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Thomas Shepard

Thomas Shepard (November 5, 1605–August 25, 1649) was an English Puritan preacher and theologian, a key figure in early American colonial Christianity, renowned for his fervent sermons and role in founding Harvard College. Born in Towcester, Northamptonshire, to William Shepard, a grocer, and an unnamed mother who died when he was 10, he grew up in a godly but troubled home—his father’s remarriage brought a cruel stepmother. At 15, he entered Emmanuel College, Cambridge, in 1620, earning a B.A. in 1623 and an M.A. in 1627. A transformative conversion in 1621, spurred by Laurence Chaderton’s preaching, turned him from youthful rebellion to ministry, though Archbishop William Laud’s 1630 ban on his preaching for nonconformity forced him to flee England in 1635 with his family aboard the Defence. Shepard’s preaching career in America began when he settled in Newtown (now Cambridge), Massachusetts, becoming pastor of the First Church in 1636. His sermons, rich with introspection and warnings of divine judgment, shaped Puritan spirituality—his Sincere Convert (1640) and Sound Believer (1645) urged genuine faith over hypocrisy. A leader in the Antinomian Controversy, he opposed Anne Hutchinson’s views, reinforcing covenant theology. He helped establish Harvard in 1636, serving as an overseer to train ministers, and preached at the 1647 Cambridge Synod, defending orthodoxy. His 22-volume diary and Autobiography reveal a man wrestling with sin and grace, influencing figures like Jonathan Edwards.