Quick Definition
ἀποδίδωμι v. I give back, return, sell
Strong's Definition
from 575 and 1325; to give away, i.e. up, over, back, etc. (in various applications)
KJV Usage: deliver (again), give (again), (re-)pay(-ment be made), perform, recompense, render, requite, restore, reward, sell, yield
UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament
verb | ptc. ἀποδιδούς · ptc.neut. ἀποδιδοῦν · impf. ἀπεδίδουν · aor.subj.2sg. ἀποδῷς · 3sg. ἀπόδῷ, ἀποδοῖ · impv. ἀπόδος · inf. ἀποδοῦναι · ptc. ἀποδούς · aor.midd. ἀπεδόμην · aor.pass.inf. ἀποδοθῆναι | δίδωμι
94.3 · Possess, Transfer, Exchange
to return, to give back to return to someone what belongs to that person
57.153 · Possess, Transfer, Exchange · Pay, Price, Cost
to pay, to render to make a payment, with the implication of such a payment being in response to an incurred obligation
MAT 5:26 · MAT 18:25 · MAT 18:25 · MAT 18:26 · MAT 18:28 · MAT 18:29 · MAT 18:30 · MAT 18:34 · MAT 20:8 · MAT 21:41 · MAT 22:21 · MAT 27:58 · MRK 12:17 · LUK 7:42 · LUK 10:35 · LUK 12:59 · LUK 19:8 · LUK 20:25 · ACT 19:40 · ROM 13:7 · 1TI 5:4
38.16 · Punish, Reward · Reward, Recompense
to reward, to recompense to recompense someone, whether positively or negatively, depending upon what the individual deserves
MAT 6:4 · MAT 6:6 · MAT 6:18 · MAT 16:27 · ROM 2:6 · ROM 12:17 · 1TH 5:15 · 2TI 4:8 · 2TI 4:14 · HEB 12:11 · 1PE 3:9 · REV 18:6 · REV 18:6 · REV 22:12
13.136 · Be, Become, Exist, Happen · Happen
to cause to happen, to do, to pay back to cause to happen what has been promised, often in relation to vows or oaths
90.46 · Case · Agent of a Numerable Event
to make, to perform, to do, to give a marker of an agent relation with a numerable event, with the probable implication of some transfer involved
MAT 12:36 · LUK 16:2 · ACT 4:33 · HEB 13:17 · 1PE 4:5 · REV 22:2
57.186 · (ἀποδίδομαι) · Possess, Transfer, Exchange · Sell, Buy, Price
to sell to dispose of property or provide services in exchange for money or other valuable considerations πιπράσκω and ἀποδίδομαι (ἀποδίδωμι[e]) may also be used to refer to selling a person into slavery. Note, for example, πιπράσκω in MAT 18:25 (ἐκέλευσεν αὐτὸν ὁ κύριος πραθῆναι ‘his master ordered him to be sold as a slave’) and ἀποδίδομαι in ACT 7:9 (οἱ πατριάρχαι ζηλώσαντες τὸν Ἰωσὴφ ἀπέδοντο εἰς Αἴγυπτον ‘the patriarchs were jealous of Joseph and sold him to be a slave in Egypt’).
In a number of languages, however, it may be important to use a distinctive term for selling a person into slavery. In fact, it may be necessary to describe the event rather explicitly, for example, ‘to receive money for handing a person over to someone else to be a slave.’
In ROM 7:14 πιπράσκω is used figuratively in the phrase πεπραμένος ὑπὸ τὴν ἁμαρτίαν ‘sold as a slave to sin,’ in the sense that sin is personified as the master.
1 ἀποδίδωμι[a] occurs with a very wide range of types of transfer, for example, wages, proceeds, taxes, debts, and rewards.
UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament © United Bible Societies, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0.
