Exodus 15:4 — Word Study
WLCמַרְכְּבֹ֥ת פַּרְעֹ֛ה וְחֵיל֖וֹ יָרָ֣ה בַיָּ֑ם וּמִבְחַ֥ר שָֽׁלִשָׁ֖יו טֻבְּע֥וּ בְיַם־ סֽוּף׃
BSAPharaoh’sParʻôh [the king of Egypt, a powerful leader] chariotsmerkâbâh [vehicles used for transportation or warfare] and armychayil [Helech, strength or military power] He has castyârâh■ [thrown, sent down] into the seayâm [the Red Sea, a large body of water] the finestmibchâr [best, choicest] of his officersshâlîysh [high-ranking captains, leaders] are drownedṭâbaʻ■ [sunk, settled down] in the Redçûwph Seayâm [the sea of reeds, a specific body of water]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| מַרְכְּבֹ֥ת | [the] chariots of | Noun common, feminine plural construct |
| פַּרְעֹ֛ה | Pharaoh | Noun |
| וְחֵיל֖וֹ | and army his | Conjunction, noun common masculine singular construct, suffix |
| יָרָ֣ה | he has thrown | Verb, Qal, perfect third person masculine singular |
| בַיָּ֑ם | in the sea | Preposition, noun common masculine singular absolute |
| וּמִבְחַ֥ר | and [the] choicest of | Conjunction, noun common masculine singular construct |
| שָֽׁלִשָׁ֖יו | officers his | Noun common masculine plural construct, suffix |
| טֻבְּע֥וּ | they have been sunk | Verb, Pual, perfect third person common plural |
| בְיַם־ | in [the] sea of | Preposition, noun common masculine singular construct |
| סֽוּף׃ | reed[s] | Noun |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | Pharaoh’s chariots and army He has cast into the sea; the finest of his officers are drowned in the Red Sea. |
| KJV | Pharaoh’s chariots and his host hath he cast into the sea: his chosen captains also are drowned in the Red sea. |
| ASV | Pharaoh’s chariots and his host hath he cast into the sea; And his chosen captains are sunk in the Red Sea. |
| YLT | Chariots of Pharaoh and his force He hath cast into the sea; And the choice of his captains Have sunk in the Red Sea! |
| WEB | He has cast Pharaoh’s chariots and his army into the sea. His chosen captains are sunk in the Red Sea. |
| BBE | Pharaoh's war-carriages and his army he has sent down into the sea: the best of his captains have gone down into the Red Sea. |
All translations agree on the actions described in this verse.
The main clause presents the action of casting, followed by a description of the officers who are affected by this action.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
verbיָרָה
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Exodus 15:4
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Song of Mosesgenerated
Exodus 15:4 recounts the moment after the Israelites crossed the Red Sea, celebrating their escape from slavery in Egypt. This song highlights God's power and deliverance, contrasting the might of Pharaoh with the protection He provided to His people. It emphasizes the miraculous nature of their salvation and the judgment upon their oppressors, as seen in the surrounding verses that continue to praise God's strength and majesty.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Exodus 14:13–28 | But Moses told the people, “Do not be afraid. Stand firm and you will see the LORD’s salvation, which He will accomplish for you today; for the Egyptians you see today, you will never see again. |
| 2 | Exodus 14:7 | He took 600 of the best chariots, and all the other chariots of Egypt, with officers over all of them. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 2 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — מַרְכְּבֹ֥ת, mar.ke.Votgenerated
The word מַרְכְּבֹת (merkavot) is a feminine plural noun meaning 'chariots.' It is derived from מֶרְכָּבָה (merkabah), which also means chariot. In this context, it refers to the vehicles used by Pharaoh's army in warfare.
This term emphasizes the military might of Egypt and sets the stage for God's decisive action against them. The use of chariots in warfare was significant in ancient battles, symbolizing strength and power.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, which uses cast for the Hebrew יָרָה and drowned for טֻבְּע֥וּ.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The finite verb יָרָה (he has thrown) governs the main action of the verse, with a series of noun phrases following it: Pharaoh's chariots, his army, and the choicest of his officers.
The structure highlights the sequence of events: the chariots and army are cast into the sea, leading to the drowning of the officers, which underscores the totality of the defeat.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates מַרְכְּבֹת as ἅρματα (armata), which also means 'chariots.' This choice reflects a direct correspondence to the military context.
