1 Chronicles 9:31 — Word Study
WLCוּמַתִּתְיָה֙ מִן־ הַלְוִיִּ֔ם ה֥וּא הַבְּכ֖וֹר לְשַׁלֻּ֣ם הַקָּרְחִ֑י בֶּאֱמוּנָ֕ה עַ֖ל מַעֲשֵׂ֥ה הַחֲבִתִּֽים׃
BSAA LeviteLêvîyîy [one of the priestly tribe, a descendant of Levi] named MattithiahMattithyâh [gift of Jehovah] the firstborn sonbᵉkôwr [having the right of the firstborn, holding a special status] of ShallumShallûwm [a personal name, referring to several Israelites] the KorahiteQorchîy [a descendant of Korah, a Levite] was entrustedʼĕmûwnâh [given the office of trust, having the set office] withʻal bakingmaʻăseh [cooking, making] the breadchâbêth△ [flatbread, probably a type of griddle-cake, used in offerings]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| וּמַתִּתְיָה֙ | and Mattithiah | Conjunction, noun proper masculine |
| מִן־ | one of | Preposition |
| הַלְוִיִּ֔ם | the Levites | Particle, noun gentilic masculine plural absolute |
| ה֥וּא | he | Pronoun |
| הַבְּכ֖וֹר | [was] the firstborn | Particle, noun common masculine singular absolute |
| לְשַׁלֻּ֣ם | of Shallum | Preposition, noun proper masculine |
| הַקָּרְחִ֑י | the Korahite | Particle, noun gentilic masculine singular absolute |
| בֶּאֱמוּנָ֕ה | in faithfulness | Preposition, noun common feminine singular absolute |
| עַ֖ל | [was] over | Preposition |
| מַעֲשֵׂ֥ה | [the] work of | Noun common, masculine singular construct |
| הַחֲבִתִּֽים׃ | the flat cakes | Particle, noun common masculine plural absolute |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | A Levite named Mattithiah, the firstborn son of Shallum the Korahite, was entrusted with baking the bread. |
| KJV | And Mattithiah, one of the Levites, who was the firstborn of Shallum the Korahite, had the set office over the things that were made in the pans. |
| ASV | And Mattithiah, one of the Levites, who was the first-born of Shallum the Korahite, had the office of trust over the things that were baked in pans. |
| YLT | And Mattithiah, of the Levites (he [is] the first-born to Shallum the Korahite), [is] in office over the work of the pans. |
| WEB | Mattithiah, one of the Levites, who was the firstborn of Shallum the Korahite, had the office of trust over the things that were baked in pans. |
| BBE | And Mattithiah, one of the Levites, the oldest son of Shallum the Korahite, was responsible for cooking the flat cakes. |
All translations agree on the core elements of this verse, maintaining consistency in the depiction of Mattithiah's role.
The structure includes a main clause with identifying details about Mattithiah and his responsibilities, creating a clear and informative sentence.
7 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Ellicott & more — read them ›
clause
subjectהוּא
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
1 of 11 occurs nowhere else in the Old Testament — a word chosen on purpose.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — 1 Chronicles 9:31
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Duties of the Levitesgenerated
1 Chronicles 9:31 describes the responsibilities assigned to the Levites, specifically focusing on Mattithiah, who was entrusted with the important task of baking the bread used in offerings. This role reflects the Levites' significant position in the religious life of Israel, as they were responsible for various duties in the temple, ensuring proper worship and service to God.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1 Chronicles 9:17–19 | These were the gatekeepers: Shallum, Akkub, Talmon, Ahiman, and their relatives. Shallum was their chief; |
| 2 | 1 Chronicles 9:22–26 | The number of those chosen to be gatekeepers at the thresholds was 212. They were registered by genealogy in their villages. David and Samuel the seer had appointed them to their positions of trust. |
| 3 | Leviticus 2:5–7 | If your offering is a grain offering prepared on a griddle, it must be unleavened bread made of fine flour mixed with oil. |
| 4 | Leviticus 6:21 | It shall be prepared with oil on a griddle; you are to bring it well-kneaded and present it as a grain offering broken in pieces, a pleasing aroma to the LORD. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 4 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — מַתִּתְיָה, u.ma.tit.Yahgenerated
The name מַתִּתְיָה (Mattithiah) means 'gift of Jehovah' and refers to several individuals from the tribe of Levi in the Old Testament. This particular Mattithiah is noted for his role in worship and offerings, indicating a special status within the Levitical community.
As a proper noun, it is parsed as a masculine singular noun. The name carries significant meaning, reflecting the divine gift associated with his lineage and responsibilities.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
All translations agree on the key elements of the verse, consistently identifying Mattithiah as a Levite entrusted with baking the bread.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The finite verb in this verse is ה֥וּא, he, which serves as the subject of the sentence, linking Mattithiah's identity to his role. The structure includes several noun phrases and prepositional phrases that detail his lineage and responsibilities.
