Matthew 28

-8 1 3 2 -9 1 0 0 0 0 13 96 -9 2 0 0 2 0 1 RVStyle2 X StyleNameNormal textFontNameArialUnicode Size Standard StyleNameDefaultFontNameTahomaUnicode Size Standard StyleNameJumpFontNameTahomaStylefsUnderlineColorclBlue HoverColorclMaroonHoverEffects rvheUnderlineUnicode Jump Size Standard StyleNameHeading - Module name SizeDoubleFontNameTahomaColorclMaroonUnicode SizeStandard StyleName"Heading small - Module descriptionFontNameTahomaColorclMaroonUnicode Size Standard StyleNameHeading - LinkFontNameTahomaColorclNavy HoverColorclPurpleUnicode Jump Size StandardCharsetANSI_CHARSET SizeDoubleFontNameTimes New RomanUnicode SizeStandardCharsetANSI_CHARSET SizeDoubleFontNameTimes New RomanStylefsItalicUnicode SizeStandardCharsetANSI_CHARSET SizeDoubleFontNameTimes New RomanStylefsBoldUnicode SizeStandardCharsetANSI_CHARSET SizeDoubleFontNameTimes New RomanStylefsUnderlineColorclBlueSubSuperScriptTypervsssSuperScriptUnicode Jump SizeStandardCharsetANSI_CHARSET SizeDoubleFontNameTimes New RomanStylefsUnderlineColorclBlueUnicode Jump SizeStandardCharsetANSI_CHARSET SizeDoubleFontNameTimes New RomanStylefsBoldfsItalicUnicode SizeStandardCharsetANSI_CHARSET SizeDoubleFontNameTimes New RomanStylefsBoldfsUnderlineColorclBlueSubSuperScriptTypervsssSuperScriptUnicode Jump SizeStandardCharsetANSI_CHARSET SizeDoubleFontNameTimes New RomanColorclBlue HoverColorclMaroonNextStyleNoUnicode Jump Size-9 2 0 0 2 0 2 RVStyle2 �BiDiModervbdLeftToRightTabs StyleNameCentered Alignment rvaCenterTabsStandardTabsStandardSpaceBefore SpaceAfterTabs-9 2 0 0 2 0 4 RVStyle2 -9 0 0 0 0 0 7 6 3 3 8 0 0 CHAPTER XXVIII ) Outline of Chapter 28 ) Theme: ) 7 1 -1 9 0 0 The Work Which Thou Gavest Him to Do) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 ) 6 5 3 8 0 0 B. The Resurrection ) 28:1 10 The Lord Risen; The Guard Frightened; The Women Surprised ) 28:11 15 The Guard Bribed ) 28:16 20 The Great Claim; The Great Commission; The Great Comfort ) 28:1 10 ) 7 1 -1 9 0 0 The Lord Risen; The Guard Frightened; The Women Surprised) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 ) 6 1 3 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.16.1-41.16.8|AUTODETECT|” Cf. ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.16.1-41.16.8|AUTODETECT|” Mark 16:1 8) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.1-42.24.12|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.1-42.24.12|AUTODETECT|” Luke 24:1 12) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.1-43.20.10|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.1-43.20.10|AUTODETECT|” John 20:1 10) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 ) 8 1 3 8 0 0 28 ) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 1 Now after the Sabbath, at dawn on the first day of the week, Mary Magdalene and the other Mary came to look at the tomb. 2 Suddenly there was a violent earthquake, for an angel of the Lord came down from heaven, stepped forward, rolled away the stone and was sitting on it. 3 His appearance was like lightning, and his garment white as snow. 4 And for fear of him the guards shook and became like dead men. 5 The angel, answering, said to the women, Don t ) 7 1 -1 9 0 0 you) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 be afraid, for I know that you are looking for Jesus, who was crucified. 6 He is not here, for he has been raised, just as he said. Come, see the place where he lay. 7 Then go quickly and tell his disciples, He has been raised from the dead, and look, he is going ahead of you into Galilee; there you shall see him. Now I have told you. 8 So they departed quickly from the tomb with fear and great joy, and ran to report to his disciples. 9 And suddenly Jesus met them and said, Good morning. They approached, took hold of his feet, and worshiped him. 10 Then Jesus said to them, Do not be afraid; go, tell my brothers to go to Galilee; there they shall see me. ) 8 1 3 8 0 0

1. Now after the Sabbath, at dawn on the first day of the week, Mary Magdalene and the other Mary came to look at the tomb.) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.16.1|AUTODETECT|” The Sabbath has come and gone 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.16.1|AUTODETECT|” Mark 16:1) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 ). It is now Sunday morning at dawn. It is definitely the first day of the week.��) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftnref1 9 1 -1 9 0 “#_ftn1”

899. 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.1|AUTODETECT|” �� It was then that Mary Magdalene and the other Mary, that is Mary the mother of James and Joses (27:56, 61) came to look at the tomb. Matthew abbreviates. As in 27:61 so also here he mentions only these two. Mark adds Salome (16:1). Luke adds Joanna, and indicates that there were others (24:10). Though at this point ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.1|AUTODETECT|” John 20:1) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 mentions only Mary Magdalene, even that Gospel implies that other women had accompanied her 7 1 -1 9 0 0 We) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 do not know ). ) 6 1 3 8 0 0 There is no conflict between John s story about Mary Magdalene, and Matthew s about several women.��) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftnref2 9 1 -1 9 0 “#_ftn2”
900. 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.1|AUTODETECT|” �� Nor is there any conflict about the time when the women s trip to the tomb took place. ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.1|AUTODETECT|” John 20:1) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.16.2|AUTODETECT|” states, while it was still dark, ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.16.2|AUTODETECT|” Mark 16:2) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.28.1|AUTODETECT|” when the sun was risen, ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.28.1|AUTODETECT|” Matthew 28:1) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.1|AUTODETECT|” at dawn, ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.1|AUTODETECT|” Luke 24:1) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 at early dawn. Probable solution: although it was still dark when the women started out, the sun had risen when they arrived at the tomb. ) 6 1 3 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.16.1|AUTODETECT|” They came to look at the tomb. Here too Matthew summarizes. We must remember that Joseph of Arimathea and Nicodemus had already wound linen bandages around the body, strewing in a mixture of myrrh and aloes. However, the dead body had not as yet been anointed. Sometime after 6 P.M. on Saturday evening hence, when the sabbath was past the women had bought whatever was necessary to anoint the body. So now, very early Sunday morning, they come to the tomb to do this, in order to prevent rapid decomposition 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.16.1|AUTODETECT|” Mark 16:1) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.1|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.1|AUTODETECT|” Luke 24:1) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 ). ) 6 1 3 8 0 0 It is true that they should have paid more attention to the Lord s repeated prediction that he would rise again on the third day. On the other hand, while we may criticize their lack of sufficient faith a lack which they shared with the male disciples let us not overlook their exceptional love and loyalty. They were at Calvary when Jesus died, in Joseph s garden when their Master was buried, and now very early in the morning, here they are once more, in order to look at the tomb; that is, to see to it that everything is in good order, and to anoint the body. Meanwhile, where were the eleven? ) 13 1 3 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.16.3|AUTODETECT|” Mark 16:3) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.16.4|AUTODETECT|” informs us that on the way toward the tomb the women were worried about the stone. They said to each other, Who will roll away the stone for us from the entrance of the tomb? But suddenly they saw probably at a turn in the path that the heavy stone had already been removed 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=41.16.4|AUTODETECT|” Mark 16:4) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 ). What had happened? Matthew by divine inspiration, answers as follows: ) 8 1 -1 9 0 0

