Numbers 34:9 — Word Study
WLCוְיָצָ֤א הַגְּבֻל֙ זִפְרֹ֔נָה וְהָי֥וּ תוֹצְאֹתָ֖יו חֲצַ֣ר עֵינָ֑ן זֶֽה־ יִהְיֶ֥ה לָכֶ֖ם גְּב֥וּל צָפֽוֹן׃
BSAcontinueyâtsâʼ to ZiphronZiphrôn△ [a place of fragrance] and endhâyâh at Hazar-enanChătsar ʻÊynân [village of fountains, a city on the northeast border] ◂Thiszeh will behâyâh▸ boundarygᵉbûwl [the northern limit, border] on the northtsâphôwn [Zaphon, the direction of the rising sun]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| וְיָצָ֤א | and it will go out | Verb, Qal, sequential perfect third person masculine singular |
| הַגְּבֻל֙ | the border | Particle, noun common masculine singular absolute |
| זִפְרֹ֔נָה | Ziphron towards | Noun proper, suffix |
| וְהָי֥וּ | and they will be | Verb, Qal, sequential perfect third person common plural |
| תוֹצְאֹתָ֖יו | extremities its | Noun common feminine plural construct, suffix |
| חֲצַ֣ר | Hazar | Noun proper |
| עֵינָ֑ן | Enan | Noun proper |
| זֶֽה־ | this | Particle |
| יִהְיֶ֥ה | it will be | Verb, Qal, imperfect third person masculine singular |
| לָכֶ֖ם | of you | Preposition, suffix |
| גְּב֥וּל | border of | Noun common, masculine singular construct |
| צָפֽוֹן׃ | [the] north | Noun common, feminine singular absolute |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | continue to Ziphron, and end at Hazar-enan. This will be your boundary on the north. |
| KJV | ¶ And the border shall go on to Ziphron, and the goings out of it shall be at Hazar-enan: this shall be your north border. |
| ASV | and the border shall go forth to Ziphron, and the goings out thereof shall be at Hazar-enan: this shall be your north border. |
| YLT | and the border hath gone out to Ziphron, and its outgoings have been at Hazar-Enan; this is to you the north border. |
| WEB | Then the border shall go to Ziphron, and it shall end at Hazar Enan. This shall be your north border. |
| BBE | And the limit will go on to Ziphron, with its farthest point at Hazar-enan: this will be your limit on the north. |
The translations agree on the key terms used in this verse, particularly regarding the movement of the border and its significance.
The structure clearly delineates the action of the boundary and its defined endpoints, establishing a straightforward flow of information.


3 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Whedon & more — read them ›
clause
subjectזֶה
verbיָצָא
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
1 of 12 occurs nowhere else in the Old Testament — a word chosen on purpose.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Numbers 34:9
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Boundaries of the Promised Landgenerated
Numbers 34:9 describes the northern boundary of the Promised Land, which is a critical aspect of the Israelites' inheritance. This verse details the geographical markers that define their territory, emphasizing God's promise to give them a land flowing with milk and honey. The instructions given here are part of a larger section outlining the borders of the land they are to possess, which is significant for their identity as a nation.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ezekiel 47:17 | So the border will run from the Sea to Hazar-enan, along the northern border of Damascus, with the territory of Hamath to the north. This will be the northern boundary. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 1 reference, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — יָצָא, ve.ya.Tza'generated
The verb יָצָא (yatsa') means to go out or come forth. It is a common verb in Hebrew, appearing in various contexts, including physical departure and metaphorical emergence. The parsing indicates it is in the Qal stem, which is the simple active voice, and in the perfect tense, suggesting a completed action.
In this verse, it describes the action of the border moving outwards, establishing a clear demarcation for the territory. This word is foundational in conveying the idea of boundaries being set and signifies the importance of the defined limits for the people of Israel.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
In this study, the verse is read in the Berean Standard Bible, which uses continue for יָצָא.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The main verb יָצָא governs the verse, indicating the action of the border. The structure includes a noun phrase that specifies the subject (the border) and several phrases that describe the geographical limits.
The Hebrew word order places emphasis on the movement of the border, with the direction and endpoints clearly articulated, which is typical in legal and geographical texts.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates יָצָא as ἐχελεύσεται, which carries a similar meaning of going out or extending. This choice reflects a direct correspondence to the action of the boundary being set.
