1 Chronicles 1:17 — Word Study
WLCבְּנֵ֣י שֵׁ֔ם עֵילָ֣ם וְאַשּׁ֔וּר וְאַרְפַּכְשַׁ֖ד וְל֣וּד וַאֲרָ֑ם וְע֥וּץ וְח֖וּל וְגֶ֥תֶר וָמֶֽשֶׁךְ׃ ס
BSAThe sonsbên [descendants, offspring] of ShemShêm [Noah's eldest son, father of the Semitic tribes] ElamʻÊylâm [a region and its people] AsshurʼAshshûwr [the ancestor of the Assyrians] ArphaxadʼArpakshad [a son of Shem and ancestor of a region] LudLûwd [the ancestor of the Lydians] and Aram. <p class=|list2|>[The sons of Aram:]ʼĂrâm [a region, also known as Syria, children, descendants] UzʻÛwts [a region east of Palestine] HulChûwl [meaning'circle'] GetherGether [meaning'fear'] and MeshechMeshek [a son of Aram]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| בְּנֵ֣י | [the] sons of | Noun common, masculine plural construct |
| שֵׁ֔ם | Shem | Noun proper masculine |
| עֵילָ֣ם | Elam | Noun proper masculine |
| וְאַשּׁ֔וּר | and Asshur | Conjunction, noun proper masculine |
| וְאַרְפַּכְשַׁ֖ד | and Arphaxad | Conjunction, noun proper masculine |
| וְל֣וּד | and Lud | Conjunction, noun proper masculine |
| וַאֲרָ֑ם | and Aram | Conjunction, noun proper masculine |
| וְע֥וּץ | and Uz | Conjunction, noun proper masculine |
| וְח֖וּל | and Hul | Conjunction, noun proper masculine |
| וְגֶ֥תֶר | and Gether | Conjunction, noun proper masculine |
| וָמֶֽשֶׁךְ׃ ס | and Meshech | Conjunction, noun proper masculine |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | The sons of Shem: Elam, Asshur, Arphaxad, Lud, and Aram. The sons of Aram: Uz, Hul, Gether, and Meshech. |
| KJV | ¶ The sons of Shem; Elam, and Asshur, and Arphaxad, and Lud, and Aram, and Uz, and Hul, and Gether, and Meshech. |
| ASV | The sons of Shem: Elam, and Asshur, and Arpachshad, and Lud, and Aram, and Uz, and Hul, and Gether, and Meshech. |
| YLT | Sons of Shem: Elam and Asshur, and Arphaxad, and Lud, and Aram, and Uz, and Hul, and Gether, and Meshech. |
| WEB | The sons of Shem: Elam, Asshur, Arpachshad, Lud, Aram, Uz, Hul, Gether, and Meshech. |
| BBE | The sons of Shem: Elam and Asshur and Arpachshad and Lud and Aram and Uz and Hul and Gether and Meshech. |
The translations agree on the rendering of בְּנֵי as the sons of.
The sentence contains two main clauses, each followed by lists of descendants, clearly delineating the lineage.
5 commentators on this verse
Jamieson, Poole, Ellicott, Cambridge & more — read them ›
clause
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — 1 Chronicles 1:17
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Genealogy of Shemgenerated
1 Chronicles 1:17 provides a genealogy that connects the descendants of Shem, one of Noah's sons, to various nations and peoples. This lineage is significant for understanding the origins of different tribes and their historical contexts. The names listed here, including Elam, Asshur, Arphaxad, Lud, and Aram, reflect the diverse heritage stemming from Shem, which is foundational to the biblical narrative.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Genesis 10:22–32 | The sons of Shem: Elam, Asshur, Arphaxad, Lud, and Aram. |
| 2 | Genesis 11:10 | This is the account of Shem. Two years after the flood, when Shem was 100 years old, he became the father of Arphaxad. |
| 3 | Genesis 14:1 | In those days Amraphel king of Shinar, Arioch king of Ellasar, Chedorlaomer king of Elam, and Tidal king of Goiim |
| 4 | Isaiah 11:11 | On that day the Lord will extend His hand a second time to recover the remnant of His people from Assyria, from Egypt, from Pathros, from Cush, from Elam, from Shinar, from Hamath, and from the islands of the sea. |
| 5 | Isaiah 21:2 | A dire vision is declared to me: “The traitor still betrays, and the destroyer still destroys. Go up, O Elam! Lay siege, O Media! I will put an end to all her groaning.” |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 19 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — בְּנֵי, be.Neigenerated
The word בְּנֵי (be.Nei) means 'sons' or 'descendants'. It is a masculine plural noun derived from the root בֵּן (ben), which signifies a son or child, and can also refer to broader familial relationships, including grandsons or entire nations.
In this verse, it indicates the lineage of Shem, emphasizing the familial connections that are crucial in biblical genealogies. The use of this term highlights the importance of heritage and ancestry in the context of the Israelite identity.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
The translations generally agree in rendering בְּנֵי as the sons of, maintaining the genealogical structure of the verse.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The structure of the verse is straightforward, with a main subject בְּנֵי (the sons of) leading into a list of names that serve as the predicate. This format emphasizes the lineage clearly.
