Luke 10

Hendriksen

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-8 1 3 2 -9 1 0 0 0 0 13 96 -9 2 0 0 2 0 1 RVStyle2 7 StyleNameNormal textFontNameArialUnicode Size Standard StyleNameDefaultFontNameTahomaUnicode Size Standard StyleNameJumpFontNameTahomaStylefsUnderlineColorclBlue HoverColorclMaroonHoverEffects rvheUnderlineUnicode Jump Size Standard StyleNameHeading - Module name SizeDoubleFontNameTahomaColorclMaroonUnicode SizeStandard StyleName"Heading small - Module descriptionFontNameTahomaColorclMaroonUnicode Size Standard StyleNameHeading - LinkFontNameTahomaColorclNavy HoverColorclPurpleUnicode Jump Size Standard StyleNameDefaultFontNameTahomaStylefsUnderlineColorclBlueUnicode Jump Size Standard StyleNameDefaultFontNameTahomaColorclBlue HoverColorclMaroonNextStyleNoUnicode Jump Size -9 2 0 0 2 0 2 RVStyle2 jBiDiModervbdLeftToRightTabs StyleNameCentered Alignment rvaCenterTabsStandardTabs-9 2 0 0 2 0 4 RVStyle2 -9 0 0 0 0 0 7 1 23 2 8 0 0 CHAPTER X ) Outline of Chapter 10) ) Theme: The Work Thou Gavest Him to Do) 10:1 12 The Charge to the Seventy-two (or Seventy)) 10:13 16 Woes Pronounced on Impenitent Cities) 10:17 20 The Return of the Seventy-two (or Seventy)) 10:21 24 The Rejoicing of Jesus) 10:25 37 The Parable of the Samaritan Who Cared) 10:38 42 Mary of Bethany Makes the Right Choice) ) 10:1 12 The Charge to the Seventy-two (or Seventy)) 10 1 After this the Lord appointed seventy-two��363�� others and sent them on ahead of him, two by two, into every town and place where he himself was about to go. 2. He said to them, The harvest (is) plentiful but the laborers (are) few. Pray therefore the Lord of the harvest to thrust laborers into his harvest. 3 Go! Listen! I am sending you out as lambs in the midst of wolves. 4 Carry no purse, no traveler s bag, no sandals, and do not greet anyone on the road. 5 With respect to whatever house you enter, first say, Peace (be) to this house! 6 And if a lover of peace��364�� is there, your peace will rest on him; but if not, it will return to you. 7 Remain in that very house, eating and drinking whatever they give you, for the worker is entitled to his wages. Do not keep moving about from house to house. 8 And with respect to whatever town you enter and in which you are welcomed, eat what is set before you. 9 Heal the sick who are there and tell them, The kingdom of God has come near to you! ) 10 But whenever you enter a town and are not welcomed, go into its streets and say, 11 Even the dust from your town that sticks to our feet we wipe off against you.

Nevertheless, know this, that the kingdom of God has come near. 12 I tell you, it will be more tolerable for Sodom in that day than for that town. ) ) After hearing about the three would-be followers (9:57 62) it is a delight to read about a large group of sincere and enthusiastic disciples of Jesus, men who offered no excuses when called to serve. Without reservation they answered the call and, to a considerable extent, were successful in their mission (see verse 17).) Chapter 10 is clearly divisible into two parts. In Part I (verses 1 24) we are told that Jesus sent out seventy or seventy-two men to announce and prepare the people for his own coming, and with that in view to proclaim the gospel of the kingdom of God (see verse 1b). As shown in the summary on p. 533, these twenty-four verses can be divided into four paragraphs, as follows: (a) the appointment of these men and the charge given to them (verses 1 12); (b) the punishment awaiting those who reject their and/or their Master s message (verses 13 16); (c) the report of the missionaries upon their return, a report filled with joyful enthusiasm (verses 17 20); and (d) Jesus own rejoicing voiced in praise addressed to the Father, and his assurance, given to the returned witnesses, that they had been privileged above many prophets and kings (verses 21 24).) 1. After this the Lord appointed seventy-two [or seventy] others and sent them on ahead of him, two by two, into every town and place where he himself was about to go.) Note the following:) a. After this.

This probably means: after Jesus started on his journey to Jerusalem, as recorded in 9:51.) b. The Lord. Elsewhere see N.T.C. on Mark, p. 435 it has been shown that the title Lord was given to Jesus long before his bodily resurrection, and that not only Luke and John but also Matthew and Mark use this appellation with reference to him. It is true, nevertheless, that Luke calls Jesus by this name far more often than do any of the other evangelists. It ascribes to the Savior ownership, authority, majesty.) c. & appointed seventy-two.& Textual evidence (both here and in verse 17) is insufficient to establish, beyond reasonable doubt, whether seventy or seventy-two is correct. Even aside from this, for every argument in favor of seventy there is a counter-argument in support of seventy-two.

The debate might run somewhat as follows:) Brown) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=4.11.16-4.11.25|AUTODETECT|” Seventy is right, for it is clear that Jesus is here pictured as the Antitype of Moses, who, at God s command, appointed seventy elders to assist him. On these seventy the Spirit rested. See ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=4.11.16-4.11.25|AUTODETECT|” Num. 11:16 25) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 .) 1 1 2 8 0 0 Smith) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=4.11.26|AUTODETECT|” You are forgetting Eldad and Medad, on whom God s Spirit also rested 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=4.11.26|AUTODETECT|” Num. 11:26) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ), making seventy-two in all.) 1 1 2 8 0 0 Brown) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=1.10.0|AUTODETECT|” But by entering Trans-Jordan Jesus and these missionaries, who were sent ahead to prepare the way for him, were coming into the largely non-Jewish world. The people of that day believed that the world contained seventy nations; see the Hebrew text of ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=1.10.0|AUTODETECT|” Gen. 10) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 . So Jesus appointed seventy missionaries, as it were one for each nation.) 1 1 2 8 0 0 Smith) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=1.10.0|AUTODETECT|” But the Septuagint, i.e., Greek, text of ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=1.10.0|AUTODETECT|” Gen. 10) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=1.10.0|AUTODETECT|” has seventy-two names of ancestors who gave rise to nations. Luke, himself a Greek, must have been aware of the analogy between the seventy-two nations of ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=1.10.0|AUTODETECT|” Gen. 10) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 and the seventy-two men whom Jesus appointed as his ambassadors.) 1 5 2 8 0 0 Brown) But the Jerusalem Sanhedrin had seventy members.) Smith) Why should this have influenced Jesus in deciding on the number of heralds he appointed at this time? Besides, exactly seventy Sanhedrin members is probably not even correct, for you are forgetting the presiding officer, who certainly was also a member.) So far the debate on this rather unimportant matter.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.6.13-42.6.16|AUTODETECT|” I, for one, do not have the answer, though I lean toward seventy-two. Jesus may well have chosen twelve disciples 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.6.13-42.6.16|AUTODETECT|” Luke 6:13 16) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.9.1|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.9.1|AUTODETECT|” 9:1) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.21.12-66.21.21|AUTODETECT|” ) to continue the line of the twelve patriarchs and twelve tribes, thereby indicating that Israel was being continued in the church of the new dispensation. Thus conceived, the number twelve would have symbolical significance. In harmony with this is the fact that in the book of Revelation the heavenly Jerusalem is described as having twelve foundation stones and twelve gates made of twelve pearls. There were twelve angels at the gates. On the gates were written the names of the twelve tribes. And the city itself was 12,000 stadia in length, width, and height. See ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.21.12-66.21.21|AUTODETECT|” Rev. 21:12 21) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.4.4|AUTODETECT|” . As to multiples of 12 think of the 24 thrones on which 24 elders were sitting 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.4.4|AUTODETECT|” Rev. 4:4) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.4.10|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.4.10|AUTODETECT|” 10) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.11.16|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.11.16|AUTODETECT|” 11:16) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.19.4|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.19.4|AUTODETECT|” 19:4) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ), of the 1260 days during which the two witnesses prophesy (11:3), and of the 144,000 sealed individuals (7:1 8).) 1 1 2 8 0 0 Now seventy-two is the multiple of 12 and 6. The number seventy-two would therefore be in harmony with this entire scheme of twelves. It would proclaim that our Lord appointed not only twelve leaders but also 6 � 12 = 72 other ambassadors, so that the gospel might be published far and wide. Again, this is no proof. A good argument can also be advanced for seventy (= 7 � 10).) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.9.51-42.18.14|AUTODETECT|” d. & two by two.& It has been shown that ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.9.51-42.18.14|AUTODETECT|” Luke 9:51 18:14) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 stands by itself, in the sense that as a rule it no longer parallels Mark. Here, however, there is a tiny exception. (There are going to be a few more exceptions before we reach 18:14.) It is Mark he alone who relates that also when The Twelve were charged, they were sent out two by two (6:7).) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=21.4.9|AUTODETECT|” When the question is asked, Why two by two? practical considerations such as: to help and encourage each other 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=21.4.9|AUTODETECT|” Eccles. 4:9) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=4.35.30|AUTODETECT|” ); and to be valid witnesses 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=4.35.30|AUTODETECT|” Num. 35:30) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=5.19.15|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=5.19.15|AUTODETECT|” Deut. 19:15) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.18.16|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.18.16|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 18:16) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.8.17|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.8.17|AUTODETECT|” John 8:17) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=47.13.1|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=47.13.1|AUTODETECT|” II Cor. 13:1) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=54.5.19|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=54.5.19|AUTODETECT|” I Tim. 5:19) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.10.28|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.10.28|AUTODETECT|” Heb. 10:28) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ) occur to the mind immediately. The same practical considerations undoubtedly also explain why the seventy-two were sent out two by two. ) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.7.19|AUTODETECT|” Did not also John the Baptist send two of his disciples to Jesus with an important question 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.7.19|AUTODETECT|” Luke 7:19) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.3.1|AUTODETECT|” )? At a later time we notice that Peter and John bring their united testimony 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.3.1|AUTODETECT|” Acts 3:1) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.4.1|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.4.1|AUTODETECT|” 4:1) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.4.13|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.4.13|AUTODETECT|” 13) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.4.19|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.4.19|AUTODETECT|” 19) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.13.1-44.13.3|AUTODETECT|” ); that Barnabas and Saul are sent out together on their missionary journey 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.13.1-44.13.3|AUTODETECT|” Acts 13:1 3) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ); and that afterward Paul and Silas are together commended by the brothers to the grace of God (15:40). And let us not forget Barnabas and Mark (15:39), Judas and Silas (15:27), Timothy and Silas (17:14), and Timothy and Erastus (19:22).) 1 1 2 8 0 0 e. (He sent them on ahead of him) & into every town and place where he himself was about to go. Why all these heralds? Because the amount of work still to be accomplished was vast, the time during which it must be completed short, and the cause important beyond comprehension.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.40.3|AUTODETECT|” Besides, does not the mention of these seventy or seventy-two stress the fact that kingdom work is not limited to the few; for example, to Jesus and The Twelve, but that every believer should participate? Note: first there was Jesus; then also The Twelve, now also the seventy-two; and these, in turn, are told to pray that the Lord may send forth (still more) laborers into his harvest. There is a task for everyone. There is a task for me. Finally, it is important to realize that when Jesus himself arrives, he must be welcomed properly! See ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.40.3|AUTODETECT|” Isa. 40:3) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=39.3.1|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=39.3.1|AUTODETECT|” Mal. 3:1) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 .) 1 1 2 8 0 0 2. He said to them, The harvest (is) plentiful, but the laborers (are) few. Pray therefore the Lord of the harvest to thrust laborers into his harvest.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.9.37|AUTODETECT|” As Jesus had done when he called The Twelve 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.9.37|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 9:37) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.9.38|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.9.38|AUTODETECT|” 38) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.4.35|AUTODETECT|” ), and at least on one other occasion 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.4.35|AUTODETECT|” John 4:35) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ), so also now he tells his disciples in the present case the seventy or seventy-two that the harvest is plentiful but the laborers are few. He exhorts them to beseech the Lord of the harvest to thrust laborers into his harvest. Note the following:) 1 2 2 8 0 0 a. For more on God s well-meant, yes even urgent, offer of salvation see N.T.C. on Matthew, pp. 441, 442. The Savior s deep and tender concern for man s everlasting welfare, as this reveals itself in Luke s Gospel, is clear also from the following passages: 10:21, 33 37; 11:42; 12:7, 32; 13:6; 17:17 19; 19:10.) b. This tender concern is present even though the territory Jesus was about to enter contained many Gentiles. Christ s love was by no means limited to Jews. Samaritans and Gentiles were also the objects of his loving concern.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.13.38|AUTODETECT|” c. As it was then, so ever increasingly is it true today that the field is large it is the world! 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.13.38|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 13:38) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ) the laborers are few. Hence, all the more the present passage applies to present-day conditions. The need is there always: hence also now! Especially now!) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=2.4.10|AUTODETECT|” d. Note the beautiful balance maintained here between divine sovereignty and human responsibility. It is God, he alone, who is able to endow men with the qualities necessary to carry out the mission mandate. It is God who sends out sometimes almost forcefully, thrusts out, for not all are immediately willing 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=2.4.10|AUTODETECT|” Exod. 4:10) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=2.4.13|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=2.4.13|AUTODETECT|” 13) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=11.18.7-11.18.16|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=11.18.7-11.18.16|AUTODETECT|” I Kings 18:7 16) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=17.4.9-17.4.17|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=17.4.9-17.4.17|AUTODETECT|” Esther 4:9 17) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=24.1.4-24.1.7|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=24.1.4-24.1.7|AUTODETECT|” Jer. 1:4 7) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 equips, qualifies, ordains. On the other hand, this by no means renders superfluous human prayer and exertion. The seventy or seventy-two must pray that it may please God to send out laborers.) 1 3 2 8 0 0 e. Laborers & not loafers. Let every minister, evangelist, missionary, etc., take note!) f. These laborers must work in his i.e. God s harvest. Those people whom we try to win for the Lord do not belong to us, to do with as it may please us; they are his harvest. This must always be borne in mind.) 3. Go! Listen! I am sending you out as lambs in the midst of wolves.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.10.16|AUTODETECT|” Since Jesus is about to make a statement of a most startling character, he introduces it by saying Go! Listen! There follows the saying describing the situation of the men that are being sent out. They will not be resting on a bed of ease. On the contrary, they will be as lambs in a somewhat similar context ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.10.16|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 10:16) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.40.11|AUTODETECT|” reads sheep in the midst of wolves. Does this not spell utter helplessness? Extreme danger? So it seems. But note the emphatic I in I am sending you out. It is no one less than their Shepherd who is speaking. Apart from him, to be sure, they are, and will be, in a hopeless situation. But commissioned by him, as his apostles, the opposite is true. Will he not gather the lambs in his arms and carry them in his bosom? See ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.40.11|AUTODETECT|” Isa. 40:11) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 . Let them then depend on him & entirely. So conceived the continuation is natural:) 1 3 2 8 0 0 4. Carry no purse, no traveler s bag, no sandals, and do not greet anyone on the road.) No purse or money bag, no traveler s bag or knapsack (see on 9:3) will be needed. No sandals either; that is, as has been explained in N.T.C. on Matthew, pp. 457, 458, and on Mark, p. 229, no extra pair, just those they are wearing. Place your trust entirely in God. He will supply all your needs, is what the Savior means.) Moreover, since the business of the King is urgent, no time must be wasted in (typically Eastern) time-consuming greetings along the way.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.10.0|AUTODETECT|” At this point critics have raised an objection. They have pointed out that this so-called Charge to the Seventy-two, which Luke, he alone!, reports, bears such a close resemblance to The Charge to The Twelve, recorded in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.10.0|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 10) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 (see also 11:21 23), that it must be regarded as fiction, merely a product of Luke s mind, with no basis in fact. Note the following resemblances:) 1 12 2 8 0 0 Luke Matthew ) 10:3 10:16 ) 10:4 10:9, 10 ) 10:5 7 10:11 13 ) 10:9a 10:8a ) 10:10 12 10:14, 15; 11:24 ) 10:13 15 11:21 23 ) 10:16a 10:40 ) ) ) The answer is: (a) Luke evidently regarded the two charges the one to The Twelve and the one to The Seventy-two as different, for he reports both (9:1 ff., 10:1 ff.); (b) it is entirely reasonable to believe that Jesus, confronted with a task so comprehensive and to be accomplished within such a short period of time, would appoint seventy-two additional missionaries; and that, since the nature of their work was the same in substance as that of the smaller group, there would also be a close resemblance between the instructions imparted to each of the two groups.) 5, 6. With respect to whatever house you enter, first say, Peace (be) to this house! And if a lover of peace is there, your peace will rest on him; but if not, it will return to you.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=1.43.23|AUTODETECT|” When the men enter any house they must first pronounce their greeting upon it. They must say, Peace be to this house! This reminds us of the familiar formula, Peace to you, a customary greeting then 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=1.43.23|AUTODETECT|” Gen. 43:23) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=7.6.23|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=7.6.23|AUTODETECT|” Judg. 6:23) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=7.19.20|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=7.19.20|AUTODETECT|” 19:20) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=9.25.6|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=9.25.6|AUTODETECT|” I Sam. 25:6) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=13.12.18|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=13.12.18|AUTODETECT|” I Chron. 12:18) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=19.122.8|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=19.122.8|AUTODETECT|” Ps. 122:8) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=27.4.1|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=27.4.1|AUTODETECT|” Dan. 4:1) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=27.6.25|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=27.6.25|AUTODETECT|” 6:25) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=27.10.19|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=27.10.19|AUTODETECT|” 10:19) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.36|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.36|AUTODETECT|” Luke 24:36) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.19|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.19|AUTODETECT|” John 20:19) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.21|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.21|AUTODETECT|” 21) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.26|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.26|AUTODETECT|” 26) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=4.6.24-4.6.26|AUTODETECT|” ), as even today. Nevertheless it makes a difference who says it. In the mind of an unthinking person it may be no more than a conventional phrase. Among friends it was and is undoubtedly the expression of a sincere wish. In the present instance, however, Peace be to this house is far more than a wish. In the name of their Sender these apostles not only wish peace but actually bring it. Cf. ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=4.6.24-4.6.26|AUTODETECT|” Num. 6:24 26) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 . Yet, there was nothing magical about this. The special blessing was for those who by grace were worthy to receive it, not for others. If the home is undeserving your peace & will return to you, says Jesus; that is, in that case no blessing will be bestowed.) 1 1 2 8 0 0 7. Remain in that very house, eating and drinking whatever they give you, for the worker is entitled to his wages. Do not keep moving about from house to house.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.1.36-41.1.38|AUTODETECT|” Each missionary pair must remain in the house which had proved itself worthy by extending a warm, hearty welcome. Having entered such a home, the men must consider it their headquarters until they leave that town for another place. For a possible reason for this instruction see on 9:4, where the same rule is laid down for The Twelve. We might add that the missionaries would, of course, not wish to impose too heavy a burden on any one family by staying too long. When they leave, what then? Move to another home in the same place? No, indeed! The King s business is urgent. When the time to leave the home has arrived, the men must move & not to another home in the same place, but to another place! Cf. ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.1.36-41.1.38|AUTODETECT|” Mark 1:36 38) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.42|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.42|AUTODETECT|” Luke 4:42) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.43|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.43|AUTODETECT|” 43) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 .) 1 1 2 8 0 0 Now while staying at this home Christ s ambassadors do not need to have any compunctions of conscience about getting free lodging and eating free meals. Are they not doing this home a great favor? The worker, after all, is worthy of, entitled to, his wages.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=5.25.4|AUTODETECT|” The principle Jesus here announces is rooted in the Old Testament. See ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=5.25.4|AUTODETECT|” Deut. 25:4) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=46.9.8-46.9.12|AUTODETECT|” , quoted first in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=46.9.8-46.9.12|AUTODETECT|” I Cor. 9:8 12) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=54.5.18|AUTODETECT|” , later in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=54.5.18|AUTODETECT|” I Tim. 5:18) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 :) 1 3 2 8 0 0 For the Scripture says, A threshing ox you shall not muzzle, and worthy of his pay (is) the worker. ) To every worker, therefore, whether that worker be an ox, a common laborer, or a minister of the gospel, God has given the right to partake of the fruits of his work. For more on this see N.T.C. on I and II Timothy and Titus, pp. 179 182.) 8, 9. And with respect to whatever town you enter and in which you are welcomed, eat what is set before you.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=46.10.25|AUTODETECT|” It must be borne in mind that the men who were being sent out on this mission at least most of them, we may well assume were Jews. But, as has been stated previously, as heralds of Jesus they were entering Trans-Jordan, a region where many Gentiles lived. That might create a problem with respect to food. So the Master tells these seventy-two men to go right ahead and eat whatever is placed before them, without asking any questions. Cf. ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=46.10.25|AUTODETECT|” I Cor. 10:25) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=46.10.27|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=46.10.27|AUTODETECT|” 27) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.7.14|AUTODETECT|” . This directive was entirely in line with the rest of Christ s teaching about matters clean and unclean. See ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.7.14|AUTODETECT|” Mark 7:14) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.7.15|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.7.15|AUTODETECT|” 15) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.7.19|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.7.19|AUTODETECT|” 19) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 , and N.T.C. on these passages.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.4.24|AUTODETECT|” Continued: Heal the sick who are there & Jesus instructed and empowered this large group of heralds to heal the sick. In other words, they were to be busy doing his work, the very activity in which he himself was constantly engaged 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.4.24|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 4:24) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.8.16|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.8.16|AUTODETECT|” 8:16) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.1.29-41.1.32|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.1.29-41.1.32|AUTODETECT|” Mark 1:29 32) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.6.53-41.6.56|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.6.53-41.6.56|AUTODETECT|” 6:53 56) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.40|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.40|AUTODETECT|” Luke 4:40) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.7.21-42.7.23|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.7.21-42.7.23|AUTODETECT|” 7:21 23) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.10.8|AUTODETECT|” ), and which he had also assigned to The Twelve 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.10.8|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 10:8) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.9.2|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.9.2|AUTODETECT|” Luke 9:2) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ). However, equally important perhaps even more so was the work that must constantly accompany the healing of the sick, namely, preaching: & and tell them, The kingdom of God has come near to you. As has been shown previously see on 4:43 that kingdom is God s kingship, rule or sovereignty, recognized in the hearts and operative in the lives of his people, and effecting their complete salvation.) 1 3 2 8 0 0 In verses 8, 9, Jesus has indicated the blessings that are in store for the town that welcomes his missionaries: the gospel will be proclaimed to its inhabitants and their sick will be healed. But what happens when the town refuses to welcome these men? For this we turn to verses) 10 12. But whenever you enter a town and are not welcomed, go into its streets and say, Even the dust from your town that sticks to our feet we wipe off against you. This symbolic action shaking the dust from the feet was a public declaration of the divine displeasure resting on any place that refused the gospel. For more on this see above, under 9:5.

