Numbers 34:8 — Word Study
WLCמֵהֹ֣ר הָהָ֔ר תְּתָא֖וּ לְבֹ֣א חֲמָ֑ת וְהָי֛וּ תּוֹצְאֹ֥ת הַגְּבֻ֖ל צְדָֽדָה׃
BSAand from Mounthar [a high elevation, Hor the mountain peak] HorHôr to Lebo-hamathChămâth [the entrance of Hamath, a major city in Syria] [then]gᵉbûwl extendhâyâh [mark out, designate] to ZedadTsᵉdâd [a boundary mark, a place near ancient Palestine]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| מֵהֹ֣ר | from Hor | Preposition, noun proper |
| הָהָ֔ר | the mountain | Particle, noun common masculine singular absolute |
| תְּתָא֖וּ | you will mark out | Verb, Piel, imperfect second person masculine plural |
| לְבֹ֣א | Lebo | Verb, Qal, infinitive construct common |
| חֲמָ֑ת | Hamath | Noun proper |
| וְהָי֛וּ | and they will be | Verb, Qal, sequential perfect third person common plural |
| תּוֹצְאֹ֥ת | [the] extremities of | Noun common, feminine plural construct |
| הַגְּבֻ֖ל | the border | Particle, noun common masculine singular absolute |
| צְדָֽדָה׃ | Zedad towards | Noun proper, suffix |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | and from Mount Hor to Lebo-hamath, then extend to Zedad, |
| KJV | From mount Hor ye shall point out your border unto the entrance of Hamath; and the goings forth of the border shall be to Zedad: |
| ASV | from mount Hor ye shall mark out unto the entrance of Hamath; and the goings out of the border shall be at Zedad; |
| YLT | from mount Hor ye mark out to go in to Hamath, and the outgoings of the border have been to Zedad; |
| WEB | From Mount Hor you shall mark out to the entrance of Hamath; and the border shall pass by Zedad. |
| BBE | And from Mount Hor the line will go in the direction of Hamath; the farthest point of it will be at Zedad: |
Where they part company is in the interpretation of תְּתָא֖וּ — see How Translations Differ.
The sentence structure clearly delineates the geographical progression from one landmark to another, emphasizing the clarity of the boundary definitions.
6 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
verbתָּאָה
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Numbers 34:8
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Boundaries of the Promised Landgenerated
Numbers 34:8 describes the northern border of Israel, detailing the geographical markers from Mount Hor to Zedad. This is part of a larger passage that outlines the boundaries of the land promised to the Israelites, emphasizing the importance of these landmarks for the allocation of territory among the tribes of Israel.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Numbers 13:21 | So they went up and spied out the land from the Wilderness of Zin as far as Rehob, toward Lebo-hamath. |
| 2 | Joshua 13:5–6 | the land of the Gebalites; and all Lebanon to the east, from Baal-gad below Mount Hermon to Lebo-hamath. |
| 3 | 2 Samuel 8:9 | When King Toi of Hamath heard that David had defeated the entire army of Hadadezer, |
| 4 | 2 Kings 14:25 | This Jeroboam restored the boundary of Israel from Lebo-hamath to the Sea of the Arabah, according to the word that the LORD, the God of Israel, had spoken through His servant Jonah son of Amittai, the prophet from Gath-hepher. |
| 5 | Jeremiah 39:5 | But the army of the Chaldeans pursued them and overtook Zedekiah in the plains of Jericho. They seized him and brought him up to Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon at Riblah in the land of Hamath, where he pronounced judgment on him. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 6 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — תְּתָא֖וּ, te.ta.'Ugenerated
The verb תְּתָא֖וּ (te.ta.'U) is a Piel imperfect form meaning 'you will mark out'. It indicates an action of designating or pointing out specific boundaries, which is crucial in the context of land division.
This word appears in only a couple of instances in the Hebrew Bible, emphasizing its specific use in legal or geographical contexts, such as in this verse where it instructs the Israelites on how to delineate their territory.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
The translations generally agree on the meaning of תְּתָא֖וּ as 'you will mark out'.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The finite verbs תְּתָא֖וּ (you will mark out) and הָי֛וּ (and they will be) govern the structure of the verse, with prepositional and noun phrases detailing the boundaries.
The sentence structure emphasizes the action of marking out the boundary and the subsequent description of the geographical locations involved.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates תְּתָא֖וּ as καταμετρήσετε (you will measure out), which suggests a similar action of designating boundaries but with a focus on measurement rather than marking.
