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Isaiah 49:10 — Word Study

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WLCלֹ֤א יִרְעָ֙בוּ֙ וְלֹ֣א יִצְמָ֔אוּ וְלֹא־ יַכֵּ֥ם שָׁרָ֖ב וָשָׁ֑מֶשׁ כִּי־ מְרַחֲמָ֣ם יְנַהֲגֵ֔ם וְעַל־ מַבּ֥וּעֵי מַ֖יִם יְנַהֲלֵֽם׃

BSAThey will notlôʼ [never experience] hungerrâʻêb or thirsttsâmêʼ [be afflicted with] nor willlôʼ scorching heatshârâb [intense, parching] or sunshemesh [the celestial body] beat down on themnâkâh Forkîy He who has compassion on themrâcham [shows, exercises, mercy, loving-kindness] will guide themnâhag [lead, direct] and lead themnâhal [conduct, escort] besideʻal [near, alongside] springsmabbûwaʻ [fountains, sources] of watermayim [refreshment, spiritual nourishment]

Word
Listen & take awayIsaiah 49
English ↓ Download MP3 The Berean Standard Bible chapter audio already hosted for the site's Bible section — verse 10 is in this chapter.
Hebrew ↓ Download MP3 The Masoretic text of this chapter, read aloud. Read by Abraham Shmuelof, courtesy of Audio Scriptures International. Chapter divisions by the Academy of Ancient Languages..
Say the word Each Hebrew word carries its transliteration (ye.na.ha.Lem) — no per-word recordings of the Hebrew exist to link to.
Take it away
Isaiah 49:10quick helps
In a sentenceThe verse promises that God's people will not suffer hunger or thirst, and He will guide them to places of refreshment.
Who is speakingThe prophet Isaiah, conveying God's assurance to His people.
Where we areThis verse is part of a larger passage where God reassures His people of His care and provision.
The hard wordמְרַחֲמָ֣ם, me.ra.cha.Mam
Take awayGod's compassion leads to guidance and sustenance.
8 commentators on this verse Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them › clause verbרָעֵב The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
How rare are these words?in the Old Testament

Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.

Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.

Deep Study — Isaiah 49:10

Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.

Context — God's Promises of Provisiongenerated

9to say to the prisoners, ‘Come out,’ and to those in darkness, ‘Show yourselves.’ They will feed along the pathways, and find pasture on every barren hill.
10They will not hunger or thirst, nor will scorching heat or sun beat down on them. For He who has compassion on them will guide them and lead them beside springs of water.
11I will turn all My mountains into roads, and My highways will be raised up.
12Behold, they will come from far away, from the north and from the west, and from the land of Aswan. ”

Isaiah 49:10 is part of a message of hope where God reassures His people that He will provide for their needs. This promise highlights God's compassion and care, assuring them that they will not experience hunger or thirst, and that He will guide them to places where they can find refreshment, symbolized by springs of water. This theme resonates with other passages in Isaiah where God promises sustenance and care to His people, emphasizing His role as a shepherd.


Cross References

ReferenceText (BSB)
1Matthew 5:6Blessed are those who hunger and thirst for righteousness, for they will be filled.
2John 6:35Jesus answered, “I am the bread of life. Whoever comes to Me will never hunger, and whoever believes in Me will never thirst.
3Revelation 7:16–17‘Never again will they hunger, and never will they thirst; nor will the sun beat down upon them, nor any scorching heat.’
4Isaiah 4:6a shelter to give shade from the heat by day, and a refuge and hiding place from the storm and the rain.
5Isaiah 25:4For You have been a refuge for the poor, a stronghold for the needy in distress, a refuge from the storm, a shade from the heat. For the breath of the ruthless is like rain against a wall,

The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 12 references, hung on the phrase they belong to


The Key Word מְרַחֲמָ֣ם, me.ra.cha.Mamgenerated

The word רָחַם (racham) means to have compassion or show love. It conveys a sense of deep affection and mercy, often used to describe God's mercy towards humanity. The form used here, מְרַחֲמָ֣ם (me.ra.cha.Mam), indicates an active sense of compassion directed towards His people.

This word is built from the root that emphasizes tenderness and pity, highlighting the emotional depth of God's relationship with His people. It captures the essence of God's nurturing character, assuring them of His ongoing support and guidance.


How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated

This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.


Sentence Structuregenerated

The verse contains a series of clauses that build on the central promise of God's provision. The main verb is יְנַהֲגֵ֔ם, he will guide them, which governs the actions described in the preceding clauses.

The structure emphasizes the negation of hunger and thirst, with three clauses leading into the assurance of God's guidance. This arrangement highlights the contrast between the absence of need and the presence of divine care.


Septuagint Backgroundgenerated

The Septuagint translates מְרַחֲמָ֣ם as ἐλεῶν, which carries the sense of showing mercy. This choice aligns with the overarching theme of compassion found in the Hebrew text, though it may emphasize the act of mercy more than the emotional depth implied in the Hebrew.

The translation of יַכֵּ֥ם as αὐτοὺς indicates a focus on the people being affected by the scorching heat, maintaining the original context of divine protection.


In plain words — the whole versegenerated

Isaiah 49:10 assures us that God's people will not suffer from hunger or thirst. God promises to guide them and lead them to places of refreshment, represented by springs of water. This reflects God's care and compassion for His people, emphasizing His role as a protector and provider.


Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated

What does it mean that they will not hunger or thirst?

This indicates that God will provide for their physical and spiritual needs, ensuring they lack nothing essential.

How does God show compassion to His people?

God's compassion is shown through His guidance and provision, leading His people to places where they can find refreshment and sustenance.

What are the springs of water a metaphor for?

The springs of water symbolize life, renewal, and spiritual nourishment that God provides to His people.

How does this verse relate to other promises in Isaiah?

This verse connects with other passages in Isaiah that emphasize God's care and provision for His people, reinforcing the theme of divine protection.


Reflection Questionsgenerated

  1. In what areas of my life do I need to trust God's provision and guidance?
  2. How can I be more aware of God's compassion in my daily life?
  3. What does it mean for me to find refreshment in God, like the springs of water mentioned in this verse?
  4. How can I share the message of God's care and provision with others?

The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it

The early Church Fathers reference this verse to discuss God's mercy and provision. Their commentary highlights the spiritual nourishment and guidance offered to believers.

Eusebius of CaesareaCOMMENTARY ON Isaiah 2:35 c. 260–340
“The merciful One will encourage them, and he will lead them by springs of water.” For the springs of Israel and of salvation are plentiful.
Early Church Fathers on Isaiah 49 →
Cyril of AlexandriaCOMMENTARY ON Isaiah 4:4.49:8-12 c. 376–444
After they were called to the light of truth, they were provided with pastures and forests that nurtured their spiritual strength and satisfied them with every good thing.
Early Church Fathers on Isaiah 49 →
Theodoret of CyrusCOMMENTARY ON Isaiah 15:49.10 c. 393–460
He has threatened Israel [with suffering] hunger for the Word and [with] a dearth of clouds: “I will send,” he says, “a famine of hearing the word of the Lord,” and elsewhere: “And I will command the clouds to rain no rain upon it.” Here,
Early Church Fathers on Isaiah 49 →

Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse

Each of these wrote on Isaiah 49:10 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.