2. Suddenly there was a violent earthquake, for an angel of the Lord came down from heaven, stepped forward, rolled away the stone and was sitting on it.) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=2.19.18|AUTODETECT|” In connection with the presence of the Lord, his mighty redemptive acts, and the manifestation of his anger poured out upon the enemies of his people, Scripture makes frequent mention of the occurrence of earthquakes. The earthquake means as much as, Listen, the Lord is speaking! See ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=2.19.18|AUTODETECT|” Exod. 19:18) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=4.16.31|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=4.16.31|AUTODETECT|” Num. 16:31) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=11.19.11|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=11.19.11|AUTODETECT|” I Kings 19:11) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=18.9.6|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=18.9.6|AUTODETECT|” Job 9:6) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=19.18.7|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=19.18.7|AUTODETECT|” Ps. 18:7) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=19.68.8|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=19.68.8|AUTODETECT|” 68:8) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=19.77.18|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=19.77.18|AUTODETECT|” 77:18) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.2.19|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.2.19|AUTODETECT|” Isa. 2:19) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.5.25|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.5.25|AUTODETECT|” 5:25) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.13.13|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.13.13|AUTODETECT|” 13:13) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.24.18|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.24.18|AUTODETECT|” 24:18) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.29.6|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.29.6|AUTODETECT|” 29:6) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=24.10.10|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=24.10.10|AUTODETECT|” Jer. 10:10) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=24.49.21|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=24.49.21|AUTODETECT|” 49:21) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=29.2.10|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=29.2.10|AUTODETECT|” Joel 2:10) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=34.1.5|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=34.1.5|AUTODETECT|” Nah. 1:5) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=37.2.6|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=37.2.6|AUTODETECT|” Hag. 2:6) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.6.12|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.6.12|AUTODETECT|” Rev. 6:12) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.8.5|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.8.5|AUTODETECT|” 8:5) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.11.13-66.11.19|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.11.13-66.11.19|AUTODETECT|” 11:13 19) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.27.51|AUTODETECT|” . Appropriately there had been an earthquake at the moment of Christ s death 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.27.51|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 27:51) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 ); and there will probably be numerous fearful earthquakes in connection with Christ s second coming. See above, on 24:7. So also now, in connection with Christ s resurrection, there suddenly��) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftnref3 9 1 -1 9 0 “#_ftn3”

901. 6 1 -1 9 0 0 �� occurred a great or violent earthquake. ) 6 1 3 8 0 0 The reason for the quake was the descent from heaven of God s special messenger, an angel. He stepped forward and must have taken the stone completely out of its groove and turned it over on its side. Result: the heavy slab was lying flat on the ground and the angel was sitting upon it, to symbolize Christ s triumph. ) 6 1 3 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.1.22|AUTODETECT|” The women did not see this happen. They saw only the result. Not even the witnesses of the resurrection 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.1.22|AUTODETECT|” Acts 1:22) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 ), saw Jesus rise from the grave. They did however, at one time or another, see the risen Christ, which was indeed a mighty proof of his resurrection. ) 6 1 3 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.19|AUTODETECT|” Why did the angel have to remove the stone? Not to enable Jesus to make his way out of the tomb for see ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.19|AUTODETECT|” John 20:19) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.26|AUTODETECT|” , ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.26|AUTODETECT|”
902. 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.16.5|AUTODETECT|” but to enable the women 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.16.5|AUTODETECT|” Mark 16:5) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 ) and also Peter and John (20:6 8) to enter it. ) 6 1 3 8 0 0 With reference to the angel, Matthew continues: ) 8 1 -1 9 0 0

3. His appearance was like lightning, and his garment white as snow.) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=27.7.9|AUTODETECT|” The marvelous radiance of his countenance gave proof of his descent straight from heaven. The sparkling luster of his garment indicated his holiness. Compare, in this connection ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=27.7.9|AUTODETECT|” Dan. 7:9) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.17.2|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.17.2|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 17:2) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.1.16|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.1.16|AUTODETECT|” Rev. 1:16) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.10.1|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.10.1|AUTODETECT|” 10:1) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.12.1|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.12.1|AUTODETECT|” 12:1) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.20.11|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.20.11|AUTODETECT|” 20:11) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 . ) 6 1 3 8 0 0 The story about the guard see on 27:62 66 is now continued, The Guard Scattered: ) 8 1 -1 9 0 0
4. And for fear of him the guards shook and became like dead men.) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 The original uses words derived from the same root to describe both the action of the earth and of the guard, so that the rendering might be: Suddenly there was a violent earth) 7 1 -1 9 0 0 quake) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 & the men on guard quaked.& So overcome with fright were they that if anyone had been present at the scene he could hardly have guessed what was shaking more: the earth or the members of the guard! The latter were knocked unconscious. For a while they lay there in a condition of utter powerlessness and discomfiture, motionless as if dead. From verse 11 it appears that when they finally came to they were no longer an organized unit, for not all of them but only some came into the city, etc. ) 6 1 3 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=19.2.4|AUTODETECT|” The stone, the seal, the guard! What a sense of security all this had given to the chief priests and the Pharisees. Yet, in the sight of heaven all this show of strength spelled clumsy, fantastic futility. In Joseph s garden the Almighty was laughing 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=19.2.4|AUTODETECT|” Ps. 2:4) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=19.46.6|AUTODETECT|” ). He uttered his voice and the earth melted. See also ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=19.46.6|AUTODETECT|” Ps. 46:6) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=19.48.4-19.48.8|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=19.48.4-19.48.8|AUTODETECT|” 48:4 8) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 . ) 6 1 3 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.4.25|AUTODETECT|” By means of the resurrection of Christ from the grave, and the mighty earthquake that appropriately accompanied it, the Father of our Lord Jesus Christ not only laughed in the facts of the plotters who had requested this guard; he also smiled benignly upon all his dear children, for what he was actually saying was this: I have accepted my Son s sacrifice as a complete ransom for the sins of all who take refuge in him. See ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.4.25|AUTODETECT|” Rom. 4:25) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 . And the watchers? No thanks to them, and notwithstanding the machinations of those who had asked for them, they were becoming tools in the hands of God for the confirmation of his truth. See on verse 11. ) 6 1 3 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.6.4|AUTODETECT|” Christ s resurrection was the work of the Triune God. The Father raised him from the dead 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.6.4|AUTODETECT|” Rom. 6:4) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=48.1.1|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=48.1.1|AUTODETECT|” Gal. 1:1) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=60.1.3|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=60.1.3|AUTODETECT|” I Peter 1:3) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.8.11|AUTODETECT|” ). So did the Spirit 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.8.11|AUTODETECT|” Rom. 8:11) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 ; and see ) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftnref4 10 1 -1 9 0 “#_ftn4” N.T.C.) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=54.3.16|AUTODETECT|” on ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=54.3.16|AUTODETECT|” I Tim. 3:16) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.10.18|AUTODETECT|” ). And the Son took back the life which he had laid down 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.10.18|AUTODETECT|” John 10:18) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.2.19|AUTODETECT|” ; cf. ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.2.19|AUTODETECT|” 2:19) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.2.21|AUTODETECT|” , ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.2.21|AUTODETECT|”