Thayer's Greek Lexicon
ἀπο-δίδωμι, pres. ptep. neut. ἀποδιδοῦν (fr. the form -διδόω, Rey. xxii. 2, where T Tr WH mrg. -διδούς [see WH. App. p. 167]) ; impf. 3 pers. plur. ἀπεδίδουν (for the more com. ἀπεδίδοσαν, Acts iv. 33; cf. W. § 14, 1c.) ; fut. ἀποδώσω; 1 aor. ἀπέδωκα; 2 aor. ἀπέδων, impy. ἀπόδυς. subj. 3 pers. sing. ἀποδῷ and in 1 Thess. v. 15 Tdf. ἀποδοῖ (see δίδωμι), opt. 3 pers. sing. ἀποδώῃ [or rather, -δῴη ; for -δώῃ is a subjunctive form] (2 Tim. iv. 14, for ἀποδοίη, cf. W.§ 14, 1 g.; B. 46 (40); yet L T Tr WH ἀποδώσει) ; Pass., 1 aor. inf. ἀποδοθῆναι: Mid., 2 aor. ἀπεδόμην, 3 pers. sing. ἀπέδοτο (Heb. xii. 16, where L WH ἀπέδετο; cf. B. 47 (41); Delitzsch on Hebr. p. 632 note; [ WH. App. p. 167]); a common verb in Grk. writ. fr. Hom. down, and the N. T. does not deviate at all from their use of it; prop. to put away by giving, to give up, give over, (Germ abgeben, [cf. Win. De verb. comp. ete. Pt. iv. p. 12 sq. who regards ἀπό as denoting to give from some reserved store, or to give over something which might have been retained, or to lay off some burden of debt or duty; cf. Cope on Aristot. rhet.1,1,7]); 1. to deliver, relinquish what is one’s own: τὸ σῶμα τοῦ ᾿Ιησοῦ, Mt. xxvii. 58; hence in mid. to give away for one’s own profit what is one’s own, i. e. to sell [W. 253 (238)]: ri, Acts v. 8; Heb. xii. 16; τινά, Acts vii. 9, (often in this sense in Grk. writ., esp. the Attic, fr. Hdt. 1, 70 down; in Sept. for 933, Gen. xxv. 33 οἷο. ; Bar. vi. [i.e. Ep. Jer.] 27 (28)). 2. to pay off, discharge, what is due, (because a debt, like a burden, is thrown off, ἀπό, by being paid) : a debt (Germ. abtragen), Mt. v. 26; xviii. 25-30, 34; Lk. vii. 42; x. 35; xii. 59; wages, Mt. xx.8; tribute and other dues to the government, Mt. xxii. 21; Mk. xii.17; Lk. xX. 25; Ro. xiii. 7; produce due, Mt. xxi. 41; Heb. xii. 11; Rev. xxii. 2; ὅρκους things promised under oath, Mt. v. 33, cf. Num. xxx. 3, (εὐχήν a vow, Deut. xxiii. 21, ete.) ; conjugal duty, 1 Co. vii. 3 ; ἀμοιβάς grateful requitals, 1 Tim. ν. 4; λόγον to render account: Mt. xii. 36; Lk. xvi. 2; Acts xix. 40; Ro. xiv. 12 L txt. Tr txt.; Heb. xiii. 17; 1 Pet. iv. 5; μαρτύριον to give testimony (as something officially due), Acts iv. 33. Hence 3. to give back, restore: Lk. iv. 20; [vii. 15 Lechm. mrg.]; ix. 42; xix. 8. 4. to requite, recompense, in a good or a bad sense: Mt. vi. 4, 6, 18; xvi. 27; Ro. ii. 6; 2 Tim. iv. [8], 14; Rev. xviii. 6; xxii. 12; κακὸν ἀντὶ κακοῦ, Ro. xii. 17; 1 Th. v. 15; 1 Pet. iii. 9. [Comp.: ἀντ-αποδίδωμι.7 ἢ
Mounce Concise Greek Dictionary
ἀποδίδωμι apodidōmi 48x