John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

They shall not hunger nor thirst,.... Being fed in the ways and high places of Gospel ordinances with the love of God, with covenant mercies and precious promises, with Christ, the bread of life, and

Read John Gill on Isaiah 49 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary

They shall not hunger nor thirst; neither shall the heat nor sun smite them: for he that hath mercy on them shall lead them, even by the springs of water shall he guide them. They shall not hunger nor thirst.

Read Robert Jamieson on Isaiah 49 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy Bible

They shall not hunger nor thirst, neither shall the heat nor sun smite them; they shall be supplied with all good and necessary things, and kept from all evil occurrents. He that hath mercy on them shall lead them; God who hath magnified his mercy to them will conduct them with safety and comfort.

Read Matthew Poole on Isaiah 49 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

Isaiah 49:10 They shall not hunger nor thirst; neither shall the heat nor sun smite them: for he that hath mercy on them shall lead them, even by the springs of water shall he guide them.Ver. 10. They shall not hunger nor thirst.] A sufficiency the saints have, even of outward comforts, if not a superfluity; and for inward, sunt nobis pascua, pocula, et panis coelestis, they "shall not want"; yea, they shall "over exceedingly abound." So little cause is there for the Jew to jeer us as poor and forlorn; spiritual alimony we are sure of, and bread and water with the gospel are good cheer. See Revelation 7:16. Neither shall the heat nor sun smite them.] As Psalms 121:6. For he that hath mercy…

Read John Trapp on Isaiah 49 →
Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(10) Neither shall the heat . . .—The word is the same as the “parched ground” of Isaiah 35:7, and stands, as there, for the mirage of the scorching desert.

Read Charles John Ellicott on Isaiah 49 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

10. neither shall the heat … smite them] The word for heat should probably be rendered the hot wind (Sirocco; LXX., καύσων). It is often taken to denote the mirage (see on ch. Isaiah 35:7), but that meaning is unsuitable here on account of the verb “smite.”

Read Cambridge on Isaiah 49 →
Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the Bible

They shall not hunger nor thirst - All their needs shall be abundantly provided for, as a shepherd will provide for his flock.

Read Albert Barnes on Isaiah 49 →
Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible

8-10. In an acceptable time — Better, in a time of favour; that is, in the far future times, when Providence shall guide to changes in favour of men’s hearing, pondering, and accepting the Gospel.

Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Isaiah 49 →

The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company

Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.

Modern formal

BSBBerean Standard Bible2020

They will not hunger or thirst, nor will scorching heat or sun beat down on them. For He who has compassion on them will guide them and lead them beside springs of water.

WEBWorld English Bible2000

They shall not hunger nor thirst; neither shall the heat nor sun strike them, for he who has mercy on them will lead them. He will guide them by springs of water.

MSBMajority Standard Bible2022

They will not hunger or thirst, nor will scorching heat or sun beat down on them. For He who has compassion on them will guide them and lead them beside springs of water.

NETBNew English Translation2006

They will not be hungry or thirsty; the sun’s oppressive heat will not beat down on them, for one who has compassion on them will guide them; he will lead them to springs of water.

Tyndale line

KJVKing James Version1611

They shall not hunger nor thirst; neither shall the heat nor sun smite them: for he that hath mercy on them shall lead them, even by the springs of water shall he guide them.

ASVAmerican Standard Version1901

They shall not hunger nor thirst; neither shall the heat nor sun smite them: for he that hath mercy on them will lead them, even by springs of water will he guide them.

RVARevised Version, American1894

They shall not hunger nor thirst; neither shall the heat nor sun smite them: for he that hath mercy on them shall lead them, even by the springs of water shall he guide them.

NWBWebster's Bible1833

They shall not hunger nor thirst, neither shall the heat nor sun smite them: for he that hath mercy on them shall lead them, even by the springs of water shall he guide them.

GNVGeneva Bible1599

They shall not be hungrie, neither shall they be thirstie, neither shall the heat smite them, nor the sunne: for he that hath compassion on them, shall leade them: euen to the springs of waters shall he driue them.

Strictly literal

DBYDarby Translation1890

They shall not hunger nor thirst, neither shall the heat nor sun smite them; for he that hath mercy on them will lead them, and by the springs of water will he guide them.

YLTYoung's Literal Translation1862

They do not hunger, nor thirst, Nor smite them doth mirage and sun, For He who is pitying them doth lead them, And by fountains of waters doth tend them.

LSVLiteral Standard Version2020

They do not hunger, nor thirst, || Nor do mirage and sun strike them, || For He who is pitying them leads them, || And tends them by fountains of waters.

ILTInterlinear Literal Translation2000

They shall not be hungry nor thirsty, and neither heat nor sun shall smite them; for he that hath mercy on them will lead them, and by springs of water will he guide them.

ULBUnlocked Literal Bible2017

They will not be hungry or thirsty; nor will the heat or sun beat on them, for he who has mercy on them will lead them; he will guide them to springs of water.

From the Latin

DRADouay-Rheims (Challoner)1899

They shall not hunger, nor thirst, neither shall the heat nor the sun strike them: for he that is merciful to them, shall be their shepherd, and at the fountains of waters he shall give them drink.

Simplified

FBVFree Bible Version2020

They won't be hungry or thirsty, and they won't get hot in the sun, for the one who loves them will lead them to springs, and guide them to water.

BBEBible in Basic English1949

They will not be in need of food or drink, or be troubled by the heat or the sun: for he who has mercy on them will be their guide, taking them by the springs of water.

Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.


The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank

This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.

clauseadverbialלֹ֤אnotverbיִרְעָ֨בוּ֙they.will.be.hungryוְandclauseadverbialלֹ֣אnotverbיִצְמָ֔אוּthey.will.be.thirstyוְandclauseadverbialלֹאnotverbיַכֵּ֥itobjectםwill.strike.themnoun phrase · subjectשָׁרָ֖בburning.heatוָandשָׁ֑מֶשׁsunכִּי(dm)clausenoun phrase · subjectמְרַחֲמָ֣[oneםwho].has.compassion.on.themverbיְנַהֲגֵ֔heobjectםwill.guide.themוְandclauseprepositional phrase · prepositionalעַלtonoun phraseמַבּ֥וּעֵיspringsמַ֖יִםof.waterverbיְנַהֲלֵֽheobjectםwill.lead.them

Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.


