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Psalms 89:22 — Word Study

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WLCלֹֽא־ יַשִּׁ֣א אוֹיֵ֣ב בּ֑וֹ וּבֶן־ עַ֝וְלָ֗ה לֹ֣א יְעַנֶּֽנּוּ׃

BSAwhichʼăsher handyâd to establishkûwn withʻim alsoʼaph armzᵉrôwaʻ to strengthenʼâmats

Word
Listen & take awayPsalms 89
English ↓ Download MP3 The Berean Standard Bible chapter audio already hosted for the site's Bible section — verse 22 is in this chapter.
Hebrew ↓ Download MP3 The Masoretic text of this chapter, read aloud. Read by Abraham Shmuelof, courtesy of Audio Scriptures International. Chapter divisions by the Academy of Ancient Languages..
Say the word Each Hebrew word carries its transliteration (ye.'an.Ne.nu) — no per-word recordings of the Hebrew exist to link to.
Take it away
Psalms 89:22quick helps
In a sentenceThe verse assures that no enemy will demand tribute and no wicked person will oppress him.
Who is speakingThe psalmist, speaking of God's protection over His chosen.
Where we arePart of a psalm celebrating God's covenant and faithfulness.
The hard wordעַ֝וְלָ֗ה
Take awayGod's chosen will be safeguarded from oppression.
8 commentators on this verse Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them › clause subjectהוּא verbיָד The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
How rare are these words?in the Old Testament

Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.

Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.

Deep Study — Psalms 89:22

Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.

Context — God's Promise of Protectiongenerated

21My hand will sustain him; surely My arm will strengthen him.
22No enemy will exact tribute; no wicked man will oppress him.
23I will crush his foes before him and strike down those who hate him.
24My faithfulness and loving devotion will be with him, and through My name his horn will be exalted.

Psalms 89:22 expresses God's assurance of protection for His chosen one, highlighting that neither enemies nor wicked individuals can impose their will upon him. This verse is part of a larger context where the psalmist reflects on God's faithfulness and the covenant made with David, ensuring that his lineage will be upheld and protected against adversaries, as seen in verses 21 and 23.


Cross References

ReferenceText (BSB)
11 Chronicles 17:9And I will provide a place for My people Israel and will plant them so that they may dwell in a place of their own and be disturbed no more. No longer will the sons of wickedness oppress them as they did at the beginning
2Matthew 4:1–10Then Jesus was led by the Spirit into the wilderness to be tempted by the devil.
3John 17:12While I was with them, I protected and preserved them by Your name, the name You gave Me. Not one of them has been lost, except the son of destruction, so that the Scripture would be fulfilled.
42 Thessalonians 2:3Let no one deceive you in any way, for it will not come until the rebellion occurs and the man of lawlessness—the son of destruction—is revealed.

The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 4 references, hung on the phrase they belong to


The Key Word עַ֝וְלָ֗ה, 'av.Lahgenerated

The word עַ֝וְלָ֗ה ('avlah) signifies injustice or moral evil, encompassing acts that violate God's standards of righteousness. It is a feminine noun that often describes wrongful actions, including violence and unfair treatment. The parsing indicates it is in the absolute form, emphasizing its significance in the verse.

In this context, it highlights the nature of the wicked man who seeks to oppress. The use of this word underscores the moral failings of those who act unjustly, contrasting with the protection assured by God.


How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated

This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, which uses the term wicked to describe the man who would oppress.


Sentence Structuregenerated

The main verb of the verse is יַשִּׁ֣א (ya.Shi'), meaning 'he will deceive,' which governs the subject אוֹיֵ֣ב ('o.Yev), 'an enemy.' The structure presents a clear negation with two clauses: the first concerning the enemy's actions and the second about the wicked man.

The Hebrew word order places emphasis on the negation, starting with לֹֽא־ (lo') to highlight that neither the enemy nor the wicked man has power over him.


Septuagint Backgroundgenerated

In the Septuagint, the Hebrew words are translated with μου (mou), which means 'my.' This choice reflects a personal connection to the subject, emphasizing the protective relationship between God and His chosen one.

