Genesis 49:11 — Word Study
WLCאֹסְרִ֤י לַגֶּ֙פֶן֙ עִיר֔וֹ וְלַשֹּׂרֵקָ֖ה בְּנִ֣י אֲתֹנ֑וֹ כִּבֵּ֤ס בַּיַּ֙יִן֙ לְבֻשׁ֔וֹ וּבְדַם־ עֲנָבִ֖ים סוּתֽוֹ׃
BSAHe tiesʼâçar [binds, secures] his donkeyʻayir [ass, young ass] to the vinegephen [the choice vine] his coltbên [foal, young donkey] to the choicest branchsôrêq [the best vine, a choice vine] He washeskâbaç■ [cleanses, tramples] his garmentslᵉbûwsh [clothing, robes] in wineyayin [fermented wine, red juice] his robesçûwth△ [vesture, covering] in the blooddâm [the liquid that flows through the body] of grapesʻênâb [a grape or grapes]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| אֹסְרִ֤י | binding | Verb, Qal, participle (active) masculine singular common |
| לַגֶּ֙פֶן֙ | to the vine | Preposition, noun common both singular absolute |
| עִיר֔וֹ | donkey his | Noun common masculine singular construct, suffix |
| וְלַשֹּׂרֵקָ֖ה | and to the choice vine | Conjunction, preposition, noun common feminine singular absolute |
| בְּנִ֣י | [the] young one of | Noun common, masculine singular construct |
| אֲתֹנ֑וֹ | donkey his | Noun common feminine singular construct, suffix |
| כִּבֵּ֤ס | he will wash | Verb, Piel, perfect third person masculine singular |
| בַּיַּ֙יִן֙ | in wine | Preposition, noun common masculine singular absolute |
| לְבֻשׁ֔וֹ | clothing his | Noun common masculine singular construct, suffix |
| וּבְדַם־ | and in [the] blood of | Conjunction, preposition, noun common masculine singular construct |
| עֲנָבִ֖ים | grapes | Noun common, masculine plural absolute |
| סוּתֽוֹ׃ | robe his | Noun common masculine singular construct, suffix |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | He ties his donkey to the vine, his colt to the choicest branch. He washes his garments in wine, his robes in the blood of grapes. |
| KJV | Binding his foal unto the vine, and his ass’s colt unto the choice vine; he washed his garments in wine, and his clothes in the blood of grapes: |
| ASV | Binding his foal unto the vine, And his ass’s colt unto the choice vine; He hath washed his garments in wine, And his vesture in the blood of grapes: |
| YLT | Binding to the vine his ass, And to the choice vine the colt of his ass, He hath washed in wine his clothing, And in the blood of grapes his covering; |
| WEB | Binding his foal to the vine, his donkey’s colt to the choice vine, he has washed his garments in wine, his robes in the blood of grapes. |
| BBE | Knotting his ass's cord to the vine, and his young ass to the best vine; washing his robe in wine, and his clothing in the blood of grapes: |
All translations agree on the rendering of אֹסְרִ֤י.
Two main actions, each with their own objects and prepositional phrases indicating location.
7 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
verbאָסַר
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
1 of 12 occurs nowhere else in the Old Testament — a word chosen on purpose.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Genesis 49:11
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — Jacob Blesses His Sonsgenerated
Genesis 49:11 captures Jacob's prophetic words as he blesses his sons, particularly Judah. This verse highlights the connection between Judah's future and agricultural imagery, indicating prosperity and abundance. The blessings reflect the character and destiny of each tribe, with Judah receiving a significant promise linked to royal lineage and fruitful harvests, as seen throughout the narrative of Israel's history.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Isaiah 63:1–3 | Who is this coming from Edom, from Bozrah with crimson-stained garments? Who is this robed in splendor, marching in the greatness of His strength? “It is I, proclaiming vindication, mighty to save.” |
| 2 | 1 Kings 4:20–25 | The people of Judah and Israel were as numerous as the sand on the seashore, and they were eating and drinking and rejoicing. |
| 3 | 2 Kings 18:32 | until I come and take you away to a land like your own—a land of grain and new wine, a land of bread and vineyards, a land of olive trees and honey—so that you may live and not die. But do not listen to Hezekiah, for he misleads you when he says, ‘The LORD will deliver us.’ |
| 4 | Joel 3:18 | And in that day the mountains will drip with sweet wine, and the hills will flow with milk. All the streams of Judah will run with water, and a spring will flow from the house of the LORD to water the Valley of Acacias. |
| 5 | Micah 4:4 | And each man will sit under his own vine and under his own fig tree, with no one to frighten him. For the mouth of the LORD of Hosts has spoken. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 7 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — אֹסְרִ֤י, 'o.se.Rigenerated
The word אֹסְרִ֤י ('o.se.Ri) is a participle from the root אָסַר (asar), meaning 'to bind' or 'to tie.' It conveys the action of securing something, often in a way that prepares it for use or signifies a connection. In this verse, it illustrates the act of tying the donkey to the vine, which symbolizes both practical and metaphorical binding.