The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran

The Masoretic Text is consistent with the Septuagint and the Dead Sea Scrolls, with all witnesses agreeing on the wording of this verse. The scrolls provide a nearly identical reading, confirming the integrity of the text across traditions.

Masoretic TextLeningrad Codex, c. AD 1008 — the text this page is built on

לֹ֤א יִרְעָ֙בוּ֙ וְלֹ֣א יִצְמָ֔אוּ וְלֹא־ יַכֵּ֥ם שָׁרָ֖ב וָשָׁ֑מֶשׁ כִּי־ מְרַחֲמָ֣ם יְנַהֲגֵ֔ם וְעַל־ מַבּ֥וּעֵי מַ֖יִם יְנַהֲלֵֽם׃

Septuagintthe Greek the translators chose, word by word
לֹ֤אοὐיִרְעָ֙בוּ֙πεινάσουσινוְלֹ֣אοὐδὲיִצְמָ֔אוּδιψήσουσινוְלֹא־οὐδὲיַכֵּ֥םαὐτοὺςשָׁרָ֖בκαύσωνוָשָׁ֑מֶשׁἥλιοςכִּי־ἀλλὰמְרַחֲמָ֣םἐλεῶνיְנַהֲגֵ֔םπαρακαλέσειוְעַל־διὰמַבּ֥וּעֵיπηγῶνמַ֖יִםὑδάτωνיְנַהֲלֵֽם׃αὐτούς

15 of the 15 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.

Dead Sea Scrolls — 1Qisaaa copy a thousand years older than the Leningrad Codex

לוא ירעבו ולוא יצמאו ולוא יכ׳ם שוב ושמש כיא מרחמ׳ם ינהג׳מ ועל מבועי מים ינהל׳ם

15 words on the leather.

Dead Sea Scrolls — 1Q8a copy a thousand years older than the Leningrad Codex

לא [ירעבו] [ולא] [יצמאו] [ולא] [יכ׳ם] [שרב] [ושמש] [כי] מרחמ׳ם ינהג׳ם ועל מבעי [מים] [ינהל׳ם]

4 words on the leather — 1 partly restored, 10 supplied entire by an editor.

Dead Sea Scrolls — 4Q58a copy a thousand years older than the Leningrad Codex

לא ירעבו ולא יצמאו [ולא] יכ׳ם [שרב] [ושמש] [כי] [מרחמ׳ם] [ינהג׳ם] [ועל] [מבועי] מים ינהל׳ם

3 words on the leather — 4 partly restored, 8 supplied entire by an editor.

Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.


The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with

This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.

Isaiah 49:10לֹאnotnotלֹארָעֵבthey will bthey will be huרָעֵבלֹאand notand notלֹאצָמֵאthey will bthey will be thצָמֵאלֹאand notand notלֹאנָכָהit will strit will strike נָכָהשָׁרָבburning heaburning heatשָׁרָבשֶׁ֫מֶשׁand sunand sunשֶׁ֫מֶשׁכִּיforforכִּירָחַם[one who] h[one who] has cרָחַםנָהַגhe will guihe will guide tנָהַגעַלand toand toעַלמַבּוּעַsprings ofsprings ofמַבּוּעַמַיwaterwaterמַינָהַלhe will leahe will lead thנָהַלנָבַעto bubbleto bubbleנָבַעבֵּיתHeliopolisHeliopolisבֵּיתעַלheightheightעַליָכֹלbe ablebe ableיָכֹלעוֹדstillstillעוֹדמַיWater (GatWater (Gate)מַימִקְנֶהlivestocklivestockמִקְנֶהכֹּחַreptilereptileכֹּחַנֶ֫פֶשׁsoulsoulנֶ֫פֶשׁאֵלgodgodאֵלמַכָּהwoundwoundמַכָּהפְּלִשְׁתִּי(Sea of th(Sea of the) Phפְּלִשְׁתִּייָרֵחַmoonmoonיָרֵחַזָרַחto riseto riseזָרַחיָדַעto knowto knowיָדַעהָמָהto roarto roarהָמָהצֹאןSheep (GatSheep (Gate)צֹאןכִּפֶּרto atoneto atoneכִּפֶּר
meets it a little oftener than chancemeets it far oftener than chancebuilt from the same roottwo words of the verse share ita word of this versea related word

Lexicons — every word in Isaiah 49:10

One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.

Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.

not they will be hungry and not they will be thirsty and not it will strike them burning heat and sun for [one who] has compassion on them he will guide them and to springs of water he will lead them
לֹ֤אlo' not H3808 Particle
5,170× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for not or no is used to indicate absence or negation, as when God says no to the Israelites' requests, or when they disobey His commands.
Amplified meaning
never experience
Tyndale gloss
not
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

לֹא (lo') is a Hebrew word meaning 'not' or 'no.' It serves as a simple negation and can imply absence or prohibition. The word can also be used in various contexts, often combined with other particles for emphasis or clarification. Its Aramaic equivalent is לָא (la), which also means 'not.'

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

לֹא or לוֹא adv. not

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3808 לֹא or לוֹא not

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3808 lo' lo

or lowi {lo}; or loh (Deut. 3:11) {lo}; a primitive particle;

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often

used with other particles (as follows):--X before, + or else,

ere, + except, ig(-norant), much, less, nay, neither, never,

no((-ne), -r, (-thing)), (X as though...,(can-), for) not (out

of), of nought, otherwise, out of, + surely, + as truly as, +

of a truth, + verily, for want, + whether, without.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

לֹא (lo) — not.

1) not, no

1a) not (with verb-absolute prohibition)

1b) not (with modifier-negation)

1c) nothing (subst)

1d) without (with particle)

1e) before (of time)

Aramaic equivalent: la (לָא "not" H3809)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Part — Particle
HTn
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
not they will be hungry and not they will be thirsty and not it will strike them burning heat and sun for [one who] has compassion on them he will guide them and to springs of water he will lead them
יִרְעָ֙בוּ֙yir.'A.vu they will be hungry H7456 Verb · Qal · imperfect third person masculine plural
13× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
To be hungry is what this Hebrew verb means, and it is used in stories like Exodus and Matthew to describe physical need. Hunger is a basic human experience, and the Bible often uses it to illustrate spiritual longing.
Tyndale gloss
be hungry
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

רָעֵב (ra`eb) is a Hebrew verb meaning 'to be hungry.' It is a primitive root that can also imply allowing someone to hunger. The entries indicate its use in both the Qal and Hiphil stems, covering the basic state of hunger and the act of causing hunger.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

רָעֵב vb. be hungry

Qal be hungry

Hiph. allow one to hunger

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H7456 רָעֵב be hungry

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

7456 ra`eb raw-abe'

a primitive root; to hunger:--(suffer to) famish, (be, have,

suffer, suffer to) hunger(-ry).

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

רָעֵב (ra.ev) — be hungry.