The translation captures the essence of the original Hebrew, maintaining the theme of divine protection against adversaries.


In plain words — the whole versegenerated

Psalms 89:22 assures that no enemy will demand tribute and no wicked person will oppress him. This reflects God's promise of protection for His chosen, emphasizing that they will not be harmed by those who seek to do evil.


Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated

What does it mean that no enemy will exact tribute?

It means that God's chosen will not be subjected to demands or taxes imposed by adversaries, highlighting divine protection.

Who is referred to as the wicked man in this verse?

The wicked man refers to any individual characterized by evil or injustice, who seeks to oppress others.

How does this verse reflect God's faithfulness?

It reflects God's faithfulness by assuring His chosen that they will be safeguarded from harm and oppression.

What can we learn about God's protection from this verse?

We learn that God actively protects His people from their enemies and the wicked, ensuring their safety and well-being.


Reflection Questionsgenerated

  1. In what ways have I experienced God's protection in my life?
  2. How can I recognize and resist the influence of wickedness around me?
  3. What steps can I take to support those who are oppressed or facing injustice?
  4. How does understanding God's promise of protection impact my faith?

The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it

Augustine of Hippo references this verse in his exposition, emphasizing that the enemy cannot harm the faithful.

Augustine of HippoExposition on Psalms 89 354–430
"The enemy shall not be able to do him violence" [Psalms 89:22]. The enemy rages indeed but he shall not be able to do Him violence: he is wont to hurt, but he shall not hurt.
Early Church Fathers on Psalms 89 →

Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse

Each of these wrote on Psalms 89:22 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.

John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

The enemy shall not exact upon him,.... The enemy is the devil, as in the interpretation of the parable of the tares, Matthew 13:39, the implacable enemy of Christ and his church; and yet,

Read John Gill on Psalms 89 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary

Then thou spakest in vision to thy holy one, and saidst, I have laid help upon one that is mighty; I have exalted one chosen out of the people.

Read Robert Jamieson on Psalms 89 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy Bible

Not exact upon him; not conquer him, or make him tributary. Or, shall not deceive or circumvent him, as this word is used, . Afflict him, to wit, so as to overthrow or destroy him.

Read Matthew Poole on Psalms 89 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

Psalms 89:22 The enemy shall not exact upon him; nor the son of wickedness afflict him.Ver. 22. The enemy shall not exact upon him] Or, shall profit nothing, not prosper at all, as the Chaldee and Greek have it. Nor the son of wickedness] Heb. of injurious evil, one that is set upon mischief, as Aaron said, this people is wholly set upon wickedness, Exodus 32:22.

Read John Trapp on Psalms 89 →
Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(22) Exact.—This meaning is possible, and is supported by the LXX. and Vulgate, “shall not get profit.” There may be an allusion to Deuteronomy 15:6, but perhaps it is better to take the verb in the same sense as the Hebrew margin of Psa 55:15, “shall not surprise him;” Symmachus has, “lead him astray.”

Read Charles John Ellicott on Psalms 89 →
AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible

Verse 22. The enemy shall not exact upon him] None of his enemies shall be able to prevail against him. It is worthy of remark that David was never overthrown; he finally conquered every foe that rose up against him. Saul's persecution, Absalom's revolt, Sheba's conspiracy, and the struggle made by the partisans of the house of Saul after his death, only tended to call forth David's skill, courage, and prowess, and to seat him more firmly on his throne. The Philistines, the Ammonites, the Syrians, &c., united all their forces to crush him, but in vain: "God beat down all his foes before his face," and variously plagued those who opposed him, Psalms 89:23.

Read AdamClarke on Psalms 89 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

22. shall not exact upon him] Shall not oppress him as a creditor oppresses a debtor. But the sense is doubtful, and the word probably means surprise him, fall upon him unawares, as in Psalms 55:15. nor the son of wickedness afflict him] The phrase is taken from 2 Samuel 7:10, where however it is applied to the people.