This word is used in various contexts, from physical binding to metaphorical obligations, such as oaths. The parsing as a masculine singular common participle indicates an ongoing action, emphasizing the active role of the subject in the scene described.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
In this study, the verse is read in the Berean Standard Bible, which uses ties for אֹסְרִ֤י.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The verse is structured around two main actions, each governed by its respective verb: אֹסְרִ֤י (he ties) and כִּבֵּ֤ס (he washes). The first action describes the tying of the donkey to the vine, while the second describes washing garments in wine. This dual structure highlights the agricultural and celebratory themes.
The Hebrew word order places emphasis on the actions and their objects, with the tying action preceding the washing, suggesting a sequence of preparation and celebration.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates אֹסְרִ֤י as δεσμεύων (desmeuōn), meaning 'binding.' This choice reflects a direct correspondence to the Hebrew meaning, emphasizing the act of securing the donkey to the vine.
The use of πλυνεῖ (plunēi) for כִּבֵּ֤ס indicates a focus on washing, aligning with the imagery of cleansing and preparation in the context of celebration.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Genesis 49:11 describes how a man ties his donkey to a vine and washes his garments in wine. This imagery suggests abundance and joy, reflecting the blessings Jacob gives to his son Judah.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
Tying the donkey to the vine symbolizes a connection to abundance and prosperity, indicating a fruitful harvest.
Wine represents joy and celebration, often associated with blessings and abundance in biblical imagery.
Jacob's blessings to his sons, particularly Judah, set the stage for the future of the tribes of Israel and highlight their destinies.
This verse reflects the themes of blessing, inheritance, and the connection between the land and God's promises to His people.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What does the imagery of tying and washing convey about the relationship between labor and reward?
- How can we see parallels between agricultural blessings and spiritual abundance in our lives?
- In what ways does this verse challenge our understanding of preparation and celebration?
- How might the blessings given to Judah influence our understanding of God's promises?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Early Church Fathers have commented on this verse, interpreting the imagery of the donkey and vine in relation to spiritual truths and the nature of Christ.
Again, it is said, “He tethers his colt to the vine.” This means he united the simple, new people to the Word, whom the vine signifies. For the product of the vine is wine; of the Word, blood.Early Church Fathers on Genesis 49 →
By the "foal" he means the calling of the Gentiles; by the other, that of the circumcision: "one ass," moreover, that is to signify that the two colts are of one faith; in other words, the two callings.Early Church Fathers on Genesis 49 →
Here Christ has mystically indicated his baptism. After he had come up from the Jordan and had purified its waters (by plunging in them), he received the grace and the gift of the Holy Spirit.Early Church Fathers on Genesis 49 →
Commentators on this verse — 7 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Genesis 49:11 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleBinding his foal unto the vine, and his ass's colt unto the choice vine,.... Which may be understood either of the tribe of Judah, and signify that vines should grow in such plenty, and so large and
Read John Gill on Genesis 49 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryBinding his foal unto the vine, and his ass's colt unto the choice vine; he washed his garments in wine, and his clothes in the blood of grapes: Binding his foal unto the vine ... , [ `ayir (H5895)]
Read Robert Jamieson on Genesis 49 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleHe signifies the plenty of vines in Judah’ s portion, that they shall be planted every where, even in the commons and highways where men travel, and where upon occasion they use to tie the beasts on which they ride to any tree which is near them. Such shall be the plenty of it, that if it were convenient, men might use wine instead of water to wash their garments. The blood of grapes; so the wine is called also in ; /APC 1Ma 6:34; and by Pliny, Hesiod, and others. As oil is called the blood of the olive.