1) to be hungry, be voracious

1a) (Qal) to be hungry

1b) (Hiphil) to allow one to be hungry, allow to hunger

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal-Imperf-3mp — Verb · Qal · imperfect third person masculine plural
HVqi3mp
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
not they will be hungry and not they will be thirsty and not it will strike them burning heat and sun for [one who] has compassion on them he will guide them and to springs of water he will lead them
וְלֹ֣אve.Lo' and not H3808 Conjunction · particle
5,170× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for not or no is used to indicate absence or negation, as when God says no to the Israelites' requests, or when they disobey His commands.
Tyndale gloss
not
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

לֹא (lo') is a Hebrew word meaning 'not' or 'no.' It serves as a simple negation and can imply absence or prohibition. The word can also be used in various contexts, often combined with other particles for emphasis or clarification. Its Aramaic equivalent is לָא (la), which also means 'not.'

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

לֹא or לוֹא adv. not

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3808 לֹא or לוֹא not

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3808 lo' lo

or lowi {lo}; or loh (Deut. 3:11) {lo}; a primitive particle;

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often

used with other particles (as follows):--X before, + or else,

ere, + except, ig(-norant), much, less, nay, neither, never,

no((-ne), -r, (-thing)), (X as though...,(can-), for) not (out

of), of nought, otherwise, out of, + surely, + as truly as, +

of a truth, + verily, for want, + whether, without.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

לֹא (lo) — not.

1) not, no

1a) not (with verb-absolute prohibition)

1b) not (with modifier-negation)

1c) nothing (subst)

1d) without (with particle)

1e) before (of time)

Aramaic equivalent: la (לָא "not" H3809)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | Part — Conjunction · particle
HC/Tn
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
not they will be hungry and not they will be thirsty and not it will strike them burning heat and sun for [one who] has compassion on them he will guide them and to springs of water he will lead them
יִצְמָ֔אוּyitz.Ma.'u they will be thirsty H6770 Verb · Qal · imperfect third person masculine plural
10× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means to feel thirsty, either physically or spiritually, and is used in the Bible to describe a strong desire or longing, like in Psalm 42:2 where David thirsts for God. It can also refer to a lack of something, like water or satisfaction. It is often used figuratively.
Amplified meaning
be afflicted with
Tyndale gloss
to thirst
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

צָמֵא (tsame') is a primitive root meaning 'to thirst,' which can be understood both literally and figuratively. The entries consistently describe it as a verb indicating the state of being thirsty.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[צָמֵא] vb. be thirsty

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H6770 צָמֵא be thirsty

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

6770 tsame' tsaw-may'

a primitive root; to thirst (literally or

figuratively):--(be a-, suffer) thirst(-y).

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

צָמֵא (tsa.me) — to thirst.

(Qal) to be thirsty

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal-Imperf-3mp — Verb · Qal · imperfect third person masculine plural
HVqi3mp
not they will be hungry and not they will be thirsty and not it will strike them burning heat and sun for [one who] has compassion on them he will guide them and to springs of water he will lead them
וְלֹא־ve.lo'- and not H3808 Conjunction · particle
5,170× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for not or no is used to indicate absence or negation, as when God says no to the Israelites' requests, or when they disobey His commands.
Tyndale gloss
not
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

לֹא (lo') is a Hebrew word meaning 'not' or 'no.' It serves as a simple negation and can imply absence or prohibition. The word can also be used in various contexts, often combined with other particles for emphasis or clarification. Its Aramaic equivalent is לָא (la), which also means 'not.'

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

לֹא or לוֹא adv. not

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3808 לֹא or לוֹא not

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3808 lo' lo

or lowi {lo}; or loh (Deut. 3:11) {lo}; a primitive particle;

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often

used with other particles (as follows):--X before, + or else,

ere, + except, ig(-norant), much, less, nay, neither, never,

no((-ne), -r, (-thing)), (X as though...,(can-), for) not (out

of), of nought, otherwise, out of, + surely, + as truly as, +

of a truth, + verily, for want, + whether, without.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

לֹא (lo) — not.

1) not, no

1a) not (with verb-absolute prohibition)

1b) not (with modifier-negation)

1c) nothing (subst)

1d) without (with particle)

1e) before (of time)

Aramaic equivalent: la (לָא "not" H3809)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HC/Tn — Conjunction · particle
HC/Tn
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
not they will be hungry and not they will be thirsty and not it will strike them burning heat and sun for [one who] has compassion on them he will guide them and to springs of water he will lead them
יַכֵּ֥םya.Kem it will strike them H5221 Verb hiphil imperfect third person masculine singular · suffix
500× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the Bible, this Hebrew word means to strike or hit something, and it's used in many different ways, like in Exodus when God strikes down the Egyptians. It can also mean to punish or destroy, as seen in Isaiah. The word is used to describe God's judgment.
Tyndale gloss
to smite
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

נָכָה (nakah) is a Hebrew verb meaning to strike or smite, encompassing a range of actions from lightly hitting to fatal blows. It appears in various forms, indicating actions like attacking, punishing, or causing disease. The entries suggest its use in both literal and figurative contexts, including divine judgment and applause. There is no significant disagreement among the lexicons regarding its meanings.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[נָכָה] 501 vb. smite (not in Qal)

Niph. and he shall be smitten [struck by weapon in battle] and die

Pu. both be smitten down by the hail

Hiph.

lit., smite (with a single, non-fatal, blow), strike

smite repeatedly, beat a man

and they clapped hands (in applause)

give a thrust (with fork) into pot; strike roots

rarely smite (in battle) so as (merely) to wound

smite, of sun

Smite fatally

Smite = attack, attack and destroy a company

Of God

smite with a plague, disease, etc.

smite = chastise, or send judgment upon

of God’s destroying palaces

Hoph. be smitten

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5221 נָכָה smite (not in Qal) . and he shall be smitten [struck by weapon in battle] and die

. both be smitten down by the hail

. . . lit., smite (with a single, non-fatal, blow), strike

. smite repeatedly, beat a man

. and they clapped hands (in applause)

. give a thrust (with fork) into pot; strike roots

. rarely smite (in battle) so as (merely) to wound

. smite, of sun

. Smite fatally

. Smite = attack, attack and destroy a company

. Of God . smite with a plague, disease, etc.

. smite = chastise, or send judgment upon

. of God’s destroying palaces

. be smitten

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5221 nakah naw-kaw'

a primitive root; to strike (lightly or severely, literally

or figuratively):--beat, cast forth, clap, give (wounds), X

go forward, X indeed, kill, make (slaughter), murderer,

punish, slaughter, slay(-er, -ing), smite(-r, -ing), strike,

be stricken, (give) stripes, X surely, wound.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

נָכָה (na.khah) — to smite.