Read Cambridge on Psalms 89 →
Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the Bible

The enemy shall not exact upon him - The literal meaning here is derived from the force sometimes used in extorting or demanding a debt, where no indulgence is shown, but where it is exacted to the

Read Albert Barnes on Psalms 89 →

The verse in English, compared — 16 translations, and where they part company

Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.

Modern formal

BSBBerean Standard Bible2020

No enemy will exact tribute; no wicked man will oppress him.

WEBWorld English Bible2000

No enemy will tax him. No wicked man will oppress him.

MSBMajority Standard Bible2022

No enemy will exact tribute; no wicked man will oppress him.

NETBNew English Translation2006

No enemy will be able to exact tribute from him; a violent oppressor will not be able to humiliate him.

Tyndale line

KJVKing James Version1611

The enemy shall not exact upon him; nor the son of wickedness afflict him.

ASVAmerican Standard Version1901

The enemy shall not exact from him, Nor the son of wickedness afflict him.

RVARevised Version, American1894

The enemy shall not exact upon him; nor the son of wickedness afflict him.

NWBWebster's Bible1833

The enemy shall not exact upon him; nor the son of wickedness afflict him.

GNVGeneva Bible1599

The enemie shall not oppresse him, neither shall the wicked hurt him.

Strictly literal

DBYDarby Translation1890

No enemy shall exact upon him, nor the son of wickedness afflict him;

YLTYoung's Literal Translation1862

An enemy exacteth not upon him, And a son of perverseness afflicteth him not.

LSVLiteral Standard Version2020

An enemy does not exact on him, || And a son of perverseness does not afflict him.

ILTInterlinear Literal Translation2000

(89:23) The enemy shall not exact from him like a lender: and the son of injustice shall not afflict him:

ULBUnlocked Literal Bible2017

No enemy will deceive him; no son of wickedness will oppress him.

Simplified

FBVFree Bible Version2020

His enemies will not deceive him; the wicked will not bring him down.

BBEBible in Basic English1949

The deceit of those who are against him will not overcome him; he will not be troubled by the sons of evil.

Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.


The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank

This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.

clauseadverbialלֹֽאnotverbיַשִּׁ֣אhe.will.deceivesubjectאוֹיֵ֣בan.enemyprepositional phrase · prepositionalבּ֑(in)וֹhimוּandclausenoun phrase · subjectבֶןa.sonעַ֝וְלָ֗הof.injusticeadverbialלֹ֣אnotverbיְעַנֶּֽheobjectנּוּwill.afflict.him

Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.


The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran

The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint align closely, with all words matched. The Dead Sea Scrolls fragment contains five words from the verse, indicating partial preservation, but the essence of the message remains consistent across these witnesses.

Masoretic TextLeningrad Codex, c. AD 1008 — the text this page is built on

לֹֽא־ יַשִּׁ֣א אוֹיֵ֣ב בּ֑וֹ וּבֶן־ עַ֝וְלָ֗ה לֹ֣א יְעַנֶּֽנּוּ׃

Septuagintthe Greek the translators chose, word by word
לֹֽא־γὰρיַשִּׁ֣אξείρאוֹיֵ֣בμουבּ֑וֹσυναντιλήμψεταιוּבֶן־καὶעַ֝וְלָ֗הβραξίωνלֹ֣אμουיְעַנֶּֽנּוּ׃αὐτόν

8 of the 8 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.

Dead Sea Scrolls — 4Q98ga copy a thousand years older than the Leningrad Codex

אשר שמן יד׳ו תכנ׳כם [ותאמצ׳כם]

5 words of the verse are on this fragment — 1 partly restored, 1 supplied entire by an editor.

Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.


The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with

This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.

