Menu

Jeremiah 47:7 — Word Study

Depth

WLCאֵ֣יךְ תִּשְׁקֹ֔טִי וַֽיהוָ֖ה צִוָּה־ לָ֑הּ אֶֽל־ אַשְׁקְל֛וֹן וְאֶל־ ח֥וֹף הַיָּ֖ם שָׁ֥ם יְעָדָֽהּ׃ ס

BSAHowʼêyk [in what way, to what extent] can it restshâqaṭ [be quiet, cease from action] when the LORDYᵉhôvâh [Yehovah, the covenant God] has commandedtsâvâh [given a charge, appointed] He has appointed ityâʻad [assigned, designated] againstʼêl AshkelonʼAshqᵉlôwn [a major Philistine city] and the shorechôwph [coast, seashore] of its coastlandyâm [territory, region]

Word
Listen & take awayJeremiah 47
English ↓ Download MP3 The Berean Standard Bible chapter audio already hosted for the site's Bible section — verse 7 is in this chapter.
Hebrew ↓ Download MP3 The Masoretic text of this chapter, read aloud. Read by Abraham Shmuelof, courtesy of Audio Scriptures International. Chapter divisions by the Academy of Ancient Languages..
Say the word Each Hebrew word carries its transliteration (ye.'a.Dah) — no per-word recordings of the Hebrew exist to link to.
Take it away
Jeremiah 47:7quick helps
In a sentenceThe verse questions how something can be at rest when God has given it a command.
Who is speakingThe speaker is addressing the sword of the LORD, personifying it as if it could rest.
Where we areThis verse is part of a prophecy against the Philistines, specifically addressing Ashkelon.
The hard wordתִּשְׁקֹ֔טִי
Take awayThe command of God necessitates action; there is no room for inaction.
8 commentators on this verse Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them › clause subjectיהוה verbשָׁקַט The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
How rare are these words?in the Old Testament

Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.

Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.

Deep Study — Jeremiah 47:7

Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.

Context — A Prophecy Against the Philistinesgenerated

4For the day has come to destroy all the Philistines, to cut off from Tyre and Sidon every remaining ally. Indeed, the LORD is about to destroy the Philistines, the remnant from the coasts of Caphtor.
5The people of Gaza will shave their heads in mourning; Ashkelon will be silenced. O remnant of their valley, how long will you gash yourself?
6‘Alas, O sword of the LORD, how long until you rest? Return to your sheath; cease and be still!’
7How can it rest when the LORD has commanded it? He has appointed it against Ashkelon and the shore of its coastland.”

Jeremiah 47:7 is part of a prophecy directed at the Philistines, foretelling their destruction. The surrounding verses describe the impending judgment upon them, emphasizing the urgency of the situation. The speaker, likely a prophet, conveys the seriousness of the command from the LORD regarding Ashkelon and the coast, illustrating the inevitability of the outcome.


Cross References

ReferenceText (BSB)
11 Samuel 15:3Now go and attack the Amalekites and devote to destruction all that belongs to them. Do not spare them, but put to death men and women, children and infants, oxen and sheep, camels and donkeys.’”
2Isaiah 10:6I will send him against a godless nation; I will dispatch him against a people destined for My rage, to take spoils and seize plunder, and to trample them down like clay in the streets.
3Isaiah 13:3I have commanded My sanctified ones; I have even summoned My warriors to execute My wrath and exult in My triumph.
4Isaiah 37:26Have you not heard? Long ago I ordained it; in days of old I planned it. Now I have brought it to pass, that you should crush fortified cities into piles of rubble.
5Isaiah 45:1–3This is what the LORD says to Cyrus His anointed, whose right hand I have grasped to subdue nations before him, to disarm kings, to open the doors before him, so that the gates will not be shut:

The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 11 references, hung on the phrase they belong to

hath heMicah 6:9

The Key Word תִּשְׁקֹ֔טִי, tish.Ko.tigenerated

The verb שָׁקַט (*shaqat*) means to be quiet or inactive. In this verse, it is in the imperfect tense, second person feminine singular, indicating a direct address to the sword of the LORD, asking how it can be inactive.

This word encompasses a sense of tranquility and inactivity, suggesting that the sword, as a personified entity, cannot rest when it has been commanded to act. The context implies a divine imperative that overrides any notion of stillness.


How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated

This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.


Sentence Structuregenerated

The verse consists of two main clauses: the first asks a rhetorical question about the sword's ability to rest, while the second states the LORD's command. The structure emphasizes the contrast between the expectation of rest and the reality of divine command.

The Hebrew word order places the interrogative word אֵ֣יךְ at the beginning, highlighting the speaker's astonishment at the idea of inactivity in the face of God's command.


Septuagint Backgroundgenerated

The Septuagint translates תִּשְׁקֹ֔טִי as ἡσυξάσει, which also means to be quiet or to rest. This choice suggests a focus on the cessation of action, aligning with the Hebrew meaning but possibly emphasizing a more passive state.

The use of ἐνετείλατο for צִוָּה indicates a strong command, reinforcing the idea that the sword must act according to the LORD's directive.


In plain words — the whole versegenerated

Jeremiah 47:7 questions how the sword of the LORD can be at rest when it has been commanded to act against Ashkelon and the coast. This verse highlights the urgency of God's command and the expectation of action in response.


Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated

What does it mean that the sword cannot rest?

It signifies that the sword, representing God's judgment, is compelled to act according to His command, indicating the seriousness of the situation.

Why is Ashkelon specifically mentioned?

Ashkelon is highlighted as a significant Philistine city that is to face destruction as part of God's judgment against the Philistines.

What does the LORD's command imply?

The command implies that God's will is decisive and must be executed, leaving no room for inaction or delay.

How does this verse relate to the surrounding context?

