1 Chronicles 5:12 — Word Study
WLCיוֹאֵ֣ל הָרֹ֔אשׁ וְשָׁפָ֖ם הַמִּשְׁנֶ֑ה וְיַעְנַ֥י וְשָׁפָ֖ט בַּבָּשָֽׁן׃
BSAJoel [was]Yôwʼêl [the leader, head] the chiefrôʼsh [head, prince] ShaphamShâphâm△ [the second in command] the secondmishneh [duplicate, double] then JaanaiYaʻănay△ [a leader in Bashan] and ShaphatShâphâṭ [a judge, ruler] [who lived] in BashanBâshân [resided, dwelled, a fertile region, east of the Jordan]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| יוֹאֵ֣ל | Joel | Noun proper masculine |
| הָרֹ֔אשׁ | [was] the chief | Particle, noun common masculine singular absolute |
| וְשָׁפָ֖ם | and Shapham | Conjunction, noun proper masculine |
| הַמִּשְׁנֶ֑ה | [was] the second | Particle, noun common masculine singular absolute |
| וְיַעְנַ֥י | and Janai | Conjunction, noun proper masculine |
| וְשָׁפָ֖ט | and Shaphat | Conjunction, noun proper masculine |
| בַּבָּשָֽׁן׃ | in Bashan | Preposition, noun proper |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | Joel was the chief, Shapham the second, then Jaanai and Shaphat, who lived in Bashan. |
| KJV | Joel the chief, and Shapham the next, and Jaanai, and Shaphat in Bashan. |
| ASV | Joel the chief, and Shapham the second, and Janai, and Shaphat in Bashan. |
| YLT | Joel the head, and Shapham the second, and Jaanai and Shaphat in Bashan; |
| WEB | Joel the chief, Shapham the second, Janai, and Shaphat in Bashan. |
| BBE | Joel the chief, and Shapham the second, and Janai and Shaphat in Bashan; |
Where they part company is שָׁפָ֖ט — see How Translations Differ.
The sentence structure presents a main clause followed by additional phrases that provide details about the leaders and their location.
7 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
2 of 7 occur nowhere else in the Old Testament — words chosen on purpose.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — 1 Chronicles 5:12
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — Genealogy of the Tribe of Gadgenerated
1 Chronicles 5:12 lists the leaders of the tribe of Gad, who settled in Bashan. This passage highlights the importance of these leaders in the context of Israel's history, showing their roles during the Divided Monarchy. The genealogical records serve to establish the lineage and heritage of the tribes, which was vital for maintaining identity and inheritance among the Israelites.
Cross References
The Key Word — יוֹאֵל, yo.'Elgenerated
The name יוֹאֵל (yo.'El) means 'Jehovah is God.' It is a proper noun that refers to several individuals in the Old Testament, including a minor prophet. In this context, Joel is identified as the chief leader among the descendants of Gad in Bashan.
As a noun proper masculine, Joel signifies a position of leadership and authority in the community. His mention here emphasizes the role of leaders in the historical narrative of Israel.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The finite verb is implicit in the structure, as the verse presents a list of names with their corresponding titles and roles. The main clause introduces the leaders, followed by a series of noun phrases that describe each individual and their position.
The Hebrew word order places emphasis on the titles and roles of the leaders, highlighting their significance within the tribe of Gad. Each name is presented in a sequence that establishes a hierarchy among them.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates יוֹאֵל as ιωηλ, maintaining the name's integrity while presenting it in Greek form. This choice reflects a direct transliteration rather than an interpretive translation.
The word הָרֹ֔אשׁ is rendered as πρωτότοκος, which emphasizes the chief status of Joel, aligning with the understanding of leadership in the Greek context.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
1 Chronicles 5:12 identifies Joel as the chief leader of the descendants of Gad, followed by Shapham, Jaanai, and Shaphat, all of whom lived in Bashan. This verse highlights important figures in the history of Israel, showcasing their roles and significance.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
The leaders mentioned are Joel, Shapham, Jaanai, and Shaphat, who played significant roles in the tribe of Gad during the Divided Monarchy.
Joel means 'Jehovah is God,' and it signifies a leader among the Israelites.
Bashan was a fertile region east of the Jordan River, known for its agricultural richness and significance to the half-tribe of Manasseh.
Genealogy is important in the Bible as it establishes lineage, inheritance, and the historical context of the tribes of Israel.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What can we learn from the leadership roles of Joel and the others in this verse?
