Luke 24

Hendriksen

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-8 1 3 2 -9 1 0 0 0 0 13 96 -9 2 0 0 2 0 1 RVStyle2 7 StyleNameNormal textFontNameArialUnicode Size Standard StyleNameDefaultFontNameTahomaUnicode Size Standard StyleNameJumpFontNameTahomaStylefsUnderlineColorclBlue HoverColorclMaroonHoverEffects rvheUnderlineUnicode Jump Size Standard StyleNameHeading - Module name SizeDoubleFontNameTahomaColorclMaroonUnicode SizeStandard StyleName"Heading small - Module descriptionFontNameTahomaColorclMaroonUnicode Size Standard StyleNameHeading - LinkFontNameTahomaColorclNavy HoverColorclPurpleUnicode Jump Size Standard StyleNameDefaultFontNameTahomaStylefsUnderlineColorclBlueUnicode Jump Size Standard StyleNameDefaultFontNameTahomaColorclBlue HoverColorclMaroonNextStyleNoUnicode Jump Size -9 2 0 0 2 0 2 RVStyle2 jBiDiModervbdLeftToRightTabs StyleNameCentered Alignment rvaCenterTabsStandardTabs-9 2 0 0 2 0 4 RVStyle2 -9 0 0 0 0 0 7 1 12 2 8 0 0 CHAPTER XXIV ) Outline of Chapter 24) ) Theme: The Work Thou Gavest Him to Do) B. The Resurrection and Ascension) 24:1 12 Christ s Resurrection Revealed to Women Disciples) 24:13 35 The Appearance of the Risen Christ to Cleopas and His Companion) 24:36 49 The Appearance of the Risen Christ to the Apostles, etc.) 24:50 53 Christ s Ascension) ) Easter Sunday and Afterward) 24:1 12 Christ s Resurrection Revealed to Women Disciples) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.28.1-40.28.10|AUTODETECT|” Cf. ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.28.1-40.28.10|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 28:1 10) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.16.1-41.16.8|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.16.1-41.16.8|AUTODETECT|” Mark 16:1 8) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.1-43.20.10|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.1-43.20.10|AUTODETECT|” John 20:1 10) 1 8 2 8 0 0 24 1 But on the first day of the week at early dawn the women, taking with them the aromatic spices they had prepared, went to the tomb. 2 They found the stone rolled away from the tomb, 3 but on entering they did not find the body of the Lord Jesus. 4 While they were perplexed about this, two men, dressed in garments that flashed like lightning, stood beside them. 5 But as the women were frightened and bowed their faces to the ground, the men said to them, Why are you seeking the living among the dead? 6 He is not here but is risen.��608�� Remember how he told you while he was still in Galilee 7 that the Son of man must be delivered into the hands of sinful men, must be crucified, and on the third day rise again. 8 Then they remembered his words.) 9 Now when they returned from the tomb, they reported all these things to the eleven and to all the rest. 10 Those who told these things to the apostles were, among other women companions, Mary Magdalene, Joanna, and Mary the mother of James. 11 But these words seemed to the apostles to be nonsense, and so they continued to disbelieve the women. 12 Peter, however, got up and ran to the tomb. Stooping down, he saw��609�� the strips of linen (lying) by themselves, and he went home wondering about what had happened.) ) 1. But on the first day of the week at early dawn the women, taking with them the aromatic spices they had prepared, went to the tomb.) Finally the day of all the best had arrived. But for the women (see verse 10; also 23:49) this day did not start out as one of special joy. There was deep sorrow and there was work to do. In this particular climate decomposition of the body was rapid.

So these women went to the tomb in order to anoint the body of Jesus with the aromatics, that is the spices and perfumes, they had prepared (see 23:56).) What they did certainly demonstrated their love and devotion, but also their lack of faith. They should have reminded themselves of the Savior s repeated promises of his resurrection on the third day. But would we have done any better?) As to the time when these women came, much has been written about this. Mark says when the sun was risen (16:2); Matthew at dawn (28:1); Luke at early dawn (here in 24:1); and John while it was still dark (20:1). Possible solution: although it was still dark when the women started out, the sun had risen when they arrived at the tomb.) 2, 3. They found the stone rolled away from the tomb, but on entering they did not find the body of the Lord Jesus.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.27.62-40.27.66|AUTODETECT|” Apparently the women had not heard about the sealing of the tomb and the posting of a guard 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.27.62-40.27.66|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 27:62 66) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ). The evangelist Mark reports that on the way to the tomb the women had been worried about the stone. We read, And they were saying to each other, Who will roll away the stone for us from the entrance of the tomb? ) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.1|AUTODETECT|” However, they need not have worried. As Mark and Luke both report, they suddenly noticed that the stone had already been removed. ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.1|AUTODETECT|” John 20:1) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.2|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.2|AUTODETECT|” 2) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 relates the reaction of Mary Magdalene when she saw that the stone had been taken away. And Matthew tells us how this had been accomplished: Suddenly there was a violent earthquake, for an angel of the Lord came down from heaven, stepped forward, rolled away the stone and was sitting on it (28:2).) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.5|AUTODETECT|” Though Mary Magdalene hurried away to blurt out her story to Peter, the rest of the women entered the tomb, but did not find the body of Jesus. Very little information about the sepulchre, in addition to what has already been supplied (see above, on 23:53, 54), can be added. The New Testament nowhere furnishes a detailed description. It has been suggested that it had an antechamber which by means of a low doorway at the rear note and as he stooped down 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.5|AUTODETECT|” John 20:5) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.16.5|AUTODETECT|” ) gave access to an inner chamber in which the body had been placed.��610�� But whether this particular tomb actually had two chambers has not been revealed. Not every first-century tomb followed this precise pattern. The same holds with respect to the exact appearance of the spot where the body of Jesus had been placed. It has been suggested that there was a declivity in the floor, and that at the foot-end and at the head-end the rock was left somewhat elevated, to provide seats. This would explain ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.16.5|AUTODETECT|” Mark 16:5) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.12|AUTODETECT|” and ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.12|AUTODETECT|” John 20:12) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 . But see footnote 610 on Smith s article.) 1 3 2 8 0 0 The really important fact, however, far outweighing any detail regarding the construction and appearance of the tomb, was that upon entering, the women did not find the body of the Lord Jesus! The tomb was empty.) 4. While they were perplexed about this, two men, dressed in garments that flashed like lightning, stood beside them.) Suddenly two men, dressed in robes that were absolutely dazzling, were standing beside the women. Matthew mentions one angel (28:3, 5); Mark, a young man dressed in a white robe (16:5); and John, two angels (20:12). Sometimes those addressing the women are represented as standing, then again as sitting. Sometimes they are reported as saying one thing; then, as saying something else.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.13.2|AUTODETECT|” Though we do not know exactly how all of these facts dovetail, this should not be a hindrance to faith. Rather the very opposite. The variation indicates that one evangelist was not simply copying what another had said or written. There were different sources, but all were reliable. It should also be borne in mind that if one angel was spokesman for both, a reporter could truthfully use either the singular or the plural in referring to the speaker(s). Again, as to angel or young man, this is not the only instance in Scripture in which angels appear in the form of men 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.13.2|AUTODETECT|” Heb. 13:2) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ). As to sitting or standing, is it impossible that at one moment these heavenly visitors were sitting, at another moment standing? And as to difference in the messages that were spoken, why should it be regarded as impossible that the messengers spoke more than once?) 1 2 2 8 0 0 That the garments of these men flashed like lightning is not strange, for they belonged to and had descended from the realm of beauty, splendor, and purity. Cf. 9:29.) 5 7. But as the women were frightened and bowed their faces to the ground, the men said to them, Why are you seeking the living one among the dead? He is not here but is risen. Remember how he told you while he was still in Galilee that the Son of man must be delivered into the hands of sinful men, must be crucified, and on the third day rise again.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.16.21|AUTODETECT|” It is not surprising that these women, who after all were sinful human beings, were frightened, and that out of fear and respect they inclined their faces to the ground. Besides, they really had no business to be here for the purpose of anointing a corpse. They meant well but were badly in error. The heavenly messengers therefore asked them why they were seeking the living among the dead. They followed this up by gently but firmly reminding them of the predictions which the Savior, while still in Galilee, had trade to them, namely, that he would (a) be delivered into the hands of sinful men; (b) be crucified; and (c) on the third day rise again. For these predictions see ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.16.21|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 16:21) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.17.22|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.17.22|AUTODETECT|” 17:22) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.17.23|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.17.23|AUTODETECT|” 23) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.20.17-40.20.19|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.20.17-40.20.19|AUTODETECT|” 20:17 19) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.8.31|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.8.31|AUTODETECT|” Mark 8:31) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.9.31|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.9.31|AUTODETECT|” 9:31) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.10.33|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.10.33|AUTODETECT|” 10:33) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.10.34|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.10.34|AUTODETECT|” 34) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.9.22|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.9.22|AUTODETECT|” Luke 9:22) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.9.44|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.9.44|AUTODETECT|” 44) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.18.31-42.18.34|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.18.31-42.18.34|AUTODETECT|” 18:31 34) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 .) 1 5 2 8 0 0 8. Then they remembered his words.) What a wonderful thing is memory! We generally take it or at times its absence for granted. But no one as yet has been able to show exactly how it operates and what makes it possible. Generally the most celebrated specialists are also the first to admit its unsolved mysteries.) In the case of these women there were especially two things that aided the memory: (a) the fact that they had been emotionally involved in the happenings of the last several days. How they, friends and followers of Jesus as they were, active supporters, indeed, had suffered when their Master had been surrendered into the hands of sinful men!

And as to his crucifixion, having been present at Calvary, never would they be able to forget what they had seen and what, consequently, they themselves had undergone. And (b) the fact that Jesus had told the disciples not only once but at least three times in fact, if one adds all the figuratively phrased language, far more often what was going to happen to him and how he of his own accord would lay down his life for his sheep. And since we know that these women could often be seen in the very company of the disciples, the conclusion that from the start they were also in on the Lord s important predictions follows naturally.) And now the messengers from heaven link these two things together the dramatic events that had transpired and of which, to a large extent, the women too had been the witnesses, and the words, the predictions. Yes, the women knew that Jesus had not only referred to his approaching cross but also to his resurrection on the third day. They now remember. They now realize that the Master had not been speaking about the resurrection at the last day but about that which by now had actually occurred.