The noun phrases following the subject detail the descendants, maintaining a clear and direct genealogical flow.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates בְּנֵי as υἱοὶ (huioi), meaning 'sons'. This choice aligns closely with the Hebrew meaning, preserving the familial context.
The consistency between the Hebrew and Greek terms underscores the importance of lineage in both traditions.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
1 Chronicles 1:17 lists the sons of Shem and their descendants, showing the connections between these early nations. The names Elam, Asshur, Arphaxad, Lud, and Aram are mentioned, along with the sons of Aram: Uz, Hul, Gether, and Meshech.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
The sons of Shem listed here are Elam, Asshur, Arphaxad, Lud, and Aram, each of whom is associated with various nations.
These names represent the ancestors of several important tribes and regions in the ancient Near East, highlighting the genealogical heritage of the Israelites.
The descendants of Aram include Uz, Hul, Gether, and Meshech, who are also linked to various historical and geographical contexts in the Bible.
This genealogy connects to other narratives in the Bible that discuss the origins of nations and the relationships between different peoples, such as in Genesis 10.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What can we learn about our own heritage and family connections from this verse?
- How do genealogies in the Bible help us understand the history of the Israelites?
- In what ways do the names listed here reflect the cultures and regions they represent?
- How can understanding these genealogies deepen our appreciation for biblical narratives?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Early commentators have noted the significance of the regions and peoples mentioned in this verse, emphasizing their historical context and connections.
These people occupy the part of Asia from the river Euphrates to the Indian Ocean. Moreover, Elam is the one from whom the Elamite princes of Persia come. It has already been remarked before about Assur that he founded the city of Ninus.Early Church Fathers on 1 Chronicles 1 →
Commentators on this verse — 5 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on 1 Chronicles 1:17 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryThe sons of Shem; Elam, and Asshur, and Arphaxad, and Lud, and Aram, and Uz, and Hul, and Gether, and Meshech. Uz, and Hul, and Gether, and Meshech - or Mash: these were the children of Aram, and grandsons of Shem (Genesis 10:23).
Read Robert Jamieson on 1 Chronicles 1 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleThe sons of Shem; either the name of sons is so taken here as to include grandsons, who are called sons, ; or, these words, the children of Aram, are understood and inserted before Uz, out of , where they are expressed.
Read Matthew Poole on 1 Chronicles 1 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English ReadersTHE SONS OF SHEM, OR THE SEMITES (1 Chronicles 1:17-23). (17) Blam.—The Elamtum of the Assyrian inscription, the classic Susiana, a mountainous land eastward of Babylonia, to which it was subject in the days of Abraham (Genesis 14). The names Assurϋ, Elamϋ, Kassϋ, and Accadϋ occur together in an old Assyrian list of nations. Κlama, from which the Assyrian and Hebrew names are derived, is Accadian. The native designation was Ansan. The Sargonide kings of Assyria had frequent wars with Elam. Asshur.—Assyria proper, i.e., a district on the Tigris, about twenty-five miles long, between the thirty-sixth and thirty-seventh parallels of latitude. Asshur was the name of its older capital and…
Read Charles John Ellicott on 1 Chronicles 1 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges17 (= Genesis 10:22-23). The Sons of Shem 17. The sons of Shem] These occupied the middle geographical “zone.” Elam] “Semites neither in blood nor in speech” (Sayce, Higher Criticism, p. 122). If this be so, the reason of their being reckoned to Shem must be that they were in the geographical zone which belonged to the Semites. Asshur] The Assyrians, who spoke a Semitic dialect and were doubtless Semites. Arphaxad] R.V. Arpachshad. The second half of the word (“chshad”) contains the name of the Casdim, the “Chaldeans” or “Chaldees” of the A.V. Lud] Perhaps the Lydians. In 1 Chronicles 1:11, which is an extract from an earlier document (“J”), Ludim (“the Lydians”) are reckoned as the…
Read Cambridge on 1 Chronicles 1 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleThe sons of Shem - i. e., descendants. Uz, Hul, Gether, and Meshech (or Mash), are stated to have been “sons of Aram” Genesis 10:23.
Read Albert Barnes on 1 Chronicles 1 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
The sons of Shem: Elam, Asshur, Arphaxad, Lud, and Aram. The sons of Aram: Uz, Hul, Gether, and Meshech.
The sons of Shem: Elam, Asshur, Arpachshad, Lud, Aram, Uz, Hul, Gether, and Meshech.
The sons of Shem: Elam, Asshur, Arphaxad, Lud, and Aram. The sons of Aram: Uz, Hul, Gether, and Meshech.
The sons of Shem: Elam, Asshur, Arphaxad, Lud, and Aram. The sons of Aram: Uz, Hul, Gether, and Meshech.
Tyndale line
¶ The sons of Shem; Elam, and Asshur, and Arphaxad, and Lud, and Aram, and Uz, and Hul, and Gether, and Meshech.
The sons of Shem: Elam, and Asshur, and Arpachshad, and Lud, and Aram, and Uz, and Hul, and Gether, and Meshech.
The sons of Shem; Elam, and Asshur, and Arpachshad, and Lud, and Aram, and Uz, and Hul, and Gether., and Meshech.