This translation shows a consistent understanding of the term's action in the context of defining territory.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Numbers 34:9 tells us that the northern boundary of the Promised Land extends to a place called Ziphron and ends at Hazar-enan. This verse clearly defines the limits of the territory that the Israelites are to possess.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
The boundaries are crucial for defining the territory that God promised to the Israelites, establishing their identity as a nation with a specific land.
Ziphron is significant as it marks one end of the northern border, indicating a specific geographical location that the Israelites are to recognize.
Hazar-enan means 'village of fountains,' indicating a place that is likely abundant in water, which would be important for settlement.
The boundaries are part of the larger narrative of the Israelites' journey to the Promised Land, emphasizing God's faithfulness in fulfilling His promises.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- How do the defined boundaries in this verse reflect God's promises to His people?
- In what ways can understanding the geographical context enhance our reading of the Scriptures?
- What does the significance of places like Ziphron and Hazar-enan reveal about God's provision?
- How can we apply the concept of boundaries in our own lives, particularly in terms of spiritual and moral limits?
Commentators on this verse — 3 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Numbers 34:9 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleAnd the border shall go on to Ziphron,.... Which in the Jerusalem Targum is called Zapherin; and Jerom (s) says, that in his time this city was called Zephyrium, a town in Cilicia; but this seems to
Read John Gill on Numbers 34 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryAnd the border shall go on to Ziphron, and the goings out of it shall be at Hazar-enan: this shall be your north border. Ziphron - sweet odour. Hazar-enan - village of fountains. But the places are unknown.
Read Robert Jamieson on Numbers 34 →
Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible7-9. Your north border — This cannot be accurately identified, since the whole topography is in a most unsatisfactory state as regards the comprehension of the original record and knowledge of the
Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Numbers 34 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
continue to Ziphron, and end at Hazar-enan. This will be your boundary on the north.
Then the border shall go to Ziphron, and it shall end at Hazar Enan. This shall be your north border.
continue to Ziphron, and end at Hazar-enan. This will be your boundary on the north.
The border will continue to Ziphron, and its direction will be to Hazar Enan. This will be your northern border.
Tyndale line
¶ And the border shall go on to Ziphron, and the goings out of it shall be at Hazar-enan: this shall be your north border.
and the border shall go forth to Ziphron, and the goings out thereof shall be at Hazar-enan: this shall be your north border.
and the border shall go forth to Ziphron, and the goings out thereof shall be at Hazar-enan: this shall be your north border.
And the border shall go on to Ziphron, and the limits of it shall be at Hazar-enan: this shall be your north border.
And the coast shall reach out to Ziphron, and goe out at Hazar-enan. this shalbe your Northquarter.
Strictly literal
and the border shall go to Ziphron, and shall end at Hazar-enan. This shall be your north border.
and the border hath gone out to Ziphron, and its outgoings have been at Hazar-Enan; this is to you the north border.
and the border has gone out to Ziphron, and its outgoings have been at Hazar-Enan; this is the north border to you.
And the border shall go on to Ziphron, and its terminating points shall be at Chazar'-enan: this shall be unto you the northern border.
Then the border will continue to Ziphron and end at Hazar Enan. This will be your northern border.
From the Latin
And the limits shall go as far as Zephrona, and the village of Enan. These shall be the borders on the north side.
Simplified
to Ziphron, ending at Hazar-enan. This will be your boundary to the north.
And the limit will go on to Ziphron, with its farthest point at Hazar-enan: this will be your limit on the north.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text is supported by the Septuagint, which matches 10 of the 12 words. The Samaritan Pentateuch differs in three words, indicating variations in the wording but not in the overall meaning. The Dead Sea Scrolls show some damage, but the essential content aligns with the Masoretic Text.
וְיָצָ֤א הַגְּבֻל֙ זִפְרֹ֔נָה וְהָי֥וּ תוֹצְאֹתָ֖יו חֲצַ֣ר עֵינָ֑ן זֶֽה־ יִהְיֶ֥ה לָכֶ֖ם גְּב֥וּל צָפֽוֹן׃
10 of the 12 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
ויצא הגבול זפרנה והיה תוצאיתו חצר עינן זה יהיה לכם גבול צפונה
3 words differ from the Masoretic Text: היה (be), תוצאיתו (end), צפונה (north)
[ויצא] [הגבול] [זפרונ׳ה] [והיו] [תוצאותי׳ו] [חצר] עינן זה [יהיה] [ל׳כמה] [גבול] [צפונ׳ה]
2 words on the leather — 10 supplied entire by an editor.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Numbers 34:9
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
יָצָא (yatsa') is a Hebrew verb meaning to go or come out, with various applications including departure, escape, and emergence. It can refer to both animate and inanimate subjects and emphasizes the idea of origin or source. The verb appears in different forms, such as Qal, Hiphil, and Hophal, indicating actions like leading out or being brought forth.