If they needed any additional memory aid, the empty tomb and the confirming message proceeding from the lips of these heavenly visitors supplied that need, and fully.) 9. Now when they returned from the tomb, they reported all these things to the eleven and to all the rest.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.28.8-40.28.10|AUTODETECT|” Note how Luke abbreviates. Such interesting Easter stories as are related in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.28.8-40.28.10|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 28:8 10) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.28.11-40.28.15|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.28.11-40.28.15|AUTODETECT|” 11 15) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.10-43.20.18|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.10-43.20.18|AUTODETECT|” John 20:10 18) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.24-43.20.29|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.24-43.20.29|AUTODETECT|” 24 29) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.13-42.24.53|AUTODETECT|” ; ch. 21 cannot be found in his Gospel. But, on the other hand, who would want to miss the material contained in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.13-42.24.53|AUTODETECT|” Luke 24:13 53) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 , which, to a large extent, is peculiar to the evangelist?) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.28.7|AUTODETECT|” The women reported to The Eleven, and even to as many of the other disciples of Jesus as they could reach, what had happened. They did what they had been told to do 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.28.7|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 28:7) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.16.7|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.16.7|AUTODETECT|” Mark 16:7) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.28.9|AUTODETECT|” ). And they were rewarded by meeting the risen Lord himself 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.28.9|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 28:9) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.28.10|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.28.10|AUTODETECT|” 10) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ).) 1 1 2 8 0 0 10. Those who told these things to the apostles were, among other women companions, Mary Magdalene, Joanna, and Mary the mother of James.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.27.56|AUTODETECT|” The first two have been discussed in connection with 8:2, 3. And as to Mary the mother of James (the Less), she was probably the wife of Clopas, as a comparison between ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.27.56|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 27:56) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.15.40|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.15.40|AUTODETECT|” Mark 15:40) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.19.25|AUTODETECT|” ; and ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.19.25|AUTODETECT|” John 19:25) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 would seem to indicate. See N.T.C. on John, Vol. II, p. 431.) 1 7 2 8 0 0 Of course, these women were not the only ones who had found the tomb to be empty, and who were addressed by the two men dressed in garments that flashed like lightning. Verse 10 reads among other women companions or even more literally, and the other women with them. ) These women, then, reported their experiences to the apostles.) How was their exciting news received? The answer is found in verse 11:) 11. But these words seemed to the apostles to be nonsense, and so they continued to disbelieve the women.) What makes the Easter story so convincing is that the disciples of Jesus did not at all expect Jesus to arise from the grave. In fact they considered the reports of the women to be sheer nonsense. Yet, after a while, these very men all of them but especially Peter and John are proclaiming the startling news to all and sundry and are willing to face any opposition they may encounter.

For more on 24:11 see on verse 24.) 12. Peter, however, got up and ran to the tomb. Stooping down, he saw the strips of linen (lying) by themselves, and he went home wondering about what had happened.) Some translations e.g., R.S.V. and N.E.B. in their texts omit this passage. It should be retained. On this question see the note on this verse on page 1058.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.1-43.20.10|AUTODETECT|” For the full story see ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.1-43.20.10|AUTODETECT|” John 20:1 10) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 , and for comments consult N.T.C. on John, Vol. II, pp. 447 451.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.7|AUTODETECT|” Alerted by Mary Magdalene, Peter ran to the tomb. When he entered it he noticed that everything was orderly. Though the body of the Lord was no longer present, it was clear that no disciple had been there to remove it, nor had any enemy pillaged it. In either case no bandages or strips of linen would have remained in the sepulchre. Could it be that the Lord had himself removed these wrappings, had in a very orderly fashion placed the linen strips here and the sweatband there, after having neatly folded it 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.7|AUTODETECT|” John 20:7) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ); that next he had provided for himself a garment such as is worn by the living, and had then departed from the tomb gloriously alive? Luke does not say that Peter immediately drew that conclusion. Neither can we find this in the story as reported by John. All we know is that Peter went home wondering about these things.��611��) 1 1 2 8 0 0 ) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.1-42.24.12|AUTODETECT|” Practical Lessons Derived from ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.1-42.24.12|AUTODETECT|” Luke 24:1 12) 1 22 2 8 0 0 Verses 3 and 6) They did not find the body of the Lord Jesus. ) He is not here but is risen. ) The comfort of Christ s resurrection includes the following items:) a. The believer knows that his sins are forgiven, for if the Father had not been satisfied with the atonement rendered by his Son for our sins he would not have raised him from the dead.) b. He knows that he has a Savior who lives evermore to intercede for him, watches over him, governs him by his Spirit, and will one day return to him.) c. He knows that his body, too, will one day rise gloriously, or else will be changed in a moment, in the twinkling of an eye. ) Verse 7) The Son of man must be & crucified, and on the third day rise again. ) Some people make it a habit to come to church once a year, namely, on Easter. Are they forgetting that Christ s resurrection has no value apart from his crucifixion? Only he who, by God s grace, has learned to glory in Christ s death can truly glory in his resurrection.

The cross and the crown must not be separated.) Now cheerful to the house of prayer) Your early footsteps bend;) The Savior will himself be there,) Your Advocate and Friend.) Once by the law your hopes were slain,) But now in Christ ye live again.) Lines from a hymn,) How Calm and Beautiful ) by T. Hastings) ) Notes on Greek Words, Phrases, and Constructions in 24:1 12) Verse 1) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.8.2|AUTODETECT|” D�� 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.8.2|AUTODETECT|” John 8:2) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.21.38|AUTODETECT|” and related forms in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.21.38|AUTODETECT|” Luke 21:38) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.22|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.22|AUTODETECT|” 24:22) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ), gen. of D��, dawn. Cf. origin.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.4.11|AUTODETECT|” ��, gen. of ��, deep. The entire expression D�� means at deep [= early] dawn. For �� see also ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.4.11|AUTODETECT|” John 4:11) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.20.9|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.20.9|AUTODETECT|” Acts 20:9) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.2.24|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.2.24|AUTODETECT|” Rev. 2:24) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.6.48|AUTODETECT|” ; and for the related verb ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.6.48|AUTODETECT|” Luke 6:48) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 .) 1 2 2 8 0 0 ��, synonym of ��; see next verse.) Verse 2) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.28.2|AUTODETECT|” ��, acc. s. masc. perf. pass. participle of ��, to roll away. Cf. ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.28.2|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 28:2) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.16.3|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.16.3|AUTODETECT|” Mark 16:3) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 . Cf. cylinder. See also N.T.C. on Mark, p. 679, including footnote 844.) 1 2 2 8 0 0 ��, gen. s. of ��, tomb, considered as a memorial; related to ��, to remind. For the noun (tomb) see also verse 9; 11:44, 47; 23:55; 24:2, 12, 22, 24. It occurs several times in each of the other Gospels and once in Acts (13:29). See also N.T.C. on Mark, p. 671, footnote 836.) Verse 3) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.0|AUTODETECT|” With this verse a lengthy list of so-called Western non-interpolations in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.0|AUTODETECT|” Luke 24) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 begins. First is the phrase of the Lord Jesus, which is omitted by the Western text (Codex Bezae = D, and including also certain Old Latin Version manuscripts). Other similar Western omissions which those who originally called them Western non-interpolations really considered Neutral interpolations are found in verses 6, 9, 12, 36, 40, 52, 53. On this entire subject one should consult A. T. Robertson, An Introduction to The Textual Criticism of The New Testament, New York, 1925, pp. 225 237; and also B.