The sons of Shem; Elam, and Asshur, and Arphaxad, and Lud, and Aram, and Uz, and Hul, and Gether, and Meshech.
The sonnes of Shem were Elam and Asshur, and Arpachshad, and Lud, and Aram, and Vz, and Hul, and Gether, and Meshech.
Strictly literal
The sons of Shem: Elam, and Asshur, and Arphaxad, and Lud, and Aram, and Uz, and Hul, and Gether, and Meshech.
Sons of Shem: Elam and Asshur, and Arphaxad, and Lud, and Aram, and Uz, and Hul, and Gether, and Meshech.
Sons of Shem: Elam and Asshur, and Arphaxad, and Lud, and Aram, and Uz, and Hul, and Gether, and Meshech.
The sons of Shem: 'Elam, and Asshur, and Arpachshad, and Lud, and Aram, and 'Uz, and Chul, and Gether, and Meshech.
The sons of Shem were Elam, Ashur, Arphaxad, Lud, Aram, Uz, Hul, Gether, and Meshek.
From the Latin
The sons of Sem: Elam and Asur, and Arphaxad, and Lud, and Aram, and Hus, and Hul, and Gether, and Mosoch.
Simplified
The sons of Shem: Elam, Asshur, Arphaxad, Lud, and Aram. The sons of Aram: Uz, Hul, Gether, and Meshech.
The sons of Shem: Elam and Asshur and Arpachshad and Lud and Aram and Uz and Hul and Gether and Meshech.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint agree on the wording of this verse, with all eleven words matched. This indicates a strong textual consistency between these ancient witnesses.
בְּנֵ֣י שֵׁ֔ם עֵילָ֣ם וְאַשּׁ֔וּר וְאַרְפַּכְשַׁ֖ד וְל֣וּד וַאֲרָ֑ם וְע֥וּץ וְח֖וּל וְגֶ֥תֶר וָמֶֽשֶׁךְ׃ ס
11 of the 11 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in 1 Chronicles 1:17
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
בֵּן (ben) means 'son' or 'male child' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including descendants, young animals, and even figurative uses like sparks or arrows. It can refer to members of a tribe or class and is used in various contexts throughout the Old Testament, such as in 1 Chronicles 24:26. The word is derived from a root meaning 'to build' and implies a connection to family or lineage.
בֵּן 4870 n.m. son
son, male child, born of a woman
children (male and female)
youth, young men
the young of animals
of plant shoots
fig. of lifeless things, sparks, stars, arrows
member of a guild, order or class
of animals son of (the) herd
ב׳ as n. relat. followed by word of quality, characteristic, etc.
n. relat. of age
base
בְּנוֹ 1 Ch 24:26, 27 as n.pr.m. in AV, RV, but render: the sons of Jaaziah his son, & the sons of Merari by Jaaziah his son, cf. VB & Be Öt.
done
H1121a בֵּן son . son, male child, born of a woman
. children (male and female)
. youth, young men
. the young of animals
. of plant shoots
. fig. of lifeless things, sparks, stars, arrows
. . member of a guild, order or class
. of animals son of (the) herd
. ב׳ as n. relat. followed by word of quality, characteristic, etc.
. n. relat. of age
H1121b בְּנוֹ as n. pr. m. in AV, RV, but render: the sons of Jaaziah his son, & the sons of Merari by Jaaziah his son
1121 ben bane
from 1129; a son (as a builder of the family name), in the
widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship,
including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition,
etc., (like 1, 251, etc.)):--+ afflicted, age, (Ahoh-)
(Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-)ite, (anoint-)ed one, appointed to,
(+) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-)ian, one born,
bough, branch, breed, + (young) bullock, + (young) calf, X
came up in, child, colt, X common, X corn, daughter, X of
first, + firstborn, foal, + very fruitful, + postage, X in, +
kid, + lamb, (+) man, meet, + mighty, + nephew, old, (+)
people, + rebel, + robber, X servant born, X soldier, son, +
spark, + steward, + stranger, X surely, them of, + tumultuous
one, + valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth.
see HEBREW for 01129
see HEBREW for 01
see HEBREW for 0251
בֵּן (ben) — son: child.
: child/son
בְּנוֹ (be.no) — Beno.
A man of the tribe of Levi living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ch.24.26;
son of: Jaaziah (H3269);
brother of: Shoham (H7719), Zaccur (H2139I) and Ibri (H5681)
§ Beno = "his son"
the sons of Jaaziah and the sons of Merari by Jaahziah (his son)
בֵּן (ben) — son: descendant/people.
: descendant, people, tribe, nation
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
§ : child/son
בֵּן (ben) — son: young animal.
: calf/lamb/young(ANIMAL)
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
§ : descendant
בֵּן (ben) — son: type of.
: rebel/son(Belial)
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
§ : people/men/nation/tribe
בֵּן (ben) — son.
: [inheriting]son/heir
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
בֵּן (ben) — son: warrior.
