Exodus 12

Exodus 12:1

SPake] It is likely that this was before the plague of darknesse.

Exodus 12:2

This moneth] Called by the Hebrews Abib: Exod. 13. 4. and 23. 15. Dut. 16. 1. and by the Chaldeans Nisan, Hest. 3. 7. which was the moone after the Equinectiall of the spring Shall be] Whereas untill this day the yeare hath begun the moone after the Autumnall equinectiall, Gen. 7. 11. and 8. 5, 14. hereafter you shall have an holy yeare which shall begin the fore-said moneth of Abib, and the other yeare shall remaine for civill acts, and affaires: see Exo. 23. 16. and 34. 22.

Exodus 12:3

In the tenth] This keeping of the Paschall Lambe for foure dayes or there abouts was ordained to teach the preparation, and sanctification, required in the participation of the Sacraments. And also to figure unto us that Christ the true mysticall lambe, after his solemne consecration through Baptisme, should exercise his function for three years and a half untill his death: see Daniel 9:27. Christ did also the tenth day of this moneth, make entrance into Jerusalem: and the fifteenth he was crucified. Now because there is no mention made elsewhere of this keeping; it is likely that it was one of the singularities for the first celebration, v. 6. which had no perpetuall Law Every man] the Italian hath it,Every house] To shew the communion of the Church, in the enjoying of Christ, and his benefits.

Exodus 12:4

Take it] Let them joyntly provide the lambe, and provide in common, for all things required for this action According to the number] in such manner, that these two, do make out of their families, a sufficient number, to eat up a lambe at one time.

Exodus 12:5

Without blemish] A figure of Christs perfct jstice and innocency: Hebrews 9:14. 1 Peter 1:19.

Exodus 12:6

Utill the fourteenth] Towards the end of which day, which was at the setting of the sunne, the lmbe was killed, made ready, and eaten, v. 18. Leviticus 23:5. Numbers 28:16. and then immediatly after, being the fifteenth, begun the feast of unleavened bread, Lev. 21 6. Numbers 28:16. and ended on the even of the one and twentieth In the evening] The Italian hath it, Beween the two evengs] The Jewes anciently used no houres but did part the light, or naturall day, into morning, midday, and evening. Psal. 55 18. Daniel 6:10.

Now the midday and evening, were by them called by a duall name, as who should say two middayes, and two evenings, because that under the name of midday, were comprehended two houres before, and two houres after th just meidinall point: and under the name of evening, the beginning of the nnes declining untill the full setting thereof. The Romanes brought up the division of day light into twelve houres, whereby this time of two evenings, was then accounted from the ninth houre, or three in the afternoone, untill the sun was set: see Acts 3. 1. and 10. 3. 6. and this time answereth just to the time of Christs death. Matth. 27 46. Mark 15:34.

Exodus 12:7

Of the blood] For a marke to distinguish those houses which God would free from that corporall death, which should overthrow the Egyptians houses, and for a figure of the application of Christs bloud in baptisme, for the redemption from everlasting death, which falls upon the rest of the world: see concerning the spirituall seale, figured by this: Revelation 7. 3. and 9. 4. and 14. 1. This circumstance also was singular for the first Passeover.

Exodus 12:8

Let them eate] So Christ having sealed us with his bloud in Baptisme, to absolve us from death, and damnation; doth afterwards give himselfe to us for food: whereof the holy Communion is a Sacrament In that night] In the evening of the fourteenth, the night of the fifteenth comming in, into which night the n eale did also somewhat extend it selfe oste] To figure Christs uerings, which were extreame and universall, without any drop of comfort, or refreshing: subsisting in the fire of Gods anger against the sin of man, for which he was become pay-master. Psalm. 22. 15. 16. John 19:28. Through the onely juice (as one may say) of his owne justice and innocency With unleavened bread] In remembrance of their hasty departure out of Egypt, verse 34. and for the peoples poverty in that countrie: Deuteron. 16. 3. and to teach us that none can participate of Christ, with the leaven of hypocrisie, impurity, or malice: Matth. 16. 6. 11. 1 Corinthians 5:7-8.Bitter hearbs] The Italian hath it, Wide lettuce] So the Hebrew word is translated by the ancient: and so now the Jewes do use to eat wilde succory, which hath been holden for a kinde of lettuce, dipped in a certaine sauce made with other bitter hearbs. That signified at that time, the troubles which should accompany the people at their going out of Egypt, untill they did arrive into the Land of Canaan. And for ever the tribulations of all the true faithfull partakers of Christs life, and of his sufferings, Matthew 20:22-23. Romans 8:17.