M. Metzger, The Text of the New Testament, pp. 132 f., 162, 213 f. Robertson s final verdict (p. 236) was that when the Western text is compared with the Neutral, the Western is right perhaps one time in ten, the Neutral is right nine times in ten. Metzger informs us that the Western text is usually considered to be the result of an undisciplined and wild growth of manuscript tradition and translational activity (p. 213). He states that today extreme positions regarding the Western text find little favor and that most scholars recognize that all of the pre-Koine forms of text deserve a hearing (p. 214).) 1 9 2 8 0 0 As will become clear, as far as faith in the inspired Word of God is concerned, there is no real problem here, for most if not all of these Western omissions relate to words or phrases which, as to essence, are found in the undisputed passages of one or more of the other Gospels or of the book of Acts.) I have not been able to find any solid reasons to exclude from the text of 24:3 the phrase of the Lord Jesus.) Verse 4) For the stylistic form � �� followed by an infinitive, a mode of expression that reminds one of Hebrew writing, see also verses 15 and 30.) ��, pres. pass. infinitive of �� (�� plus ��), literally: to be without a way, means, or resource, to be at a loss what to do, to be perplexed. Cf. �� in 21:25.) ��, third per. pl. aor. (ingress.) indicat. of ��, suddenly to stand by or come upon. See the note on 2:9 on page 160, and the note on 10:40 on page 603. This verb occurs very frequently in Luke Acts.) ��, dat. s. of ��, robe, garment, clothing. Cf. 23:11.) ��, dat. s. fem. pres. participle of ��, to flash like lightning. The entire expression means in flashing [or dazzling] apparel. See also 17:24.) Verse 5) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.10.4|AUTODETECT|” Note genitive absolute: the women being frightened and bowing their faces to the ground. Here �� is gen. pl. 2nd aor. middle participle of ��; and �� is gen. pl. of ��, terrified, frightened. Cf. verse 37; also ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.10.4|AUTODETECT|” Acts 10:4) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.24.25|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.24.25|AUTODETECT|” 24:25) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.11.13|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.11.13|AUTODETECT|” Rev. 11:13) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 .) 1 1 2 8 0 0 Verses 6 and 8) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.28.6|AUTODETECT|” Whatever opinion may prevail with respect to He is not here but is risen, another so-called Western non-interpolation, note the same expression in undoubtedly genuine ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.28.6|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 28:6) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.16.6|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.16.6|AUTODETECT|” Mark 16:6) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 .) 1 11 2 8 0 0 ��, third per. s. aor. pass. of ��; in the pass., to be risen.) ��, sec. per. pl. aor. (ingress.) imperat. pass. of ��, to be reminded of, to remember. For this verb see also on 1:54, 72; 16:25; 23:42. Here, in ch. 24, the third per. pl. aor. indicat. pass. of this verb occurs in verse 8.) Verse 7) ��, 2nd aor. act. infinitive of ��, trans. to raise; intrans., as here, to rise.) Verse 9) Q��, nom. pl. fem. aor. participle of Q��, to return, a verb occurring very often in Luke s writings, very seldom in the rest of the New Testament.) For �� see above, on verse 2.) ��, third per. pl. aor. indicat. of ��, to announce, proclaim, report, tell.) Verse 11) ��, third per. pl. 2nd aor. pass. indicat. of ��, to cause to appear, bring to light; in pass. as here: to appear, seem.) ��, nonsense. Cf. Dutch larie (same meaning).) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.28.24|AUTODETECT|” ��, third per. pl. imperf. indicat. of ��, to disbelieve. See also verse 41. The same word occurs also in Mark s disputed section (16:11, 16), and in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.28.24|AUTODETECT|” Acts 28:24) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.3.3|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.3.3|AUTODETECT|” Rom. 3:3) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=55.2.13|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=55.2.13|AUTODETECT|” II Tim. 2:13) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=60.2.7|AUTODETECT|” ; and ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=60.2.7|AUTODETECT|” I Peter 2:7) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 .) 1 1 2 8 0 0 Verse 12) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.2|AUTODETECT|” This verse is another Western omission or non-interpolation. It is by some regarded to be a later addition, formulated after ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.2|AUTODETECT|” John 20:2) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.12|AUTODETECT|” f. But in that case why is not John s name also mentioned here in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.12|AUTODETECT|” Luke 24:12) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.12|AUTODETECT|” ? Is it not more likely that the omission of John s name caused some copyists to reject the passage? But, again, whatever be the truth with respect to ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.12|AUTODETECT|” Luke 24:12) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.2|AUTODETECT|” , in any case what is here reported actually took place, as ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.2|AUTODETECT|” John 20:2) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.12|AUTODETECT|” f. shows. Besides, the textual attestation in favor of the retention of ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.12|AUTODETECT|” Luke 24:12) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 is by no means weak, as the textual apparatus shows.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.5|AUTODETECT|” ��, nom. s. masc. aor. participle of ��, to stoop beside or down. See also ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.5|AUTODETECT|” John 20:5) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.11|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.11|AUTODETECT|” 11) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=59.1.25|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=59.1.25|AUTODETECT|” James 1:25) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=60.1.12|AUTODETECT|” (to look intently); ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=60.1.12|AUTODETECT|” I Peter 1:12) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 (to look into).) 1 1 2 8 0 0 ��, third per. s. pres. indicat. act., to see.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.19.40|AUTODETECT|” @��, acc. pl. of @��, linen cloth, bandage. Cf. ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.19.40|AUTODETECT|” John 19:40) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.5-43.20.7|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.5-43.20.7|AUTODETECT|” 20:5 7) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 . ��, alone; i.e., by themselves.) 1 10 2 8 0 0 ��x� �� (probably modifies ��), to himself = to his home.) ) 24:13 35 The Appearance of the Risen Christ to Cleopas and His Companion) 13 Now it so happened that on that very day two of them were going to a village called Emmaus, about eleven kilometers��612�� from Jerusalem. 14 They were conversing with each other concerning all these things that had taken place. 15 While they were conversing and discussing together, Jesus also himself drew near and began to walk along with them, 16 but their eyes were being kept from recognizing him. 17 He asked them, What are these words that you are exchanging with each other as you are walking along? They stood still, looking glum. 18 Finally one of them, named Cleopas, asked him, Are you the only one so strange in Jerusalem that you did not get to know the things that have occurred there these days? 19 What things? he asked. They told him, The things concerning Jesus of Nazareth, who was a prophet mighty in word and deed, 20 and how our chief priests and rulers delivered him up to be sentenced to death, and crucified him. 21 But we were hoping that he was the one who was going to redeem Israel. Moreover, besides all this, it is now the third day since these things took place. 22 Some of our women, though, startled us.��613�� They went to the tomb early this morning, 23 and not finding his body, they came and were saying that they had even seen a vision of angels, who affirmed that he was alive. 24 Then some of those who were with us went to the tomb, and found it exactly as the women had said, but him they did not see. ) 25 Jesus said to them, O foolish men, and slow of heart to believe everything that the prophets have spoken! 26 Was it not necessary for the Christ to suffer these things and to enter into his glory? 27 And beginning with Moses and with all the prophets he interpreted to them in all the Scriptures the things concerning himself.) 28 Then they drew near to the village to which they were going, and he acted as though he would go farther. 29 But they strongly urged him, saying, Stay with us, for it is (getting) toward evening, and the day is almost over. So he went in to stay with them.) 30 Now as he was reclining at table with them, he took the bread,��614�� blessed it, broke it, and began to give it to them. 31 Then their eyes were instantly opened, and they recognized him, but he vanished from their sight.��615�� 32 And they said to each other, Were not our hearts burning within us while he was talking to us on the way, while he was opening the Scripture to us? ) 33 At once they got up and went back to Jerusalem, and they found the eleven and those with them gathered together, 34 saying, The Lord has risen indeed and has appeared to Simon. 35 Then the two themselves began to relate what had happened on the way, and how Jesus had been made known to them in the breaking of the bread.) ) Did the Resurrected Savior appear in Jerusalem, in Galilee, or in both places?) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.21.0|AUTODETECT|” The problem arises from the circumstance that while Matt. (see 28:7, 10, 16 20), Mark (see 16:7), and ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.21.0|AUTODETECT|” John 21) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.0|AUTODETECT|” (see verses 1 23) picture Christ s appearances as having occurred in Galilee, on the other hand Luke (24:13 43 or even 24:13 53), ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.0|AUTODETECT|” John 20) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 (see verses 11 29), and Acts (see 1:4 9) mention only Jerusalem and its vicinity as the place where the appearances occurred.) 1 2 2 8 0 0 The conclusion has been drawn that these conflicting (?) accounts are based on two irreconcilable traditions. If the one is chosen, the other must be rejected. The Galilee theory has been endorsed by C. H. Weisse, T. Keim, C. von Weizs�cker, W. Brandt, P. Rohrach, A. von Harnack, P. W. Schmiedel, A. Meyer, K. Lake, etc.; the Jerusalem theory by A. Hilgenfeld, F. Loofs, F. Spitta, Joh. Weiss, A. Schweitzer, F. C. Burkitt, etc.) However, as has been pointed out by several authors, the theory of conflict is open to serious objections, including the following:) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.28.9|AUTODETECT|” a. ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.28.9|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 28:9) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 shows that this Gospel recognizes at least one appearance that occurred in the Jerusalem region.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.0|AUTODETECT|” b. The early church allowed both ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.0|AUTODETECT|” John 20) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 and 21 to stand, without seeing any conflict.) 1 1 2 8 0 0 c. Luke, as so often, abbreviates. Besides, limitation of space may have prevented him from writing more than he did. There was, after all, a limit to the length of a papyrus roll. So he may have restricted himself to appearances in the Jerusalem region. But is it certain that all of 24:13 53 refers to Jerusalem? Could not some of 24:44 48 have been spoken in Galilee?) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.1.3|AUTODETECT|” d. Neither ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.1.3|AUTODETECT|” Acts 1:3) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=46.15.1-46.15.8|AUTODETECT|” nor ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=46.15.1-46.15.8|AUTODETECT|” I Cor. 15:1 8) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 forces us to believe that the appearances of the Risen Lord were confined to any one particular city or region. They rather confirm the view that he appeared to a very wide circle and perhaps even in more than one place.) 1 8 2 8 0 0 Though several articles have been written on this controversy, I shall mention just one treatise, the best of them all, as far as I can judge. It is the doctoral dissertation on this very question by H. Holtrop, De Verschijningen Onzes Heeren Te Jeruzalem En in Galilea, Amsterdam, 1947. See especially pp. 22, 65, 71, 137, 138, 143, 194, 231, and 234. Holtrop, too, sees no real conflict.) A. Easter Tragedy) 13, 14.

Now it so happened that on that very day two of them were going to a village called Emmaus, about eleven kilometers [about seven miles] from Jerusalem. They were conversing with each other concerning all these things that had taken place.) Up to this point Luke has reported the empty tomb, the message of the two men in dazzling robes , and Peter s visit to the tomb. He has not yet reported any appearance of the Risen Christ. Such an account follows now. It is a stirring and vivid report of the appearance of the Risen Savior to two men who belonged to the wider circle of disciples.) On the day of the resurrection these two were walking from Jerusalem (see verse 33) to their home in Emmaus. Although it is not specifically stated that they lived there, this can be considered a reasonable inference from verses 28, 29.) Except for the statement in the text that Emmaus was located sixty stadia from Jerusalem, the location of this place is unknown.

The identification of Emmaus with Anwas, more than thirty kilometers (about nineteen miles) WNW of Jerusalem is highly improbable, since it is hard to imagine that the two men covered twice that distance on foot that afternoon-evening.) As they were walking, they were talking to each other about all the things that had taken place; that is, about Jesus crucifixion and the report of some women that had been to the tomb, had found it empty, and had received a message from angels, who affirmed that he was alive (verse 23).) 15, 16. While they were conversing and discussing together, Jesus also himself drew near and began to walk along with them, but their eyes were being kept from recognizing him.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.16.12|AUTODETECT|” Suddenly footsteps were heard behind them, those of Jesus. He was catching up with them and presently was walking alongside of them. In a manner not here explained Jesus appearing in another form? 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.16.12|AUTODETECT|” Mark 16:12) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.28.17|AUTODETECT|” ); divine restraining action? the two men were being kept from recognizing the stranger. Cf. ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.28.17|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 28:17) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.14|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.14|AUTODETECT|” John 20:14) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.21.4|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.21.4|AUTODETECT|” 21:4) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 .) 1 4 2 8 0 0 17. He asked them, What are these words that you are exchanging with each other as you are walking along? They stood still, looking glum.) The unrecognized intruder now asked them a question. During his public ministry Jesus had often used this method of approach (6:3, 9; 8:30; 9:18; 18:40, 41; 20:3, 4, 41 44; 22:35, etc.). He did not ask because he lacked knowledge. He asked to arouse interest, so that he would have an opportunity to explain what those questioned needed to know.) When the two men heard this question, they stood still, as if the question, if not even highly improper, certainly was very unexpected.

They looked sad, for the happenings of the last few days had filled their hearts and minds with sorrow and a feeling of disappointment.) 18. Finally, one of them, named Cleopas, asked him, Are you the only one so strange in Jerusalem that you did not get to know the things that have occurred there these days?) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.19.25|AUTODETECT|” Probably after an embarrassing pause one of the two men started to answer. His name was Cleopas, but there is not any good reason to identify him with the Clopas of ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.19.25|AUTODETECT|” John 19:25) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 . His answer was in the form of a counter-question. He wanted to know whether the intruder was the only stranger in, or visitor to, Jerusalem who had managed to remain completely uninformed about matters that were on everybody s lips.) 1 5 2 8 0 0 19, 20. What things? he asked.) With marvelous psychological tact Jesus gives Cleopas a full opportunity to unburden himself.) Continued: They told him, The things concerning Jesus of Nazareth, who was a prophet mighty in word and deed, and how our chief priests and rulers delivered him up to be sentenced to death, and crucified him.) Here note the following:) a. Jesus of Nazareth.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.27.16|AUTODETECT|” Cleopas and his companion were convinced that the stranger who had joined them was very uninformed. So, the mere answer Jesus would not do. After all, there must have been several people by that name, living at that very time, earlier or later. There was, for example, Jesus Barabbas 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.27.16|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 27:16) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 reading), Jesus the son of Sirach, etc. In certain ethnic communities even today not a few boys are called Jesus. So, they deemed it necessary to add of Nazareth. ) 1 1 2 8 0 0 b. a prophet mighty in word and deed.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=5.18.15|AUTODETECT|” They were certainly right in so describing Jesus. See ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=5.18.15|AUTODETECT|” Deut. 18:15) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=5.18.18|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=5.18.18|AUTODETECT|” 18) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.7.16|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.7.16|AUTODETECT|” Luke 7:16) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.4.19|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.4.19|AUTODETECT|” John 4:19) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.4.44|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.4.44|AUTODETECT|” 44) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.9.17|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.9.17|AUTODETECT|” 9:17) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.3.22|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.3.22|AUTODETECT|” Acts 3:22) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.7.37|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.7.37|AUTODETECT|” 7:37) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 .) 1 1 2 8 0 0 c. how our chief priests and rulers delivered him up.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.19.11|AUTODETECT|” Not how Pilate and the Romans did this. The two men placed the main blame exactly where it belonged, namely, on the chief priests and rulers of the Jews. This is not anti-Semitism. It is simply a true reflection of historical fact. To be sure, both the Jewish leaders and the Romans were guilty, but the chief responsibility and therefore also the heavier guilt rested on the Jews 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.19.11|AUTODETECT|” John 19:11) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ).) 1 6 2 8 0 0 The speech continued as follows: 21. But we were hoping that he was the one who was going to redeem Israel.) There are those who interpret this to mean: We were hoping that he was the one who would bring about the redemption of Israel by the payment of a ransom of blood; that is, by his death. It may well be doubted, however, that these men note how Jesus describes them in verse 25 were so far advanced in their theology. Besides, words have histories. The basic meaning deliverance through the payment of a ransom does not necessarily remain the only meaning. Probably the most favorable construction we can place on the words of Cleopas and his companion is this: We were hoping that he was the one who, in some way, would deliver Israel from its woes, both spiritual and political.