- How does understanding the significance of Bashan enhance our reading of this passage?
- In what ways do genealogies in the Bible help us understand God's plan for His people?
- How can we apply the principles of leadership seen in this verse to our own lives?
Commentators on this verse — 7 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on 1 Chronicles 5:12 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleJoel the chief,.... In this and the following verse are reckoned up the principal men in the tribe of Gad, and the chief of all was Joel, another from him in the tribe of Reuben, 1 Chronicles 5:4 and
Read John Gill on 1 Chronicles 5 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryJoel the chief, and Shapham the next, and Jaanai, and Shaphat in Bashan. No JFB commentary on these verses.
Read Robert Jamieson on 1 Chronicles 5 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleThe chief; the prince of the tribe, or at least of his family, when they were numbered, to wit, in the days of Jotham, . Shaphat in Bashan, i.e. who dwelt in the city of Bashan. Others thus, Who abode in Bashan to defend the city and country, when their brethren went out to war against the Hagarites, ,19.
Read Matthew Poole on 1 Chronicles 5 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments1 Chronicles 5:12 Joel the chief, and Shapham the next, and Jaanai, and Shaphat in Bashan.Ver. 12. And Jaanai and Shaphat in Bashan.] Or, Abode in Bashan to defend their country, while their brethren were warring abroad. Jun.
Read John Trapp on 1 Chronicles 5 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(11-17) THE SONS OF GAD, THEIR CLANS, , AND .(11) And the children of Gad dwelt over against them.—That is, adjoining them on the east of Jordan.In the land of Bashan unto Salcah.—(Joshua 13:11.) Bashan, the ancient dominion of the giant Og (Numbers 21:33-35; Deuteronomy 3:1-12). Salcah now Sulkhad, on the south-east slope of Jebel Hauran in the extreme east of Gilead. (12) Joel the chief (or, first; literally, head), and Shaphan the next (or second.)—Genesis 46:15 enumerates seven sons of Gad, a number corresponding with the clans of 1 Chronicles 5:13; but none of the names are the same. In Bashan.—This expression goes to prove that clans, not individuals, are intended. Joel is also the…
Read Charles John Ellicott on 1 Chronicles 5 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 12. Joel the chief] "Joel, prince of the Sanhedrin; and Shapham, master of the college; and Jaanai and Shaphat, judges in Mathnan." - T.
Read AdamClarke on 1 Chronicles 5 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges12. the next] R.V. the second. Cp. 2 Kings 25:18. and Jaanai, and Shaphat] LXX, καὶἸανεὶνὁγραμματεύς, “and Janin the scribe”; Targ., “and Janai the judge.”
Read Cambridge on 1 Chronicles 5 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
Joel was the chief, Shapham the second, then Jaanai and Shaphat, who lived in Bashan.
Joel the chief, Shapham the second, Janai, and Shaphat in Bashan.
Joel was the chief, Shapham the second, then Jaanai and Shaphat, who lived in Bashan.
They included Joel the leader, Shapham the second in command, Janai, and Shaphat in Bashan.
Tyndale line
Joel the chief, and Shapham the next, and Jaanai, and Shaphat in Bashan.
Joel the chief, and Shapham the second, and Janai, and Shaphat in Bashan.
Joel the chief, and Shapham the second, and Janai, and Shaphat in Bashan:
Joel the chief, and Shapham the next, and Jaanai, and Shaphat in Bashan.
Ioel was the chiefest, and Shapham the second, but Iaanai and Shaphat were in Bashan.
Strictly literal
Joel was the chief and Shapham the next, and Jaanai, and Shaphat in Bashan.
Joel the head, and Shapham the second, and Jaanai and Shaphat in Bashan;
Joel the head, and Shapham the second, and Jaanai and Shaphat in Bashan;
Joel the chief, and Shapham the next, and Ja'nai, and Shaphat in Bashan.
Joel was their leader; Shapham was second; and Janai and Shaphat in Bashan.
From the Latin
Johel the chief, and Saphan the second: and Janai, and Saphat in Basan.
Simplified
Joel (chief), Shapham (second), and Janai and Shaphat, in Bashan.
Joel the chief, and Shapham the second, and Janai and Shaphat in Bashan;
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint agree in their wording for this verse, showing consistency in the names and titles of the leaders listed. The Septuagint's translation matches the Hebrew text word-for-word, indicating a shared understanding of the genealogical record.
