Job 14:22 — Word Study
WLCאַךְ־ בְּ֭שָׂרוֹ עָלָ֣יו יִכְאָ֑ב וְ֝נַפְשׁ֗וֹ עָלָ֥יו תֶּאֱבָֽל׃ פ
BSAHe feels onlyʼak [exclusively] the painkâʼab▸ [suffering, grief, or distress] of his own bodybâsâr [flesh, physical form] and mournsʼâbal▸ [is sorrowful, lamenting] only forʻal [exclusively, solely] himselfnephesh [his own soul, being]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| אַךְ־ | only | Adverb |
| בְּ֭שָׂרוֹ | own flesh his | Noun common masculine singular construct, suffix |
| עָלָ֣יו | on himself | Preposition, suffix |
| יִכְאָ֑ב | it is in pain | Verb, Qal, imperfect third person masculine singular |
| וְ֝נַפְשׁ֗וֹ | and self his | Conjunction, noun common feminine singular construct, suffix |
| עָלָ֥יו | on himself | Preposition, suffix |
| תֶּאֱבָֽל׃ פ | it mourns | Verb, Qal, imperfect third person feminine singular |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | He feels only the pain of his own body and mourns only for himself.” |
| KJV | But his flesh upon him shall have pain, and his soul within him shall mourn. |
| ASV | But his flesh upon him hath pain, And his soul within him mourneth. |
| YLT | Only — his flesh for him is pained, And his soul for him doth mourn.' |
| WEB | But his flesh on him has pain, and his soul within him mourns.” |
| BBE | Only his flesh still has pain, and his soul is sad. |
Translations agree on the emphasis of Job's personal pain and mourning.
The sentence consists of two main clauses connected by a conjunction, emphasizing Job's exclusive focus on his own suffering.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
verbכָּאַב
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Job 14:22
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — Job's Lament on Human Sufferinggenerated
Job 14:22 presents a stark view of human suffering, where Job emphasizes that a person is often consumed by their own pain and sorrow. This verse encapsulates the essence of individual grief, highlighting how one's physical afflictions can overshadow everything else, including relationships and external circumstances. Job's reflections resonate with the broader themes of mortality and the human condition found throughout the book of Job.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Job 19:20–22 | My skin and flesh cling to my bones; I have escaped by the skin of my teeth. |
| 2 | Job 33:19–21 | A man is also chastened on his bed with pain and constant distress in his bones, |
| 3 | Proverbs 14:32 | The wicked man is thrown down by his own sin, but the righteous man has a refuge even in death. |
| 4 | Luke 16:23–24 | In Hades, where he was in torment, he looked up and saw Abraham from afar, with Lazarus by his side. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 4 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — יִכְאָ֑ב, yikh.'Avgenerated
The Hebrew verb כָּאַב (ka'ab) means 'to be in pain' and encompasses both physical and emotional suffering. It captures the essence of grief, whether it is caused by physical ailments or emotional distress.
In this verse, it is used in the imperfect tense, indicating ongoing pain. Job's lamentation reveals a deep sense of isolation, as he feels only the pain of his own body, suggesting a singular focus on his suffering.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, which states that he feels only the pain of his own body and mourns only for himself.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The finite verbs יִכְאָ֑ב and תֶּאֱבָֽל govern the structure of the verse, indicating the actions of feeling pain and mourning, respectively. The sentence structure highlights Job's focus on his own experiences.
The arrangement of the clauses emphasizes the relationship between physical pain and emotional mourning, with the subject's suffering taking precedence in the expression.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
In the Septuagint, the Hebrew verb כָּאַב is rendered as ἤλγησαν, which conveys a similar meaning of experiencing pain. This choice reflects a direct translation that maintains the emotional weight of Job's lament.
The use of ἐπένθησεν for mourning further emphasizes the depth of sorrow, aligning closely with the Hebrew sense of personal grief.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Job 14:22 speaks to the pain of human existence, where Job states that he feels only the pain of his own body and mourns only for himself. This highlights the isolation and singular focus on personal suffering that many experience in life.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
Job is expressing that his suffering is so intense that it overshadows everything else, focusing solely on his physical pain.
Job's lamentation reflects a deep sense of isolation and personal grief, emphasizing that in his suffering, he feels disconnected from others.
This verse encapsulates the themes of suffering, isolation, and the human condition, which are central to the book of Job.
Job's expression highlights the reality of individual suffering and the importance of acknowledging personal pain in the face of broader existential questions.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- In what ways have I experienced personal suffering that felt isolating?
- How can I support others who are going through their own pain and grief?
- What does it mean to mourn for oneself, and how can that affect our relationships?
