Deuteronomy 28:30
Deuteronomy 28:30 in Multiple Translations
You will be pledged in marriage to a woman, but another man will violate her. You will build a house but will not live in it. You will plant a vineyard but will not enjoy its fruit.
Thou shalt betroth a wife, and another man shall lie with her: thou shalt build an house, and thou shalt not dwell therein: thou shalt plant a vineyard, and shalt not gather the grapes thereof.
Thou shalt betroth a wife, and another man shall lie with her: thou shalt build a house, and thou shalt not dwell therein: thou shalt plant a vineyard, and shalt not use the fruit thereof.
You will take a wife, but another man will have the use of her: the house which your hands have made will never be your resting-place: you will make a vine-garden, and never take the fruit of it.
You will be engaged to marry a woman, but another man will sleep with her. You will build a house but you won't live in it. You will plant a vineyard but won't benefit from any harvest.
Thou shalt betroth a wife, and another man shall lye with her: thou shalt builde an house, and shalt not dwell therein: thou shalt plant a vineyard, and shalt not eate the fruite.
'A woman thou dost betroth, and another man doth lie with her; a house thou dost build, and dost not dwell in it; a vineyard thou dost plant, and dost not make it common;
You will betroth a wife, and another man shall lie with her. You will build a house, and you won’t dwell in it. You will plant a vineyard, and not use its fruit.
Thou shalt betroth a wife, and another man shall lie with her: thou shalt build a house, and thou shalt not dwell in it: thou shalt plant a vineyard, and shalt not gather the grapes of it.
Mayst thou take a wife, and another sleep with her. Mayst thou build a house, and not dwell therein. Mayest thou plant a vineyard and not gather the vintage thereof.
Some of you men will be engaged/promised to marry a young woman, but someone else will rape her. You will build houses, but you will never live in them. You will plant grapevines, but you will not eat the grapes; someone else will eat them.
Berean Amplified Bible — Deuteronomy 28:30
BAB
Word Study
Hover over any word to see its amplified meaning. Click a word to explore its full definition and translation comparisons.
Amplified text is generated using scripting to tie together English translations for comparison. Always refer to the core BSB translation and original Hebrew/Greek text for accuracy. Anomalies may occur.
Deuteronomy 28:30 Interlinear (Deep Study)
BIB
HEB
אִשָּׁ֣ה
תְאָרֵ֗שׂ
וְ/אִ֤ישׁ
אַחֵר֙
ישגל/נה
יִשְׁכָּבֶ֔/נָּה
בַּ֥יִת
תִּבְנֶ֖ה
וְ/לֹא
תֵשֵׁ֣ב
בּ֑/וֹ
כֶּ֥רֶם
תִּטַּ֖ע
וְ/לֹ֥א
תְחַלְּלֶּֽ/נּוּ
אִשָּׁ֣ה
ʼishshâh
H802
woman
N-fs
תְאָרֵ֗שׂ
ʼâras
H781
to betroth
V-Piel-Imperf-2ms
וְ/אִ֤ישׁ
ʼîysh
H376
man
Conj | N-ms
אַחֵר֙
ʼachêr
H312
another
Adj
ישגל/נה
shâgal
H7693
to ravish
V-Qal-Imperf-3ms | Suff
יִשְׁכָּבֶ֔/נָּה
shâkab
H7901
to lie down
V-Qal-Imperf-3ms | Suff
בַּ֥יִת
bayith
H1004
place
N-ms
תִּבְנֶ֖ה
bânâh
H1129
to build
V-Qal-Imperf-2ms
וְ/לֹא
lôʼ
H3808
not
Conj | Part
תֵשֵׁ֣ב
yâshab
H3427
to dwell
V-Qal-Imperf-2ms
בּ֑/וֹ
Prep | Suff
כֶּ֥רֶם
kerem
H3754
vineyard
N-cs
תִּטַּ֖ע
nâṭaʻ
H5193
to plant
V-Qal-Imperf-2ms
וְ/לֹ֥א
lôʼ
H3808
not
Conj | Part
תְחַלְּלֶּֽ/נּוּ
châlal
H2490
to bore
V-Piel-Imperf-2ms | Suff
Hebrew Word Study
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Hebrew Word Reference — Deuteronomy 28:30
אִשָּׁ֣ה
ʼishshâh
H802
"woman"
N-fs
The Hebrew word for woman, used to describe a female person, wife, or animal, appears in many biblical passages, including Genesis and Exodus, and is often translated as woman, wife, or female.