The sentence is built around the subject and predicate, with additional phrases providing context about Mattithiah's heritage and the specific task assigned to him.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
In the Septuagint, מַתִּתְיָה is rendered as ματταθιας, maintaining the meaning of 'gift of Jehovah.' This choice reflects a direct translation of the Hebrew name without significant alteration.
The Septuagint's consistency in translating this name indicates a recognition of its importance within the Levitical context.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
1 Chronicles 9:31 tells us that a Levite named Mattithiah was given the important task of baking the bread used in offerings. This highlights the role of Levites in the temple and their responsibilities in serving God.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
Mattithiah was a Levite, specifically the firstborn son of Shallum the Korahite, entrusted with baking the bread for offerings.
A Levite is a member of the tribe of Levi, set apart for religious duties and responsibilities in the temple.
Baking bread was an important responsibility in the temple, as it was used in various offerings and rituals, symbolizing sustenance and devotion to God.
The name Mattithiah means 'gift of Jehovah,' reflecting the divine favor and responsibility associated with his role.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What responsibilities do I have in my community that reflect my commitment to service?
- How can I ensure that I am faithful in the tasks entrusted to me, just as Mattithiah was?
- In what ways can I recognize and appreciate the contributions of those who serve in my community?
- What does it mean to me to be a 'gift of Jehovah' in my own life?
Commentators on this verse — 7 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on 1 Chronicles 9:31 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleAnd Mattithiah, one of the Levites, who was the firstborn of Shallum the Korahite,.... Of whom see 1 Chronicles 9:19, had the set office over the things that were made in the pans; the meat offerings
Read John Gill on 1 Chronicles 9 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryAnd Mattithiah, one of the Levites, who was the firstborn of Shallum the Korahite, had the set office over the things that were made in the pans.
Read Robert Jamieson on 1 Chronicles 9 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy Biblei.e. Was to take care that fine flour might be provided and kept safely and well, that when occasion required they might make cakes in pans to be offered to the Lord; of which See Poole "".
Read Matthew Poole on 1 Chronicles 9 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(31) The narrative returns to the functions of the Levites. “And Mattithiah, one of the Levites (he was the firstborn of Shallum the Korahite), was (or is) in fixed charge over the making of the pancakes.” Mattithiah . . . firstborn of Shallum the Korahite.—The son of Shallum, or Meshelemiah, is called Zechariah (1 Chronicles 26:2). If Zechariah was the chief branch of Shallum in the days of David, Mattithiah may have been so in the time of the chronicler or of his authority here. Had the set office.—In other words, the duty of baking the sacred cakes for the meat offerings was hereditary in this branch of the family of Shallum. Things that were made in the pans—i.e., “pancakes.” The Hebrew…
Read Charles John Ellicott on 1 Chronicles 9 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges31, 32. Other Levitical Duties 31. who was the firstborn of Shallum] In 1 Chronicles 26:2 the firstborn of Meshelemiah (= Shallum) is called Zechariah. Probably Mattithiah and Zechariah represent each a household belonging to an elder branch of the great family of Shallum. made in the pans] R.V. baked in pans. Cp. 1 Chronicles 23:29.
Read Cambridge on 1 Chronicles 9 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleMattithiah ... the first-born of Shallum the Korahite - This Shallum would seem to be the person mentioned in 1 Chronicles 9:19, whose actual first-born was Zechariah 1 Chronicles 26:2.
Read Albert Barnes on 1 Chronicles 9 →Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible31. Things that were made in the pans — The meat or bread offerings. See on Leviticus 2:4-7.
Read Daniel Denison Whedon on 1 Chronicles 9 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
A Levite named Mattithiah, the firstborn son of Shallum the Korahite, was entrusted with baking the bread.
Mattithiah, one of the Levites, who was the firstborn of Shallum the Korahite, had the office of trust over the things that were baked in pans.
A Levite named Mattithiah, the firstborn son of Shallum the Korahite, was entrusted with baking the bread.
Mattithiah, a Levite, the firstborn son of Shallum the Korahite, was in charge of baking the bread for offerings.
Tyndale line
And Mattithiah, one of the Levites, who was the firstborn of Shallum the Korahite, had the set office over the things that were made in the pans.
And Mattithiah, one of the Levites, who was the first-born of Shallum the Korahite, had the office of trust over the things that were baked in pans.
And Mattithiah, one of the Levites, who was the firstborn of Shallum the Korahite, had the set office over the things that were baked in pans.