This verse fits within a broader prophecy about the destruction of the Philistines, emphasizing the inevitability of God's judgment.


Reflection Questionsgenerated

  1. What does this verse teach us about the nature of God's commands?
  2. How can we apply the urgency of God's directives in our own lives?
  3. In what ways do we sometimes resist acting on what we know God has commanded?
  4. How does understanding the context of this prophecy enhance our interpretation of the verse?

Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse

Each of these wrote on Jeremiah 47:7 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.

John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

How can it be quiet,.... There is no reason to believe it will, nor can it be expected that it should; to stop it is impossible, and to request that it might be stopped is in vain: seeing the Lord

Read John Gill on Jeremiah 47 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary

How can it be quiet, seeing the LORD hath given it a charge against Ashkelon, and against the sea shore? there hath he appointed it. How can it be quiet?

Read Robert Jamieson on Jeremiah 47 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy Bible

Some make the words of the 6th verse to be the words of the Philistines in their mourning and cutting themselves, crying to God to stop the sword drawn against them, and to return it again into its scabbard: others make them the words of the prophet, lamenting the havoc which he by the eye of the prophecy saw was like to be made amongst the Philistines by the Chaldeans (for good men are affected with the miseries even of the worst of men). The latter verse must be expounded according to the former; for if the words of the former verse be understood as the words of the Philistines, those of this verse must be understood as the words of the prophet putting them out of hopes of the sword’ s…

Read Matthew Poole on Jeremiah 47 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

Jeremiah 47:7 How can it be quiet, seeing the LORD hath given it a charge against Ashkelon, and against the sea shore? there hath he appointed it.Ver. 7. How can it be quiet?] Heb., How shalt thou be quiet? Here the prophet quieteth himself howsoever by a humble submission to his holy will, who had put the sword in commission. God’ s will is the rule of right, neither can force or entreaty prevail aught against it in this world, much less in the world to come, where each one must hold him to his doom, which is irreversible.

Read John Trapp on Jeremiah 47 →
Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(7) Against the sea shore.—In the “sea shore,” as in Ezekiel 25:16, we have the term specially appropriate to the territory of the Philistines.

Read Charles John Ellicott on Jeremiah 47 →
AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible

Verse 7. How can it be quiet] This is the answer of the Sword. I am the officer of God's judgments, and he has given me a commission against Ashkelon, and against the sea shore; all the coast where the Philistines have their territories. The measure of their iniquities is full; and these God hath appointed this sword to ravage. The Philistines were ever the implacable enemies of the Jews, and the basest and worst of all idolaters. On these accounts the sword of the Lord had its commission against them; and it did its office most fearfully and effectually by the hand of the Chaldeans.

Read AdamClarke on Jeremiah 47 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

7. How canst thou] rather, with LXX, Syr., Vulg. How can it.… So correct “thee” by mg. it, the sea shore, the Philistine and Phoenician coast.

Read Cambridge on Jeremiah 47 →
Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible

7. How can it, etc. — A reply to the question asked in Jeremiah 47:6. Jehovah hath given “the sword” a commission, and it cannot be quiet until the commission be fulfilled. Sea shore — A suitable designation of Philistia.

Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Jeremiah 47 →

The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company

Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.

Modern formal

BSBBerean Standard Bible2020

How can it rest when the LORD has commanded it? He has appointed it against Ashkelon and the shore of its coastland.”

WEBWorld English Bible2000

“How can you be quiet, since Yahweh has given you a command? Against Ashkelon, and against the seashore, there he has appointed it.”

MSBMajority Standard Bible2022

How can it rest when the LORD has commanded it? He has appointed it against Ashkelon and the shore of its coastland.”

NETBNew English Translation2006

But how can it rest when I, the Lord, have given it orders? I have ordered it to attack the people of Ashkelon and the seacoast.

Tyndale line

KJVKing James Version1611

How can it be quiet, seeing the LORD hath given it a charge against Ashkelon, and against the sea shore? there hath he appointed it.

ASVAmerican Standard Version1901

How canst thou be quiet, seeing Jehovah hath given thee a charge? Against Ashkelon, and against the sea-shore, there hath he appointed it.

RVARevised Version, American1894

How canst thou be quiet, seeing the LORD hath given thee a charge? against Ashkelon, and against the sea shore, there hath he appointed it.

NWBWebster's Bible1833

How can it be quiet, seeing the LORD hath given it a charge against Ashkelon, and against the sea shore? there hath he appointed it.

GNVGeneva Bible1599

Howe can it cease, seeing the Lord hath giuen it a charge against Ashkelon, and against the sea banke? euen there hath he appointed it.

Strictly literal

DBYDarby Translation1890

How shouldest thou be quiet? — For Jehovah hath given it a charge: against Ashkelon, and against the sea shore, there hath he appointed it.

YLTYoung's Literal Translation1862

How shall it be quiet, And Jehovah hath given a charge to it, Against Ashkelon, and against the sea shore? There hath He appointed it!'

LSVLiteral Standard Version2020

How will it be quiet, || And YHWH has given a charge to it, || Against Ashkelon and against the seashore? He has appointed it there!”

ILTInterlinear Literal Translation2000

Yet how canst thou be quiet? When the Lord hath given it a charge, against Ashkelon, and against the sea-coast—thither hath he destined it.

ULBUnlocked Literal Bible2017

How can it rest when Yahweh has commanded it, when he has ordered it to attack Ashkelon and the coastlands along the sea?”

From the Latin

DRADouay-Rheims (Challoner)1899

How shall it be quiet, when the Lord hath given it a charge against Ascalon, and against the countries thereof by the sea side, and there hath made an appointment for it?

Simplified

FBVFree Bible Version2020

But how can the sword stop killing when the Lord has given it orders to attack Ashkelon and its coastlands?