יָצָא 1068 vb. go or come out
Qal
go or come out or forth
from (מִן) a place
go forth from (the presence of) a person
in technical senses
of flight, involving escape
depart
of inanimate things
with especial emphasis on idea of origin, source
of children as going forth from loins (of father)
go forth to a place
go forward, proceed to or toward something
come or go forth, with esp. ref. to purpose or result
of combinations
Hiph.
cause to go or come out, bring out, lead out
fig. obj. persons, bring out of (מִן) distress, etc.
bring out animals
inanimate obj.
fig. subj. י׳, bring forth from (מִן)
Hoph. be brought forth
base
H3318 יָצָא go or come out .. go or come out or forth . from (מִן) a place
. go forth from (the presence of) a person
. in technical senses
. of flight, involving escape
. depart
. of inanimate things
. with especial emphasis on idea of origin, source
. of children as going forth from loins (of father)
. . go forth to a place
. go forward, proceed to or toward something
. come or go forth, with esp. ref. to purpose or result
. of combinations
. . cause to go or come out, bring out, lead out
. fig. obj. persons, bring out of (מִן) distress, etc.
. bring out animals
. inanimate obj.
. fig. subj. י׳, bring forth from (מִן)
. be brought forth
3318 yatsa' yaw-tsaw'
a primitive root; to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great
variety of applications, literally and figuratively, direct
and proxim.:--X after, appear, X assuredly, bear out, X
begotten, break out, bring forth (out, up), carry out, come
(abroad, out, thereat, without), + be condemned,
depart(-ing, -ure), draw forth, in the end, escape, exact,
fail, fall (out), fetch forth (out), get away (forth, hence,
out), (able to, cause to, let) go abroad (forth, on, out),
going out, grow, have forth (out), issue out, lay (lie) out,
lead out, pluck out, proceed, pull out, put away, be risen, X
scarce, send with commandment, shoot forth, spread, spring
out, stand out, X still, X surely, take forth (out), at any
time, X to (and fro), utter.
יָצָא (ya.tsa) — to come out: come.
: come/go_out/escape
1) to go out, come out, exit, go forth
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to go or come out or forth, depart
1a2) to go forth (to a place)
1a3) to go forward, proceed to (to or toward something)
1a4) to come or go forth (with purpose or for result)
1a5) to come out of
1b) (Hiphil)
1b1) to cause to go or come out, bring out, lead out
1b2) to bring out of
1b3) to lead out
1b4) to deliver
1c) (Hophal) to be brought out or forth
יָצָא (ya.tsa) — to come out: send.
: send/take_out/release
1) to go out, come out, exit, go forth
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to go or come out or forth, depart
1a2) to go forth (to a place)
1a3) to go forward, proceed to (to or toward something)
1a4) to come or go forth (with purpose or for result)
1a5) to come out of
1b) (Hiphil)
1b1) to cause to go or come out, bring out, lead out
1b2) to bring out of
1b3) to lead out
1b4) to deliver
Conj | V-Qal-3ms — Verb · Qal · sequential perfect third person masculine singularHc/Vqq3ms
גְּבוּל (gbuwl) refers to a border or boundary, often implying a defined territory. It can denote a physical limit, such as a coast or landmark, and can also have figurative uses, like a region of darkness. The word is derived from a root meaning 'cord' and encompasses various meanings related to boundaries and territories.
גְּבוּל 240 n.m. border, boundary, territory
border, boundary
territory (enclosed within boundary)
base
H1366 גְּבוּל border, boundary, territory
1366 gbuwl gheb-ool'
or (shortened) gbul {gheb-ool'}; from 1379; properly, a cord
(as twisted), i.e. (by implication) a boundary; by extens. the
territory inclosed:--border, bound, coast, X great, landmark,
limit, quarter, space.
see HEBREW for 01379
גְּבוּל (ge.vul) — border: boundary.
: boundary
1) border, territory
1a) border
1b) territory (enclosed within boundary)
1c) region, territory (of darkness) (fig.)