Cf. 1:74.) They were hoping, but the flame of hope had almost been extinguished, as is clear from the continuation: Moreover, besides all this, it is now the third day since these things took place. As if to say, Even after Jesus was crucified we entertained some hope that God might suddenly intervene and send deliverance. But it did not happen, not on the first day, nor on the second, and now it is already the third day, and still no change for the better & and yet, and yet here a tiny flicker of hope begins to drive away the night of total darkness and despair:) 22 24. Some of our women, though, startled us. They went to the tomb early this morning, and, not finding his body, they came and were saying that they had even seen a vision of angels, who affirmed that he was alive.) This shows that the report of the women to The Eleven had already been spreading. There must have been a rather close relationship between the inner and the wider circle of disciples.

And no wonder, when the news was so startling. It was too exciting not to be told.) Continued: Then some of those who were with us went to the tomb, and found it exactly as the women had said, but him they did not see.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.1-43.20.10|AUTODETECT|” The two men were probably thinking of Peter and John, for they were the ones who had gone to the tomb and had found everything exactly as the women had reported, but had not seen the Risen Savior. See above, on verse 12 and see also ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.1-43.20.10|AUTODETECT|” John 20:1 10) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 . Cf. N.T.C. on John, Vol. II, pp. 468 470. So now Cleopas and his companion are bewildered. They don t know what to make of it.) 1 9 2 8 0 0 When we now briefly review the situation that existed very early on Easter morning and continued well into the day, we notice that despair had taken over; yes, despair and bewilderment.) 1. The Women) See these women trudging sorrowfully through the streets of Jerusalem very early Sunday morning. While The Eleven are in deep mourning and despair, Thomas resembling a man who is caught in the midst of an earthquake, the very ground under his feet caving in; Peter overwhelmed with remorse; John tenderly caring for the woman with the tempest-tossed soul (Mary); while night was settled upon these eleven men, what are these women going to do? Is it their design to welcome the Risen Lord? Not in the least. The cross has blasted their hopes.

The grave has buried them forever. They come & to anoint a dead body, the corpse of Jesus of Nazareth, their Friend and Helper.) Never was there a more dejected, disappointed, crushed group of women! Their experience is, perhaps, best described in that well-known poem:) Now he is dead, far hence he lies) In that lorn Syrian town;) And on his grave with shining eyes) The Syrian stars look down.) 2. Mary, the Mother of the Lord) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.2.35|AUTODETECT|” She too was in the grip of cold winter. A sword was piercing through her soul 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.2.35|AUTODETECT|” Luke 2:35) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ) as she saw her own son, her first-born, dying the death of a condemned criminal. A feeling of overwhelming sadness takes possession of a person whenever he reads the lines of that ancient hymn describing Mary s tears, Stabat Mater. See pp. 170, 171. For her, too, the Cross was the Farewell to Hope, and this in more ways than one.) 1 1 2 8 0 0 3. The Eleven) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.19|AUTODETECT|” Their Master & gone. Their friend and what a Friend! departed. Their plans wrecked. Their hopes shattered. They are perplexed, baffled. They despair. Like men whose none too sturdy vessel is frozen solid in the Arctic ice pack, with ice, ice, ice, cold, bleak, barren, stretching in every direction for hundreds of miles. Ice, screeching, roaring, grinding. Will they ever see their dear ones again? Abandon hope, all ye who enter here! Or to change the figure they resemble individuals who have been condemned to die and are pining away in some gloomy, dreadful prison hole, knowing that the best they can expect is the arrival of the executioner. See ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.19|AUTODETECT|” John 20:19) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 , their doors were shut for fear of the Jews. Jesus of Nazareth & Crucified & that was the Farewell to hope!) 1 9 2 8 0 0 Am I exaggerating? Was there not so much as a ray of hope shining through the clouds of gloom and despair? A half-conscious expectation that somehow light would arise out of darkness, that the night would make room for the dawn, that & perhaps & the Master might even & rise again? Read the account for yourself:) And the & women & told these things to the apostles. But these words seemed to the apostles to be nonsense, and so they continued to disbelieve the women. ) The other disciples therefore said to Thomas, We have seen the Lord. But he said unto them, Except I shall see in his hands the print of the nails, and put my finger into the print of the nails and put my hand into his side, I will not believe. ) Not one of The Eleven expected Jesus to arise from the grave.

That thought was farthest removed from their minds. Jesus was dead. He was gone! Those happy days of close fellowship and intimate association with the Great Prophet of Nazareth would never return.) 4. Cleopas and His Companion) These two friends of Jesus are returning to Emmaus. It is springtime.

Yet they hear not the singing of birds. They see not the awakening of Nature. With lagging feet, under leaden skies, they continue on their way home & home from a funeral! A dear one has been buried. Jesus of Nazareth. Yes, stranger, we hoped that he was the One who would redeem Israel.

Moreover, the darkness was no help. But undoubtedly the main reason why the two men urged Jesus to stay with them was that they had become enamored of him. At the moment when the Savior had first joined them, they were probably not at all pleased to have this stranger intrude on them. But by now, for a very understandable reason, they could not think of letting him go. So, he allowed himself to be persuaded. And having entered their home, the two even honored their unknown but very remarkable guest by asking him to perform the duties of a host.) 30, 31.

Now as he was reclining at table with them, he took the bread, blessed it, broke it, and began to give it to them. Then their eyes were instantly opened, and they recognized him, but he vanished from their sight.) How was it that in the breaking of the bread they suddenly recognized him? Did they see the marks of the nails in his hands? Was it the manner in which he broke the bread and gave it to them that opened their eyes? Or was it the way he spoke to his Father that refreshed their memories? Whatever may be the answer, the body of his resurrection now possessed qualities enabling him to appear at will and also, as here, to vanish at will.

So, almost before they fully realized what had happened, he was gone.) 32. And they said to each other, Were not our hearts burning within us while he was talking to us on the way, while he was opening the Scriptures to us?) Their exclamation is understandable. They reflect on the manner in which their hearts had been warmed, their spirits illumined, their hope revived when the man who was now no longer a stranger had explained to them that which before they had never understood. Also, now they know that the women had been right after all. Far from talking nonsense, they had spoken the truth. And how kind, how absolutely wonderful was it that the Christ had singled them out for receiving the privilege of having the Scriptures opened to them, so that they now understood as they had never understood before.

So filled are these two men with joy that they must needs tell others. Have they already walked seven miles? Then seven more miles. Was it dark and dangerous? All of that means nothing now. This news is so electrifying and reassuring that the other disciples must know about it.

Not tomorrow but tonight.) 33 35. At once they got up and went back to Jerusalem, and they found the eleven and those with them gathered together, saying, The Lord has risen indeed and has appeared to Simon. Then the two themselves began to relate what had happened on the way, and how Jesus had been made known to them in the breaking of the bread.) Note the following:) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=12.7.9|AUTODETECT|” a. The resolution to start out at once on their seven-mile return trip to Jerusalem, because the news they wished to share with others was so astounding, reminds us of the four lepers of Samaria who said, We are not doing right. This day is a day of good news & now therefore let us go and tell & 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=12.7.9|AUTODETECT|” II Kings 7:9) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ).) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.24|AUTODETECT|” b. And they found the eleven. The expression the eleven is a technical term for the group. It does not mean that all eleven were actually present. We know that one, namely Thomas, was not 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.24|AUTODETECT|” John 20:24) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ).) 1 2 2 8 0 0 c. What had brought the inner circle of disciples together was probably the report of the women and Christ s appearance to Peter.) d. It is remarkable that the two men of Emmaus knew exactly where they could find The Eleven. That confirms our opinion, expressed earlier, that there was a very close relation between the inner and the wider circle of disciples.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=46.15.5|AUTODETECT|” e. Note the drama of the situation. We picture it as follows: The two men, having completed their seven-mile trip was it about 9 o clock by now? arrive at the door of the room in which The Eleven (and probably others with them) are gathered. When the door opens, they are ready to shout the news. But before they even get a chance they hear the blessed tiding, The Lord has risen indeed and has appeared to Simon. Cf. ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=46.15.5|AUTODETECT|” I Cor. 15:5) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 .) 1 2 2 8 0 0 f. Finally, they too get a chance to tell their story. What an asking and answering of questions! What ecstasy! What a foretaste of joy unspeakable and full of glory !) A new beginning! Light in the darkness! Life conquering death! The Lord is risen indeed! Here all changes. The Cross, the very instrument of despair, becomes an object of glory. The resurrection of Jesus Christ from the dead is the source of a living hope. Listen to the message of exuberant joy, praise, and thanksgiving. Hear it from the lips of one who experienced the deepest darkness of despair and remorse. Says Peter:) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=60.1.3|AUTODETECT|” Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, who according to his great mercy gave us new birth into a living hope through the resurrection of Jesus Christ from the dead 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=60.1.3|AUTODETECT|” I Peter 1:3) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ).) 1 3 2 8 0 0 Gave us new birth into a living hope. Now Peter can smile again. We can all be happy once more. A living hope, living, real, a desire plus expectation plus conviction that our lives here are not in vain. A hope not based upon legend or fancy but upon the immovable Rock of Christ s resurrection from the grave. The apostles proclaim the resurrection because they cannot do anything else.

The proof was too clear!) He lives. Hence, life is worth living. Hence, all things work together for good to them that love God. Hence, we too shall live. Hence, the curse is going to be removed from the universe and we expect a new heaven and a new earth. All the darkness is dispelled.

Hope lives again.) A stream of light descends from veiled skies: an angel mighty and terrible arrives. His appearance is as lightning and his garments white as snow. And the angel says:) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.28.5|AUTODETECT|” Don t you be afraid, for I know that you are looking for Jesus, who was crucified. He is not here, for he has been raised just as he said 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.28.5|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 28:5) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.28.6|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.28.6|AUTODETECT|” 6) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ). He is risen & and hope is revived.) 1 1 2 8 0 0 The bodily resurrection of Jesus is a historical fact. How absurd are the theories of those who deny it:) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.28.11-40.28.15|AUTODETECT|” a. The disciples stole the body. See ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.28.11-40.28.15|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 28:11 15) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 . That this attempt to solve the problem of the empty tomb is indeed absurd has been shown in N.T.C. on Matthew, pp. 995 996.) 1 4 2 8 0 0 b. An enemy removed it. But in that case it would have been easy to disprove the claim of the Christians. The opponents of Christ and of the Christian religion could then have produced the body, to show that Jesus had not risen from the grave.) c. The first so-called witnesses were afflicted with mass hallucinations. The question is whether such mass hallucinations are even possible.