Definition: : woman 1) woman, wife, female 1a) woman (opposite of man) 1b) wife (woman married to a man) 1c) female (of animals) 1d) each, every (pronoun)
Usage: Occurs in 686 OT verses. KJV: (adulter) ess, each, every, female, [idiom] many, [phrase] none, one, [phrase] together, wife, woman. Often unexpressed in English. See also: Genesis 2:22; Genesis 34:4; Numbers 5:12.
תְאָרֵ֗שׂ
ʼâras
H781
"to betroth"
V-Piel-Imperf-2ms
In the Bible, this Hebrew word means to promise marriage, like when a man and woman get engaged. It is used in Deuteronomy 20:7 to describe a man who has recently gotten engaged. This word is about making a commitment to marry someone.
Definition: 1) to betroth, engage 1a) (Piel) to betroth (man or woman) 1b) (Pual) to be betrothed
Usage: Occurs in 10 OT verses. KJV: betroth, espouse. See also: Exodus 22:15; Deuteronomy 22:28; Hosea 2:22.
וְ/אִ֤ישׁ
ʼîysh
H376
"man"
Conj | N-ms
The Hebrew word for man, referring to a male person or individual, is used in the Bible to describe humans in contrast to God or animals, as seen in Genesis and Psalms. It can also mean husband or servant. In the KJV, it is translated as man or male.
Definition: : man 1) man 1a) man, male (in contrast to woman, female) 1b) husband 1c) human being, person (in contrast to God) 1d) servant 1e) mankind 1f) champion 1g) great man 2) whosoever 3) each (adjective)
Usage: Occurs in 1851 OT verses. KJV: also, another, any (man), a certain, [phrase] champion, consent, each, every (one), fellow, (foot-, husband-) man, (good-, great, mighty) man, he, high (degree), him (that is), husband, man(-kind), [phrase] none, one, people, person, [phrase] steward, what (man) soever, whoso(-ever), worthy. Compare H802 (אִשָּׁה). See also: Genesis 2:23; Genesis 42:25; Exodus 32:23.
אַחֵר֙
ʼachêr
H312
"another"
Adj
Means another or next in the original Hebrew, often referring to someone or something that follows or is different. It appears in various contexts, including descriptions of people and events in the Bible.
Definition: 1) another, other, following 1a) following, further 1b) other, different
Usage: Occurs in 161 OT verses. KJV: (an-) other man, following, next, strange. See also: Genesis 4:25; 1 Kings 13:10; Psalms 16:4.
ישגל/נה
shâgal
H7693
"to ravish"
V-Qal-Imperf-3ms | Suff
This Hebrew word means to forcefully take someone, often referring to a violent act. It appears in the Bible as a translation of 'lie with' or 'ravish'.
Definition: 1) to violate, ravish 1a) (Qal) to violate, ravish 1b) (Niphal) to be ravished 1c) (Pual) to be ravished
Usage: Occurs in 4 OT verses. KJV: lie with, ravish. See also: Deuteronomy 28:30; Jeremiah 3:2; Isaiah 13:16.
יִשְׁכָּבֶ֔/נָּה
shâkab
H7901
"to lie down"
V-Qal-Imperf-3ms | Suff
To lie down can mean to rest, sleep, or have sexual relations, and is used in various contexts throughout the Bible. It can also mean to relax or be at rest.
