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Psalms 72:7 — Word Study

Depth

WLCיִֽפְרַח־ בְּיָמָ֥יו צַדִּ֑יק וְרֹ֥ב שָׁ֝ל֗וֹם עַד־ בְּלִ֥י יָרֵֽחַ׃

BSAMay the righteoustsaddîyq [just, upright, made right with God] flourishpârach [bloom, sprout, break forth] in his daysyôwm [period of time, era, reign] and prosperityshâlôwm [abundance, greatness, peace] aboundrôb [be plentiful, thrive] untilʻad [as far as, till the point when] the moonyârêach [natural satellite, lunar cycle] is no morebᵉlîy [ceases to exist, comes to an end, without]

Word
Listen & take awayPsalms 72
English ↓ Download MP3 The Berean Standard Bible chapter audio already hosted for the site's Bible section — verse 7 is in this chapter.
Hebrew ↓ Download MP3 The Masoretic text of this chapter, read aloud. Read by Abraham Shmuelof, courtesy of Audio Scriptures International. Chapter divisions by the Academy of Ancient Languages..
Say the word Each Hebrew word carries its transliteration (ya.Re.ach) — no per-word recordings of the Hebrew exist to link to.
Take it away
Psalms 72:7quick helps
In a sentenceThe psalmist expresses a hope for the righteous to thrive and for prosperity to be abundant during a time of peace.
Who is speakingThe psalmist, likely reflecting on the reign of a just king.
Where we areThis verse is part of a prayer for the king's reign, emphasizing justice and peace.
The hard wordיִֽפְרַח־
Take awayThe flourishing of the righteous is linked to the enduring nature of peace.
8 commentators on this verse Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them › clause subjectצַדִּיק verbפָּרַח The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
How rare are these words?in the Old Testament

Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.

Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.

Deep Study — Psalms 72:7

Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.

Context — A Prayer for the Kinggenerated

6May he be like rain that falls on freshly cut grass, like spring showers that water the earth.
7May the righteous flourish in his days and prosperity abound, until the moon is no more.
8May he rule from sea to sea, and from the Euphrates to the ends of the earth.
9May the nomads bow before him, and his enemies lick the dust.

Psalm 72:7 is situated within a prayer that envisions a time of justice and prosperity under a righteous king. The verses surrounding it express a longing for peace and flourishing, reflecting the ideal conditions of a just reign. This psalm captures the essence of hope for a world where righteousness prevails, and abundance is the norm.


Cross References

ReferenceText (BSB)
1Psalm 132:15–18I will bless her with abundant provisions; I will satisfy her poor with bread.
2Isaiah 11:6–9The wolf will live with the lamb, and the leopard will lie down with the goat; the calf and young lion and fatling will be together, and a little child will lead them.
3Isaiah 32:3–8Then the eyes of those who see will no longer be closed, and the ears of those who hear will listen.
4Isaiah 35:1–10The wilderness and the land will be glad; the desert will rejoice and blossom like a rose.
5Isaiah 54:11–17“O afflicted city, lashed by storms, without solace, surely I will set your stones in antimony and lay your foundations with sapphires.

The Key Word יִֽפְרַח, yif.rach-generated

The verb פָּרַח (*pa.rach*) is a Qal imperfect form, meaning 'he will flourish.' It describes a state of growth, sprouting, or blooming, suggesting a vibrant and abundant life. This word evokes imagery of something breaking forth, much like a flower in bloom or a plant sprouting.

In this context, it emphasizes the flourishing of the righteous, indicating that their well-being is tied to the reign of the king. The choice of this verb highlights the dynamic and life-giving nature of righteousness in the community.


How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated

This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, which uses flourish for יִֽפְרַח־, aligning with the KJV and ASV that also use flourish.


Sentence Structuregenerated

The main verb יִֽפְרַח־ governs the sentence, indicating what the righteous will do. The structure includes a prepositional phrase that defines the time frame — בְּיָמָ֥יו — and a noun phrase that describes the subject — צַדִּ֑יק.

The sentence is structured to emphasize the flourishing of the righteous during the king's reign, with additional phrases detailing the abundance that accompanies this flourishing.


Septuagint Backgroundgenerated

The Septuagint translates יִֽפְרַח־ with ἀνατελεῖ, meaning 'to rise' or 'to spring up.' This choice suggests a focus on the active emergence of life and prosperity, aligning with the flourishing theme of the verse.

This translation reflects a broader interpretation, emphasizing not just the flourishing but also the vitality and growth associated with the righteous in the king's days.


