Quick Definition
to lie down: lay down
Strong's Definition
to lie down (for rest, sexual connection, decease or any other purpose)
Derivation: a primitive root;
KJV Usage: [idiom] at all, cast down, (lover-)lay (self) (down), (make to) lie (down, down to sleep, still with), lodge, ravish, take rest, sleep, stay.
TWOT Reference: 2381
Outline of Biblical Usage
Septuagint (LXX) Greek Equivalents
This Hebrew word is translated by the following Greek words in the Septuagint:
STEPBible — Tyndale Abridged Hebrew Lexicon
שָׁכַב (sha.khav) — to lie down: lay down. : lay_down/lie_with 1) to lie down 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to lie, lie down, lie on 1a2) to lodge 1a3) to lie (of sexual relations) 1a4) to lie down (in death) 1a5) to rest, relax (fig) 1b) (Niphal) to be lain with (sexually) 1c) (Pual) to be lain with (sexually) 1d) (Hiphil) to make to lie down 1e) (Hophal) to be laid
שָׁכַב (sha.khav) — to lie down: sleep. : sleep/rest 1) to lie down 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to lie, lie down, lie on 1a2) to lodge 1a3) to lie (of sexual relations) 1a4) to lie down (in death) 1a5) to rest, relax (fig) 1b) (Niphal) to be lain with (sexually) 1c) (Pual) to be lain with (sexually) 1d) (Hiphil) to make to lie down 1e) (Hophal) to be laid
שָׁכַב (sha.khav) — to lie down: have sex. : have_sex 1) to lie down 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to lie, lie down, lie on 1a2) to lodge 1a3) to lie (of sexual relations) 1a4) to lie down (in death) 1a5) to rest, relax (fig) 1b) (Niphal) to be lain with (sexually) 1c) (Pual) to be lain with (sexually) 1d) (Hiphil) to make to lie down 1e) (Hophal) to be laid
שָׁכַב (sha.khav) — to lie down: be dead. : be_dead 1) to lie down 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to lie, lie down, lie on 1a2) to lodge 1a3) to lie (of sexual relations) 1a4) to lie down (in death) 1a5) to rest, relax (fig) 1b) (Niphal) to be lain with (sexually) 1c) (Pual) to be lain with (sexually) 1d) (Hiphil) to make to lie down 1e) (Hophal) to be laid
UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew
verb · מִשְׁכָּב · שְׁכָבָה · שְׁכֹבֶת
Stance | verb qal | ≈ כרע · נפל | ≠ נשׂא · קום
to lie, to lie down = state or action by which a human being or animal is in or assumes a horizontal position; ► in order to rest, sleep, or have sex with someone, or because of being unable to stand up as a result of weakness or death; ≈ sometimes associated with security
GEN 19:4 · GEN 19:33 · GEN 19:35 · GEN 28:11 · GEN 28:13 · EXO 22:26 · LEV 14:47 · LEV 15:4 · LEV 15:20 · LEV 15:24 · LEV 15:26 · LEV 26:6 · NUM 23:24 · NUM 24:9 · DEU 6:7 · DEU 11:19 · DEU 24:12 · DEU 24:13 · JOS 2:1 · JOS 2:8 · JDG 5:27 · JDG 16:3 · RUT 3:4 · RUT 3:4 · RUT 3:4 · RUT 3:7 · RUT 3:7 · RUT 3:8 · RUT 3:13 · RUT 3:14 · 1SA 3:2 · 1SA 3:3 · 1SA 3:5 · 1SA 3:5 · 1SA 3:6 · 1SA 3:9 · 1SA 3:9 · 1SA 3:15 · 1SA 26:5 · 1SA 26:5 · 1SA 26:7 · 1SA 26:7 · 2SA 4:5 · 2SA 4:7 · 2SA 11:9 · 2SA 11:13 · 2SA 12:3 · 2SA 12:16 · 2SA 13:5 · 2SA 13:6 · 2SA 13:8 · 2SA 13:31 · 1KI 1:2 · 1KI 3:19 · 1KI 19:5 · 1KI 19:6 · 1KI 21:4 · 1KI 21:27 · 2KI 4:11 · 2KI 4:34 · 2KI 9:16 · JOB 3:13 · JOB 7:4 · JOB 7:21 · JOB 11:18 · JOB 14:12 · JOB 20:11 · JOB 21:26 · JOB 27:19 · JOB 40:21 · PSA 3:6 · PSA 4:9 · PSA 41:9 · PSA 68:14 · PSA 88:6 · PRO 3:24 · PRO 3:24 · PRO 6:9 · PRO 6:10 · PRO 6:22 · PRO 23:34 · PRO 23:34 · PRO 24:33 · ECC 4:11 · ISA 14:8 · ISA 14:18 · ISA 43:17 · ISA 50:11 · ISA 51:20 · ISA 56:10 · LAM 2:21 · EZK 4:4 · EZK 4:4 · EZK 4:6 · EZK 4:9 · EZK 31:18 · EZK 32:21 · EZK 32:27 · EZK 32:28 · EZK 32:29 · EZK 32:30 · AMO 6:4 · JON 1:5 · MIC 7:5