1) to strike, smite, hit, beat, slay, kill

1a)(Niphal) to be stricken or smitten

1b) (Pual) to be stricken or smitten

1c) (Hiphil)

1c1) to smite, strike, beat, scourge, clap, applaud, give a thrust

1c2) to smite, kill, slay (man or beast)

1c3) to smite, attack, attack and destroy, conquer, subjugate, ravage

1c4) to smite, chastise, send judgment upon, punish, destroy

1d) (Hophal) to be smitten

1d1) to receive a blow

1d2) to be wounded

1d3) to be beaten

1d4) to be (fatally) smitten, be killed, be slain

1d5) to be attacked and captured

1d6) to be smitten (with disease)

1d7) to be blighted (of plants)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Hiphil-Imperf-3ms | Suff — Verb hiphil imperfect third person masculine singular · suffix
HVhi3ms/Sp3mp
not they will be hungry and not they will be thirsty and not it will strike them burning heat and sun for [one who] has compassion on them he will guide them and to springs of water he will lead them
שָׁרָ֖בsha.Rav burning heat H8273 Noun common · masculine singular absolute
2× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word describes a scorching heat or parched ground, like a mirage that shimmers in the air. It's used to convey a sense of burning or dryness. In the Bible, it appears in descriptions of harsh desert environments.
Amplified meaning
intense, parching
Tyndale gloss
scorching
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

שָׁרָב (sharab) refers to burning heat or scorching conditions, particularly in relation to parched ground. It is derived from a root meaning to glare, indicating a quivering glow in the air, often associated with a mirage. The term captures the intense heat experienced in arid environments.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

שָׁרָב n.m.

burning heat

parched ground

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H8273 שָׁרָב . burning heat

. parched ground

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

8273 sharab shaw-rawb'

from an unused root meaning to glare; quivering glow (of the

air), expec. the mirage:--heat, parched ground.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

שָׁרָב (sha.rav) — scorching.

burning or scorching heat, parched ground

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absolute
HNcmsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

het (chom, horebh, "drought," Job 30:30; Isa 4:6; 25:4; Jer 36:30; sharabh, Isa 49:10, translated in the Revised Version margin "mirage"; zestos, "fervent," Re 3:15, therme, Ac 28:3, kauma, Re 7:16, kauson, Mt 20:12; see MIRAGE):

1. Dreaded in Palestine:

The heat of the summer is greatly dreaded in Palestine, and as a rule the people rest under cover during the middle of the day, when the sun is hottest. There is no rain from May to October, and scarcely a cloud…

Nave's Topical Bible

→ Jonah overcome with Jon 4:8

→ See SUNSTROKE

not they will be hungry and not they will be thirsty and not it will strike them burning heat and sun for [one who] has compassion on them he will guide them and to springs of water he will lead them
וָשָׁ֑מֶשׁva.Sha.mesh and sun H8121 Conjunction · noun common both singular absolute
134× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The sun, or shemesh, represents not just the celestial body, but also east or west direction, and even objects that shine like battlements. It is often used to describe the rising or setting of the sun.
Amplified meaning
the celestial body
Tyndale gloss
sun
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

שֶׁ֫מֶשׁ (shemesh) means 'sun' and is derived from a root meaning 'to be brilliant.' It encompasses various meanings, including directions like east and west, and can refer to the sun as an object of worship. Additionally, it can denote shining pinnacles or battlements.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

שֶׁ֫מֶשׁ 133 n.f. et m. sun

sun

of direction: toward sun-rise, = East

obj. of worship

other phr.

pinnacle, as glittering, shining

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H8121 שֶׁ֫מֶשׁ sun

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

8121 shemesh sheh'-mesh

from an unused root meaning to be brilliant; the sun; by

implication, the east; figuratively, a ray, i.e. (arch.) a

notched battlement:--+ east side(-ward), sun ((rising)), +

west(-ward), window. See also 1053.

see HEBREW for 01053

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

שֶׁ֫מֶשׁ (she.mesh) — sun.

1) sun

1a) sun

1b) sunrise, sun-rising, east, sun-setting, west (of direction)

1c) sun (as object of illicit worship)

1d) openly, publicly (in other phrases)

1e) pinnacles, battlements, shields (as glittering or shining)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | N-cs — Conjunction · noun common both singular absolute
HC/Ncbsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
Easton's Bible Dictionary

Sun

(Heb. shemesh), first mentioned along with the moon as the two great luminaries of heaven (Gen. 1:14-18). By their motions and influence they were intended to mark and divide times and seasons. The worship of the sun was one of the oldest forms of false religion (Job 31:26,27), and was common among the Egyptians and Chaldeans and other pagan nations. The Jews were warned against this form of idolatry (Deut. 4:19; 17:3; comp. 2 Kings 23:11; Jer. 19:13).

Smith's Bible Dictionary

In the history of "greater light," of the creation the sun is described as "greater light," in contradistinction to the moon, the "lesser light," in conjunction with which it was to serve "for signs and for seasons, and for days, and for years," while its special office was "to rule the day." (Genesis 1:14-16) The "signs" referred to were probably such extraordinary phenomena as eclipses, which were regarded as conveying premonitions of coming events. (Jeremiah 10:2; Matthew 24:29) with Luke 21:25 The joint influence assigned to the sun and moon in deciding the "seasons," both for agricultural operations and for religious festivals, and also in regulating the length and…

American Tract Society Bible Dictionary

The great luminary of day, which furnishes so many similitudes to the Hebrew poets, as well as those of all nations, Jud 5:31 Ps 84:11 Pr 4:18 Lu 1:78,79 Joh 8:12. For the idolatrous worship of the sun, see BAAL.

Nave's Topical Bible

→ Created Ge 1:14-18; Ps 74:16; 136:7; Jer 31:35

→ Rising and setting of Ec 1:5

→ Diurnal motion of Ps 19:4,6

→ Worship of, forbidden De 4:19; 17:3

→ Worshiped Job 31:26-28; Jer 8:2; Eze 6:4,6; 8:16

→ Kings of Judah dedicate horses to 2Ki 23:11

→ Miracles concerning

not they will be hungry and not they will be thirsty and not it will strike them burning heat and sun for [one who] has compassion on them he will guide them and to springs of water he will lead them
כִּי־ki- for H3588 Particle
4,483× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
A conjunction used to show cause or connection, as in Genesis 2:23 where Adam says the woman is bone of his bone because she was taken out of him. It is often translated as 'for', 'because', or 'since'.
Tyndale gloss
for
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

כִּי (ki) is a conjunction primarily meaning 'that,' 'for,' or 'when.' It indicates causal relationships and can express conditions like 'if' or 'though.' The word is versatile, appearing in various contexts to convey certainty, exception, or concession. Notably, it can combine with other particles to modify its meaning, such as in the phrase כִּי אם־ (ki im), meaning 'that if.'