In plain words — the whole versegenerated

Psalm 72:7 expresses a wish for the righteous to thrive during the reign of a just king, with prosperity and peace lasting until the moon no longer exists. This highlights the connection between righteousness and the well-being of the community.


Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated

What does it mean for the righteous to flourish?

Flourishing refers to thriving and growing abundantly, suggesting that the righteous will experience well-being and prosperity during the reign of a just king.

How does this verse connect righteousness with prosperity?

The verse indicates that when the righteous flourish, prosperity follows, suggesting a direct relationship between just leadership and the welfare of the people.

What is the significance of the phrase 'until the moon is no more'?

This phrase emphasizes the enduring nature of peace and prosperity, suggesting that it will last indefinitely, as long as the moon exists.

How does this verse reflect the themes of the psalm?

This verse encapsulates the psalm's themes of justice, peace, and flourishing under a righteous king, highlighting the ideal conditions for society.


Reflection Questionsgenerated

  1. In what ways can I seek to flourish in my own life, reflecting the righteousness described in this verse?
  2. How can I contribute to a community where righteousness and prosperity abound?
  3. What does it mean for me to live in a way that promotes peace and well-being for others?
  4. How do I understand the significance of enduring peace in my life, as suggested by the phrase about the moon?

The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it

Early Christian writers, such as Augustine of Hippo, reference this verse to discuss themes of justice and peace in the reign of a righteous king.

Augustine of HippoExposition on Psalms 72 354–430
"There shall arise in His days justice and abundance of peace, until the moon be taken away" [Psalms 72:7].
Early Church Fathers on Psalms 72 →

Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse

Each of these wrote on Psalms 72:7 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.

John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

In his days shall the righteous flourish,.... As the grass of the field, Psalms 72:16; the dews and rain of grace descending upon them; and as a branch, Proverbs 11:28.

Read John Gill on Psalms 72 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary

In his days shall the righteous flourish; and abundance of peace so long as the moon endureth.

Read Robert Jamieson on Psalms 72 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy Bible

Shall the righteous flourish; as the wicked shall be discountenanced and punished, so good men shall be encouraged, and advanced, and multiplied. So long as the moon endureth, i.e. as long as time and the world shall last; which neither was nor could be true of Solomon, who lived not long, and the peace of whose kingdom was sadly disturbed, and in a manner wholly lost, presently after his death, but was undoubtedly and eminently accomplished in Christ, who brought peace upon earth, , and left it as his legacy to his disciples, .

Read Matthew Poole on Psalms 72 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

Psalms 72:7 In his days shall the righteous flourish; and abundance of peace so long as the moon endureth.Ver. 7. In his days shall the righteous flourish] As watered gardens, Jeremiah 31:12, or as the willows by the water courses, Isaiah 44:4, παντακαλωςεσται. And abundance of peace] The work of righteousness shall be peace, and the effects of righteousness quietness, and assurance for ever, Isaiah 32:17. Christ’ s subjects have peace, peace, Isaiah 25:3, a multiplied peace, a multiplied pardon, Isaiah 55:7; where sin aboundeth grace superaboundeth; neither can they commit more than God will remit unto them.

Read John Trapp on Psalms 72 →
Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(7) Flourish—i.e., spring up and grow like vegetation after rain. Endureth.—See margin, and comp. Job 14:12, “till the heavens be no more.”

Read Charles John Ellicott on Psalms 72 →
AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible

Verse 7. In his days shall the righteous flourish] There was nothing but peace and prosperity all the days of Solomon: for, "In his days Judah and Israel dwelt safely; every man under his vine and under his fig-tree, from Dan even to Beersheba;" 1Kg 4:25. So long as the moon endureth] עד בלי ירח ad beli yareach, "Till there be no more moon."

Read AdamClarke on Psalms 72 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

7. flourish] The metaphor follows naturally upon that of the preceding verse. Cp. Proverbs 11:28; Psalms 92:12-13. For the righteous LXX, Jer., Syr. read righteousness, which suits the parallelism better. so long as the moon endureth] Lit. as R.V., till the moon be no more; for all time. Cp. Job 14:12.

Read Cambridge on Psalms 72 →
Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the Bible

In his days shall the righteous flourish - It will be a period when just and upright people will be protected, or when they shall receive the countenance of him who reigns.

Read Albert Barnes on Psalms 72 →

The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company

Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.

Modern formal

BSBBerean Standard Bible2020

May the righteous flourish in his days and prosperity abound, until the moon is no more.