The Greek word emphasizes the same concept of military vehicles, maintaining the focus on the power of Pharaoh's army.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Exodus 15:4 describes how God threw Pharaoh's chariots and army into the sea, drowning the best of his officers. This verse is part of the Song of Moses, celebrating the Israelites' deliverance from Egypt and God's power over their enemies.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
It signifies God's decisive victory over Pharaoh's military might, demonstrating His power to protect His people.
The term 'choicest' indicates they were the best and most elite soldiers, emphasizing the total defeat of Pharaoh's strongest forces.
This verse highlights the theme of deliverance and God's protection of Israel, showcasing His power in contrast to Egypt's strength.
It teaches us about God's sovereignty and ability to save His people from oppression, assuring us of His protection in our struggles.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What does this verse reveal about God's power in difficult situations?
- How can I trust in God's protection in my own life?
- In what ways can I celebrate God's deliverance in my life?
- How does understanding the defeat of Pharaoh's army encourage me in my faith?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Early Church Fathers have commented on this verse, using it to illustrate God's victory over sin and evil, as seen in their sermons.
And the worldly pride and arrogance and the troops of innumerable sins which were fighting for the devil in us, he obliterated in baptism.Early Church Fathers on Exodus 15 →
The devil had placed “teams of three” in each chariot, who were to terrorize us by haunting us with the fear of pain, the fear of humiliation, the fear of death.Early Church Fathers on Exodus 15 →
“The elite of his officers, who were standing three deep, he submerged in the Red Sea.” Who are the elite of his officers? Surely those chosen by the devil for luxury, wickedness and pride, the source of all evil.Early Church Fathers on Exodus 15 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Exodus 15:4 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BiblePharaoh's chariots and his hosts hath he cast into the sea,.... Which was done by the Angel of the Lord, who was Jehovah himself, our Immanuel, and man of war, as appears from Exodus 14:17, an emblem
Read John Gill on Exodus 15 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryPharaoh's chariots and his host hath he cast into the sea: his chosen captains also are drowned in the Red sea. Pharaoh's chariots and his host hath he cast into the sea.
Read Robert Jamieson on Exodus 15 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleWith great force, like an arrow out of a bow; as the Hebrew word signifies.
Read Matthew Poole on Exodus 15 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsExodus 15:4 Pharaoh’ s chariots and his host hath he cast into the sea: his chosen captains also are drowned in the Red sea.Ver. 4. In the Red Sea.] So called, haply, from that red man, Esau or Edom, who usurped the dominion of that sea, now called Sinus Arabicus.
Read John Trapp on Exodus 15 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(4) His chosen captains.—Comp. Exodus 14:7, where the same word is used. Are drowned.—Rather, were drowned.
Read Charles John Ellicott on Exodus 15 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 4. Pharaoh's chariots - his host - his chosen captains] On such an expedition it is likely that the principal Egyptian nobility accompanied their king, and that the overthrow they met with here had reduced Egypt to the lowest extremity. Had the Israelites been intent on plunder, or had Moses been influenced by a spirit of ambition, how easily might both have gratified themselves, as, had they returned, they might have soon overrun and subjugated the whole land.
Read AdamClarke on Exodus 15 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges4. and his host] Cf. Exodus 14:4; Exodus 14:9; Exodus 14:17; Exodus 14:28. And his chosen (Heb. the choice of his) knights] See on Exodus 14:7.
Read Cambridge on Exodus 15 →Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible2-5. First strain. JAH — A poetic abbreviation of JAHVEH, restricted in use to the higher kinds of poetry, and found often in compound names, as Yirm’jah, (Jeremiah;) also in certain formulas, as
Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Exodus 15 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
Pharaoh’s chariots and army He has cast into the sea; the finest of his officers are drowned in the Red Sea.
He has cast Pharaoh’s chariots and his army into the sea. His chosen captains are sunk in the Red Sea.
Pharaoh’s chariots and army He has cast into the sea; the finest of his officers are drowned in the Red Sea.
The chariots of Pharaoh and his army he has thrown into the sea, and his chosen officers were drowned in the Red Sea.