Psalms 89:22לֹאnotnotלֹאנָשָׁאhe will deche will deceiveנָשָׁאאָיַבan enemyan enemyאָיַבוֹhimhimוֹבֵּןand a son oand a son ofבֵּןעָ֫וֶלinjusticeinjusticeעָ֫וֶללֹאnotnotלֹאעָנָהhe will affhe will afflictעָנָהבָּנָהto buildto buildבָּנָהעָוַלto act unjto act unjustlyעָוַלעוּןto dwellto dwellעוּןאָיַבbe hostilebe hostileאָיַביָכֹלbe ablebe ableיָכֹלעוֹדstillstillעוֹדזָדוֹןarrogancearroganceזָדוֹןצַרnarrownarrowצַרשָׂנֵאto hateto hateשָׂנֵאעַמּוֹןAmmonAmmonעַמּוֹןרְאוּבֵןReubenReubenרְאוּבֵןצְדָקָהrighteousnrighteousnessצְדָקָהצַדִּיקrighteousrighteousצַדִּיקצוֹםfastfastצוֹם
meets it a little oftener than chancemeets it far oftener than chancebuilt from the same roottwo words of the verse share ita word of this versea related word

Lexicons — every word in Psalms 89:22

One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.

Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.

not he will deceive an enemy him and a son of injustice not he will afflict him
לֹֽא־lo'- not H3808 Particle
5,170× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for not or no is used to indicate absence or negation, as when God says no to the Israelites' requests, or when they disobey His commands.
Tyndale gloss
not
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

לֹא (lo') is a Hebrew word meaning 'not' or 'no.' It serves as a simple negation and can imply absence or prohibition. The word can also be used in various contexts, often combined with other particles for emphasis or clarification. Its Aramaic equivalent is לָא (la), which also means 'not.'

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

לֹא or לוֹא adv. not

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3808 לֹא or לוֹא not

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3808 lo' lo

or lowi {lo}; or loh (Deut. 3:11) {lo}; a primitive particle;

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often

used with other particles (as follows):--X before, + or else,

ere, + except, ig(-norant), much, less, nay, neither, never,

no((-ne), -r, (-thing)), (X as though...,(can-), for) not (out

of), of nought, otherwise, out of, + surely, + as truly as, +

of a truth, + verily, for want, + whether, without.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

לֹא (lo) — not.

1) not, no

1a) not (with verb-absolute prohibition)

1b) not (with modifier-negation)

1c) nothing (subst)

1d) without (with particle)

1e) before (of time)

Aramaic equivalent: la (לָא "not" H3809)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HTn — Particle
HTn
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
not he will deceive an enemy him and a son of injustice not he will afflict him
יַשִּׁ֣אya.Shi' he will deceive H5377 Verb · Hiphil · imperfect third person masculine singular
16× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word means to deceive or lead someone astray, often used in a negative way. It appears in books like Genesis and Proverbs, warning about being deceived or misled. It's about being tricked or seduced into doing something wrong.
Tyndale gloss
to deceive
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

נָשָׁא (nasha') is a Hebrew verb meaning to deceive or beguile. It appears in the Niphal form, indicating being deceived, and in the Hiphil form, meaning to actively deceive. The entries emphasize its moral implications, suggesting a leading astray or seduction. There are no significant disagreements among the lexicons regarding its meaning.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

נָשָׁא vb. only Niph. Hiph. beguile, deceive

Niph. the princes have been beguiled

Hiph. beguile

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5377 נָשָׁא only Niph. Hiph. beguile, deceive

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5377 nasha' naw-shaw'

a primitive root; to lead astray, i.e. (mentally) to delude,

or (morally) to seduce:--beguile, deceive, X greatly, X

utterly.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

נָשָׁא (na.sah) — to deceive.

1) to beguile, deceive

1a) (Niphal) to be beguiled

1b) (Hiphil) to beguile, deceive

1c) (Qal) utterly (infinitive)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HVhi3ms — Verb · Hiphil · imperfect third person masculine singular
HVhi3ms
not he will deceive an enemy him and a son of injustice not he will afflict him
אוֹיֵ֣ב'o.Yev an enemy H341 Verb · Qal · participle (active) masculine singular
283× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means enemy or adversary, referring to someone who hates or opposes another person or nation. It is used to describe personal or national enemies in the Bible.
Tyndale gloss
enemy
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אֹיֵב (oyeb) means 'enemy' or 'foe,' indicating hostility. It can refer to personal or national adversaries. The word is derived from the active participle of another root, אָיַב (ayab), which also conveys the sense of being hostile.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[אָיַב] 283 vb. be hostile to (enemy = אֹיֵב)

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H341 אָיַב be hostile to (enemy = אֹיֵב)

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

341 'oyeb o-yabe'

or (fully) owyeb {o-yabe'}; active participle of 340;

hating; an adversary:--enemy, foe.

see HEBREW for 0340

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אֹיֵב (o.yev) — enemy.