WEBWorld English Bible2000

In his days, the righteous shall flourish, and abundance of peace, until the moon is no more.

MSBMajority Standard Bible2022

May the righteous flourish in his days and prosperity abound until the moon is no more.

NETBNew English Translation2006

During his days the godly will flourish; peace will prevail as long as the moon remains in the sky.

Tyndale line

KJVKing James Version1611

In his days shall the righteous flourish; and abundance of peace so long as the moon endureth.

ASVAmerican Standard Version1901

In his days shall the righteous flourish, And abundance of peace, till the moon be no more.

RVARevised Version, American1894

In his days shall the righteous flourish; and abundance of peace, till the moon be no more.

NWBWebster's Bible1833

In his days shall the righteous flourish; and abundance of peace so long as the moon endureth.

GNVGeneva Bible1599

In his dayes shall the righteous florish, and abundance of peace shalbe so long as the moone endureth.

Strictly literal

DBYDarby Translation1890

In his days shall the righteous flourish, and abundance of peace till the moon be no more.

YLTYoung's Literal Translation1862

Flourish in his days doth the righteous, And abundance of peace till the moon is not.

LSVLiteral Standard Version2020

The righteous flourish in His days, || And abundance of peace until the moon is not.

ILTInterlinear Literal Translation2000

In his days shall the righteous flourish; and abundance of peace [shall be] till the moon shall be no more.

ULBUnlocked Literal Bible2017

May the righteous flourish in his days, and may there be an abundance of peace till the moon is no more.

From the Latin

DRADouay-Rheims (Challoner)1899

Their iniquity hath come forth, as it were from fatness: they have passed into the affection of the heart.

Simplified

FBVFree Bible Version2020

May those who live right prosper under his rule; may there be great prosperity until the moon is no more.

BBEBible in Basic English1949

In his days may the upright do well, living in peace as long as there is a moon in heaven.

Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.


The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank

This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.

clauseverbיִֽפְרַחhe.will.flourishprepositional phrase · prepositionalבְּinnoun phraseיָמָ֥יdaysוhissubjectצַדִּ֑יק[the].righteousוְandclausenoun phrase · objectרֹ֥בabundanceשָׁ֝ל֗וֹםof.well-beingprepositional phrase · prepositionalעַד[will.be].untilnoun phraseבְּלִ֥יnotיָרֵֽחַ[the].moon

Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.


The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran

The Masoretic Text presents the verse as יִֽפְרַח־ בְּיָמָ֥יו צַדִּ֑יק וְרֹ֥ב שָׁ֝ל֗וֹם עַד־ בְּלִ֥י יָרֵֽחַ׃. The Septuagint agrees with 7 of the 8 words, maintaining the core meanings while differing in word order.

Masoretic TextLeningrad Codex, c. AD 1008 — the text this page is built on

יִֽפְרַח־ בְּיָמָ֥יו צַדִּ֑יק וְרֹ֥ב שָׁ֝ל֗וֹם עַד־ בְּלִ֥י יָרֵֽחַ׃

Septuagintthe Greek the translators chose, word by word
יִֽפְרַח־ἀνατελεῖבְּיָמָ֥יוαὐτοῦצַדִּ֑יקδικαιοσύνηוְרֹ֥בπλῆθοςשָׁ֝ל֗וֹםεἰρήνηςעַד־ἕωςבְּלִ֥יἀνταναιρεθῇ

7 of the 8 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.

Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.


The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with

This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.

Psalms 72:7פָּרַחhe will flohe will flourisפָּרַחיוֹםin days hisin days hisיוֹםצַדִּיק[the] right[the] righteousצַדִּיקרֹבand abundanand abundance oרֹבשָׁלוֹםwell-beingwell-beingשָׁלוֹםעַד[will be] u[will be] untilעַדבְּלִיnotnotבְּלִייָרֵחַ[the] moon[the] moonיָרֵחַצָדֵקto justifyto justifyצָדֵקרָבַבto multiplto multiplyרָבַבשָׁלֵםto completto completeשָׁלֵםבָּלָהto become to become oldבָּלָהעַדperpetuityperpetuityעַדיֶ֫רַחmonthmonthיֶ֫רַחיְרִיחוֹJerichoJerichoיְרִיחוֹצָרַ֫עַתleprosyleprosyצָרַ֫עַתשְׁבִיעִיseventhseventhשְׁבִיעִישַׁבָּתSabbathSabbathשַׁבָּתרָשָׁעwickedwickedרָשָׁעעָ֫וֶלinjusticeinjusticeעָ֫וֶלעֹ֫שֶׁרrichesrichesעֹ֫שֶׁרכֹּחַreptilereptileכֹּחַיֵהוּאJehuJehuיֵהוּאמָתַיhowhowמָתַיעֶ֫רֶבeveningeveningעֶ֫רֶבדַּ֫עַתknowledgeknowledgeדַּ֫עַת
meets it a little oftener than chancemeets it far oftener than chancebuilt from the same roottwo words of the verse share ita word of this versea related word

Lexicons — every word in Psalms 72:7

One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.

Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.

he will flourish in days his [the] righteous and abundance of well-being [will be] until not [the] moon
יִֽפְרַח־yif.rach- he will flourish H6524 Verb · Qal · imperfect third person masculine singular
36× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This verb means to fly or bloom, describing something that spreads out or flourishes. It can also mean to break forth like a bud or to grow abundantly. It's used to picture flourishing or spreading out.
Amplified meaning
bloom, sprout, break forth
Tyndale gloss
to sprout
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word פָּרַח (*pa.rach*) is a primitive root that encompasses several meanings, primarily related to growth and emergence. It can mean to bud, sprout, or shoot, as well as to break out in the context of leprosy or similar eruptions. Additionally, it has a sense of flying, particularly in an Aramaic context. The entries highlight its use in various forms, including Qal and Hiphil.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

פָּרַח vb. bud, sprout, shoot

Qal bud, sprout, send out shoots, of vine

Hiph.

cause to bud or sprout

shew buds, sprouts, of tree

base

פָּרַח vb. break out, of leprosy and like eruptions

base

[פָּרַח] vb. fly, Aramaism

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H6524a פָּרַח bud, sprout, shoot H6524b פָּרַח break out, of leprosy and like eruptions H6524c פָּרַח fly, Aramaism

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

6524 parach paw-rakh'

a primitive root; to break forth as a bud, i.e. bloom;

generally, to spread; specifically, to fly (as extending the

wings); figuratively, to flourish:--X abroad, X abundantly,

blossom, break forth (out), bud, flourish, make fly, grow,

spread, spring (up).

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

פָּרַח (pa.rach) — to sprout.

1) to bud, sprout, shoot, bloom

1a) (Qal) to bud, sprout, send out shoots, blossom

1b) (Hiphil)

1b1) to cause to bud or sprout

1b2) to show buds or sprouts

פָּרַח (pa.rach) — to break out.

(Qal) to break out (of leprosy)

פָּרַח (pa.rach) — to fly.

(Qal) to fly (Aramaism)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal-Imperf-3ms — Verb · Qal · imperfect third person masculine singular
HVqi3ms
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

flur'-ish (parach, tsuts; anathallo):

The translation of parach, "to break forth" (Ps 72:7; 92:12,13; Pr 14:11; Isa 66:14; So 6:11; 7:12; the Revised Version (British and American) "budded"); of tsuts "to bloom" (Ps 72:16, 90:6; 92:7; 103:15; 132:18); ra`anan, "green," "fresh," is translated "flourishing" in Ps 92:14, the Revised Version (British and American) "green," and ra`anan, Aramaic in Da 4:4; nubh, "to sprout" (Zec 9:17, the King James Version…

he will flourish in days his [the] righteous and abundance of well-being [will be] until not [the] moon
בְּיָמָ֥יוbe.ya.Mav in days his H3117 Preposition · noun common masculine plural construct · suffix
2,306× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word 'yom' refers to a day, which can be a literal 24-hour period or a figurative space of time. It is used in the Bible to describe a wide range of time periods, from a single day to a year or a lifetime. The word 'yom' is used in many different contexts throughout the Bible.
Amplified meaning
period of time, era, reign
Tyndale gloss
day
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

יוֹם (yowm) means 'day' and refers to a division of time, contrasting with night. It can denote a literal 24-hour period, a general time span, or even a year. The term is used in various contexts, including the 'day of Yahweh,' which signifies a time of divine judgment. It also appears in phrases indicating temporal references like today, yesterday, and tomorrow.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

יוֹם 2285 n.m. day

day, opp. night

Day as division of time

יוֹם י׳ day of Yahweh, chiefly as time of his coming in judgment, involving often blessedness for righteous

Pl. days of anyone

Days

יוֹם = time

Phrases

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3117 יוֹם day . day, opp. night