יוֹאֵ֣ל הָרֹ֔אשׁ וְשָׁפָ֖ם הַמִּשְׁנֶ֑ה וְיַעְנַ֥י וְשָׁפָ֖ט בַּבָּשָֽׁן׃
7 of the 7 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in 1 Chronicles 5:12
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
יוֹאֵל (Yow'el) means 'Jehovah is God' and refers to several individuals in the Old Testament, including the second of the twelve minor prophets. The name is associated with various figures, such as Samuel's eldest son and leaders from the tribes of Simeon, Reuben, and Gad. The entries highlight a range of roles, from prophets to warriors, but do not indicate any significant disagreement among lexicons.
יוֹאֵל n.pr.m. (usu. interpr. as י׳ is God)
Samuel’s firstborn
a Simeonite prince
a Reubenite
a Gadite chief
a chief man of Issachar
one of David’s heroes
a chief of Manasseh
a Jew of Ezra’s time
a Benjamite
the prophet, son of Pethuel
Levites
base
H3100 יוֹאֵל
3100 Yow'el yo-ale'
from 3068 and 410; Jehovah (is his) God; Joel, the name of
twelve Israelites:--Joel.
see HEBREW for 03068
see HEBREW for 0410
יוֹאֵל (yo.el) — Joel.
A man of the tribe of Levi living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Sa.8.2;
son of: Samuel (H8050);
brother of: Abijah (H0029);
father of: Heman (H1968I); also translated "second" at 1Ch.6.28;
Also named: vash.ni (וַשְׁנִי "`second`" H2059)
§ Joel = "Jehovah is God"
1) son of Pethuel and the 2nd of the 12 minor prophets with a book by his name; probably prophesied in the time of king Uzziah of Judah
2) eldest son of Samuel the prophet and father of Heman the singer
3) a Simeonite chief
4) a Reubenite
5) a chief of Gad
6) son of Izrahiah and a chief of Issachar
7) brother of Nathan of Zobah and one of David's mighty warriors
8) son of Pedaiah and a chief of the half tribe of Manasseh west of the Jordan in the time of David
9) a son of Nebo who returned with Ezra and had a foreign wife
10) a Benjamite, son of Zichri
11) a Levite
N-proper — Noun proper masculineHNpm
Joel
Jehovah is his God. (1.) The oldest of Samuel’s two sons appointed by him as judges in Beersheba (1 Sam. 8:2). (See VASHNI.) (2.) A descendant of Reuben (1 Chr. 5:4,8). (3.) One of David’s famous warriors (1 Chr. 11:38). (4.) A Levite of the family of Gershom (1 Chr. 15:7, 11). (5.) 1 Chr. 7:3. (6.) 1 Chr. 27:20. (7.) The second of the twelve minor prophets. He was the son of Pethuel. His personal history is only known from his book.
(to whom Jehovah is God). Eldest son of Samuel the prophet, (1 Samuel 8:2; 1 Chronicles 6:33; 15:17) and father of Heman the singer. (B.C. 1094.) In (1 Chronicles 6:36) Authorized Version, Joel seems to be merely a corruption of Shaul in ver. 24. A Simeonite chief. (1 Chronicles 4:35) A descendant of Reuben. Junius and Tremellius make him the son of Hanoeh, while others trace his descent through Carmi. (1 Chronicles 5:4) (B.C. before 1092.) Chief of the Gadites, who dwelt in the land of Bashan. (1 Chronicles 5:12) (B.C. 782.) The son of Izrahiah, of the tribe of…
One of the minor prophets, of whom nothing is known beyond the few hints furnished in his brief but valuable prophecy. He lived in the kingdom of Judah, and at a time when the temple and temple-worship still existed, Joe 1:14 2:1,15,32 3:1. Different authors assign to his prophecy different dates, but the prevailing opinion is that he prophesied in the reign of Uzziah, nearly 800 B. C.
The BOOK of JOEL opens with a most graphic and powerful description of the devastation caused by swarms of divers kinds of locusts, accompanied by a terrible drought. The plague of locusts, one of the most dreadful scourges of the East, (see LOCUSTS,) is highly suggestive of an invasion of hostile legions such as have often ravaged Judea; and many have understood, by the locusts of Joel, the Chaldeans, Persians, Greeks, or Romans. The prophet, however…
he that wills or commands
רֹאשׁ (ro'sh) means 'head' and encompasses various meanings related to position and rank. It can refer to the head of a person or animal, the top of a mountain, or a chief in various contexts, such as a city or nation. The word also signifies beginnings and sums, appearing in phrases related to enumeration. Additionally, it serves as a proper noun for 'Rosh,' a title for a chief or prince.