- How can I find hope in my own suffering, as Job sought to understand his?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
The early church fathers, such as Gregory the Dialogist, have commented on this verse, discussing the nature of human suffering and the personal anguish expressed by Job.
Ver. 22. But his flesh while he liveth shall have pain, and His soul shall mourn over himself. Concerning the married Paul saith, Nevertheless, such shall have trouble in the flesh.Early Church Fathers on Job 14 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Job 14:22 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleBut his flesh upon him shall have pain,.... Either he shall be chastened with strong pains on his sick and dying bed; which is the reason why he neither rejoices at the happiness of his family, nor
Read John Gill on Job 14 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryBut his flesh upon him shall have pain, and his soul within him shall mourn. "Flesh" and "soul" describe the whole man.
Read Robert Jamieson on Job 14 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleThis is man’ s condition; he is miserable both when he dies, because he dies without hope of returning to life, as he had discoursed before; and (as he now adds) whilst he lives, whilst his flesh is upon him, and his soul within him; whilst the soul is clothed with or united to the body, he feels sharp pain in his body, and bitter grief in his soul. Seeing therefore the state of man upon earth is so vain and unhappy every way, Lord, give me some comfort to sweeten my life, or take away my life from me.
Read Matthew Poole on Job 14 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsJob 14:22 But his flesh upon him shall have pain, and his soul within him shall mourn.Ver. 22. But his flesh upon him shall have pain] That is, say some, but as long as he is living his body is afflicted with a thousand evils; and though his soul, by the condition of her creation, be exempt from them, yet she bears a part in them, and becomes miserable with it. A dying man hath sorrow without and sorrow within; the whole man is in misery, as Job here felt himself. Others hold that this poetic representation hath no other meaning, but that the dead have no manner of communication with the living (Aben Ezra, Mercer, Diodati). Broughton rendereth it, His flesh is grieved for itself, and his…
Read John Trapp on Job 14 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 22. But his flesh upon him shall have pain] The sum of the life of man is this, pain of body and distress of soul; and he is seldom without the one or the other, and often oppressed by both. Thus ends Job's discourse on the miserable state and condition of man. THE last verse of the preceding chapter has been differently translated and explained. Mr. Good's version is the following, which he vindicates in a learned note: - For his flesh shall drop away from him; And his soul shall become a waste from him. The Chaldee thus: "Nevertheless his flesh, on account of the worms, shall grieve over him; and his soul, in the house of judgment, shall wail over him." In another copy of this…
Read AdamClarke on Job 14 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges22. But his flesh] Or, only. The prep. rendered here “upon him” is the same as that rendered “within him,” it means with him or in connexion with him, and the verse differs little from this, Only his flesh hath pain and his soul mourneth. The dead knoweth nothing of the upper world, only this can be said of him that his flesh hath pain and his soul mourneth; but the Hebrew expresses the idea more distinctly that his flesh and soul do these things in connexion with him. There are two ideas expressed: (1) that the body in the grave, being that of a still existing person, feels the gnawing and the wasting of corruption, cf. Isaiah 66:24, and that the soul in Sheol leads a mournful and dreary…
Read Cambridge on Job 14 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleBut his flesh upon him shall have pain - Dr. Good renders this, “his flesh shall drop away from him.” This is evidently a representation of the state of the man after he was dead.
Read Albert Barnes on Job 14 →Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible22. Upon him and within him are the same, (òìéå,) and signify either “on his own account,” or better, in him.
Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Job 14 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
He feels only the pain of his own body and mourns only for himself.”
But his flesh on him has pain, and his soul within him mourns.”
He feels only the pain of his own body and mourns only for himself.”
Only his flesh has pain for himself, and he mourns for himself.”
Tyndale line
But his flesh upon him shall have pain, and his soul within him shall mourn.
But his flesh upon him hath pain, And his soul within him mourneth.
But his flesh upon him hath pain, and his soul within him mourneth.
But his flesh upon him shall have pain, and his soul within him shall mourn.
But while his flesh is vpon him, he shall be sorowfull, and while his soule is in him, it shall mourne.
Strictly literal
But his flesh hath pain for himself alone, and his soul mourneth for himself.
Only — his flesh for him is pained, And his soul for him doth mourn.'
Only—his flesh is pained for him, || And his soul mourns for him.”
But his body. on him, feeleth pain, and his soul will mourn for him.
He feels only the pain of his own body, and he mourns for himself.
From the Latin
But yet his flesh, while he shall live, shall have pain, and his soul shall mourn over him.
Simplified
As people die they only know their own pain and are sad for themselves.”