. Day as division of time

. יוֹם י׳ day of Yahweh, chiefly as time of his coming in judgment, involving often blessedness for righteous

. Pl. days of anyone

. Days

. יוֹם = time

. Phrases

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3117 yowm yome

from an unused root meaning to be hot; a day (as the warm

hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one

sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by

an associated term), (often used adverb):--age, + always, +

chronicals, continually(-ance), daily, ((birth-), each, to)

day, (now a, two) days (agone), + elder, X end, + evening, +

(for) ever(-lasting, -more), X full, life, as (so) long as

(... live), (even) now, + old, + outlived, + perpetually,

presently, + remaineth, X required, season, X since, space,

then, (process of) time, + as at other times, + in trouble,

weather, (as) when, (a, the, within a) while (that), X whole

(+ age), (full) year(-ly), + younger.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

יוֹם (yom) — day.

: day/when/time/period

1) day, time, year

1a) day (as opposed to night)

1b) day (24 hour period)

1b1) as defined by evening and morning in Genesis 1

1b2) as a division of time

1b2a) a working day, a day's journey

1c) days, lifetime (pl.)

1d) time, period (general)

1e) year

1f) temporal references

1f1) today

1f2) yesterday

1f3) tomorrow

יוֹם (yom) — day: old.

: old/(full/many)[days]

1) day, time, year

1a) day (as opposed to night)

1b) day (24 hour period)

1b1) as defined by evening and morning in Genesis 1

1b2) as a division of time

1b2a) a working day, a day's journey

1c) days, lifetime (pl.)

1d) time, period (general)

1e) year

1f) temporal references

1f1) today

1f2) yesterday

1f3) tomorrow

יוֹם (yom) — day: year.

: year[of_days]

1) day, time, year

1a) day (as opposed to night)

1b) day (24 hour period)

1b1) as defined by evening and morning in Genesis 1

1b2) as a division of time

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep | N-mp | Suff — Preposition · noun common masculine plural construct · suffix
HR/Ncmpc/Sp3ms
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

hiz: Used often in the King James Version with reference to a neuter or inanimate thing, or to a lower animal (Ge 1:11, "after his kind"; Le 1:16, "pluck away his crop"; Ac 12:10, "of his own accord"; 1Co 15:38, "his own body"), etc. the Revised Version (British and American) substitutes "its."

he will flourish in days his [the] righteous and abundance of well-being [will be] until not [the] moon
צַדִּ֑יקtza.Dik [the] righteous H6662 Adj
206× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Means being just or righteous, as seen in government, personal conduct, or character, often describing someone made right with God. It appears in descriptions of King David and other biblical leaders. The concept is central to the Bible's teachings on morality and ethics.
Amplified meaning
just, upright, made right with God
Tyndale gloss
righteous
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

צַדִּיק (tsaddiyq) means just or righteous, covering various aspects such as lawful behavior, moral conduct, and being justified by God. It is derived from a related root and is used to describe individuals who are upright in character and actions.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

צַדִּיק 206 adj. just, righteous

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H6662 צַדִּיק just, righteous

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

6662 tsaddiyq tsad-deek'

from 6663; just:--just, lawful, righteous (man).

see HEBREW for 06663

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

צַדִּיק (tsad.diq) — righteous.

1) just, lawful, righteous

1a) just, righteous (in government)

1b) just, right (in one's cause)

1c) just, righteous (in conduct and character)

1d) righteous (as justified and vindicated by God)

1e) right, correct, lawful

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Adj — Adj
HAamsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
Nave's Topical Bible

→ MISCELLANY OF MINOR SUB-TOPICS

Compared with

The sun Jud 5:31; Mt 13:43

Stars Da 12:3

Lights Mt 5:14; Php 2:15

Mount Zion Ps 125:1,2

Lebanon Ho 14:5-7

Treasure Ex 19:5; Ps 135:4

Jewels Mal 3:17

Gold Job 23:10; La 4:2

he will flourish in days his [the] righteous and abundance of well-being [will be] until not [the] moon
וְרֹ֥בve.Ro and abundance of H7230 Conjunction · noun common masculine singular construct
149× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Describes abundance or greatness in the Bible, used to talk about God's power and creation in Psalms and Isaiah.
Amplified meaning
be plentiful, thrive
Tyndale gloss
abundance
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

רֹב (rov) refers to a multitude or abundance, encompassing ideas of greatness and numerousness. It is derived from a related root and can describe anything from a large quantity to excellence. The entries consistently highlight its use in various contexts, emphasizing its broad application in the Old Testament.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

רֹב 151 n.m. multitude, abundance, greatness

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H7230 רֹב multitude, abundance, greatness

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

7230 rob robe

from 7231; abundance (in any respect):--abundance(- antly),

all, X common (sort), excellent, great(-ly, -ness, number),

huge, be increased, long, many, more in number, most, much,

multitude, plenty(-ifully), X very (age).

see HEBREW for 07231

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

רֹב (rov) — abundance.