Continued: Nevertheless, know this, that the kingdom of God has come near. By means of these words the grievous character of rejecting the good tidings must be impressed upon the minds and hearts of the people. They must be told that in rejecting Christ s messengers they are rejecting him & in fact, they are shutting themselves out! The kingdom cannot be stopped. But rejecters will bring down upon themselves its curse. Let this be proclaimed to them loudly and clearly, in order that they may still repent.) Directly addressing the seventy or seventy-two Jesus concludes his charge by saying: I tell you, it will be more tolerable for Sodom in that day than for that town.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=46.15.41|AUTODETECT|” As there are degrees of glory 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=46.15.41|AUTODETECT|” I Cor. 15:41) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=46.15.42|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=46.15.42|AUTODETECT|” 42) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.12.47|AUTODETECT|” ), so there are also degrees of punishment 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.12.47|AUTODETECT|” Luke 12:47) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.12.48|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.12.48|AUTODETECT|” 48) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=1.13.13|AUTODETECT|” ). Sodom, to be sure, sinned grievously 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=1.13.13|AUTODETECT|” Gen. 13:13) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=1.19.9|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=1.19.9|AUTODETECT|” 19:9) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=1.19.13|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=1.19.13|AUTODETECT|” 13) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.3.9|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.3.9|AUTODETECT|” Isa. 3:9) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=25.4.6|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=25.4.6|AUTODETECT|” Lam. 4:6) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=61.2.6|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=61.2.6|AUTODETECT|” II Peter 2:6) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=61.2.7|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=61.2.7|AUTODETECT|” 7) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=65.1.7|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=65.1.7|AUTODETECT|” Jude 7) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ); but the cities selected by the Lord Jesus Christ for receiving the very special privilege of having his personal representatives sent to them with a pleading and urgent appeal will have sinned even more grievously if they reject their golden opportunity. Therefore, in the day of the final judgment their sentence will be even more terrifying than that which will then be pronounced on Sodom.) 1 9 2 8 0 0 What is often ignored, in this connection, is that the message Jesus orders the seventy or seventy-two men to deliver to these cities if they should refuse to welcome his ambassadors is really meant not only for the wicked rejecters but even for the missionaries themselves; namely, in this sense, that it underscores and enhances the importance of Christ s gracious invitation. The effect upon these men must surely have been that they became more thoroughly convinced than ever about the significance of their mandate, so that, as a result, they exerted themselves all the more to be their Master s loyal representatives.) For Practical Lessons and Greek Words, etc., see pp. 585 590.) ) 10:13 16 Woes Pronounced on Impenitent Cities) 13 Woe to you Chorazin! woe to you Bethsaida! for if the mighty works done in you had been done in Tyre and Sidon, they would have repented long ago, sitting in sackcloth and ashes. 14 But for Tyre and Sidon it will be more tolerable in the judgment than for you. 15 And you Capernaum, will you be exalted to heaven? To Hades you shall be thrust down!��365��) 16 He who listens to you listens to me; but he who rejects you rejects me; and he who rejects me rejects him who sent me. ) ) These Woes on the impenitent cities were first pronounced during the middle or latter part of The Great Galilean Ministry. See N.T.C. on Matthew (11:20 24), p. 494. If their presence here in Luke is viewed as an indication that they were also included in Christ s Charge to the Seventy-two, as is probably correct (see on verse 21), then Jesus must have repeated these solemn words at this time. There can be no objection to that.