BBEBible in Basic English1949

How is it possible for it to be quiet, seeing that the Lord has given it orders? against Ashkelon and against the sea-land he has given it directions.

Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.


The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank

This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.

clauseadverbialאֵ֣יךְhow?verbתִּשְׁקֹ֔טִיwill.you.be.inactiveוַֽandclausesubjectיהוָ֖הYahwehverbצִוָּהhe.has.commandedprepositional phrase · prepositionalלָ֑(to)הּitclauseprepositional phrase · prepositionalprepositional phraseאֶֽלagainstאַשְׁקְל֛וֹןAshkelonוְandprepositional phraseאֶלagainstnoun phraseח֥וֹףthe.coastnoun phraseהַofיָּ֖םthe.seaadverbialשָׁ֥םthereverbיְעָדָֽheobjectהּhas.appointed.it

Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.


The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran

The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint agree on the majority of the wording, with only minor differences in structure. The Dead Sea Scrolls contain partial restorations, but the essential message remains consistent across all witnesses.

Masoretic TextLeningrad Codex, c. AD 1008 — the text this page is built on

אֵ֣יךְ תִּשְׁקֹ֔טִי וַֽיהוָ֖ה צִוָּה־ לָ֑הּ אֶֽל־ אַשְׁקְל֛וֹן וְאֶל־ ח֥וֹף הַיָּ֖ם שָׁ֥ם יְעָדָֽהּ׃ ס

Septuagintthe Greek the translators chose, word by word
אֵ֣יךְπῶςתִּשְׁקֹ֔טִיἡσυξάσειוַֽיהוָ֖הκύριοςצִוָּה־ἐνετείλατοלָ֑הּαὐτῇאֶֽל־ἐπὶאַשְׁקְל֛וֹןἀσκαλῶναוְאֶל־ἐπὶהַיָּ֖םτὰςיְעָדָֽהּ׃ סἐπεγερθῆναι

10 of the 12 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.

Dead Sea Scrolls — 2Q13a copy a thousand years older than the Leningrad Codex

איך תשקוטי [ויהוה] [צוה] [ל׳ה] [אל] [אשקלון] [ואל] [חוף] [הים] שמ׳ה יעד׳ה

2 words on the leather — 2 partly restored, 8 supplied entire by an editor.

Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.


The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with

This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.

Jeremiah 47:7אֵיךְhow?how?אֵיךְשָׁקַטwill you bewill you be inaשָׁקַטיהוהand Yahwehand Yahwehיהוהצָוָהhe has commhe has commandeצָוָההָititהָאֶלagainstagainstאֶלאַשְׁקְלוֹןAshkelonAshkelonאַשְׁקְלוֹןאֶלand againstand againstאֶלחוֹף[the] coast[the] coast ofחוֹףיָםthe seathe seaיָםשָׁםtherethereשָׁםיָעַדhe has appohe has appointeיָעַדאַיwhere?where?אַיהָיָהto beto beהָיָהשָׁקַלto weighto weighשָׁקַלאֲשֶׁרwhichwhichאֲשֶׁרפָּלַלto prayto prayפָּלַליִרְמְיָ֫הJeremiahJeremiahיִרְמְיָ֫השַׁמָּהhorror: dehorror: destroyשַׁמָּהשָׁאַןto restto restשָׁאַןבֶּ֫טַחsecuritysecurityבֶּ֫טַחנְאֻםutteranceutteranceנְאֻםצָבָאarmyarmyצָבָאמֹשֶׁהMosesMosesמֹשֶׁהמִצְוָהcommandmencommandmentמִצְוָהעַזָּהGazaGazaעַזָּהאַשְׁדּוֹדAshdodAshdodאַשְׁדּוֹדשְׁפֵלָהShephelahShephelahשְׁפֵלָהאֳנִיָּהfleetfleetאֳנִיָּהסוּףreedreedסוּף
meets it a little oftener than chancemeets it far oftener than chancebuilt from the same roottwo words of the verse share ita word of this versea related word

Lexicons — every word in Jeremiah 47:7

One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.

Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.

how? will you be inactive and Yahweh he has commanded it against Ashkelon and against [the] coast of the sea there he has appointed it
אֵ֣יךְ'eikh how? H349 Particle
82× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the Bible, this word means 'how' or 'where', like in Genesis when God asks Adam 'where are you'. It's also used to express surprise or excitement.
Amplified meaning
in what way, to what extent
Tyndale gloss
how?
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אֵיךְ (*'eyk*) and its variants express the concept of 'how?' in various contexts, functioning as both interrogative and exclamatory forms. The entries indicate that it can also imply 'where' and is used in expressions of lamentation or satisfaction. The word appears in different spellings, reflecting its usage in the Old Testament.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אֵיךְ 69 adv.

interrog. How?

as an exclam. How!

base

אֵיכָה adv.

interrog. In what manner?

exclam. How!

Where?

base

אֵיכָ֫כָה (Ct) אֵֽיכָכָ֫ה (Est) How?

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H349a אֵיךְ . interrog. How?

. as an exclam. How!

H349b אֵיכָה . interrog. In what manner?

. as an exclam. How!

H349c אֵיכָ֫כָה (Ct) אֵֽיכָכָ֫ה (Est) How?

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

349 'eyk ake

also eykah {ay-kaw'}; and teykakah {ay-kaw'-kah}; prolonged

from 335; how? or how!; also where:--how, what.

see HEBREW for 0335

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אֵיךְ (ekh) — how?.

interrog adv

how?

אֵיכָה (e.khah) — how?.

interrog adv

1) how?

interj

2) how! (in lamentation)

3) expression of satisfaction

אֵיכָ֫כָה (e.kha.khah) — how?.

how?