רֹאשׁ 599 n.m.
(c. 230 t.) head, of human being
head, of animals
top (88 t.)
height, of stars
head = chief (man)
= chief (city)
chief nation
= chief (place, position)
= chief priest
= head of a family
head = front, leader's place
of time, beginning, of night watch
of things, river-heads
chief, choicest, best, of spices
head = division of army, company, band
= sum, esp. in phr. take sum of, enumerate
other phr.
base
רֹאשׁ n.pr.gent. Rôsh
base
H7218a רֹאשׁ . . (c. 230 t.) head, of human being
. head, of animals
. . top (88 t.)
. height, of stars
. . head = chief (man)
. = chief (city)
. chief nation
. = chief (place, position)
. = chief priest
. = head of a family
. . head = front, leader's place
. of time, beginning, of night watch
. of things, river-heads
. chief, choicest, best, of spices
. head = division of army, company, band
. = sum, esp. in phr. take sum of, enumerate
. other phr.
H7218b רֹאשׁ n. pr. gent. Rôsh
7218 ro'sh roshe
from an unused root apparently meaning to shake; the head (as
most easily shaken), whether literal or figurative (in many
applications, of place, time, rank, itc.):--band, beginning,
captain, chapiter, chief(-est place, man, things), company,
end, X every (man), excellent, first, forefront, ((be-))head,
height, (on) high(-est part, (priest)), X lead, X poor,
principal, ruler, sum, top.
רֹאשׁ (rosh) — head.
: head
1) head, top, summit, upper part, chief, total, sum, height, front, beginning
1a) head (of man, animals)
1b) top, tip (of mountain)
1c) height (of stars)
1d) chief, head (of man, city, nation, place, family, priest)
1e) head, front, beginning
1f) chief, choicest, best
1g) head, division, company, band
1h) sum
רֹאשׁ (rosh) — prince.
Rosh, a tite for a chief or prince
רֹאשׁ (rosh) — head: leader.
: leader
1) head, top, summit, upper part, chief, total, sum, height, front, beginning
1a) head (of man, animals)
1b) top, tip (of mountain)
1c) height (of stars)
1d) chief, head (of man, city, nation, place, family, priest)
1e) head, front, beginning
1f) chief, choicest, best
1g) head, division, company, band
1h) sum
רֹאשׁ (rosh) — head: top.
: top/best
1) head, top, summit, upper part, chief, total, sum, height, front, beginning
1a) head (of man, animals)
Art | N-ms — Particle · noun common masculine singular absoluteHTd/Ncmsa
chef: The English word is in the King James Version of Old Testament the translation of some 17 different Hebrew words, most frequently of ro'sh, "head," sar, "prince," and re'shith, "beginning." The principal changes made by the Revised Version (British and American) are:
(1) Hebrew beth'abh, "house of a father," being recognized as a technical term denoting a subdivision of a tribe, ro'sh is rendered literally "head," when it occurs in connection with this phrase, so that "chief fathers" (Num 31:26) and "chief of the fathers" (Ezr 1:5) become "heads of fathers' houses";
(2) Hebrew naghidh and nasi' are more accurately translated "prince" in such passages as 1Ch 5:2; Nu 3:32;
שָׁפָם (Shapham) refers to a man from the tribe of Gad, mentioned in 1 Chronicles 5:12. The name is associated with the meaning 'bold.' The entries indicate that he was a subchief in the land of Bashan during the time of the Divided Monarchy.
שָׁפָם n.pr.m. in Gad 1 Ch 5:12
ref
H8223 שָׁפָם
8223 Shapham shaw-fawm'
formed like 8221; baldly; Shapham, an Israelite:--Shapham.
see HEBREW for 08221
שָׁפָם (sha.pham) — Shapham.
A man of the tribe of Gad living at the time of Divided Monarchy, only mentioned at 1Ch.5.12
§ Shapham = "bold"
a subchief of the tribe of Gad in the land of Bashan
Conj | N-proper — Conjunction · noun proper masculineHC/Npm
sha'-fam (shapham; Sapham, Sabat): Name of a Gadite chief, who had the second place in command of his tribe (1Ch 5:12). So far as the fragmentary genealogies are intelligible, they seem to indicate that Shapham and his chief, Joel, lived in the time of Saul and shared in the war against the Hagrites (1Ch 5:7-10,18-22), but it is to be noted that these lists were first recorded between the years 750 and 740 BC, just before the eastern tribes were carried into captivity.