This choice indicates a slight interpretative shift in the Greek tradition, emphasizing the precision involved in establishing territorial limits.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Numbers 34:8 specifies the northern border of Israel, starting from Mount Hor and extending to Zedad. This verse is part of God's instructions to the Israelites about how to divide the land they were to inhabit.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
This boundary marks the northern limit of the Promised Land, indicating where the territory of Israel begins.
Geographical markers are crucial for defining territory, ensuring that each tribe of Israel knows its allotted land.
The theme of land allocation is central to the narrative of the Israelites, symbolizing God's promise and provision for His people.
Hamath serves as a significant landmark in the northern boundary, highlighting its importance in the historical and geographical context of Israel.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What significance do boundaries have in your own life, and how do they help define your space?
- How can understanding the geographical context of biblical events enhance your reading of Scripture?
- In what ways do you see God's promises reflected in the physical land described in the Bible?
- How does the concept of marking boundaries apply to your personal or spiritual life?
Commentators on this verse — 6 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Numbers 34:8 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleFrom Mount Hor ye shall point out your border unto the entrance of Hamath,.... Antiochia, as Jarchi; or rather Epiphania, as Jerom (r); the former being described by Hemath the great, Amos 6:2, this
Read John Gill on Numbers 34 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryFrom mount Hor ye shall point out your border unto the entrance of Hamath; and the goings forth of the border shall be to Zedad: Entrance of Hamath - the pass at Kalat-el-Husn, near Hums, the
Read Robert Jamieson on Numbers 34 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleHamath, called Hamath the great, , which is among the northern borders, ,17. See ,18 Numbers 13:21 .
Read Matthew Poole on Numbers 34 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsNumbers 34:8 From mount Hor ye shall point out [your border] unto the entrance of Hamath; and the goings forth of the border shall be to Zedad:Ver. 8. Unto the entrance of Hamath.] Called Hamath the great, affecting haply to be held the greatest village, as the Hague in Holland doth, and remains therefore unwalled.
Read John Trapp on Numbers 34 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(8) From Mount Hor . . . —From Mount Hor the boundary line was to pass the unknown Ziphron to the village of Enan, or Hazar-enan, which is likewise unknown. (Comp. Ezekiel 47:16-18.) This line probably crossed the northern portion of the Lebanon.
Read Charles John Ellicott on Numbers 34 →Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible7-9. Your north border — This cannot be accurately identified, since the whole topography is in a most unsatisfactory state as regards the comprehension of the original record and knowledge of the
Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Numbers 34 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
and from Mount Hor to Lebo-hamath, then extend to Zedad,
From Mount Hor you shall mark out to the entrance of Hamath; and the border shall pass by Zedad.
and from Mount Hor to Lebo-hamath, then extend to Zedad,
from Mount Hor you will draw a line to Lebo Hamath, and the direction of the border will be to Zedad.
Tyndale line
From mount Hor ye shall point out your border unto the entrance of Hamath; and the goings forth of the border shall be to Zedad:
from mount Hor ye shall mark out unto the entrance of Hamath; and the goings out of the border shall be at Zedad;
from mount Hor ye shall mark out unto the entering in of Hamath; and the goings out of the border shall be at Zedad:
From mount Hor ye shall designate your border to the entrance of Hamath; and the limits of the border shall be at Zedad:
From mount Hor ye shall point out till it come vnto Hamath, and the end of the coast shall be at Zedad.
Strictly literal
from mount Hor ye shall mark out the entrance to Hamath, and the end of the border shall be toward Zedad;
from mount Hor ye mark out to go in to Hamath, and the outgoings of the border have been to Zedad;
from Mount Hor you mark out to go to Hamath, and the outgoings of the border have been to Zedad;
From mount Hor shall ye mark out [the boundary] unto the entrance of Chamath; and the terminations of the border shall be toward Zedad;
then from Mount Hor to Lebo Hamath, then on to Zedad.
From the Latin
From which they shall come to Emath, as far as the borders of Sedada:
Simplified
From Mount Hor the boundary will go to Lebo-hamath, then on to Zedad,
And from Mount Hor the line will go in the direction of Hamath; the farthest point of it will be at Zedad:
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text is largely consistent with the Septuagint, with eight out of nine words matching. The Samaritan Pentateuch presents six differences, notably in the terms for 'come' and 'Hamath,' indicating some variations in the understanding of these geographical markers.