to give in answer to a claim or expectation; to render a due, Mt. 12:36; 16:27; 21:41; 22:21; to recompense, Mt. 6:4, 6, 18; to discharge an obligation, Mt. 5:33; to pay a debt, Mt. 5:26; to render back, requite, Rom. 12:17; to give back, restore, Lk. 4:20; 9:42; to refund, Lk. 10:35; 19:8; mid., to sell, Acts 5:8; 7:9; Heb. 12:16; pass., to be sold, Mt. 18:25; to be given up at a request, Mt. 27:58
Abbott-Smith Greek Lexicon
ἀπο-δίδωμι,
[in LXX for מכר, שׁוּב hi., נתן, שׁלם pi., etc.;]
to give up or back, restore, return: Mt 27:58, Lk 4:20 9:42 19:8; esp. of wages, debts, oaths, etc. (MM, s.v.), to render what is due, to pay (Deiss., LAE, 334 f.): absol., Mt 18:25, 28, Lk 7:42. c. acc., Mt 5:26 18:29, 30, 34 20:8 21:41 22:21, Mk 12:17, Lk 10:35 12:59 20:25, Ro 13:7, He 12:11, Re 22:2; ὅρκους, Mt 5:33 (cf. Nu 30:3, De 23:21 al.); of conjugal duty, τ. ὀφειλήν, I Co 7:3; ἀμοιβάς, I Ti 5:4; μαρτύριον, to give (as in duty bound) testimony, Ac 4:33; λόγον, to render account, Mt 12:36, Lk 16:2, Ac 19:40, He 13:17, I Pe 4:5; hence of requital, recompense, both in good and bad sense, Mt 6:4, 6, 18 16:27, Ro 2:6, II Ti 4:8, 14, Re 18:6 22:12; κακὸν ἀντὶ κακοῦ, Ro 12:17, I Th 5:15, I Pe 3:9. Mid., to give up of one's own, hence to sell (fr. Hdt. on): c. acc. rei, Ac 5:8, He 12:16; c. acc. pers., Ac 7:9 (cf. ἀντ-αποδίδωμι).†
Moulton & Milligan — Vocabulary of the Greek NT
ἀποδίδωμι. It is unnecessary to illustrate at length this very common verb, the uses of which are on familiar lines. Thus ἀπόδος τῷ ϑεῖνι is the direction on the back of a letter, e.g. P Oxy II. 2932 (A.D. 27) ἀπόδο(ς) παρὰ Διον[υσίου] Διδύμῃ τῆι ἀδελφῇ] ; see also Wilcken Archiv v. p. 238 for the use of ἀπόδος to denote the transmission of an official document. Similarly the verb is the appropriate one everywhere for the “‘ paying” of a debt, or “restoring” of a due of any kind—P Eleph 1 (B.c. 311-0) (= Se/ections, p. 3) of a dowry, Ἡρακλείδης Δημητρίαι τὴμ φερνὴν ἣν προσηνέγκατο (δραχμὰς) A, an observance due to the gods P Giss I. 2719 (ii/A.D.) ἵνα. . . Tots θεοῖς τὰς ὀφειλομένα[ς] σπονδὰς ἀποδῶ, rent 74. 464 (Hadrian) τὰ [ἐϊκφόρια οὐκ ἀπέδοσαν, P Oxy I. 373-8 (A.D. 49) (= Selections, p. 51) of wages for services that have not been fully rendered, ἀποδοῦσαν αὐτὴν ὃ εἴληφεν ἀργύριον, and 20. 11. 2695 (A.D. 57) of a loan of money, ἂς ἀποδώσω σοι τῇ τριακάδι τοῦ Κα[ισαρεί]ου μηνός. In P Grenf I. 437 Ὁ (ii/B.c.) [α]ὐτοῦ δὲ μηδ᾽ ἀποδεδωκότος ἡμῖν μ[ηδὴὲ ἵππον μηδὲ τὴν πορείαν αὐτῆς ἐπίιδε]δωκότος, we have two compounds well distinguished. For some notes on its flexion see under δίδωμι. The middle ἀποδόσθαι ‘‘sell” (Ac 58 etc.) may be illustrated from P Tor I. 1iv-22 (B.c. 116) (=Chrest. 11. p. 34), %: 24 (p. 36) etc. Cf. MGr ἀποδίδω.