Also means: ge.vul (גְּבוּל ": area" H1366H)
גְּבוּל (ge.vul) — border: area.
: area
1) border, territory
1a) border
1b) territory (enclosed within boundary)
1c) region, territory (of darkness) (fig.)
N-ms — Particle · noun common masculine singular absoluteHTd/Ncmsa
זִפְרֹן (Ziphron) refers to a location mentioned in the Old Testament, specifically as a place on the northern boundary of Canaan in Numbers 34:9. The name is derived from an unused root meaning 'to be fragrant.' There are no significant disagreements among the lexicons regarding this term.
[זִפְרֹן] n.pr.loc. only Nu 34:9, place on northern boundary of Canaan
ref
H2202 זִפְרֹן
2202 Ziphron zi-frone'
from an unused root (meaning to be fragrant); Ziphron, a
place in Palestine:--Ziphron.
זִפְרֹן (ziph.ron) — Ziphron.
§ Ziphron = "fragrance"
a place on the north boundary of the promised land as specified by Moses
N-proper | Suff — Noun proper · suffixHNpl/Sd
The Hebrew word הָיָה (hayah) is a primitive root meaning to exist or become, and it encompasses a range of meanings including to happen, occur, and come to pass. It is often used in narrative contexts, particularly in phrases like "and it came to pass." The word can also denote a state of being or existence, and it appears frequently in various forms throughout the Old Testament.
הָיָה 3570 vb. fall out, come to pass, become, be
Qal
Fall out, happen
occur, take place, come about, come to pass
esp. & very oft., come about, come to pass
וַיְהִי and it came to pass that, most often (c. 292 t.)
rarely also Pf. c. וְ conj. וְהָיָה
less oft. וְהָיָה Pf. consec. and it shall come to pass, or frequentat. came to pass (repeatedly, etc.)
Come into being, become
abs., in lively narrative, arise, appear, come
sq. prep.
become
sq. pred. noun (to be viewed as implicit accus.)
sq. pred. adj.
become like
sq. pred. לְ pers.
sq. לְ pred.
oft. c. לְ pred. לְ pers.
with עַל and לְ
sts. c. לְ pers. only = became the property of, come into the possession of
Be (often with subbordinate idea of becoming)
exist, be in existence
abide, remain, continue
with word of locality, be in or at a place, be situated, stand, lie
as copula, joining subj. & pred.
H1961 הָיָה fall out, come to pass, become, be .. . . Fall out, happen
. occur, take place, come about, come to pass
. esp. & very oft., come about, come to pass . . וַיְהִי and it came to pass that, most often (c. 292 t.)
. rarely also Pf. c. וְ conj. וְהָיָה
. less oft. וְהָיָה Pf. consec. and it shall come to pass, or frequentat. came to pass (repeatedly, etc.)
. Come into being, become . . abs., in lively narrative, arise, appear, come
. sq. prep.
. become . sq. pred. noun (to be viewed as implicit accus.)
. sq. pred. adj.
. become like
. sq. pred. + לְ pers.
. sq. לְ pred.
. oft. c. לְ pred. + לְ pers.
. with עַל and לְ
. sts. c. לְ pers. only = became the property of, come into the possession of
. Be (often with subbordinate idea of becoming) . exist, be in existence
. abide, remain, continue
1961 hayah haw-yaw
a primitive root (compare 1933); to exist, i.e. be or become,
come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or
auxiliary):--beacon, X altogether, be(-come), accomplished,
committed, like), break, cause, come (to pass), do, faint,
fall, + follow, happen, X have, last, pertain, quit
(one-)self, require, X use.
see HEBREW for 01933
הָיָה (ha.yah) — to be.
1) to be, become, come to pass, exist, happen, fall out
1a) (Qal)
1a1) ---
1a1a) to happen, fall out, occur, take place, come about, come to pass
1a1b) to come about, come to pass
1a2) to come into being, become
1a2a) to arise, appear, come
1a2b) to become
1a2b1) to become
1a2b2) to become like
1a2b3) to be instituted, be established
1a3) to be
1a3a) to exist, be in existence
1a3b) to abide, remain, continue (with word of place or time)
1a3c) to stand, lie, be in, be at, be situated (with word of locality)
1a3d) to accompany, be with
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to occur, come to pass, be done, be brought about
1b2) to be done, be finished, be gone
Conj | V-Qal-3cp — Verb · Qal · sequential perfect third person common pluralHc/Vqq3cp
תּוֹצָאָה (towtsa'ah) refers to the concept of an outgoing or exit, often associated with geographical boundaries or figurative meanings like deliverance and source. It can denote extremities, borders, or even an escape from death. The word is derived from a root meaning 'to go out' and appears only in the plural form.