1) (Qal) enemy

1a) personal

1b) national

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HVqrmsa — Verb · Qal · participle (active) masculine singular
HVqrmsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

en'-e-mi ('oyebh, tsar, tsar; echthros):

"Enemy," "enemies," are frequent words in the Old Testament. The Hebrew word most often so translated is 'oyebh, meaning perhaps literally, "one who hates"; very frequent in the Psalms, eg. 3:7; 6:10; 7:5; 8:2; 9:3,1; 13:2, where the cry is often for deliverance from enemies. Another word for "enemy," found chiefly in the poetical books, is tsar, or tsar, "distresser," "straitener" (Nu 10:9; Job 16:9; Ps 27:2,12, the Revised Version (British and American) "adversary," etc.); also tsarar (Es 3:10; Ps 8:2; 10:5 the King James Version, etc.). Other words are `ar, "one awake" (

Nave's Topical Bible

→ General scriptures concerning Ex 23:5; Job 31:29,30; Ps 35:1-28; Pr 24:17,18; 25:21,22; Mt 5:43-48; Lu 6:27-36; Ro 12:14,20

→ The wickedness of David's Ps 56:5; 57:4,6; 62:4; 69:4,9; 71:10; 102:8; 109:2-5; 129:1-3

→ His imprecations against

See PRAYER, IMPRECATORY

→ Instances of forgiveness of

David, of Absalom, and co-conspirators 2Sa 19:6,12,13

not he will deceive an enemy him and a son of injustice not he will afflict him
בּ֑וֹbo him H9033 Preposition · suffix
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

וֹ (o) — him.

Personal object pronoun - suffix for propositions and verbs without an object: 3rd person masculine singular

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HR/Sp3ms — Preposition · suffix
HR/Sp3ms
not he will deceive an enemy him and a son of injustice not he will afflict him
וּבֶן־u.ven- and a son of H1121 Conjunction · noun common masculine singular construct
4,943× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the Bible, this word means a son or descendant, and can also refer to a grandson, nation, or quality. It appears in 1 Chronicles 24, describing a Levite named Beno. The word is used to show family relationships and inheritance.
Tyndale gloss
son: child
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

בֵּן (ben) means 'son' or 'male child' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including descendants, young animals, and even figurative uses like sparks or arrows. It can refer to members of a tribe or class and is used in various contexts throughout the Old Testament, such as in 1 Chronicles 24:26. The word is derived from a root meaning 'to build' and implies a connection to family or lineage.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

בֵּן 4870 n.m. son

son, male child, born of a woman

children (male and female)

youth, young men

the young of animals

of plant shoots

fig. of lifeless things, sparks, stars, arrows

member of a guild, order or class

of animals son of (the) herd

ב׳ as n. relat. followed by word of quality, characteristic, etc.

n. relat. of age

base

בְּנוֹ 1 Ch 24:26, 27 as n.pr.m. in AV, RV, but render: the sons of Jaaziah his son, & the sons of Merari by Jaaziah his son, cf. VB & Be Öt.

done

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1121a בֵּן son . son, male child, born of a woman

. children (male and female)

. youth, young men

. the young of animals

. of plant shoots

. fig. of lifeless things, sparks, stars, arrows

. . member of a guild, order or class

. of animals son of (the) herd

. ב׳ as n. relat. followed by word of quality, characteristic, etc.