: warrior/son(strong)
N-mp — Noun common · masculine plural constructHNcmpc
See SON, SONS.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
שֵׁם (shem) refers to Shem, the first son of Noah, and is associated with his descendants, the Semitic tribes. The word also means 'name' in Hebrew. It appears in the context of the genealogies in Genesis, specifically noted in Genesis 5:32.
שֵׁם n.pr.m. first son of Noah
base
H8035 שֵׁם first son of Noah
8035 Shem shame
the same as 8034; name; Shem, a son of Noah (often includ.
his posterity):--Sem, Shem.
see HEBREW for 08034
שֵׁם (shem) — Shem.
A man living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.5.32;
son of: Noah (H5146);
brother of: Ham (H2526) and Japheth (H3315);
father of: Asshur (H0804H), Elam (H5867C), Arpachshad (H0775), Lud (H3865) and Aram (H0758)
Also named: Sēm (Σήμ "Shem" G4590)
§ Shem = "name"
the eldest son of Noah and progenitor of the Semitic tribes
N-proper — Noun proper masculineHNpm
shem (shem; Sem):
1. Position in Noah's Family: His Name:
The eldest son of Noah, from whom the Jews, as well as the Semitic ("Shemitic") nations in general have descended. When giving the names of Noah's three sons, Shem is always mentioned first (Ge 9:18; 10:1, etc.); and though "the elder" in "Shem the brother of Japheth the elder" (Ge 10:21 margin) is explained as referring to Shem, this is not the rendering of Onkelos. His five sons peopled the greater part of West Asia's finest tracts, from Elam on the East to the Mediterranean on the West. Though generally regarded as meaning "dusky" (compare the Assyr-Babylonian samu--also Ham--possibly = "black," Japheth, "fair"), it is considered possible that Shem may be the usual Hebrew word for "name" (shem), given him because he was…
Shem
A name; renown, the first mentioned of the sons of Noah (Gen. 5:32; 6:10). He was probably the eldest of Noah’s sons. The words “brother of Japheth the elder” in Gen. 10:21 are more correctly rendered “the elder brother of Japheth,” as in the Revised Version. Shem’s name is generally mentioned first in the list of Noah’s sons. He and his wife were saved in the ark (7:13). Noah foretold his preeminence over Canaan (9:23-27). He died at the age of six hundred years, having been for many years contemporary with Abraham, according to the usual chronology. The Israelitish nation sprang from him (Gen. 11:10-26; 1 Chr. 1:24-27).
(name), the eldest son of Noah. (Genesis 5:32) He was 98 years old, married, and childless at the time of the flood. After it, he, with his father, brothers, sisters-in-law and wife, received the blessing of God, (Genesis 9:1) and entered into the covenant. With the help of his brother Japheth, he covered the nakedness of their father and received the first blessing. (Genesis 9:25-27) He died at the age of 630 years. The portion of the earth occupied by the descendants of Shem, (Genesis 10:21,31) begins at its northwestern extremity with Lydia, and includes Syria (Aram), Chaldaea (Arphaxad), parts Of Assyria (Asshur), of Persia (Elam), and of the Arabian peninsula (Joktan).…
A son of Noah, Ge 5:32 6:10, always named before Ham and Japheth, as the eldest son; or, as some think, because he was the forefather of the Hebrews. In Ge 10:21, the word elder may be applied to Shem, instead of Japheth. He received a blessing from his dying father, Ge 9:26, and of his line the Messiah was born. He had five sons, and their posterity occupied the central regions between Ham and Japheth, and peopled the finest provinces of the East. The languages of some of these nations are still called the Shemitic languages, including the Hebrew, Chalee, Syriac, Arabic, Ethiopic, etc.; but in this general class are found several languages spoken by nations descended from Ham.
The Hebrew word עֵילָם (*Eylam*) refers primarily to Elam, a region and its people, descendants of Shem. It encompasses various individuals, including heads of families among the exiles, a chief in Benjamin, and a Levite. The term is linked to the concept of 'eternity' and appears in contexts related to the Exile and Return, as well as genealogies from the time of the Patriarchs.
עֵילָם n.pr.gent. et terr. Elam
base
עֵילָם n.pr.m.
heads of families of returned exiles
a chief of people
name in Benjamin
Levite name
a priest
base
H5867a עֵילָם n. pr. gent. et terr. Elam H5867b עֵילָם . heads of families of returned exiles
. a chief of people
. name in Benjamin
. Levite name
. a priest
5867 `Eylam ay-lawm'
or mOwlam (Ezra 10:2; Jeremiah 49:36) {o-lawm'}; probably
from 5956; hidden, i.e. distant; Elam, a son of Shem and his
descendants, with their country; also of six
Israelites:--Elam.
see HEBREW for 05956
עֵילָם (e.lam) — Elam.
§ Elam = "eternity"
a province east of Babylon and northeast of the lower Tigris
עֵילָם (e.lam) — Elam.
A man living at the time of Exile and Return, first mentioned at Ezr.2.7
§ Elam = "eternity"
1) a Korhite Levite in the time of David
2) a chief man of the tribe of Benjamin
3) ancestor of a family of exiles who returned with Zerubbabel
4) a chief of the people who signed the covenant with Nehemiah
5) another ancestor of another family of exiles who returned with Zerubbabel
6) a priest who assisted at the dedication of the wall of Jerusalem in the time of Nehemiah
7) another head of a family of returning exiles
עֵילָם (e.lam) — Elam.