Stance | verb hif, verb hof
to lay down, to make lie down, to tilt, to tip over = causative action by which a human being or deity causes an object or human being to assume a horizontal position
2SA 8:2 · 1KI 3:20 · 1KI 3:20 · 1KI 17:19 · 2KI 4:21 · 2KI 4:32 · 2CH 16:14 · JOB 38:37 · EZK 32:19 · EZK 32:32 · HOS 2:20
Dead | verb qal
Collocation: שׁכב עִם־אֲבֹות
to lie down with one's fathers > to rest with one's ancestors literally: to lie down with one's fathers; hence: = process by which a human being dies and so shares the fate and destination of his/her ancestors; ≈ only said of people in positions demanding respect, such as patriarchs and kings
GEN 47:30 · DEU 31:16 · 2SA 7:12 · 1KI 1:21 · 1KI 2:10 · 1KI 11:21 · 1KI 11:43 · 1KI 14:20 · 1KI 14:31 · 1KI 15:8 · 1KI 15:24 · 1KI 16:6 · 1KI 16:28 · 1KI 22:40 · 1KI 22:51 · 2KI 8:24 · 2KI 10:35 · 2KI 13:9 · 2KI 13:13 · 2KI 14:16 · 2KI 14:22 · 2KI 14:29 · 2KI 15:7 · 2KI 15:22 · 2KI 15:38 · 2KI 16:20 · 2KI 20:21 · 2KI 21:18 · 2KI 24:6 · 2CH 9:31 · 2CH 12:16 · 2CH 13:23 · 2CH 16:13 · 2CH 21:1 · 2CH 26:2 · 2CH 26:23 · 2CH 27:9 · 2CH 28:27 · 2CH 32:33 · 2CH 33:20
Copulate | verb qal, verb nif, verb pu'al
to lie with > to sleep with, to have sex with literally: to lie down with or next to someone; hence: = action by which humans have sexual relations with other humans or animals
GEN 19:32 · GEN 19:33 · GEN 19:34 · GEN 19:34 · GEN 19:35 · GEN 26:10 · GEN 30:15 · GEN 30:16 · GEN 34:2 · GEN 34:7 · GEN 35:22 · GEN 39:7 · GEN 39:10 · GEN 39:12 · GEN 39:14 · EXO 22:15 · EXO 22:18 · LEV 15:18 · LEV 15:24 · LEV 15:24 · LEV 15:33 · LEV 18:22 · LEV 19:20 · LEV 20:11 · LEV 20:12 · LEV 20:13 · LEV 20:18 · LEV 20:20 · NUM 5:13 · NUM 5:19 · DEU 22:22 · DEU 22:22 · DEU 22:23 · DEU 22:25 · DEU 22:25 · DEU 22:28 · DEU 22:29 · DEU 27:20 · DEU 27:21 · DEU 27:22 · DEU 27:23 · DEU 28:30 · 1SA 2:22 · 2SA 11:4 · 2SA 11:11 · 2SA 12:11 · 2SA 12:24 · 2SA 13:11 · 2SA 13:14 · ISA 13:16 · JER 3:2 · EZK 23:8 · ZEC 14:2
Space
to lie > to be (in a location, without defense) literally: to lie in a certain place; hence: = state in which humans are located in a certain place, with the connotation of being in a vulnerable position
End
to rest > to stop, to give up, to have respite literally: to rest; hence: = state in which an event stops taking place, as if in need of rest
Bear | verb qal | ≈ כסה
to lie down in > to accept, to bear literally: to lie down in a certain state; hence: = acts by which a human being accepts and acquiesces in a certain state
1 DEU 28:30 MT-Q יִשְׁכָּבֶנָּה | MT-K יִשְׁגָּלֶנָּה = שׁגל 2 ISA 13:16 · ZEC 14:2 MT-Q תִּשָּׁכַֽבְנָה | MT-K תִּשָּׁגַלְנָה = שׁגל
UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew © United Bible Societies, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0.
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon
שָׁכַב 212 vb. lie down Qal lie down
= lodge (for night)
of sexual relations, lie with
lie down in death
esp. in phr. lie down with his fathers
fig. = relax
Niph. Pu. = be lain with (sexually; subj. women), only as Qr for Kt [שָׁגֵל] Niph. Pu. q.v.
Hiph. lay
Hoph. laid
base