. n. relat. of age

H1121b בְּנוֹ as n. pr. m. in AV, RV, but render: the sons of Jaaziah his son, & the sons of Merari by Jaaziah his son

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1121 ben bane

from 1129; a son (as a builder of the family name), in the

widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship,

including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition,

etc., (like 1, 251, etc.)):--+ afflicted, age, (Ahoh-)

(Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-)ite, (anoint-)ed one, appointed to,

(+) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-)ian, one born,

bough, branch, breed, + (young) bullock, + (young) calf, X

came up in, child, colt, X common, X corn, daughter, X of

first, + firstborn, foal, + very fruitful, + postage, X in, +

kid, + lamb, (+) man, meet, + mighty, + nephew, old, (+)

people, + rebel, + robber, X servant born, X soldier, son, +

spark, + steward, + stranger, X surely, them of, + tumultuous

one, + valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth.

see HEBREW for 01129

see HEBREW for 01

see HEBREW for 0251

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

בֵּן (ben) — son: child.

: child/son

בְּנוֹ (be.no) — Beno.

A man of the tribe of Levi living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ch.24.26;

son of: Jaaziah (H3269);

brother of: Shoham (H7719), Zaccur (H2139I) and Ibri (H5681)

§ Beno = "his son"

the sons of Jaaziah and the sons of Merari by Jaahziah (his son)

בֵּן (ben) — son: descendant/people.

: descendant, people, tribe, nation

A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)

§ : child/son

בֵּן (ben) — son: young animal.

: calf/lamb/young(ANIMAL)

A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)

§ : descendant

בֵּן (ben) — son: type of.

: rebel/son(Belial)

A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)

§ : people/men/nation/tribe

בֵּן (ben) — son.

: [inheriting]son/heir

A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)

בֵּן (ben) — son: warrior.

: warrior/son(strong)

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HC/Ncmsc — Conjunction · noun common masculine singular construct
HC/Ncmsc
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ov:

(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.

English usagewhat the translators’ English meant
Webster's Dictionary (1828), Webster's Unabridged (1913), Webster's Dictionary (1806)

OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]

1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.

I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.

For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.

It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.

Lamentations 3:1.

The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.

Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.

That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.

Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…

not he will deceive an enemy him and a son of injustice not he will afflict him
עַ֝וְלָ֗ה'av.Lah injustice H5766 Noun common · feminine singular absolute
54× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Injustice or moral evil is what this word represents, covering violent deeds, unfair speech, and general wrongdoing. It is used to describe actions that go against God's standards of righteousness.
Tyndale gloss
injustice
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word עָ֫וֶל (*evel*) and its variant עַוְלָה (*avlah*) both denote concepts of injustice and unrighteousness. They encompass moral evil, including violent deeds and wrongful speech. The entries highlight their usage as nouns, with no significant disagreement among lexicons.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

עָ֫וֶל n.m. injustice, unrighteousness

base

עַוְלָה n.f. injustice, unrighteousness, wrong

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5766a עָ֫וֶל injustice, unrighteousness H5766b עַוְלָה injustice, unrighteousness, wrong

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5766 `evel eh'-vel

or lavel {aw'-vel}; and (feminine) lavlah {av-law'}; or owlah

{o-law'}; or .olah {o-law'}; from 5765; (moral)

evil:--iniquity, perverseness, unjust(-ly),

unrighteousness(-ly); wicked(-ness).

see HEBREW for 05765

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

עָ֫וֶל (e.vel) — injustice.

injustice, unrighteousness

Another spelling of av.lah (עַוְלָה "injustice" H5766B)

עַוְלָה (av.lah) — injustice.