Read Matthew Poole on Genesis 49 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsGenesis 49:11 Binding his foal unto the vine, and his ass’ s colt unto the choice vine; he washed his garments in wine, and his clothes in the blood of grapes:Ver. 11. Binding his foal unto the vine.] Vines shall be so plentiful, that as countrymen tie their asses to briers and shrubs, so shall Judah to the vines, that shall grow thick everywhere. Where Christ is set up in the power and purity of his ordinances, there is usually a confluence of all inward and outward comforts and contentments. He is the Cornucopia of both to his Church and chosen.
Read John Trapp on Genesis 49 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(11) Binding his foal . . . —Having declared the spiritual prerogative of Judah, the patriarch now foretells that his land would be so rich in vineyards that the traveller would tie his ass to the vine, as the tree abundant everywhere. Choice vine is, literally, the vine of Sorek, a kind much valued, as bearing a purple berry, small but luscious, and destitute of stones. The abundance of grapes is next hyperbolically described as so great that their juice would be used like water for the commonest purposes. Blood of grapes especially refers to the juice of the red kinds, which were more valued in the East than white.
Read Charles John Ellicott on Genesis 49 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges11. Binding … vine] Judah is represented as having so fruitful a soil that the vines grew richly by the wayside. The vine stem which would usually be protected from animals is used by Judah for fastening up the animal on which he rides. The “ass” is the universal beast of burden in the East for all classes. See Judges 5:10; Judges 10:4; 2 Samuel 16:1-2; Zechariah 9:9. washed] The same hyperbolical description is maintained in this and the following couplet. Grapes in the land of Judah are to be so plentiful that he will wash garments in their juice.
Read Cambridge on Genesis 49 →Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible11. Binding to the vine his young ass — This verse contains a composite picture of princely wealth and peaceful industry. Judah will be rich in vineyards and wine and milk.
Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Genesis 49 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
He ties his donkey to the vine, his colt to the choicest branch. He washes his garments in wine, his robes in the blood of grapes.
Binding his foal to the vine, his donkey’s colt to the choice vine, he has washed his garments in wine, his robes in the blood of grapes.
He ties his donkey to the vine, his colt to the choicest branch. He washes his garments in wine, his robes in the blood of grapes.
Binding his foal to the vine, and his colt to the choicest vine, he will wash his garments in wine, his robes in the blood of grapes.
Tyndale line
Binding his foal unto the vine, and his ass’s colt unto the choice vine; he washed his garments in wine, and his clothes in the blood of grapes:
Binding his foal unto the vine, And his ass’s colt unto the choice vine; He hath washed his garments in wine, And his vesture in the blood of grapes:
Binding his foal unto the vine, And his ass’s colt unto the choice vine; He hath washed his garments in wine, And his vesture in the blood of grapes:
Binding his foal to the vine, and his ass's colt to the choice vine; he washed his garments in wine, and his clothes in the blood of grapes:
He shall binde his Asse foale vnto ye vine, and his Asses colte vnto the best vine. hee shall wash his garment in wine, and his cloke in the blood of grapes.
Strictly literal
He bindeth his foal to the vine, And his ass's colt to the choice vine; He washeth his dress in wine, And his garment in the blood of grapes.
Binding to the vine his ass, And to the choice vine the colt of his ass, He hath washed in wine his clothing, And in the blood of grapes his covering;
Binding to the vine his donkey, || And to the choice vine the colt of his donkey, || He has washed in wine his clothing, || And in the blood of grapes his covering;
He bindeth unto the vine his foal, and to the vine-branch his ass's colt; he washeth his garments in wine, and in the blood of grapes his clothes;
Binding his donkey to the vine, and his donkey's colt to the choice vine, he has washed his garments in wine, and his robe in the blood of grapes.
From the Latin
Tying his foal to the vineyard, and his ass, O my son, to the vine. He shall wash his robe in wine, and his garment in the blood of the grape.
Simplified
He ties his donkey to the vine, his donkey's colt to the best vine. He washes his clothes in wine, his robes in the red juice of grapes.