Exodus 12:9

Rw] Ill, or half dressed. As a figure of Christ, who to be our true Passeover, was to be afflicted to the uttermost. Isaiah 53:3 Sodden] Because that water correcteth and tempereth the scortching of the fire; which did not befall Christ at all, who felt the heat of Gods wrath against sin, without any lightening or eas.Head] this betoakeneth also that Christ ought to be apprehended by faith, in his whle person; his office, grace, justice, and benefits without any division The purenance] Namely that which was to be eaten, and not be offered unto God, as the fat, the caul, and the kidneies were: 2 Chron. 35. 12. 14.

Exodus 12:10

Ye shall let nothing] to avoid superstition, and to shew that Christ must be apprehended whole and at once.

Exodus 12:11

With your loines] the Italian ath it, Have your loines] with your garments girded, and tuckt up, alter the manner of travailers, to be ready to depart out of Egypt. A figure of all the faithfuls preparation, to expect Christ for their full deliverance, disburthened of all affctions, sollicitudes, and other carnall hinderances: Luke 12:35. 1 Peter 1:13. This ceremony was also singular, and peculiar for that first Passeover, as it app〈…〉th by our Saviours Passeover with his Apostles Passeover] that is in commemoration of the passing over of the destroying Angell, by whom I will work your deliverance. It is a figure and Sacrament of Christ his passing out of the world to the Father by death: John 13:1. by which the Church hath obtained redemption.

Exodus 12:12

Execute judgement] Either that the Idols of Egypt by miracle were thrown down, or that he only meaneth, that through his judgements upon Egypt, he would confound the false Gods thereof, that they should not be able to escape. see pon Isa. 19. 1. and 46. 1. and elsewhere in the Prophets I am] a manner of affirming a thing, as it were by oath, as if he should say; as certaine, as it is true that I am the Lord.

Exodus 12:13

A token] of safety to you, and for a distinction to mine Angel: as Ezech. 9. 4. Revelation 7:3 To destroy you] not like unto the Egyptians plague.

Exodus 12:14

For ever] All the time that ceremonies shall last, namely till Christ, who by the fulfilling of them, shall abolish the use of them, bringing in a new age, and state in the Church, Romans 10:4. Colossians 2:16-17.

Exodus 12:16

A holy] That is to say, a solemne and holy day, on which the people shall meet in a place for the publique servce of God, to be instructed in his word, and to render unto him the worship of praises, and sacrifices, &c. Leviticus 23:35-36 May be done] Unlesse it were in case, that ay should fall on the Sabbath, which day the making ready of meat was forbidden: Exo. 16. 25. and 35. 3. And it is credible that this permission did extend also to other solemne feasts.

Exodus 12:22

Ye shall take] This also was ordained only for the first Passeover Untill the]That is to say, before the slaying of the first borne be ended: for otherwise they went out in the night, yet somewhat neere the morning, v. 42.

Exodus 12:23

Will passe] The Italian hath it, When the Lord shall passe] That is to say, shall cause his destroying Angel to passe.

Exodus 12:24

This thing] The generall command of the Passeover, and unleavened bread, but not to observe all the particular forenamed orders.

Exodus 12:25

When ye be] For the Passeover, by reason of many discommodities, was kept but once in the wildernesse, and that by Gods expresse command: Numbers 9:2-3.This service] The Sacraments being part of the sacred acts of the publique service of God.