1) multitude, abundance, greatness

1a) multitude

1a1) abundance, abundantly

1a2) numerous

1b) greatness

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | N-cs — Conjunction · noun common masculine singular construct
HC/Ncmsc
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ov:

(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.

English usagewhat the translators’ English meant
Webster's Dictionary (1828), Webster's Unabridged (1913), Webster's Dictionary (1806)

OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]

1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.

I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.

For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.

It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.

Lamentations 3:1.

The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.

Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.

That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.

Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…

he will flourish in days his [the] righteous and abundance of well-being [will be] until not [the] moon
שָׁ֝ל֗וֹםSha.Lom well-being H7965 Noun common · masculine singular absolute
237× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word for peace, shalom, means completeness, wellness, and friendship, and is often used to describe God's relationship with humanity, as seen in the covenant with the Israelites. It encompasses physical and spiritual health, prosperity, and harmony.
Amplified meaning
abundance, greatness, peace
Tyndale gloss
Peace
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

שָׁלוֹם (shalom) conveys a range of meanings including completeness, soundness, welfare, and peace. It can refer to physical safety and health, as well as emotional states like tranquility and friendship, particularly in human relationships and with God. The word is derived from a root meaning 'to be complete' and is used in various contexts, including greetings.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

שָׁלוֹם 237 n.m. completeness, soundness, welfare, peace

completeness in no.

safety, soundness, in body

welfare, health, prosperity

peace, quiet, tranquility, contentment

peace, friendship

peace from war

as adj. those at peace with him

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H7965 שָׁלוֹם completeness, soundness, welfare, peace

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

7965 shalowm shaw-lome'

or shalom {shaw-lome'}; from 7999; safe, i.e. (figuratively)

well, happy, friendly; also (abstractly) welfare, i.e. health,

prosperity, peace:--X do, familiar, X fare, favour, + friend,

X great, (good) health, (X perfect, such as be at)

peace(-able, -ably), prosper(-ity, -ous), rest, safe(-ty),

salute, welfare, (X all is, be) well, X wholly.

see HEBREW for 07999

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

שָׁלוֹם (sha.lom) — peace.

: peace

1) completeness, soundness, welfare, peace

1a) completeness (in number)

1b) safety, soundness (in body)

1c) welfare, health, prosperity

1d) peace, quiet, tranquillity, contentment

1e) peace, friendship

1e1) of human relationships

1e2) with God especially in covenant relationship

1f) peace (from war)

1g) peace (as adjective)

שָׁלוֹם (ye.ho.vah sha.lom) — Peace.

This name means completeness, peace

Another name of ye.ho.vah (יהוה "LORD" H3068G)

שָׁלוֹם (sha.lom) — peace: well-being.

: well-being

1) completeness, soundness, welfare, peace

1a) completeness (in number)

1b) safety, soundness (in body)

1c) welfare, health, prosperity

1d) peace, quiet, tranquillity, contentment

1e) peace, friendship

1e1) of human relationships

1e2) with God especially in covenant relationship

1f) peace (from war)

1g) peace (as adjective)

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absolute
HNcmsa
he will flourish in days his [the] righteous and abundance of well-being [will be] until not [the] moon
עַד־'ad- [will be] until H5704 Preposition
1,261× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means until or as far as, describing a point in time or space. It's used in the Bible to set boundaries or limits, like in Exodus when describing the Israelites' journey.
Amplified meaning
as far as, till the point when
Tyndale gloss
till
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

עַד (ad) primarily functions as a preposition, adverb, or conjunction meaning 'until,' 'up to,' or 'as far as.' It can denote spatial, temporal, or degree-related contexts, such as 'even to' or 'while.' The entries indicate its use in poetry and in various combinations, but there is no significant disagreement among the lexicons regarding its meanings.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

עַד, in poetry עֲדֵי prep. as far as, even to, up to, until, while

prep.

of space

Of time

Of degree

conj.

until

While

Of degree, to the point that, so that even (rare)