21. 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.11.25|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.11.25|AUTODETECT|” 11:25) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 ). For the comfort of believers, these three are and always will be ) 7 1 -1 9 0 0 One) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 . ) 6 1 3 8 0 0 The story of the guard will be continued at verse 11. For the present Matthew returns to the women: ) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 5, 6. The angel, answering, said to the women, Don t ) 11 1 -1 9 0 0 you) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 be afraid, for I know that you are looking for Jesus, who was crucified.) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.2|AUTODETECT|” ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.2|AUTODETECT|” Luke 24:2) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.12|AUTODETECT|” and ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.12|AUTODETECT|” John 20:12) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 speak of two angels; Matthew and Mark, of only ) 7 1 -1 9 0 0 one) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 . Why this difference? Some answer, Although two angels were actually present, one alone was the speaker. But this will hardly do, for according to Luke both of the two men in dazzling apparel addressed the women. So do also the two angels in John s account. The reason for the difference has not been revealed to us. There is, of course, no contradiction, for neither Matthew nor Mark states that there was ) 7 1 -1 9 0 0 only) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 one angel. ) 6 1 3 8 0 0 Don t ) 7 1 -1 9 0 0 you) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 very emphatic in the original be afraid, says the angel. In other words, Don t ) 7 1 -1 9 0 0 you) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 be like others who were scattered in every direction, and some of whom you may even have met. Why do not these women need to be afraid? Why must they ) 7 1 -1 9 0 0 stop their weeping and rejoice instead?) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 ��) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftnref5 9 1 -1 9 0 “#_ftn5”
22. 6 1 -1 9 0 0 �� The angel answers, for I know that you are looking for Jesus the crucified. In other words, ) 7 1 -1 9 0 0 You) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 have no reason to fear, for you are the loyal friends of Jesus. Yes, you have remained loyal to him even though the world despised and crucified him. It was to show that loyalty that you came here this morning. ) 6 1 3 8 0 0 We might have expected a different message, for example, a stern rebuke, in view of the fact that these women showed by their action that they had not taken seriously enough Jesus prediction of rising on the third day. But no, all this is passed by though not completely. A mercifully veiled rebuke better, a gentle admonition, a loving reminder comes at the very end of the angel s message: ) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 He is not here, for he has been raised just as he said.) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 Just as he said. The angel does not even say, just as he said ) 7 1 -1 9 0 0 again and again and again) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 . See above p. 9. It is as if the angel is saying, In view of your marvelous courage and loyalty, your lack of sufficient faith is hereby forgiven. Moreover, it must be borne in mind that the heavenly messenger did not create this message. It was given to him, as a comparison between verses 5 and 10 clearly shows. Reassuringly, the angel adds, ) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 Come, see the place where he lay.) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.16.5|AUTODETECT|” According to ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.16.5|AUTODETECT|” Mark 16:5) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.7|AUTODETECT|” , by this time the women were already inside the tomb. But the angel bids them come even closer, so that they may see whatever there is to be seen; for example, not only the empty tomb He is not here but also the linen bandages lying there, and the sweatband not lying with the linen bandages but folded up in a place by itself 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.7|AUTODETECT|” John 20:7) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 ). They must convince themselves that everything is orderly in this tomb. No disciple has been here to remove the body, nor has an enemy pillaged the tomb. In either case the bandages would no longer have been present. The women just like Peter and John that same morning must see that the Lord, restored from death to life, had himself removed the bandages and the sweatband, had provided for himself a garment such as is worn by the living, had calmly and majestically put everything in its place in the tomb, and had then departed from the tomb gloriously alive. ) 6 1 3 8 0 0 For the church to believe that Jesus rose from the dead is fine, but it is not enough. It should also consider ) 7 1 -1 9 0 0 what kind of Savior) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 it was who rose from the dead. Is he still the same loving Redeemer who before he died healed the sick, cleansed the leper, raised the dead, comforted the mourning, pardoned and died for the sinner who accepts him by a living faith? Careful study of the resurrection account answers this question with a thunderous affirmative. ) 6 1 3 8 0 0 As if to make this even clearer, the angel continues, ) 8 1 -1 9 0 0

7. Then go quickly and tell his disciples, He has been raised from the dead, and look, he is going ahead of you into Galilee; there you shall see him.) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.26.32|AUTODETECT|” The marvelous message must be imparted. It must be proclaimed everywhere by those who at one time were, and soon will again be, The Twelve. Therefore they themselves must hear the glad news. They must get to know that Christ s repeated prediction, I am going to rise again on the third day has now become a fact. Not only that, but for further confirmation of their faith, they must be told that the promise of ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.26.32|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 26:32) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 , But after I have been raised, I will go ahead of you into Galilee is also going to be fulfilled. It is there, in the very region (4:15, 16) where death and darkness once ruled supreme, but where the Light of the world had performed most of his work, that he again will meet with his disciples. Galilee! That region of rejection, but also of acceptance; of hardship, but also of joy; of unbelief, but also of faith, must rejoice once more. See further on 26:32. ) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 Now I have told you,) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 the angel adds, as if to say, Now ) 7 1 -1 9 0 0 you) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 have heard the glad tidings, and know what to do. So now it is your responsibility. ) 6 2 3 8 0 0 Objection: But Jesus first appearance to his disciples did not occur in Galilee but in Jerusalem. These men did not have to wait until they had arrived at last in Galilee, but were going to see the risen Savior this very evening. Answer: this simply shows that God or if one prefers, that the risen Savior is even better than his promises. ) But what about Peter, who had bragged in such unrestrained language about his loyalty, but had broken his promises so shamefully, must he also be told? Yes, says the young man, that is, the angel, Go, tell his disciples ) 7 1 -1 9 0 0 and Peter) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.16.7|AUTODETECT|” 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.16.7|AUTODETECT|” Mark 16:7) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 ). ) 8 1 3 8 0 0
8. So they departed quickly from the tomb with fear and great joy, and ran to report to his disciples.) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=19.2.11|AUTODETECT|” That fear and joy can go together is clear from ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=19.2.11|AUTODETECT|” Ps. 2:11) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 . Moreover, was it not natural for these women to be struck with fear at the sight of such a brilliant angel and upon receiving the news of so great a mystery: Jesus risen from the dead? Also, was it not equally natural for them to rejoice when they heard that Jesus, whose loyal friends, disciples, and subjects they were, had conquered Death? Note also that in the struggle between fear and joy, the latter triumphed, for the adjective great modifies only joy, not fear. These women did not walk. They ) 7 1 -1 9 0 0 ran) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.9|AUTODETECT|” to tell the tidings. ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.9|AUTODETECT|” Luke 24:9) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.10|AUTODETECT|” reports that the women fulfilled their mission. How was their report received by the apostles? Answer: it was not believed 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.10|AUTODETECT|” Luke 24:10) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.11|AUTODETECT|” , ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.11|AUTODETECT|”

11. 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.16.13|AUTODETECT|” ). It began to spread, but by and large was not accepted as true 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.16.13|AUTODETECT|” Mark 16:13) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.22-42.24.25|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.22-42.24.25|AUTODETECT|” Luke 24:22 25) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 ). ) 6 1 3 8 0 0 However, though the disbelief that was going to greet the women everywhere would not be pleasant, their present joy, great as it was, was going to become even greater: ) 8 1 -1 9 0 0

9. And suddenly Jesus met them and said, Good morning. They approached, took hold of his feet, and worshiped him.) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 To put them at ease Jesus used an ordinary greeting when he met them, one that can perhaps be best rendered Hello, or How do you do? or Good morning. See also 26:49; 27:29. Immediately they recognized him, fell down before him, taking hold of his feet and worshipping him. He was real, even physical . He was Jesus, no one else, the very Jesus whom they had known for a considerable time, and to whom they had rendered valuable service. ) 6 1 3 8 0 0 The question has been raised, But why did not ) 7 1 -1 9 0 0 Jesus) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 appear first of all to the eleven? Why first to the women? Or, going back a little: Why did ) 7 1 -1 9 0 0 the angel) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 appear to the women, not to Peter and John? We do not have the answer. Could it be that the special recognition accorded to the women was a reward for their singular ministry of love and loyalty? ) 6 1 3 8 0 0 Jesus, too, has a message for these women. It is essentially the selfsame message which they have already received from the angels (see 5a, 7b), showing that in the realm of the sinless there is perfect harmony. If there is any difference, the words now spoken are even more touching: ) 8 1 -1 9 0 0
10. Then Jesus said to them, Do not be afraid; go, tell my brothers to go to Galilee; there they shall see me.) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.12.49|AUTODETECT|” My brothers, not: those habitual quarrelers, those men who promised to remain loyal to me no matter what would happen, but who when the crisis arrived left me and fled; those men who, with one exception, were not even present at Calvary when I was laying down my life for them. None of that. Instead, my brothers, those whom I acknowledge as members of my family, those who share the inheritance with me, those whom I love. Cf. ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.12.49|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 12:49) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.25.40|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.25.40|AUTODETECT|” 25:40) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.8.16|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.8.16|AUTODETECT|” Rom. 8:16) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.8.17|AUTODETECT|” , ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.8.17|AUTODETECT|”

17. 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.8.29|AUTODETECT|” , ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.8.29|AUTODETECT|”
18. 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.2.11|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.2.11|AUTODETECT|” Heb. 2:11) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.2.12|AUTODETECT|” , ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.2.12|AUTODETECT|”
19. 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=49.3.14|AUTODETECT|” . See also N.T.C. on ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=49.3.14|AUTODETECT|” Eph. 3:14) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=49.3.15|AUTODETECT|” , ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=49.3.15|AUTODETECT|”
20. 6 1 -1 9 0 0 . For the rest, Jesus virtually repeats the message of the angel, telling the disciples to go to Galilee, and promising that they shall see him there. ) 6 1 3 8 0 0 28:11 15 ) 7 1 -1 9 0 0 The Guard Bribed) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 ) 6 1 3 8 0 0 11 Now while they were going, some of the guards came into the city and reported to the chief priests all that had happened. 12 And when they had assembled with the elders and taken counsel, they gave the soldiers a considerable sum of money, 13 instructing them, Say, His disciples came during the night and stole him away while we were sleeping. 14 And if this (report) should reach the governor s ears, we will persuade him and keep you out of trouble. 15 So they took the money and did as they had been instructed. And this story has been widely spread among the Jews, to this very day. ) 8 1 3 8 0 0