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

כִּי conj. that, for, when

that

Of time, when, of the past

elsewhere כִּי has a force approximating to if, though it usu. represents a case as more likely to occur than אִם

when or if, with a concessive force, i.e. though

Because, since

base

כִּי אם־

each part. retaining its independent force, and relating to a different clause:

that if

for if

(About 140 t.) the two particles being closely conjoined, and relating to the same clause—

limiting the prec. clause, except

the if being neglected, and treated as pleonastic, so that the clause is no longer a limitation of the preceding clause but a contradiction of it: but rather, but

after an oath, surely

base

כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3588a כִּי that, for, when . that

. . Of time, when, of the past

. elsewhere כִּי has a force approximating to if, though it usu. represents a case as more likely to occur than אִם

. when or if, with a concessive force, i.e. though

. Because, since

H3588b כִּי אם־ . each part. retaining its independent force, and relating to a different clause: . that if

. for if

. (About 140 t.) the two particles being closely conjoined, and relating to the same clause— . limiting the prec. clause, except

. the if being neglected, and treated as pleonastic, so that the clause is no longer a limitation of the preceding clause but a contradiction of it: but rather, but

. after an oath, surely

H3588c כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3588 kiy kee

a primitive particle (the full form of the prepositional

prefix) indicating causal relations of all kinds, antecedent

or consequent; (by implication) very widely used as a relative

conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by

other particles annexed:--and, + (forasmuch, inasmuch,

where-)as, assured(-ly), + but, certainly, doubtless, + else,

even, + except, for, how, (because, in, so, than) that, +

nevertheless, now, rightly, seeing, since, surely, then,

therefore, + (al- )though, + till, truly, + until, when,

whether, while, whom, yea, yet.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

כִּי (ki) — for.

1) that, for, because, when, as though, as, because that, but, then, certainly, except, surely, since

1a) that

1a1) yea, indeed

1b) when (of time)

1b1) when, if, though (with a concessive force)

1c) because, since (causal connection)

1d) but (after negative)

1e) that if, for if, indeed if, for though, but if

1f) but rather, but

1g) except that

1h) only, nevertheless

1i) surely

1j) that is

1k) but if

1l) for though

1m) forasmuch as, for therefore

כִּי [אם] (ki im) — that if: except.

1) except if

1a) but if

1b) even though

כִּי [עַל כֵּן] (ki [al ken]) — for as that: since.

1) that, for, because, when, as though, as, because that, but, then, certainly, except, surely, since

1a) that

1a1) yea, indeed

1b) when (of time)

1b1) when, if, though (with a concessive force)

1c) because, since (causal connection)

1d) but (after negative)

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj — Particle
HTc
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

for (ki (conjunction), le, from 'el (preposition), and various other words. In the New Testament also the words are various, chiefly gar, kai gar, hoti (conjunctions); anti apo eis dia (accusative), epi (dative and accusative), peri (genitive), pros (genitive and accusative), huper (genitive) (prepositions)): the English Revised Version and the American Standard Revised Version give in many cases more literal or more accurate renderings than those in the King James Version.

In the New Testament the most important preps. from a doctrinal point of view are anti, "face to face," "over against," "instead," "on behalf of," peri, "around," "about," "concerning," huper, "over," "on behalf of." The first has been claimed as stating the substitutionary nature of Christ's sacrifice as contrasted with huper and peri, more frequently used of it. But, although anti in the New Testament often means…

The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
not they will be hungry and not they will be thirsty and not it will strike them burning heat and sun for [one who] has compassion on them he will guide them and to springs of water he will lead them
מְרַחֲמָ֣םme.ra.cha.Mam [one who] has compassion on them H7355 Verb piel participle (active) masculine singular common · suffix
47× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means to have compassion or show love, often used to describe God's mercy towards humanity, as seen in the Bible. It involves deep feelings of sympathy and kindness. In the KJV, it is translated as having mercy or pity.
Amplified meaning
shows, exercises, mercy, loving-kindness
Tyndale gloss
to have compassion
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

רָחַם (racham) is a Hebrew verb meaning to love or have compassion. It conveys a sense of deep affection and mercy, applicable to both God and humans. The root emphasizes tenderness and pity, with forms indicating active compassion (Piel) and being shown compassion (Pual). The entries consistently highlight its emotional depth and relational aspect.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[רָחַם] vb. denom. love. Pi. have compassion

Qal I love thee

Pi. have compassion, compassionate

Pu. be shewn compassion, compassionated

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H7355 רָחַם vb. denom. love. Pi. have compassion

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

7355 racham raw-kham'

a primitive root; to fondle; by implication, to love,

especially to compassionate:--have compassion (on, upon),

love, (find, have, obtain, shew) mercy(-iful, on, upon),

(have) pity, Ruhamah, X surely.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

רָחַם (ra.cham) — to have compassion.

1) to love, love deeply, have mercy, be compassionate, have tender affection, have compassion

1a) (Qal) to love

1b) (Piel)

1b1) to have compassion, be compassionate

1b1a) of God, man

1c) (Pual) to be shown compassion, be compassionate

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Piel | Suff — Verb piel participle (active) masculine singular common · suffix
HVprmsc/Sp3mp
not they will be hungry and not they will be thirsty and not it will strike them burning heat and sun for [one who] has compassion on them he will guide them and to springs of water he will lead them
יְנַהֲגֵ֔םye.na.ha.Gem he will guide them H5090 Verb piel imperfect third person masculine singular · suffix
31× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
To moan means to sigh or lament, like in Psalm 77:3 when the psalmist moaned in his sleepless night. It can also mean to lead or guide someone, like in 1 Samuel 25:42 when Abigail led her maids to follow David.
Amplified meaning
lead, direct
Tyndale gloss
to lead
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

נָהַג (nahag) is a Hebrew verb meaning to drive, lead, or guide. It can refer to driving animals or chariots, as well as guiding oneself or others. Additionally, in the Piel form, it can mean to moan or lament. The word appears in contexts that emphasize both physical guidance and emotional expression.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

נָהַג vb. drive, conduct

Qal

drive

fig. my heart behaving itself in wisdom

Pi.

drive away, lead off

lead on, guide

cause to drive

base

[נָהַג] vb. Pi. moan, lament;—Pi. Na 2:8

ref

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5090a נָהַג drive, conduct .. drive

. fig. my heart behaving itself in wisdom

. . drive away, lead off

. lead on, guide

. cause to drive

H5090b נָהַג Pi. moan, lament

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5090 nahag naw-hag'

a primitive root; to drive forth (a person, an animal or

chariot), i.e. lead, carry away; reflexively, to proceed (i.e.

impel or guide oneself); also (from the panting induced by

effort), to sigh:--acquaint, bring (away), carry away, drive

(away), lead (away, forth), (be) guide, lead (away, forth).

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

נָהַג (na.hag) — to lead.