Tyndale line
Pharaoh’s chariots and his host hath he cast into the sea: his chosen captains also are drowned in the Red sea.
Pharaoh’s chariots and his host hath he cast into the sea; And his chosen captains are sunk in the Red Sea.
Pharaoh’s chariots and his host hath he cast into the sea: And his chosen captains are sunk in the Red Sea.
Pharaoh's chariots and his host hath he cast into the sea: his chosen captains also are drowned in the Red sea.
Pharaohs charets and his host hath he cast into the Sea: his chosen captaines also were drowned in the red Sea.
Strictly literal
Pharaoh's chariots and his army hath he cast into the sea; His chosen captains also are drowned in the Red Sea.
Chariots of Pharaoh and his force He hath cast into the sea; And the choice of his captains Have sunk in the Red Sea!
Chariots of Pharaoh and his force || He has cast into the sea; And the choice of his captains || Have sunk in the Red Sea!
The chariots of Pharaoh and his host hath he hurled into the sea; and the chosen of his captains are sunk in the Red Sea.
He has thrown Pharaoh's chariots and army into the sea. Pharaoh's chosen officers were drowned in the Sea of Reeds.
From the Latin
Pharao’s chariots and his army he hath cast into the sea: his chosen captains are drowned in the Red Sea.
Simplified
He threw Pharaoh's chariots and his army into the sea. Pharaoh's best officers were drowned in the Red Sea.
Pharaoh's war-carriages and his army he has sent down into the sea: the best of his captains have gone down into the Red Sea.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint agree in their wording for this verse, with a complete match of the ten words. However, the Samaritan Pentateuch differs in three words, using חיליו (power), ירא (fear), and שׁלישׁיו (adjutant) instead of the corresponding Hebrew terms.
מַרְכְּבֹ֥ת פַּרְעֹ֛ה וְחֵיל֖וֹ יָרָ֣ה בַיָּ֑ם וּמִבְחַ֥ר שָֽׁלִשָׁ֖יו טֻבְּע֥וּ בְיַם־ סֽוּף׃
10 of the 10 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
מרכבת פרעה וחיליו ירא בים ומבחר שׁלישׁיו טבעו בים סוף
3 words differ from the Masoretic Text: חיליו (power), ירא (fear), שׁלישׁיו (adjutant)
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Exodus 15:4
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
מֶרְכָּבָה (merkabah) means 'chariot' in Hebrew. It is a feminine noun derived from the related word for chariot, מֶרְכָּב (merkav). The entries consistently define it as a chariot, with no significant disagreement among lexicons.
מֶרְכָּבָה n.f. chariot
base
H4818 מֶרְכָּבָה chariot
4818 merkabah mer-kaw-baw'
feminine of 4817; a chariot:--chariot. See also 1024.
see HEBREW for 04817
see HEBREW for 01024
מֶרְכָּבָה (mer.ka.vah) — chariot.
chariot
N-fp — Noun common · feminine plural constructHNcfpc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
The Hebrew word פַּרְעֹה (*par'oh*) means 'Pharaoh,' which is a title for Egyptian kings. It is derived from Egyptian and is commonly associated with various rulers mentioned throughout the Old Testament, including those during the time of the Patriarchs and the Divided Monarchy. The term translates to 'great house,' reflecting its significance in ancient Egypt.
פַּרְעֹה 275 n.m. Pharaoh, title of Egyptian kings
base
H6547 פַּרְעֹה Pharaoh, title of Egyptian kings
6547 Par`oh par-o'
of Egyptian derivation; Paroh, a general title of Egyptian
kings:--Pharaoh.
פַּרְעֹה (par.oh) — Pharaoh.
A man of the Egyptians living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.12.15
§ Pharaoh = "great house"
the common title of the king of Egypt
פַּרְעֹה (par.oh) — Pharaoh.
A man of the Egyptians living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.37.36
Also named: Pharaō (Φαραώ "Pharaoh" G5328)
§ Pharaoh = "great house"
the common title of the king of Egypt
פַּרְעֹה (par.oh) — Pharaoh.
A man of the Egyptians living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, first mentioned at Exo.1.11
Also named: Pharaō (Φαραώ "Pharaoh" G5328H)
§ Pharaoh = "great house"
the common title of the king of Egypt
פַּרְעֹה (par.oh) — Pharaoh.