Another spelling of ekh (אֵיךְ "how?" H0349A)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Part — Particle
HTi
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

Represents various Hebrew and Greek words, interrogative, interjectional and relative. Its different uses refer to

(1) the manner or way, e.g. Ge 44:34, "How shall I go up to my father?" ('ekh); Mt 6:28, "how they grow" (pos); 1Co 15:35, "How are the dead raised?";

(2) degree, extent, frequently, "how great" (Da 4:3, mah; Mr 5:19, hosos, "how much"); "how many" (Mt 27:13, posos); "how much" (Ac 9:13, hosos); "how much more" (Mt 7:11, posos;

how? will you be inactive and Yahweh he has commanded it against Ashkelon and against [the] coast of the sea there he has appointed it
תִּשְׁקֹ֔טִיtish.Ko.ti will you be inactive H8252 Verb · Qal · imperfect second person feminine singular
41× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
To quiet or be at peace is what this Hebrew word means, like the stillness after a storm, as described in Psalm 107:30.
Amplified meaning
be quiet, cease from action
Tyndale gloss
to quiet
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

שָׁקַט (shaqat) is a Hebrew verb meaning to be quiet or undisturbed. It encompasses a range of meanings including tranquility, inactivity, and rest, and can refer to both people and land. The Hiphil form indicates causing quietness or showing quietness. There are no significant disagreements among the lexicons regarding its meanings.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

שָׁקַט vb. be quiet, undisturbed

Qal be quiet, undisturbed

of land, at peace

be quiet, inactive

Hiph.

shew quietness (inner causat.), of men

cause quietness

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H8252 שָׁקַט be quiet, undisturbed .be quiet, undisturbed . of land, at peace

. be quiet, inactive

. . shew quietness (inner causat.), of men

. cause quietness

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

8252 shaqat shaw-kat'

a primitive root; to repose (usually figurative):--appease,

idleness, (at, be at, be in, give) quiet(-ness), (be at, be

in, give, have, take) rest, settle, be still.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

שָׁקַט (sha.qat) — to quiet.

1) to be quiet, be tranquil, be at peace, be quiet, rest, lie still, be undisturbed

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to be quiet, be undisturbed

1a1a) to be at peace (of land)

1a2) to be quiet, be inactive

1b) (Hiphil)

1b1) to show quietness

1b1a) quietness, display of quietness (subst)

1b2) to quiet, be quiet

1b3) to cause quietness, pacify, allay

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal-Imperf-2fs — Verb · Qal · imperfect second person feminine singular
HVqi2fs
how? will you be inactive and Yahweh he has commanded it against Ashkelon and against [the] coast of the sea there he has appointed it
וַֽיהוָ֖הva.Yah.weh and Yahweh H3068 Conjunction · noun proper
6,528× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Yehovah is another name for God, often translated as 'the Lord'. It is a national name for God in the Jewish faith. This name is used throughout the Old Testament.
Amplified meaning
Yehovah, the covenant God
Tyndale gloss
The Lord
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

יְהֹוָה (ye.ho.vah) is the proper name of the God of Israel, often rendered as Jehovah or the Lord. It signifies the self-existent or eternal nature of God. The name is closely associated with the revelation to Moses in Exodus 3:12-15 and is used in conjunction with other terms to denote sacred places. Some scholars suggest it derives from a root meaning 'to bring into being.'

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

יהוה c. 6823 i.e. יַהְוֶה n.pr.dei Yahweh, the proper name of the God of Israel—(1. MT יְהֹוָה 6518 (Qr אֲדֹנָי), or יֱהֹוִה 305 (Qr אֱלֹהִים) 2. Many recent scholars explain יַהְוֶה as Hiph. of הוה (= היה) the one bringing into being, life-giver)

יהוה is not used by E in Gn, but is given Ex 3:12-15 as the name of the God who revealed Himself to Moses at Horeb

יהוה is used with אלהים and suffixes, especially in D

the phrase † אֲנִי יהוה is noteworthy

יהוה is also used with several predicates, to form sacred names of holy places of Yahweh

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3068 יהוה i.e. יַהְוֶה n. pr. dei Yahweh, the proper name of the God of Israel

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3068 Yhovah yeh-ho-vaw'

from 1961; (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jehovah, Jewish

national name of God:--Jehovah, the Lord. Compare 3050, 3069.

see HEBREW for 01961

see HEBREW for 03050

see HEBREW for 03069

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

יְהֹוָה (ye.ho.vah) — LORD.

Jehovah = "the existing One"

1) the proper name of the one true God

1a) unpronounced except with the vowel pointings of a.do.na (אֲדֹנָי "Lord" H0136)

יְהֹוָה (ye.ho.vah) — The Lord.

Another name of ye.ru.sha.laim (יְרוּשָׁלִַ֫ם, יְרוּשְׁלֵם "Jerusalem" H3389)

יְהֹוָה (ye.ho.vah) — (Jerusalem of) the Lord.

Combined with ye.ru.sha.laim (יְרוּשָׁלִַ֫ם, יְרוּשְׁלֵם "Jerusalem" H3389)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | N-proper — Conjunction · noun proper
HC/Npt
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
how? will you be inactive and Yahweh he has commanded it against Ashkelon and against [the] coast of the sea there he has appointed it
צִוָּה־tzi.vah- he has commanded H6680 Verb · Piel · perfect third person masculine singular
494× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
To command or give orders, as seen in the Bible when God gives charge to his people. It can also mean to appoint or ordain someone for a task. This word is used in various forms throughout the Old Testament.
Amplified meaning
given a charge, appointed
Tyndale gloss
to command
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

צָוָה (tsavah) is a Hebrew verb meaning to command or give orders. It is built from a primitive root and primarily used in the Piel form, indicating actions like appointing or charging someone with a task. The entries highlight its various applications, including laying charges and sending messengers. There are no noted disagreements among the lexicons.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[צָוָה] 485 vb. Pi. lay charge (upon), give charge (to), charge, command, order

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H6680 צָוָה Pi. lay charge (upon), give charge (to), charge, command, order

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

6680 tsavah tsaw-vaw'

a primitive root; (intensively) to constitute,

enjoin:--appoint, (for-)bid, (give a) charge, (give a, give

in, send with) command(-er, -ment), send a messenger, put,

(set) in order.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

צָוָה (tsa.vah) — to command.