Knotting his ass's cord to the vine, and his young ass to the best vine; washing his robe in wine, and his clothing in the blood of grapes:
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text states that he ties his donkey to the vine and washes his garments in wine. The Septuagint largely agrees with the Masoretic Text, matching 11 out of 12 words, though it presents them in a different order and structure. The Samaritan Pentateuch differs in six words: it uses 'אסורי' (bind) instead of 'אֹסְרִי' (tie), 'עירו' (ass) instead of 'אֲתֹנ֑וֹ' (his donkey), 'איתנו' (she-ass) instead of 'בְּנִ֣י' (colt), 'לבושו' (garment) instead of 'לְבֻשׁ֔וֹ' (his garments), 'כ' (as) instead of 'כִּבֵּ֤ס' (washes), and 'כסותו' (garment) instead of 'סוּתֽוֹ' (his robes). These differences highlight variations in translation and interpretation among the ancient texts.
אֹסְרִ֤י לַגֶּ֙פֶן֙ עִיר֔וֹ וְלַשֹּׂרֵקָ֖ה בְּנִ֣י אֲתֹנ֑וֹ כִּבֵּ֤ס בַּיַּ֙יִן֙ לְבֻשׁ֔וֹ וּבְדַם־ עֲנָבִ֖ים סוּתֽוֹ׃
11 of the 12 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
אסורי לגפן עירו ולשׂרקה בני איתנו כבס ביין לבושׁו ובדם ענבים כסותו
6 words differ from the Masoretic Text: אסורי (bind), עירו (ass), איתנו (she-ass), לבושׁו (garment), כ (as), סותו (garment)
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Genesis 49:11
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
אָסַר (asar) is a Hebrew verb meaning to tie or bind, with a range of applications including imprisonment and the figurative sense of obligation, such as oaths. It can also refer to preparing for battle or being taken prisoner. The entries indicate that it can be used in various forms, including Qal, Niphal, and Pual, each with slightly different nuances.
[אָסַר] vb. tie, bind, imprison
Qal
tie, bind, for security
tie, harness
bind, with cords
gird (rare & late)
begin the battle, make the attack
fig. of obligation of oath or vow
Niph. be bound, imprisoned
Pu. be taken prisoner
base
H631 [אָסַר] tie, bind, imprison .. tie, bind, for security
. tie, harness
. bind, with cords
. gird (rare & late)
. begin the battle, make the attack
. fig. of obligation of oath or vow
. be bound, imprisoned
. be taken prisoner
631 'acar aw-sar'
a primitive root; to yoke or hitch; by analogy, to fasten in
any sense, to join battle:--bind, fast, gird, harness, hold,
keep, make ready, order, prepare, prison(-er), put in bonds,
set in array, tie.
אָסַר (a.sar) — to bind.
1) to tie, bind, imprison
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to tie, bind
1a2) to tie, harness
1a3) to bind (with cords)
1a4) to gird (rare and late)
1a5) to begin the battle, make the attack
1a6) of obligation of oath (figurative)
1b) (Niphal) to be imprisoned, bound
1c) (Pual) to be taken prisoner
V-Qal — Verb · Qal · participle (active) masculine singular commonHVqrmsc
גֶּ֫פֶן (gephen) means 'vine' and is derived from a root suggesting bending, reflecting the twining nature of vines. It encompasses literal uses, such as the grapevine, as well as metaphorical applications related to prosperity and even the fading of stars at divine judgment.
גֶּ֫פֶן n.f. vine
base
H1612 גֶּ֫פֶן vine
1612 gephen gheh'-fen
from an unused root meaning to bend; a vine (as twining),
especially the grape:--vine, tree.
גֶּ֫פֶן (ge.phen) — vine.
1) vine, vine tree
1a) of Israel (fig.)
1b) of stars fading at Jehovah's judgment (metaph.)
1c) of prosperity
Prep | N-cs — Preposition · noun common both singular absoluteHRd/Ncbsa
vin:
1. Hebrew Words:
(1) gephen, usually the cultivated grape vine. In Nu 6:4; Jud 13:14 we have gephen ha-yayin, literally, "vine of wine," translated "grape vine" (Numbers) and "vine," margin "grape vine" (Jgs); 2Ki 4:39, gephen sadheh English Versions of the Bible "wild vine"; De 32:32, gephen cedhom, "vine of Sodom."