(bold), a Gadite of Bashan. (1 Chronicles 5:12) (B.C. 750.)
Shaphan, rabbit; wild rat; their lip; their brink
→ Chief of Gad 1Ch 5:12
מִשְׁנֶה (mishneh) means double, copy, or second, and can refer to a duplicate document or something that is second in order or rank. It can also denote a second quarter or district in a town. The word is derived from a root meaning repetition and encompasses various contexts, including quantity and location.
מִשְׁנֶה n.[m.] double, copy, second
base
H4932 מִשְׁנֶה double, copy, second
4932 mishneh mish-neh'
from 8138; properly, a repetition, i.e. a duplicate (copy of
a document), or a double (in amount); by implication, a second
(in order, rank, age, quality or location):--college, copy,
double, fatlings, next, second (order), twice as much.
see HEBREW for 08138
מִשְׁנֶה (mish.neh) — Second [Quarter].
This name means second, referring to the second quarter or district in a town
מִשְׁנֶה (mish.neh) — second.
1) double, copy, second, repetition
1a) double
1b) copy (of law)
1c) second (in order)
1c1) second rank
1c2) second in age
1d) second quarter or district
Art | N-ms — Particle · noun common masculine singular absoluteHTd/Ncmsa
יַעֲנַי (Ya`anay) refers to a personal name meaning 'whom Jehovah answers.' It is associated with a chief man from the tribe of Gad during the Divided Monarchy, mentioned in 1 Chronicles 5:12. The word is built from the root ענה (anah), which relates to being responsive.
יַעֲנַי n.pr. v. sub ענה
base
H3285 ענה
3285 Ya`anay yah-an-ah'ee
from the same as 3283; responsive; Jaanai, an
Israelite:--Jaanai.
see HEBREW for 03283
יַעֲנַי (ya.a.nay) — Janai.
A man of the tribe of Gad living at the time of Divided Monarchy, only mentioned at 1Ch.5.12
§ Jaanai = "whom Jehovah answers"
a chief man in the tribe of Gad
Conj | N-proper — Conjunction · noun proper masculineHC/Npm
ja'-na-i, ja'-ni (ya`nay, "he answers"; as to whether final "y" is the third radical (letter), or may be taken as equivalent to the Divine name Yah, see HPN, 149-51): A chief of a family descended from Gad (1Ch 5:12, the King James Version "Jaanai").
שָׁפָט (Shaphat) is a Hebrew name meaning "he hath judged." It refers to several individuals in the Old Testament, including the father of the prophet Elisha and a prince of Simeon. The entries indicate that Shaphat is associated with various roles, such as a chief herdsman for David and a descendant of Zerubbabel. The name appears in multiple contexts, particularly during the time of the Divided Monarchy.
שָׁפָט n.pr.m. (he hath judged)
father of Elisha
prince of Simeon
grandson of Zerub.
Gaddite chief
herdsman of David
base
H8202 שָׁפָט
8202 Shaphat shaw-fawt'
from 8199; judge; Shaphat, the name of four
Israelites:--Shaphat.
see HEBREW for 08199
שָׁפָט (sha.phat) — Shaphat.
A man living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, only mentioned at Num.13.5;
son of: Hori (H2753)
§ Shaphat = "judged" or "he hath judged"
1) son of Hori and the prince of Simeon chosen to spy out the promised land
2) father of the prophet Elisha
3) a Judaite, son of Shemaiah and descendant of Zerubbabel in the royal line of Judah
4) a chief of the tribe of Gad
5) son of Adlai and chief herdsman for David over the herds in the valleys
שָׁפָט (sha.phat) — Shaphat.
A man living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ki.19.16;
father of: Elisha (H0477)
§ Shaphat = "judged" or "he hath judged"
1) son of Hori and the prince of Simeon chosen to spy out the promised land
2) father of the prophet Elisha
3) a Judaite, son of Shemaiah and descendant of Zerubbabel in the royal line of Judah
4) a chief of the tribe of Gad
Conj | N-proper — Conjunction · noun proper masculineHC/Npm
Shaphat
Judge. (1.) One of the spies. He represented the tribe of Simeon (Num. 13:5).
(2.) The father of Elisha (1 Kings 19:16-19).
(3.) One of David’s chief herdsmen (1 Chr. 27:29).
