Hebrew Word Reference — Ecclesiastes 2:1
This Hebrew word means to say or speak, and it's used in many different ways in the Bible. It can mean to command, promise, or think, and it's translated in the KJV as 'answer', 'appoint', or 'command'.
Definition: 1) to say, speak, utter 1a) (Qal) to say, to answer, to say in one's heart, to think, to command, to promise, to intend 1b) (Niphal) to be told, to be said, to be called 1c) (Hithpael) to boast, to act proudly 1d) (Hiphil) to avow, to avouch Aramaic equivalent: a.mar (אֲמַר "to say" H0560)
Usage: Occurs in 4337 OT verses. KJV: answer, appoint, avouch, bid, boast self, call, certify, challenge, charge, [phrase] (at the, give) command(-ment), commune, consider, declare, demand, [idiom] desire, determine, [idiom] expressly, [idiom] indeed, [idiom] intend, name, [idiom] plainly, promise, publish, report, require, say, speak (against, of), [idiom] still, [idiom] suppose, talk, tell, term, [idiom] that is, [idiom] think, use (speech), utter, [idiom] verily, [idiom] yet. See also: Genesis 1:3; Genesis 18:23; Genesis 25:32.
This Hebrew word is a simple way of saying 'I' or 'me', often used for emphasis. It is used by people like David in the Psalms to express their thoughts and feelings. The word is a basic part of the Hebrew language.
Definition: I (first pers. sing. -usually used for emphasis)
Usage: Occurs in 803 OT verses. KJV: I, (as for) me, mine, myself, we, [idiom] which, [idiom] who. See also: Genesis 6:17; Leviticus 19:36; 1 Samuel 25:24.
Leb refers to the heart, but also represents feelings, will, and intellect in the Bible. It is used figuratively to describe the center of something, and is often translated as heart or mind. Leb is a complex concept that encompasses emotions and thoughts.
Definition: 1) inner man, mind, will, heart, understanding 1a) inner part, midst 1a1) midst (of things) 1a2) heart (of man) 1a3) soul, heart (of man) 1a4) mind, knowledge, thinking, reflection, memory 1a5) inclination, resolution, determination (of will) 1a6) conscience 1a7) heart (of moral character) 1a8) as seat of appetites 1a9) as seat of emotions and passions 1a10) as seat of courage
Usage: Occurs in 552 OT verses. KJV: [phrase] care for, comfortably, consent, [idiom] considered, courag(-eous), friend(-ly), ((broken-), (hard-), (merry-), (stiff-), (stout-), double) heart(-ed), [idiom] heed, [idiom] I, kindly, midst, mind(-ed), [idiom] regard(-ed), [idiom] themselves, [idiom] unawares, understanding, [idiom] well, willingly, wisdom. See also: Genesis 6:5; 2 Samuel 13:33; Psalms 4:8.
To walk or go, this verb means to move from one place to another, used literally or figuratively, as in to live or die, or to lead someone.
Definition: 1) to go, walk, come 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to go, walk, come, depart, proceed, move, go away 1a2) to die, live, manner of life (fig.) 1b) (Hiphil) to lead, bring, lead away, carry, cause to walk
Usage: Occurs in 936 OT verses. KJV: [idiom] again, away, bear, bring, carry (away), come (away), depart, flow, [phrase] follow(-ing), get (away, hence, him), (cause to, made) go (away, -ing, -ne, one's way, out), grow, lead (forth), let down, march, prosper, [phrase] pursue, cause to run, spread, take away (-journey), vanish, (cause to) walk(-ing), wax, [idiom] be weak. See also: Genesis 3:14; Exodus 5:8; Deuteronomy 28:14.
The Hebrew word 'nâ'' is used to express a polite request, like 'please' or 'I pray', and is often added to verbs to make them more polite. In the Bible, it appears in passages like Ezra's reading of the law to the people.
Definition: 1) I (we) pray, now, please 1a) used in entreaty or exhortation
Usage: Occurs in 374 OT verses. KJV: I beseech (pray) thee (you), go to, now, oh. See also: Genesis 12:11; Judges 4:19; 1 Kings 13:6.
This Hebrew word means to test or try something, often to prove its worth or character. It is used in stories like Job, where God allows Satan to test Job's faith. The idea of testing is also seen in the wilderness, where the Israelites were tested by God.