A man living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.10.22;
son of: Shem (H8035);
brother of: Asshur (H0804H), Arpachshad (H0775), Lud (H3865) and Aram (H0758)
§ Elam = "eternity"
N-proper — Noun proper masculineHNpm
Elam
Highland, the son of Shem (Gen. 10:22), and the name of the country inhabited by his descendants (14:1, 9; Isa. 11:11; 21:2, etc.) lying to the east of Babylonia, and extending to the shore of the Mediterranean, a distance in a direct line of about 1,000 miles. The name Elam is an Assyrian word meaning “high.”
“The inhabitants of Elam, or ‘the Highlands,’ to the east of Babylon, were called Elamites. They were divided into several branches, speaking different dialects of the same agglutinative language. The race to which they belonged was brachycephalic, or short-headed, like the pre-Semitic Sumerians of Babylonia.
“The earliest Elamite kingdom seems to have been that of Anzan, the exact site of which is uncertain; but in the time of Abraham, Shushan or Susa appears…
(eternity). This seems to have been originally the name of a man, the son of Shem. (Genesis 10:22; 1 Chronicles 1:17) Commonly, however, it is used as the appellation of a country. (Genesis 14:1,9; Isaiah 11:11; 21:2) The Elam of Scripture appears to be the province lying south of Assyria and east of Persia proper, to which Herodotus gives the name of Cissia (iii. 91, v. 49, etc.), and which is termed Susis or Susiana by the geographers. Its capital was Susa. This country was originally people by descendants of Shem. By the time of Abraham a very important power had been built up in the same region. It is plain that at this early time the predominant power in lower Mesopotamia was Elam, which for a while held the place…
1. The region afterwards called Persia, Ge 14:1. It was called Elam after a son of Shem, Ge 10:22. It corresponded to the Elymais of Greek and Roman writers, which comprehended a part of Susiana, now Khusistan or more probably included the whole of Susiana. The city Susa, or Shushan, was in it, Da 8:2. See also Ac 2:9.
אַשּׁוּר (Ashshuwr) refers to Assyria, the ancient empire and its people, as well as Asshur, the second son of Shem. The term encompasses the region, the nation, and the descendants of Asshur. It is linked to the notion of success and is first mentioned in Genesis 10:22.
אַשּׁוּר n.pr.gent. & terr. Asshur, Assyria
base
H804 אַשּׁוּר Asshur, Assyria
804 'Ashshuwr ash-shoor'
or iAshshur {ash-shoor'}; apparently from 833 (in the sense
of successful); Ashshur, the second son of Shem; also his
descendants and the country occupied by them (i.e. Assyria),
its region and its empire:--Asshur, Assur, Assyria,
Assyrians. See 838.
see HEBREW for 0833
see HEBREW for 0838
אַשּׁוּר (ash.shur) — Assyria.
§ Asshur or Assyria = "a step"
the nation, Assyria
the land, Assyria or Asshur
אַשּׁוּר (ash.shur) — Asshur.
A man living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.10.22;
son of: Shem (H8035);
brother of: Elam (H5867C), Arpachshad (H0775), Lud (H3865) and Aram (H0758)
§ Asshur or Assyria = "a step"
1) the second son of Shem, eponymous ancestor of the Assyrians
2) the people of Assyria
3) the nation, Assyria
4) the land, Assyria or Asshur
Conj | N-proper — Conjunction · noun proper masculineHC/Npm
Asshur
Second son of Shem (Gen. 10:22; 1 Chr. 1:17). He went from the land of Shinar and built Nineveh, etc. (Gen. 10:11,12). He probably gave his name to Assyria, which is the usual translation of the word, although the form Asshur is sometimes retained (Num. 24:22, 24; Ezek. 27:23, etc.). In Gen. 2:14 “Assyria” ought to be “Asshur,” which was the original capital of Assyria, a city represented by the mounds of Kalah Sherghat, on the west bank of the Tigris. This city was founded by Bel-kap-kapu about B.C. 1700. At a later date the capital was shifted to Ninua, or…
second son of Shem, (Genesis 10:22) also the Hebrew form for Assyria. [ASSYRIA, ASSHUR]
אַרְפַּכְשַׁד (Arpakshad) is the name of a biblical figure, specifically the third son of Shem, mentioned in Genesis 10:22. He is also referred to as Arphaxad in some contexts, including the New Testament. The name may have foreign origins and is associated with a region settled by him.
אַרְפַּכְשַׁד n.pr.m. 3rd son of Shem
base
H775 אַרְפַּכְשַׁד 3rd son of Shem
775 'Arpakshad ar-pak-shad'
probably of foreign origin; Arpakshad, a son of Noah; also
the region settled by him:--Arphaxad.
אַרְפַּכְשַׁד (ar.pakh.shad) — Arpachshad.