1) injustice, unrighteousness, wrong

1a) violent deeds of injustice

1b) injustice (of speech)

1c) injustice (generally)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HNcfsa — Noun common · feminine singular absolute
HNcfsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
Nave's Topical Bible

→ General scriptures concerning Ex 22:21,22; 23:1-3,6,7; Le 19:15,35,36; De 16:19,20; 24:17,18; 27:19; Job 16:16,17; 31:13-15; Ps 12:5; 43:1; 82:2; Pr 11:7; 17:15; 28:8; 29:27; 31:4,5; Ec 3:16; 5:8; Isa 26:10; Jer 22:3-5; La 3:34-36; Am 5:11,12; Zep…

- Forbidden

Le 19:15,35; De 16:19

- SPECIALLY TO BE AVOIDED TOWARDS

. The poor

Ex 23:6; Pr 22:16,22,23

. The stranger and fatherless

Ex 22:21,22; De 24:17; Jer 22:3

. Servants

Job 31:13,14; De 24:14; Jer 22:13

- Of the least kind, condemned

Lu 16:10

- GOD

. Regards

not he will deceive an enemy him and a son of injustice not he will afflict him
לֹ֣אlo' not H3808 Particle
5,170× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for not or no is used to indicate absence or negation, as when God says no to the Israelites' requests, or when they disobey His commands.
Tyndale gloss
not
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

לֹא (lo') is a Hebrew word meaning 'not' or 'no.' It serves as a simple negation and can imply absence or prohibition. The word can also be used in various contexts, often combined with other particles for emphasis or clarification. Its Aramaic equivalent is לָא (la), which also means 'not.'

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

לֹא or לוֹא adv. not

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3808 לֹא or לוֹא not

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3808 lo' lo

or lowi {lo}; or loh (Deut. 3:11) {lo}; a primitive particle;

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often

used with other particles (as follows):--X before, + or else,

ere, + except, ig(-norant), much, less, nay, neither, never,

no((-ne), -r, (-thing)), (X as though...,(can-), for) not (out

of), of nought, otherwise, out of, + surely, + as truly as, +

of a truth, + verily, for want, + whether, without.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

לֹא (lo) — not.

1) not, no

1a) not (with verb-absolute prohibition)

1b) not (with modifier-negation)

1c) nothing (subst)

1d) without (with particle)

1e) before (of time)

Aramaic equivalent: la (לָא "not" H3809)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HTn — Particle
HTn
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
not he will deceive an enemy him and a son of injustice not he will afflict him
יְעַנֶּֽנּוּ׃ye.'an.Ne.nu he will afflict him H6031 Verb piel imperfect third person masculine singular · suffix
82× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
To afflict or oppress someone, making them feel low or depressed. In the Bible, it can also mean to humble oneself, as seen in Psalm 35:13. It involves being put down or becoming weak.
Tyndale gloss
be occupied
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

עָנָה (anah) is a Hebrew verb with a range of meanings related to affliction and humility. It can denote being occupied, as well as being bowed down, depressed, or afflicted. The word has various forms, including ways to humble oneself or to afflict others, and it appears in contexts of discipline and humility, particularly in relation to fasting.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[עָנָה] vb. be occupied, busied with

base

[עָנָה] vb. be bowed down, afflicted

Qal

be put down or become low, of song of triumph

be depressed, downcast

be afflicted

Niph.

humble oneself

be afflicted

Pi.

humble, mishandle, afflict

humble, a woman by cohabit.

afflict as a discipline

humble, weaken

Pu.

be afflicted, in discipline by God

be humbled by fasting

Hiph. afflict, in discipline

Hithp.

humble oneself

be afflicted

humble oneself in fasting

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H6031a עָנָה be occupied, busied with H6031b עָנָה be bowed down, afflicted .. be put down or become low, of song of triumph

. be depressed, downcast

. be afflicted

. . humble oneself

. be afflicted

. . humble, mishandle, afflict

. humble, a woman by cohabit.

. afflict as a discipline

. humble, weaken

. . be afflicted, in discipline by God

. be humbled by fasting

. afflict, in discipline

. . humble oneself

. be afflicted

. humble oneself in fasting

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

6031 `anah aw-naw'

a primitive root (possibly rather ident. with 6030 through

the idea of looking down or browbeating); to depress literally

or figuratively, transitive or intransitive (in various

applications, as follows):--abase self, afflict(-ion, self),

answer (by mistake for 6030), chasten self, deal hardly with,

defile, exercise, force, gentleness, humble (self), hurt,

ravish, sing (by mistake for 6030), speak (by mistake for

6030), submit self, weaken, X in any wise.

see HEBREW for 06030

see HEBREW for 06030

see HEBREW for 06030

see HEBREW for 06030

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

עָנָה (a.nah) — be occupied.