מֵהֹ֣ר הָהָ֔ר תְּתָא֖וּ לְבֹ֣א חֲמָ֑ת וְהָי֛וּ תּוֹצְאֹ֥ת הַגְּבֻ֖ל צְדָֽדָה׃
8 of the 9 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
ומהר ההר תתאו לבוא חמתה והיה תוצאיתו הגבול צרדה
6 words differ from the Masoretic Text: בוא (come), חמתה (Hamath), היה (be), תוצאיתו (end), גבול (boundary), צרדה (Zedad)
[ומהור] [ההר] [תתאו] לבוא חמת׳ה [והיו] תוצאותי׳ו [הגבול] [צרדה]
1 word on the leather — 2 partly restored, 6 supplied entire by an editor.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Numbers 34:8
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
הֹר (hor) means 'mountain' and refers to specific peaks, notably Mount Hor in Edom, where Aaron died, and another in Lebanon marking a northern boundary. The entries indicate its geographical significance in ancient Israelite context, particularly in relation to Edom and Lebanon.
הֹר n.pr.mont.
mt. on border of Edom
a NE. spur of Lebanon
base
H2023 הֹר . mt. on border of Edom
. a NE. spur of Lebanon
2023 Hor hore
another form of 2022; mountain; Hor, the name of a peak in
Idumaea and of one in Syria:--Hor.
see HEBREW for 02022
הֹר (hor) — (Mount) Hor.
§ Hor = "mountain"
the mountain on which Aaron died; situated on the eastern side of the valley of Arabah, the highest of the whole range of sandstone mountains in Edom; on the eastern side is the ancient city of Petra
הֹר (hor) — (Mount) Hor.
§ Hor = "mountain"
the mountain named as one of the marks of the northern boundary of the land which the children of Israel were about to conquer; located in Lebanon
Prep | N-proper — Preposition · noun properHR/Npl
Hor
Mountain. (1.) One of the mountains of the chain of Seir or Edom, on the confines of Idumea (Num. 20:22-29; 33:37). It was one of the stations of the Israelites in the wilderness (33:37), which they reached in the circuitous route they were obliged to take because the Edomites refused them a passage through their territory. It was during the encampment here that Aaron died (Num. 33:37-41). (See AARON.) The Israelites passed this mountain several times in their wanderings. It bears the modern name of Jebel Harun, and is the highest and most conspicious of the whole range. It stands about midway between the Dead Sea and the Elanitic gulf. It has two summits, in the hallow between which it is supposed that Aaron died. Others, however, suppose that this mountain is the modern…
(mountain), Mount. The mountain on which Aaron died. (Numbers 20:25,27) It was "on the boundary line," (Numbers 20:23) or "at the edge," ch. (Numbers 33:37) of the land of Edom. It was the halting-place of the people next after Kadesh, ch. (Numbers 20:22; 33:37) and they quitted it for Zalmonah, ch. (Numbers 33:41) in the road to the Red Sea. ch. (Numbers 21:4) It was during the encampment at Kadesh that Aaron was gathered to his fathers. Mount Hor is situated on the eastern side of the great valley of the Arabah , the highest and most conspicuous of the whole…
A mountain of a conical form in the range of mount Seir, on the east side of the Arabah, or great valley running from the Dead sea to the Elanitic gulf. It is an irregularly truncated cone, with three rugged peaks, overlooking a wilderness of heights, cliffs, ravines, and alone with his brother and son, Nu 20:22-29; 33:38. It is still called Jebel Neby Haroon, mount of the prophet Aaron; and on its summit stands a Mohammedan tomb of Aaron, on the site of a still more ancient structure, and marking perhaps the place of his burial.
who conceives, or shows; a hill
הַר (har) means 'mountain' or 'hill,' and can refer to a range of hills or hill-country. It is derived from a root that suggests elevation and can be used figuratively. The entries consistently highlight its geographical connotations without significant disagreement.
הַר 568 n.m. mountain, hill, hill-country
mountain, hill
hill-country, mountain-region
base
H2022 הַר mountain, hill, hill-country
2022 har har
a shortened form of 2042; a mountain or range of hills
(sometimes used figuratively):--hill (country), mount(-ain), X
promotion.
see HEBREW for 02042
הַר (har) — mountain: mount.
: mount/hill
hill, mountain, hill country, mount
הַר (har) — mountain: hill country.
: hill_country
hill, mountain, hill country, mount
A sub-meaning of har (הַר ": mount" H2022)
Art | N-ms — Particle · noun common masculine singular absoluteHTd/Ncmsa
תָּאָה (ta'ah) is a Hebrew verb meaning to mark or designate. It is primarily used in the Piel form, indicating an intensive action of marking out or pointing out boundaries. The entries suggest a focus on the act of designating specific areas or limits.