A man of the Egyptians living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, first mentioned at Exo.3.10
Also named: Pharaō (Φαραώ "Pharaoh" G5328I)
§ Pharaoh = "great house"
N-proper — NounHNtmsa
fa'-ro, fa'-ra-o (par`oh; Pharao); Egyptian per aa, "great house"):em; the King James Version Pharacim): One of the families of temple-servants who returned with Zerubbabel (1 Esdras 5:31; not found in Ezra or Nehemiah).
1. The Use of Name in Egypt:
Many and strange differences of opinion have been expressed concerning the use of this name in Egypt and elsewhere, because of its importance in critical discussions (see below). Encyclopaedia Biblica says "a name given to all Egyptian kings in the Bible"; it also claims that the name could not have been received by the Hebrews before 1000 BC. HDB (III, 819) says that a letter was addressed to Amenhotep as "Pharaoh, lord of," etc. According to Winckler's theory of a North Arabian Musri, it was the Hebrews alone in ancient times who adopted the term Pharaoh from the Egyptians, the name not being found even in the Tell el-Amarna Letters or…
Pharaoh
The official title borne by the Egyptian kings down to the time when that country was conquered by the Greeks. (See EGYPT.) The name is a compound, as some think, of the words Ra, the “sun” or “sun-god,” and the article phe, “the,” prefixed; hence phera, “the sun,” or “the sun-god.” But others, perhaps more correctly, think the name derived from Perao, “the great house” = his majesty = in Turkish, “the Sublime Porte.”
(1.) The Pharaoh who was on the throne when Abram went down into Egypt (Gen. 12:10-20) was probably one of the Hyksos, or “shepherd kings.” The Egyptians called the nomad tribes of Syria Shasu, “plunderers,” their king or chief Hyk, and hence the name of those invaders who conquered the native kings and established a strong government, with Zoan or Tanis as their capital. They were of…
the common title of the native kings of Egypt in the Bible, corresponding to P-ra or Ph-ra "the sun," of the hieroglyphics. Brugsch, Ebers and other modern Egyptologists define it to mean ’the great house," which would correspond to our "the Sublime Porte." As several kings are mentioned only by the title "Pharaoh" in the Bible, it is important to endeavor to discriminate them: The Pharaoh of Abraham . (Genesis 12:15) --At the time at which the patriarch went into Egypt, it is generally held that the country, or at least lower Egypt, was ruled by the Shepherd kings, of whom the first and moat powerful line was the fifteenth dynasty, the undoubted territories of which would be first entered by one coming from the east. The date at which Abraham visited Egypt was about B.C. 2081, which would accord with the time of Salatis the head of…
Is properly an Egyptian word adopted into the Hebrew, and signifies king; so that when we find this name it means everywhere the king. Thus, also, Pharaoh Hophra is simply king Hophra.
Of the kings of Egypt, there are not less than twelve or thirteen mentioned in Scripture, all of whom bore the general title of Pharaoh, except four. Along with this title, two of them have also other proper names, Necho and Hophra. The following is their order. Some of them have been identified, by the labors of Champollion and others, with kings whose proper names we know from other sources, while others still remain in obscurity. Indeed, so brief, obscure, and conflicting are the details of Egyptian history and ancient chronology, which no name before that of Shishak can be regarded as identified beyond dispute.
The Hebrew word חַ֫יִל (*chayil*) encompasses meanings related to strength, efficiency, wealth, and army. It is derived from a root meaning force and can refer to physical might, moral virtue, or resources. The entries consistently highlight its application to soldiers and military forces, with no significant disagreement noted among the lexicons.
חַ֫יִל 244 n.m. strength, efficiency, wealth, army
strength, usu. physical
ability, efficiency, often involving moral worth
wealth
force, army
base
H2428 חַ֫יִל strength, efficiency, wealth, army
2428 chayil khah'-yil
from 2342; probably a force, whether of men, means or other
resources; an army, wealth, virtue, valor, strength:--able,
activity, (+) army, band of men (soldiers), company, (great)
forces, goods, host, might, power, riches, strength, strong,
substance, train, (+)valiant(-ly), valour, virtuous(-ly), war,
worthy(-ily).
see HEBREW for 02342
חַ֫יִל (cha.yil) — strength: soldiers.