Liddell-Scott-Jones — Greek-English Lexicon
ἀποδίδωμι (apodidōmi) — to pay. ἀποδίδωμι, future -δώσω: aorist 1 ἀπέδωκα: aorist 2 ἀπέδων[Refs 2nd c.AD+]infinitive ἀποδοῦν probably in [Refs 5th c.AD+]:—give up or back, restore, return, τινί τι[Refs 8th c.BC+]: especially render what is due, pay, as debts, penalties, submission, honour, etc., τοκεῦσι θρέπτρα[Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἀ. τινὶ λώβην give him back his insuit, i.e. make atonement for it, [Refs]; τὴν πλημμέλειαν[LXX+6th c.BC+]; ἀ. τὸ μόρσιμον pay the debt of fate, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὴν ζημίαν, τὴν καταδίκην, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; εὐχάς[Refs 5th c.BC+]:—passive, ἔως κ᾽ ἀπὸ πάντα δοθείη[Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἀ. μισθός, χάριτες, [Refs 5th c.BC+]
2. assign, ταῖς γυναιξὶ μουσικὴν καὶ γυμναστικήν[Refs 5th c.BC+]
2. b refer to one, as belonging to his department, εἰς τοὺς κριτὰς τὴν κρίσιν[Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἀ. εἰς τὴν βουλὴν περὶ αὐτῶν refer their case to the Council, [Refs 5th c.BC+]
3. render, yield, of land, ἐπὶ διηκόσια ἀποδοῦναι (i.e. καρπόν) yield fruit two hundred-fold, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἤν ἡ χώρη κατὰ λόγον ἐπιδιδοῖ ἐς ὕψος καὶ τὸ ὅμοιον ἀποδιδοῖ ἐς αὔξησιν renders, makes a like increase in extent, [Refs 5th c.BC+]
4. concede, allow, with infinitive, suffer or allow a person to do, ἀ. τισὶ αὐτονομεῖσθαι[Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐπειδὰν αὐτοῖς ὁ λόγος ἀποδοθῆ when right of speech is allowed them, [Refs 4th c.BC+]
5. ἀ. τινά with an adjective, render or make so and so, like{ἀποδείκνυμι}, ἀ. τὴν τέρψιν βεβαιοτέραν [Refs 5th c.BC+]
5. b exhibit, display, τὴν ὑπάρχουσαν ἀρετήν[Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἀ. τὴν ἰδίαν μορφήν render, express it, [Refs 4th c.BC+]; ἀ. φαντασίαν τινός present appearance of, [Refs 1st c.BC+]
6. deliver over, give up, e.g. as a slave, [Refs 5th c.BC+]
7. ἀ. ἐπιστολήν deliver a letter, [Refs 5th c.BC+]
8. ἀ. τὸν ἀγῶνα ὀρθῶς καὶ καλῶς bring it to a conclusion, [Refs 4th c.BC+]
9. λόγον ἀ. render an account, [Refs 4th c.BC+] —passive, μαρτυρίαι ἀ. Test. cited in [Refs 4th c.BC+]
10. ἀ. ὅρκον, see at {ὅρκος}.
11. give an account or definition of a thing, explain it, [Refs 5th c.BC+]de.An.[Refs]; also, use by way of definition, ὁ μὲν τὴν ὕλην ἀποδίδωσιν, ὁ δὲ τὸ εἶδος[Refs]; simply, define, τὸν ἄνθρωπον[Refs 2nd c.AD+]; expound, [Refs 4th c.BC+]; render, interpret one word by another, ἀ. τὴν κοτύλην ἄλεισον[Refs 2nd c.AD+]; explain, interpret, τὸ φωνὴν αἵματος βοᾶν[Refs 1st c.AD+]:—passive, βέλτιον ἀποδοθήσεται[Refs 4th c.BC+]use with reference to, [Refs 5th c.BC+]
12. attach or append, make dependent upon, τί τινι or εἴς τι[Refs 2nd c.BC+]
13. ἀ. τί τινος assign a property to a thing, [Refs 4th c.BC+]
II. intransitive, return, recur, [Refs]
II.2. Rhet. and Grammars, introduce a clause answering to the πρότασις, [Refs 1st c.BC+]; οὐκ ἀποδίδωσι τὸ ἐπεί has no apodosis, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; especially in similes, complete the comparison, [Refs 4th c.BC+]
II.3. in Tactics, turn back to face the enemy, εἰς ὀρθόν[Refs 1st c.BC+]
II.4. in Medicine texts in passive, to be evacuated, σὺν τοῖς περιττώμασιν[Refs 1st c.AD+]
III. middle, give away of one's own will, sell, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἀ. τι ἐς τὴν Ἑλλάδα take to Greece and sell it there, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἀ. τῆς ἀξίας, τοῦ εὑρίσκοντος, sell for its worth, for what it will fetch, [Refs 4th c.BC+]; ὅταν τις οἰκέτην πονηρὸν πωλῆ (= offer for sale) καὶ ἀποδῶται τοῦ εὑρόντος[Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἀ. εἰσαγγελίαν sell, i.e. take a bribe to forgo, the information, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; at Athens, especially farm out the public taxes, [Refs 4th c.BC+]: metaphorically, οἷον πρὸς ἄργυρον τὴν δόξαν τὰς ψυχάς[Refs 4th c.AD+]:—active and middle are distinguished in Legal cited in [Refs 5th c.BC+]: but active is used in middle sense in [Refs 5th c.BC+]: middle for active in [Refs 5th c.BC+]:—passive, to be sold, [Refs 5th c.AD+]