[תּוֹצָאָה] n.f. outgoing, extremity, source (?), escape
base
H8444 תּוֹצָאָה
8444 towtsa'ah to-tsaw-aw'
or totsaah {to-tsaw-aw'}; from 3318; (only in plural
collective) exit, i.e. (geographical) boundary, or
(figuratively) deliverance, (actively) source:--border(-s),
going(-s) forth (out), issues, outgoings.
see HEBREW for 03318
תּוֹצָאָה (to.tsa.ah) — outgoing.
1) outgoing, border, a going out, extremity, end, source, escape
1a) outgoing, extremity (of border)
1b) source (of life)
1c) escape (from death)
HNcfpc/Sp3ms — Noun common feminine plural construct · suffixHNcfpc/Sp3ms
חֲצַר עֵינוֹן (Chatsar `Eynan) refers to Hazar-enan, meaning 'village of springs.' It is a location mentioned as being on the northeast border of Canaan. The word is derived from roots meaning 'village' and 'fountain.' There is a note that it is the same as another name, חֲצַר עֵינָן (Chatsar e.non), indicating some interchangeability.
חֲצַר עֵינוֹן, ח׳ עֵינָן n.pr.loc. on NE. border of Canaan
base
H2704 חֲצַר עֵינוֹן, ח׳ עֵינָן
2704 Chatsar `Eynan khats-ar' ay-nawn'
from 2691 and the same as 5881; village of springs;
Chatsar-Enan, a place in Palestine:--Hazar-enan.
see HEBREW for 02691
see HEBREW for 05881
חֲצַר עֵינוֹן (cha.tsar e.nan) — Hazar-enan.
Hazar-enan = "village of fountains"
a city on the northeast border of Canaan; same as cha.tsar e.non (חֲצַר עֵינָן "Hazar-enan" H2703)
Also named: cha.tsar e.non (חֲצַר עֵינָן "Hazar-enan" H2703)
N-proper — Noun properHNpl
ha'-zar (chatsar, construct of chatser, "an enclosure," "settlement," or "village"): Is frequently the first element in Hebrew place-names.
1. Hazar-addar:
Hazar-addar (Hebrew chatsar 'addar), a place on the southern boundary of Judah (Nu 34:4), is probably identical with Hazron (Jos 15:3), which, in this case, however, is separated from Addar (the King James Version "Adar"). It seems to have lain somewhere to the Southwest of Kadesh-barnea.
חֲצַר עֵינוֹן (Chatsar `Eynan) refers to Hazar-enan, meaning 'village of springs.' It is a location mentioned as being on the northeast border of Canaan. The word is derived from roots meaning 'village' and 'fountain.' There is a note that it is the same as another name, חֲצַר עֵינָן (Chatsar e.non), indicating some interchangeability.
חֲצַר עֵינוֹן, ח׳ עֵינָן n.pr.loc. on NE. border of Canaan
base
H2704 חֲצַר עֵינוֹן, ח׳ עֵינָן
2704 Chatsar `Eynan khats-ar' ay-nawn'
from 2691 and the same as 5881; village of springs;
Chatsar-Enan, a place in Palestine:--Hazar-enan.
see HEBREW for 02691
see HEBREW for 05881
חֲצַר עֵינוֹן (cha.tsar e.nan) — Hazar-enan.
Hazar-enan = "village of fountains"
a city on the northeast border of Canaan; same as cha.tsar e.non (חֲצַר עֵינָן "Hazar-enan" H2703)
Also named: cha.tsar e.non (חֲצַר עֵינָן "Hazar-enan" H2703)
HNpl — Noun properHNpl
e'-nan (`enan, "having fountains," or "eyes," i.e. "keen-eyed"; in Septuagint Ainan):
The father of Ahira, and prince of Naphtali at the first census of Israel (Nu 1:15; 2:29; 7:78,83; 10:27).
(having eyes.). Ahira ben-Enan was "prince" of the tribe of Naphtali at the time of the numbering of Israel in the wilderness of Sinai. (Numbers 1:15) (B.C. 1491.)
cloud
→ A man of the tribe of Naphtali Nu 1:15; 2:29; 7:78,83; 10:27
זֶה (zeh) is a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'this' or 'here.' It can stand alone, be used appositively, or function as a predicate. The word can also attach enclitically to interrogative pronouns, adding emphasis and directness. In poetry, it may serve as a relative pronoun, though this usage is rare.