11. Now while they were going, some of the guards came into the city and reported to the chief priests all that had happened.) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 Two paragraphs in connection with the guard placed at Christ s tomb (a story found only in Matthew s Gospel) have already been discussed. How it was that the guard was posted in Joseph s garden, and how the soldiers belonging to it were frightened and scattered has been shown (respectively, in 27:62 66 and in 28:3, 4). Now follows the concluding paragraph, describing how the guard was bribed. The women were on their way to spread the truth about the resurrection. The soldiers were going to allow themselves to be used to hush the truth and to hold forth the lie (verses 12 14). ) 6 3 3 8 0 0 Note: some of the guards, apparently not all; at least, not all at once. The guard had been scattered, perhaps in every direction. There are those who think that a few of the men were brave enough to bring a report to the authorities; while the rest held back, somewhere outside, wondering how their representatives would fare, and anxiously awaiting their return. However that may have been, some did indeed bring in a report. That they reported to the chief priests, in charge of the temple, and not directly to Pilate, is not strange; for by saying, Take a guard, Pilate had temporarily placed these men under the authority and supervision of the chief priests. ) These men, then, told the chief priests what had happened, that is, what they themselves had seen and experienced: the sudden descent of a flaming angel, the earthquake; perhaps even the removal of the stone from the entrance of the tomb and together with it the breaking of the seal. ) The result was that the Sanhedrin here indicated by two of its three groups; see on 2:4 and 16:21 hastily met in formal session: ) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 12 14. And when they had assembled with the elders and taken counsel, they gave the soldiers a considerable sum of money, instructing them, Say, His disciples came during the night and stole him away while we were sleeping. And if this (report) should reach the governor s ears, we will persuade him and keep you out of trouble.) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 We do not read that the Sanhedrin rejected the soldiers report in utter disbelief. Neither is it correct, however, to say that the Sanhedrin believed it. One fact is certain: this body did not want to have the people believe what the soldiers had just now reported. It was afraid that any such news would readily be linked with the idea of a resurrection from the grave, and that this belief, in turn, would cause the people to lose confidence in their leaders, who had been chiefly responsible for the murder of Jesus. ) 6 1 3 8 0 0 So the Sanhedrists pass a resolution containing three items, namely, to give the soldiers: ) 7 1 -1 9 0 0 a.) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 a large sum of money; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 0 b.) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 a story to spread; and ) 7 1 -1 9 0 0 c.) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 assurance of freedom from punishment. As to ) 7 1 -1 9 0 0 a.) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 the sum had to be large, for the admission that they, the men on guard duty, had been sleeping instead of watching, would not reflect honor on themselves. As to ) 7 1 -1 9 0 0 b.) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 the story his disciples & stole him would explain why the tomb was empty, and would hopefully counteract belief in a resurrection. And as to ) 7 1 -1 9 0 0 c.) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.27.23-40.27.26|AUTODETECT|” what had happened at Calvary see ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.27.23-40.27.26|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 27:23 26) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.19.12|AUTODETECT|” ; cf. ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.19.12|AUTODETECT|” John 19:12) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.19.13|AUTODETECT|” , ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.19.13|AUTODETECT|”

13. 6 1 -1 9 0 0 had strengthened the Sanhedrin s conviction that Pilate could be bent according to its will.��) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftnref6 9 1 -1 9 0 “#_ftn6”
14. 6 1 -1 9 0 0 �� We will ) 7 1 -1 9 0 0 persuade) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 or ) 7 1 -1 9 0 0 satisfy) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 him, says the council. ) 6 2 3 8 0 0 As to the Sanhedrin, it may seem strange that a body of such dignitaries and clothed with such high authority would actually resort to this crookedness. But is it so strange that men who had committed murder now also resort to lying in order to cover up what they had done? ) The soldiers reaction is described in verse ) 8 1 -1 9 0 0

15. So they took the money and did as they had been instructed.) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 From the point of view of expediency or (seeming) self-interest, this must have looked to them as the best course to follow. Though it was painful to admit that they had been sleeping at their post, yet by agreeing to do as they had been directed, they gained the promise of protection by the Sanhedrin, and a considerable sum of money besides. ) 6 1 3 8 0 0 Matthew concludes this account by stating: ) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 And this story has been widely spread among the Jews, to this very day.) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 To the very day that Matthew was writing these words this false rumor was being circulated among the Jews. Justin Martyr (probable dates a.d. 114 165) writes, You have sent chosen and ordained men throughout the whole world to proclaim that a godless and lawless heresy had sprung from one Jesus, a Galilean deceiver & whose disciples stole him by night from the tomb 7 1 -1 9 0 0 Dialogue with Trypho) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 108). Even today, late in the twentieth century, this false rumor is still being spread.��) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftnref7 9 1 -1 9 0 “#_ftn7”

904. 6 1 -1 9 0 0 �� ) 6 6 3 8 0 0 We feel sure, however, that Matthew is not recording this merely to tell an interesting story about The Guard, Stationed, Scattered, and Bribed. As was indicated earlier, he was writing to the Jews, though he was aiming also for the conversion of a much wider circle. What he is doing in conveying this truthful account found in 27:62 66; 28:3, 4, 11 15, is this: he is showing how utterly ridiculous is the denial of Christ s resurrection; in other words, how well-founded is the true account of what happened in Joseph s garden. That is why, as I mentioned in the beginning, this theme can be turned into an inspiring Easter message. ) Let us, then, for a moment try to recall the concrete situation that must have resulted from the spread of the rumor that the disciples had come by night and stolen the body. Let us try to picture what may have happened: ) Monday morning, presumably the day after the rumor of the stolen body had begun to spread, one of these guards, let us suppose, is being stopped by a friend who says to him, What is this we hear about the tomb being empty, and the body missing? Answer: What actually happened was that his disciples came during the night and stole him away while we were sleeping.

O, says the inquirer, then that explains it. He continues on his way, satisfied that the problem has been solved. He tells all his friends and relatives about it. Many of them also believe the rumor. ) However a little farther along this same guard meets someone else, who asks him the same question. He receives the same answer. But this man is not entirely satisfied with it.

As in disbelief he stares at the soldier and asks, Do you really mean to stand there and tell me that all of you twelve men or whatever was the number remained asleep when some Galilean fishermen entered the garden, and that while they were busily engaged in removing and turning on its side the heavy slab, entering the tomb, and carrying out the corpse, none of you men even so much as woke up? Some sleepers you must be! ) A third person enters into conversation with the same soldier. His retort is: What kind of guards are you people, that you actually allowed all this to happen? I have always learned that guards were supposed to stay awake. ) Finally, the real bombshell! This person, after looking at the watchman in sheer unbelief for a long time, says to him, Would you please repeat that? I don t know whether I understood you the first time.