Exodus 12:27

The sacrifice] The Passeover signified Christs sacrifice, and likewise the application which the faithfull man, ought to make thereof to himselfe, through a lively faith; wherefore the passeover participated, both of the sacrifice, wherein he is offred to God, and of the Sacrament, wherein his grace is received. As it was a sacrifi: Exodus 34:25. Num. 9. 7. 13. D〈…〉on. 16. 2. 5. the bloud of the Lambe was sprinkled in a holy place by the Priests; and the fat, the caul and the kidneyes were burnt upon the Altar, Deuteronomy 16:2. 2 Chronicles 35:11-12; 2 Chronicles 35:14. According as God did afterwards specifie these ceremonies. As it was a Sacrament the flesh was eaten by every particular person Bowed the head] in token of submission, and reverent acceptance of the commandement.

Exodus 12:29

Captive] That is to say, of the slaves. Exodus 11:5. who wrought in irons, and in the prison also, where they were shut up after their work, see Judges 16:21.

Exodus 12:31

He called] He caused him to be called, and told in his name, for Moses did see Pharaoh no more, Exodus 10:29.

Exodus 12:32

And blessed me] that is to say, pray unto God for me, laying aside all hatred and rancour.

Exodus 12:34

Leavened] Before the water was well dried up in it, or was well setled, which is required in dough, although it be unleavened, before it be baked; because that howsoever all leaven was forbidden from the beginning of the fifteenth, verse 15. 19.

Exodus 12:35

They borrowed] They had done it after the ninth plague, before the tenth: Exodus 11:2.

Exodus 12:36

They lent] the Italian hath it, They had lent] see upon Exodus 3:22.

Exodus 12:37

Succoth] This name seemeth to be given to this place, by reason of the cabins and bowres, which the people made there in hast, for their first resting place On foot] That is to say, compleate, and able men, fitting to walke in battaile array without riding upon beasts, or in waggons, like women, and weake old men, and little children: Numbers 1:45-46 Children] the Italian hath it, Housholds] That is of women and children.

Exodus 12:38

Multitude] that is to say strangers, the Israelites servants, or some which had voluntarily joyned themselves whith them: see Numb. 11. 4.

Exodus 12:39

Leavened] It had no leaven amongst it, because it was forbidden, nor was not well made up, by reason of the haste, v. 34 Prepared] that is to say, before hand.

Exodus 12:40

Fou hundred] Within this account is comprehended all the time since Abraham came out of Chaldea, Genesis 12:1. and he and his successors remained as strangers in divers countries, for the people were in Aegypt but 210. or 215. yeares.

Exodus 12:42

To be much observed] That is to say, solemne, and hallowed by many ceremonies, which God ordained to be straightly observed, making it more famous than any night in the yeare, by the remembrance of so many benefits, and wonders For bringing them] The Italian hath it, When he brought them] or chosen to bring them out, in, or after that he had brought them out.

Exodus 12:43

A Forrainer] by nation, or by religion, who is not by circumcision incorporated into the Church of God, to which alone are made the promises of grace; and to whom also appertaine the seales and Sacraments thereof.

Exodus 12:44

Hast circumcised] Seeing he had voluntarily embraced the Churches faith, and desired to weare the Character of it: see upon Genes. 17. 12 He shall eate thereof] That is to say, he shall have right to it, and libertie to do it, and shall be bound thereunto. As under the Gospell, a man hath no right to the Lords table, if he hath not been baptized: and even as one that is not living, cannot be nourished.

Exodus 12:45

A forreiner] He that upon some occasion liveth amongst the people, and is not by right, nor religion incorporated. And the same must be undrstood of the mercenary and uncircumcised stranger.

Exodus 12:46

In one house] Every familie shall cat it in one and the selfe same place: verse 3 Not carry forth] To avoid all superstitious abuse, ut of Gods ordinance, and to shew that out of the Church and the communion of Saints, there can be no participation of Christs spirituall goods Neither shall ye break] A figure of Christ whose bones were not broken, as the two theeves bones were: John 19:33. to shew that no man had power to take away his life; but that he voluntarily had laid it downe: John 10. 48.

Exodus 12:48

Of the Lord] Or to the Lord, that is to say, to his honour and service All his males] see Genesis 17:10.