Only his flesh still has pain, and his soul is sad.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint show agreement in the core message of the verse, with four out of seven words matched. The Septuagint's word order and articles differ from the Hebrew but convey the same lamentation of personal suffering.
אַךְ־ בְּ֭שָׂרוֹ עָלָ֣יו יִכְאָ֑ב וְ֝נַפְשׁ֗וֹ עָלָ֥יו תֶּאֱבָֽל׃ פ
4 of the 7 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Job 14:22
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
אַךְ (ak) is an adverb meaning 'surely' or 'indeed,' often used to emphasize what follows. It can also carry a restrictive sense, translating to 'only' or 'but.' The entries indicate its use in various contexts, but do not provide specific verse references.
אַךְ 159 adv. 1. surely. 2. with a restrictive force, emphasizing what follows
base
H389 אַךְ 1. surely. 2. with a restrictive force, emphasizing what follows
389 'ak ak
akin to 403; a particle of affirmation, surely; hence (by
limitation) only:--also, in any wise, at least, but,
certainly, even, howbeit, nevertheless, notwithstanding, only,
save, surely, of a surety, truly, verily, + wherefore, yet
(but).
see HEBREW for 0403
אַךְ (akh) — surely.
1) indeed, surely (emphatic)
2) howbeit, only, but, yet (restrictive)
DirObjM — AdverbHD
בָּשָׂר (basar) means 'flesh' and encompasses various meanings, including the physical body, kinship, and a euphemism for male genitalia. It can refer to humans, animals, and all living things, highlighting the frailty of man in relation to God. The entries consistently emphasize its bodily and relational aspects.
בָּשָׂר 266 n.m. flesh
of the body
flesh for the body itself
male organ of generation (euphemism)
flesh for kindred, blood-relations
man over against God as frail or erring
base
H1320 בָּשָׂר flesh . of the body
. flesh for the body itself
. male organ of generation (euphemism)
. flesh for kindred, blood-relations
. man over against God as frail or erring
1320 basar baw-sawr'
from 1319; flesh (from its freshness); by extension, body,
person; also (by euphem.) the pudenda of a man:--body, (fat,
lean) flesh(-ed), kin, (man-)kind, + nakedness, self, skin.
see HEBREW for 01319
בָּשָׂר (ba.sar) — flesh.
1) flesh
1a) of the body
1a1) of humans
1a2) of animals
1b) the body itself
1c) male organ of generation (euphemism)
1d) kindred, blood-relations
1e) flesh as frail or erring (man against God)
1f) all living things
1g) animals
1h) mankind
Aramaic equivalent: be.shar (בְּשַׁר "flesh" H1321)
N-ms | Suff — Noun common masculine singular construct · suffixHNcmsc/Sp3ms
The Hebrew word עַל (*al*) is a preposition meaning 'upon' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including 'on account of,' 'beside,' 'above,' and 'against.' It can indicate physical placement, emotional burdens, or duties imposed on a person. The entries also note its use in idiomatic expressions and with verbs of motion. There is a mention of its function as a conjunction in certain contexts.
כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as
base
עַל, עָ֑ל
subst. height
As prep. upon, and hence on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against
Upon, of the substratum upon which an object in any way rests, or on which an action is performed
—
of clothing, etc., which any one wears
With verbs of covering or protecting, even though the cover or veil be not over or above the thing covered, but around or before it
Of what rests heavily upon a person, or is a burden to him
Of a duty, payment, care, etc., imposed upon a person, or devolving on him
על is used idiom. to give pathos to the expression of an emotion, by emphasizing the person who is its subject, and who, as it were, feels it acting upon him
חָיָה עַל to live upon (as upon a foundation or support)
H5921a עַל, עָ֑ל . As prep. upon, and hence on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against . Upon, of the substratum upon which an object in any way rests, or on which an action is performed . — . of clothing, etc., which any one wears
. With verbs of covering or protecting, even though the cover or veil be not over or above the thing covered, but around or before it
. Of what rests heavily upon a person, or is a burden to him
. Of a duty, payment, care, etc., imposed upon a person, or devolving on him
. על is used idiom. to give pathos to the expression of an emotion, by emphasizing the person who is its subject, and who, as it were, feels it acting upon him
. חָיָה עַל to live upon (as upon a foundation or support)
5921 `al al
properly, the same as 5920 used as a preposition (in the
singular or plural often with prefix, or as conjunction with a
particle following); above, over, upon, or against (yet always
in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great
variety of applications (as follow):--above, according
to(-ly), after, (as) against, among, and, X as, at, because
of, beside (the rest of), between, beyond the time, X both
and, by (reason of), X had the charge of, concerning for, in
(that), (forth, out) of, (from) (off), (up-)on, over, than,
through(-out), to, touching, X with.