Definition: : test 1) to test, try, prove, tempt, assay, put to the proof or test 1a) (Piel) 1a1) to test, try 1a2) to attempt, assay, try 1a3) to test, try, prove, tempt
Usage: Occurs in 34 OT verses. KJV: adventure, assay, prove, tempt, try. See also: Genesis 22:1; Judges 6:39; Psalms 26:2.
This Hebrew word means joy or gladness, often used to describe a happy occasion or celebration, like a festival. It's used in the Bible to express God's joy and pleasure. In the KJV, it's translated as joy, gladness, or mirth.
Definition: 1) joy, mirth, gladness 1a) mirth, gladness, joy, gaiety, pleasure 1b) joy (of God) 1c) glad result, happy issue
Usage: Occurs in 89 OT verses. KJV: [idiom] exceeding(-ly), gladness, joy(-fulness), mirth, pleasure, rejoice(-ing). See also: Genesis 31:27; Psalms 106:5; Psalms 4:8.
The Hebrew word for provider means to see or look after, and is used to describe God's care for his people. It appears in various forms throughout the Bible, including in Genesis and other books.
Definition: (Lord will) Provide, cause to be seen. This name means to see, look at, inspect, look after
Usage: Occurs in 1206 OT verses. KJV: advise self, appear, approve, behold, [idiom] certainly, consider, discern, (make to) enjoy, have experience, gaze, take heed, [idiom] indeed, [idiom] joyfully, lo, look (on, one another, one on another, one upon another, out, up, upon), mark, meet, [idiom] be near, perceive, present, provide, regard, (have) respect, (fore-, cause to, let) see(-r, -m, one another), shew (self), [idiom] sight of others, (e-) spy, stare, [idiom] surely, [idiom] think, view, visions. See also: Genesis 1:4; Genesis 41:41; Exodus 33:13.
In the Bible, this Hebrew word means good or welfare, describing something that is beneficial or pleasing, like a good deed or a happy time. It is used in many contexts, including Genesis and Psalms. This word is often translated as 'good' or 'beautiful'.
Definition: adj 1) good, pleasant, agreeable 1a) pleasant, agreeable (to the senses) 1b) pleasant (to the higher nature) 1c) good, excellent (of its kind) 1d) good, rich, valuable in estimation 1e) good, appropriate, becoming 1f) better (comparative) 1g) glad, happy, prosperous (of man's sensuous nature) 1h) good understanding (of man's intellectual nature) 1i) good, kind, benign 1j) good, right (ethical) Aramaic equivalent: tav (טָב "fine" H2869)
Usage: Occurs in 521 OT verses. KJV: beautiful, best, better, bountiful, cheerful, at ease, [idiom] fair (word), (be in) favour, fine, glad, good (deed, -lier, -liest, -ly, -ness, -s), graciously, joyful, kindly, kindness, liketh (best), loving, merry, [idiom] most, pleasant, [phrase] pleaseth, pleasure, precious, prosperity, ready, sweet, wealth, welfare, (be) well(-favoured). See also: Genesis 1:4; Ruth 2:22; 2 Chronicles 3:8.
This Hebrew word is an expression that means 'behold' or 'look', often used to draw attention to something. It appears in Genesis and Isaiah, and is translated as 'behold' or 'lo' in the KJV.
Definition: behold, lo, see, if
Usage: Occurs in 799 OT verses. KJV: behold, lo, see. See also: Genesis 1:29; Genesis 42:35; Deuteronomy 19:18.
Also means 'even' or 'too', used for emphasis or to connect ideas, like 'both...and' or 'neither...nor'. It can introduce a climax or show contrast.
Definition: 1) also, even, indeed, moreover, yea 1a) also, moreover (giving emphasis) 1b) neither, neither...nor (with negative) 1c) even (for stress) 1d) indeed, yea (introducing climax) 1e) also (of correspondence or retribution) 1f) but, yet, though (adversative) 1g) even, yea, yea though (with 'when' in hypothetical case) 2) (TWOT) again, alike
Usage: Occurs in 661 OT verses. KJV: again, alike, also, (so much) as (soon), both (so)...and, but, either...or, even, for all, (in) likewise (manner), moreover, nay...neither, one, then(-refore), though, what, with, yea. See also: Genesis 3:6; Exodus 19:9; 1 Samuel 14:21.