Vine
One of the most important products of Palestine. The first mention of it is in the history of Noah (Gen. 9:20). It is afterwards frequently noticed both in the Old and New Testaments, and in the ruins of terraced vineyards there are evidences that it was extensively cultivated by the Jews. It was cultivated in Palestine before the Israelites took possession of it. The men sent out by Moses brought with them from the Valley of Eshcol a cluster of grapes so large that “they bare it between two upon a staff” (Num. 13: 23). The vineyards of En-gedi (Cant. 1:14), Heshbon, Sibmah, Jazer, Elealeh (Isa. 16:8-10; Jer. 48:32, 34), and Helbon (
the well-known valuable plant (vitis vinifera) very frequently referred to in the Old and New Testaments, and cultivated from the earliest times. The first mention of this plant occurs in (Genesis 9:20,21) That it was abundantly cultivated in Egypt is evident from the frequent representations on the monuments, as well as from the scriptural allusions. (Genesis 40:9-11; Psalms 78:47) The vines of Palestine were celebrated both for luxuriant growth and for the immense clusters of grapes which they produced, which were sometimes carried on a staff between two men, as in the case of the spies, (Numbers 13:23) and as has been done in some instances in modern times. Special…
Of this valuable and familiar plant there are several varieties, the natural products of warm climates, where also it has been cultivated from the earliest times. Hence the early and frequent mention of its products in Scripture, Ge 9:20 14:18 19:22 Job 1:18. The grape-vine grew plentifully in Palestine, De 8:8, and was particularly excellent in some of the districts. The Scriptures celebrate the vines of Sibmah and Eshcol; and profane authors mention the excellent wines of Gaza, Sarepta, Lebanon, Sharon, Ascalon, and Tyre. See SOREK.
The grapes of Egypt, Ge 40:11, being small, we may easily conceive of the surprise which was occasioned to the Israelites by witnessing the…
עַ֫יִר (*`ayir*) refers to a young male donkey, specifically one that is vigorous and capable of bearing a load. It is derived from a root meaning to raise or bear a burden. The word encompasses terms like colt and foal, indicating its youthfulness.
עַ֫יִר n.m. male ass (young and vigorous)
base
H5895 עַ֫יִר male ass (young and vigorous)
5895 `ayir ah'-yeer
from 5782 in the sense of raising (i.e. bearing a burden);
properly, a young ass (as just broken to a load); hence an
ass-colt:--(ass) colt, foal, young ass.
see HEBREW for 05782
עַ֫יִר (a.yir) — colt.
he-ass, male ass
N-ms | Suff — Noun common masculine singular construct · suffixHNcmsc/Sp3ms
שֹׂרֵק (soreq) refers to a choice species of vine, specifically one that yields high-quality grapes. The feminine form, שֹׂרֵקָה (soreqah), also denotes a vine. The term is associated with the concept of nobility in wine production, as indicated in Genesis 49:11.
done
H8321a שֹׂרֵק choice species of vine H8321b שֹׂרֵקָה prob. Wady Ṣurâr, on N. side of which is ruin Sûrîk
8321 soreq so-rake'
or sowreq {so-rake'}; and (feminine) soreqah {so- ray-kaw'};
from 8319 in the sense of redness (compare 8320); a vine stock
(properly, one yielding purple grapes, the richest
variety):--choice(-st, noble) wine. Compare 8291.
see HEBREW for 08319
see HEBREW for 08320
see HEBREW for 08291
שֹׂרֵק (so.req) — vine.
choice species of vine, choice grapes
Also means: so.re.qah (שֹׂרֵקָה "vine" H8321B)
שֹׂרֵקָה (so.re.qah) — vine.
choice vine
Another spelling of so.req (שֹׂרֵק "vine" H8321A)
Conj | Prep | N-fs — Conjunction · preposition · noun common feminine singular absoluteHC/Rd/Ncfsa
vin:
1. Hebrew Words:
(1) gephen, usually the cultivated grape vine. In Nu 6:4; Jud 13:14 we have gephen ha-yayin, literally, "vine of wine," translated "grape vine" (Numbers) and "vine," margin "grape vine" (Jgs); 2Ki 4:39, gephen sadheh English Versions of the Bible "wild vine"; De 32:32, gephen cedhom, "vine of Sodom."