Do today s speakers (including preachers!) never repeat themselves?) One thing is certain: the topical connection with the immediately preceding is clear. Having indicated what will be the result of possible future impenitence (verses 10 12), Jesus now directs the attention of those whom he is addressing to the destiny of people who have already hardened their hearts.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.6.53|AUTODETECT|” 13. Woe to you Chorazin! woe to you Bethsaida! for if the mighty works done in you had been done in Tyre and Sidon, they would have repented long ago, sitting in sackcloth and ashes. It is probable that Chorazin and Bethsaida were situated very close to Capernaum, which is mentioned last of all, namely, in verse 15. The ruins of present-day Kerazeh, northwest of the Sea of Galilee, and two and one-half miles north of what used to be Capernaum, are all that is left of ancient Chorazin. The Bethsaida here mentioned could be either Bethsaida Julias, located just southeast of the point where the Jordan River, coming from the north, flows into the Sea of Galilee, or else another Bethsaida, situated closer to Capernaum.��366�� In view of the mention of Chorazin and Capernaum in this very connection, the latter would seem to be probable. If so, it was the Bethsaida located in the plain of Gennesaret 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.6.53|AUTODETECT|” Mark 6:53) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.1.44|AUTODETECT|” ), which stretches northwest from the Sea of Galilee. It was the home town of Philip, the place where Andrew and Peter also originally came from 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.1.44|AUTODETECT|” John 1:44) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.23.0|AUTODETECT|” ). It is easily understood that since Capernaum was for a long time Christ s headquarters, his mighty deeds would have been performed not only inside this city but also in the nearby towns of Chorazin and Bethsaida. Jesus states that if the mighty works done in the two last-named cities had been done in Tyre and Sidon, these Phoenician cities, situated more northerly, along the eastern shore of the Mediterranean, would have repented long ago. Yet, from ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.23.0|AUTODETECT|” Isa. 23) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=30.1.9|AUTODETECT|” and Ezek. 26 28 one receives the definite impression that the commercial seafarers and colonizers who inhabited these cities were proud, money-mad, and cruel. Amos denounced the Tyrians for selling Israelites into slavery to the Edomites 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=30.1.9|AUTODETECT|” Amos 1:9) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=29.3.6|AUTODETECT|” ). The Phoenicians also sold the children of Judah and the children of Jerusalem to the Greeks 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=29.3.6|AUTODETECT|” Joel 3:6) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ). In the description of pleasure-mad, arrogant, presumptuous Babylon of Rev. 17 19 there is much that brings back to mind the heathen center of wickedness and seduction, Tyre. The assertion, therefore, that had Tyre and Sidon been favored in a manner similar to Chorazin and Bethsaida, the people of these Phoenician cities would have repented long ago shows with what revulsion the Lord views those who were far more highly privileged but had remained impenitent. The woe pronounced upon them amounts to a curse.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.6.12|AUTODETECT|” Tyre and Sidon would have repented in sackcloth and ashes, says Jesus. Since the material of which sackcloth was made was a coarse kind of cloth, dark in color 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.6.12|AUTODETECT|” Rev. 6:12) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=32.3.6|AUTODETECT|” ), it was especially appropriate as a symbol of mourning. The sackcloth worn by mourners was actually a kind of shirt, with openings for neck and arms, slit down the front, and cast about the loins. It could be worn over an undergarment 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=32.3.6|AUTODETECT|” Jonah 3:6) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=11.21.27|AUTODETECT|” ) or directly over the skin 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=11.21.27|AUTODETECT|” I Kings 21:27) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=12.6.30|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=12.6.30|AUTODETECT|” II Kings 6:30) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=18.16.15|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=18.16.15|AUTODETECT|” Job 16:15) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.32.11|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.32.11|AUTODETECT|” Isa. 32:11) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ). This symbolic reference to sorrow is even strengthened by the addition of and ashes. Continued: 14. But for Tyre and Sidon it will be more tolerable in the judgment than for you. For explanation see on verse 12.) 1 2 2 8 0 0 The Lord now turns to the very heart and center of his activity, namely, Capernaum: 15. And you Capernaum, will you be exalted to heaven? To Hades you shall be thrust down!) Capernaum can mean village of Nahum. Even so, it is not at all certain that the place was named for the Old Testament prophet who predicted Nineveh s overthrow. Originally the reference may have been to some other Nahum. Or, since Nahum, in turn, means compassionate, the name may also be interpreted as village of compassion or of consolation. No one knows. What is established, however, is that at one time Matthew, the author of the Gospel named after him, had his office at this place. He was a publican, that is, a tax-collector or revenue officer.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.1.35-43.1.42|AUTODETECT|” It was in the vicinity of this town that Jesus had called his first disciples 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.1.35-43.1.42|AUTODETECT|” John 1:35 42) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.4.18-40.4.22|AUTODETECT|” ). For details (including geography) see N.T.C. on John, Vol. I, pp. 92, 93, 102 108. It was here also that Peter and Andrew, James and John were subsequently invited to become fishers of men 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.4.18-40.4.22|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 4:18 22) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.5.10|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.5.10|AUTODETECT|” Luke 5:10) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.23|AUTODETECT|” ). Capernaum became the center of Christ s activities, his headquarters during The Great Galilean Ministry. It was here that Jesus performed many miracles 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.23|AUTODETECT|” Luke 4:23) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.31-42.4.37|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.31-42.4.37|AUTODETECT|” 31 37) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.7.1-42.7.10|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.7.1-42.7.10|AUTODETECT|” 7:1 10) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.2.12|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.2.12|AUTODETECT|” John 2:12) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.6.24-43.6.65|AUTODETECT|” ), customarily attended the synagogue, and delivered several messages, including the address on The Bread of Life 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.6.24-43.6.65|AUTODETECT|” John 6:24 65) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ). Matthew even called Capernaum Christ s own city (9:1).) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.7.5|AUTODETECT|” The ruins of a Capernaum synagogue have been unearthed. It has been partly restored. That structure dates back to the second or third century a.d. It is thought that an older house of worship, probably the very one that had been provided by the centurion who loved the Jewish nation 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.7.5|AUTODETECT|” Luke 7:5) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.7.6|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.7.6|AUTODETECT|” 6) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.4.46-43.4.54|AUTODETECT|” ), and where Jesus taught, lies buried beneath the foundation of the one uncovered. It is evident that a detachment of soldiers was garrisoned at Capernaum. The story about the royal officer whose son Jesus healed 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.4.46-43.4.54|AUTODETECT|” John 4:46 54) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ) may indicate that Capernaum was also a center of political administration.) 1 2 2 8 0 0 In the year 1905 excavations were started at Tell Hum on the northwestern shore of the Sea of Galilee. They were completed by the Franciscans, who supplied evidence to show that Tell Hum is the site of ancient Capernaum, situated about two-and-a-half miles west of the place where the Jordan River, coming from the north, enters the sea.) For Jesus and his disciples the location was strategic, for from this point in (what used to be) the Zebulun-Naphtali territory, most of the towns and villages of Galilee and surroundings were easily accessible. They could be reached either by land for Capernaum was situated on the rather thickly populated shore and on the trade route that connected Damascus and the Mediterranean or else by sea.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.14.13|AUTODETECT|” By and large the population of Capernaum had remained impenitent in spite of all the labor of love which Jesus had bestowed upon it. It is for this reason that he now addresses this center of his activity in terms that remind one of ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.14.13|AUTODETECT|” Isa. 14:13) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.14.15|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.14.15|AUTODETECT|” 15) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.11.23|AUTODETECT|” , where the king of Babylon is pictured as boasting that he will ascend into heaven, and is then described as actually descending into Sheol s lowest depth. In a question full of dramatic emphasis Jesus, accordingly, asks, And you Capernaum, will you be exalted to heaven? In other words, You don t really expect to be exalted to heaven, do you? As far as the form is concerned, the question is so phrased as to expect a negative answer.��367�� This is irony, for Capernaum expects to be thus exalted. Swift as an arrow from a bow comes the answer, To Hades you shall be thrust down! Note position of Hades (before the verb) in this answer, making this curse-filled prediction all the more emphatic, an emphasis that is lost in many of the renderings. Here 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.11.23|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 11:23) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.16.23|AUTODETECT|” ), as probably everywhere in the Gospels, but not everywhere in the entire New Testament, Hades means hell. Note how sharply it is contrasted with heaven. Hades is here the place of torments and of the flame 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.16.23|AUTODETECT|” Luke 16:23) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.16.24|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.16.24|AUTODETECT|” 24) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.16.18|AUTODETECT|” ). See also N.T.C. on ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.16.18|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 16:18) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.16.23|AUTODETECT|” .��368�� And see below, on ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.16.23|AUTODETECT|” Luke 16:23) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.16.24|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.16.24|AUTODETECT|” 24) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 .) 1 6 2 8 0 0 That the utter ruin here predicted for the people of Capernaum also implied the destruction of their city is clear. As to the destruction of the city itself, what occurred here was so shocking that for centuries even Capernaum s site was a matter of dispute. Similarly, the punishment which was visited upon the people of Sodom and Gomorrah included the loss of their city. Nevertheless, in both cases it is the curse upon the people that is primary. It is as a result of their sin that the city too is destroyed, not vice versa.) 16. He who listens to you listens to me; but he who rejects you rejects me; and he who rejects me rejects him who sent me.) The importance of this dominical saying can hardly be exaggerated.

Jesus assures these seventy-two men that when they speak, he speaks. When the people listen to them, they are listening to him. Not only that but, since he was sent by the Father and always faithfully represents him, it follows that those who, with a receptive heart and surrendered will, cup their ears to the message of Christ s ambassadors are paying attention to Christ s Sender.) However, the emphasis of the passage now before us falls rather on the counterpart of this truth, namely, on the fact that anyone who rejects those who are commissioned by the Savior is rejected by the latter s Sender. And what could be more serious than that?) Now all this places a heavy burden of responsibility on men; not only on all prospective listeners but also on the seventy-two missionaries. It is clear that if they do not in word and deed truly represent their Lord, the comforting assurance imparted in verse 16a no longer holds for them.) On the other hand, on the assumption that a prayerful, consistent, and vigorous effort is being made by any servant of Christ whether he be a teacher, evangelist, minister, missionary, elder, deacon, or lay witness to impress the message of his Lord and Savior on the hearts and lives of people, on that assumption it is Christ himself who is speaking through that messenger. Moreover, it is not only Jesus who is being accepted or rejected but God Triune, who reveals himself in and through the Mediator.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.10.40|AUTODETECT|” A generation or so ago much was being said and written about Christus Mysticus; that is, Christ and those who by sovereign grace are his own united by means of an invisible bond. What a comfort this Spirit-wrought, organic, vital, transforming, personal union, definitely presupposed in the present passage! We find its echo not only in one or two other passages e.g., ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.10.40|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 10:40) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.13.20|AUTODETECT|” and ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.13.20|AUTODETECT|” John 13:20) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=38.2.8|AUTODETECT|” but also, whether completely or in part, in the following references: ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=38.2.8|AUTODETECT|” Zech. 2:8) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.10.25|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.10.25|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 10:25) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.18.5|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.18.5|AUTODETECT|” 18:5) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.25.40|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.25.40|AUTODETECT|” 25:40) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.10.27-43.10.30|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.10.27-43.10.30|AUTODETECT|” John 10:27 30) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.15.5|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.15.5|AUTODETECT|” 15:5) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.15.18-43.15.21|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.15.18-43.15.21|AUTODETECT|” 18 21) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.9.4|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.9.4|AUTODETECT|” Acts 9:4) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.9.5|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.9.5|AUTODETECT|” 5) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.8.38|AUTODETECT|” (22:7, 8; 26:14, 15); ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.8.38|AUTODETECT|” Rom. 8:38) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.8.39|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.8.39|AUTODETECT|” 39) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=47.1.5|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=47.1.5|AUTODETECT|” II Cor. 1:5) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=47.4.10|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=47.4.10|AUTODETECT|” 4:10) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=48.1.16|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=48.1.16|AUTODETECT|” Gal. 1:16) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=48.2.20|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=48.2.20|AUTODETECT|” 2:20) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=48.6.17|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=48.6.17|AUTODETECT|” 6:17) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=49.4.15|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=49.4.15|AUTODETECT|” Eph. 4:15) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=49.4.16|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=49.4.16|AUTODETECT|” 16) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=49.5.23-49.5.32|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=49.5.23-49.5.32|AUTODETECT|” 5:23 32) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=51.1.24|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=51.1.24|AUTODETECT|” Col. 1:24) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 , to which others could easily be added.) 1 13 2 8 0 0 For Practical Lessons and Greek Words, etc., see pp. 585 590.) ) 10:17 20 The Return of the Seventy-two (or Seventy)) 17 The seventy-two��369�� returned with joy, saying, Lord, even the demons were subject to us in thy name! 18 He said to them, I was watching Satan fall from heaven like lightning. 19 Look, I have given you authority to step on snakes and scorpions, and over all the power of the enemy, and nothing will in any way hurt you. 20 Nevertheless, it is not this in which you should rejoice, that the spirits submit to you, but this, that your names are recorded in heaven. ) ) 17. The seventy-two returned with joy, saying, Lord, even the demons were subject to us in thy name!) How long it took the seventy-two to accomplish their mission and at which place they returned to Jesus has not been revealed. What we do know is that they returned with joy and expressed their elation over the fact that even the demons had been subject to them in Christ s name. Evidently they had been successful in their mission: probably both in their preaching and in their healing and, what surprised them because as far as we know it had not even been included in the task that had been assigned to them (see verse 9) also in the matter of demon-expulsion!) 18. He said to them, I was watching Satan fall from heaven like lightning.) Of this passage there have been several interpretations:) a. Jesus meant, I saw Satan s original fall, his expulsion from heaven. ) b.