[תָּאָה] vb. Pi. appar. ye shall mark out (the boundary)
base
H8376 תָּאָה
8376 ta'ah taw-aw'
a primitive root; to mark off, i.e. (intensively)
designate:--point out.
תָּאָה (ta.ah) — to mark.
(Piel) to mark out, point out
HVpi2mp — Verb · Piel · imperfect second person masculine pluralHVpi2mp
בּוֹא (bo) is a Hebrew verb meaning to come or go in, with a wide range of applications including entering, arriving, and bringing in. It can refer to both physical movement and abstract concepts like events coming to pass. The verb appears in various forms, such as Qal (to come), Hiphil (to cause to come), and Hophal (to be brought). There is no significant disagreement among lexicons regarding its meanings.
בּוֹא 2569 vb. come in, come, go in, go
Qal
come in
come (approach, arrive)
go, i.e. walk, associate with
go from speaker, but with limit of motion given
Hiph.
cause to come in, bring in (conduct, lead, obj. persons and animals)
cause to come, bring, bring near, etc. (animate obj.)
Hoph.
be brought in (of pers. and things)
be brought
be introduced, put
base
H935 בּוֹא come in, come, go in, go .. come in
. come (approach, arrive)
. go, i.e. walk, associate with
. go from speaker, but with limit of motion given
. . cause to come in, bring in (conduct, lead, obj. persons and animals)
. cause to come, bring, bring near, etc. (animate obj.)
. . be brought in (of pers. and things)
. be brought
. be introduced, put
935 bow' bo
a primitive root; to go or come (in a wide variety of
applications):--abide, apply, attain, X be, befall, +
besiege, bring (forth, in, into, to pass), call, carry, X
certainly, (cause, let, thing for) to come (against, in, out,
upon, to pass), depart, X doubtless again, + eat, + employ,
(cause to) enter (in, into, -tering, -trance, -try), be
fallen, fetch, + follow, get, give, go (down, in, to war),
grant, + have, X indeed, (in-)vade, lead, lift (up), mention,
pull in, put, resort, run (down), send, set, X (well) stricken
(in age), X surely, take (in), way.
בּוֹא (bo) — to come (in): come.
: come/go_in
1) to go in, enter, come, go, come in
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to enter, come in
1a2) to come
1a2a) to come with
1a2b) to come upon, fall or light upon, attack (enemy)
1a2c) to come to pass
1a3) to attain to
1a4) to be enumerated
1a5) to go
1b) (Hiphil)
1b1) to lead in
1b2) to carry in
1b3) to bring in, cause to come in, gather, cause to come, bring near, bring against, bring upon
1b4) to bring to pass
1c) (Hophal)
1c1) to be brought, brought in
1c2) to be introduced, be put
לְב֥וֹא (bo) — Lebo-(Hamath).
This name means to go in, enter
Combined with cha.mat (חֲמָת "Hamath" H2574)
בּוֹא (bo) — to come (in): towards.
: towards/entrance
1) to go in, enter, come, go, come in
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to enter, come in
1a2) to come
1a2a) to come with
1a2b) to come upon, fall or light upon, attack (enemy)
1a2c) to come to pass
1a3) to attain to
1a4) to be enumerated
HVqcc — Verb · Qal · infinitive construct commonHVqcc
The Hebrew word חֲמָת (*Chamath*) refers to a location, specifically a city in upper Syria known as Hamath, which means 'fortress.' It is noted in the context of being a significant city in the valley of the Orontes. The term is associated with the root meaning of 'walled' and is mentioned in Amos 6:2 as 'great Hamath.'
חֲמָת, חֲמַת n.pr.loc. (√ dub.; fortress). It is called great Hamath by Am 6:2 (חֲמַת רַבָּה)
base
H2574 חֲמָת, חֲמַת (√ dub.; fortress)
2574 Chamath kham-awth'
from the same as 2346; walled; Chamath, a place in
Syria:--Hamath, Hemath.
see HEBREW for 02346
חֲמָת (cha.mat) — Hamath.
§ Hamath = "fortress"
the principle city of upper Syria in the valley of the Orontes
חֲמָת (cha.mat) — (Zobah)-Hamath.