1) to drive, lead, guide, conduct

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to drive, lead on, drive away, drive off

1a2) to behave itself (fig.) (of heart)

1b) (Piel)

1b1) to drive away, lead off

1b2) to lead on, guide, guide on

1b3) to cause to drive

נָהַג (na.hag) — to moan.

(Piel) to moan, lament

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Piel-Imperf-3ms | Suff — Verb piel imperfect third person masculine singular · suffix
HVpi3ms/Sp3mp
not they will be hungry and not they will be thirsty and not it will strike them burning heat and sun for [one who] has compassion on them he will guide them and to springs of water he will lead them
וְעַל־ve.'al- and to H5921 Conjunction · preposition
5,774× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means on or above something, like a physical object or a situation. It can also imply a sense of responsibility or accountability, as in being on behalf of someone.
Amplified meaning
near, alongside
Tyndale gloss
upon
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word עַל (*al*) is a preposition meaning 'upon' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including 'on account of,' 'beside,' 'above,' and 'against.' It can indicate physical placement, emotional burdens, or duties imposed on a person. The entries also note its use in idiomatic expressions and with verbs of motion. There is a mention of its function as a conjunction in certain contexts.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as

base

עַל, עָ֑ל

subst. height

As prep. upon, and hence on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against

Upon, of the substratum upon which an object in any way rests, or on which an action is performed

of clothing, etc., which any one wears

With verbs of covering or protecting, even though the cover or veil be not over or above the thing covered, but around or before it

Of what rests heavily upon a person, or is a burden to him

Of a duty, payment, care, etc., imposed upon a person, or devolving on him

על is used idiom. to give pathos to the expression of an emotion, by emphasizing the person who is its subject, and who, as it were, feels it acting upon him

חָיָה עַל to live upon (as upon a foundation or support)

Read the full entry →
Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5921a עַל, עָ֑ל . As prep. upon, and hence on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against . Upon, of the substratum upon which an object in any way rests, or on which an action is performed . — . of clothing, etc., which any one wears

. With verbs of covering or protecting, even though the cover or veil be not over or above the thing covered, but around or before it

. Of what rests heavily upon a person, or is a burden to him

. Of a duty, payment, care, etc., imposed upon a person, or devolving on him

. על is used idiom. to give pathos to the expression of an emotion, by emphasizing the person who is its subject, and who, as it were, feels it acting upon him

. חָיָה עַל to live upon (as upon a foundation or support)

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Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5921 `al al

properly, the same as 5920 used as a preposition (in the

singular or plural often with prefix, or as conjunction with a

particle following); above, over, upon, or against (yet always

in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great

variety of applications (as follow):--above, according

to(-ly), after, (as) against, among, and, X as, at, because

of, beside (the rest of), between, beyond the time, X both

and, by (reason of), X had the charge of, concerning for, in

(that), (forth, out) of, (from) (off), (up-)on, over, than,

through(-out), to, touching, X with.

see HEBREW for 05920

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

עַל (al) — upon.

prep

1) upon, on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against

1a) upon, on the ground of, on the basis of, on account of, because of, therefore, on behalf of, for the sake of, for, with, in spite of, notwithstanding, concerning, in the matter of, as regards

1b) above, beyond, over (of excess)

1c) above, over (of elevation or pre-eminence)

1d) upon, to, over to, unto, in addition to, together with, with (of addition)

1e) over (of suspension or extension)

1f) by, adjoining, next, at, over, around (of contiguity or proximity)

1g) down upon, upon, on, from, up upon, up to, towards, over towards, to, against (with verbs of motion)

1h) to (as a dative)

[כִּי] עַל [כֵּן] ([ki] al [ken]) — as.

conj

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Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | Prep — Conjunction · preposition
HC/R
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
not they will be hungry and not they will be thirsty and not it will strike them burning heat and sun for [one who] has compassion on them he will guide them and to springs of water he will lead them
מַבּ֥וּעֵיma.Bu.'ei springs of H4002 Noun common · masculine plural construct
3× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word refers to a fountain or spring of water, a source of fresh water. It symbolizes life and renewal in the Bible.
Amplified meaning
fountains, sources
Tyndale gloss
spring
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

מַבּוּעַ (mabbuwa`) means a spring or fountain of water. It is derived from the root word for 'fountain' and is used to refer specifically to a source of water.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

מַבּוּעַ n.[m.] spring of water

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H4002 מַבּוּעַ spring of water

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

4002 mabbuwa` mab-boo'-ah

from 5042; a fountain:--fountain, spring.

see HEBREW for 05042

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

מַבּוּעַ (mab.bu.a) — spring.

spring of water

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-mp — Noun common · masculine plural construct
HNcmpc
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ov:

(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.

English usagewhat the translators’ English meant
Webster's Dictionary (1828), Webster's Unabridged (1913), Webster's Dictionary (1806)

OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]

1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.

I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.

For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.

It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.

Lamentations 3:1.

The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.

Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.

That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.

Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…

The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
not they will be hungry and not they will be thirsty and not it will strike them burning heat and sun for [one who] has compassion on them he will guide them and to springs of water he will lead them
מַ֖יִםMa.yim water H4325 Noun common · masculine plural absolute
581× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word means water, referring to a liquid or a source of refreshment. It appears in the Bible as a literal and figurative term, including references to wasting or urine. The word is used in various contexts, such as in Genesis and Leviticus.
Amplified meaning
refreshment, spiritual nourishment
Tyndale gloss
Water (Gate)
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

מַי (mayim) is a Hebrew word meaning 'water' and is used in the plural form. It encompasses various meanings, including literal water, urine, and metaphorical uses related to refreshment or danger. The entries indicate it is derived from a primitive noun and is primarily referenced in contexts involving water.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[מַי] 580 n.m. only pl. מַ֫יִם waters, water

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H4325 מַי only pl. מַ֫יִם waters, water

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

4325 mayim mah'-yim

dual of a primitive noun (but used in a singular sense);

water; figuratively, juice; by euphemism, urine, semen:--+

piss, wasting, water(-ing, (-course, -flood, -spring)).

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

מַי (ma.yim) — water.

1) water, waters

1a) water

1b) water of the feet, urine

1c) of danger, violence, transitory things, refreshment (fig.)

מַי (ma.yim) — Water (Gate).

This name means water, refreshment

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-mp — Noun common · masculine plural absolute
HNcmpa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

wo'-ter (mayim; hudor):

(1) The Greek philosophers believed water to be the original substance and that all things were made from it. The Koran states, "From water we have made all things." In the story of the creation (Ge 1:2) water plays an elemental part.

(2) Because of the scarcity of water in Palestine it is especially appreciated by the people there. They love to go and sit by a stream of running water. Men long for a taste of the water of their native village (1Ch 11:17). A town or village is known throughout the country for the quality of its water, which is described by many adjectives, such as "light," "heavy," etc.