1) to command, charge, give orders, lay charge, give charge to, order

1a)(Piel)

1a1) to lay charge upon

1a2) to give charge to, give command to

1a3) to give charge unto

1a4) to give charge over, appoint

1a5) to give charge, command

1a6) to charge, command

1a7) to charge, commission

1a8) to command, appoint, ordain (of divine act)

1b) (Pual) to be commanded

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Piel-Perf-3ms — Verb · Piel · perfect third person masculine singular
HVpp3ms
how? will you be inactive and Yahweh he has commanded it against Ashkelon and against [the] coast of the sea there he has appointed it
לָ֑הּLah it H9034 Preposition · suffix
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

הָ (ha) — her.

Personal object pronoun - suffix for propositions and verbs without an object: 3rd person feminine singular

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HRd/Sp3fs — Preposition · suffix
HRd/Sp3fs
how? will you be inactive and Yahweh he has commanded it against Ashkelon and against [the] coast of the sea there he has appointed it
אֶֽל־'el- against H413 Preposition
5,518× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means 'to' or 'toward', showing direction or movement. It appears in many books, including Genesis and Exodus, to indicate where someone is going. The KJV translates it in various ways, like 'about', 'according to', or 'against'.
Tyndale gloss
to(wards)
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word אֶל (el) is primarily a preposition indicating motion towards or direction to a person or place. It can also imply entering a limit, presence at a location, or a hostile direction (against). Additionally, it may express concepts such as concerning, in addition to, or according to. The entries highlight its versatility in both physical and metaphorical contexts.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אֶל (nearly always followed by Makkeph),

prep. denoting motion to or direction towards (whether physical or mental).of motion to or unto a person or place

Where the limit is actually entered, into

Of direction towards anything

Where the motion or direction implied appears from the context to be of a hostile character, אֶל = against

Unto sometimes acquires from the context the sense of in addition to

Metaph. in regard to, concerning, on account of

Of rule or standard according to (rare)

Expressing presence at a spot, against, at, by, not merely after verbs implying motion

Prefixed to other preps. it combines with them the idea of motion or direction to

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H413 אֶל (nearly always followed by Makkeph), . of motion to or unto a person or place

. Where the limit is actually entered, into

. Of direction towards anything

. Where the motion or direction implied appears from the context to be of a hostile character, אֶל = against

. Unto sometimes acquires from the context the sense of in addition to

. Metaph. in regard to, concerning, on account of

. Of rule or standard according to (rare)

. Expressing presence at a spot, against, at, by, not merely after verbs implying motion

. Prefixed to other preps. it combines with them the idea of motion or direction to

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

413 'el ale

(but only used in the shortened constructive form sel {el});

a primitive particle; properly, denoting motion towards, but

occasionally used of a quiescent position, i.e. near, with or

among; often in general, to:--about, according to ,after,

against, among, as for, at, because(-fore, -side), both...and,

by, concerning, for, from, X hath, in(- to), near, (out) of,

over, through, to(-ward), under, unto, upon, whether,

with(-in).

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אֶל (el) — to(wards).

1) to, toward, unto (of motion)

2) into (limit is actually entered)

2a) in among

3) toward (of direction, not necessarily physical motion)

4) against (motion or direction of a hostile character)

5) in addition to, to

6) concerning, in regard to, in reference to, on account of

7) according to (rule or standard)

8) at, by, against (of one's presence)

9) in between, in within, to within, unto (idea of motion to)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep — Preposition
HR
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

a-genst' (kata; enantion; pros): Preposition expressing contrast. When used of direction, equivalent to "toward" (Mt 10:35; 12:14, etc.); when of position, meaning "opposite," "facing," "in front of" (1Ki 7:5; Ge 15:10, Ro 8:31); when of action, "opposed to" (Mt 5:11; 26:59; 1Co 4:6); "in resistance to" (Heb 12:4); "provision for" (Greek eis, literally, "unto, toward" (1Ti 6:19)). Sometimes also applied to what breaks an established order as "customs" (

how? will you be inactive and Yahweh he has commanded it against Ashkelon and against [the] coast of the sea there he has appointed it
אַשְׁקְל֛וֹן'ash.ke.Lon Ashkelon H831 Noun proper
12× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Ashkelon was a major city in ancient Palestine, southwest of Jerusalem. It was a key Philistine city, mentioned in the books of Joshua and Amos. The KJV translates it as 'Ashkelon' or 'Askalon'.
Amplified meaning
a major Philistine city
Tyndale gloss
Ashkelon
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אַשְׁקְלוֹן (ashqlown) refers to Ashkelon, a Philistine city located southwest of Jerusalem. The name is thought to derive from a term meaning 'weighing-place' or 'mart.' It is also noted that the name may imply 'the fire of infamy: I shall be weighed.'

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אַשְׁקְלוֹן n.pr.loc. a city of the Philistines

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H831 אַשְׁקְלוֹן

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

831 'Ashqlown ash-kel-one'

probably from 8254 in the sense of weighing-place (i.e.

mart); Ashkelon, a place in Palestine:--Ashkelon, Askalon.

see HEBREW for 08254

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אַשְׁקְלוֹן (ash.qe.lon) — Ashkelon.