And Mattithiah, one of the Levites, who was the first-born of Shallum the Korahite, had the set office over the things that were made in the pans.
And Mattithiah one of the Leuites which was the eldest sonne of Shallum the Korhite, had the charge of the things that were made in the frying panne.
Strictly literal
And Mattithiah of the Levites, who was the firstborn of Shallum the Korahite, was in trust over the things that were made in the pans.
And Mattithiah, of the Levites (he [is] the first-born to Shallum the Korahite), [is] in office over the work of the pans.
And Mattithiah of the Levites (he [is] the firstborn to Shallum the Korahite), [is] in office over the work of the pans.
And Matthithyah, one of the Levites, who was the first-born of Shallum the Korchite, had the trust over the meat-offerings that were baked in the pans.
Mattithiah, one of the Levites, who was the firstborn of Shallum the Korahite, was in charge of preparing bread for the offerings.
From the Latin
And Mathathias a Levite, the firstborn of Sellum the Corite, was overseer of such things as were fried in the fryingpan.
Simplified
Mattithiah, a Levite, who was the firstborn son of Shallum the Korahite, was given the responsibility of baking the bread used in offerings.
And Mattithiah, one of the Levites, the oldest son of Shallum the Korahite, was responsible for cooking the flat cakes.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint agree on the wording of this verse, with a complete match of all words. This consistency suggests a stable transmission of the text across these traditions.
וּמַתִּתְיָה֙ מִן־ הַלְוִיִּ֔ם ה֥וּא הַבְּכ֖וֹר לְשַׁלֻּ֣ם הַקָּרְחִ֑י בֶּאֱמוּנָ֕ה עַ֖ל מַעֲשֵׂ֥ה הַחֲבִתִּֽים׃
11 of the 11 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in 1 Chronicles 9:31
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
מַתִּתְיָ֫הוּ (Mattithyah) means 'gift of Jah' and refers to several individuals from the tribe of Levi in the Old Testament. Notably, he is associated with roles in worship and offerings, including a musician appointed by David and a figure present during Ezra's reading of the law. The name appears in various contexts, including 1 Chronicles and Ezra.
מַתִּתְיָ֫הוּ, מַתִּתְיָה n.pr.m.
a Levitical musician
Levitical name
attendant of Ezra
one of those who took strange wives
base
H4993 מַתִּתְיָ֫הוּ, מַתִּתְיָה
4993 Mattithyah mat-tith-yaw'
or Mattithyahuw {mat-tith-yaw'-hoo}; from 4991 and 3050; gift
of Jah; Mattithjah, the name of four Israelites:--
Mattithiah.
see HEBREW for 04991
see HEBREW for 03050
מַתִּתְיָ֫הוּ (mat.tit.yah) — Mattithiah.
A man of the tribe of Levi living at the time of Exile and Return, only mentioned at 1Ch.9.31;
son of: Shallum (H7967M)
§ Mattithiah = "gift of Jehovah"
1) a Levite who presided over the offerings
2) a Levite appointed by David to minister in the musical service before the ark
3) one of the family of Nebo who had a foreign wife in the time of Ezra
4) one of the men who stood at the right hand of Ezra when he read the law to the people
מַתִּתְיָ֫הוּ (mat.tit.yah) — Mattithiah.
A man of the tribe of Levi living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ch.15.18;
son of: Jeduthun (H3038);
brother of: Obed-edom (H5654), Gedaliah (H1436I), Zeri (H6874), Jeshaiah (H3470H), Hashabiah (H2811I)
§ Mattithiah = "gift of Jehovah"
1) a Levite who presided over the offerings
Conj | N-proper — Conjunction · noun proper masculineHC/Npm
mat-i-thi'-a (mattithyah, or mattithyahu, "gift of Yah"):
(1) The Mattithiah of Ne 8:4 (1st spelling) was one of those who stood at Ezra's right hand while he read the law (compare 1 Esdras 9:43). He may be the individual set over "things that were baked in pans" (1Ch 9:31).
(2) One of those appointed by David to minister before the ark, and to "celebrate and to thank and praise Yahweh, the God of Israel" (1Ch 16:4,5).
Mattithiah
Gift of Jehovah. (1.) One of the sons of Jeduthun (1 Chr. 25:3, 21).
(2.) The eldest son of Shallum, of the family of Korah (1 Chr. 9:31).
The Hebrew word מִן־ (*min*) is a preposition meaning 'from' or 'out of,' indicating separation or origin. It covers various uses, including temporal references, comparisons, and causal relationships. Additionally, it can denote a portion when used as a noun מֵן (*men*). The entries highlight its versatility in expressing different nuances of separation and position.