Definition: : lay_down/lie_with 1) to lie down 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to lie, lie down, lie on 1a2) to lodge 1a3) to lie (of sexual relations) 1a4) to lie down (in death) 1a5) to rest, relax (fig) 1b) (Niphal) to be lain with (sexually) 1c) (Pual) to be lain with (sexually) 1d) (Hiphil) to make to lie down 1e) (Hophal) to be laid
Usage: Occurs in 194 OT verses. KJV: [idiom] at all, cast down, (lover-)lay (self) (down), (make to) lie (down, down to sleep, still with), lodge, ravish, take rest, sleep, stay. See also: Genesis 19:4; 1 Kings 11:43; Psalms 3:6.
בַּ֥יִת
bayith
H1004
"place"
N-ms
The Hebrew word for house refers to a dwelling place, including a family home, temple, or even the human body. It appears in various contexts, such as the temple in Jerusalem or the household of a family. In the Bible, it is often used to describe a place of worship or a family's living space.
Definition: nm place, origin, between
Usage: Occurs in 1712 OT verses. KJV: court, daughter, door, [phrase] dungeon, family, [phrase] forth of, [idiom] great as would contain, hangings, home(born), (winter) house(-hold), inside(-ward), palace, place, [phrase] prison, [phrase] steward, [phrase] tablet, temple, web, [phrase] within(-out). See also: Genesis 6:14; Exodus 8:5; Numbers 1:45.
תִּבְנֶ֖ה
bânâh
H1129
"to build"
V-Qal-Imperf-2ms
The Hebrew word bânâh means to build something, like a house or a family. It can also mean to establish or repair something, and is used in various contexts throughout the Bible.
Definition: 1) to build, rebuild, establish, cause to continue 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to build, rebuild 1a2) to build a house (ie, establish a family) 1b) (Niphal) 1b1) to be built 1b2) to be rebuilt 1b3) established (of restored exiles) (fig.) 1b4) established (made permanent) 1b5) to be built up (of childless wife becoming the mother of a family through the children of a concubine) Aramaic equivalent: be.nah (בְּנָה "to build" H1124)
Usage: Occurs in 345 OT verses. KJV: (begin to) build(-er), obtain children, make, repair, set (up), [idiom] surely. See also: Genesis 2:22; 1 Kings 8:48; 2 Chronicles 20:8.
וְ/לֹא
lôʼ
H3808
"not"
Conj | Part
The Hebrew word for not or no is used to indicate absence or negation, as when God says no to the Israelites' requests, or when they disobey His commands.
Definition: 1) not, no 1a) not (with verb-absolute prohibition) 1b) not (with modifier-negation) 1c) nothing (subst) 1d) without (with particle) 1e) before (of time) Aramaic equivalent: la (לָא "not" H3809)
Usage: Occurs in 3967 OT verses. KJV: [idiom] before, [phrase] or else, ere, [phrase] except, ig(-norant), much, less, nay, neither, never, no((-ne), -r, (-thing)), ([idiom] as though...,(can-), for) not (out of), of nought, otherwise, out of, [phrase] surely, [phrase] as truly as, [phrase] of a truth, [phrase] verily, for want, [phrase] whether, without. See also: Genesis 2:5; Genesis 31:15; Exodus 4:9.
תֵשֵׁ֣ב
yâshab
H3427
"to dwell"
V-Qal-Imperf-2ms
This verb means to sit or dwell, and can also mean to remain or abide. It's used in the Bible to describe people living in a place or staying with someone, like in the book of Genesis.
Definition: 1) to dwell, remain, sit, abide 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to sit, sit down 1a2) to be set 1a3) to remain, stay 1a4) to dwell, have one's abode 1b) (Niphal) to be inhabited 1c) (Piel) to set, place 1d) (Hiphil) 1d1) to cause to sit 1d2) to cause to abide, set 1d3) to cause to dwell 1d4) to cause (cities) to be inhabited 1d5) to marry (give an dwelling to) 1e) (Hophal) 1e1) to be inhabited 1e2) to make to dwell Aramaic equivalent: ye.tiv (יְתִב "to dwell" H3488)
Usage: Occurs in 977 OT verses. KJV: (make to) abide(-ing), continue, (cause to, make to) dwell(-ing), ease self, endure, establish, [idiom] fail, habitation, haunt, (make to) inhabit(-ant), make to keep (house), lurking, [idiom] marry(-ing), (bring again to) place, remain, return, seat, set(-tle), (down-) sit(-down, still, -ting down, -ting (place) -uate), take, tarry. See also: Genesis 4:16; Leviticus 25:18; Joshua 13:6.