Askelon or Ashkelon = "the fire of infamy: I shall be weighed"

a maritime city of the Philistines, southwest of Jerusalem

Also named: esh.qe.lo.ni (אֶשְׁקְלוֹנִי "Ashkelon" H0832)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-proper — Noun proper
HNpl
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ask'-ke-lon, esh'-ka-lon, as'-ke-lon (the King James Version Eshkalon, (Eshkalonites; Jos 13:3); Askelon, (Jud 1:18; 1Sa 6:17; 2Sa 1:20); 'ashqelon; modern Askelan): A maritime town between Jaffa and Gaza, one of the five chief cities of the Philistines. The Ashkelonites are mentioned by Joshua (Jos 13:3), and the city was taken by the tribe of Judah (Jud 1:18). One of the golden tumors (the King James Version "emerods") sent back with the ark by the Philistines was from Ashkelon (1Sa 6:17).

Easton's Bible Dictionary

Ashkelon

=Askelon=Ascalon, was one of the five cities of the Philistines (Josh. 13:3; 1 Sam. 6:17). It stood on the shore of the Mediterranean, 12 miles north of Gaza. It is mentioned on an inscription at Karnak in Egypt as having been taken by king Rameses II., the oppressor of the Hebrews. In the time of the judges (Judg. 1:18) it fell into the possession of the tribe of Judah; but it was soon after retaken by the Philistines (2 Sam. 1:20), who were not finally dispossessed till the time of Alexander the Great. Samson went down to this place from Timnath, and slew thirty men and took their spoil. The prophets foretold its destruction (

→ Also called ASKELON

→ One of the five chief cities of the Philistines Jos 13:3

→ Captured by the people of Judah Jud 1:18

→ Samson kills thirty men of Jud 14:19

→ Emerods (tumors, R. V.) of 1Sa 6:17

→ Prophecies concerning Jer 25:20; 47:5,7; Am 1:8; Zep 2:4,7; Zec 9:5

The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
how? will you be inactive and Yahweh he has commanded it against Ashkelon and against [the] coast of the sea there he has appointed it
וְאֶל־ve.'el- and against H413 Conjunction · preposition
5,518× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means 'to' or 'toward', showing direction or movement. It appears in many books, including Genesis and Exodus, to indicate where someone is going. The KJV translates it in various ways, like 'about', 'according to', or 'against'.
Tyndale gloss
to(wards)
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word אֶל (el) is primarily a preposition indicating motion towards or direction to a person or place. It can also imply entering a limit, presence at a location, or a hostile direction (against). Additionally, it may express concepts such as concerning, in addition to, or according to. The entries highlight its versatility in both physical and metaphorical contexts.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אֶל (nearly always followed by Makkeph),

prep. denoting motion to or direction towards (whether physical or mental).of motion to or unto a person or place

Where the limit is actually entered, into

Of direction towards anything

Where the motion or direction implied appears from the context to be of a hostile character, אֶל = against

Unto sometimes acquires from the context the sense of in addition to

Metaph. in regard to, concerning, on account of

Of rule or standard according to (rare)

Expressing presence at a spot, against, at, by, not merely after verbs implying motion

Prefixed to other preps. it combines with them the idea of motion or direction to

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H413 אֶל (nearly always followed by Makkeph), . of motion to or unto a person or place

. Where the limit is actually entered, into

. Of direction towards anything

. Where the motion or direction implied appears from the context to be of a hostile character, אֶל = against

. Unto sometimes acquires from the context the sense of in addition to

. Metaph. in regard to, concerning, on account of

. Of rule or standard according to (rare)

. Expressing presence at a spot, against, at, by, not merely after verbs implying motion

. Prefixed to other preps. it combines with them the idea of motion or direction to

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

413 'el ale

(but only used in the shortened constructive form sel {el});

a primitive particle; properly, denoting motion towards, but

occasionally used of a quiescent position, i.e. near, with or

among; often in general, to:--about, according to ,after,

against, among, as for, at, because(-fore, -side), both...and,

by, concerning, for, from, X hath, in(- to), near, (out) of,

over, through, to(-ward), under, unto, upon, whether,

with(-in).

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אֶל (el) — to(wards).

1) to, toward, unto (of motion)

2) into (limit is actually entered)

2a) in among

3) toward (of direction, not necessarily physical motion)

4) against (motion or direction of a hostile character)

5) in addition to, to

6) concerning, in regard to, in reference to, on account of

7) according to (rule or standard)

8) at, by, against (of one's presence)

9) in between, in within, to within, unto (idea of motion to)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HC/R — Conjunction · preposition
HC/R
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

a-genst' (kata; enantion; pros): Preposition expressing contrast. When used of direction, equivalent to "toward" (Mt 10:35; 12:14, etc.); when of position, meaning "opposite," "facing," "in front of" (1Ki 7:5; Ge 15:10, Ro 8:31); when of action, "opposed to" (Mt 5:11; 26:59; 1Co 4:6); "in resistance to" (Heb 12:4); "provision for" (Greek eis, literally, "unto, toward" (1Ti 6:19)). Sometimes also applied to what breaks an established order as "customs" (

how? will you be inactive and Yahweh he has commanded it against Ashkelon and against [the] coast of the sea there he has appointed it
ח֥וֹףChof [the] coast of H2348 Noun common · masculine singular construct
7× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
A coast or seashore is the land along the edge of the sea, like the coast of Israel where the tribe of Benjamin lived. It can also refer to a sheltered bay or haven.
Amplified meaning
coast, seashore
Tyndale gloss
coast
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

חוֹף (choph) refers to a shore or coast, suggesting a surrounding or enclosing aspect. It is derived from an unused root meaning to cover, and it encompasses terms like haven and seaside. The entries consistently define it within the context of coastal geography.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

חוֹף n.[m.] shore, coast (as surrounding, enclosing)

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H2348 חוֹף shore, coast (as surrounding, enclosing)

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

2348 chowph khofe

from an unused root meaning to cover; a cove (as a sheltered

bay):--coast (of the sea), haven, shore, (sea-)side.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

חוֹף (choph) — coast.

seashore, coast, shore

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular construct
HNcmsc
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ov:

(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.