מִן־, and מִ, before יְ, prep. expressing the idea of separation, hence out of, from, on account of, off, on the side of, since, above, than, so that not
with verbs expressing (or implying) separation or removal
from, against
מן also, without a verb of similar significance, sometimes expresses the idea of separation, away from, far from
of position, off, on the side of, on
Out of, Gk. ἐκ, Lat. ex
Partitively
Of time—
as marking the terminus a quo, the anterior limit of a continuous period from, since
as marking the period immediately succeeding the limit after
towards, to
(וְעַד) עַד … מִן from … even to
In comparisons, beyond, above
מן is prefixed to an infin.:
with causal force, from, on account of, through
after verbs implying restraint, prevention, cessation, etc.
with a temporal force, since, after
Once as a conj. before a finite verb. that
In compounds:
base
H4480a מִן־, מִ, prep. expressing the idea of separation, hence out of, from, on account of, off, on the side of, since, above, than, so that not . with verbs expressing (or implying) separation or removal . from, against
. מן also, without a verb of similar significance, sometimes expresses the idea of separation, away from, far from
. of position, off, on the side of, on
. Out of, Gk. ἐκ, Lat. ex
. Partitively
. Of time— . as marking the terminus a quo, the anterior limit of a continuous period from, since
. as marking the period immediately succeeding the limit after
. towards, to
. (וְעַד) עַד … מִן from … even to
. In comparisons, beyond, above
. מן is prefixed to an infin.: . with causal force, from, on account of, through
. after verbs implying restraint, prevention, cessation, etc.
. with a temporal force, since, after
. Once as a conj. before a finite verb. that
4480 min min
or minniy {min-nee'}; or minney (constructive plural)
{min-nay'}; (Isaiah 30:11); for 4482; properly, a part of;
hence (prepositionally), from or out of in many senses (as
follows):--above, after, among, at, because of, by (reason
of), from (among), in, X neither, X nor, (out) of, over,
since, X then, through, X whether, with.
see HEBREW for 04482
מִן־ (min) — from.
prep
1) from, out of, on account of, off, on the side of, since, above, than, so that not, more than
1a) from (expressing separation), off, on the side of
1b) out of
1b1) (with verbs of proceeding, removing, expelling)
1b2) (of material from which something is made)
1b3) (of source or origin)
1c) out of, some of, from (partitively)
1d) from, since, after (of time)
1e) than, more than (in comparison)
1f) from...even to, both...and, either...or
1g) than, more than, too much for (in comparisons)
1h) from, on account of, through, because (with infinitive)
conj
2) that
Aramaic equivalent: min (מִן־ "from" H4481)
מֵן (men) — portion.
n.m.
portion
HR — PrepositionHR
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
לֵוִי (Leviy) refers to a Levite, a member of the tribe of Levi, which is the third son of Jacob and Leah. This term encompasses the descendants of Levi, who were set apart for religious duties. The word is linked to the Hebrew root for 'joining,' reflecting the tribe's special role in service to God. It first appears in Genesis 29:34.
לֵוִי 291 adj.gent. Levite
base
H3881 לֵוִי Levite
3881 Leviyiy lay-vee-ee'
or Leviy {lay-vee'}; patronymically from 3878; a Levite or
descendant of Levi:--Leviite.
see HEBREW for 03878
לֵוִי (le.viy.yi) — Levi.
Someone from the tribe of Levi living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.29.34;
son of: Israel (H3478) and Leah (H3812);
brother of: Reuben (H7205), Simeon (H8095), Judah (H3063), Issachar (H3485), Zebulun (H2074) and Dinah (H1783);
half-brother of: Dan (H1835H), Naphtali (H5321), Gad (H1410), Asher (H0836), Joseph (H3130) and Benjamin (H1144);
father of: Gershon (H1648), Kohath (H6955), Merari (H4847) and Jochebed (H3115)
Another name of le.vi (לֵוִי "Levi" H3878)
§ Levite, of Levi "joined to"
1) the descendants of Levi, the 3rd son of Jacob by Leah
1a) the tribe descended from Levi specially set aside by God for His service
Art | Ngmpa — Particle · noun gentilic masculine plural absoluteHTd/Ngmpa
le'-vits.
See PRIESTS AND LEVITES.