He meant, In my victory over the devil during the wilderness temptation I saw his fall. ) The trouble with both of these interpretations is that they are not contextual.) The right view is undoubtedly that expressed by Godet (op. cit., Vol. II, p. 24) in these words: [Jesus meant] While you were expelling the subordinates [the demons] I was seeing the master [Satan] fall. ) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.12.31|AUTODETECT|” While in the present passage Jesus speaks about Satan s sudden fall sudden and startling because the disciples had not expected this victory; perhaps even because the devil himself had not anticipated it elsewhere the Master refers to the prince of evil s ejection 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.12.31|AUTODETECT|” John 12:31) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.12.32|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.12.32|AUTODETECT|” 32) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.12.27|AUTODETECT|” ), and this in connection with Christ s own activity of drawing all men to himself. To this falling and being cast out should be added one more symbolic expression, that of binding the strong man, Beelzebul 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.12.27|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 12:27) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.12.29|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.12.29|AUTODETECT|” 29) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.20.1-66.20.3|AUTODETECT|” ). In the interpretation of ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.20.1-66.20.3|AUTODETECT|” Rev. 20:1 3) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 we should certainly give these passages their due. A good exegetical rule is always to allow Scripture to interpret Scripture!) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.24.14|AUTODETECT|” One important item should be added to this interpretation: in all probability the Master s exalted language, I was watching Satan fall from heaven like lightning, was not only a reference to this one event, namely, the success of the seventy-two, but rather to all similar events that would take place afterward. In other words, Jesus viewed the triumph of these seventy-two as being symptomatic of ever so many other victories over Satan throughout the course of the new dispensation, triumphs accomplished through the work of thousands of other missionaries. He was looking far into the future 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.24.14|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 24:14) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ). He saw the ultimate discomfiture of the ugly dragon and all his minions.) 1 1 2 8 0 0 Continued: 19. Look, I have given you authority to step on snakes and scorpions, and over all the power of the enemy, and nothing will in any way hurt you.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.16.18|AUTODETECT|” These words have frequently been quoted in close connection with ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.16.18|AUTODETECT|” Mark 16:18) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.28.3|AUTODETECT|” . A literal interpretation is then given to both passages. At times ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.28.3|AUTODETECT|” Acts 28:3) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.16.0|AUTODETECT|” is also cited. But Paul did not deliberately pick up a venomous snake nor did he step on it. As to the authenticity of ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.16.0|AUTODETECT|” Mark 16) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.10.19|AUTODETECT|” (16:9 20) see N.T.C. on Mark, pp. 682 687. In the passage now under discussion, namely, ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.10.19|AUTODETECT|” Luke 10:19) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 , the figurative explanation is almost certainly the correct one. Note the following:) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.16.6-40.16.12|AUTODETECT|” a. Jesus often made use of figurative language, though such language was frequently interpreted literally 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.16.6-40.16.12|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 16:6 12) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.8.52|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.8.52|AUTODETECT|” Luke 8:52) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.8.53|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.8.53|AUTODETECT|” 53) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.2.19-43.2.21|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.2.19-43.2.21|AUTODETECT|” John 2:19 21) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.3.3|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.3.3|AUTODETECT|” 3:3) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.3.4|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.3.4|AUTODETECT|” 4) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.4.13-43.4.15|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.4.13-43.4.15|AUTODETECT|” 4:13 15) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.6.51|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.6.51|AUTODETECT|” 6:51) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.6.52|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.6.52|AUTODETECT|” 52) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.11.11-43.11.13|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.11.11-43.11.13|AUTODETECT|” 11:11 13) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 , etc.).) 1 1 2 8 0 0 b. In the immediately preceding passage (verse 18) the Lord had used symbolical language when he spoke of seeing Satan falling from heaven like lightning.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.12.9|AUTODETECT|” c. If elsewhere Satan is called dragon and serpent 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.12.9|AUTODETECT|” Rev. 12:9) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.20.2|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.20.2|AUTODETECT|” 20:2) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.10.19|AUTODETECT|” ), why should it be strange if also here in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.10.19|AUTODETECT|” Luke 10:19) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 the domain of the prince of evil is called that of snakes and scorpions? Is it not Satan s intention to poison the minds of men and to impart the sting of death to all who oppose him?) 1 1 2 8 0 0 d. There is no record of any literal fulfilment of this statement.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.16.20|AUTODETECT|” e. The true interpretation is also supported by the explanatory expression (I have given you authority over) & all the power of the enemy. For explanation see ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.16.20|AUTODETECT|” Rom. 16:20) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 , The God of peace will soon crush Satan under your feet. ) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.10.27|AUTODETECT|” As to the promise, And nothing will in any way hurt you, see ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.10.27|AUTODETECT|” John 10:27) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.10.28|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.10.28|AUTODETECT|” 28) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.8.28-45.8.39|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.8.28-45.8.39|AUTODETECT|” Rom. 8:28 39) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 .) 1 1 2 8 0 0 Jesus took delight in the joy of the seventy-two. However, he did more than that: he purified that joy by telling them: 20. Nevertheless, it is not this in which you should rejoice, that the spirits submit to you, but this, that your names are recorded in heaven.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.4.3|AUTODETECT|” Jesus does not mean that these men erred in rejoicing over their God-given power over demons. Did not their ability to cast them out redound to God s glory? Did it not also result in delivering the enslaved from the powers of darkness? What the Master must have meant was that authority over demons was, after all, insignificant in comparison with having one s name recorded in heaven s book of life. Cf. ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.4.3|AUTODETECT|” Isa. 4:3) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=27.12.1|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=27.12.1|AUTODETECT|” Dan. 12:1) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.3.5|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.3.5|AUTODETECT|” Rev. 3:5) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.20.12|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.20.12|AUTODETECT|” 20:12) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.20.15|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.20.15|AUTODETECT|” 15) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 .) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.9.1|AUTODETECT|” Casting out demons ceases when life here on earth ends. But right standing with God, resulting in everlasting salvation to his glory, never ends. Besides, authority over demons does not guarantee salvation. It is entirely possible that even upon Judas had been bestowed the ability to cast out demons. See ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.9.1|AUTODETECT|” Luke 9:1) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 . But that did not make him a saved man!) 1 3 2 8 0 0 For Practical Lessons and Greek Words, etc., see pp. 585 590.) ) 10:21 24 The Rejoicing of Jesus) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.11.25-40.11.27|AUTODETECT|” Cf. ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.11.25-40.11.27|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 11:25 27) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.13.16|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.13.16|AUTODETECT|” 13:16) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.13.17|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.13.17|AUTODETECT|” 17) 1 3 2 8 0 0 21 At that time Jesus rejoiced greatly in the Holy Spirit, and said, I praise thee Father, Lord of heaven and earth, that thou didst hide these things from the wise and learned (people) and didst reveal them to babes; yes Father, for such was thy good pleasure. 22 All things have been handed over to me by my Father, and no one knows who the Son is except the Father, and no one knows who the Father is except the Son and anyone to whom the Son chooses to reveal him. ) 23 And turning to his disciples he said privately, Blessed (are) the eyes that see what you are seeing! 24 For I tell you that many prophets and kings wanted to see what you are seeing, but did not see it, and to hear what you are hearing, but did not hear it. ) ) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.11.25|AUTODETECT|” The beginning of this paragraph so closely resembles what is found in Matthew s Gospel that the opinion of many, namely, that the same event is being described in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.11.25|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 11:25) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.10.21|AUTODETECT|” ff. as here in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.10.21|AUTODETECT|” Luke 10:21) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ff., may well be correct. That event was the return of the seventy, or perhaps better, as has been indicated, the seventy-two. ) 1 6 2 8 0 0 Verses 1 24 of Luke s tenth chapter are clearly a unit: the charge to the seventy-two (verses 1 12), the serious consequences of rejecting their (hence their Savior s) message (verses 13 16), their return and exuberant report (verses 17 20), and Jesus own rejoicing coupled with the benediction he pronounced on the seventy-two (verses 21 24) belong together.) 21. At that time Jesus rejoiced greatly in the Holy Spirit, and said, I praise thee Father, Lord of heaven and earth, that thou didst hide these things from the wise and learned (people) and didst reveal them to babes; yes Father, for such was thy good pleasure.) At that time here indicates at the time of the return of the seventy-two and the report they brought. By mentioning the fact that Jesus rejoiced greatly in the Holy Spirit Luke means that this Spirit, by which the Savior had been anointed (4:18), was the cause and originator of his joy and thanksgiving. As was indicated in the Introduction, point I A 5 d, one of the many things which Luke and Paul have in common is their stress on the doctrine of the Holy Spirit.) Filled, then, with the Holy Spirit, and rejoicing because of the report brought by the seventy-two, Jesus lifts up his heart and voice to his Father, and says, I praise thee Father, etc.) Jesus does not say Our Father, the form of address he taught his disciples to use, but Father, and in verse 22 my Father, and this because the One who had sent him was and is his Father in a unique sense.) Altogether fitting is also the next title of address, Lord of heaven and earth. As such the Father is the sovereign Ruler, whose decisions must not be criticized.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.11.25|AUTODETECT|” The question may be asked, But how could Jesus praise the Father not only for revealing to some matters touching salvation, but even for concealing them from others? Perhaps the context supplies the answer, at least as far as an answer is possible. Jesus says, (I praise thee Father & that thou didst hide these things) from the wise and learned people. The reference seems to be to those who were wise in their own conceits 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.11.25|AUTODETECT|” Rom. 11:25) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.12.16|AUTODETECT|” ; cf. ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.12.16|AUTODETECT|” 12:16) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=59.4.6|AUTODETECT|” ). Is not he the One who resists the proud but imparts grace to the humble 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=59.4.6|AUTODETECT|” James 4:6) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 )? That the Lord actually is thinking about conceited people as contrasted with those who are humble seems to follow also from the words and didst reveal them to babes. ) 1 1 2 8 0 0 In the spiritual sense babes are those who have no confidence in self but are conscious of their complete dependence on the might and mercy of the heavenly Father, in whom they have placed their trust:) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.57.15|AUTODETECT|” For thus says the high and lofty One who inhabits eternity, whose name is holy: I dwell in the high and holy place, with him also who is of a contrite and humble spirit, to revive the spirit of the humble, and to revive the heart of the contrite 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.57.15|AUTODETECT|” Isa. 57:15) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ).) 1 1 2 8 0 0 It is as if the Mediator wishes to linger for a moment on this comforting thought, for in reverence and adoration he now continues, Yes Father, for such was thy good pleasure. Says H. Bavinck, In a certain sense the fall, sin, and eternal punishment are included in God s decree and are willed by him. But this is true in a certain sense only, and not in the same sense as grace and salvation. These are the objects of his delight; but God does not delight in sin, neither does he take pleasure in punishment. ��370��) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.11.27|AUTODETECT|” Whatever the sinner needs Jesus has at his disposal. He has all and knows all. 22. All things have been handed over to me by my Father, and no one knows who the Son is except the Father, and no one knows who the Father is except the Son and anyone to whom the Son chooses to reveal him. This statement varies slightly, but not at all essentially, from its parallel in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.11.27|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 11:27) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 .) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.11.1|AUTODETECT|” The Son has whatever the sinner needs. He has whatever is necessary for carrying out his mediatorial task. He was endowed with the Spirit of Jehovah, that is, with the Spirit of wisdom and understanding, counsel and might, knowledge and the fear of Jehovah 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.11.1|AUTODETECT|” Isa. 11:1) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.11.2|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.11.2|AUTODETECT|” 2) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ). All these spiritual qualities and many more have been entrusted to the Mediator by the Father, in order that from him as the Fountain they might flow out to others. Can anything be lacking in the Son s saving power? No, indeed, for so inexhaustible are his resources that the Father alone knows the Son. It is the Father alone who is able to penetrate to the depths of the Son s essence, his infinite treasures of wisdom, grace, power, etc.) 1 6 2 8 0 0 In order to be saved and to live to the glory of God Triune, does the sinner need to know the will of the Father? No one knows who the Father is except the Son & and now notice the significant and very comforting addition: and anyone to whom the Son chooses to reveal him. Truly) Thou, O Christ, art all I want;) More than all in thee I find.) Charles Wesley) Up to this moment Jesus has been addressing the seventy-two, to be sure (see especially verses 18 20), but in the presence of other people. Now he turns definitely to the large group of returned missionaries, and away from whatever crowd may have been present. This little touch, graphic and interesting, shows that Luke must have received his information from eyewitnesses. How otherwise would he have known this?

Of course, under the guidance of the Holy Spirit. We read:) 23, 24. And turning to his disciples he said privately, Blessed (are) the eyes that see what you are seeing! For I tell you that many prophets and kings wanted to see what you are seeing, but did not see it, and to hear what you are hearing, but did not hear it.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.13.16|AUTODETECT|” In substance these words with slight variation; for example, righteous persons instead of kings as here had also been addressed to The Twelve. See ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.13.16|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 13:16) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.13.17|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.13.17|AUTODETECT|” 17) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 . But now they are being spoken to this far larger group of witnesses.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.12.41|AUTODETECT|” What a difference between, on the one hand, many prophets and kings, namely those living on earth during the old dispensation; and even then not all the kings but such devout monarchs among them as David, Hezekiah, and Josiah; and, on the other hand, these seventy-two ambassadors! To be sure, even to the saints of the old dispensation glimpses of coming glory were given at times, even while these men were still living on earth. Thus, with the eyes of faith the prophet Isaiah in a vision saw Messiah s glory and spoke of him 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.12.41|AUTODETECT|” John 12:41) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=19.110.1|AUTODETECT|” ). King David in the Spirit ascribed to the coming Messiah the name Lord 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=19.110.1|AUTODETECT|” Ps. 110:1) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.22.44|AUTODETECT|” ; cf. ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.22.44|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 22:44) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.12.36|AUTODETECT|” ; see also ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.12.36|AUTODETECT|” Mark 12:36) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.20.42|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.20.42|AUTODETECT|” Luke 20:42) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.20.43|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.20.43|AUTODETECT|” 43) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.2.34|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.2.34|AUTODETECT|” Acts 2:34) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.2.35|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.2.35|AUTODETECT|” 35) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.1.13|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.1.13|AUTODETECT|” Heb. 1:13) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.11.13|AUTODETECT|” ). But none of these prophets and kings, while still on earth, saw the incarnate Christ. None heard his words. None witnessed his miracles. They all died in faith, not having received the fulfilment of the promises 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.11.13|AUTODETECT|” Heb. 11:13) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.11.40|AUTODETECT|” , cf. verse 39). That better thing 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.11.40|AUTODETECT|” Heb. 11:40) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ), the fulness of Messianic blessing, had been reserved for believers of the new day. And among all these believers The Twelve and the Seventy-two had been among those closest to Jesus. How blessed they were!��371��) 1 27 2 8 0 0 ) Practical Lessons Derived from 10:1 24) Verse 2a) The harvest (is) plentiful. That was true then. How much more now!) Verse 2b) Pray therefore the Lord of the harvest to thrust laborers into his harvest. Though all depends on God, he accomplishes his work by human means. Does this amount to saying, God has no hands but our hands ?) Verse 5) First say, Peace (be) to this house! Having entered the home, do not wait for those who live there to start the conversation.

It is you who should start. And let your approach be positive, not negative.) Verse 7) The worker is entitled to his wages. Congregations and denominations should take this to heart. Those who devote themselves entirely and wholeheartedly to religious work ministers, missionaries, etc. should not be regarded as objects of charity. The congregation or denomination owes them a living.) Verse 14) But for Tyre and Sidon it will be more tolerable in the judgment than for you. Responsibility varies with opportunity, and over the course of the centuries how these opportunities have increased!) Verse 16b) He who rejects you rejects me; and he who rejects me rejects him who sent me.