Hamath = "fortress"
the principle city of upper Syria in the valley of the Orontes
Combined with tso.va (צוֹבָא "Zobah" H6678)
N-proper — Noun properHNpl
ha'-math (chamath; Hemath, Haimath; Swete also has Hemath): The word signifies a defense or citadel, and such designation was very suitable for this chief royal city of the Hittites, situated between their northern and southern capitals, Carchemish and Kadesh, on a gigantic mound beside the Orontes. In Am 6:2 it is named Great Hamath, but not necessarily to distinguish it from other places of the same name.
1. Early History:
The Hamathite is mentioned in Ge 10:18 among the sons of Canaan, but in historic times the population, as the personal names testify, seems to have been for the most part Semitic. The ideal boundary of Israel reached the territory, but not the city of Hamath (Nu 34:8;
Hamath
Fortress, the capital of one of the kingdoms of Upper Syria of the same name, on the Orontes, in the valley of Lebanon, at the northern boundary of Palestine (Num. 13:21; 34:8), at the foot of Hermon (Josh. 13:5) towards Damascus (Zech. 9:2; Jer. 49:23). It is called “Hamath the great” in Amos 6:2, and “Hamath-zobah” in 2 Chr. 8:3.
Hamath, now Hamah, had an Aramaean population, but Hittite monuments discovered there show that it must have been at one time occupied by the Hittites. It was among the conquests of the Pharaoh Thothmes III. Its king, Tou or Toi…
(fortress), the principal city of upper Syria, was situated in the valley of the Orontes, which it commanded from the low screen of hills which forms the water-shed between the source of the Orontes and Antioch. The Hamathites were a Hamitic race, and are included among the descendants of Canaan. (Genesis 10:18) Nothing appears of the power of Hamath until the time of David. (2 Samuel 8:9) Hamath seems clearly to have been included in the dominions of Solomon. (1 Kings 4:21-24) The "store-cities" which Solomon "built in Hamath," (2 Chronicles 8:4) were perhaps staples for trade. In the Assyrian inscriptions of the time of Ahab (B.C. 900) Hamath appears as a separate power, in…
A celebrated city of Syria. Hamath, like Jerusalem and Damascus, is one of the few places in Syria and Palestine which have retained a certain degree of importance from the very earliest ages to the present time. The name occurs in Ge 10:18, as the seat of a Canaanitish tribe; and it is often mentioned as the northern limits of Canaan in its widest extent, Nu 13:21; Jos 13:5; Jud 3:3. In David’s time, Toi king of Hamath was his ally, 2Sa 8:9,10.
Burckhardt describes Hamath as "situated on both sides of the Orontes; a part of it is built on the declivity of a hill, and a part in the plain. The town is of considerable…
The Hebrew word הָיָה (hayah) is a primitive root meaning to exist or become, and it encompasses a range of meanings including to happen, occur, and come to pass. It is often used in narrative contexts, particularly in phrases like "and it came to pass." The word can also denote a state of being or existence, and it appears frequently in various forms throughout the Old Testament.
הָיָה 3570 vb. fall out, come to pass, become, be
Qal
Fall out, happen
occur, take place, come about, come to pass
esp. & very oft., come about, come to pass
וַיְהִי and it came to pass that, most often (c. 292 t.)
rarely also Pf. c. וְ conj. וְהָיָה
less oft. וְהָיָה Pf. consec. and it shall come to pass, or frequentat. came to pass (repeatedly, etc.)
Come into being, become
abs., in lively narrative, arise, appear, come
sq. prep.
become
sq. pred. noun (to be viewed as implicit accus.)
sq. pred. adj.
become like
sq. pred. לְ pers.
sq. לְ pred.
oft. c. לְ pred. לְ pers.
with עַל and לְ
sts. c. לְ pers. only = became the property of, come into the possession of
Be (often with subbordinate idea of becoming)
exist, be in existence
abide, remain, continue
with word of locality, be in or at a place, be situated, stand, lie
as copula, joining subj. & pred.
H1961 הָיָה fall out, come to pass, become, be .. . . Fall out, happen
. occur, take place, come about, come to pass
. esp. & very oft., come about, come to pass . . וַיְהִי and it came to pass that, most often (c. 292 t.)
. rarely also Pf. c. וְ conj. וְהָיָה
. less oft. וְהָיָה Pf. consec. and it shall come to pass, or frequentat. came to pass (repeatedly, etc.)
. Come into being, become . . abs., in lively narrative, arise, appear, come
. sq. prep.
. become . sq. pred. noun (to be viewed as implicit accus.)
. sq. pred. adj.