Besides, it should be emphasized that none of the disciples expected Jesus to rise from the grave. Therefore, they were not psychologically prepared for hallucinations of this nature. They did not expect a resurrection. When they heard that it had occurred, they refused to believe it & until the evidence became so strong that they were willing to sacrifice their very lives in the defense of this great truth. Many actually did.) There is only one solution which satisfies, being in accord with all the other known facts and circumstances, and which also helps to explain the strength and rapid growth of the church. That solution is: the Gospels are telling the truth.

Hallelujah, Christ arose!��619��) ) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.13-42.24.35|AUTODETECT|” Practical Lessons Derived from ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.13-42.24.35|AUTODETECT|” Luke 24:13 35) 1 3 2 8 0 0 Verses 17 and 25) They stood still, looking glum. ) O foolish men, and slow of heart to believe everything that the prophets have spoken. ) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=19.119.77|AUTODETECT|” These men missed the joy of salvation because they failed to pay enough attention to, and to believe, the word of prophecy in its entirety. Those who neglect the study of God s Word do not realize how much they miss. No wonder they look glum. See ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=19.119.77|AUTODETECT|” Ps. 119:77) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=19.119.103|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=19.119.103|AUTODETECT|” 103) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=19.119.119|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=19.119.119|AUTODETECT|” 119) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 .) 1 13 2 8 0 0 Verses 27 and 32) He interpreted to them in all the Scriptures the things concerning himself. ) Were not our hearts burning within us while he was talking to us on the way, while he was opening the Scriptures to us? ) Only when we see how all the Scriptures are centered in Christ, as the revelation of the Triune God, so that in the Old Testament everything points forward to him, and in the New everything proceeds from him, will we be able to understand the Bible.) Verse 33) They found the eleven and those with them gathered together. ) The fellowship of God s children should be encouraged.) Verse 34) The Lord has risen indeed! ) Spiritual appropriation of the comfort imparted by the doctrine of the resurrection leads to exclamations, doxologies, and songs of praise. It is by means of such expressions that the church grows inwardly and outwardly.) ) Notes on Greek Words, Phrases, and Constructions in 24:13 35) Verses 14, 15) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.20.11|AUTODETECT|” a��, third per. pl. imperf. (vivid, progress.) indicat. of A��**, to be associated with, converse with; only here in verses 14, 15; and in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.20.11|AUTODETECT|” Acts 20:11) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.24.26|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.24.26|AUTODETECT|” 24:26) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 . Cf. homiletics.) 1 2 2 8 0 0 ��, gen. pl. neut. perf. participle of ��, to step together; hence, to occur, happen.) For �� see the note on 22:23 on page 969.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.10.1|AUTODETECT|” ��, third per. s. imperf. (here inchoat.) of ��, to come, go, or walk along with. See also 7:11; 14:25; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.10.1|AUTODETECT|” Mark 10:1) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 .) 1 7 2 8 0 0 Verse 16) ��, third per. pl. imperf. (iterat. or progress.) indic. pass. of ��, to be strong, lay hold on, hold, hold back, restrain; pass., as here, to be held back, be restrained, be kept (from).) �� may be considered a redundant negative, after a verb of hindering.) ��, 2nd aor. act. infinitive of ��, here in the sense of to recognize; so also in verse 31, where the third per. pl. aor. (effect.) indicat. act. is used.) Verse 17) ��, sec. per. pl. pres. indicat. of ��, to throw in turn, throw back and forth, to exchange (words). There is no good reason to interpret �� here as meaning against. The verb belongs to that group of �� compounds in which the prefix indicates substitution in its most comprehensive sense; here with submeaning of reciprocity: they are throwing words back and forth like a ball.) ��, third per. pl. aor. indicat. pass. of 5��, to cause to stand, place; in pass., as here, to stand.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.6.16|AUTODETECT|” ��, nom. pl. masc. adj. of ��, gloomy, glum. See also ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.6.16|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 6:16) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 . The word is derived from �� plus d�; hence: of a gloomy countenance, or, as we would say: looking glum.) 1 2 2 8 0 0 Verse 18) ��245, alone, pred. adject. here; as if are you dwelling alone & ? ) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.11.9|AUTODETECT|” ��, sec. per. s. pres. indicat. of �� (= �� plus �6��), to occupy a house by the side of, to reside as a stranger or alien, to sojourn. In the New Testament this verb is found only here and in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.11.9|AUTODETECT|” Heb. 11:9) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.7.6|AUTODETECT|” . Abraham sojourned. He lived as an alien, a stranger in a strange land. For a cognate noun see ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.7.6|AUTODETECT|” Acts 7:6) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=49.2.19|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=49.2.19|AUTODETECT|” Eph. 2:19) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=60.2.11|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=60.2.11|AUTODETECT|” I Peter 2:11) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.13.17|AUTODETECT|” ; and for still another see ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.13.17|AUTODETECT|” Acts 13:17) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=60.1.17|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=60.1.17|AUTODETECT|” I Peter 1:17) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 .) 1 7 2 8 0 0 ��, sec. per. s. 2nd aor. indicat. act. of ��, to know. The aor. may be accounted for as follows: Have you not heard, ascertained, found out, discovered? Hence, Did you not get to know? ) Verse 20) ��, sentence; see the note on 23:40 on page 1041.) Verse 21) Note emphatic !��: we ourselves, we on our part.) ��, first per. pl. imperf. (progress.) indicat. of ��, to hope.) ��, pres. middle infinitive of ��, to redeem (by or for oneself).) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=50.3.8|AUTODETECT|” �� & ��, note heavy use of particles: moreover, besides all this. For a somewhat similar heaping up of particles see N.T.C. on ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=50.3.8|AUTODETECT|” Phil. 3:8) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 (p. 162, footnote 140 in that volume).) 1 9 2 8 0 0 Note idiomatic use of impersonal ��; perhaps in the sense of to spend or to keep. The exact meaning here is difficult to determine; perhaps: One is keeping this, the third day. The resultant meaning must be something on the order of This is now the third day. ) Verse 22) ��, third per. pl. aor. act. of ��, to knock out (of their senses), to astonish, amaze, startle.) �� @��, lit. having been early ones (at the tomb). We would say, They went to the tomb early this morning. Cf. 24:1.) Verse 23) �Q��, nom. pl. fem. 2nd aor. act. participle of �Q��, to find. ��, same, except pres. instead of 2nd aor., to say.) ��, perf. infinitive of A��, to see.) ��, pres. infinitive of ��, to live. Hence, literally: The women, not having found his body, came saying that they had also seen a vision of angels, who are saying that he is alive. ) Verse 25) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=48.3.1|AUTODETECT|” ��, not knowing, unintelligent, foolish. Cf. ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=48.3.1|AUTODETECT|” Gal. 3:1) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 , O foolish Galatians. ) 1 5 2 8 0 0 ��, nom. pl. masc. of ��, slow, stupid.) Verse 26) ��, third per. s. imperf. of ��, it is necessary (that), one must, has to. So here, preceded by �P��, Was it not necessary & ? ) Note the two 2nd aor. infinitives: �� (from ��, to suffer) and �0�� (from �0��, to enter); the first progressive, the second ingressive.) Verse 27) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.14.12|AUTODETECT|” ��, third per. aor. (effect.) act. indicat. of ��, to interpret, explain. Cf. hermeneutics, Hermes 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.14.12|AUTODETECT|” Acts 14:12) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ).) 1 4 2 8 0 0 Verse 28) $��, third per. pl. aor. indicat. of ��, intrans., to approach.) ��, third per. s. aor. indicat. middle of ��, to make or act as though.) Verse 29) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.16.15|AUTODETECT|” ��, third per. pl. aor. indicat. of ��; in the New Testament only here and in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.16.15|AUTODETECT|” Acts 16:15) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 (cf. ��, force), to strongly urge, constrain, prevail upon.) 1 1 2 8 0 0 ��, sec. per. s. aor. imperat. of ��, to stay, remain, abide. This is a word of frequent occurrence in the New Testament, especially in the writings of Luke and John.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.4.3|AUTODETECT|” ��, acc. s. of ��, evening. Cf. vesper. It is also found in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.4.3|AUTODETECT|” Acts 4:3) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.28.23|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.28.23|AUTODETECT|” 28:23) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 .) 1 4 2 8 0 0 ��, third per. s. perf. indicat. act. of ��, trans., to bend, bow, lay down; intrans., to be far spent, be almost over (of the day), the sun having nearly gone down. Cf. incline, decline.) Verse 30) For the idiom � �� followed by infinitive see above, on verse 4.) For synonyms of the verb �� see the note on 11:37 on page 645; also see the note on 9:12 on page 484.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.27.15|AUTODETECT|” ��, third per. s. imperf. (inchoative) indicat. act. of ��, to give (something to someone). In ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.27.15|AUTODETECT|” Acts 27:15) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 to give up or surrender to (the wind), to allow oneself to be driven (by the wind).) 1 1 2 8 0 0 Verses 31, 32) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.7.34|AUTODETECT|” Note the two forms of the verb ��: in verse 31 the third per. pl. aor. indicat. pass.; in verse 32 the third per. s. imperf. indicat. act. Their eyes were opened & he was opening the Scriptures. Perhaps basically the verb meant: to open up through and through (note prefixes �� and ��). But in the course of time such prefixes began to lose some of their force. In the New Testament, with one exception 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.7.34|AUTODETECT|” Mark 7:34) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ), this verb is confined to Luke Acts.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.5.15|AUTODETECT|” �� &�, third per. s. periphrastic imperf. indicat. middle of ��; here and in 12:35, to burn; in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.5.15|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 5:15) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 , to kindle. In the remaining New Testament passages the idea of burning or consuming something with fire predominates. Cf. caustic, holocaust.) 1 11 2 8 0 0 ��, third per. s. imperf. indicat. act. of ��, a sound-imitation (onomatopoeia) resembling the inarticulate attempt of babies to communicate and the chirping of birds; hence, basically to chatter; then, in general, to talk, speak. Cf. lullaby. The word occurs in every New Testament book except Galatians, II Thessalonians, II Timothy, and Philemon.) Verse 33) ��, acc. pl. masc. perf. (here predicate) pass. participle of ��*, to collect, gather; realted to ��, noise. Cf. drone, threnody.) Verse 34) D��, really, indeed, surely. See the note on 23:47 on page 1041.) d��, third per. s. aor. pass. indicat. of the very common verb A��, to see; in pass. to be seen, to appear, seem. The same form occurs here in 24:34 as in 1:11 and in 22:43.