Vine
One of the most important products of Palestine. The first mention of it is in the history of Noah (Gen. 9:20). It is afterwards frequently noticed both in the Old and New Testaments, and in the ruins of terraced vineyards there are evidences that it was extensively cultivated by the Jews. It was cultivated in Palestine before the Israelites took possession of it. The men sent out by Moses brought with them from the Valley of Eshcol a cluster of grapes so large that “they bare it between two upon a staff” (Num. 13: 23). The vineyards of En-gedi (Cant. 1:14), Heshbon, Sibmah, Jazer, Elealeh (Isa. 16:8-10; Jer. 48:32, 34), and Helbon (
the well-known valuable plant (vitis vinifera) very frequently referred to in the Old and New Testaments, and cultivated from the earliest times. The first mention of this plant occurs in (Genesis 9:20,21) That it was abundantly cultivated in Egypt is evident from the frequent representations on the monuments, as well as from the scriptural allusions. (Genesis 40:9-11; Psalms 78:47) The vines of Palestine were celebrated both for luxuriant growth and for the immense clusters of grapes which they produced, which were sometimes carried on a staff between two men, as in the case of the spies, (Numbers 13:23) and as has been done in some instances in modern times. Special…
Of this valuable and familiar plant there are several varieties, the natural products of warm climates, where also it has been cultivated from the earliest times. Hence the early and frequent mention of its products in Scripture, Ge 9:20 14:18 19:22 Job 1:18. The grape-vine grew plentifully in Palestine, De 8:8, and was particularly excellent in some of the districts. The Scriptures celebrate the vines of Sibmah and Eshcol; and profane authors mention the excellent wines of Gaza, Sarepta, Lebanon, Sharon, Ascalon, and Tyre. See SOREK.
The grapes of Egypt, Ge 40:11, being small, we may easily conceive of the surprise which was occasioned to the Israelites by witnessing the…
בֵּן (ben) means 'son' or 'male child' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including descendants, young animals, and even figurative uses like sparks or arrows. It can refer to members of a tribe or class and is used in various contexts throughout the Old Testament, such as in 1 Chronicles 24:26. The word is derived from a root meaning 'to build' and implies a connection to family or lineage.
בֵּן 4870 n.m. son
son, male child, born of a woman
children (male and female)
youth, young men
the young of animals
of plant shoots
fig. of lifeless things, sparks, stars, arrows
member of a guild, order or class
of animals son of (the) herd
ב׳ as n. relat. followed by word of quality, characteristic, etc.
n. relat. of age
base
בְּנוֹ 1 Ch 24:26, 27 as n.pr.m. in AV, RV, but render: the sons of Jaaziah his son, & the sons of Merari by Jaaziah his son, cf. VB & Be Öt.
done
H1121a בֵּן son . son, male child, born of a woman
. children (male and female)
. youth, young men
. the young of animals
. of plant shoots
. fig. of lifeless things, sparks, stars, arrows
. . member of a guild, order or class
. of animals son of (the) herd
. ב׳ as n. relat. followed by word of quality, characteristic, etc.
. n. relat. of age
H1121b בְּנוֹ as n. pr. m. in AV, RV, but render: the sons of Jaaziah his son, & the sons of Merari by Jaaziah his son
1121 ben bane
from 1129; a son (as a builder of the family name), in the
widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship,
including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition,
etc., (like 1, 251, etc.)):--+ afflicted, age, (Ahoh-)
(Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-)ite, (anoint-)ed one, appointed to,
(+) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-)ian, one born,
bough, branch, breed, + (young) bullock, + (young) calf, X
came up in, child, colt, X common, X corn, daughter, X of
first, + firstborn, foal, + very fruitful, + postage, X in, +
kid, + lamb, (+) man, meet, + mighty, + nephew, old, (+)
people, + rebel, + robber, X servant born, X soldier, son, +
spark, + steward, + stranger, X surely, them of, + tumultuous
one, + valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth.
see HEBREW for 01129
see HEBREW for 01
see HEBREW for 0251
בֵּן (ben) — son: child.
: child/son
בְּנוֹ (be.no) — Beno.