A man living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.10.22;
son of: Shem (H8035);
brother of: Asshur (H0804H), Elam (H5867C), Lud (H3865) and Aram (H0758);
father of: Cainan (G2536); also called Arphaxad at Luk.3.36;
Also named: Arphaxad (Ἀρφαξάδ "Arphaxad" G0742)
§ Arphaxad = "I shall fail as the breast: he cursed the breast-bottle"
third son of Shem
Conj | N-proper — Conjunction · noun proper masculineHC/Npm
Arphaxad
Son of Shem, born the year after the Deluge. He died at the age of 438 years (Gen. 11:10-13; 1 Chr. 1:17, 18; Luke 3:36). He dwelt in Mesopotamia, and became, according to the Jewish historian Josephus, the progenitor of the Chaldeans. The tendency is to recognize in the word the name of the country nearest the ancient domain of the Chaldeans. Some regard the word as an Egypticized form of the territorial name of Ur Kasdim, or Ur of the Chaldees.
(stronghold of the Chaldees). The son of Shem and ancestor of Eber. (Genesis 10:22,24; 11:10) Arphaxad, a king "who reigned over the Medes in Ecbatana," Judith 1:1-4; perhaps the same as Phraortes, who fell in a battle with the Assyrians, 633 B.C.
A son of Shem, two years after the flood, Ge 10:22; 11:10. Seven generations followed him before Abraham, while he lived till after the settlement of Abraham in the land of promise and the rescue of Lot from the four kings. He died A. M. 2096, aged four hundred and thirty-eight.
לוּד (lud) refers to Lud, a name associated with a people in northeastern Africa and also linked to Lydia. It is mentioned in the context of the genealogies in Genesis, where Lud is identified as a son of Shem and a progenitor of the Lydians. The name may signify 'strife'.
לוּד, לוּדִים n.pr.m. et gent.
Lud, Lydia
appar. a people in NE. Africa
base
H3865 לוּד, לוּדִים . Lud, Lydia
. appar. a people in NE. Africa
3865 Luwd lood
probably of foreign derivation; Lud, the name of two
nations:--Lud, Lydia.
לוּד (lud) — Lud.
A man living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.10.22;
son of: Shem (H8035);
brother of: Asshur (H0804H), Elam (H5867C), Arpachshad (H0775) and Aram (H0758)
Also named: lu.di (לוּדִי "Lydian" H3866H)
§ Lud or Lydia = "strife"
1) the 4th listed son of Shem and supposed progenitor of the Lydians
n patr
2) descendants of Lud the son of Shem who settled in northern Africa
Conj | N-proper — Conjunction · noun proper masculineHC/Npm
Lud
(1.) The fourth son of Shem (Gen. 10:22; 1 Chr. 1:17), ancestor of the Lydians probably.
(2.) One of the Hamitic tribes descended from Mizraim (Gen. 10:13), a people of Africa (Ezek. 27:10; 30:5), on the west of Egypt. The people called Lud were noted archers (Isa. 66:19; comp. Jer. 46:9).
(strife) the fourth name in the list of the children of Shem, (Genesis 10:22) comp. 1Chr 1:17 Supposed to have been the ancestor of the Lydians.
A son of Shem, Ge 10:22, and ancestor, it is thought, of the Lydians in Asia Minor.
Ludim, same as Lod
אֲרָם (Aram) refers to both a person and a region. It denotes the fifth son of Shem, a grandson of Nahor, and a descendant of Asher. The term also encompasses the Aramean people and their territory, primarily in Mesopotamia and northern Syria. The word is often associated with the meaning 'exalted' and appears in various contexts, including references to the land of Mesopotamia.
אֲרָם n.pr.m. Aram
5th son of Shem
grandson of Nahor
a descendant of Asher
—Elsewhere only of Aramæan people & land (= 1 supr.)
people, sg. coll. = the Aramæans, a leading branch of the Shemitic stock inhabiting Mesopotamia & northern Syria, in many tribes & settlements
less often clearly of land; also of particular divisions of territory א׳ נַהֲרַיִם ‘Mesopotamia,’ i.e. prob. land between Euphrates & Chaboras; cf. פַּדַּן א׳ Paddan-Aram
often indeterminate
base
H758 אֲרָם Aram . 5th son of Shem
. grandson of Nahor
. a descendant of Asher
—Elsewhere only of Aramæan people & land (= 1 supr.) . people, sg. coll. = the Aramæans, a leading branch of the Shemitic stock inhabiting Mesopotamia & northern Syria, in many tribes & settlements
. less often clearly of land; also of particular divisions of territory א׳ נַהֲרַיִם ‘Mesopotamia,’ i.e. prob. land between Euphrates & Chaboras; cf. פַּדַּן א׳ Paddan-Aram
. often indeterminate
758 'Aram arawm'
from the same as 759; the highland; Aram or Syria, and its
inhabitants; also the name of the son of Shem, a grandson of
Nahor, and of an Israelite:--Aram, Mesopotamia, Syria,
Syrians.
see HEBREW for 0759
אֲרָם (a.ram) — Aram.
A man living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.10.22;
son of: Shem (H8035);
brother of: Asshur (H0804H), Elam (H5867C), Arpachshad (H0775) and Lud (H3865);
father of: Uz (H5780), Hul (H2343), Gether (H1666) and Mash (H4851)
§ Aram or Arameans = "exalted"
1) Aram or Syrian nation
2) the Syrian or Aramean people
Aram = "exalted"
n m
3) fifth son of Shem
4) a grandson of Nahor
5) a descendant of Asher
אֲרָם (a.ram) — Aram.