: soldiers/army
1) strength, might, efficiency, wealth, army
1a) strength
1b) ability, efficiency
1c) wealth
1d) force, army
חֵילֵךְ (che.lek) — Helech.
§ Helech = "your army"
a place near Arvad and Gammad
חַ֫יִל (cha.yil) — strength.
: strong
1) strength, might, efficiency, wealth, army
1a) strength
1b) ability, efficiency
1c) wealth
1d) force, army, soldiers/army
חַ֫יִל (cha.yil) — strength: rich.
: rich/wealth
1) strength, might, efficiency, wealth, army
1a) strength
1b) ability, efficiency
1c) wealth
1d) force, army
חַ֫יִל (cha.yil) — strength: worthy.
: worthy
1) strength, might, efficiency, wealth, army
1a) strength
1b) ability, efficiency
1c) wealth
1d) force, army
Conj | N-ms | Suff — Conjunction · noun common masculine singular construct · suffixHC/Ncmsc/Sp3ms
The Hebrew word יָרָא (*yarah*) encompasses meanings related to shooting, pouring, and throwing. It can refer to actions like shooting arrows or casting water, as well as figurative uses such as teaching or directing. The entries indicate that it has both a literal and a figurative range, with roots in the idea of flowing or pointing out.
[יָרָא] vb. shoot, pour
Qal shoot with arrows
Hiph. and they shot at; Pt. pl. the shooters, archers
Hoph. he that watereth shall himself also be watered
base
יָרָה vb. throw, shoot
Qal
throw, cast
cast (= lay, set), corner-stone; pillar
shoot arrows
throw water, rain
Niph. shot through (with arrows)
Hiph.
throw, cast
shoot (arrows)
throw water, rain
point out, shew
direct, teach, instruct
base
H3384a יָרָא shoot, pour H3384b יָרָה throw, shoot .. throw, cast
. cast (= lay, set), corner-stone; pillar
. shoot arrows
. throw water, rain
. shot through (with arrows)
. . throw, cast
. shoot (arrows)
. throw water, rain
. point out, shew
. direct, teach, instruct
3384 yarah yaw-raw'
or (2 Chr. 26:15) yara; {yaw-raw'}; a primitive root;
properly, to flow as water (i.e. to rain); transitively, to
lay or throw (especially an arrow, i.e. to shoot);
figuratively, to point out (as if by aiming the finger), to
teach:--(+) archer, cast, direct, inform, instruct, lay, shew,
shoot, teach(-er,-ing), through.
יָרָא (ya.ra) — to shoot.
1) to shoot, pour
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to shoot arrows
1b) (Hiphil)
1b1) to shoot at
1b2) part. shooter, archer
1c) to throw water, rain
יָרָה (ya.rah) — to show.
1) to point out, show
1b) to direct, teach, instruct
V-Qal-Perf-3ms — Verb · Qal · perfect third person masculine singularHVqp3ms
יָם (yam) means 'sea' and refers to various large bodies of water, including the Mediterranean, Red, and Dead Seas, as well as the Sea of Galilee. It can also denote a mighty river like the Nile and has geographical implications, indicating directions such as west or south. The term is derived from a root meaning to roar, suggesting the noise of breaking surf.
יָם 390 n.m. sea
base
H3220 יָם sea
3220 yam yawm
from an unused root meaning to roar; a sea (as breaking in
noisy surf) or large body of water; specifically (with the
article), the Mediterranean Sea; sometimes a large river, or
an artifical basin; locally, the west, or (rarely) the
south:--sea (X -faring man, (-shore)), south, west (-ern,
side, -ward).
יָם (yam) — sea.
: sea
1) sea
1a) Mediterranean Sea
1b) Red Sea
1c) Dead Sea
1d) Sea of Galilee
1e) sea (general)
1f) mighty river (Nile)
1g) the sea (the great basin in the temple court)
1h) seaward, west, westward
יָם (yam) — sea: west.
: west
1) sea
1a) Mediterranean Sea
1b) Red Sea
1c) Dead Sea
1d) Sea of Galilee
1e) sea (general)
1f) mighty river (Nile)
1g) the sea (the great basin in the temple court)
1h) seaward, west, westward
יָם (yam) — (Mt. Ephron in the) West.