(descendants of Levi). Sometimes the name extends to the whole tribe, the priests included, (Exodus 6:25; Leviticus 25:32; Numbers 35:2; Joshua 21:3,41) etc; sometimes only to those members of the tribe who were not priests, and as distinguished from them. Sometimes again it is added as an epithet of the smaller portion of the tribe, and we read of "the priests the Levites." (Joshua 3:3; Ezekiel 44:15) The history of the tribe and of the functions attached to its several orders is essential to any right apprehension of the history of Israel as a people. It will fall…
All the descendants of Levi may be comprised under this name, Ex 6:16,25 Jos 3:3, (see LEVI;) but chiefly those who were employed in the lower services in the temple, by which they were distinguished from the priests, who were of the race of Levi by Aaron, and were employed in higher offices, Nu 3:6-10 18:2-7. God chose the Levites for the service of his tabernacle and temple, instead of the firstborn of all Israel, to whom such duties naturally belonged, and who were already sacred to God in memory of the great deliverance in Egypt. Ex 13:1-22 Nu 3:12,13,39-51. In the wilderness, the Levites took charge of the tabernacle…
→ (The descendants of Levi)
→ Set apart as ministers of religion Nu 1:47-54; 3:6-16; 16:9; 26:57-62; De 10:8; 1Ch 15:2
→ Substituted in the place of the firstborn children Nu 3:12,41-45; 8:14,16-18; 18:6
→ Religious zeal of Ex 32:26-28; De 33:9,10; Mal 2:4,5
→ Consecration of Nu 8:6-21
→ Sedition among, led by Korah, Dathan, Abiram, and On, on account of jealousy toward Moses and Aaron Nu 16; with 4:19,20
הוּא (hu) is a third-person singular pronoun meaning he, she, or it, used for emphasis or when no verb is present. It can also refer to oneself or serve as a demonstrative pronoun. The word has various nuances, including resuming the subject with emphasis or expressing it unobtrusively. It can indicate 'that' or 'those' when used with the definite article.
הוּא m. הִיא f., pron. of the 3rd ps. sing. he, she, used also (in both genders) for the neuter it
an emph. he (she, it, they), sometimes equivalent to himself (herself, itself, themselves), or (esp. with the art.) that (those)
It resumes the subj. with emph.
Where, however, the pron. follows the pred., its position gives it the minimum of emphasis, and it expresses (or resumes) the subject as unobtrusively as possible
It anticipates (as it seems) the subject
As an emph. predicate, of God
In a neuter sense, that, it (of an action, occurrence, matte, etc.)
With the art.: so regularly when joined to a subst. defined itself by the art.
base
H1931 הוּא, הִיא he, she, used also (in both genders) for the neuter it . an emph. he (she, it, they), sometimes equivalent to himself (herself, itself, themselves), or (esp. with the art.) that (those)
. It resumes the subj. with emph.
. Where, however, the pron. follows the pred., its position gives it the minimum of emphasis, and it expresses (or resumes) the subject as unobtrusively as possible
. It anticipates (as it seems) the subject
. As an emph. predicate, of God
. In a neuter sense, that, it (of an action, occurrence, matte, etc.)
. With the art.: so regularly when joined to a subst. defined itself by the art.
1931 huw' hoo
of which the feminine (beyond the Pentateuch) is hiyw {he}; a
primitive word, the third person pronoun singular, he (she or
it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also
(intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same;
sometimes (as demonstrative) this or that; occasionally
(instead of copula) as or are:--he, as for her, him(-self),
it, the same, she (herself), such, that (...it), these, they,
this, those, which (is), who.
הוּא (hu) — he/she/it.
pron 3p s
1) he, she, it
1a) himself (with emphasis)
1b) resuming subj with emphasis
1c) (with minimum emphasis following predicate)
1d) (anticipating subj)
1e) (emphasising predicate)
1f) that, it (neuter) demons pron
2) that (with article)
HPp3ms — PronounHPp3ms
ha: The fifth letter of the Hebrew alphabet; transliterated in this Encyclopedia as "h." It came also to be used for the number 5. For name, etc., see ALPHABET.
בְּכוֹר (bekor) means 'first-born' and can refer to both humans and animals. It denotes the eldest son or daughter and can also be used figuratively. The word is derived from a root that emphasizes the concept of being first or chief.
בְּכוֹר 122 n.m. first-born
men and women
animals
figurative
base
H1060 בְּכוֹר first-born
1060 bkowr bek-ore'
from 1069; firstborn; hence, chief:--eldest (son),
firstborn(-ling).
see HEBREW for 01069
בְּכוֹר (be.khor) — firstborn.
1) firstborn, firstling
1a) of men and women
1b) of animals
1c) noun of relation (fig.)