(judge). 1.The Simeonite spy, son of Hori. (Numbers 13:5) (B.C. 1490). The father of the prophet Elisha. (1 Kings 19:18,19; 2 Kings 3:11; 6:31) (B.C. before 900.) One of the six sons of Shemaiah in the royal line of Judah. (1 Chronicles 3:22) (B.C. 350.) One of the chiefs of the Gadites in Bashan. (1 Chronicles 5:12) (B.C. 750.) The son of Adlai, who was over David’s oxen in the valleys. (1 Chronicles 27:29) (B.C. 1020.)
בָּשָׁן (Bashan) refers to a fertile region east of the Jordan River, first noted as the kingdom of Og. It extends from the Jabboḳ stream to Mount Hermon, and is associated with smooth and fruitful land, significant for the half-tribe of Manasseh.
בָּשָׁן 60 n.pr.terr.m. (smooth (& fertile) land) Bashan, first mentioned as kingdom of Og, E. of Jordan, stretching from stream Jabboḳ (thus including northern Gilead) northward to Hermon, between Gennesaret (W) and mts of Hauran (E)
base
H1316 בָּשָׁן Bashan, first mentioned as kingdom of Og, E. of Jordan, stretching from stream Jabboḳ (thus including northern Gilead) northward to Hermon, between Gennesaret (W) and mts of Hauran (E)
1316 Bashan baw-shawn'
of uncertain derivation; Bashan (often with the article), a
region East of the Jordan:--Bashan.
בָּשָׁן (ba.shan) — Bashan.
§ Bashan = "fruitful"
a district east of the Jordan known for its fertility which was given to the half-tribe of Manasseh
Prep | N-proper — Preposition · noun properHRd/Npl
ba'-shan (ha-bashan, "the Bashan"; Basan): This name is probably the same in meaning as the cognate Arabic bathneh, "soft, fertile land," or bathaniyeh (batanaea), "this land sown with wheat" ("wheatland").
1. Boundaries:
It often occurs with the article, "the Bashan," to describe the kingdom of Og, the most northerly part of the land East of the Jordan. It stretched from the border of Gilead in the South to the slopes of Hermen in the North. Hermon itself is never definitely included in Bashan, although Og is said to have ruled in that mountain (Jos 12:5; 13:11). In De 3:10 Salecah and Edrei seem to indicate the East and West limits respectively. This would agree with Jos 12:5; 13:11, which seem to make Geshur and Maacath the…
Bashan
Light soil, first mentioned in Gen. 14:5, where it is said that Chedorlaomer and his confederates “smote the Rephaim in Ashteroth,” where Og the king of Bashan had his residence. At the time of Israel’s entrance into the Promised Land, Og came out against them, but was utterly routed (Num. 21:33-35; Deut. 3:1-7). This country extended from Gilead in the south to Hermon in the north, and from the Jordan on the west to Salcah on the east. Along with the half of Gilead it was given to the half-tribe of Manasseh (Josh. 13:29-31). Golan, one of its cities, became a “city of refuge” (Josh. 21:27). Argob, in Bashan, was…
(fruitful), a district on the east of Jordan. It is sometimes spoken of as the "land of Bashan," (1 Chronicles 5:11) and comp. Numb 21:33; 32:33 And sometimes as "all Bashan." (3:10,13; Joshua 12:5; 13:12,30) It was taken by the children of Israel after their conquest of the land of Sihon from Arnon to Jabbok. The limits of Bashan are very strictly defined. It extended from the "border of Gilead" on the south to Mount Hermon on the north, (3:3,10,14; Joshua 12:5; 1 Chronicles 5:23) and from the Arabah or Jordan valley on the west to Salchah (Sulkhad) and the border of the Geshurites and the Maachathites on the east. (Joshua…
Fat, fruitful, Nu 21:33, a rich hilly district lying east of the Jordan, and between the mountains of Hermon on the north, and those of Gilead and Ammon on the south. The country takes its name from its soft and sandy soil. It is celebrated in Scripture for its rich pasturage: "Rams, of the breed of Bashan," De 32:14; "Rams, bulls, goats, all of them fatlings of Bashan," Eze 39:18. The oaks of Bashan are mentioned in connection with the cedars of Lebanon, Isa 2:13. Modern travelers describe the country as still abounding with verdant and fertile meadows, valleys traversed by refreshing streams, hills crowned with forests, and pastures offering an abundance to the flocks…