This word is a pronoun meaning 'he', 'she', or 'it', used to refer to a person or thing. It is used in the Bible to emphasize a subject or make it clear who is being talked about.
Definition: pron 3p s 1) he, she, it 1a) himself (with emphasis) 1b) resuming subj with emphasis 1c) (with minimum emphasis following predicate) 1d) (anticipating subj) 1e) (emphasising predicate) 1f) that, it (neuter) demons pron 2) that (with article)
Usage: Occurs in 1693 OT verses. KJV: he, as for her, him(-self), it, the same, she (herself), such, that (...it), these, they, this, those, which (is), who. See also: Genesis 2:11; Genesis 32:19; Exodus 21:3.
Hebel means emptiness or vanity, describing something transitory and unsatisfactory, like a breath of air. It appears in the book of Ecclesiastes, where Solomon writes about life's fleeting nature. The KJV translates it as vanity or altogether.
Definition: 1) vapour, breath 1a) breath, vapour 1b) vanity (fig.) adv 2) vainly
Usage: Occurs in 64 OT verses. KJV: [idiom] altogether, vain, vanity. See also: Deuteronomy 32:21; Ecclesiastes 4:7; Psalms 31:7.
Context — The Futility of Pleasure
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) |
| 1 |
Luke 12:19 |
Then I will say to myself, “You have plenty of good things laid up for many years. Take it easy. Eat, drink, and be merry!”’ |
| 2 |
Ecclesiastes 8:15 |
So I commended the enjoyment of life, because there is nothing better for a man under the sun than to eat and drink and be merry. For this joy will accompany him in his labor during the days of his life that God gives him under the sun. |
| 3 |
James 5:5 |
You have lived on earth in luxury and self-indulgence. You have fattened your hearts in the day of slaughter. |
| 4 |
Psalms 27:8 |
My heart said, “Seek His face.” Your face, O LORD, I will seek. |
| 5 |
James 5:1 |
Come now, you who are rich, weep and wail over the misery to come upon you. |
| 6 |
Psalms 10:6 |
He says to himself, “I will not be moved; from age to age I am free of distress.” |
| 7 |
Ecclesiastes 11:9 |
Rejoice, O young man, while you are young, and let your heart be glad in the days of your youth. Walk in the ways of your heart and in the sight of your eyes, but know that for all these things God will bring you to judgment. |
| 8 |
Luke 16:19 |
Now there was a rich man dressed in purple and fine linen, who lived each day in joyous splendor. |
| 9 |
James 4:13 |
Come now, you who say, “Today or tomorrow we will go to this or that city, spend a year there, carry on business, and make a profit.” |
| 10 |
Ecclesiastes 1:16–17 |
I said to myself, “Behold, I have grown and increased in wisdom beyond all those before me who were over Jerusalem, and my mind has observed a wealth of wisdom and knowledge.” So I set my mind to know wisdom and madness and folly; I learned that this, too, is a pursuit of the wind. |
Ecclesiastes 2:1 Summary
[Ecclesiastes 2:1 tells us about the king's experiment with pleasure, where he tried to find happiness in all sorts of enjoyable things, but in the end, it didn't satisfy him, which is similar to what is said in Ecclesiastes 1:14, that all is vanity. This shows us that even the best things in life can't make us truly happy if we're not looking to God. As Psalm 16:11 says, true joy comes from knowing and following God. The king's experience teaches us to look beyond earthly pleasures for our fulfillment, and instead, seek joy in our relationship with God, as hinted in Ecclesiastes 3:13, where enjoying one's labor is seen as a gift from God.]
Frequently Asked Questions
What does it mean to 'test' oneself with pleasure as mentioned in Ecclesiastes 2:1?
In this context, testing oneself with pleasure means to indulge in worldly delights to see if they bring lasting satisfaction, as seen in Ecclesiastes 2:1, but as the verse concludes, it proved to be futile, echoing the sentiment of Ecclesiastes 1:14 that all is vanity.
Is the pursuit of pleasure inherently wrong according to Ecclesiastes 2:1?
The pursuit of pleasure is not inherently wrong, but when it becomes the primary focus or is expected to bring ultimate fulfillment, it falls short, as noted in Ecclesiastes 2:1, and as Solomon later reflects in Ecclesiastes 3:13 that enjoying one's labor is a gift from God.