What requirements must a minister satisfy before he has a right to believe that he has been or is being unjustly rejected? What standards must a congregation meet before it has the right to feel aggrieved because of its minister?) Verse 18) I was watching Satan fall from heaven like lightning. The believer is comforted by the assurance that by grace the victory belongs to him. It is his because it is Christ s.) Verse 20) Nevertheless, it is not this in which you should rejoice, that the spirits submit to you, but this, that your names are recorded in heaven. How often men rejoice in earthly honors or accomplishments! How little in heavenly blessings, past, present, and future!) Verse 24) Many prophets and kings wanted to see what you are seeing, but did not see it.

The poorest Christian is richer by far than the richest worldling!) ) Notes on Greek Words, Phrases, and Constructions in 10:1 24) Verse 1) The textual evidence is evenly balanced between seventy and seventy-two. ) Note distributive use of ��; cf. 9:14.) ��x ��, lit. before his face (A.V.), the word face again, as in 9:51 53, used in Semitic sense.) Verse 2) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.*?id=40.13.30|AUTODETECT|”
The word ��, harvest, occurs three times in this verse; nominative, genitive, and accusative; nowhere else in Luke. It is found also in Matthew, Mark, John, and Revelation. At times this word refers to harvest-time and harvesting 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=40.13.30|AUTODETECT|”
Matt. 13:30) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=66.14.15|AUTODETECT|”
). There, as also in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=66.14.15|AUTODETECT|”
Rev. 14:15) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=42.10.2|AUTODETECT|”
, harvest-time indicates the final judgment. But here in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=42.10.2|AUTODETECT|”
Luke 10:2) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=43.4.35|AUTODETECT|”
7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=43.4.35|AUTODETECT|”
John 4:35) 1 1 -1 9 0 0
) the people are viewed as a crop or field that is ripe for the harvest. Cf. thermometer. Harvest-time generally comes during the latter part of the heat season (��).) 1 1 2 8 0 0
Verse 3) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.*?id=43.1.29|AUTODETECT|”
��, lambs, acc. pl., as if from ��, but the nominative was no longer in use. See, however, ��; and in the New Testament �� 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=43.1.29|AUTODETECT|”
John 1:29) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=43.1.36|AUTODETECT|”
, ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=43.1.36|AUTODETECT|”
36) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=44.8.32|AUTODETECT|”
; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=44.8.32|AUTODETECT|”
Acts 8:32) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=60.1.19|AUTODETECT|”
; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=60.1.19|AUTODETECT|”
I Peter 1:19) 1 1 -1 9 0 0
).) 1 4 2 8 0 0
Verse 4) ��, purse; ��, traveler s bag; Q��, sandals; acc. forms of, respectively, ��, ��, and Q�� (Q��, under, plus ��, to bind; hence, underbinding, a sole fastened to the foot with thongs).) ��, sec. per. pl. aor. middle subjunct. of ��, to greet.) Verse 6) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=21.12.4|AUTODETECT|”
�1x� �0��, son of peace, probably again a Hebraism, meaning only that it occurs with greater frequency in Hebrew than in Greek. It indicates that the person or thing so described stands in some relation to the object mentioned after son of. That relation may be one of quality, resemblance, derivation, destiny, etc. See the diagram on p. 588. In ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=21.12.4|AUTODETECT|”
Eccles. 12:4) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=21.12.0|AUTODETECT|”
notice even daughters of music. Musical sounds perhaps? Or simply songbirds ? See J. F. A. Sawyer, The Ruined House in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=21.12.0|AUTODETECT|”
Ecclesiastes 12) 1 1 -1 9 0 0: A Reconstruction of the Original Parable, JBL 94 (1975), p. 530. See p. 588 for diagram.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.2.17|AUTODETECT|” ��, third per. s. fut. indicat. middle of ��, to rest upon; in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.2.17|AUTODETECT|” Rom. 2:17) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 , to rely upon. Cf. pause.) 1 1 2 8 0 0 Note the two prefixes �� and ��; hence, as if to lean back upon. ) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.10.6|AUTODETECT|” ��, third per. s. fut. indicat. act. of ��, basically: to bend back; in the New Testament 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.10.6|AUTODETECT|” Luke 10:6) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.2.12|AUTODETECT|” also ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.2.12|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 2:12) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.18.21|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.18.21|AUTODETECT|” Acts 18:21) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.11.15|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.11.15|AUTODETECT|” Heb. 11:15) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ), to turn back, to return.) 1 14 2 8 0 0 Verse 7) ��, sec. per. pl. pres. (durative) imperative (here in a prohibition) of ��, to go or move from one place to another.) Verse 8) ��, acc. pl. neut. pres. pass. participle of ��, to set before. Cf. 9:16.) Verse 9) $��, third per. s. perf. indicat. act. of ��, to approach, come near; so here and in verse 11: has come near. Cf. ��, near, as to relationship, place, or time.) Verse 10) ��, wide avenue, street; from ��, broad, wide. Cf. place, plateau.) Verse 11) ��, acc. s. masc. aor. pass. participle of ��, to stick, adhere to, unite with. Cf. colloid. There may even be a distant connection between this Greek word and glue.) ��, first per. pl. pres. indicat. middle of ��, to wipe off.) The Probably Hebraic Expression son(s) of ) Reference Phrase) son or sons of Probable Meaning ) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=9.14.52|AUTODETECT|” 1 ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=9.14.52|AUTODETECT|” I Sam. 14:52) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 bravery brave men ) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=10.3.34|AUTODETECT|” 2 ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=10.3.34|AUTODETECT|” II Sam. 3:34) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 wickedness wicked people ) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=10.7.10|AUTODETECT|” 3 ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=10.7.10|AUTODETECT|” II Sam. 7:10) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 violence violent men ) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=9.26.16|AUTODETECT|” 4 & 5 ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=9.26.16|AUTODETECT|” I Sam. 26:16) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=19.79.11|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=19.79.11|AUTODETECT|” Psalms 79:11) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 death men doomed to die or deserving to die ) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.23.15|AUTODETECT|” 6 ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.23.15|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 23:15) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 hell man worthy of and bound for hell ) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.3.17|AUTODETECT|” 7 ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.3.17|AUTODETECT|” Mark 3:17) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 thunder men of fierce disposition ) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.10.6|AUTODETECT|” 8 ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.10.6|AUTODETECT|” Luke 10:6) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 peace lovers of peace ) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.16.8|AUTODETECT|” 9 ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.16.8|AUTODETECT|” Luke 16:8) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 a this world worldly people ) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.16.8|AUTODETECT|” 10 ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.16.8|AUTODETECT|” Luke 16:8) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 b the light people who possess the light of wisdom, holiness, joy, etc. ) 1 1 2 8 0 0 11 John 17:12 perdition man doomed to perish, utterly lost (Judas) ) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.4.36|AUTODETECT|” 12 ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.4.36|AUTODETECT|” Acts 4:36) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 exhortation (or encouragement) expert in imparting encouragement ) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=49.2.2|AUTODETECT|” 13 & 14 15 ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=49.2.2|AUTODETECT|” Ephesians 2:2) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=51.3.6|AUTODETECT|” & 5:6; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=51.3.6|AUTODETECT|” Col. 3:6) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 disobedience disobedient people ) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=52.5.5|AUTODETECT|” 16 ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=52.5.5|AUTODETECT|” I Thess. 5:5) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.16.8|AUTODETECT|” light and of day same as No. 10 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.16.8|AUTODETECT|” Luke 16:8) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 b) ) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=53.2.3|AUTODETECT|” 17 ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=53.2.3|AUTODETECT|” II Thess. 2:3) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.17.12|AUTODETECT|” perdition same as No. 11 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.17.12|AUTODETECT|” John 17:12) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ), but now with reference to the Antichrist. ) 1 8 2 8 0 0 ) Verse 12) ��, more tolerable (so also in verse 14), comparat. of ��, -�, -��. Cf. ��, to hold up under, put up with, endure, bear, tolerate. See the note on 9:41 on page 524.) Verse 13) ��, adverb indicating past time; here: long ago.) ��, dat. s. of ��, ashes.) ��, third per. pl. aor. indicat. of ��, to undergo a basic change, to be converted; here, because of context note in sackcloth and ashes to repent. For more on this verb see N.T.C. on Matthew, pp. 196, 197; on Mark, pp. 57, 58.) Verse 15) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.11.23|AUTODETECT|” ��, sec. per. s. fut. indicat. pass. of ��, to cause to descend; hence, in pass.: to be made to descend, to be thrust down. However, the reading is in doubt. The variant �� 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.11.23|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 11:23) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.10.15|AUTODETECT|” ) may be correct also here in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.10.15|AUTODETECT|” Luke 10:15) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 . If so, the meaning would be, To Hades you shall descend. ) 1 4 2 8 0 0 Verse 16) ��, nom. s. masc. pres. act. participle of �� ( and ��), to set aside, reject. Note also the third per. s. ��. Each form occurs twice in this verse.) Verse 18) Here �� is first per. s. imperf. indicat. act. of ��, not third per. pl. though the form is the same. The meaning is: to observe, watch; hence here I was watching. On this verb and its synonyms see also N.T.C. on John, Vol. I, p. 85, footnote 33.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.11.36|AUTODETECT|” ��, lightning, but in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.11.36|AUTODETECT|” Luke 11:36) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 shining brightness.) 1 3 2 8 0 0 Verse 19) ��, pres. act. infinitive of ��, to tread. Cf. path. D��, serpent; here gen. pl. D��. Cf. ophidian. Note also the strong negative, which may be rendered nothing at all, nothing in any way. ) Verse 20) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=47.3.2|AUTODETECT|” ��, third per. s. perf. indicat. pass. of ��, in the New Testament occurring only here and in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=47.3.2|AUTODETECT|” II Cor. 3:2) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=47.3.3|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=47.3.3|AUTODETECT|”

1 1 -1 9 0 0 , to record, write in. The names have been, and thus remain, recorded. Once written, they stand. Cf. engrave.) 1 2 2 8 0 0 Verse 21) For �� (cf. 1:47), third per. s. aor. indicat. middle of ��, to leap or thrill with joy, to rejoice greatly, see the note on 1:14 on page 80.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.11.25|AUTODETECT|” ��, first per. s. pres. indicat. middle of ��, here and in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.11.25|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 11:25) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 in the sense of: to praise, to give thanks. For more detailed discussion of this verb see N.T.C. on Matthew, footnote 477 on pp. 497, 498.) 1 2 2 8 0 0 ��, sec. per. s. aor. indicat. act. of �� (= �� and ��), to hide (away), conceal. Cf. Apocrypha.) ��, gen. pl. of ��; cf. ��, to send together. The reference is to those who are able to put two and two together, that is, to the intelligent or learned people. Note the last four words of verse 21; literally, for so it was [or: became] good pleasure before thee, another marked Semitism.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.10.1|AUTODETECT|” �P��, good pleasure. Sometimes this noun is used with reference to human delight, good will, pleasure, or resolve 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.10.1|AUTODETECT|” Rom. 10:1) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=50.1.15|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=50.1.15|AUTODETECT|” Phil. 1:15) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=53.1.11|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=53.1.11|AUTODETECT|” II Thess. 1:11) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.15.26|AUTODETECT|” ). So it is also with the verb �P�� 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.15.26|AUTODETECT|” Rom. 15:26) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.15.27|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.15.27|AUTODETECT|”
1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=47.5.8|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=47.5.8|AUTODETECT|” II Cor. 5:8) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=52.2.8|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=52.2.8|AUTODETECT|”
7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=52.2.8|AUTODETECT|” Thess. 2:8) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=52.3.1|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=52.3.1|AUTODETECT|” 3:1) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=53.2.12|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=53.2.12|AUTODETECT|” II Thess. 2:12) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.2.14|AUTODETECT|” ). When the reference of the noun is to God s good pleasure or delight the contexts are as-follows: Those with whom God is delighted 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.2.14|AUTODETECT|” Luke 2:14) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=49.1.5|AUTODETECT|” ); God s delight in choosing a people for himself 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=49.1.5|AUTODETECT|” Eph. 1:5) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=49.1.9|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=49.1.9|AUTODETECT|”
1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=50.2.13|AUTODETECT|” ) and in the fact that, by means of the strength imparted by God, believers are working out their own salvation 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=50.2.13|AUTODETECT|” Phil. 2:13) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.3.17|AUTODETECT|” ). As to the verb, the action positively expressed, the references are to the Father s delight in the Son 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.3.17|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 3:17) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.12.18|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.12.18|AUTODETECT|” 12:18) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.17.5|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.17.5|AUTODETECT|” 17:5) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.1.11|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.1.11|AUTODETECT|” Mark 1:11) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.3.22|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.3.22|AUTODETECT|” Luke 3:22) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=61.1.17|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=61.1.17|AUTODETECT|” II Peter 1:17) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.12.32|AUTODETECT|” ), to his good pleasure in (a) giving his children the kingdom 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.12.32|AUTODETECT|” Luke 12:32) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=46.1.21|AUTODETECT|” ), (b) the salvation of his people through the preaching of the gospel 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=46.1.21|AUTODETECT|” I Cor. 1:21) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=48.1.15|AUTODETECT|” ), (c) revealing his Son in Paul 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=48.1.15|AUTODETECT|” Gal. 1:15) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=51.1.19|AUTODETECT|” ), and (d) the decision that in Christ all the fulness should dwell 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=51.1.19|AUTODETECT|” Col. 1:19) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=46.10.5|AUTODETECT|” ). Negative references: God is not delighted with unbelievers 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=46.10.5|AUTODETECT|” I Cor. 10:5) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.10.6|AUTODETECT|” ), with burnt-offerings 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.10.6|AUTODETECT|” Heb. 10:6) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.10.8|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.10.8|AUTODETECT|”
1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.10.38|AUTODETECT|” ), and with those who shrink back 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.10.38|AUTODETECT|” Heb. 10:38) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ).) 1 1 2 8 0 0 Verse 22) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=49.1.4|AUTODETECT|” According to Lenski s Interpretation of St. Luke, p. 373, the aorist �� refers to the incarnation. The tense itself, however, says nothing whatever about the length of time in which the indicated action took place, nor does it tell us when it took place. In the immediately preceding context (verse 21), however, there was a reference to the Father s sovereign good pleasure (�P��) regarding the revelation of the matter of salvation to babes. This good pleasure (same word in the original), used in a similar connection, is by Paul linked with the election and foreordination in Christ that took place before the foundation of the world 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=49.1.4|AUTODETECT|” Eph. 1:4) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=49.1.5|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=49.1.5|AUTODETECT|”
1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=49.1.7|AUTODETECT|” ). What was decided from all eternity was realized in time 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=49.1.7|AUTODETECT|” Eph. 1:7) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.10.22|AUTODETECT|” ff.). It would seem, therefore, that also here in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.10.22|AUTODETECT|” Luke 10:22) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 it is not necessary or even advisable to connect the action indicated by �� with one particular moment in Christ s existence, for example, with the incarnation. The entire process what happened in eternity, at the incarnation, at the baptism, and even later may well be indicated by the verb. The use of the aorist is no obstacle. See also N.T.C. on John, Vol. I, p. 125, footnote 64.) 1 10 2 8 0 0 ��, third per. s. pres. subjunct. of ��, with the Son as subject. The meaning of the verb is: to be willing.) ) 10:25 37 The Parable of The Samaritan Who Cared) 25 And behold, a certain law-expert stood up to test him. Teacher, he asked, What must I do to inherit��372�� everlasting life? 26 He answered, What is written in the law? How do you read (it)? 27 He answered, You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, with all your soul, with all your strength, and with all your mind; and your neighbor as yourself. 28 Jesus replied, You have answered correctly; keep on doing this, and you shall live. 29 But he, wishing to justify himself, said, And who is my neighbor? 30 Taking him up on this, Jesus said:) A certain man was going down from Jerusalem to Jericho, and he fell among robbers. They stripped him, struck him blow upon blow, and went off, leaving him half dead. 31 Now a priest happened to be going��373�� down that road, but when he saw him, passed by on the opposite side. 32 So too a Levite came to the place, and when he saw him passed by on the opposite side. 33 But a certain Samaritan, as he traveled, came down to him, and upon seeing him his heart went out to him. 34 So he approached him and bandaged his wounds, pouring on oil and wine. Then he mounted the man on his own beast, took him to an inn, and took care of him. 35 The next day he took out two denarii, gave them to the innkeeper and said, Take care of him, and whatever more you spend I myself will duly repay you when I return. 36 Which of these three, do you think, proved to be a neighbor to the man who fell into (the hands of) the robbers? 37 The law-expert replied, The man who took pity on him.