בּ֑/וֹ
""
Prep | Suff
כֶּ֥רֶם
kerem
H3754
"vineyard"
N-cs
A vineyard, or kerem, was a garden or plot of land used for growing vines and other crops. In the Bible, vineyards were often used as a symbol of prosperity and abundance, as seen in the book of Isaiah and the parables of Jesus.
Definition: vineyard
Usage: Occurs in 81 OT verses. KJV: vines, (increase of the) vineyard(-s), vintage. See also H1021 (בֵּית הַכֶּרֶם). See also: Genesis 9:20; Nehemiah 5:11; Psalms 107:37.
תִּטַּ֖ע
nâṭaʻ
H5193
"to plant"
V-Qal-Imperf-2ms
To plant or establish something, like in Genesis 2:8 where God planted a garden in Eden. It can also mean to fix or fasten something in place.
Definition: 1) to plant, fasten, fix, establish 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to plant 1a2) to plant, establish (fig.) 1b) (Niphal) 1b1) to be planted 1b2) to be established (fig.)
Usage: Occurs in 55 OT verses. KJV: fastened, plant(-er). See also: Genesis 2:8; Isaiah 17:10; Psalms 44:3.
וְ/לֹ֥א
lôʼ
H3808
"not"
Conj | Part
The Hebrew word for not or no is used to indicate absence or negation, as when God says no to the Israelites' requests, or when they disobey His commands.
Definition: 1) not, no 1a) not (with verb-absolute prohibition) 1b) not (with modifier-negation) 1c) nothing (subst) 1d) without (with particle) 1e) before (of time) Aramaic equivalent: la (לָא "not" H3809)
Usage: Occurs in 3967 OT verses. KJV: [idiom] before, [phrase] or else, ere, [phrase] except, ig(-norant), much, less, nay, neither, never, no((-ne), -r, (-thing)), ([idiom] as though...,(can-), for) not (out of), of nought, otherwise, out of, [phrase] surely, [phrase] as truly as, [phrase] of a truth, [phrase] verily, for want, [phrase] whether, without. See also: Genesis 2:5; Genesis 31:15; Exodus 4:9.
תְחַלְּלֶּֽ/נּוּ
châlal
H2490
"to bore"
V-Piel-Imperf-2ms | Suff
This Hebrew word means to profane or begin, like starting something new or breaking a rule. It appears in the Bible when someone disrespects God or a person, like in Ezekiel 22:26. It can also mean to play music or start a project.
Definition: 1) to wound (fatally), bore through, pierce, bore 1a) (Qal) to pierce 1b) (Pual) to be slain 1c) (Poel) to wound, pierce 1d) (Poal) to be wounded
Usage: Occurs in 132 OT verses. KJV: begin ([idiom] men began), defile, [idiom] break, defile, [idiom] eat (as common things), [idiom] first, [idiom] gather the grape thereof, [idiom] take inheritance, pipe, player on instruments, pollute, (cast as) profane (self), prostitute, slay (slain), sorrow, stain, wound. See also: Genesis 4:26; Ezra 3:8; Psalms 55:21.