Here, in 24:34, it is the Risen Lord who appears; in the other two passages it is an angel.) Verse 35) ��, third per. pl. imperf. (probably inchoat.) indicat. middle of ��. This verb is composed of � plus !��; therefore basically: to lead out or lead off (the conversation or the narrative), to relate, recount, narrate, tell. Cf. exegesis.) ��, dat. of ��, breaking; cf. ��, to break.) ) 24:36 49 The Appearance of the Risen Christ to the Apostles, etc.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.16.14|AUTODETECT|” Cf. ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.16.14|AUTODETECT|” Mark 16:14) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.19-43.20.23|AUTODETECT|” (part of The Ending); ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.19-43.20.23|AUTODETECT|” John 20:19 23) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ��622��) 1 7 2 8 0 0 36 Then, while they were saying these things, he himself stood among them and said to them, Peace (be) with you. ��620��) 37 Startled and frightened, they thought they were seeing a ghost.) 38 But he said to them, Why are you troubled, and why are doubts arising in your hearts? 39 See my hands and my feet, that it is I myself. Handle me and see, for a ghost does not have flesh and bones as you see me having. ) 40 After he had said this he showed them his hands and his feet.��621�� 41 And while they continued in a state of disbelief for joy, and were filled with amazement, he said to them, Do you have anything here to eat? 42 So they gave him a piece of broiled fish, 43 and he took it and ate it in their presence.) 44 And he said to them:) These (are) my words that I spoke to you while I was still with you, that all that is written about me in the law of Moses and the prophets and the psalms must be fulfilled. 45 Then he opened their minds to (enable them to) understand the Scriptures. 46 He told them, Thus it is written that the Christ should suffer and rise again from the dead on the third day, 47 and that conversion and forgiveness of sins should be preached in his name to all the nations, beginning from Jerusalem. 48 You are witnesses of these things. 49 Moreover, note well, I am sending upon you what my Father promised; but remain in the city until you are clothed with power from on high. ) ) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.36-42.24.49|AUTODETECT|” Does what is found in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.36-42.24.49|AUTODETECT|” Luke 24:36 49) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 pertain to one appearance, namely, on Easter evening, or must this section be divided (perhaps at verse 44), with the resulting conclusion that what is found in verses 36 43 pertains to that Sunday evening, but what is found in verses 44 49 pertains to a later appearance, or later appearances?) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.21-43.20.23|AUTODETECT|” Opinions are rather sharply divided, Geldenhuys being among those who favor the division of the section at verse 44. According to this view, from that verse on Luke records a number of important announcements made by the Risen Lord to his disciples during the forty days before his ascension (op. cit., p. 641). Lenski, on the other hand, favors the opposite view, on the basis of what he considers the correspondence of ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.21-43.20.23|AUTODETECT|” John 20:21 23) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 with this passage [verses 44 49] in Luke (op. cit., p. 755).) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.21-43.20.23|AUTODETECT|” I find it rather difficult to decide this question. The reason I incline toward the view of Geldenhuys is that I cannot see that there is such a close correspondence between these particular verses (44 49) in Luke and ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.21-43.20.23|AUTODETECT|” John 20:21 23) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.49|AUTODETECT|” . Also I do see a very close resemblance between ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.49|AUTODETECT|” Luke 24:49) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.1.4|AUTODETECT|” and ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.1.4|AUTODETECT|” Acts 1:4) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 , which reports that moments before Jesus ascended to heaven, He commanded them not to leave Jerusalem, but to wait for what the Father had promised. If this be correct, we could indeed with Geldenhuys view verses 44 49 as containing various sayings of our Lord to be ascribed indefinitely to the forty days before the ascension, and then possibly assign the last of these verses (verse 49) to the final day, the very day of the ascension.) 1 3 2 8 0 0 But, interpreted either way, verses 44 49, as well as those immediately preceding, must be considered as being very precious sayings of our Lord, worthy of diligent study.) Luke has arranged his account climactically. In verses 1 12 he has reported the empty tomb and the message of the angels, He is risen. In verses 13 35 he has related the appearance of Jesus himself to the men who were walking from Jerusalem to Emmaus, and (separately) to Simon Peter. Now, here in verses 36 49 he describes the appearance of the Risen Lord to an entire group.) 36. Then, while they were saying these things, he himself stood among them and said to them, peace (be) with you.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.19|AUTODETECT|” It is Easter Sunday, late in the evening. Ten of the apostles, the men from Emmaus, and perhaps others, are gathered in a house somewhere in Jerusalem. For fear of the Jews the doors are locked 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.19|AUTODETECT|” John 20:19) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=46.15.35-46.15.38|AUTODETECT|” ). All of a sudden Jesus is standing right in their midst. How he entered we do not know. All we know is that the resurrection body must have certain properties which do not pertain to the body of humiliation. On this see also ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=46.15.35-46.15.38|AUTODETECT|” I Cor. 15:35 38) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 .) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=49.2.14-49.2.18|AUTODETECT|” Not only is the Risen Lord standing here, right among them, but he also, to put them at rest, says, Peace (be) with you. When these words flow from his lips they must not be interpreted as a mere How do you do? The reference is to the peace which Jesus had obtained for all his people by his death on the cross. See ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=49.2.14-49.2.18|AUTODETECT|” Eph. 2:14 18) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=50.4.7|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=50.4.7|AUTODETECT|” Phil. 4:7) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 .) 1 15 2 8 0 0 37. Startled and frightened, they thought they were seeing a ghost.) One might ask, But how can it be explained that the men from Emmaus were so startled and frightened, since only a few hours ago they had been conversing with Jesus? And how was it that Peter, to whom the Lord had also already appeared this very day, was so surprised and so filled with fear? ) The sudden character of the appearance, and the fact that no one had seen Jesus enter the room all at once, there he was, as if he had materialized out of thin air may well account for these reactions on the part of the disciples.) 38 40. But he said to them, Why are you troubled, and why are doubts arising in your hearts? See my hands and my feet, that it is I myself. Handle me and see, for a ghost does not have flesh and bones as you see me having. after he had said this he showed them his hands and his feet.) When Jesus notices that these men are still filled with fear and doubt, he directs their attention to his hands and feet.

He shows them these bodily members. John has his hands and his side. What Jesus wants them to see is undoubtedly the stigmata, the marks of his crucifixion. It is, of course, impossible for us, who do not as yet possess the resurrection body, to understand how it was possible for the body of Jesus to be, on the one hand, so unlike our present bodies that he was able to enter a room without opening either a door or a window; yet, on the other hand, so similar to our present bodies that the very scars resulting from his crucifixion were still showing.) We receive comfort from the fact that the Resurrected Christ is as sympathetic and loving as was this same Savior before his crucifixion. With marvelous condescension he showed them his hands and his feet probably with the twofold purpose of proving to them: (a) I am not a ghost, and (b) I am indeed your Lord and Savior. ) 41 43. And while they continued in a state of disbelief for joy, and were filled with amazement, he said to them, Do you have anything here to eat?

So they gave him a piece of broiled fish, and he took it and ate it in their presence.) The disciples disbelieved for joy and continued for a while in this state. Psychologically this is understandable. We should bear in mind that only (what we would call) day before yesterday their hearts had been pierced with a feeling of utter hopelessness. When Jesus breathed his last the situation seemed to be irreparably desperate. It was the end. Jesus was gone.

He was dead. And now to believe that he was standing here in their very midst, alive and well, was almost impossible. Was what they were looking at a ghost? One moment they would say to themselves, This must be Jesus. How wonderful. The next moment they would say, It is just too good to be true.

It must be a ghost. ) It was for this reason that the Lord, as patient as ever, ate a piece of broiled fish in their presence, so as to convince them that they were not looking at a ghost but at their own Lord and Savior Jesus Christ.) 44. And he said to them: These (are) my words that I spoke to you while I was still with you, that all that is written about me in the law of Moses and the prophets and the psalms must be fulfilled.) The words of Jesus from here on were not necessarily spoken on Easter evening. They may have been, but may also have been spoken at later appearances. Whenever and wherever they were spoken, one thing is certain: the One who is addressing the audience wants everyone to know that what had happened to him was the necessary fulfilment of the plan of God as previously revealed in the sacred writings.) Note that Jesus says that each of the three large divisions of the Old Testament nowhere in the New Testament so fully indicated had borne witness to him. Moreover, what he is now saying he has said before. See, for example, 18:31 33.) Note also the words while I was still with you.