. become like
. sq. pred. + לְ pers.
. sq. לְ pred.
. oft. c. לְ pred. + לְ pers.
. with עַל and לְ
. sts. c. לְ pers. only = became the property of, come into the possession of
. Be (often with subbordinate idea of becoming) . exist, be in existence
. abide, remain, continue
1961 hayah haw-yaw
a primitive root (compare 1933); to exist, i.e. be or become,
come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or
auxiliary):--beacon, X altogether, be(-come), accomplished,
committed, like), break, cause, come (to pass), do, faint,
fall, + follow, happen, X have, last, pertain, quit
(one-)self, require, X use.
see HEBREW for 01933
הָיָה (ha.yah) — to be.
1) to be, become, come to pass, exist, happen, fall out
1a) (Qal)
1a1) ---
1a1a) to happen, fall out, occur, take place, come about, come to pass
1a1b) to come about, come to pass
1a2) to come into being, become
1a2a) to arise, appear, come
1a2b) to become
1a2b1) to become
1a2b2) to become like
1a2b3) to be instituted, be established
1a3) to be
1a3a) to exist, be in existence
1a3b) to abide, remain, continue (with word of place or time)
1a3c) to stand, lie, be in, be at, be situated (with word of locality)
1a3d) to accompany, be with
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to occur, come to pass, be done, be brought about
1b2) to be done, be finished, be gone
Conj | V-Qal-3cp — Verb · Qal · sequential perfect third person common pluralHc/Vqq3cp
תּוֹצָאָה (towtsa'ah) refers to the concept of an outgoing or exit, often associated with geographical boundaries or figurative meanings like deliverance and source. It can denote extremities, borders, or even an escape from death. The word is derived from a root meaning 'to go out' and appears only in the plural form.
[תּוֹצָאָה] n.f. outgoing, extremity, source (?), escape
base
H8444 תּוֹצָאָה
8444 towtsa'ah to-tsaw-aw'
or totsaah {to-tsaw-aw'}; from 3318; (only in plural
collective) exit, i.e. (geographical) boundary, or
(figuratively) deliverance, (actively) source:--border(-s),
going(-s) forth (out), issues, outgoings.
see HEBREW for 03318
תּוֹצָאָה (to.tsa.ah) — outgoing.
1) outgoing, border, a going out, extremity, end, source, escape
1a) outgoing, extremity (of border)
1b) source (of life)
1c) escape (from death)
HNcfpc — Noun common · feminine plural constructHNcfpc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
גְּבוּל (gbuwl) refers to a border or boundary, often implying a defined territory. It can denote a physical limit, such as a coast or landmark, and can also have figurative uses, like a region of darkness. The word is derived from a root meaning 'cord' and encompasses various meanings related to boundaries and territories.
גְּבוּל 240 n.m. border, boundary, territory
border, boundary
territory (enclosed within boundary)
base
H1366 גְּבוּל border, boundary, territory
1366 gbuwl gheb-ool'
or (shortened) gbul {gheb-ool'}; from 1379; properly, a cord
(as twisted), i.e. (by implication) a boundary; by extens. the
territory inclosed:--border, bound, coast, X great, landmark,
limit, quarter, space.
see HEBREW for 01379
גְּבוּל (ge.vul) — border: boundary.
: boundary
1) border, territory
1a) border
1b) territory (enclosed within boundary)
1c) region, territory (of darkness) (fig.)
Also means: ge.vul (גְּבוּל ": area" H1366H)
גְּבוּל (ge.vul) — border: area.
: area
1) border, territory
1a) border
1b) territory (enclosed within boundary)
1c) region, territory (of darkness) (fig.)
Art | N-ms — Particle · noun common masculine singular absoluteHTd/Ncmsa
צְדָד (tsedad) refers to a location, specifically Zedad, which is described as a 'mountain side' and is noted as a landmark on the northern border of Israel. The entries indicate that it is derived from a root related to 'siding' and is associated with the northern border of Canaan as mentioned in biblical texts.
[צָדָד, צְדָד] n.pr.loc. on N. border of Canaan
base
H6657 צָדָד, צְדָד
6657 Tsdad tsed-awd'
from the same as 6654; a siding; Tsedad, a place near
Palestine:--Zedad.
see HEBREW for 06654
צְדָד (tse.dad) — Zedad.
§ Zedad = "mountain side"
one of the landmarks on the northern border of Israel as promised by Moses and restated by Ezekiel
N-proper | Suff — Noun proper · suffixHNpl/Sd