עַד לְ, a strengthened form for עַד. Thus

of space

Of time

Of degree

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5704 עַד, in poetry עֲדֵי as far as, even to, up to, until, while . prep. . of space

. Of time

. Of degree

. conj. . until

. While

. Of degree, to the point that, so that even (rare)

. עַד לְ, a strengthened form for עַד. Thus . of space

. Of time

. Of degree

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5704 `ad ad

properly, the same as 5703 (used as a preposition, adverb or

conjunction; especially with a preposition); as far (or long,

or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during,

while, until) or degree (equally with):--against, and, as,

at, before, by (that), even (to), for(-asmuch as),

(hither-)to, + how long, into, as long (much) as, (so) that,

till, toward, until, when, while, (+ as) yet.

see HEBREW for 05703

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

עַד (ad) — till.

prep

1) as far as, even to, until, up to, while, as far as

1a) of space

1a1) as far as, up to, even to

1b) in combination

1b1) from...as far as, both...and (with 'min' -from)

1c) of time

1c1) even to, until, unto, till, during, end

1d) of degree

1d1) even to, to the degree of, even like

conj

2) until, while, to the point that, so that even

Aramaic equivalent: ad (עַד "till" H5705)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep — Preposition
HR
he will flourish in days his [the] righteous and abundance of well-being [will be] until not [the] moon
בְּלִ֥יbe.Li not H1097 Noun common · masculine singular construct
58× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word means without or nothing, often used for negation. It appears in various forms, such as without or not yet, in the Old Testament.
Amplified meaning
ceases to exist, comes to an end, without
Tyndale gloss
without
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

בְּלִי (bli) refers to a state of wearing out or destruction, and serves as an adverb of negation meaning 'without' or 'not.' It is derived from the root meaning failure and can indicate absence or lack in various contexts.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

בְּלִי subst. wearing out, hence

fig. destruction

defect, failure, hence adv. of negation

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1097 בְּלִי subst. wearing out, hence . fig. destruction

. defect, failure, hence adv. of negation

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1097 bliy bel-ee'

from 1086; properly, failure, i.e. nothing or destruction;

usually (with preposition) without, not yet, because not, as

long as, etc.:--corruption, ig(norantly), for lack of, where

no...is, so that no, none, not, un(awares), without.

see HEBREW for 01086

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

בְּלִי (be.li) — without.

subst

1) wearing out

adv of negation

2) without, no, not

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Part — Noun common · masculine singular construct
HNcmsc
he will flourish in days his [the] righteous and abundance of well-being [will be] until not [the] moon
יָרֵֽחַ׃ya.Re.ach [the] moon H3394 Noun common · masculine singular absolute
27× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word refers to the moon, the natural satellite of the earth. It is used in the Bible to describe the moon and its phases.
Amplified meaning
natural satellite, lunar cycle
Tyndale gloss
moon
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

יָרֵחַ (yareach) means 'moon,' particularly in a poetic context. It is derived from a root related to another word, but the entries do not elaborate on its usage in specific verses.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

יָרֵחַ n.m. moon, esp. poet.

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3394 יָרֵחַ moon, esp. poet.

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3394 yareach yaw-ray'-akh

from the same as 3391; the moon:--moon. Yrechow. See

3405.

see HEBREW for 03391

see HEBREW for 03405

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

יָרֵחַ (ya.re.ach) — moon.

moon

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absolute
HNcmsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

moon (yareach; meaning obscure--probably "wanderer"; by some given as "paleness"; selene): The moon was very early worshipped by the nations of the Far East as a divinity or the representative of one or more deities. These deities were both masculine and feminine. In Assyria and Babylonia the most common name for the moon-god was Sin or Sen. In Babylonia he was also called Aku and Nannara. In Egypt the moon was representative of several deities, all masculine. The chief of these was Thoth the god of knowledge, so called because the moon was the measurer of time. Babylonia has, also, Aa, the goddess of the moon, as the consort of the sun, while her equivalent was known in Phoenicia as Ashtaroth-karnaim. This personification and worship of the moon among the nations who were neighbors to Palestine was but part of an elaborate Nature-worship found among these people. Nor was this worship…

Easton's Bible Dictionary

Moon

Heb. yareah, from its paleness (Ezra 6:15), and lebanah, the “white” (Cant. 6:10; Isa. 24:23), was appointed by the Creator to be with the sun “for signs, and for seasons, and for days, and years” (Gen. 1:14-16). A lunation was among the Jews the period of a month, and several of their festivals were held on the day of the new moon. It is frequently referred to along with the sun (Josh. 10:12; Ps. 72:5, 7, 17; 89:36, 37; Eccl. 12:2; Isa. 24:23, etc.), and…