Jesus wants his disciples to realize that his former mode of association with them has ceased and will not be resumed.) 45 47. Then he opened their minds to (enable them to) understand the Scriptures. He told them, Thus it is written that the Christ should suffer and rise again from the dead on the third day, and that conversion and forgiveness of sins should be preached in his name to all the nations, beginning from Jerusalem.) Note the following:) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.53.0|AUTODETECT|” a. Jesus now does for the entire group he addresses what he had already done for the men of Emmaus: he gives them the key to the Scriptures. He illumines their minds so that in all the Scriptures they will see Christ: his suffering 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.53.0|AUTODETECT|” Isa. 53) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=19.118.0|AUTODETECT|” ) and resurrection 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=19.118.0|AUTODETECT|” Ps. 118) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.53.0|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.53.0|AUTODETECT|” Isa. 53) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ).) 1 3 2 8 0 0 b. He causes them to see that he had to suffer, and to rise on the third day, in order that the good news of salvation through conversion and forgiveness of sins might be proclaimed to all the nations.) c. In his name, that is, on the basis of his self-revelation.) d. This proclamation, though beginning from Jerusalem, must fan outward from there to all the nations. ) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.28.19|AUTODETECT|” e. The fact that the proclamation of the gospel must reach all the nations shows that Old and New Testament are in reality one book. That worldwide proclamation of the gospel is one of the main themes of the New Testament is clear not only from the present passage but also from ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.28.19|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 28:19) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.1.8|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.1.8|AUTODETECT|” Acts 1:8) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.28.28|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.28.28|AUTODETECT|” 28:28) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=49.2.14-49.2.18|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=49.2.14-49.2.18|AUTODETECT|” Eph. 2:14 18) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ; etc.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=1.22.18|AUTODETECT|” That basically the same thing holds for the Old Testament is clear from ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=1.22.18|AUTODETECT|” Gen. 22:18) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=11.8.41-11.8.43|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=11.8.41-11.8.43|AUTODETECT|” I Kings 8:41 43) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=19.72.8-19.72.11|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=19.72.8-19.72.11|AUTODETECT|” Ps. 72:8 11) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=19.87.0|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=19.87.0|AUTODETECT|” 87) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.2.3|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.2.3|AUTODETECT|” Isa. 2:3) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.45.14|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.45.14|AUTODETECT|” 45:14) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.45.22-23.45.25|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.45.22-23.45.25|AUTODETECT|” 22 25) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.49.23|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.49.23|AUTODETECT|” 49:23) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.54.1-23.54.3|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.54.1-23.54.3|AUTODETECT|” 54:1 3) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.60.1-23.60.3|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.60.1-23.60.3|AUTODETECT|” 60:1 3) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.65.1|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.65.1|AUTODETECT|” 65:1) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=39.1.11|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=39.1.11|AUTODETECT|” Mal. 1:11) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=49.3.5|AUTODETECT|” . To be sure there is a difference between the Old and the New Testament in this respect. For this see N.T.C. on ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=49.3.5|AUTODETECT|” Eph. 3:5) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=49.3.6|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=49.3.6|AUTODETECT|” 6) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 (pp. 154, 155), but that difference does not cancel the fact that both Old and New Testament proclaim a Christ for all the nations.) 1 3 2 8 0 0 48. You are witnesses of these things.) Since Christ s disciples first of all the inner circle, but to a certain extent also the wider circle of believers have seen the works of the Lord, have heard his words, and have experienced in their hearts the meaning and value of the good news, they should bear testimony concerning it. They are and must be Christ s witnesses.) 49. Moreover, note well, I am sending upon you what my Father promised; but remain in the city until you are clothed with power from on high.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.1.26|AUTODETECT|” Although what is here recorded concerned especially The Eleven 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.1.26|AUTODETECT|” Acts 1:26) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ), it had and has significance for every believer.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.14.16|AUTODETECT|” Jesus is telling the apostles that he is about to send upon them that which the Father promised, namely, the Holy Spirit. See ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.14.16|AUTODETECT|” John 14:16) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.14.17|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.14.17|AUTODETECT|” 17) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.14.26|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.14.26|AUTODETECT|” 26) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.1.8|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.1.8|AUTODETECT|” Acts 1:8) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.1.4|AUTODETECT|” . That Spirit will qualify them to be true and effective witnesses. Until they receive this great gift they must remain quietly in Jerusalem. Cf. ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.1.4|AUTODETECT|” Acts 1:4) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 .) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.2.14-44.2.36|AUTODETECT|” This promise was fulfilled on the day of Pentecost; that is, on the fiftieth day after Christ s resurrection, the tenth after his ascension. That by means of the words of Jesus when he opened their minds and by means of the outpouring upon them of the Holy Spirit these men indeed became effective witnesses is clear from the book of Acts. One illustration of this increased power and effectiveness is certainly Peter s address on the day of Pentecost 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.2.14-44.2.36|AUTODETECT|” Acts 2:14 36) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ).) 1 3 2 8 0 0 For Practical Lessons and Greek Words, etc., see pp. 1077 1081.) ) 24:50 53 Christ s Ascension) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.16.19|AUTODETECT|” Cf. ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.16.19|AUTODETECT|” Mark 16:19) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.16.20|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.16.20|AUTODETECT|” 20) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.1.9-44.1.11|AUTODETECT|” (part of The Ending); ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.1.9-44.1.11|AUTODETECT|” Acts 1:9 11) 1 3 2 8 0 0 50 Then he led them out as far as Bethany, and lifting up his hands he blessed them. 51 Now while he was blessing them he departed front them and was carried up into heaven. 52 They worshiped him and returned to Jerusalem with great joy. 53 And they were continually in the temple, praising God.) ) 50. Then he led them out as far as Bethany, and lifting up his hands he blessed them.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.1.4|AUTODETECT|” If our interpretation of verse 49 is correct, so that this passage and ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.1.4|AUTODETECT|” Acts 1:4) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 run parallel, then (in Luke) verse 50 follows very naturally. The erroneous view, aired by some, according to which Luke would be saying that Christ s ascension took place on the day of Easter will then no longer bother us.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.1.13|AUTODETECT|” Jesus is here pictured as leading his disciples, The Eleven 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.1.13|AUTODETECT|” Acts 1:13) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.1.6-44.1.8|AUTODETECT|” ), out to Bethany, on the eastern slopes of Mt. Olivet. Having arrived there he is busily engaged in conversation with them. He corrects one of their errors. He repeats the promise that they will receive the energizing Holy Spirit who will qualify them for their task 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.1.6-44.1.8|AUTODETECT|” Acts 1:6 8) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ). Then he lifts up his hands over them in blessing.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.10.12|AUTODETECT|” This act of blessing is more than mere well-wishing. It is an effective impartation of welfare, peace, and power. To be sure, there is nothing mechanical or magical about it, but it is effective for all those whose minds and hearts are truly receptive. For more on this subject see N.T.C. on ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.10.12|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 10:12) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.10.13|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.10.13|AUTODETECT|” 13) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=52.1.1|AUTODETECT|” (pp. 459, 460) and on ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=52.1.1|AUTODETECT|” I Thess. 1:1) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 (pp. 43 45).) 1 2 2 8 0 0 51. Now while he was blessing them he departed from them and was carried up into heaven.) For the authenticity of the final clause see the note on this passage on pp. 1080, 1081.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.1.9|AUTODETECT|” In full view of the disciples the Lord is lifted up into the sky. They see him ascend until a cloud hides him from their sight 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.1.9|AUTODETECT|” Acts 1:9) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ).) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.12.5|AUTODETECT|” The view according to which from that point on the body of our Lord became diffused or assumed divine properties, so that it became omnipresent, does not rest on any scriptural basis. What Scripture does teach is that Jesus was caught up to God and to his throne 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.12.5|AUTODETECT|” Rev. 12:5) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.8.34|AUTODETECT|” ), that he sat down at the right hand of God 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.8.34|AUTODETECT|” Rom. 8:34) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=49.1.20|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=49.1.20|AUTODETECT|” Eph. 1:20) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=51.3.1|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=51.3.1|AUTODETECT|” Col. 3:1) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.1.3|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.1.3|AUTODETECT|” Heb. 1:3) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.8.1|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.8.1|AUTODETECT|” 8:1) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.10.12|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.10.12|AUTODETECT|” 10:12) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.12.2|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.12.2|AUTODETECT|” 12:2) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=60.3.22|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=60.3.22|AUTODETECT|” I Peter 3:22) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.1.11|AUTODETECT|” ), and that he will come back in the same manner in which the disciples saw him go into heaven 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.1.11|AUTODETECT|” Acts 1:11) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ). All the rest is mere speculation.) 1 3 2 8 0 0 52. They worshiped him and returned to Jerusalem with great joy.) The eleven men did as they had been told. They returned to Jerusalem, there to await the outpouring upon them of the Holy Spirit. However, they returned with great joy. Why this great joy? Should they not rather have mourned the loss of a true Friend?) They knew better. They had lost nothing and had gained much. Among the reasons for their great joy may well have been the following:) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.28.20|AUTODETECT|” a. They had had Jesus with them for a while. They were going to have him with them forever, namely, in the Spirit. That was, in fact, the promise he had made to them 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.28.20|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 28:20) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ).) 1 1 2 8 0 0 b. They knew, therefore, that they had been commissioned to carry out a great task, the spread of the gospel, and that they were about to receive the power to shoulder it.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.1.11|AUTODETECT|” c. They had received the promise of his glorious return at the end of the age 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.1.11|AUTODETECT|” Acts 1:11) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ).) 1 2 2 8 0 0 d. Should we not also add this reason for their great joy, namely, that they rejoiced in his joy, in his exaltation?) 53. And they were continually in the temple, praising God.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.11.36|AUTODETECT|” Apart from praise to God joy is incomplete. See ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.11.36|AUTODETECT|” Rom. 11:36) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=46.10.31|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=46.10.31|AUTODETECT|” I Cor. 10:31) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=47.3.18|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=47.3.18|AUTODETECT|” II Cor. 3:18) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 .) 1 2 2 8 0 0 Luke began his book with a temple scene (1:5 23). He ends it similarly. He began with songs: of Elizabeth, of Mary, of Zechariah, of angels, of Simeon. So he ends, most appropriately, with praises to God, for of him and through him, and to him are all things. To him be the glory forever. ��623��) ) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.36-42.24.53|AUTODETECT|” Practical Lessons Derived from ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.36-42.24.53|AUTODETECT|” Luke 24:36 53) 1 2 2 8 0 0 Verse 38) Why are you troubled, and why are doubts arising in your hearts? ) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.14.1|AUTODETECT|” Compare this with ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.14.1|AUTODETECT|” John 14:1) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 , and note that the Risen Christ is as tenderhearted and loving as was the Christ before his death and resurrection.) 1 1 2 8 0 0 Verse 47) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.28.19|AUTODETECT|” Conversion and forgiveness of sins should he preached in his name to all the nations. Is this Luke s version of The Great Commission 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.28.19|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 28:19) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.28.20|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.28.20|AUTODETECT|” 20) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 )? Note that Christ s mission mandate was the last one he issued before ascending to heaven. Does not that make it very important?) 1 2 2 8 0 0 Verse 50) Lifting up his hands he blessed them. ) 7 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.1.11|AUTODETECT|” Acts 1:11) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 This same Jesus will come back in the same way. ) 1 3 2 8 0 0 If, then, he departed while blessing his disciples, and if he is coming again with blessing for his church, does it not follow that even now, during the intervening period, he, as representative of the Triune God, Father, Son, and Holy Spirit, delights in being for his people a source of blessing? Also, that he wants us, in a derived or secondary manner, to be a blessing to everyone with whom we come into contact?) Verse 51) He departed from them. ) 7 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.28.20|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 28:20) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 I am with you always. ) 1 5 2 8 0 0 He departed in order to remain with his church; in fact, now more than ever. When he was still on earth he was not able physically to be everywhere at the same time. But now that he is in heaven he is able, in and through the Holy Spirit, to be everywhere (not bodily, to be sure, but spiritually). Also, while he was still on earth he was present with the church. Now he is present in the church. In other words, he has departed from us in order to draw closer to us.) ) Notes on Greek Words, Phrases, and Constructions in 24:36 53) Verse 36) ��, third per. s. 2nd aor. indicat. of 5��, to set; here, in 2nd aor., probably simply to stand; hence, he stood.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.19|AUTODETECT|” ��, third per. s. pres. indicat. of ��, to say. The change in the tense indicates that what we have here is a dramatic or historical present. Some, therefore, translate (he) says. Others, realizing that it would never do to retain the present in the translation of all such cases, prefer the rendering (he) said. Have your choice! The Western omission of the words and (he) said to them, `Peace (be) with you may be in a class with the omission of 22:19b, 20. But even if these words are omitted here, they are found in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.19|AUTODETECT|” John 20:19) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 .) 1 4 2 8 0 0 Verse 37) ��, nom. pl. aor. pass. participle of ��, to terrify, frighten, startle; pass. to be frightened, etc. See also the note on 21:9 on page 935, the only other New Testament occurrence.) By some the imperf. tense in �� is regarded as inchoative, resulting in the translation They began to think. But They were thinking (progressive imperf.) or even They thought is also possible and may even be preferable.) Verse 38) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.14.1|AUTODETECT|” For �� , sec. per. pl. periphrastic perf. indicat. pass. of ��, to trouble, stir up, shake; pass. to be troubled, etc., see the note on 1:12 on page 80. It is this verb that is used in the well-known passage, Let not your hearts any longer be troubled 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.14.1|AUTODETECT|” John 14:1) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ).) 1 4 2 8 0 0 ��, pl. of ��, deliberation, thought; here: divided thought, doubt. See also the note on 9:46 on page 525. Cf. dialog.) As often, in such cases, the original uses the sing. heart, where we would say hearts; so also in verse 45 mind becomes minds in translation.) Verse 39) �� & �P��, I myself.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.17.27|AUTODETECT|” ��, sec. per. pl. aor. (ingress.) imperat. of ��, to touch, handle. Cf. ��, to strike (a musical instrument). Cf. Psalm. See also ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.17.27|AUTODETECT|” Acts 17:27) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.12.18|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.12.18|AUTODETECT|” Heb. 12:18) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=62.1.1|AUTODETECT|” ; and especially in the present connection ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=62.1.1|AUTODETECT|” I John 1:1) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 .) 1 1 2 8 0 0 Verse 40) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.20|AUTODETECT|” The textual support for this verse is considerable. There are those, however, who again with the Western text regard this passage to be unauthentic here, an interpolation from ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.20|AUTODETECT|” John 20:20) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 . The question then remains, Why was and his side left out? There is insufficient reason to omit this verse.) 1 15 2 8 0 0 Verse 41) Note genitive absolute They disbelieving & and being filled with amazement. ) ��, acc. s. neut. of ��, edible, fit to eat, from ��, food. Cf. Ambrose, ambrosial.) Verse 42) @��, gen. s. masc. of @��, broiled; cf. @��, to bake, broil.) Verse 44) E��, either that, or simply recitative, equivalent to our quotation marks. So also in verse 46.) ��, aor. (effect.) pass. infinitive of ��, to fill, fulfil. See the note on 1:1 on page 61.) Verse 45) �� , articular pres. infinitive of ��, expressing purpose, to understand. See also the note on 18:34 on page 849.) Verse 46) As the context (see verses 26 and 44) clearly indicates, the thought expressed here is not the Christ will suffer, etc., but Thus it is written that the Christ should suffer, etc.) Verse 47) The reading conversion �0� for (or with a view to) forgiveness of sins, may indicate conflation with the text of 3:3.) Verse 48) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.10.5|AUTODETECT|” With the majority of interpreters I combine beginning from Jerusalem with should be preached & to all the nations. Reason: see ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.10.5|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 10:5) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.10.6|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.10.6|AUTODETECT|” 6) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.1.8|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.1.8|AUTODETECT|” Acts 1:8) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.13.46|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.13.46|AUTODETECT|” 13:46) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 .) 1 11 2 8 0 0 Verse 49) ��, I am sending; i.e., I will send, first per, s. futuristic indicat.) ��, acc. s. of ��, promise, or, as here: the thing promised. This is the only instance of this word in the Gospels. It occurs frequently in Acts (beginning with 1:4), Romans, Galatians, Ephesians, and Hebrews. Elsewhere in the New Testament its use is scattered. Cf. ��, to announce, promise.) ��, sec. per. pl, aor. imperat. of ��, here intransit., to sit, keep sitting, remain.) �� W, until the time when.) ��, sec. per. pl. aor. (futuristic) subjunct. of ��, here probably pass. rather than middle, and used in the figurative sense of: to be clothed or invested with (this or that endowment), in the present case, with ��, acc. s. of ��, power. Cf. dynamite.) Verse 50) �� x� B., out as far as (Bethany).) Verses 51, 52) � �� P��. Note similar idiom in verses 4, 15, 30; here: while he was blessing them.) For ��, third per. s. 2nd aor. (effect.) indicat. act. of ��, intransit., to part or go away (from), see the note on 22:59 on page 1001.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.17.1|AUTODETECT|” ��, third per. s. imperf. (descript.) indicat. pass. of ��: he was carried up (to heaven). In Luke only here, but found also in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.17.1|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 17:1) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.9.2|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.9.2|AUTODETECT|” Mark 9:2) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.7.27|AUTODETECT|” in the sense of to lead up (a mountain); and in several other passages ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.7.27|AUTODETECT|” Heb. 7:27) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=59.2.21|AUTODETECT|” (twice); 13:15; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=59.2.21|AUTODETECT|” James 2:21) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=60.2.5|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=60.2.5|AUTODETECT|” I Peter 2:5) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=60.2.24|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=60.2.24|AUTODETECT|” 24) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.9.28|AUTODETECT|” in the sense of to offer (whether sacrifice or prayer or praise or oneself). The use of this verb in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.9.28|AUTODETECT|” Heb. 9:28) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.53.12|AUTODETECT|” has given rise to some difficulty. That passage probably reflects ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.53.12|AUTODETECT|” Isa. 53:12) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 , so that the verb in question would have the meaning to bear, to take away.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.1.6-44.1.11|AUTODETECT|” With respect to the words and was carried into heaven and they worshiped him. omitted by the Western text, see the fully attested passage in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.1.6-44.1.11|AUTODETECT|” Acts 1:6 11) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.51|AUTODETECT|” . And even in connection with the present passage, ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.51|AUTODETECT|” Luke 24:51) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.52|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=42.24.52|AUTODETECT|” 52) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 , we may well ask, Would there have been a return with great joy if there had been no glorious ascension? The disputed words should be retained.) 1 15 2 8 0 0 Verse 53) �P��, nom. pl. masc. pres. act. participle of �P��, to praise, glorify, bless. This verb is used more often by Luke than by any other New Testament author.) Summary of Chapter 24) When, very early Sunday morning, the women went to the tomb to anoint the body of Jesus, they discovered that the stone had already been rolled away. However, on entering they did not find the body. Two men in bright apparel ( angels, verse 23) told them, He is not here but is risen, as he told you he would be. The women reported their experience to The Eleven. Their response: Nonsense!