A man living at the time of the Patriarchs, only mentioned at Gen.22.21;
son of: Kemuel (H7055)
§ Aram or Arameans = "exalted"
1) Aram or Syrian nation
2) the Syrian or Aramean people
Aram = "exalted"
n m
3) fifth son of Shem
4) a grandson of Nahor
5) a descendant of Asher
אֲרָם (a.ram) — Syria.
§ Aram or Arameans = "exalted"
Aram or Syrian nation
אֲרָם (a.ram) — Aram.
Conj | N-proper — Conjunction · noun proper masculineHC/Npm
Aram
The son of Shem (Gen. 10:22); according to Gen. 22:21, a grandson of Nahor. In Matt. 1:3, 4, and Luke 3:33, this word is the Greek form of Ram, the father of Amminadab (1 Chr. 2:10).
The word means high, or highlands, and as the name of a country denotes that elevated region extending from the northeast of Palestine to the Euphrates. It corresponded generally with the Syria and Mesopotamia of the Greeks and Romans. In Gen. 25:20; 31:20, 24; Deut. 26:5, the word “Syrian” is properly “Aramean” (R.V., marg.).…
(high). The name by which the Hebrews designated, generally, the country lying to the northeast of Palestine; the great mass of that high tableland which, rising with sudden abruptness from the Jordan and the very margin of the Lake of Gennesaret, stretched at an elevation of no less than 2000 feet above the level of the sea, to the banks of the Euphrates itself. Throughout the Authorized Version the word is, with only a very few exceptions, rendered, as in the Vulgate and LXX., SYRIA. Its earliest occurrence in the book of Genesis is in the form of Aram-naharaim , i.e. the "highland of or between the two rivers." (Genesis 24:10) Authorized Version "Mesopotamia." In the later history we meet with a number of small nations or kingdoms forming parts of the general land of Aram; but as Damascus increased in importance it gradually…
1. The name of three men in the Bible: a son of Shem, Ge 10:22, a grandson of Nahor, Ge 22:21, and an ancestor of our Lord, Ru 4:19 1Ch 2:10 Mt 1:3 Lu 3:33 2. Nearly synonymous with Syria; the Hebrew name of the whole region northeast of Palestine, extending from the Tigris on the east nearly to the Mediterranean on the west, and to the Taurus range on the north. It was named after Aram the son of Shem. Thus defined, it includes also Mesopotamia, which the Hebrews named Aram-naharaim, Aram of the two rivers, Ge…
עוּץ (uts) refers to Uz, a name associated with several figures in the Old Testament, including a son of Aram and a son of Nahor. The term also denotes a region, likely east or southeast of Palestine, connected to the story of Job. The entries highlight Uz's meaning as 'wooded' and its various familial connections, but do not present significant disagreement.
עוּץ n.pr.
m.
(eldest) ‘son’ of Aram, = ‘son’ of Shem
eldest ‘son’ of Naḥor
Edomite name
loc. on Uz as vague name for E. country
base
H5780 עוּץ . (eldest) ‘son’ of Aram
. on Uz as vague name for E. country
5780 `Uwts oots
apparently from 5779; consultation; Uts, a son of Aram, also
a Seirite, and the regions settled by them.:--Uz.
see HEBREW for 05779
עוּץ (uts) — Uz.
A man of the Syrians living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.10.23;
son of: Aram (H0758);
brother of: Hul (H2343), Gether (H1666) and Mash (H4851)
§ Uz = "wooded"
1) son of Aram and grandson of Seth
2) son of Nahor by Milcah
3) an Edomite, son of Dishan and grandson of Seir
4) the country of Job; probably east and southeast of Palestine somewhere in the Arabian desert
עוּץ (uts) — Uz.
A man living at the time of the Patriarchs, only mentioned at Gen.22.21;
son of: Nahor (H5152H) and Milcah (H4435);
brother of: Buz (H0938), Kemuel (H7055), Chesed (H3777), Hazo (H2375), Pildash (H6394), Jidlaph (H3044) and Bethuel (H1328A);
half-brother of: Tebah (H2875), Gaham (H1514), Tahash (H8477) and Maacah (H4601)
§ Uz = "wooded"
1) son of Aram and grandson of Seth
2) son of Nahor by Milcah
3) an Edomite, son of Dishan and grandson of Seir
Conj | N-proper — Conjunction · noun proper masculineHC/Npm
Uz
Fertile land. (1.) The son of Aram, and grandson of Shem (Gen. 10:23; 1 Chr. 1:17).
(2.) One of the Horite “dukes” in the land of Edom (Gen. 36:28).
(3.) The eldest son of Nahor, Abraham’s brother (Gen. 22:21, R.V.).