Smith's Bible Dictionary

The moon held an important place in the kingdom of nature, as known to the Hebrews. Conjointly with the sun, it was appointed "for signs and for seasons, and for days and years;" though in this respect it exercised a more important influence, if by the "seasons" we understand the great religious festivals of the Jews, as is particularly stated in (Psalms 104:19) and more at length in Ecclus 43:6,7. The worship of the moon prevailed extensively among the nations of the East, and under a variety of aspects. It was one of the only two deities which commanded the reverence of all the Egyptians. The worship of the heavenly bodies is referred to in (Job 31:26,27) and Moses directly warns the Jews against it. (4:19) In the figurative language of Scripture, the moon is frequently…

American Tract Society Bible Dictionary

This beautiful and stately ruler of the night, Ge 1:16, is one of the chief witnesses to mankind of the goodness, wisdom, and power of the Creator, Ps 8:3; and as receiving all its light from the sun, and reflecting it on all around, it is a striking image of the church of Christ. In the clear sky of the East, the moon shines with peculiar brilliancy; and it was worshipped by most nations of antiquity, either directly, or as an idol-goddess under the name of Ashtoreth, Artemis, Diana, Hecate, Meni, Mylitta, Maja, etc. The Hebrews were specially cautioned against this form of idolatry, De 4:19 17:3; and yet fell into it; 2Ki 21:3

Sources on this page. Lexicons and dictionaries imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate Liddell-Scott-Jones, Robinson and Packard, Webster and Cawdrey. Thayer’s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (Harper, 1889 — Grimm’s Wilke’s Clavis Novi Testamenti, translated, revised and enlarged by Joseph Henry Thayer) is public domain and is set here from the Internet Archive page scan greekenglishlex00grim; it is uncorrected OCR, marked as such on the entry itself, and the Strong’s numbers — which Thayer’s own edition does not carry — were matched by lemma against the other modules on this page. Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament (Macmillan, 1880) and Moulton and Milligan’s Vocabulary of the Greek Testament (Hodder & Stoughton, 1930, which entered the United States public domain on 1 January 2026) are set from Internet Archive page scans synonymsofnewtes00treniala and vocabularyofgree00mouluoft, and are likewise uncorrected OCR matched to Strong’s numbers by lemma. Trench treats a group of words at once, so the same essay stands on the page of each word it compares. The Mounce Concise Greek-English Dictionary is © 1993 and is used here by permission for non-commercial use, www.teknia.com/greek-dictionary. The full Liddell-Scott-Jones and the Hebrew word data (TAHOT) come from STEPBible.org, CC BY 4.0. Brown-Driver-Briggs is the OpenScriptures digitisation, public domain. Syntax analysis is the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (biblicalhumanities.org); the concordance and morphology are built from the tagged Nestle 1904 text. Septuagint occurrences use the Open Scriptures Septuagint lemma index, derived from CCAT (University of Pennsylvania) and the Rahlfs 1935 dataset by Eliran Wong, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — used here on a non-commercial ministry site. Greek of Josephus and Barnabas from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA 4.0. Commentaries and the Ante-Nicene Fathers are public-domain texts hosted on this site. Everyday Greek from the Duke Databank of Documentary Papyri, CC BY 3.0, with dates and provenance from the Heidelberger Gesamtverzeichnis. Philo and the Apostolic Fathers from Open Greek and Latin (First1KGreek), CC BY-SA 4.0. The apparatus and the fifth Greek column are the SBL Greek New Testament, © 2010 SBL and Logos Bible Software, CC BY 4.0. The Latin is the Clementine Vulgate (public domain); the Syriac New Testament is the ETCBC edition (MIT licence). The Hebrew behind the Greek is computed here from the Septuagint index and TAHOT, not taken from any aligned edition. The translation spread and the per-word edition marks come from the Translators Amalgamated Greek NT (STEPBible, CC BY 4.0); clause roles from the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (CC BY-SA 4.0); place identifications and their confidence from OpenBible.info Bible Geocoding (CC BY 4.0), with map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Gospel parallels are computed here from shared uncommon vocabulary, not taken from any printed harmony. Cross references are the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge and the subject headings are Nave’s Topical Bible, both public domain. Works under Creative Commons licences are used unchanged apart from markup removal.

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