Peter, however, ran to the tomb. Stooping, he saw the strips of linen lying there, neatly arranged, but did not see the body. He went home, wondering (verses 1 12).) In the afternoon Cleopas and his companion, admirers of Jesus, were on their way from Jerusalem to their home in Emmaus. They were rehearsing the sad events of the last few days. Someone was catching up with them. The stranger asked the two what they were so busily discussing.

After expressing surprise about the inquirer s ignorance they answered his question. They ended with, Some of our women went to the tomb and returned saying that they had seen a vision of angels who affirmed that he was alive. Some of our friends found it exactly as the women had said, but him they did not see. ) The stranger then explained to the two that according to the entire Old Testament it was the path of suffering that would bring the Messiah to glory.) Arriving at their destination the two urged the one who had joined them to stay and eat with them. While he was breaking bread they suddenly noticed that the stranger was Jesus himself, risen from the dead. He then vanished.) In spite of the lateness of the hour the two walked the eleven kilometers (seven miles) back to Jerusalem to tell the apostles the marvelous news. On arrival they were greeted with the shout, The Lord has risen indeed and has appeared to Simon.

Then they, too, told their story (verses 13 35).) In the midst of the lively discussion Jesus himself stood among them and said, Peace (be) with you. To dispel the fear that they were looking at a ghost he showed them his hands and feet and in their presence ate a piece of broiled fish.) After relating this part of the story Luke reports sayings of Jesus probably spoken at one time or another during the forty days between his resurrection and ascension. He states that the Risen Savior opened the Scripture to his audience so that they might understand that whatever was written concerning him must be fulfilled. The narrative of his suffering and resurrection must be made known to all the nations so that all who turn to him may have their sins forgiven and be saved. The last recorded saying in this section is, I am sending upon you what my Father promised; but remain in the city until you are clothed with power from on high (verses 36 49).) At the appropriate moment he led The Eleven to Bethany. While lifting up his hands and blessing them he was carried up to heaven.

They worshiped him and returned to Jerusalem with great joy. And they were continually in the temple, praising God (verses 50 53).) ) ) ) ) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.28.6|AUTODETECT|” 608 The readings vary. Some even omit 6a entirely; but see ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.28.6|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 28:6) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.16.16|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.16.16|AUTODETECT|” Mark 16:16) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 .) 1 6 2 8 0 0 609 The original uses the historical present here: he sees.) 610) For interesting literature on this subject see the following:) L. H. Grollenberg, op. cit., p. 132, with photographs and diagrams.) G. E. Wright, op. cit., p. 381, picture of a first-century sepulchre near Jerusalem. According to the author it resembles the one in which Jesus was buried.) Lenski, op. cit., pp. 730, 731, gives a description of the Garden Tomb. Though this may not have been the tomb or even the site where the body of Jesus had been interred, is it not possible that it resembled that tomb?) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.12|AUTODETECT|” Very interesting and informative is R. H. Smith, The Tomb of Jesus, BA 30 (1967), pp. 74 89. This author favors the two-chamber theory 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.12|AUTODETECT|” Luke 24:12) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.5|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.5|AUTODETECT|” John 20:5) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.11|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.11|AUTODETECT|” 11) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.12|AUTODETECT|” ) and makes ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.12|AUTODETECT|” John 20:12) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 comprehensible (pp. 87, 89). It is an excellent article.) 1 11 2 8 0 0 For the discovery of the tomb and what happened to the sacred places subsequently see T. Kollek and M. Pearlman, op. cit., pp. 145 148; also R. H. Smith, op. cit., pp. 76 80.) N.T.C. W. Hendriksen, New Testament Commentary) R.S.V. Revised Standard Version) N.E.B. New English Bible) 611 Notes on Greek words, phrases, and constructions in 24:1 12 begin on page 1056.) 612 Or: about seven miles; literally: sixty stadia.) 613 Literally: knocked us out of our senses.) 614 Or: the bread-cake.) 615 Literally: he became invisible.) 616 See S.BK., Vol. II, pp. 273 299; also S.BK., Vol. I, pp. 481 ff.) 617 See R. H. Gundry, op. cit., p. 230; N. Geldenhuys, op. cit., pp. 636, 637.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.53.0|AUTODETECT|” 618 On ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.53.0|AUTODETECT|” Isa. 53) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 as fulfilled in Christ see also N.T.C. on Philippians, pp. 82, 83; A. M. Hodgkin, Christ in All the Scriptures, London, 1945, pp. 151 153.) 1 1 2 8 0 0 619 Notes on Greek words, phrases, and constructions in 24:13 35 begin on page 1069.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.28.16-40.28.20|AUTODETECT|” 622 ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.28.16-40.28.20|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 28:16 20) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.28.19|AUTODETECT|” is not wholly parallel, since it belongs to an appearance of Jesus in Galilee. But with ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.28.19|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 28:19) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.47|AUTODETECT|” cf. ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.47|AUTODETECT|” Luke 24:47) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 .) 1 4 2 8 0 0 620 Some documents omit Peace (be) with you. ) 621 Some ancient authorities omit verse 40.) 623 Notes on Greek words, phrases, and constructions in 24:36 53 begin on page 1078.) )

New Testament Commentary (Baker)

William Hendriksen (1900–1982) was a Dutch-American Reformed theologian and professor at Calvin Theological Seminary. His New Testament Commentary series, later completed by Simon J. Kistemaker, covers the entire New Testament and is one of the most highly regarded Reformed commentary sets of the …

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Old Testament

New Testament

MAT MRK LUK JHN ACT ROM 1CO 2CO GAL EPH PHP COL 1TH 2TH 1TI 2TI TIT PHM HEB JAS 1PE 2PE 1JN 2JN 3JN JUD REV

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