So very slowly the soldier repeats, His disciples came during the night and stole him away while we were sleeping. The man answers, Do you really want me to believe that? You said that you yourself and all the other men who were supposed to be on guard were sleeping. Well, if you were ) 7 1 -1 9 0 0 sleeping,) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 then how do you know what happened? If you were sleeping, you didn t see anybody enter the garden and carry away the body. You are merely guessing. I, too, will give my solution of the problem of the empty tomb. It is far more reasonable than yours. It is this: the tomb is empty because Jesus arose triumphantly. He is my Savior and my Lord. Here ends this illustration. ) 6 1 3 8 0 0 The trouble with all the ) 7 1 -1 9 0 0 so-called) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 solutions of the problem of the empty tomb is that not one of them is reasonable even on the surface. The stolen body, the swoon theory (according to which Jesus did not really die), mass hallucination, etc., etc., all are absurd. On the other hand, the faith of the Christian, He lives, he lives, and because he lives I too shall live, is reasonable, true, and satisfying. Not only that, but as already indicated, He is still the same wonderful Savior, filled with holiness, kindness, and forgiving love for all those who, by sovereign grace, take refuge in him. ) 6 1 3 8 0 0 28:16 20 ) 7 1 -1 9 0 0 The Great Claim; The Great Commission; The Great Comfort) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 ) 6 1 3 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.16.14-41.16.18|AUTODETECT|” Cf. ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.16.14-41.16.18|AUTODETECT|” Mark 16:14 18) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.36-42.24.49|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.36-42.24.49|AUTODETECT|” Luke 24:36 49) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.19-43.20.23|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.19-43.20.23|AUTODETECT|” John 20:19 23) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.1.9-44.1.11|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.1.9-44.1.11|AUTODETECT|” Acts 1:9 11) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 ) 6 1 3 8 0 0 16 So the eleven disciples went to Galilee, to the mountain where Jesus had directed them to go. 17 And when they saw him, they worshiped him, but some doubted. 18 Then Jesus came nearer and spoke to them, saying, All authority has been given to me in heaven and on earth. 19 Go, therefore, and make disciples of all the nations, baptizing them in(to) the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit; 20 teaching them to observe all that I have commanded you; and remember, I am with you day in day out until the close of the age. ��) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftnref8 9 1 -1 9 0 “#_ftn8” 905) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 �� ) 8 1 3 8 0 0 16. So the eleven disciples went to Galilee, to the mountain where Jesus had directed them to go.) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.1.25|AUTODETECT|” Note eleven. Judas has gone to his own place 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.1.25|AUTODETECT|” Acts 1:25) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 ). These eleven went to Galilee, for that is where Jesus had promised to meet them (26:32), and where the women, upon the instruction of the angel and of Jesus himself (28:7, 10) had directed them to go. In the previous references no mention was made of any mountain. Whether this can be explained by assuming that such passages as the ones already mentioned 26:32; 28:7, 10 and their parallels in Mark give us an abbreviated account of what was spoken, or whether the risen Savior had indicated this mountain at one of his other appearances, we do not know. ) 6 1 3 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.5.1|AUTODETECT|” What we do know is that it was certainly kind of the risen Savior to meet with his disciples at a place in the neighborhood of where their homes were, and where many friends and fellow believers were living. This mountain must have been a place of picturesque scenery and subdued quietness away from the turmoil of the busy cities and villages. Above all, a scene of tender reminiscences, both for Jesus himself and for his followers, reminding them of what had happened earlier; perhaps on this particular elevation, perhaps on others 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.5.1|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 5:1) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.14.23|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.14.23|AUTODETECT|” 14:23) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.15.29|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.15.29|AUTODETECT|” 15:29) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.17.1|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.17.1|AUTODETECT|” 17:1) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.3.13|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.3.13|AUTODETECT|” Mark 3:13) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.6.3|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.6.3|AUTODETECT|” John 6:3) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.6.15|AUTODETECT|” , ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.6.15|AUTODETECT|” 15) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 ). It was on a mountain that Jesus had called his disciples; it was also on a mountain that he would take his leave from them. ) 6 1 3 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=46.15.6|AUTODETECT|” About a dozen appearances of the risen Christ are recorded in Scripture. See the list, together with references, in N.T.C. on the Gospel according to John, Vol. II, p. 477. It is very well possible that the present appearance to the eleven coincides with, or is part of, the appearance to the five hundred brothers 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=46.15.6|AUTODETECT|” I Cor. 15:6) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 ), the majority of whom were still alive when Paul wrote I Corinthians. ) 6 1 3 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.50|AUTODETECT|” When the Lord ascended to heaven this event occurred not in Galilee but from the Mount of Olives, near Jerusalem. For that story one must turn to ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.50|AUTODETECT|” Luke 24:50) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.51|AUTODETECT|” , ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.51|AUTODETECT|” 51) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.1.4-44.1.11|AUTODETECT|” ; and to ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.1.4-44.1.11|AUTODETECT|” Acts 1:4 11) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.16.19|AUTODETECT|” . Except for the summarizing statement in the disputed portion of Mark s Gospel 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.16.19|AUTODETECT|” Mark 16:19) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 ), the ) 7 1 -1 9 0 0 story) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 of the ascension is found only in the writings of Luke. But the ) 7 1 -1 9 0 0 fact) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.6.62|AUTODETECT|” itself is confirmed by ever so many passages 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.6.62|AUTODETECT|” John 6:62) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.14.2|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.14.2|AUTODETECT|” 14:2) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.14.12|AUTODETECT|” , ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.14.12|AUTODETECT|” 12) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.16.5|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.16.5|AUTODETECT|” 16:5) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.16.10|AUTODETECT|” , ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.16.10|AUTODETECT|” 10) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.16.16|AUTODETECT|” , ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.16.16|AUTODETECT|” 16) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.16.17|AUTODETECT|” , ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.16.17|AUTODETECT|” 17) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.16.28|AUTODETECT|” , ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.16.28|AUTODETECT|” 28) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.17.5|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.17.5|AUTODETECT|” 17:5) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.17|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.17|AUTODETECT|” 20:17) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=49.1.20-49.1.23|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=49.1.20-49.1.23|AUTODETECT|” Eph. 1:20 23) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=49.4.8-49.4.10|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=49.4.8-49.4.10|AUTODETECT|” 4:8 10) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=50.2.9|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=50.2.9|AUTODETECT|” Phil. 2:9) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=54.3.16|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=54.3.16|AUTODETECT|” I Tim. 3:16) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.1.3|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.1.3|AUTODETECT|” Heb. 1:3) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.2.9|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.2.9|AUTODETECT|” 2:9) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.4.14|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.4.14|AUTODETECT|” 4:14) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.9.24|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.9.24|AUTODETECT|” 9:24) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.12.5|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.12.5|AUTODETECT|” Rev. 12:5) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 ). ) 6 1 3 8 0 0 Returning then to Galilee, and to the account of the last appearance of Jesus that is recorded in Matthew s Gospel, and may have taken place very shortly before the ascension, we read: ) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 17. And when they saw him, they worshiped him, but some doubted.) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 When the disciples suddenly saw Jesus they fell down before him in the act of worship.��) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftnref9 9 1 -1 9 0 “#_ftn9” 906) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.10|AUTODETECT|” �� Some, however, doubted. From the very beginning the disciples had difficulty believing that Jesus had actually risen from the dead 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.10|AUTODETECT|” Luke 24:10) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.11|AUTODETECT|” , ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.11|AUTODETECT|” 11) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.24-43.20.29|AUTODETECT|” ). When ten finally believed it, one (Thomas) was still unconvinced. He, too, became convinced 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.20.24-43.20.29|AUTODETECT|” John 20:24 29) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 ). Must we believe that shortly before the ascension there were still a few of the disciples who disbelieved the fact of Christ s resurrection? Probably not. Of that fact all, no doubt, were by this time thoroughly convinced. However, another question was whether ) 7 1 -1 9 0 0 this) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 man, who suddenly appears to them here in Galilee, was the risen Christ. Was he perhaps someone else? ) 6 1 3 8 0 0 Many solutions have been offered with respect to this problem. Could it be that the most simple one is also the best, namely, that at first this mysterious person appears to them from a considerable distance? He then steps closer, and the doubt disappeared, though this is not recorded in so many words. What we read is: ) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 18. Then Jesus came nearer and spoke to them, saying.& ) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 Jesus steps forward, so that they may be able to see and hear him better. Then follows the great claim, the great commission, and the great comfort. ) 7 1 3 8 0 0 The Great Claim) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 ) 8 1 3 8 0 0 All authority has been given to me in heaven and on earth.) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=27.7.14|AUTODETECT|” Cf. ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=27.7.14|AUTODETECT|” Dan. 7:14) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.16.28|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.16.28|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 16:28) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.24.30|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.24.30|AUTODETECT|” 24:30) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.26.64|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.26.64|AUTODETECT|” 26:64) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 . Jesus is here claiming all power and right to exercise it. When he says, To me has been given we naturally interpret this to mean that he is referring to a gift he has received as Resurrected Mediator. One might add: as a reward upon his accomplished mediatorial work, the atonement which he rendered. But did he not make a somewhat similar claim long before his death and resurrection? See 11:27.