How does Ecclesiastes 2:1 relate to other biblical teachings on joy and happiness?
While Ecclesiastes 2:1 shows the emptiness of worldly pleasure, other parts of the Bible, like Psalm 16:11, teach that true joy and happiness come from knowing and following God, highlighting the distinction between fleeting and lasting fulfillment.
What does the phrase 'enjoy what is good' imply in the context of Ecclesiastes 2:1?
The phrase 'enjoy what is good' suggests an exploration of everything that is considered delightful or pleasing in life, but as the verse and other parts of the Bible, such as Proverbs 15:16, indicate, true enjoyment and fulfillment come from a life grounded in wisdom and fear of the Lord.
Reflection Questions
- What are some ways I seek pleasure or happiness in my life, and do these pursuits align with God's will for me as seen in His word?
- How can I distinguish between fleeting pleasures and lasting joys in my own life, considering the teachings of Ecclesiastes 2:1 and other biblical passages?
- In what ways can I apply the lesson from Ecclesiastes 2:1 that worldly pleasures are futile to my daily choices and priorities?
- What role does gratitude play in enjoying the good things in life without falling into the trap of seeking ultimate fulfillment in them, as hinted at in Ecclesiastes 2:1?
Gill's Exposition on Ecclesiastes 2:1
I said in mine heart,.... He communed with his heart, he thought and reasoned within himself, and came to this resolution in his own mind; that since he could not find happiness in natural wisdom and
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Ecclesiastes 2:1
I said in mine heart, Go to now, I will prove thee with mirth, therefore enjoy pleasure: and, behold, this also is vanity. I said in mine heart.
Matthew Poole's Commentary on Ecclesiastes 2:1
CHAPTER 2 Pleasure and mirth also vanity, ,2; whether in wine, or buildings and gardens, or servants, or cattle, or silver and gold, or music, . This the Preacher searched out and found, and none need try after him, . Wisdom excelleth folly, ,14; but the like event is to both, and both are forgotten; therefore is wisdom also vanity, and life hateful, . Not labour they know not for whom, but the fool enjoyeth the wise man’ s pains: this rendered his toil irksome, that he reaped no fruit, and yet his days were travail and grief, . There is nothing better than to enjoy contentedly what God giveth us; and this also is of God, who giveth travail to the sinner, . I said in mine heart; being disappointed of my hopes from knowledge, I resolved in my own mind to try another course. I will prove thee, O my soul, I will try whether I cannot make thee happy, with mirth; by allowing to myself the free enjoyment of the present and sensible delights of human life. Enjoy pleasure; take thy fill of pleasure, and expect satisfaction thence. Is vanity; is vain, and unable to make men happy, because sensible pleasures are mean and unsuitable to the noble and heaven-born soul of man, and if excessively used, apter to cloy and glut men than to satisfy them, and are frequently mixed with, and most commonly end in, bitterness, as being the great instruments and occasions of sin, and of all its fatal consequences.
Trapp's Commentary on Ecclesiastes 2:1
Ecclesiastes 2:1 I said in mine heart, Go to now, I will prove thee with mirth, therefore enjoy pleasure: and, behold, this also [is] vanity.Ver. 1. Go to now, I will prove thee with mirth.] The merry Greeks of the world think that they have the only life of it; that there is no such happiness as to ‘ laugh and be fat,’ to ‘ sing care away,’ and to lie carousing and melting in sinful pleasures; yea, though they perish therein, as the Duke of Clarence did in his butt of malmsey. But a little time will confute these fools, saith Solomon, and let them see that it is better to be preserved in brine than to rot in honey. Flies and wasps use to come to honey and sugar, and such sweet things; so doth Beelzebub, the god of flies, to the hearts of epicures and voluptuaries. Behemoth haunteth the fens. Here, therefore, this wise man was utterly out, and made an ill transition from the search of wisdom to the pursuit of pleasures; from the school of Socrates, to the herd of Epicurus. For though these hogs may grunt out their "Let us eat and drink, for tomorrow we shall die," yet, if death but draw the curtain, and look in upon them, all the mirth is marred, and they put into as great an agony as Belshazzar was at the sight of the handwriting that was against him. A strong sweet wine, originally the product of the neighbourhood of Monemvasia (Napoli di Malvasia) in the Morea; but now obtained from Spain, the Azores, and the islands of Madeira and the Canaries, as well as from Greece.