English usagewhat the translators’ English meant
Webster's Dictionary (1828), Webster's Unabridged (1913), Webster's Dictionary (1806)

OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]

1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.

I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.

For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.

It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.

Lamentations 3:1.

The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.

Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.

That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.

Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…

how? will you be inactive and Yahweh he has commanded it against Ashkelon and against [the] coast of the sea there he has appointed it
הַיָּ֖םhai.Yam the sea H3220 Particle · noun common masculine singular absolute
396× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Refers to a large body of water like the Mediterranean Sea or a sea in general, sometimes specifically the west or seaward direction.
Amplified meaning
territory, region
Tyndale gloss
(Mt. Ephron in the) West
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

יָם (yam) means 'sea' and refers to various large bodies of water, including the Mediterranean, Red, and Dead Seas, as well as the Sea of Galilee. It can also denote a mighty river like the Nile and has geographical implications, indicating directions such as west or south. The term is derived from a root meaning to roar, suggesting the noise of breaking surf.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

יָם 390 n.m. sea

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3220 יָם sea

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3220 yam yawm

from an unused root meaning to roar; a sea (as breaking in

noisy surf) or large body of water; specifically (with the

article), the Mediterranean Sea; sometimes a large river, or

an artifical basin; locally, the west, or (rarely) the

south:--sea (X -faring man, (-shore)), south, west (-ern,

side, -ward).

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

יָם (yam) — sea.

: sea

1) sea

1a) Mediterranean Sea

1b) Red Sea

1c) Dead Sea

1d) Sea of Galilee

1e) sea (general)

1f) mighty river (Nile)

1g) the sea (the great basin in the temple court)

1h) seaward, west, westward

יָם (yam) — sea: west.

: west

1) sea

1a) Mediterranean Sea

1b) Red Sea

1c) Dead Sea

1d) Sea of Galilee

1e) sea (general)

1f) mighty river (Nile)

1g) the sea (the great basin in the temple court)

1h) seaward, west, westward

יָם (yam) — (Mt. Ephron in the) West.

This name means sea, seaward, westward

Another name of eph.ron (עֶפְרוֹן "(Mount )Ephron" H6085H)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Art | N-ms — Particle · noun common masculine singular absolute
HTd/Ncmsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

se (yam; thalassa; in Ac 27:5 pelagos): The Mediterranean is called ha-yam ha-gadhol, "the great sea" (Nu 34:6; Jos 1:4; Eze 47:10, etc.); ha-yam ha-'acharon, "the hinder," or "western sea" (De 11:24; 34:2; Joe 2:20; Zec 14:8); yam pelishtim, "the sea of the Philis" (Ex 23:31); the King James Version translates yam yapho' in Ezr 3:7 by "sea of Joppa," perhaps rightly.

Smith's Bible Dictionary

The sea, yam , is used in Scripture to denote-- "The gathering of the waters," "the Ocean." (Genesis 1:2,10; 30:13) etc. Some portion of this, as the Mediterranean Sea, called the "hinder," the "western" and the "utmost" sea, (11:24; 34:2; Joel 2:20) "sea of the Philistines," (Exodus 23:31) "the great sea," (Numbers 36:6,7; Joshua 15:47) "the sea." Genesis49:13; Psal 80:11 Also frequently of the Red Sea. (Exodus 15:4) [RED SEA SEA] Inland lakes termed seas, as the Salt or Dead Sea. [See the special article] Any…

American Tract Society Bible Dictionary

The Hebrews give the name of sea to any large collection of water, Job 14:11; as to the lakes of Tiberias and Asphaltites, and also to the rivers Nile and Euphrates, Isa 11:15 18:2 21:1 Jer 51:36,42. The principal seas mentioned in Scripture are the following:

1. The GREAT SEA, the Mediterranean, called also the Hinder or Western Sea. Indeed, the Hebrew word for sea, meaning the Mediterranean, is often put for the west. The Great Sea is 2,200 miles long, and in the widest part 1,200 miles in width. In many places it is so deep as to give no soundings. It is little affected by tides, but is often agitated by violent winds. The prevailing direction of the wind in spring is from the southeast and southwest and from the northeast…

Nave's Topical Bible

→ Creation of Ge 1:9,10; Ps 95:5; 148:4,5

→ Lake Galilee calmed by Jesus Mt 8:24-26; Mr 4:37-39

→ Jesus walked upon Lake Galilee Mt 14:25-31

→ The Dead, to be given up by the, at the resurrection Re 20:13

→ SYMBOLICAL

In Daniel' s vision Da 7:2,3

In John' s apocalyptic vision Re 4:6; 8:8,9; 10:2,5,6,8; 13:1; 15:2; 16:3; 21:1

how? will you be inactive and Yahweh he has commanded it against Ashkelon and against [the] coast of the sea there he has appointed it
שָׁ֥םsham there H8033 Adverb
834× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word sham means there or then, often used to describe a location or point in time. It can also mean thither or thence, indicating movement or direction. This word is used frequently in the Bible to provide context and clarify the setting of a story.
Tyndale gloss
there
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

שָׁם (sham) is a Hebrew adverb meaning 'there' or 'thither,' indicating a location or direction. It can also refer to a point in time, translating to 'then.' The word is derived from a relative pronoun and is used in various contexts, including movement and temporal references.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

שָׁם adv. there, thither

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H8033 שָׁם there, thither

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

8033 sham shawm

a primitive particle (rather from the relative pronoun, 834);

there (transferring to time) then; often thither, or

thence:--in it, + thence, there (-in, + of, + out), +

thither, + whither.

see HEBREW for 0834

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

שָׁם (sham) — there.