Study Notes — Deuteronomy 28:30
Show Verse Quote Highlights
- Context
- Cross References
- Deuteronomy 28:30 Summary
- Frequently Asked Questions
- Reflection Questions
- Gill's Exposition on Deuteronomy 28:30
- Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Deuteronomy 28:30
- Matthew Poole's Commentary on Deuteronomy 28:30
- Trapp's Commentary on Deuteronomy 28:30
- Adam Clarke's Commentary on Deuteronomy 28:30
- Cambridge Bible on Deuteronomy 28:30
- Whedon's Commentary on Deuteronomy 28:30
- Sermons on Deuteronomy 28:30
Context — The Curses of Disobedience
28The LORD will afflict you with madness, blindness, and confusion of mind,
29and at noon you will grope about like a blind man in the darkness. You will not prosper in your ways. Day after day you will be oppressed and plundered, with no one to save you.
30You will be pledged in marriage to a woman, but another man will violate her. You will build a house but will not live in it. You will plant a vineyard but will not enjoy its fruit.
31Your ox will be slaughtered before your eyes, but you will not eat any of it. Your donkey will be taken away and not returned to you. Your flock will be given to your enemies, and no one will save you. 32Your sons and daughters will be given to another nation, while your eyes grow weary looking for them day after day, with no power in your hand.Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Amos 5:11 | Therefore, because you trample on the poor and exact from him a tax of grain, you will never live in the stone houses you have built; you will never drink the wine from the lush vineyards you have planted. |
| 2 | Jeremiah 8:10 | Therefore I will give their wives to other men and their fields to new owners. For from the least of them to the greatest, all are greedy for gain; from prophet to priest, all practice deceit. |
| 3 | Job 31:10 | then may my own wife grind grain for another, and may other men sleep with her. |
| 4 | Micah 6:15 | You will sow but not reap; you will press olives but not anoint yourselves with oil; you will tread grapes but not drink the wine. |
| 5 | Hosea 4:2 | Cursing and lying, murder and stealing, and adultery are rampant; one act of bloodshed follows another. |
| 6 | Lamentations 5:2 | Our inheritance has been turned over to strangers, our houses to foreigners. |
| 7 | Deuteronomy 20:6–7 | Has any man planted a vineyard and not begun to enjoy its fruit? Let him return home, or he may die in battle and another man enjoy its fruit. Has any man become pledged to a woman and not married her? Let him return home, or he may die in battle and another man marry her.” |
| 8 | Jeremiah 12:13 | They have sown wheat but harvested thorns. They have exhausted themselves to no avail. Bear the shame of your harvest because of the fierce anger of the LORD.” |
| 9 | Isaiah 5:9–10 | I heard the LORD of Hosts declare: “Surely many houses will become desolate, great mansions left unoccupied. For ten acres of vineyard will yield but a bath of wine, and a homer of seed only an ephah of grain. ” |
| 10 | Zephaniah 1:13 | Their wealth will be plundered and their houses laid waste. They will build houses but not inhabit them, and plant vineyards but never drink their wine. |
Deuteronomy 28:30 Summary
This verse, Deuteronomy 28:30, is talking about what happens when we disobey God and don't follow His commands. When we do this, we can experience disappointment and heartbreak in many areas of our lives, like in our relationships or in our work. This is not because God is mean or wants us to be unhappy, but because He wants us to trust and obey Him, as seen in John 14:15 and Jeremiah 7:23. By following God's commands and being faithful to Him, we can experience His blessing and prosperity, as promised in Deuteronomy 28:1-14 and Psalm 37:3-7.
Frequently Asked Questions
What does it mean to be pledged in marriage to a woman, but another man will violate her?
This phrase is speaking to the heartbreak and disappointment that comes when God's people are unfaithful and experience the consequences of their actions, as seen in Deuteronomy 28:30, and is reminiscent of the faithful God's warnings in Jeremiah 3:20 and Hosea 1:2.
Why would God allow someone to build a house but not live in it, or plant a vineyard but not enjoy its fruit?
This is a picture of the blessing of God being removed from someone's life due to disobedience, as stated in Deuteronomy 28:30, and is consistent with the principles outlined in Deuteronomy 11:26-28 and Leviticus 26:14-20.
Is this verse talking about a literal marriage, house, and vineyard, or is it symbolic?
While the language is literal, the concepts are also symbolic of the overall blessing and prosperity that God desires to give to His people, as seen in Deuteronomy 8:7-10 and Psalm 128:1-6, which can be lost due to disobedience.