Jesus said to him, Go and keep on doing likewise. ) ) A. A preliminary conversation) between) Jesus and a law-expert) The connection, if any, between the immediately preceding account (10:21 24) and the one here introduced is unclear. In the Summary (p. 533) a mere possibility has been suggested.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.22.37|AUTODETECT|” It is true that a digest of the law, similar to the one found here in verse 27, also occurs in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.22.37|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 22:37) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.12.29-41.12.31|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.12.29-41.12.31|AUTODETECT|” Mark 12:29 31) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 , but the two accounts Matthew-Mark s and Luke s do not describe the same incident:) 1 8 2 8 0 0 a. In Matthew-Mark it is Jesus himself who summarizes the law; in Luke the law-expert does this.) b. In Matthew-Mark the summary is given in answer to the question, Which is the great commandment in the law? In Luke it is given in response to, What is written in the law? How do you read (it)? ) c. In Matthew-Mark Jesus has something good to say about the scribe.

In Luke the description given with respect to the law-expert is not nearly as favorable.) d. The incident reported in Matthew-Mark occurred on Tuesday of Passion Week; the one related here in Luke occurred earlier.) 25. And behold, a certain law-expert stood up to test him. Teacher, he asked, What must I do to inherit everlasting life?) Though certainty is lacking with respect to the precise circumstances that gave rise to this question, the following reconstruction is probably not wide of the mark:) Jesus has been teaching the people. Before he leaves, a law-expert rises. For a description of the group to which he belonged see on 5:17.

Supposedly well-versed in the Pentateuch, this man attempts to embarrass Jesus. He tries to show him up before the public. It is clear both from verse 25 and verse 29 that this man s motives were far from honorable.) The question he asked must have sounded innocent, commendable even: What must I do to inherit [or: obtain possession of] everlasting life? ) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.5.5|AUTODETECT|” Everlasting life, how beautiful the term, and how superlatively precious the essence indicated by it! It refers to the kind of life that is not only endless in duration but also priceless in quality. It embraces such treasures as the love of God shed abroad in our hearts 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.5.5|AUTODETECT|” Rom. 5:5) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=50.4.7|AUTODETECT|” ), the peace of God that surpasses all understanding 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=50.4.7|AUTODETECT|” Phil. 4:7) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=60.1.8|AUTODETECT|” ), joy inexpressible and full of glory 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=60.1.8|AUTODETECT|” I Peter 1:8) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.17.3|AUTODETECT|” ), and fellowship with God the Father and with his Son 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.17.3|AUTODETECT|” John 17:3) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ). It is not suggested that this law-expert was aware of the full significance of the term he used, but it must be admitted that he was making inquiries about a most important matter. On the other hand, does not the very fact that everlasting life is such a glorious commodity make a wrongly motivated question about it all the more reprehensible?) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.5.17|AUTODETECT|” 26. He answered, What is written in the law? How do you read (it)? Note how marvelously Jesus parries the question. Instead of answering it, he asks the lawyer a counter-question. By implication he is also immediately informing the questioner that he, Jesus, is not teaching a new doctrine; he is adhering strictly to the basic principles of God s holy law. Cf. ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.5.17|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 5:17) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 .) 1 1 2 8 0 0 27. He answered, You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, with all your soul, with all your strength, and with all your mind; and your neighbor as yourself.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=5.6.5|AUTODETECT|” The law-expert s answer was a correct restatement of ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=5.6.5|AUTODETECT|” Deut. 6:5) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=3.19.18|AUTODETECT|” and ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=3.19.18|AUTODETECT|” Lev. 19:18) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 . These passages imply that the very essence of all true religion is love, outgoingness; that this love must have both God and the neighbor as its objects; that in relation to God it must be exercised by all the faculties with which God has gifted man, and must be wholehearted note the fourfold with all and that with respect to the neighbor it must be neither less in extent than nor inferior in quality to the love for self.) 1 2 2 8 0 0 28. Jesus replied, You have answered correctly; keep on doing this, and you shall live.) The answer is clear. If any human being would actually fulfil this law of love to perfection, he would indeed obtain everlasting life.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.7.12|AUTODETECT|” There was nothing wrong with this high requirement of the law: The law is holy, and the commandment is holy and righteous and good 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.7.12|AUTODETECT|” Rom. 7:12) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=48.3.12|AUTODETECT|” ). The man who does these things will live by them 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=48.3.12|AUTODETECT|” Gal. 3:12) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.7.14|AUTODETECT|” ). The trouble is not with the divine principle that perfect obedience results in everlasting life. What, then, is wrong? Paul answers in these words, We know that the law is spiritual; but I am carnal, sold under sin 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.7.14|AUTODETECT|” Rom. 7:14) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.11.28|AUTODETECT|” ). If only the law-expert will now admit this. If only he will cry out, O God, be merciful to me, the sinner! If he will do this, Jesus can supply the further answer to the lawyer s question, that answer being, Come to me you who are weary and burdened, and I will give you rest. See ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.11.28|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 11:28) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.3.16|AUTODETECT|” . Cf. ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.3.16|AUTODETECT|” John 3:16) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.3.36|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.3.36|AUTODETECT|” 36) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.5.24|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.5.24|AUTODETECT|” 5:24) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.6.51|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.6.51|AUTODETECT|” 6:51) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.7.37|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.7.37|AUTODETECT|” 7:37) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.10.27|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.10.27|AUTODETECT|” 10:27) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.10.28|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.10.28|AUTODETECT|” 28) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.22.17|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.22.17|AUTODETECT|” Rev. 22:17) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 .) 1 1 2 8 0 0 What the law-expert does, however, is the very opposite. He knows, of course, that he has by no means arrived, has not at all reached the goal of perfection. So he tries to exculpate himself. He seems to be thinking, The law is not very clear, especially in the matter of loving the neighbor. Who is my neighbor anyway? Let Jesus provide a definition, a precise description or formulation. ) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.18.9|AUTODETECT|” Undoubtedly the questioner, proud man that he probably Isaiah 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.18.9|AUTODETECT|” Luke 18:9) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ), is already chuckling within, thinking, I have you where I want you now. You will never be able to answer this difficult question. He is again trying to lure Jesus into committing a faux pas, a blunder. Simultaneously he is trying to absolve himself from any guilt: 29. But he, wishing to justify himself, said, And who is my neighbor?) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=3.19.18|AUTODETECT|” On this point there was a wide variety of opinion among the Jews.��374�� There were those who perverted the command of ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=3.19.18|AUTODETECT|” Lev. 19:18) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.5.43-40.5.48|AUTODETECT|” into meaning: You shall love your neighbor and hate your enemy. Jesus refutes this interpretation in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.5.43-40.5.48|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 5:43 48) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.7.49|AUTODETECT|” . A widely accepted view seems to have been, Love your neighbor, the Israelite. The Pharisees, however, narrowed this down even more, namely, to Love your neighbor, the Pharisee. They reasoned, But this rabble that does not know the law, accursed are they 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.7.49|AUTODETECT|” John 7:49) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ). And the Qumran people were declaring that anyone who did not belong to their little group was a son of darkness and should be hated.��375��) 1 10 2 8 0 0 It is clear, therefore, that with the question, And who is my neighbor? the law-expert tried to quiet his own conscience and embarrass Jesus.) B. The parable) At this point in the conversation Jesus begins to tell his parable, a story that will live forever. By means of it he is going to show the law-expert that the latter s very approach, his very question, is wrong.) 30. Taking him up on this, Jesus said: A certain man was going down from Jerusalem to Jericho, and he fell among robbers. They stripped him, struck him blow upon blow, and went off, leaving him half dead.) A certain man, or simply A man. Though Jesus does not say to what nationality this person belonged, the story itself makes it clear that the man in question was a Jew.

If he had not been a Jew the Lord would have said so.) This man, then, was going down from Jerusalem, about .9 kil. (3000 ft.) above sea level, to Jericho, over .3 kil. (more than 1000 ft.) below the level of the Mediterranean Sea. Since the distance between Jerusalem and Jericho (to the east) is about 27+ kilometers (17 miles), it is immediately obvious that the decline is rather steep. As a photograph of part of this road (No. 351 on p. 123 of Grollenberg, Atlas of the Bible) shows, this road passes through mountainous territory. It is rugged and rocky, and during the days of Christ s sojourn on earth and, in fact, until rather recently dangerous for traveling, skirted, as it is, by many a cave or hollow, facilitating escape for robbers and other criminals.) According to the parable, then, this man, traveling all by himself, was attacked by highwaymen. Escape was impossible, for, according to the Greek original, the robbers surrounded him. They stripped him; and this, we may be sure, not only of his clothing but of whatever he had taken along with him.

If up to this point he had been riding on a donkey, they took that. If he had any money on him, they did not allow him to keep that, etc. Quickly he was rendered helpless, for they struck him blow upon blow. In colloquial language we might say, They beat him up, socking him again and again, until they left him lying along the side of the road, half dead.) Then they left. Will anyone come to the rescue? Or is he about to die?) 31.

Now a priest happened to be going down that road, but when he saw him, passed by on the opposite side. How unfeeling! And that for a priest, a holy man! In fact, one who only a little while ago had probably been engaged in sacred temple activities, and was now very likely on his way home, traveling from Jerusalem to Jericho, where many a priest and Levite lived.) This priest, a Jew of course, refuses to render assistance to a fellow Jew. He avoids his duty and, instead of rescuing the perishing who needs him very badly, he passes by on the opposite side of the road.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.1.8|AUTODETECT|” For such base neglect there is no excuse. The attempt to absolve him by theorizing that by coming into contact with a corpse he would incur ritual impurity, making it impossible for him to function in the temple, fails. For, first of all, he was not now on his way to the temple but homeward bound, and he might not have to return to the temple for some time. See on ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.1.8|AUTODETECT|” Luke 1:8) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.1.23|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.1.23|AUTODETECT|” 23) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=33.6.8|AUTODETECT|” . And even more important is the fact that showing mercy to those in need is one of the most basic and imperative requirements of the law of God. See ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=33.6.8|AUTODETECT|” Mic. 6:8) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=3.19.34|AUTODETECT|” . If Israelites were required to show mercy even to strangers 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=3.19.34|AUTODETECT|” Lev. 19:34) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=2.23.4|AUTODETECT|” ) and enemies 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=2.23.4|AUTODETECT|” Exod. 23:4) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=2.23.5|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=2.23.5|AUTODETECT|” 5) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=12.6.8-12.6.23|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=12.6.8-12.6.23|AUTODETECT|” II Kings 6:8 23) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ), then surely to fellow Israelites! For the priest s sinful neglect there was no justification whatever. The man just did not want to get involved. Does that phrase have a modern ring?) 1 2 2 8 0 0 32. So too a Levite came to the place, and when he saw him passed by on the opposite side. The priest s helper is not any better than the priest. He, too, as soon as he sees the grievously wounded man, makes sure that he remains as far as possible away from him, passing by on the opposite side of the road.) Is the waylaid, robbed, and tortured Jew going to be left to die then? So it looks. For, as if all this were not trouble enough, there comes & a Samaritan!) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.8.48|AUTODETECT|” 33. But a certain Samaritan, as he traveled, came down to him. Now things are bound to get worse. Did not the Jews and the Samaritans hate each other? When the enemies of Jesus wanted to vent their spleen at him, did they not call him a Samaritan 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.8.48|AUTODETECT|” John 8:48) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.9.53|AUTODETECT|” )? And did not the Samaritans return hatred for hatred 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.9.53|AUTODETECT|” Luke 9:53) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 )? Surely, now the last, faint glimmer of hope is about to vanish.) 1 1 2 8 0 0 So it might well appear. But what happens?) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.9.36|AUTODETECT|” Continued: & and upon seeing him his heart went out to him. As soon as the Samaritan saw the sorely afflicted one, his heart went out to him. This makes us think of Jesus himself 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.9.36|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 9:36) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=14.28.15|AUTODETECT|” ), though it would be wrong to say that the Samaritan represents or symbolizes Jesus. And can anyone who knows his Bible read this story and not be reminded of the similarly loving attitude and deed of other people, in the long ago, people who in a certain sense were countrymen of him whose eyes were now filled with genuine sympathy, and who was about to dismount and go into action? See ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=14.28.15|AUTODETECT|” II. Chron. 28:15) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 .) 1 3 2 8 0 0 34. So he approached him and bandaged his wounds, pouring on oil and wine. Having dismounted, the Samaritan crosses over to the side of the road where the half-dead man is lying. He immediately administers first aid by washing his wounds with wine (because of its alcoholic content being a disinfectant and antiseptic), and by pouring into them soothing oil, acting as a kind of salve. Then he mounted the man on his own beast, took him to an inn, and took care of him. What a marvelous picture: the Samaritan walking by the side of his donkey and giving support to the tragic figure on the way to the inn!) When they arrived there, the Samaritan did not say, Here s where my responsibility ends.