Ellicott's Commentary on Ecclesiastes 2:1
(1) In mine heart.—To mine heart (Luke 12:19; Psalms 42:11). Go to now.—Numbers 22:6; Judges 19:11. Enjoy.—Heb., see.
Adam Clarke's Commentary on Ecclesiastes 2:1
CHAPTER II The vanity of human courses in the works of pleasure, planting, equipage, amassing wealth, c., 1-11. Wisdom preferable to folly, 12-14 yet little difference between the wise and the foolish in the events of life, 15-17. The vanity of amassing wealth for heirs, when whether they will be foolish or wise cannot be ascertained, 18-21. There is much sorrow in the labour of man, 22, 23. We should enjoy what the providence of God gives, 25, 26. NOTES ON CHAP. I Verse 1. I will prove thee with mirth] This is well expressed by the author so often referred to. Having tried speculative knowledge in vain, passion and appetite whisper, - "From the rugged thorny road Of wisdom, which so ill repays thy toil, Turn back, and enter pleasure's flowery paths. Go, take thy fill of joy; to passion give The reins; nor let one serious thought restrain What youth and affluence prompt."
Cambridge Bible on Ecclesiastes 2:1
1. I will prove thee with mirth] The self-communing of the man talking to his soul, like the rich man in Luke 12:18-19, in search of happiness, leads him to yet another experiment. He will lay aside philosophy and try what pleasure will do, and live as others live. The choice of Faust in Goethe’s great drama, presents a striking parallel in the world of creative Art. The fall of Abelard is hardly a less striking parallel in the history of an actual life. Consciously or unconsciously (probably the former) the Debater had passed from the Hebrew and the Stoic ideals of wisdom to that of the school of Epicurus. The choice of the Hebrew word for “pleasure” (literally “good”) implies that this now appeared the summum bonum of existence. But this experiment also failed. The doom of “vanity” was on this also. The “laughter” was like the crackling of burning thorns (chap.
Ecclesiastes 7:6) and left nothing but the cold grey ashes of a cynical satiety. In the “Go to now” with which the self-communing begins we trace the tone of the irony of disappointment.
Barnes' Notes on Ecclesiastes 2:1
Solomon’s trial of God’s second gift, namely, riches, and the enjoyment which riches supply; this brought him to the sane result (compare Ecclesiastes 1:12).
Whedon's Commentary on Ecclesiastes 2:1
1. In mine heart — Better, To my heart. Go to — Rather, Come now. Therefore enjoy — Hebrew, and thou shalt see.
Sermons on Ecclesiastes 2:1
| Sermon | Description |
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Death Comes to All
by Chuck Smith
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In this sermon, Pastor Chuck Smith discusses the inevitability of death and the importance of wisdom in life. He emphasizes that no matter how well or evilly we live, death is a co |
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The True Pleasantness of being...
by Robert Murray M'Cheyne
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Robert Murray M'Cheyne emphasizes the true pleasantness of being a child of God, contrasting the fleeting and false pleasures of the unconverted with the enduring joy found in Chri |
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1 John 2:16
by John Gill
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John Gill emphasizes the dangers of worldly desires as outlined in 1 John 2:16, warning against the lust of the flesh, the lust of the eyes, and the pride of life. He explains that |
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Homily 1 on the Statues
by St. John Chrysostom
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John Chrysostom preaches about the importance of enduring tribulations and afflictions for the sake of God, highlighting the examples of saints like Job, Paul, and the Apostles who |
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Lovers of Pleasure Described and Warned.
by Edward Payson
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Edward Payson preaches about the dangers of being lovers of pleasures more than lovers of God, highlighting how this character is viewed unfavorably by God, as seen in the Bible. H |
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A Beautiful Harlot Sitting in Her Chariot
by Thomas Brooks
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Thomas Brooks warns against the deceptive nature of sensual pleasures, likening them to a beautiful harlot that ultimately leads to dissatisfaction and pain. He emphasizes that whi |
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Five Solemn Facts
by Oswald J. Smith
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In this sermon, the speaker emphasizes five solemn facts about salvation. Firstly, not everyone will be saved, and the listeners are urged to reflect on their own standing. Secondl |