This name means sea, seaward, westward
Another name of eph.ron (עֶפְרוֹן "(Mount )Ephron" H6085H)
Prep | N-ms — Preposition · noun common masculine singular absoluteHRd/Ncmsa
se (yam; thalassa; in Ac 27:5 pelagos): The Mediterranean is called ha-yam ha-gadhol, "the great sea" (Nu 34:6; Jos 1:4; Eze 47:10, etc.); ha-yam ha-'acharon, "the hinder," or "western sea" (De 11:24; 34:2; Joe 2:20; Zec 14:8); yam pelishtim, "the sea of the Philis" (Ex 23:31); the King James Version translates yam yapho' in Ezr 3:7 by "sea of Joppa," perhaps rightly.
The sea, yam , is used in Scripture to denote-- "The gathering of the waters," "the Ocean." (Genesis 1:2,10; 30:13) etc. Some portion of this, as the Mediterranean Sea, called the "hinder," the "western" and the "utmost" sea, (11:24; 34:2; Joel 2:20) "sea of the Philistines," (Exodus 23:31) "the great sea," (Numbers 36:6,7; Joshua 15:47) "the sea." Genesis49:13; Psal 80:11 Also frequently of the Red Sea. (Exodus 15:4) [RED SEA SEA] Inland lakes termed seas, as the Salt or Dead Sea. [See the special article] Any…
The Hebrews give the name of sea to any large collection of water, Job 14:11; as to the lakes of Tiberias and Asphaltites, and also to the rivers Nile and Euphrates, Isa 11:15 18:2 21:1 Jer 51:36,42. The principal seas mentioned in Scripture are the following:
1. The GREAT SEA, the Mediterranean, called also the Hinder or Western Sea. Indeed, the Hebrew word for sea, meaning the Mediterranean, is often put for the west. The Great Sea is 2,200 miles long, and in the widest part 1,200 miles in width. In many places it is so deep as to give no soundings. It is little affected by tides, but is often agitated by violent winds. The prevailing direction of the wind in spring is from the southeast and southwest and from the northeast…
→ Creation of Ge 1:9,10; Ps 95:5; 148:4,5
→ Lake Galilee calmed by Jesus Mt 8:24-26; Mr 4:37-39
→ Jesus walked upon Lake Galilee Mt 14:25-31
מִבְחָר (mivchar) means 'choicest' or 'best.' It is derived from the root meaning 'to select' and is associated with the idea of being chosen. The entries consistently emphasize its meaning related to quality, with no significant disagreement among lexicons.
[מִבְחָר] n.[m.] choicest, best
base
H4005 מִבְחָר choicest, best
4005 mibchar mib-khawr'
from 977; select, i.e. best:--choice(-st), chosen.
see HEBREW for 0977
מִבְחָר (miv.char) — best.
choicest, best
Also means: miv.chor (מִבְחוֹר "choice" H4004)
Conj | N-ms — Conjunction · noun common masculine singular constructHC/Ncmsc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
שָׁלִישׁ (shaliysh) refers to a third part or measure, possibly linked to an ephah. It can denote a musical instrument, likely a triangle or three-stringed lute, and also signifies an officer or captain. The word appears in contexts suggesting both quantity and rank, with references in 1 Chronicles and 2 Samuel.
שָׁלִ(י)שׁ n.[m.] third (part, i.e. of ephah? dub.), name of a measure
base
[שָׁלִישׁ] n.[m.] a (three-stringed? three-barred? three-cornered?) mus. instr., perhaps a sistrum, or ‘triangle’, 1 S 18:6
ref
שָׁלִישׁ n.m. adjutant or officer
base
H7991a שָׁלִ(י)שׁ third (part, i.e. of ephah? dub.), name of a measure H7991b שָׁלִישׁ a (three-stringed? three-barred? three-cornered?) mus. instr., perhaps a sistrum H7991c שָׁלִישׁ adjutant or officer
7991 shaliysh shaw-leesh'
or shalowsh ( 1 Chron. 11:11; 12:18) {shaw- loshe'}; or
shalosh (2 Sam. 23:13) {shaw-loshe'}; from 7969; a triple,
i.e. (as a musical instrument) a triangle (or perhaps rather
three-stringed lute); also (as an indefinite, great quantity)
a three-fold measure (perhaps a treble ephah); also (as an
officer) a general of the third rank (upward, i.e. the
highest):--captain, instrument of musick, (great) lord,
(great) measure, prince, three (from the margin).
see HEBREW for 07969
שָׁלִישׁ (sha.lish) — third.