The land in which Job dwelt, Job 1:1 Jer 25:20 La 4:21. The Seventy call it Ausitis. It appears to have been a region in Arabia Deserta, between Palestine, Idumaea, and the Euphrates, and most probably not far from the borders of Idumaea. It is uncertain whether its inhabitants were descendants of Uz the son of Aram, Huz the son of Nahor, or Uz the Horite, Ge 10:23 22:21 36:28. They appear to have had much knowledge of the true God and the principles of virtue and religion.
counsel; words
חוּל (chul) refers to a man from the region of Aram, specifically a son of Aram and a grandson of Shem. The name is associated with the meaning 'circle.' He is mentioned in Genesis 10:23 and is noted to have brothers named Uz, Gether, and Mash.
חוּל n.pr.m. a ‘son’ of Aram
base
H2343 חוּל a ‘son’ of Aram
2343 Chuwl khool
from 2342; a circle; Chul, a son of Aram; also the region
settled by him:--Hul.
see HEBREW for 02342
חוּל (chul) — Hul.
A man of the Syrians living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.10.23;
son of: Aram (H0758);
brother of: Uz (H5780), Gether (H1666) and Mash (H4851)
§ Hul = "circle"
the second son of Aram and grandson of Shem
Conj | N-proper — Conjunction · noun proper masculineHC/Npm
hul (chul): The name of one of the "sons of Aram" in the list of nations descended from Noah, but a people of uncertain identity and location (Ge 10:23; 1Ch 1:17).ew>yaquq, which stands on the West of Wady el-`Amud, to the Northwest of Gennesaret, about 4 miles from the sea. This would fall on the boundary of Zebulun and Naphtali, between Tabor and Hannathon (Jos 19:14). The identification may be correct; but it seems too far from Tabor.
Hul
Circle, the second son of Aram (Gen. 10:23), and grandson of Shem.
(circle), the second son of Aram, and grandson of Shem. (Genesis 10:23) The strongest evidence is in favor of the district about the roots of Lebanon.
pain; infirmity
גֶּ֫תֶר (Gether) refers to a son of Aram, mentioned in Genesis 10:23. He is noted as the third son among Aram's children, which include Uz, Hul, and Mash. The name is associated with the meaning 'fear,' though its derivation is uncertain.
גֶּ֫תֶר n.pr.m. a son of Aram
base
H1666 גֶּ֫תֶר a son of Aram
1666 Gether gheh'-ther
of uncertain derivation; Gether, a son of Aram, and the
region settled by him:--Gether.
גֶּ֫תֶר (ge.ter) — Gether.
A man of the Syrians living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.10.23;
son of: Aram (H0758);
brother of: Uz (H5780), Hul (H2343) and Mash (H4851)
§ Gether = "fear"
the third in order of the sons of Aram
Conj | N-proper — Conjunction · noun proper masculineHC/Npm
(fear), the third in order of the sons of Aram. (Genesis 10:23) No satisfactory trace of the people sprung from this stock has been found.
the vale of trial or searching
מֶ֫שֶׁךְ (Meshek) refers to a figure from the Old Testament, specifically a son of Japheth, who is associated with northern nations including the Moschi. The entries indicate that Meshech is linked to the descendants of Japheth and is often mentioned alongside other nations such as Tubal and Magog. The name is thought to mean 'drawing out,' but the lexicons do not provide further details on its derivation.
מֶ֫שֶׁךְ n.pr.gent. the Moschi;—‘son’ of Japeth
base
H4902 מֶ֫שֶׁךְ the Moschi
4902 Meshek meh'-shek
the same in form as 4901, but probably of foreign derivation;
Meshek, a son of Japheth, and the people descended from
him:--Mesech, Meshech.
see HEBREW for 04901
מֶ֫שֶׁךְ (me.shekh) — Meshech.
A man living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.10.2;
son of: Japheth (H3315);
brother of: Gomer (H1586), Magog (H4031), Madai (H4074), Javan (H3120), Tubal (H8422) and Tiras (H8494)
§ Mesech or Meshech = "drawing out"
1) son of Japheth, grandson of Noah, and progenitor of peoples to the north of Israel
1a) descendants of Mesech often mentioned in connection with Tubal, Magog, and other northern nations including the Moschi, a people on the borders of Colchis and Armenia
מֶ֫שֶׁךְ (me.shekh) — Meshech.
§ Mesech or Meshech = "drawing out"
descendants of Mesech often mentioned in connection with Tubal, Magog, and other northern nations including the Moschi, a people on the borders of Colchis and Armenia
מֶ֫שֶׁךְ (me.shekh) — Meshech.
§ Mesech or Meshech = "drawing out"
Conj | N-proper — Conjunction · noun proper masculineHC/Npm
Meshech
Drawing out, the sixth son of Japheth (Gen. 10:2), the founder of a tribe (1 Chr. 1:5; Ezek. 27:13; 38:2,3). They were in all probability the Moschi, a people inhabiting the Moschian Mountains, between the Black and the Caspian Seas. In Ps. 120:5 the name occurs as simply a synonym for foreigners or barbarians. “During the ascendency of the Babylonians and Persians in Western Asia, the Moschi were subdued; but it seems probable that a large number of them crossed the Caucasus range and spread over the northern steppes, mingling with the Scythians. There they became known as Muscovs, and gave that name to the Russian nation and its ancient capital by which they are…
who is drawn by force