see HEBREW for 05920
עַל (al) — upon.
prep
1) upon, on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against
1a) upon, on the ground of, on the basis of, on account of, because of, therefore, on behalf of, for the sake of, for, with, in spite of, notwithstanding, concerning, in the matter of, as regards
1b) above, beyond, over (of excess)
1c) above, over (of elevation or pre-eminence)
1d) upon, to, over to, unto, in addition to, together with, with (of addition)
1e) over (of suspension or extension)
1f) by, adjoining, next, at, over, around (of contiguity or proximity)
1g) down upon, upon, on, from, up upon, up to, towards, over towards, to, against (with verbs of motion)
1h) to (as a dative)
[כִּי] עַל [כֵּן] ([ki] al [ken]) — as.
conj
Prep | Suff — Preposition · suffixHR/Sp3ms
כָּאַב (ka'ab) is a Hebrew verb meaning to be in pain, encompassing both physical and mental suffering. It can also imply causing pain or grief to others. The word is built from a primitive root and is used in various contexts, including expressions of sorrow and distress.
כָּאַב vb. be in pain
Qal
be in pain, physical
of mental pain
Hiph. pain, mar
base
H3510 כָּאַב be in pain
3510 ka'ab kaw-ab'
a primitive root; properly, to feel pain; by implication, to
grieve; figuratively, to spoil:--grieving, mar, have pain,
make sad (sore), (be) sorrowful.
כָּאַב (ka.av) — to pain.
1) to be in pain, be sore, have pain, be sorrowful
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to be in pain (physical)
1a2) to be in pain (mental)
1b) (Hiphil)
1b1) to cause pain, hurt, mar
1b2) pain, mar (participle)
V-Qal-Imperf-3ms — Verb · Qal · imperfect third person masculine singularHVqi3ms
pan (chul, chil, chebhel, chalah, chalchalah, ka'-ebh, ke'ebh, metsar, makh'obh, `amal, tsir; basanizo, ponos, odin): These words signifying various forms of bodily or mental suffering are generally translated "pain"; 28 out of the 34 passages in which the word is used are in the poetical or prophetical books and refer to conditions of mental disquiet or dismay due to the punishment of personal or national sin. There is only one instance where the word is used as a historic record of personal physical pain: the case of the wife of Phinehas (1Sa 4:19), but the same word tsir is used figuratively in Isa 13:8; 21:3; Da 10:16, and translated "pangs" or "sorrows." In other passages where we have the same comparison of consternation…
The Hebrew word נֶ֫פֶשׁ (*nephesh*) broadly means 'soul' or 'living being,' encompassing concepts like life, self, person, desire, and emotion. It is derived from the root meaning 'to breathe' and signifies both physical and mental aspects of existence. The lexicons note its use in various contexts, including as the seat of appetites and emotions, though its application to will and character is uncertain.
נֶ֫פֶשׁ 756 n.f. soul, living being, life, self, person, desire, appetite, emotion, and passion
= that which breathes, the breathing substance or being
The נפשׁ becomes a living being
The נפשׁ is specif.
The נפשׁ as the essential of man stands for the man himself
נפשׁ = seat of the appetites, in all periods (46 t.)
נ׳ = seat of emotions and passions
נפשׁ is used occasionally for mental acts
נפשׁ for acts of the will is dub.
נפשׁ = character is still more dub.
נ׳ in D
base
H5315 נֶ֫פֶשׁ soul, living being, life, self, person, desire, appetite, emotion, and passion . = that which breathes, the breathing substance or being
. The נפשׁ becomes a living being
. The נפשׁ is specif.
. The נפשׁ as the essential of man stands for the man himself
. נפשׁ = seat of the appetites, in all periods (46 t.)
. נ׳ = seat of emotions and passions
. נפשׁ is used occasionally for mental acts
. נפשׁ for acts of the will is dub.
. נפשׁ = character is still more dub.
. נ׳ in D
5315 nephesh neh'-fesh
from 5314; properly, a breathing creature, i.e. animal of
(abstractly) vitality; used very widely in a literal,
accommodated or figurative sense (bodily or mental):--any,
appetite, beast, body, breath, creature, X dead(-ly), desire,
X (dis-)contented, X fish, ghost, + greedy, he, heart(-y),
(hath, X jeopardy of) life (X in jeopardy), lust, man, me,
mind, mortally, one, own, person, pleasure, (her-, him-, my-,
thy-)self, them (your)-selves, + slay, soul, + tablet, they,
thing, (X she) will, X would have it.
see HEBREW for 05314
נֶ֫פֶשׁ (ne.phesh) — soul.