Art | N-ms — Particle · noun common masculine singular absoluteHTd/Ncmsa
Under the law, in memory of the exodus (when the first-born of the Egyptians were slain), the eldest son was regarded as devoted to God, and was in very case to be redeemed by an offering not exceeding five shekels, within one month from birth. If he died before the expiration of thirty days, the Jewish doctors held the father excused, but liable to the payment if he outlived that time. (Exodus 13:12-15,16; Leviticus 27:6) The eldest son received a double portion of the father’s inheritance, (21:17) but not of the mother’s. Under the monarchy the eldest son usually, but no always, as appears in the case of Solomon, succeeded his father in the kingdom. (1 Kings 1:30; 2:22) The male first-born of animals was also devoted to God.…
This phrase is not always to be understood literally; it is sometimes taken for the prime, most excellent, most distinguished of things, Ps 89:27 Ro 8:29 Heb 1:4-6. Thus Jesus Christ is "the firstborn of every creature," Col 1:15, inasmuch as he was the "Only begotten" of the Father before any creature was produced. He is "the firstborn from the dead," Col 1:18, because he is the beginning, and the author of the resurrection of all who die in faith.
After the destroying angel had slain the firstborn of the Egyptians, God ordained that all the Jewish firstborn, both of men and of beasts for service, should be consecrated to…
→ Of man and beast, reserved to himself by God Ex 13:2,12-16; 22:29,30; 34:19,20; Le 27:26; Nu 3:13; 8:17,18; De 15:19-23; Ne 10:36
→ Redemption of Ex 13:13; 34:20; Le 27:27; Nu 3:40-51; 18:15-17
→ Levites taken instead of firstborn of the families of Israel Nu 3:12,40-45; 8:16-18
שַׁלּוּם (Shalluwm) refers to a name associated with several figures in the Old Testament, including a king of Israel and a son of Josiah, king of Judah. The name is linked to various roles, such as a husband, uncle, and members of priestly and Levitical families. It is noted that Shallum means 'retribution' and is mentioned in contexts involving political intrigue and temple service.
שַׁלּוּם (less oft. שַׁלֻּם)
n.pr.m.king of N. Israel
son of Josiah, and king of Judah
husband of Huldah
uncle of Jeremiah
in Simeon
in Jerahmeel
in Ephr.
in Napht.
father of threshhold-keeper
wall-builder
priests
Levites
v
base
H7967 שַׁלּוּם (less oft. שַׁלֻּם) . king of N. Israel
. son of Josiah, and king of Judah
. husband of Huldah
. uncle of Jeremiah
. in Simeon
. in Jerahmeel
. in Ephr.
. in Napht.
. father of threshhold-keeper
. wall-builder
. priests
. Levites
. v
7967 Shalluwm shal-loom'
or (shorter) Shallum {shal-loom'}; the same as 7966; Shallum,
the name of fourteen Israelites:--Shallum.
see HEBREW for 07966
שַׁלּוּם (shal.lum) — Shallum.
A king of the Kingdom of Israel, living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Ki.15.10;
son of: Jabesh (H3003H)
§ Shallum = "retribution"
1) son of Jabesh, conspirator and slayer of king Zachariah of the northern kingdom of Israel ending the dynasty of Jehu; assumed the throne and became the 15th king of the northern kingdom; reigned for one month and was killed by Menahem
2) the 3rd son of king Josiah of Judah and subsequent king of Judah; reigned for 3 months before he was taken captive to Egypt where he was placed in chains and later died
2a) also 'Jehoahaz'
3) husband of Huldah the prophetess in the reign of king Josiah of Judah. Maybe the same as 4
4) uncle of Jeremiah the prophet. Maybe the same as 3
5) a Simeonite, son of Shaul and grandson of Simeon
6) a Judaite, son of Sisamai and father of Jekamiah in the family of Jerahmeel
Prep | N-proper — Preposition · noun proper masculineHR/Npm
Shallum
Retribution. (1.) The son of Jabesh, otherwise unknown. He “conspired against Zachariah, and smote him before the people, and slew him, and reigned in his stead” (2 Kings 15:10). He reigned only “a month of days in Samaria” (15:13, marg.). Menahem rose up against Shallum and put him to death (2 Kings 15:14, 15, 17), and became king in his stead.
(2.) Keeper of the temple vestments in the reign of Josiah (2 Kings 22:14).
(3.) One of the posterity of Judah (1 Chr. 2:40, 41).
(4.) A descendant of Simeon (1 Chr. 4:25).
(retribution). The fifteenth king of Israel, son of Jabesh, conspired against Zachariah, killed him, and brought the dynasty of Jehu to a close, B.C. 770. Shallum, after reigning in Samaria for a month only, was in his turn dethroned and killed by Menahem. (2 Kings 15:10-14) The husband of Huldah the prophetess, (2 Kings 22:14; 2 Chronicles 34:23) in the reign of Josiah. (B.C. 830.) A descendant of Shesham. (1 Chronicles 2:40,41) The third son of Josiah king of Judah, known in the books of Kings and Chronicles as Jehoahaz. (1 Chronicles 3:15; Jeremiah 22:11)…
1. Son of Jabesh, or a native of Jebesh, who treacherously killed Zechariah King of Israel and usurped his kingdom, B. C. 772. He held it only one month, when Menahem son of Gadi killed him in Samaria. Scripture says that Shallun was the executioner of the threatenings of the Lord against the house of Jehu, 2Ki 15:10-15.