1) third part
1a) name of a measure
שָׁלִישׁ (sha.lish) — triangle.
1) a musical instrument
1a) maybe three-stringed, triangular shape, or three-barred
1b) perhaps a sistrum or triangle
שָׁלִישׁ (sha.lish) — officer.
shield carrier, adjutant, officer, captain
N-mp | Suff — Noun common masculine plural construct · suffixHNcmpc/Sp3ms
The Hebrew word טָבַע (taba`) primarily means to sink or to settle down. It can refer to sinking in a physical sense, such as drowning or being planted, and also has connotations of being fastened or settled. The entries indicate various grammatical forms, including intransitive and passive uses.
טָבַע vb. sink, sink down
Qal sink, sink down, intrans.
Pu. be sunk
Hiph. be sunk; of pedestals of the earth, as settled, planted
base
H2883 טָבַע sink, sink down .sink, sink down, intrans.
. be sunk
. be sunk; of pedestals of the earth, as settled, planted
2883 taba` taw-bah'
a primitive root; to sink:--drown, fasten, settle, sink.
טָבַע (ta.va) — to sink.
1) to sink, sink into, sink down, pierce, settle down, drown, be settled, be planted
1a) (Qal) to sink, sink down
1b)(Pual) to be sunk
1c) (Hophal) to cause to sink
V-Pual-Perf-3cp — Verb · Pual · perfect third person common pluralHVPp3cp
יָם (yam) means 'sea' and refers to various large bodies of water, including the Mediterranean, Red, and Dead Seas, as well as the Sea of Galilee. It can also denote a mighty river like the Nile and has geographical implications, indicating directions such as west or south. The term is derived from a root meaning to roar, suggesting the noise of breaking surf.
יָם 390 n.m. sea
base
H3220 יָם sea
3220 yam yawm
from an unused root meaning to roar; a sea (as breaking in
noisy surf) or large body of water; specifically (with the
article), the Mediterranean Sea; sometimes a large river, or
an artifical basin; locally, the west, or (rarely) the
south:--sea (X -faring man, (-shore)), south, west (-ern,
side, -ward).
יָם (yam) — sea.
: sea
1) sea
1a) Mediterranean Sea
1b) Red Sea
1c) Dead Sea
1d) Sea of Galilee
1e) sea (general)
1f) mighty river (Nile)
1g) the sea (the great basin in the temple court)
1h) seaward, west, westward
יָם (yam) — sea: west.
: west
1) sea
1a) Mediterranean Sea
1b) Red Sea
1c) Dead Sea
1d) Sea of Galilee
1e) sea (general)
1f) mighty river (Nile)
1g) the sea (the great basin in the temple court)
1h) seaward, west, westward
יָם (yam) — (Mt. Ephron in the) West.
This name means sea, seaward, westward
Another name of eph.ron (עֶפְרוֹן "(Mount )Ephron" H6085H)
Prep | N-ms — Preposition · noun common masculine singular constructHR/Ncmsc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
סוּף (suph) refers to reeds or rushes, particularly associated with the Nile and the Red Sea. The term may have Egyptian origins and is used to describe both a type of water plant and the Red Sea itself. The entries indicate that it can denote the Gulf of Suez and the sea from the straits to the Gulf of Akaba.
סוּף n.m. reeds, rushes
rushes, in Nile
Red Sea
base
H5488 סוּף reeds, rushes . rushes, in Nile
. Red Sea
5488 cuwph soof
probably of Egyptian origin; a reed, especially the
papyrus:--flag, Red (sea), weed. Compare 5489.
see HEBREW for 05489
סוּף (suph) — Red (Sea).
1) of Red Sea
2) of Gulf of Suez
3) of sea from straits to Gulf of Akaba
Also named: eruthros (ἐρυθρός "Red( Sea)" G2063) as "Reed Sea"
סוּף (suph) — reed.
1) reed, rush, water plant
1a) rushes
1b) sea of rushes - used of Red Sea
N-ms — NounHNtmsa