I ve already spent too much time on this man. Now let others take over. No, he took care of him personally. Did he keep vigil all through the night, rising every once in a while to see how his charge was doing?) The next day arrives. The Samaritan was he a businessman perhaps? must be on his way. Even now, however, he does not say, I ve done my full duty.

From here on it s up to the innkeeper and the man himself. No, the text continues: 35. The next day he took out two denarii, gave them to the innkeeper and said, Take care of him, and whatever more you spend I myself will duly repay you when I return.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.20.9|AUTODETECT|” Two denarii was an amount equal to two days wages for the average laborer 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.20.9|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 20:9) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ), a sum which, according to the prices charged at that time for room and board, would amply suffice for several days. The Samaritan is careful to assure the innkeeper that the latter will not suffer any loss in taking good care of the Jew. He says, as it were, On my return I myself will repay any additional expense you may incur. So charge it to me, not to him. ) 1 5 2 8 0 0 C. The conversation resumed and concluded) 36. Which of these three, do you think, proved to be a neighbor to the man who fell into (the hands of) the robbers?) The exact wording should be noted. The law-expert had asked, And who is my neighbor? Jesus now asks him, Which of the three proved to be [or: was] a neighbor to the man & ? What Jesus is emphasizing, therefore, is this, The question is not, Who is my neighbor? but Am I being a neighbor to those needy ones whom the Lord places in my path? 37.

The law-expert replied, The man who took pity on him. The fact that he did not say, The Samaritan, should not be counted against him, as if he hated the Samaritans so thoroughly that even now he did not want to mention them by name. On the contrary, since the answer given showed what kind of a man had come to the rescue, it was even better than the reply the Samaritan would have been.) Jesus said to him, Go and keep on doing likewise, meaning, That manner of life should from now on be yours.) It may be asked, Does this answer of our Lord shed any light on the law-expert s original question, What must I do to inherit everlasting life? The answer would have to be, Yes, it does. Not as if being a good neighbor would all by itself assure salvation. But proving oneself to be a neighbor, and doing this to perfection, and besides, loving God with a love that is also perfect, would indeed result in everlasting life.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.8.1-45.8.3|AUTODETECT|” We hasten to add, however, that such perfection is impossible on this sinful earth. Yet, the demand of God s law is not abrogated. The solution of this problem has been furnished by God himself. Jesus Christ, by the substitutionary sacrifice of himself and by his life of perfect obedience, has done for us what we ourselves would never have been able to do. See ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.8.1-45.8.3|AUTODETECT|” Rom. 8:1 3) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=47.5.21|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=47.5.21|AUTODETECT|” II Cor. 5:21) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=48.3.13|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=48.3.13|AUTODETECT|” Gal. 3:13) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 . Therefore:) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=48.2.16|AUTODETECT|” a. We must sincerely confess that it is forever impossible for us, by our own action, to fulfil the demands of God s law: By the works of the law shall no flesh be justified 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=48.2.16|AUTODETECT|” Gal. 2:16) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ).) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.3.16|AUTODETECT|” b. We must, by God s grace and the power of his Spirit, place our trust in Christ 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.3.16|AUTODETECT|” John 3:16) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.3.36|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.3.36|AUTODETECT|” 36) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ).) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.13.8-45.13.10|AUTODETECT|” c. Out of gratitude for the salvation which, because of Christ s merits, we have received as a free gift, we must now, guided and empowered by the Holy Spirit, live a life to the glory of God Triune. This means that even though while on earth we cannot love God and the neighbor perfectly, yet in principle we will begin to live in accordance with his law. The law of love has not been abrogated. See ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.13.8-45.13.10|AUTODETECT|” Rom. 13:8 10) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 .) 1 15 2 8 0 0 There are, accordingly, two songs we should sing. Both are right and both are beautiful. One is:) Free from the law, O happy condition,) Jesus hath bled, and there is remission.) P. P. Bliss) The other has this refrain:) O how love I thy law, O how love I thy law!) It is my meditation all the day.) From the Chorus of Most Perfect Is the Law of God, U. P.

Psalter, 1916.) A closing thought: Does not the very fact that Jesus created and told this parable show: (a) what kind of Savior he is, and (b) what kind of people he wants us to be?) For Practical Lessons and Greek Words, etc., see pp. 600 604.) ) 10:38 42 Mary of Bethany Makes the Right Choice) 38 As they were traveling, Jesus came to a certain village where a woman named Martha welcomed him to her home. 39 She had a sister called Mary who, seated at the Lord s feet, was listening to his word. 40 But Martha was becoming distracted about all that had to be done. Suddenly she came to him and asked, Lord, don t you care that my sister has left me to do the work all by myself? Tell her to take hold and help me. ) 41 Martha, Martha, the Lord answered, You are worried and upset about many things; 42 but only one thing is necessary. Mary has chosen that good portion, and it will not be taken away from her. ) ) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.11.1|AUTODETECT|” The waylaid man of the parable (verses 25 37) was traveling from Jerusalem to Jericho. Now Jesus has arrived at Bethany. But this visit must not be confused with those that took place a little later, closer to Passover 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.11.1|AUTODETECT|” John 11:1) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.11.2|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.11.2|AUTODETECT|” 2) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.12.1|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.12.1|AUTODETECT|” 12:1) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ff.).) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.21.17|AUTODETECT|” Exactly when the incident now recorded occurred has not been revealed. This creates no real problem. Once Jesus arrived in Judea several visits to the hospitable home of true disciples and warm friends can have been made. A series of passages points in this direction 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.21.17|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 21:17) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.26.6-40.26.13|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.26.6-40.26.13|AUTODETECT|” 26:6 13) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.14.3|AUTODETECT|” cf. ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.14.3|AUTODETECT|” Mark 14:3) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.12.1-43.12.8|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.12.1-43.12.8|AUTODETECT|” John 12:1 8) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.11.11|AUTODETECT|” ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.11.11|AUTODETECT|” Mark 11:11) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.11.3|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.11.3|AUTODETECT|” John 11:3) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.21.37|AUTODETECT|” ; and, as some see it, even ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.21.37|AUTODETECT|” Luke 21:37) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ).) 1 4 2 8 0 0 But Luke is not mainly interested in chronology. As has been indicated previously, his arrangement, though certainly logical, is often topical. Accordingly, the evangelist could not have chosen a better place to present the present narrative than he did. Active love for the neighbor is wonderful, but listening to and putting into practice the words of the Master are also necessary. We might even say: while the parable of The Samaritan Who Cared places the emphasis on the second table of the law, the present story stresses the first. Love your neighbor is followed by Give heed to the word of God. ) The story before us readily divides itself into three parts, as will be indicated:) A.

A Scene of Serenity) 38. As they were traveling, Jesus came to a certain village where a woman named Martha welcomed him to her home.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.11.1|AUTODETECT|” Jesus and The Twelve were traveling. Cf. 9:51. The name of the village at which they arrived is not mentioned. However, Luke does state that Martha and Mary lived here. Since ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.11.1|AUTODETECT|” John 11:1) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.10.38|AUTODETECT|” and 12:1 3 mention these same sisters, and also their brother Lazarus, and inform us that they lived in Bethany, we know that also here in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.10.38|AUTODETECT|” Luke 10:38) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 the certain village is Bethany. Luke too was acquainted with this place (see 19:29; 24:50), though, for some reason, he does not here name it.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.11.18|AUTODETECT|” Bethany was situated east of Jerusalem, and on the eastern slope of Mt. Olivet. Its present name is el-cAzar�yeh (cf. Lazarus). The distance between Jerusalem and Bethany is given as being eight stadia 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.11.18|AUTODETECT|” John 11:18) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ), that is, three kilometers, slightly less than two miles.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.10.38|AUTODETECT|” Of the two sisters Martha is mentioned first, this not only here in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.10.38|AUTODETECT|” Luke 10:38) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.10.39|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.10.39|AUTODETECT|” 39) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.11.19|AUTODETECT|” but also in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.11.19|AUTODETECT|” John 11:19) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.11.20|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.11.20|AUTODETECT|” 20) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.12.2|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.12.2|AUTODETECT|” 12:2) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.12.3|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.12.3|AUTODETECT|” 3) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.11.5|AUTODETECT|” ; while in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.11.5|AUTODETECT|” John 11:5) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.11.1|AUTODETECT|” she is even mentioned before her sister and Lazarus. True, in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.11.1|AUTODETECT|” John 11:1) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.10.38|AUTODETECT|” Bethany is called the village of Mary and her sister Martha, but the order in which the two sisters are mentioned there, with Mary first, can be explained by the fact that the story continues, in verse 2, with a reference to the Lord s anointing by Mary. Note also that here in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.10.38|AUTODETECT|” Luke 10:38) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 we are told that it was Martha who welcomed Jesus to her home. Is the conclusion, drawn by some, warranted that Martha must have been the oldest at least of the two sisters, and perhaps even of the three siblings and that the house belonged to her? To begin with the last, the expression her home probably means the home where she (as well as the other two) lived. As to the first, this sounds more reasonable. She may indeed have been the oldest, but this too is not certain.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.10.38|AUTODETECT|” We are on firmer ground when we state that of the two sisters, as pictured in Scripture, Martha is the one who generally takes the lead. Here in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.10.38|AUTODETECT|” Luke 10:38) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.11.20|AUTODETECT|” it is she who takes the initiative in extending a warm welcome to Jesus. Typical is also ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.11.20|AUTODETECT|” John 11:20) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.11.21|AUTODETECT|” , Now when Martha heard that Jesus was coming, she went and met him. But Mary continued to sit in the house. Add to this ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.11.21|AUTODETECT|” John 11:21) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.11.28|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.11.28|AUTODETECT|” 28) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.12.2|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.12.2|AUTODETECT|” 12:2) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 . Not inappropriately Martha has been called the hostess. ) 1 1 2 8 0 0 39. She had a sister called Mary who, seated at the Lord s feet, was listening to his word.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.12.3|AUTODETECT|” Up to this point what a scene of serenity, tranquility. All is well in the lovely home at Bethany. A moment ago Martha extended a hearty welcome to Jesus. And now Mary, her sister, is already seated at his feet, those very feet which at a later occasion she is going to anoint 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.12.3|AUTODETECT|” John 12:3) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.26.6|AUTODETECT|” ; cf. ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.26.6|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 26:6) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.26.7|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.26.7|AUTODETECT|” 7) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.14.3|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.14.3|AUTODETECT|” Mark 14:3) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ). Here she is now sitting, eagerly listening to the words of life that are issuing from the Savior s heart and lips. All is well. All is well. ) 1 14 2 8 0 0 B. An Outburst of Irritability) 40. But Martha was becoming distracted about all that had to be done.) Poor woman! We sympathize with her, do we not? If bringing the story up-to-date is permissible, so that a modern setting is provided for it, the result might be somewhat as follows:) Martha s mind is pulled in every direction. How will I ever be able to take care of all the details of this elaborate meal: the appetizers, the salad, meat, vegetables, relishes, rolls, dessert, arranging of the guests around the table, etc.?

And all of this for:) Jesus and for Lazarus,) Mary too and Martha, plus) Peter and Andrew, James and John,) Philip and Bartholomew,) Matthew next and Thomas too,) James the Less and Judas the Greater,) Simon the Zealot and Judas (who was) to become) the traitor. ) Even if the name of Lazarus is subtracted, since he is not mentioned in the present account and may have been elsewhere at the time, this would still leave fifteen.) However, someone may object that the report speaks only about Jesus, so that we must assume that the disciples were not with him. That possibility must, of course, be granted. The probability, however, is that they too were present. Reasons for believing this:) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.6.1|AUTODETECT|” a. Verse 38 reads: They were traveling. That this plural immediately changes to the singular he (in he came, etc.) does not mean that The Twelve suddenly left Jesus. The singular is used because he naturally was the Leader of the group. For similar references to Jesus in the singular when the presence of his disciples is implied see, for example, ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.6.1|AUTODETECT|” Luke 6:1) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.17.11|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.17.11|AUTODETECT|” 17:11) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 .) 1 1 2 8 0 0 b. The very first sentence of the account which immediately follows also shows that the disciples were with the Master: one of his disciples said to him, etc. (11:1). Accordingly, the actual absence of the disciples in the intervening paragraph (10:38 42) would seem rather strange.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.12.2|AUTODETECT|” c. ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.12.2|AUTODETECT|” John 12:2) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 describes a similar scene. There we read, They made him a supper, not They made a supper for him and his disciples. Yet, verse 4 shows that the disciples too were present.) 1 6 2 8 0 0 It is understandable, therefore, that A. B. Bruce comments, & it is not implied that he was alone, though no mention is made of disciples in the narrative. Greijdanus, in his Korte Verklaring, commenting on these verses (Vol. I, p. 286), takes for granted that the disciples were probably with their Master.) Continued: Suddenly she came to him and asked, Lord, don t you care that my sister has left me to do the work all by myself? Tell her to take hold and help me.) All this work, and Mary just sits there & doing nothing!