זֶה demonstr.pron. and adv.; fem. זֹאת, once זֹאתָה; this, here
standing alone
In appos. to subst.
More oft. as pred.
It is attached enclitically, almost as an adv., to certain words, esp. interrog. pronouns, to impart, in a manner often not reproducible in Engl. idiom, directness and force, bringing the question or statement made into close relation with the speaker.
In poetry, as a relative pron. (rare)
With prefixes (in special senses)
base
H2088 זֶה demonstr. pron. and adv.; fem. זֹאת, once זֹאתָה; this, here . standing alone
. In appos. to subst.
. More oft. as pred.
. It is attached enclitically, almost as an adv., to certain words, esp. interrog. pronouns, to impart, in a manner often not reproducible in Engl. idiom, directness and force, bringing the question or statement made into close relation with the speaker.
. In poetry, as a relative pron. (rare)
. With prefixes (in special senses)
2088 zeh zeh
a primitive word; the masculine demonstrative pronoun, this
or that:--he, X hence, X here, it(-self), X now, X of him, the
one...the other, X than the other, (X out of) the (self) same,
such (a one) that, these, this (hath, man), on this side...on
that side, X thus, very, which. Compare 2063, 2090, 2097,
2098.
see HEBREW for 02063
see HEBREW for 02090
see HEBREW for 02097
see HEBREW for 02098
זֶה (zeh) — this.
1) this, this one, here, which, this...that, the one...the other, another, such
1a) (alone)
1a1) this one
1a2) this...that, the one...the other, another
1b) (appos to subst)
1b1) this
1c) (as predicate)
1c1) this, such
1d) (enclitically)
1d1) then
1d2) who, whom
1d3) how now, what now
1d4) what now
1d5) wherefore now
1d6) behold here
1d7) just now
1d8) now, now already
1e) (poetry)
1e1) wherein, which, those who
1f) (with prefixes)
1f1) in this (place) here, then
1f2) on these conditions, herewith, thus provided, by, through this, for this cause, in this matter
1f3) thus and thus
1f4) as follows, things such as these, accordingly, to that effect, in like manner, thus and thus
1f5) from here, hence, on one side...on the other side
1f6) on this account
1f7) in spite of this, which, whence, how
Pron — ParticleHTm
The Hebrew word הָיָה (hayah) is a primitive root meaning to exist or become, and it encompasses a range of meanings including to happen, occur, and come to pass. It is often used in narrative contexts, particularly in phrases like "and it came to pass." The word can also denote a state of being or existence, and it appears frequently in various forms throughout the Old Testament.
הָיָה 3570 vb. fall out, come to pass, become, be
Qal
Fall out, happen
occur, take place, come about, come to pass
esp. & very oft., come about, come to pass
וַיְהִי and it came to pass that, most often (c. 292 t.)
rarely also Pf. c. וְ conj. וְהָיָה
less oft. וְהָיָה Pf. consec. and it shall come to pass, or frequentat. came to pass (repeatedly, etc.)
Come into being, become
abs., in lively narrative, arise, appear, come
sq. prep.
become
sq. pred. noun (to be viewed as implicit accus.)
sq. pred. adj.
become like
sq. pred. לְ pers.
sq. לְ pred.
oft. c. לְ pred. לְ pers.
with עַל and לְ
sts. c. לְ pers. only = became the property of, come into the possession of
Be (often with subbordinate idea of becoming)
exist, be in existence
abide, remain, continue
with word of locality, be in or at a place, be situated, stand, lie
as copula, joining subj. & pred.
H1961 הָיָה fall out, come to pass, become, be .. . . Fall out, happen
. occur, take place, come about, come to pass
. esp. & very oft., come about, come to pass . . וַיְהִי and it came to pass that, most often (c. 292 t.)
. rarely also Pf. c. וְ conj. וְהָיָה
. less oft. וְהָיָה Pf. consec. and it shall come to pass, or frequentat. came to pass (repeatedly, etc.)
. Come into being, become . . abs., in lively narrative, arise, appear, come
. sq. prep.
. become . sq. pred. noun (to be viewed as implicit accus.)
. sq. pred. adj.
. become like
. sq. pred. + לְ pers.