(Qal) to be occupied, be busied with

עָנָה (a.nah) — to afflict.

1) to afflict, oppress, humble, be afflicted, be bowed down

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to be put down, become low

1a2) to be depressed, be downcast

1a3) to be afflicted

1a4) to stoop

1b) (Niphal)

1b1) to humble oneself, bow down

1b2) to be afflicted, be humbled

1c) (Piel)

1c1) to humble, mishandle, afflict

1c2) to humble, be humiliated

1c3) to afflict

1d4) to humble, weaken oneself

1d) (Pual)

1d1) to be afflicted

1d2) to be humbled

1e) (Hiphil) to afflict

1f) (Hithpael)

1f1) to humble oneself

1f2) to be afflicted

Aramaic equivalent: a.nah (עֲנָי "to afflict" H6033)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HVpi3ms/Sp3ms — Verb piel imperfect third person masculine singular · suffix
HVpi3ms/Sp3ms
Sources on this page. Lexicons and dictionaries imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate Liddell-Scott-Jones, Robinson and Packard, Webster and Cawdrey. Thayer’s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (Harper, 1889 — Grimm’s Wilke’s Clavis Novi Testamenti, translated, revised and enlarged by Joseph Henry Thayer) is public domain and is set here from the Internet Archive page scan greekenglishlex00grim; it is uncorrected OCR, marked as such on the entry itself, and the Strong’s numbers — which Thayer’s own edition does not carry — were matched by lemma against the other modules on this page. Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament (Macmillan, 1880) and Moulton and Milligan’s Vocabulary of the Greek Testament (Hodder & Stoughton, 1930, which entered the United States public domain on 1 January 2026) are set from Internet Archive page scans synonymsofnewtes00treniala and vocabularyofgree00mouluoft, and are likewise uncorrected OCR matched to Strong’s numbers by lemma. Trench treats a group of words at once, so the same essay stands on the page of each word it compares. The Mounce Concise Greek-English Dictionary is © 1993 and is used here by permission for non-commercial use, www.teknia.com/greek-dictionary. The full Liddell-Scott-Jones and the Hebrew word data (TAHOT) come from STEPBible.org, CC BY 4.0. Brown-Driver-Briggs is the OpenScriptures digitisation, public domain. Syntax analysis is the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (biblicalhumanities.org); the concordance and morphology are built from the tagged Nestle 1904 text. Septuagint occurrences use the Open Scriptures Septuagint lemma index, derived from CCAT (University of Pennsylvania) and the Rahlfs 1935 dataset by Eliran Wong, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — used here on a non-commercial ministry site. Greek of Josephus and Barnabas from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA 4.0. Commentaries and the Ante-Nicene Fathers are public-domain texts hosted on this site. Everyday Greek from the Duke Databank of Documentary Papyri, CC BY 3.0, with dates and provenance from the Heidelberger Gesamtverzeichnis. Philo and the Apostolic Fathers from Open Greek and Latin (First1KGreek), CC BY-SA 4.0. The apparatus and the fifth Greek column are the SBL Greek New Testament, © 2010 SBL and Logos Bible Software, CC BY 4.0. The Latin is the Clementine Vulgate (public domain); the Syriac New Testament is the ETCBC edition (MIT licence). The Hebrew behind the Greek is computed here from the Septuagint index and TAHOT, not taken from any aligned edition. The translation spread and the per-word edition marks come from the Translators Amalgamated Greek NT (STEPBible, CC BY 4.0); clause roles from the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (CC BY-SA 4.0); place identifications and their confidence from OpenBible.info Bible Geocoding (CC BY 4.0), with map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Gospel parallels are computed here from shared uncommon vocabulary, not taken from any printed harmony. Cross references are the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge and the subject headings are Nave’s Topical Bible, both public domain. Works under Creative Commons licences are used unchanged apart from markup removal.

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