Martha explodes with anger. She is exasperated. She feels that she has good reason to be thoroughly annoyed. In her outburst she finds fault not only with Mary but also with Jesus for allowing Mary to just sit there & idly.) C. The Voice of Authority) 41, 42. Martha, Martha, the Lord answered, You are worried and upset about many things; but only one thing is necessary.

Mary has chosen that good portion, and it will not be taken away from her.) The expression Martha, Martha reveals marked disapproval, to be sure, but also tender affection and grave concern, for, as the Searcher of hearts knows, Martha was inwardly worried and outwardly upset. This was very clear from the way she looked, spoke, and acted. About many things, as if to say, Such an elaborate meal was not at all necessary. Besides, there are things which in excellence and importance far surpass eating. ) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=19.89.28|AUTODETECT|” Only one thing, says Jesus, is really necessary. Some have interpreted this saying to mean, Only one dish would have been needed. But what immediately follows certainly favors the other and widely-held interpretation, namely, The one thing necessary is the portion Mary has chosen, that is, listening to my words. Can there, in fact, be anything greater in value than wholehearted devotion to and adoration of the Lord Jesus Christ, the revelation of God Triune? That, and not something else this or that dish of food, for example is the portion that will never be removed from Mary, and, for that matter, from anyone who copies her example. See ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=19.89.28|AUTODETECT|” Ps. 89:28) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.10.28|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.10.28|AUTODETECT|” John 10:28) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.8.38|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.8.38|AUTODETECT|” Rom. 8:38) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.8.39|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.8.39|AUTODETECT|” 39) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 .) 1 1 2 8 0 0 The question is asked at times, But was not Jesus a bit unfair to Martha? After all, did she not have a case? The following must be borne in mind:) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.40.3-23.40.5|AUTODETECT|” a. Except for the finishing touches, the meal should have been ready when Jesus and his group arrived. We have every reason to believe that he had taken care that this hostess knew about his coming. Was he not always sending men ahead to announce his arrival? See ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.40.3-23.40.5|AUTODETECT|” Isa. 40:3 5) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=39.3.1|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=39.3.1|AUTODETECT|” Mal. 3:1) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.9.52|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.9.52|AUTODETECT|” Luke 9:52) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.10.1|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.10.1|AUTODETECT|” 10:1) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.22.8|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.22.8|AUTODETECT|” 22:8) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 .) 1 2 2 8 0 0 b. This also means that upon his arrival one of the sisters should have & shall we say entertained ? & the honored guest. Rather, should have been ready to sit at his feet in order to listen to his words. Not to do so would, even under ordinary conditions, have been impolite, contrary to good form, but in this case would have been most irreverent. Therefore Mary did exactly the right thing.) c. 10:40 has left me, etc., probably implies that at an earlier moment Mary too had done her part in the preparation of the meal.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.11.5|AUTODETECT|” Martha learned her lesson. She knew that Jesus words of reprimand had been spoken in love, for Jesus was holding in loving esteem Martha and her sister and Lazarus 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.11.5|AUTODETECT|” John 11:5) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ).) 1 1 2 8 0 0 We are not surprised, therefore, that two of the most marvelous professions of faith found in Scripture were going to issue from the heart and lips of Martha:) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.11.21|AUTODETECT|” Lord, if thou hadst been here, my brother would not have died. And even now I know that whatever thou wilt ask of God, God will give thee 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.11.21|AUTODETECT|” John 11:21) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.11.22|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.11.22|AUTODETECT|” 22) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ).) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.11.27|AUTODETECT|” Yes, Lord, I have believed that thou art the Christ, the Son of God, the One coming into the world 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.11.27|AUTODETECT|” John 11:27) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ).) 1 12 2 8 0 0 The story, therefore, has a glorious ending. God was glorified, and this is always what matters most.��376��) ) Practical Lessons Derived from 10:25 42) Verse 30) A certain man, etc. Teachers, preachers, etc., should make use of illustrations to drive home Scripture s precious truths.) Verse 31) A priest & passed by on the opposite side. Performing religious functions is one thing. Practicing religion is another.) Verse 37) The law-expert replied, The man who took pity on him. Jesus said to him, Go and keep on doing likewise.

Don t become so involved in theology that you forget philanthropy.) Verses 38, 39) A woman named Martha & a sister called Mary. This story and many others prove that on Christ s value scale there is no difference between male and female. He loved all equally.) Verse 42) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=62.4.19|AUTODETECT|” Mary has chosen, etc. Divine selectivity does not shut out human activity. But see ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=62.4.19|AUTODETECT|” I John 4:19) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 .) 1 10 2 8 0 0 It will not be taken away from her. Divine preservation is taught here, as in many other passages. It does not exclude but definitely includes human perseverance.) ) Notes on Greek Words, Phrases, and Constructions in 10:25 42) Verse 25) For the pres. participle ��, here expressing purpose, see the note on 4:12 on page 242.) Verse 27) �� is derived from ��, near, close by; hence A ��, used as a noun, means the one nearby, the neighbor. Similarly in English the neighbor is the nigh boor. ) Verse 29) ��, aor. act. infinitive of ��, here used in the sense of to vindicate. For the sense to be accounted and pronounced righteous by God see on 18:14; also N.T.C. on Galatians, pp. 96 100.) Verse 30) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.2.15|AUTODETECT|” Q��, nom. s. masc. 2nd aor. participle of Q��. The basic sense seems to be: to take up. Hence here: Taking him up on this, Jesus replied. In the sense of I take it (to be), that is, I assume, the verb occurs in 7:43; cf. ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.2.15|AUTODETECT|” Acts 2:15) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.1.9|AUTODETECT|” , you assume. See also the more literal sense in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.1.9|AUTODETECT|” Acts 1:9) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=64.1.8|AUTODETECT|” , A cloud took him up from their sight, thus hiding him from view. Unsurprisingly there is also the meaning to take up from under, that is, to support, brace up, undergird, show hospitality to 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=64.1.8|AUTODETECT|” III John 8) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ).) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.21.13|AUTODETECT|” With respect to ��, dat. pl. of ��, the meaning robber, highwayman suits the present context. The word would seem to have that meaning also in verse 36; 19:46; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.21.13|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 21:13) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.10.1|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.10.1|AUTODETECT|” John 10:1) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.10.8|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.10.8|AUTODETECT|” 8) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=47.11.26|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=47.11.26|AUTODETECT|” II Cor. 11:26) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.26.55|AUTODETECT|” . In the following passages the alternative meaning revolutionary, insurrectionist, is at least deserving of consideration: ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.26.55|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 26:55) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.14.48|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.14.48|AUTODETECT|” Mark 14:48) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.22.52|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.22.52|AUTODETECT|” Luke 22:52) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.18.40|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.18.40|AUTODETECT|” John 18:40) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.27.38|AUTODETECT|” . Either sense has its defenders in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.27.38|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 27:38) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.27.44|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.27.44|AUTODETECT|” 44) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.15.27|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.15.27|AUTODETECT|” Mark 15:27) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.23.33|AUTODETECT|” , though ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.23.33|AUTODETECT|” Luke 23:33) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 may tip the scales toward robber in these passages. Cf. lucre.) 1 10 2 8 0 0 !��, acc. s. masc. of !��, cf. !��, half; ��, death; hence, half-dead.) Verses 31, 32) ��p ��, �� plus ��, to happen together, fall in with; hence ��p �. means by chance, by coincidence or concurrence ; and ��p �� & �� means: happened to be going down.) ��, third per. s. 2nd aor. indicat. of ��, to pass by on the opposite (or: other) side. As I have shown in my dissertation, the verb belongs to that group of ��-compounds in which �� has the sense of local oppositeness. The same form occurs twice (verses 31 and 32).) Verse 33) ��, third per. s. aor. indicat. pass. of ��; same form as in 7:13. See the note on that verse on page 390.) Verses 34, 35) ��, third per. s. aor. indicat. act. of ��, literally to bind down, that is, to bind securely, to bandage. Cf. cataclysm and diadem (down-wash and something bound around the head). Where the Greek language says bind down our idiom is bind up. ) ��*, wound (here pl. -��).

In the sense of violently produced injury or emotional shock, English also speaks of a trauma.) ��, nom. s. masc. pres. participle of ��, to pour upon. Cf. chemist, chyle, chyme; perhaps even gush. See the note on 5:37 on page 313; see also the note on 11:50 on page 647.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.23.24|AUTODETECT|” ��, nom. s. masc. aor. participle of ��, to mount, set upon; see also 19:35 and ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.23.24|AUTODETECT|” Acts 23:24) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 .) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=46.15.39|AUTODETECT|” ��, possession, property (especially in animals), beast of burden, pack animal. The pl. in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=46.15.39|AUTODETECT|” I Cor. 15:39) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.18.13|AUTODETECT|” means beasts ; in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.18.13|AUTODETECT|” Rev. 18:13) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 , cattle. ) 1 5 2 8 0 0 The noun �� reminds one of �� (perf. of ��), to possess.) ��, inn; literally a place that receives everybody. ��, dat. s. of ��, innkeeper.) ��, sec. per. s. aor. subjunct. of ��* = to spend [��] in addition (��).) ��, pres. infinitive of ��, to come back, return. See also 19:15.) Verse 38) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.12.2|AUTODETECT|” The idea of Lenski (op. cit., pp. 384, 385) that �P�� is here contrasted with �P��, implying that Jesus all by himself enters Bethany, while the disciples go elsewhere, has not found much support. In the Greek of the New Testament this pronoun does not always carry that much weight. At another occasion 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.12.2|AUTODETECT|” John 12:2) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.26.6-40.26.8|AUTODETECT|” ) we are told they made him (�P��) a supper. Nevertheless, the context clearly shows that the disciples too were present. See 12:4 and the parallel in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.26.6-40.26.8|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 26:6 8) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.14.3|AUTODETECT|” ; cf. ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=41.14.3|AUTODETECT|” Mark 14:3) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 .) 1 5 2 8 0 0 Q��, third per. s. aor. indicat. of Q��, to receive, welcome. Here Lenski offers invited as English equivalent. Though this rendering might help to solve a problem for in that case we would know immediately that Martha expected this guest (or these guests, if the disciples were also present), and her subsequent outburst would therefore be even less excusable it is probably incorrect. If Luke had intended to write invited why did he not use a form of the verb ��, as in 7:39; 14:7, etc.? Of course, this does not shut out the possibility that Martha may indeed have invited the group. It is reasonable to suppose that Martha knew that Jesus and his disciples were going to arrive.

But the verb here used does not mean invited.) Verse 39) ��, nom. s. fem. aor. participle of ��, to sit beside. The immediately preceding �� is probably pleonastic, based on Hebrew usage; hence, best left untranslated.) Verse 40) ��, third per. s. imperf. pass. of ��; in the passive: to become distracted, agitated; literally, to be drawn or pulled in every direction.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.2.9|AUTODETECT|” ��, nom. s. fem. 2nd aor. participle of ��; transitive: to place upon; intransitive, as here, to come suddenly upon 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.2.9|AUTODETECT|” Luke 2:9) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.4|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.4|AUTODETECT|” 24:4) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ); other meanings: to come near, come up, stand, confront, approach, be at hand, stand beside, be urgent, spring upon. See also the note on 2:9 on page 160.) 1 29 2 8 0 0 ��, third per. s. 2nd aor. subjunct. of ��, to take hold of along with someone; here either: to take hold of at her end (Robertson) or in turn. Either way, the resultant meaning is: to help.) Verses 41, 42) ��, sec. per. s. pres. indicat. act. of ��, to worry, be worried about. Note that ��, in one of its meanings, indicates piece. Martha was going to pieces over all the things she imagined that she had to do.) ��, sec. per. s. pres. pass. of ��*, to be troubled, disturbed, upset.) A minor group of manuscripts reads but few things are necessary. Another reading is but few things are necessary or only one. All in all, the reading �x� �� , though subject to considerable doubt, is probably the best.

Not only does it have definite textual support, but only one thing also harmonizes best with that good portion in the next clause.) ��, third per. s. fut. indicat. pass. of ��, to take away, remove; so also in 1:25; 16:3. A related meaning is to cut off (22:50 and parallels).) Summary of Chapter 10) See p. 533.) ) ) ) ) 363 According to other manuscripts seventy.) 364 Literally: a son of peace.) N.T.C. W. Hendriksen, New Testament Commentary) 365 Or (based on a different reading): you shall descend!) 366 For the arguments favoring two Bethsaidas see N.T.C. on John, Vol. I, pp. 216 218.) 367 Note �t & Q��; see Gram. N.T., p. 917.) 368 See the more detailed discussion in my book The Bible on the Life Hereafter, Chapter 17, What Is Meant by Sheol and Hades? pp. 83 87.) 369 Some manuscripts read seventy.) 370 H.

Bavinck, Gereformeerde Dogmatiek, Vol. II, 3rd edition, Kampen, 1918, Het Dogma over God, p. 405; or, for those who cannot read Dutch, see my published translation (of this theological locus), which bears the title The Doctrine of God, Grand Rapids, 1955, p. 390.) 371 Notes on Greek words, phrases, and constructions in 10:1 24 begin on page 586.) A.V. Authorized Version (King James)) JBL Journal of Biblical Literature) 372 Or: to obtain possession of.) 373 Or: by coincidence was going.) 374 See S.BK., Vol. I, p. 353.) 375 See M. Burrows, The Dead Sea Scrolls, New York, 1956, p. 257.) 376 Notes on Greek words, phrases, and constructions in 10:25 42 begin on page 601)

New Testament Commentary (Baker)

William Hendriksen (1900–1982) was a Dutch-American Reformed theologian and professor at Calvin Theological Seminary. His New Testament Commentary series, later completed by Simon J. Kistemaker, covers the entire New Testament and is one of the most highly regarded Reformed commentary sets of the …

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MAT MRK LUK JHN ACT ROM 1CO 2CO GAL EPH PHP COL 1TH 2TH 1TI 2TI TIT PHM HEB JAS 1PE 2PE 1JN 2JN 3JN JUD REV

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