Demonstrative Pronoun

Demonstrative Pronoun
§ 4. The Demons. pron. ‏זֶה‎ and ‏הוּא‎ are used as in Eng. Judges 4:14 ‏זֵה הַיּוֹם‎ this is the day. Genesis 41:28 ‏הוּא הַדָּבָר‎ that is the thing. Deuteronomy 1:1 ‏אֵלֶּה הַדְּבָרִים‎ these are the words. On their use as adj. § 32, and R. 3.
In usage ‏זה‎ refers to a subject when first mentioned, or when about to be mentioned ( = the following), while ‏הוא‎ refers back to a subj. already spoken of. Judges 7:4, of whom I shall say ‏זֶה יֵלֵךְ אִתָּךְ הוּא יֵלֵךְ‎ this one shall go with thee, that one shall go. Genesis 42:14 ‏הוּא אֲשֶׁר דִּבַּרְתִּי‎ that is what I said to you. Genesis 32:3; Genesis 44:17. So the common prophetic phrase ‏בַּיּוֹם הַהוּא‎ on that day (time just spoken of), Isaiah 4:2.
The pron. ‏זה‎ is used almost as a noun in all the three cases. Genesis 29:27 ‏שְׁבֻעַ זאֹת‎ the week of this one. 1 Kings 21:2. Genesis 2:23 ‏לְזאֹת יִקָּרֵא‎ this shall be called. 1 Samuel 21:11, 1 Kings 22:17. Isaiah 29:11 ‏קְרָא־נָא זֶה‎ read this (writing). 2 Samuel 13:17 ‏שִׁלְחוּ־נָא אֶת־זאֹת‎ send this person away; and mas. with same contemptuous sense, 1 Kings 22:27 (1 S. 21:16). 2 Kings 6:20 ‏פְּקַח את־עֵֽינֵי־אֵלֶּה‎ open the eyes of these men. Genesis 29:33. Pron. ‏הוא‎ is not used in this way, though cf. 1 Kings 20:40.
Rem. 1. When this, that are used neuterly while ‏הוּא‎ is perhaps more common than fem. (Genesis 42:14, Amos 7:6), ‏זאֹת‎ is much oftener used than mas. Genesis 42:18 ‏זאֹת עֲשׂוּ וִֽחְיוּ‎ do this and ye shall live. Genesis 42:15 ‏בְּזאֹת‎ by this shall ye be proved. Isaiah 5:25 ‏בבל־זאת‎ for (amidst) all this. Isaiah 9:12, Isaiah 9:20; Isaiah 10:4, Hosea 7:10, Amos 7:3. The mas., however, is not unusual, esp. in the sense of such, Genesis 11:6, 2 Kings 4:43. The distinction between this and that stated above is usually preserved, but this thing, these things seem exclusively used. Genesis 24:9; Genesis 15:1; Genesis 20:8.
§ 5. When ‏זה‎ is repeated it is equivalent to this... that, the one... the other. Isaiah 6:3 ‏וְקָרָא זֶה אֶל־זֶה‎ and the one called to the other. 1 Kings 3:23 ‏וְזאֹת אֺמֶרֶת‎... ‏זאֹת אֺמֶרֶת‎ this one says... and the other says. Joshua 8:22 ‏אֵלֶּה מִזֶּה וְאֵלֶּה מִזֶּה‎ some on this side and some on that side. Exodus 14:20, 2 Samuel 2:13, 1 Kings 20:29; 1 Kings 22:20, Psalms 20:7; Psalms 75:8, Job 1:16, Daniel 12:2. Comp. 1 Kings 20:40 thy servant ‏עשֵֹׁה הֵנָּה וָהֵנָּת‎ was busy with this and that, where gen. as Deuteronomy 25:16 ‏עשֵֺׁה אֵלֶּה‎.
§ 6. As in other languages, the Demons. have come to be treated as adjectives. They necessarily make their noun definite, and then conform so much to the usage of adj. as themselves to take the Art. Isaiah 4:2 ‏בַּיּוֹם הַהוּא‎ on that day. Occasionally, however, Art. is wanting, Genesis 19:33 ‏בַּלַּיְלָה הוּא‎ that night, Genesis 30:16; Genesis 32:23, 1 Samuel 19:10, Psalms 12:7. The Art. is always wanting when Demons. adj. qualifies a noun determined by a suff. Exodus 10:1 ‏אֺתֺתַי אֵלֶּה‎ these my signs. With another adj. or several Demons. stands last. Genesis 41:35. See § 32. The form ‏הַלָּזֶה‎ yonder is generally used as adj. Genesis 24:65; Genesis 37:19, Judges 6:20, 1 Samuel 17:26, 2 Kings 4:25; as pron. Daniel 8:16.
Rem. 1. In some cases the Demons., as a substantive definite of itself, seems to stand in appos. with the defined noun, Psalms 104:25, Ezra 3:12, Son_7:8. Text of 1 Kings 14:14 is obscure, and 2 Kings 6:33, 1 Chronicles 21:17 are doubtful. With proper names, Exodus 32:1 ‏זה משֶׁה‎, Judges 5:5. With noun defined by suff., Joshua 9:12-13, Habakkuk 1:11. The noun is rarely undefined, Psalms 80:14 ‏נֶּפֶן זאת‎ this vine, Micah 7:12 (text uncertain). Phenic. says ‏קבר ז‎ this grave, and ‏הקבר ז‎. Cf. Moab. St. Micah 1:3 ‏הבמת זאת‎ this high place. In Ar. Demons. being a noun, stands in appos., before the noun if defined by Art., and after if a proper name or defined by suff.
Rem. 2. The Demons., particularly ‏זה‎, is used with interrogatives to add emphasis or vividness to the question. Genesis 27:21 ‏הַֽאַתָּה זֶה בְּנִי‎ art thou my son Esau? See § 7c.
In the same way force is added to adverbial and particularly temporal expressions. 1 Kings 19:5 ‏וְהִנֵּה־זֶה מַלְאָךְ‎ and lo! an angel. 1 Kings 17:24 ‏עַתָּה זֶה יָדַעְתִּי‎ now indeed I know!
2 Kings 5:22 have just come to me. Genesis 27:36 ‏זֶה פַֽעֲמַיִם‎ now twice; Genesis 31:38 ‏זֶה עֶשְׂרִים שָׁנָה‎ twenty years now. Genesis 31:41; Genesis 43:10; Genesis 45:6, Numbers 22:28, Deuteronomy 8:2, Judges 16:15, 1 Samuel 29:3, 2 Samuel 14:2, Job 19:3.
Rem. 3. The form ‏זה‎ is often a relative in poetry (as in Aram., Eth.). Like ‏אשׁר‎ it suffers no change for gend. and number. Job 19:19 ‏וְזֶה אָהַבְתִּי נֶהְפְּכוּ־בִי‎ and they-whom I loved are turned against me. Psalms 74:2; Psalms 78:54; Psalms 104:1-35, Psalms 8:1-9; Proverbs 23:22, Job 15:17. The form ‏זוּ‎ (Psalms 132:12 ‏זוֹ‎) is still oftener used. Exodus 15:13, Isaiah 42:24; Isaiah 43:21, Psalms 9:15; Psalms 10:2; Psalms 17:9; Psalms 31:5; Psalms 32:8; Psalms 68:29; Psalms 143:8.
Rem. 4. The Demons. unites with prepp. to form adverbial expressions. See Lex. On its union with ‏כ‎ to express such, cf. § 11, R. 1e.