1) there, thither

1a) there

1b) thither (after verbs of motion)

1c) from there, thence

1d) then (as an adverb of time)

Aramaic equivalent: tam.mah (תַּמָּה "there" H8536)

שָׁם (sham) — (Jerusalem) Is There.

Combined with ye.ru.sha.laim (יְרוּשָׁלִַ֫ם, יְרוּשְׁלֵם "Jerusalem" H3389)

This name means there, thither

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HD — Adverb
HD
how? will you be inactive and Yahweh he has commanded it against Ashkelon and against [the] coast of the sea there he has appointed it
יְעָדָֽהּ׃ סye.'a.Dah he has appointed it H3259 Verb qal perfect third person masculine singular · suffix
29× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
To appoint or agree on something, like setting a time to meet or making a plan, as seen in Esther when the king appoints a new leader. It can also mean to gather or assemble people for a purpose.
Amplified meaning
assigned, designated
Tyndale gloss
to appoint
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

יָעַד (ya`ad) is a Hebrew verb meaning to appoint or fix upon, often in the context of time or place. It encompasses meanings such as to gather or assemble by appointment, to meet, and to designate someone for a role, including betrothal. The entries indicate various grammatical forms, including reflexive and causative uses, but do not present significant disagreement among sources.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

יָעַד vb. appoint

Qal appoint, a time; place; a rod; assign or designate as concubine

Niph.

reflexive, meet at an appointed place

meet by appointment

gather, assemble by appointment

Po‛ēl Pf.

Hiph. Impf. who will make me meet him at the appointed place (of judgment)

Hoph. Pt. be set, placed before

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3259 יָעַד appoint .appoint, a time; place; a rod; assign or designate as concubine

. . reflexive, meet at an appointed place

. meet by appointment

. gather, assemble by appointment

.Pf.

. Impf. who will make me meet him at the appointed place (of judgment)

. Pt. be set, placed before

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3259 ya`ad yaw-ad'

a primitive root; to fix upon (by agreement or appointment);

by implication, to meet (at a stated time), to summon (to

trial), to direct (in a certain quarter or position), to

engage (for marriage): -agree,(maxke an) appoint(-ment,a

time), assemble (selves), betroth, gather (selves, together),

meet (together), set (a time).

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

יָעַד (ya.ad) — to appoint.

1) to fix, appoint, assemble, meet, set, betroth

1a)(Qal) to appoint, assign, designate

1b) (Niphal)

1b1) to meet

1b2) to meet by appointment

1b3) to gather, assemble by appointment

1c) (Hiphil) to cause to meet

1d) (Hophal) to be set, be placed before, be fixed

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal-Perf-3ms | Suff — Verb qal perfect third person masculine singular · suffix
HVqp3ms/Sp3fs
Sources on this page. Lexicons and dictionaries imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate Liddell-Scott-Jones, Robinson and Packard, Webster and Cawdrey. Thayer’s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (Harper, 1889 — Grimm’s Wilke’s Clavis Novi Testamenti, translated, revised and enlarged by Joseph Henry Thayer) is public domain and is set here from the Internet Archive page scan greekenglishlex00grim; it is uncorrected OCR, marked as such on the entry itself, and the Strong’s numbers — which Thayer’s own edition does not carry — were matched by lemma against the other modules on this page. Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament (Macmillan, 1880) and Moulton and Milligan’s Vocabulary of the Greek Testament (Hodder & Stoughton, 1930, which entered the United States public domain on 1 January 2026) are set from Internet Archive page scans synonymsofnewtes00treniala and vocabularyofgree00mouluoft, and are likewise uncorrected OCR matched to Strong’s numbers by lemma. Trench treats a group of words at once, so the same essay stands on the page of each word it compares. The Mounce Concise Greek-English Dictionary is © 1993 and is used here by permission for non-commercial use, www.teknia.com/greek-dictionary. The full Liddell-Scott-Jones and the Hebrew word data (TAHOT) come from STEPBible.org, CC BY 4.0. Brown-Driver-Briggs is the OpenScriptures digitisation, public domain. Syntax analysis is the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (biblicalhumanities.org); the concordance and morphology are built from the tagged Nestle 1904 text. Septuagint occurrences use the Open Scriptures Septuagint lemma index, derived from CCAT (University of Pennsylvania) and the Rahlfs 1935 dataset by Eliran Wong, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — used here on a non-commercial ministry site. Greek of Josephus and Barnabas from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA 4.0. Commentaries and the Ante-Nicene Fathers are public-domain texts hosted on this site. Everyday Greek from the Duke Databank of Documentary Papyri, CC BY 3.0, with dates and provenance from the Heidelberger Gesamtverzeichnis. Philo and the Apostolic Fathers from Open Greek and Latin (First1KGreek), CC BY-SA 4.0. The apparatus and the fifth Greek column are the SBL Greek New Testament, © 2010 SBL and Logos Bible Software, CC BY 4.0. The Latin is the Clementine Vulgate (public domain); the Syriac New Testament is the ETCBC edition (MIT licence). The Hebrew behind the Greek is computed here from the Septuagint index and TAHOT, not taken from any aligned edition. The translation spread and the per-word edition marks come from the Translators Amalgamated Greek NT (STEPBible, CC BY 4.0); clause roles from the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (CC BY-SA 4.0); place identifications and their confidence from OpenBible.info Bible Geocoding (CC BY 4.0), with map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Gospel parallels are computed here from shared uncommon vocabulary, not taken from any printed harmony. Cross references are the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge and the subject headings are Nave’s Topical Bible, both public domain. Works under Creative Commons licences are used unchanged apart from markup removal.

Everything we make is available for free because of a generous community of supporters.

Donate