How does this verse relate to the rest of Deuteronomy 28?
Deuteronomy 28:30 is part of a larger section outlining the consequences of disobedience to God's covenant, as seen in Deuteronomy 28:1-68, and serves as a specific example of the kinds of hardships and disappointments that can occur when God's people are unfaithful, in contrast to the blessings promised in Deuteronomy 28:1-14.
Reflection Questions
- What are some areas in my life where I have experienced disappointment or heartbreak, and how might these be related to my faithfulness to God?
- In what ways have I seen the blessing of God removed from my life or the lives of others due to disobedience, and what can I learn from these experiences?
- How can I apply the principles of Deuteronomy 28:30 to my own life, in terms of being faithful to God and avoiding the consequences of disobedience?
- What are some ways that I can cultivate a sense of dependence on God and trust in His goodness, even in the midst of hardship or disappointment?
Gill's Exposition on Deuteronomy 28:30
Thou shall betroth a wife, and another man shall lie with her,.... Espouse a woman in order to make her his wife, and before he can take her home, and consummate the marriage, through some calamity
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Deuteronomy 28:30
Thou shalt betroth a wife, and another man shall lie with her: thou shalt build an house, and thou shalt not dwell therein: thou shalt plant a vineyard, and shalt not gather the grapes thereof. No JFB commentary on these verses.
Matthew Poole's Commentary on Deuteronomy 28:30
Another man shall lie with her before thou canst consummate thy marriage, and enjoy her as thy wife. And so in the following branches.
Trapp's Commentary on Deuteronomy 28:30
Deuteronomy 28:30 Thou shalt betroth a wife, and another man shall lie with her: thou shalt build an house, and thou shalt not dwell therein: thou shalt plant a vineyard, and shalt not gather the grapes thereof.Ver. 30. Thou shalt built a house, &c.] A great aggravation of a man’ s misery it is, to fall from high hopes, to fail of large expectations, as Haman did, and Absalom, and Alexander the Great, and Tamerlane, who preparing to perfect his conquest of the Greek Empire, and having given a good beginning thereunto, in the midst of his high hopes and greatest power, died of an ague, Jan. 27, 1462. Many men spend their strength and waste their wits in getting these outward things, and in learning how to put them to their delightfullest use: and then, when to possess them might seem a happiness, either they die or are otherwise deprived of all the sweet they have laboured for. Turk. Hist.
Adam Clarke's Commentary on Deuteronomy 28:30
Verse 30. Thou shalt betroth a wife, c.] Can any heart imagine any thing more grievous than the evils threatened in this and the following verses? To be on the brink of all social and domestic happiness, and then to be suddenly deprived of all, and see an enemy possess and enjoy every thing that was dear to them, must excite them to the utmost pitch of distraction and madness. They have, it is true, grievously sinned but, O ye Christians, have they not grievously suffered for it? Is not the stroke of God heavy enough upon them? Do not then, by unkind treatment or cruel Oppression, increase their miseries. They are, above all others, the men who have seen affliction by the stroke of his rod; Lamentations 3:1.
Cambridge Bible on Deuteronomy 28:30
30. Cp. Deuteronomy 20:5-7. The Heb. text employs a more violent term.
Whedon's Commentary on Deuteronomy 28:30
30. Betroth a wife — Though all the preparations for domestic life may be made, disobedience will bring dire dis-appointment. The wife, the home, the vineyard, shall be another’s.
Sermons on Deuteronomy 28:30
| Sermon | Description | |
|---|---|---|
|
Israel's Chastisement by Art Katz | In this sermon, the preacher emphasizes that the actions of God in the present times are a demonstration of His power and nature, both in judgment and mercy. The sermon highlights |
|
When Religion Wants to Be Worshipped by Carter Conlon | In this sermon, the speaker discusses the immediate effect of Satan's fallen nature being embraced by humanity and how it influenced religious practices. The story of Cain and Abel |