A man of the tribe of Levi living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ch.24.26;
son of: Jaaziah (H3269);
brother of: Shoham (H7719), Zaccur (H2139I) and Ibri (H5681)
§ Beno = "his son"
the sons of Jaaziah and the sons of Merari by Jaahziah (his son)
בֵּן (ben) — son: descendant/people.
: descendant, people, tribe, nation
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
§ : child/son
בֵּן (ben) — son: young animal.
: calf/lamb/young(ANIMAL)
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
§ : descendant
בֵּן (ben) — son: type of.
: rebel/son(Belial)
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
§ : people/men/nation/tribe
בֵּן (ben) — son.
: [inheriting]son/heir
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
בֵּן (ben) — son: warrior.
: warrior/son(strong)
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular constructHNcmsc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
The Hebrew word אָתוֹן (*'athown*) means 'she-ass' or 'she-donkey.' It is derived from a root related to patience, suggesting docility. The entries consistently define it as a female donkey without significant disagreement among lexicons.
אָתוֹן n.f. she-ass
base
H860 אָתוֹן she-ass
860 'athown aw-thone'
probably from the same as 386 (in the sense of patience); a
female donkey (from its docility):--(she) ass.
see HEBREW for 0386
אָתוֹן (a.ton) — she-ass.
she-ass, she-donkey
HNcfsc/Sp3ms — Noun common feminine singular construct · suffixHNcfsc/Sp3ms
כָּבַס (kabac) means to wash, specifically by treading, and is associated with the work of a fuller. It can refer to both literal washing of garments or people and figurative uses. The entries note various forms, including participles and different verb stems, indicating actions like washing and being washed.
[כָּבַס] 51 vb. (tread), wash
Qal highway of fuller’s (= treader’s, washer’s) field
Pi.
wash garments (i.e. by treading)
wash person
Pu. be washed, of garment
Hothp. after the plague is washed out
base
H3526 כָּבַס (tread), wash
3526 kabac kaw-bas'
a primitive root; to trample; hence, to wash (properly, by
stamping with the feet), whether literal (including the
fulling process) or figurative:--fuller, wash(-ing).
כָּבַס (ka.vas) — Washer's.
This name means to wash (by treading)
כָּבַס (ka.vas) — to wash.
1) to wash (by treading), be washed, perform the work of a fuller
1a) (Qal) washer, fuller, treader (participle)
1b) (Piel) to wash (garments, person)
1c) (Pual) to be washed
1d) (Hothpael) to be washed out
V-Piel-Perf-3ms — Verb · Piel · perfect third person masculine singularHVpp3ms
יַ֫יִן (yayin) means 'wine' and is associated with fermentation and intoxication. It appears in various contexts, including banqueting. The word is derived from an unused root that suggests the idea of effervescence.
יַ֫יִן 141 n.m. wine
base
H3196 יַ֫יִן wine
3196 yayin yah'-yin
from an unused root meaning to effervesce; wine (as
fermented); by implication, intoxication:--banqueting, wine,
wine(-bibber).
יַ֫יִן (ya.yin) — wine.
wine
Prep | N-ms — Preposition · noun common masculine singular absoluteHRd/Ncmsa
Wine
The common Hebrew word for wine is yayin, from a root meaning “to boil up,” “to be in a ferment.” Others derive it from a root meaning “to tread out,” and hence the juice of the grape trodden out. The Greek word for wine is oinos_, and the Latin _vinun. But besides this common Hebrew word, there are several others which are thus rendered.
(1.) Ashishah (2 Sam. 6:19; 1 Chr. 16:3; Cant. 2:5; Hos. 3:1), which, however, rather denotes a solid cake of pressed grapes, or, as in the Revised Version, a cake of raisins.