(3) The rainfall is the only source of supply of water for Palestine. The moisture is carried up from the sea in clouds and falls on the hills as rain or snow.…

American Tract Society Bible Dictionary

See CISTERN and WELLS.

In Isa 35:7, the Hebrew word for "parched ground" that shall become a pool of water, is the same with the Arabic term for the mirage, a peculiar optical illusion by which travelers in hot and dry deserts think they see broad lakes and flowing waters; they seem to discern the very ripple of the waves, and the swaying of tail trees on the margin in the cool breeze; green hills and houses and city ramparts rise before the astonished sight, recede as the traveler advances, and at length melt away in the hot haze. Not so the blessings of the gospel; they are no alluring mockery, but real waters of everlasting life, Isa 55:1 Joh 4:14 Re 22:1. Compare

Nave's Topical Bible

→ Creation of Ps 148:4,5

→ Covered the whole earth Ge 1:9

→ Daily allowance of Eze 4:11

→ City waterworks 2Ki 20:20

→ Vision of, by Ezekiel Eze 47:1-5

→ Of separation Nu 19:2-22

→ Libation of 1Sa 7:6

→ Irrigation with

See IRRIGATION

→ Miraculously supplied

To the Israelites Ex 17:1,6; Nu 20:11

To Samson Jud 15:19

Torrey's New Topical Textbook

- One of the elements of the world

Ge 1:2

- GOD ORIGINALLY

. Created the firmament to divide

Ge 1:6,7

. Collected into one place

Ge 1:9

. Created fowls and fishes, &c from

Ge 1:20,21

- Necessary to vegetation

Ge 2:5,6; Job 14:9; Isa 1:30

- Some plants particularly require

Job 8:11

- Necessary to the comfort and happiness of man

Isa 41:17; Zec 9:11

- COLLECTED IN

. Springs

not they will be hungry and not they will be thirsty and not it will strike them burning heat and sun for [one who] has compassion on them he will guide them and to springs of water he will lead them
יְנַהֲלֵֽם׃ye.na.ha.Lem he will lead them H5095 Verb piel imperfect third person masculine singular · suffix
10× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
To guide or lead someone, like a shepherd leading his flock, as seen in Psalm 23. This verb describes leading with care and protection. It is used to describe God's guidance and care for his people.
Amplified meaning
conduct, escort
Tyndale gloss
to guide
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

נָהַל (nahal) is a Hebrew verb meaning to lead or guide, particularly to a watering place or station where one can rest. It encompasses ideas of refreshing and sustaining, as well as conducting someone gently. The word can also imply a journey by stages. There are no significant disagreements among the lexicons regarding its meanings.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[נָהַל] vb. Pi. lead, guide to a watering-place or station, and cuase to rest there; bring to a station or place of rest; lead, guide; refresh

Pi.

lead to a watering-place (or station), and cause to rest there

lead or bring to a station, a goal

lead, guide

give rest to

refresh with food

Hithp. journey by stations, stages

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5095 נָהַל Pi. lead, guide to a watering-place or station, and cuase to rest there; bring to a station or place of rest; lead, guide; refresh . . lead to a watering-place (or station), and cause to rest there

. lead or bring to a station, a goal

. lead, guide

. give rest to

. refresh with food

. journey by stations, stages

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5095 nahal naw-hal'

a primitive root; properly, to run with a sparkle, i.e. flow;

hence (transitively), to conduct, and (by inference) to

protect, sustain:--carry, feed, guide, lead (gently, on).

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

נָהַל (na.hal) — to guide.

1) to lead, give rest, lead with care, guide to a watering place or station, cause to rest, bring to a station or place of rest, guide, refresh

1a) (Piel)

1a1) to lead to a watering-place or station and cause to rest there

1a2) to lead or bring to a station or goal

1a3) to lead, guide

1a4) to give rest to

1a5) to refresh (with food)

1b) (Hithpael)

1b1) to lead on

1b2) to journey by stations or stages

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Piel-Imperf-3ms | Suff — Verb piel imperfect third person masculine singular · suffix
HVpi3ms/Sp3mp
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
Sources on this page. Lexicons and dictionaries imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate Liddell-Scott-Jones, Robinson and Packard, Webster and Cawdrey. Thayer’s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (Harper, 1889 — Grimm’s Wilke’s Clavis Novi Testamenti, translated, revised and enlarged by Joseph Henry Thayer) is public domain and is set here from the Internet Archive page scan greekenglishlex00grim; it is uncorrected OCR, marked as such on the entry itself, and the Strong’s numbers — which Thayer’s own edition does not carry — were matched by lemma against the other modules on this page. Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament (Macmillan, 1880) and Moulton and Milligan’s Vocabulary of the Greek Testament (Hodder & Stoughton, 1930, which entered the United States public domain on 1 January 2026) are set from Internet Archive page scans synonymsofnewtes00treniala and vocabularyofgree00mouluoft, and are likewise uncorrected OCR matched to Strong’s numbers by lemma. Trench treats a group of words at once, so the same essay stands on the page of each word it compares. The Mounce Concise Greek-English Dictionary is © 1993 and is used here by permission for non-commercial use, www.teknia.com/greek-dictionary. The full Liddell-Scott-Jones and the Hebrew word data (TAHOT) come from STEPBible.org, CC BY 4.0. Brown-Driver-Briggs is the OpenScriptures digitisation, public domain. Syntax analysis is the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (biblicalhumanities.org); the concordance and morphology are built from the tagged Nestle 1904 text. Septuagint occurrences use the Open Scriptures Septuagint lemma index, derived from CCAT (University of Pennsylvania) and the Rahlfs 1935 dataset by Eliran Wong, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — used here on a non-commercial ministry site. Greek of Josephus and Barnabas from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA 4.0. Commentaries and the Ante-Nicene Fathers are public-domain texts hosted on this site. Everyday Greek from the Duke Databank of Documentary Papyri, CC BY 3.0, with dates and provenance from the Heidelberger Gesamtverzeichnis. Philo and the Apostolic Fathers from Open Greek and Latin (First1KGreek), CC BY-SA 4.0. The apparatus and the fifth Greek column are the SBL Greek New Testament, © 2010 SBL and Logos Bible Software, CC BY 4.0. The Latin is the Clementine Vulgate (public domain); the Syriac New Testament is the ETCBC edition (MIT licence). The Hebrew behind the Greek is computed here from the Septuagint index and TAHOT, not taken from any aligned edition. The translation spread and the per-word edition marks come from the Translators Amalgamated Greek NT (STEPBible, CC BY 4.0); clause roles from the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (CC BY-SA 4.0); place identifications and their confidence from OpenBible.info Bible Geocoding (CC BY 4.0), with map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Gospel parallels are computed here from shared uncommon vocabulary, not taken from any printed harmony. Cross references are the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge and the subject headings are Nave’s Topical Bible, both public domain. Works under Creative Commons licences are used unchanged apart from markup removal.

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