Not only this, but did he not, even during the days of his humiliation, exercise power over every sickness, including leprosy, and over hunger, demons, winds and waves, human hearts, death even? Did he not prove this on many occasions? True, but there is, nevertheless, an important difference. Before his triumph over death the enjoyment of that gift was always in some way curtailed. For example, he must tell the leper not to make known that he was cured (8:4). The blind men whose eyes were opened receive a similar order (9:30).

He is kept from calling on the Father to send legions of angels to rescue him (26:53). To be sure, he himself does not desire this help, but self-restraint is also restraint. He does indeed raise from the dead the daughter of Jairus, the son of the widow at Nain, and Lazarus. At the moment of his death some saints are raised. But though all of this was indeed astounding, it is not the same as actually exercising unlimited power over both heaven and earth, having it proclaimed everywhere without any restriction, and then at the end of the age raising ) 7 1 -1 9 0 0 all) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 the dead, and judging ) 7 1 -1 9 0 0 all) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=49.1.19-49.1.23|AUTODETECT|” men. It is the investiture of the risen Christ with such unrestricted, universal sovereignty, that Jesus now claims and which, especially within a few days, that is after his ascension to heaven, he is beginning to exercise. That is the reward upon his labors 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=49.1.19-49.1.23|AUTODETECT|” Eph. 1:19 23) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=50.2.9|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=50.2.9|AUTODETECT|” Phil. 2:9) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=50.2.10|AUTODETECT|” , ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=50.2.10|AUTODETECT|” 10) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.5.0|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.5.0|AUTODETECT|” Rev. 5) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 ; etc.). ) 6 1 3 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.16.33|AUTODETECT|” Why does Jesus make known this claim? Answer: so that when he now commissions his apostles to proclaim the gospel throughout the world, they may know that moment by moment, day by day, they can lean on him. Is not this the clear teaching of such precious passages as ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.16.33|AUTODETECT|” John 16:33) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.26.16-44.26.18|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.26.16-44.26.18|AUTODETECT|” Acts 26:16 18) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=50.4.13|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=50.4.13|AUTODETECT|” Phil. 4:13) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.1.9-66.1.20|AUTODETECT|” ; and ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.1.9-66.1.20|AUTODETECT|” Rev. 1:9 20) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 ? Not only this, but these apostles and those that follow afterward must demand that everyone, ) 7 1 -1 9 0 0 in every sphere of life,) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.17.14|AUTODETECT|” shall joyfully acknowledge Jesus as Lord of lords and king of kings 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.17.14|AUTODETECT|” Rev. 17:14) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 ). The Great Claim is therefore a fitting introduction to: ) 7 1 3 8 0 0 The Great Commission) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 ) 8 1 3 8 0 0 19, 20a. Go, therefore, and make disciples of all the nations, baptizing them in(to) the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit; teaching them to observe all that I have commanded you.) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 We might say that this passage is of such fundamental significance that something should be said about each word or combination of words. ) 7 1 3 8 0 0 Go ) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 ) 6 1 3 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.3.16|AUTODETECT|” This stands in rather sharp contrast to Go not of 10:5. Cf. 15:24. It is clear that the particularism of the pre-resurrection period has now definitely made place for universalism. Not as if Jesus has changed his mind. It is very clear from the story of the non-Jewish wise men (2:1 12), who came to worship the newborn King, and from such other passages as 8:11, 12; 15:28; 21:43; 22:8 10, that from the very beginning the evangelization of the world was included in the purpose of God. See also ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.3.16|AUTODETECT|” John 3:16) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.10.16|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.10.16|AUTODETECT|” 10:16) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 . Matthew too, as has been pointed out, had nothing less than this in mind. But as was stated in connection with 10:5, In God s plan it was ) 7 1 -1 9 0 0 from Jerusalem) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.1.8|AUTODETECT|” that the gospel must spread out among the nations. Cf. ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.1.8|AUTODETECT|” Acts 1:8) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.1.16|AUTODETECT|” . Therefore the divinely instituted order was, To the Jew first, and also to the Greek 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.1.16|AUTODETECT|” Rom. 1:16) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 ). The time to make earnest preparations for the propagation of the gospel throughout the world had now arrived. ) 6 1 3 8 0 0 Go also implies that the disciples and this holds for God s children in general must not concentrate all their thought on coming to church. They must also go to bring the precious tidings to others. Of course, they cannot go unless they have first of all come, and unless they keep coming as well as going. They cannot give unless they are willing to receive. ) 7 1 3 8 0 0 Therefore ) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 ) 6 1 3 8 0 0 This has already been explained in connection with The Great Claim. Briefly it means: Go, ) 7 1 -1 9 0 0 a.) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 because your Lord has so ordered; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 0 b.) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 because he has promised to impart all the needed strength; and ) 7 1 -1 9 0 0 c.) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 because he is worthy of the homage, faith, and obedience of all men. ) 7 1 3 8 0 0 Make Disciples ) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 ) 6 2 3 8 0 0 Literally the original says, Having gone, therefore, make disciples.& In such cases the participle as well as the verb that follows it can be in the present case must be interpreted as having imperative force. Make disciples is by itself an imperative. It is a brisk command, an order. ) But just what is meant by make disciples ? It is not exactly the same as make converts, though the latter is surely implied. See above on 3:2; 4:17. The term make disciples places somewhat more stress on the fact that the mind, as well as the heart and the will, must be won for God. A disciple is ) 7 1 -1 9 0 0 a pupil, a learner) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 . See on 13:52. Also, see on 11:29 for words related to it in the English language. ) 6 1 3 8 0 0 The apostle, then, must proclaim the truth and the will of God to the world. It is necessary that sinners ) 7 1 -1 9 0 0 learn) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 about their own lost condition, God, his plan of redemption, his love, his law, etc. This however, is not enough. True ) 7 1 -1 9 0 0 discipleship) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 implies much more. Mere mental understanding does not as yet make one a disciple. It is part of the picture, in fact an important part, but only a part. The truth learned must be practiced. It must be appropriated by heart, mind, and will, so that one ) 7 1 -1 9 0 0 remains) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 or ) 7 1 -1 9 0 0 abides) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.8.31|AUTODETECT|” in the truth. Only then is one truly Christ s disciple 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.8.31|AUTODETECT|” John 8:31) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 ). ) 6 1 3 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.22.10|AUTODETECT|” Not every person who presents himself as a candidate for church membership should immediately be accorded all the rights and privileges pertaining to such membership. There are expositors who place all the emphasis on The wedding-hall was filled with guests 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.22.10|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 22:10) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 ). They forget verses 11 14. ) 7 1 3 8 0 0 Of All the Nations ) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 ) 6 1 3 8 0 0 See above, under the heading Go. ) 7 1 3 8 0 0 Baptizing Them in(to) the Name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit ) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 ) 6 1 3 8 0 0 The main verb is Make disciples. Subordinate to this are: ) 7 1 -1 9 0 0 a.) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 baptizing them, and ) 7 1 -1 9 0 0 b.) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 teaching them. In such a construction it would be completely wrong to say that because the word ) 7 1 -1 9 0 0 baptizing) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 precedes the word ) 7 1 -1 9 0 0 teaching,) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 therefore people must be baptized before they are taught. It is rather natural that baptizing is mentioned first, for while a person is baptized once (ordinarily), he continues throughout his life to be taught. ) 6 1 3 8 0 0 The concepts baptizing and teaching are simply two activities, in co-ordination with each other, but both subordinate to make disciples. In other words, by means of being baptized and being taught a person becomes a disciple, with the understanding, of course, that this individual is ready for baptism and is willing to appropriate the teaching. The context makes very clear that Jesus is here speaking about those who are old enough to be considered the objects of preaching. He is not here speaking about infants. ) 6 1 3 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.2.38|AUTODETECT|” To be ready for baptism requires repentance 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.2.38|AUTODETECT|” Acts 2:38) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.2.41|AUTODETECT|” , ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.2.41|AUTODETECT|” 41) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.2.41|AUTODETECT|” ). It requires receiving the word 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.2.41|AUTODETECT|” Acts 2:41) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 ). This also shows that a certain amount of teaching must precede being baptized. ) 6 1 3 8 0 0 The baptizing must be into the name note the singular: ) 7 1 -1 9 0 0 one) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 name; hence ) 7 1 -1 9 0 0 one) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 God of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit. A ) 7 1 -1 9 0 0 name,) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 as indicated previously see on 6:9; 7:22; 10:22, 41, 42; 12:21 represents the one who bears it. Being baptized into the name of, therefore means being brought into vital relationship with that One, viewed as he has revealed himself. ) 6 1 3 8 0 0 Should we baptize in or into ? The debate on this has already lasted many years.��) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftnref10 9 1 -1 9 0 “#_ftn10” 907) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=46.1.13|AUTODETECT|” �� Now since even in English at least in conversational style in frequently has the sense of into Children, come in the house a decision on this point may not be quite as important as some try to make it. Nevertheless, all things considered, I believe into is defensible. Neither into nor in is necessarily wrong. A good case can be made for either. But when we say, I baptize & in the name of, this could be understood to mean, I baptize at the command of, or on the authority of, which certainly is not what is meant. ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=46.1.13|AUTODETECT|” I Cor. 1:13) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=46.10.2|AUTODETECT|” seems to mean, Were you baptized into the name of Paul? Similarly verse 15, & baptized into my name. Cf. ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=46.10.2|AUTODETECT|” I Cor. 10:2) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.28.19|AUTODETECT|” . And so here in ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.28.19|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 28:19) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 , into the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit makes good sense.��) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftnref11 9 1 -1 9 0 “#_ftn11” 908) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 �� ) 6 1 3 8 0 0 Not as if the rite of baptism ) 7 1 -1 9 0 0 as such) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 brings a person into vital union with the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit. But, according to Scripture the following are true: ) 7 1 -1 9 0 0 a.) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.4.11|AUTODETECT|” circumcision was a sign and a seal of the righteousness of Christ accepted by faith 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.4.11|AUTODETECT|” Rom. 4:11) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 in its context); ) 7 1 -1 9 0 0 b.) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=51.2.11|AUTODETECT|” baptism took the place of circumcision 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=51.2.11|AUTODETECT|” Col. 2:11) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=51.2.12|AUTODETECT|” , ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=51.2.12|AUTODETECT|” 12) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 ); ) 7 1 -1 9 0 0 c.) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 therefore baptism, too, must be regarded as a sign and a seal of the righteousness of Christ accepted by faith. ) 6 2 3 8 0 0 Accordingly, when through the preaching of the Word a person has been brought from darkness into light, and confesses the Triune God, Father, Son, and Holy Spirit, to be the one Object of his faith, hope, and love, then the sacrament of baptism is the sign and seal that God the Father adopts him as his son and heir; that God the Son washes his sins away by his precious blood; and that God the Holy Spirit dwells in him, and will sanctify him; actually imparting to him that which objectively he already has in Christ, and at last bringing him from the Church Militant into the Church Triumphant. ) Baptism, therefore, is very important. The one who submits to it, if sincere, is proclaiming that he has broken with the world and has been brought into union with the Triune God, to whom he intends to devote his life. For Infant Baptism see on 19:15. ) 7 1 3 8 0 0 And Teaching Them to Observe All That I Have Commanded You ) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 ) 6 1 3 8 0 0 As already remarked, this teaching both precedes and follows baptizing. The early church insisted that before the person to whom the gospel had been proclaimed be admitted to membership he give evidence of genuine repentance and of knowledge of the basics of Christianity. The early church was interested in edification as well as evangelism, in sanctification as well as conversion, in church government as well as preaching. ��) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftnref12 9 1 -1 9 0 “#_ftn12” 909) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 �� ) 6 3 3 8 0 0 That such teaching should not stop when a person has been baptized is clear from the words, teaching them to observe all that I have commanded you Think of: ) a. All of Christ s marvelous discourses. ) b. All of his parables; both ) 7 1 -1 9 0 0 a.) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 and ) 7 1 -1 9 0 0 b.) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 including ever so many commands, whether implied or expressed. Among them are: ) 6 1 3 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.15.4|AUTODETECT|” c. Precious sayings, such as: Abide in me & love each other & also bear witness 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.15.4|AUTODETECT|” John 15:4) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.15.12|AUTODETECT|” , ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.15.12|AUTODETECT|” 12) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.15.27|AUTODETECT|” , ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.15.27|AUTODETECT|” 27) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.5.44|AUTODETECT|” ); Love your enemies 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.5.44|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 5:44) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.9.23|AUTODETECT|” ); Deny yourself, take up your cross, and follow me 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.9.23|AUTODETECT|” Luke 9:23) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 ). ) 6 1 3 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.6.35|AUTODETECT|” d. Specific predictions and promises or assurances: He who comes to me will in no way get hungry, and he who believes in me will in no way get thirsty 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.6.35|AUTODETECT|” John 6:35) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 ); In the world you have tribulation; but be of good courage. I have conquered the world. Notice the implied directives for Christian conduct. ) 6 3 3 8 0 0 e. Add to this: the lessons on the cross, hypocrisy, proclaiming the gospel; on prayer, humility, trust, the forgiving spirit, the law. ) f. And is not even the narrative of Christ s sojourn on earth the account of his healing, traveling, suffering, death, resurrection, etc. full of implied commands ? ) Teaching them to observe all that I have commanded you, what an order! First of all for the eleven and for all ordained teachers; but certainly in a sense also for the entire church, the whole membership. Every true member is a witness-bearer. ) 6 1 3 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.10.14|AUTODETECT|” In view of the fact that after Christ s ascension there was some hesitancy on the part of Christian leaders to proclaim the gospel to the Gentiles 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.10.14|AUTODETECT|” Acts 10:14) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.10.28|AUTODETECT|” , ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.10.28|AUTODETECT|” 28) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.11.1-44.11.3|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.11.1-44.11.3|AUTODETECT|” 11:1 3) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.11.19|AUTODETECT|” , ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.11.19|AUTODETECT|” 19) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=48.2.11-48.2.13|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=48.2.11-48.2.13|AUTODETECT|” Gal. 2:11 13) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 ), there are those who believe that either the Great Commission is itself a myth, or else the church quickly forgot about it. They contend that in the book of Acts, the epistles, and the book of Revelation no trace of its influence can be detected. ) 6 1 3 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.1.5|AUTODETECT|” How can we be so sure of this? Do not the following passages testify to the possible influence of, among other factors, the Great Commission? See Acts 2:38, 39; 3:25; 4:12; 10:45; 11:1, 18; 13:46 49; 14:27; 15:7 11, 12, 13 19; 17:30; 19:10; 21:19, 20a; 22:15, 21; 26:15 20; 28:28; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.1.5|AUTODETECT|” Rom. 1:5) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.1.14-45.1.16|AUTODETECT|” , ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.1.14-45.1.16|AUTODETECT|” 14 16) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.11.32|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.11.32|AUTODETECT|” 11:32) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=48.2.9|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=48.2.9|AUTODETECT|” Gal. 2:9) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=48.3.28|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=48.3.28|AUTODETECT|” 3:28) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=49.3.8|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=49.3.8|AUTODETECT|” Eph. 3:8) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=49.3.9|AUTODETECT|” , ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=49.3.9|AUTODETECT|” 9) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=51.3.11|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=51.3.11|AUTODETECT|” Col. 3:11) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=54.1.15|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=54.1.15|AUTODETECT|” I Tim. 1:15) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.7.9|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.7.9|AUTODETECT|” Rev. 7:9) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.7.10|AUTODETECT|” , ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.7.10|AUTODETECT|” 10) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.22.17|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.22.17|AUTODETECT|” 22:17) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 . ) 7 1 3 8 0 0 The Great Comfort) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 ) 8 1 3 8 0 0 20b. and remember,��) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftnref13 12 1 -1 9 0 “#_ftn13” 910) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 �� I am with you day in day out until the close of the age.) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.14.23|AUTODETECT|” Cf. ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.14.23|AUTODETECT|” John 14:23) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.18.10|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.18.10|AUTODETECT|” Acts 18:10) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 . There is no vagueness about this assurance. It has been called a promise; it is ) 7 1 -1 9 0 0 a fact) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.25.31-40.25.40|AUTODETECT|” . Note the emphatic introduction: Remember, or Take note, Pay close attention, Look. The pronoun I, included in the verb, is also written as a separate word and is very emphatic, as if to say, No one less than I myself am with you. With you not just forever but all the days, or day in day out. Think of these days following each other one by one, each with its own trials, troubles, and difficulties, but each day also accompanied by the assurance, My grace is sufficient for you. I will never leave you or forsake you. This continues on and on until the close or consummation of the age. And even then there is nothing to fear; see ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.25.31-40.25.40|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 25:31 40) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 . ) 6 9 3 8 0 0 At the beginning, in the middle, and at the end of Matthew s Gospel, Jesus Christ assures the church of his constant and comforting presence: ) 1:23 ) See p. 133 ) Behold, the virgin shall conceive and give birth to a son, and his name shall be called Emmanuel, which, translated, is God with us. ) 18:20 ) See p. 702 ) For where two or three are gathered in my name there am I in the midst of them. ) 28:20 ) And remember, I am with you day in day out until the close of the age. ) 7 1 3 8 0 0 Reflection on Chapter 28) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 ) 7 1 3 8 0 0 Because of Christ s glorious resurrection we know that our) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 ) 6 1 3 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.8.1|AUTODETECT|” R. ight to heaven has been secured 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.8.1|AUTODETECT|” Rom. 8:1) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 ). ) 6 1 3 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=47.5.1|AUTODETECT|” E. arthly house is to be exchanged for the heavenly 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=47.5.1|AUTODETECT|” II Cor. 5:1) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 ). ) 6 1 3 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.4.25|AUTODETECT|” S. ins are forgiven 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.4.25|AUTODETECT|” Rom. 4:25) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 ). ) 6 1 3 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=49.3.14|AUTODETECT|” U. nion with the church above has begun 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=49.3.14|AUTODETECT|” Eph. 3:14) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 ). ) 6 1 3 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=49.3.20|AUTODETECT|” R. equests are being heard and answered 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=49.3.20|AUTODETECT|” Eph. 3:20) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 ). ) 6 1 3 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.16.33|AUTODETECT|” R. edeemer has triumphed; hence, so shall we triumph 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.16.33|AUTODETECT|” John 16:33) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 ). ) 6 1 3 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=50.4.12|AUTODETECT|” E. nergies are being constantly replenished 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=50.4.12|AUTODETECT|” Phil. 4:12) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=50.4.13|AUTODETECT|” , ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=50.4.13|AUTODETECT|” 13) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 ). ) 6 1 3 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.7.25|AUTODETECT|” C. hrist is living evermore to intercede for us 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.7.25|AUTODETECT|” Heb. 7:25) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 ). ) 6 1 3 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.4.15|AUTODETECT|” T. rials are understood and attended to 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.4.15|AUTODETECT|” Heb. 4:15) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 ). ) 6 1 3 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.14.19|AUTODETECT|” I. mmortality (glorious) is guaranteed 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.14.19|AUTODETECT|” John 14:19) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 ). ) 6 1 3 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=50.4.18|AUTODETECT|” O. blations are being accepted 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=50.4.18|AUTODETECT|” Phil. 4:18) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=50.4.19|AUTODETECT|” , ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=50.4.19|AUTODETECT|” 19) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 ). ) 6 1 3 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.10.20|AUTODETECT|” N. ames are written in heaven 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.10.20|AUTODETECT|” Luke 10:20) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 ). ) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftn1 9 1 3 8 0 “#_ftnref1” 899 ) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 It makes little difference whether one conceives of the Greek plural for ) 7 1 -1 9 0 0 sabbath) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 as referring ) 7 1 -1 9 0 0 to the day) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 or to an entire ) 7 1 -1 9 0 0 week) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 (the time from one day of rest to another). If the first is meant, then the idea is that this was the first day counting from the sabbath-day; hence, the first day after the sabbath-day. If the second is meant, the result is still the same; the day indicated is then not the last of the week but the first. In either case Sunday is meant. ) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftn2 9 1 3 8 0 “#_ftnref2” 900 ) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 For a possible harmony see N.T.C. on the Gospel according to John, Vol. II, p. 448, middle of page. ) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftn3 9 1 3 8 0 “#_ftnref3” 901 ) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 Greek 0���; see footnote 133 on p. 131. ) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftn4 10 1 3 8 0 “#_ftnref4” N.T.C. ) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 W. Hendriksen, New Testament Commentary ) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftn5 9 1 3 8 0 “#_ftnref5” 902 ) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.5|AUTODETECT|” To say that in negative commands the present imperative means that an action, already going on, must be stopped, is hardly sufficient. It is true that in many cases of this nature a prohibition to stop doing what one is already doing is indeed implied. So undoubtedly also here 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.5|AUTODETECT|” Luke 24:5) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 ). But that certainly is not the full meaning. Don t you be afraid not only means Stop doing what you are already doing, but also, Do the very opposite. This is a day of cheer, a day to rejoice with joy unspeakable and full of glory. ) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftn6 9 1 3 8 0 “#_ftnref6” 903 ) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 In verse 14 ����� most naturally refers back to the report which the soldiers are ordered to spread (verse 13). Therefore the rendering And if this (report) should reach the governor s ears, seems natural and best, rather than come to a hearing before the governor, favored by Lenski, ) 7 1 -1 9 0 0 op. cit.,) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 p. 1145. ) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftn7 9 1 3 8 0 “#_ftnref7” 904 ) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 H. J. Schonfield, ) 7 1 -1 9 0 0 op. cit.,) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 pp. 163 165. ) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftn8 9 1 3 8 0 “#_ftnref8” 905 ) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 Or: the consummation of the age. Or: the end of the world. ) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftn9 9 1 3 8 0 “#_ftnref9” 906 ) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 The verb is ������������, third per. pl. aor. indic. of ���������. In the Gospel according to Matthew this verb occurs again and again (2:2, 8, 11; 4:9, 10; 8:2; 9:18; 14:33; 15:25; 18:26; 20:20; 28:9, 17). It indicates dropping to one s knees in worship or in worshipful adoration. See especially on 2:11; 8:2; and 14:33. ) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftn10 9 1 3 8 0 “#_ftnref10” 907 ) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 Lenski 7 1 -1 9 0 0 op. cit.,) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 p. 1155) very definitely rejects into, as if it were an absolutely settled matter that this must be rejected. The matter, however, is not nearly as simple as all that. It is a well-known fact that in Koine Greek �� often means �, but that does not prove that it ) 7 1 -1 9 0 0 always) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 must have that meaning. Whether or not it does depends on such matters as whether in any particular passage it is based on Semitic usage, the kind of verbs and nouns with which it is used, etc. ) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftn11 9 1 3 8 0 “#_ftnref11” 908 ) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 For this argument see H. Bietenhard, art. D���� and related words, Th.D.N.T., Vol. V, p. 275; L. Berkhof, ) 7 1 -1 9 0 0 Systematic Theology) 6 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.19.3|AUTODETECT|” , p. 625. Does not this make ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.19.3|AUTODETECT|” Acts 19:3) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 easier to explain? ) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftn12 9 1 3 8 0 “#_ftnref12” 909 ) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 G. W. Knight, III, ) 7 1 -1 9 0 0 The Faithful Sayings in the Pastoral Epistles) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 , doctoral dissertation presented to the Free University at Amsterdam, Kampen, 1968, p. 148. Justin Martyr (about a.d. 114 165) states, As many as are persuaded and believe that what we teach and say is true, and undertake to be able to live accordingly, are instructed to pray and to entreat God with fasting, for the remission of their sins.& Then they are brought by us to where there is water & ) 7 1 -1 9 0 0 First Apology) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 , chap. 61. Another very early writing called ) 7 1 -1 9 0 0 The Didache or Teaching of The Twelve Apostles) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 is generally held to be in part a statement of the rules of Christian conduct that was to be taught to those who were looking forward to being baptized. ) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftn13 12 1 3 8 0 “#_ftnref13” 910 ) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 Or: ) 7 1 -1 9 0 0 note well) 6 1 -1 9 0 0 . For the meaning and translation of ����� see footnote 133, on p. 131. )