. sq. לְ pred.
. oft. c. לְ pred. + לְ pers.
. with עַל and לְ
. sts. c. לְ pers. only = became the property of, come into the possession of
. Be (often with subbordinate idea of becoming) . exist, be in existence
. abide, remain, continue
1961 hayah haw-yaw
a primitive root (compare 1933); to exist, i.e. be or become,
come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or
auxiliary):--beacon, X altogether, be(-come), accomplished,
committed, like), break, cause, come (to pass), do, faint,
fall, + follow, happen, X have, last, pertain, quit
(one-)self, require, X use.
see HEBREW for 01933
הָיָה (ha.yah) — to be.
1) to be, become, come to pass, exist, happen, fall out
1a) (Qal)
1a1) ---
1a1a) to happen, fall out, occur, take place, come about, come to pass
1a1b) to come about, come to pass
1a2) to come into being, become
1a2a) to arise, appear, come
1a2b) to become
1a2b1) to become
1a2b2) to become like
1a2b3) to be instituted, be established
1a3) to be
1a3a) to exist, be in existence
1a3b) to abide, remain, continue (with word of place or time)
1a3c) to stand, lie, be in, be at, be situated (with word of locality)
1a3d) to accompany, be with
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to occur, come to pass, be done, be brought about
1b2) to be done, be finished, be gone
V-Qal-Imperf-3ms — Verb · Qal · imperfect third person masculine singularHVqi3ms
כֶם (khem) — you.
Personal object pronoun - suffix for propositions and verbs without an object: 2nd person masculine plural
HRd/Sp2mp — Preposition · suffixHRd/Sp2mp
גְּבוּל (gbuwl) refers to a border or boundary, often implying a defined territory. It can denote a physical limit, such as a coast or landmark, and can also have figurative uses, like a region of darkness. The word is derived from a root meaning 'cord' and encompasses various meanings related to boundaries and territories.
גְּבוּל 240 n.m. border, boundary, territory
border, boundary
territory (enclosed within boundary)
base
H1366 גְּבוּל border, boundary, territory
1366 gbuwl gheb-ool'
or (shortened) gbul {gheb-ool'}; from 1379; properly, a cord
(as twisted), i.e. (by implication) a boundary; by extens. the
territory inclosed:--border, bound, coast, X great, landmark,
limit, quarter, space.
see HEBREW for 01379
גְּבוּל (ge.vul) — border: boundary.
: boundary
1) border, territory
1a) border
1b) territory (enclosed within boundary)
1c) region, territory (of darkness) (fig.)
Also means: ge.vul (גְּבוּל ": area" H1366H)
גְּבוּל (ge.vul) — border: area.
: area
1) border, territory
1a) border
1b) territory (enclosed within boundary)
1c) region, territory (of darkness) (fig.)
HNcmsc — Noun common · masculine singular constructHNcmsc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
צָפוֹן (tsaphown) means 'north' and is derived from a root meaning 'hidden' or 'dark.' It is used specifically to refer to the northern direction, often associated with gloominess and the unknown. The term also appears in the context of a name, 'Zaphon,' which similarly denotes the north.
צָפוֹן 153 n.f. north (as the hidden, dark)
base
H6828 צָפוֹן north
6828 tsaphown tsaw-fone'
or tsaphon {tsaw-fone'}; from 6845; properly, hidden, i.e.
dark; used only of the north as a quarter (gloomy and
unknown):--north(-ern, side, -ward, wind).
see HEBREW for 06845
צָפוֹן (tsa.phon) — north.
1) north (of direction), northward
1a) north
1b) northward
צָפוֹן (tsa.phon) — Zaphon.
This name means north
Also named: tsa.phon (צָפוֹן "Zaphon" H6829)
N-fs — Noun common · feminine singular absoluteHNcfsa
See EAST. The Babylonians and Assyrians are represented as coming from "the north," because they invaded Israel by a northern route in order to avoid the desert, Jer 1:14 46:6,24 Zep 2:13. "Fair weather," says Job, or golden weather, "cometh out of the north," Job 37:22. This is as true in Syria and Arabia now as it was three thousand years ago. A traveler there remarks, "Our friends, who have been long residents, informed us that we should have fair weather for our start on the morrow, as the wind was from the north."
"... And so we have found it come to pass that the clouds of a golden hue always followed upon a north wind, and indicated a clear day; and as in the times of the Savior, we could always say when it was evening…