2. See JEHOAHAZ 2.
3. The husband of Huldah the prophetess in the time of Josiah, 2Ki 22:14.
perfect; agreeable
קָרְחִי (Qorchiy) is an adjective meaning 'Korahite,' referring to descendants of Korah, a figure from the tribe of Levi. The term is derived from קֹרַח (Korah), and it identifies individuals associated with him, as noted in Exodus 6:21. The entries collectively emphasize its patronymic nature, linking it to the lineage of Korah.
קָרְחִי adj.gent. of קֹרַח
base
H7145 קָרְחִי adj. gent. of קֹרַח
7145 Qorchiy kor-khee'
patronymic from 7141; a Korchite (collectively) or
descendants of Korach:--Korahite, Korathite, sons of Kore,
Korhite.
see HEBREW for 07141
קׇרְחִי (qor.chi) — Korahite.
Someone descended from Korah who was a man of the tribe of Levi living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, first mentioned at Exo.6.21;
son of: Izhar (H3324);
brother of: Nepheg (H5298), Zichri (H2147) and Shelomith (H8019A);
father of: Assir (H0617), Elkanah (H0511) and Ebiasaph (H0043)
Group of qo.rach (קֹ֫רַח "Korah" H7141I)
§ Korahite = "one of Korah"
descendants of Korah the son of Levi
Art | Ngmsa — Particle · noun gentilic masculine singular absoluteHTd/Ngmsa
(1 Chronicles 9:19,31) Kor’-hite, or Kor’athite, that portion of the Kohathites who were descended from Korah. They were an important branch of the singers, (2 Chronicles 20:19) hence we find eleven psalms (or twelve, if Psal 43 is included under the same title as Psal 42, dedicated or assigned to the sons of Korah, viz., Psal 42,44-49,84,85,87,88,
The Hebrew word אֱמוּנָה (*emuwnah*) is built from the root of H529, indicating concepts of firmness and steadfastness. It encompasses meanings such as fidelity, trust, and stability. The entries consistently highlight its moral implications, particularly in relation to faithfulness.
אֱמוּנָה n.f. firmness, steadfastness, fidelity
lit. firmness, steadiness
steadfastness
faithfulness, trust
base
H530 אֱמוּנָה firmness, steadfastness, fidelity . lit. firmness, steadiness
. steadfastness
. faithfulness, trust
530 'emuwnah em-oo-naw'); or (shortened) >emunah {em-oo-naw'
feminine of 529; literally firmness; figuratively security;
morally fidelity:--faith(-ful, -ly, -ness, (man)), set
office, stability, steady, truly, truth, verily.
see HEBREW for 0529
אֱמוּנָה (e.mu.nah) — faithfulness.
firmness, fidelity, steadfastness, steadiness
Prep | N-fs — Preposition · noun common feminine singular absoluteHR/Ncfsa
An infinite attribute of Jehovah; adapted to make perfect both the confidence of those who believe his word and rely on his promises, and the despair of those who doubt his word and defy his threatenings, De 28:26 Nu 23:19 Ps 89:33-34 Heb 10:23.
→ EXHORTATION TO Ps 12:1; 31:23; Pr 20:6; 28:20; Mt 10:22; 24:45-47; 25:14-23; Lu 12:42-44; 16:10-12; 19:12-27; 1Co 4:2; Re 2:10
See OBEDIENCE, EXHORTATION TO
See PERSEVERANCE
See MINISTERS, FAITHFUL
See REPROOF, FAITHFULNESS IN
→ INSTANCES OF
Abraham Ga 3:9
Moses Heb 3:5
David 2Sa 22:22-25
Elijah 1Ki 19:10,14
The Hebrew word עַל (*al*) is a preposition meaning 'upon' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including 'on account of,' 'beside,' 'above,' and 'against.' It can indicate physical placement, emotional burdens, or duties imposed on a person. The entries also note its use in idiomatic expressions and with verbs of motion. There is a mention of its function as a conjunction in certain contexts.
כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as
base
עַל, עָ֑ל
subst. height
As prep. upon, and hence on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against
Upon, of the substratum upon which an object in any way rests, or on which an action is performed
—
of clothing, etc., which any one wears
With verbs of covering or protecting, even though the cover or veil be not over or above the thing covered, but around or before it
Of what rests heavily upon a person, or is a burden to him
Of a duty, payment, care, etc., imposed upon a person, or devolving on him
על is used idiom. to give pathos to the expression of an emotion, by emphasizing the person who is its subject, and who, as it were, feels it acting upon him
חָיָה עַל to live upon (as upon a foundation or support)
H5921a עַל, עָ֑ל . As prep. upon, and hence on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against . Upon, of the substratum upon which an object in any way rests, or on which an action is performed . — . of clothing, etc., which any one wears
. With verbs of covering or protecting, even though the cover or veil be not over or above the thing covered, but around or before it
. Of what rests heavily upon a person, or is a burden to him
. Of a duty, payment, care, etc., imposed upon a person, or devolving on him
. על is used idiom. to give pathos to the expression of an emotion, by emphasizing the person who is its subject, and who, as it were, feels it acting upon him
. חָיָה עַל to live upon (as upon a foundation or support)
5921 `al al
properly, the same as 5920 used as a preposition (in the
singular or plural often with prefix, or as conjunction with a
particle following); above, over, upon, or against (yet always
in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great
variety of applications (as follow):--above, according
to(-ly), after, (as) against, among, and, X as, at, because
of, beside (the rest of), between, beyond the time, X both
and, by (reason of), X had the charge of, concerning for, in
(that), (forth, out) of, (from) (off), (up-)on, over, than,
through(-out), to, touching, X with.
see HEBREW for 05920
עַל (al) — upon.
prep
1) upon, on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against
1a) upon, on the ground of, on the basis of, on account of, because of, therefore, on behalf of, for the sake of, for, with, in spite of, notwithstanding, concerning, in the matter of, as regards
1b) above, beyond, over (of excess)
1c) above, over (of elevation or pre-eminence)
1d) upon, to, over to, unto, in addition to, together with, with (of addition)
1e) over (of suspension or extension)
1f) by, adjoining, next, at, over, around (of contiguity or proximity)
1g) down upon, upon, on, from, up upon, up to, towards, over towards, to, against (with verbs of motion)
1h) to (as a dative)
[כִּי] עַל [כֵּן] ([ki] al [ken]) — as.
conj
Prep — PrepositionHR
מַעֲשֶׂה (ma`aseh) means deed or work, encompassing a range of actions from good to bad, and includes concepts like business, labor, and products made. It can refer to specific achievements, works of God, or even customs. The entries suggest a broad application in various contexts, but do not indicate any significant disagreement among lexicons.
מַעֲשֶׂה 233 n.m. deed, work
base
H4639 מַעֲשֶׂה deed, work
4639 ma`aseh mah-as-eh'
from 6213; an action (good or bad); generally, a transaction;
abstractly, activity; by implication, a product (specifically,
a poem) or (generally) property:--act, art, + bakemeat,
business, deed, do(-ing), labor, thing made, ware of making,
occupation, thing offered, operation, possession, X well,
((handy-, needle-, net-))work(ing, - manship), wrought.
see HEBREW for 06213
מַעֲשֶׂה (ma.a.seh) — deed: work.
: work/product
1) deed, work
1a) deed, thing done, act
1b) work, labour
1c) business, pursuit
1d) undertaking, enterprise
1e) achievement
1f) deeds, works (of deliverance and judgment)
1g) work, thing made
1h) work (of God)
1i) product
מַעֲשֶׂה (ma.a.seh) — deed: justice.
: justice/right/righteousness
1) deed, work
1a) deed, thing done, act
1b) work, labour
1c) business, pursuit
1d) undertaking, enterprise
1e) achievement
1f) deeds, works (of deliverance and judgment)
1g) work, thing made
1h) work (of God)
1i) product
מַעֲשֶׂה (ma.a.seh) — deed: judgement.
: judgement/punishment
1) deed, work
1a) deed, thing done, act
1b) work, labour
1c) business, pursuit
1d) undertaking, enterprise
1e) achievement
1f) deeds, works (of deliverance and judgment)
1g) work, thing made
1h) work (of God)
1i) product
מַעֲשֶׂה (ma.a.seh) — deed: custom.
: custom/manner
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular constructHNcmsc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
חֲבִתִּים (chabeth) refers to a type of flatbread or cakes, likely fried, derived from a root meaning to cook. It appears in 1 Chronicles 9:31, and the entries consistently describe it as flat cakes or bread wafers.
חֲבִתִּים n.[m.]pl. some kind of flat cakes, or bread-wafers, only 1 Ch 9:31.
ref
H2281 חֲבִתִּים, חָבֵת
2281 chabeth khaw-bayth'
from an unused root probably meaning to cook (compare 4227);
something fried, probably a griddle-cake:--pan.
see HEBREW for 04227
חֲבִתִּים (cha.vet) — flatbread.
flat cakes, bread wafers
Art | N-mp — Particle · noun common masculine plural absoluteHTd/Ncmpa