(2.) ‘Asis, “sweet wine,” or “new wine,” the product of the same year (Cant. 8:2;
The manufacture of wine is carried back in the Bible to the age of Noah, (Genesis 9:20,21) to whom the discovery of the process is apparently, though not explicitly, attributed. The natural history and culture of the vine are described under a separate head. [VINE] The only other plant whose fruit is noticed as having been converted into wine was the pomegranate. (Solomon 8:2) In Palestine the vintage takes place in September, and is celebrated with great rejoicing. The ripe fruit was gathered in baskets, (Jeremiah 6:9) as represented in Egyptian paintings, and was carried to the wine-press. It was then placed in the upper one of the two vats or receptacles of which the winepress was formed, and was subjected to the process of "treading," which has prevailed in all ages in Oriental…
The vine being natural to the soil of Canaan and its vicinity, wine was much used as a beverage, especially at festivals, Es 1:7 5:6 Da 5:1-4 Joh 2:3. As one of the staple products of the Holy Land, it was employed for drink-offerings in the temple service, Ex 20:26 Nu 15:4-10; it was included among the "first-fruits," De 18:4, and was used in the celebration of the Passover, and subsequently of the Lord’s supper, Mt 26:27-29. Together with corn and oil it denoted all temporal supplies,
לְבוּשׁ (lebush) refers to clothing or garments in a literal or figurative sense, and can also imply a euphemism for a wife. It encompasses terms like apparel and raiment. The word is derived from a root meaning related to clothing, and its Aramaic equivalent is noted as well.
לְבוּשׁ, לְבֻשׁ n.m. garment, clothing, raiment
base
H3830 לְבוּשׁ, לְבֻשׁ garment, clothing, raiment
3830 lbuwsh leb-oosh'
or lbush {leb-oosh'}; from 3847; a garment (literally or
figuratively); by implication (euphem.) a wife:--apparel,
clothed with, clothing, garment, raiment, vestment, vesture.
see HEBREW for 03847
לְבוּשׁ (le.vush) — clothing.
clothing, garment, apparel, raiment
Aramaic equivalent: le.vush (לְבוּשׁ "garment" H3831)
N-ms | Suff — Noun common masculine singular construct · suffixHNcmsc/Sp3ms
דָּם (dam) means 'blood' and refers to the blood of both humans and animals. It is often associated with death, particularly when shed, and can also figuratively denote the juice of grapes or bloodshed. The term carries religious significance and is used in various contexts, including references to guilt and innocence.
דָּם 300 n.m. blood
blood of man or animal
usually blood become visible
blood used with religious significance
fig. of wine
base
H1818 דָּם blood
1818 dam dawm
from 1826 (compare 119); blood (as that which when shed
causes death) of man or an animal; by analogy, the juice of
the grape; figuratively (especially in the plural) bloodshed
(i.e. drops of blood):--blood(-y, -guiltiness, (-thirsty), +
innocent.
see HEBREW for 01826
see HEBREW for 0119
דָּם (dam) — blood.
1) blood
1a) of wine (fig.)
Conj | Prep | N-ms — Conjunction · preposition · noun common masculine singular constructHC/R/Ncmsc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
עֵנָב (enab) means 'grape' or 'grapes,' referring to the fruit. It is derived from a root that likely means to bear fruit. The entries consistently focus on the fruit itself, with no significant disagreement among lexicons.
עֵנָב n.m. grape(s)
base
H6025 עֵנָב grape(s)
6025 `enab ay-nawb'
from an unused root probably meaning to bear fruit; a
grape:--(ripe) grape, wine.
עֵנָב (e.nav) — grape.
grape(s)
N-mp — Noun common · masculine plural absoluteHNcmpa
graps.
See VINE.
The fruit of the vine. The grapes of Palestine were very fine, of great size and high flavor, Nu 13:24. At present, and probably the same has always been true, the wine that is made requires but a small part of the annual yield of the vines. Dr. Robinson says, "No wine is made from the very extensive vineyards of Hebron, except a little by the Jews." While yet green, grapes are used for food in various ways; and are dried in the sun, or their juice preserved in bottles, to secure a pleasant vegetable tart all the year round, Nu 6:4. Ripe grapes may be had in Syria four or five months, Le 26:5; and when the season closes many are hung up in clusters, suitably protected, and remain without drying up all through the winter. Grapes…
סוּת (cuwth) refers to a type of covering or clothing, specifically 'vesture' or 'garment.' The entries suggest it is related to a root meaning covering. It is mentioned in Genesis 49:11.
[סוּת] n.[m.] vesture;—sf. Gn 49:11
ref
H5497 [סוּת] vesture
5497 cuwth sooth
probably from the same root as 4533; covering, i.e.
clothing:--clothes.
see HEBREW for 04533
סוּת (sut) — vesture.
garment, vesture
N-ms | Suff — Noun common masculine singular construct · suffixHNcmsc/Sp3ms