1) soul, self, life, creature, person, appetite, mind, living being, desire, emotion, passion
1a) that which breathes, the breathing substance or being, soul, the inner being of man
1b) living being
1c) living being (with life in the blood)
1d) the man himself, self, person or individual
1e) seat of the appetites
1f) seat of emotions and passions
1g) activity of mind
1g1) uncertain
1h) activity of the will
1h1) uncertain
1i) activity of the character
1i1) uncertain
נֶ֫פֶשׁ (ne.phesh) — soul: life.
1) soul, self, life, creature, person, appetite, mind, living being, desire, emotion, passion
1a) that which breathes, the breathing substance or being, soul, the inner being of man
1b) living being
1c) living being (with life in the blood)
1d) the man himself, self, person or individual
1e) seat of the appetites
1f) seat of emotions and passions
1g) activity of mind
Conj | N-cs | Suff — Conjunction · noun common feminine singular construct · suffixHC/Ncfsc/Sp3ms
The Hebrew word עַל (*al*) is a preposition meaning 'upon' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including 'on account of,' 'beside,' 'above,' and 'against.' It can indicate physical placement, emotional burdens, or duties imposed on a person. The entries also note its use in idiomatic expressions and with verbs of motion. There is a mention of its function as a conjunction in certain contexts.
כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as
base
עַל, עָ֑ל
subst. height
As prep. upon, and hence on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against
Upon, of the substratum upon which an object in any way rests, or on which an action is performed
—
of clothing, etc., which any one wears
With verbs of covering or protecting, even though the cover or veil be not over or above the thing covered, but around or before it
Of what rests heavily upon a person, or is a burden to him
Of a duty, payment, care, etc., imposed upon a person, or devolving on him
על is used idiom. to give pathos to the expression of an emotion, by emphasizing the person who is its subject, and who, as it were, feels it acting upon him
חָיָה עַל to live upon (as upon a foundation or support)
H5921a עַל, עָ֑ל . As prep. upon, and hence on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against . Upon, of the substratum upon which an object in any way rests, or on which an action is performed . — . of clothing, etc., which any one wears
. With verbs of covering or protecting, even though the cover or veil be not over or above the thing covered, but around or before it
. Of what rests heavily upon a person, or is a burden to him
. Of a duty, payment, care, etc., imposed upon a person, or devolving on him
. על is used idiom. to give pathos to the expression of an emotion, by emphasizing the person who is its subject, and who, as it were, feels it acting upon him
. חָיָה עַל to live upon (as upon a foundation or support)
5921 `al al
properly, the same as 5920 used as a preposition (in the
singular or plural often with prefix, or as conjunction with a
particle following); above, over, upon, or against (yet always
in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great
variety of applications (as follow):--above, according
to(-ly), after, (as) against, among, and, X as, at, because
of, beside (the rest of), between, beyond the time, X both
and, by (reason of), X had the charge of, concerning for, in
(that), (forth, out) of, (from) (off), (up-)on, over, than,
through(-out), to, touching, X with.
see HEBREW for 05920
עַל (al) — upon.
prep
1) upon, on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against
1a) upon, on the ground of, on the basis of, on account of, because of, therefore, on behalf of, for the sake of, for, with, in spite of, notwithstanding, concerning, in the matter of, as regards
1b) above, beyond, over (of excess)
1c) above, over (of elevation or pre-eminence)
1d) upon, to, over to, unto, in addition to, together with, with (of addition)
1e) over (of suspension or extension)
1f) by, adjoining, next, at, over, around (of contiguity or proximity)
1g) down upon, upon, on, from, up upon, up to, towards, over towards, to, against (with verbs of motion)
1h) to (as a dative)
[כִּי] עַל [כֵּן] ([ki] al [ken]) — as.
conj
HR/Sp3ms — Preposition · suffixHR/Sp3ms
אָבַל (abal) is a primitive root meaning to mourn or lament. It covers various forms of mourning, including for humans and inanimate objects like gates and land. The verb can appear in different stems, such as Qal (to mourn), Hiphil (to cause to mourn), and Hithpael (to play the mourner).
אָבַל 39 vb. mourn
Qal mourn, lament
Hithp. mourn (mostly prose)
Hiph. cause to mourn
base
H56 אָבַל mourn
56 'abal aw-bal'
a primitive root; to bewail:--lament, mourn.
אָבַל (a.val) — to mourn.
1) to mourn, lament
1a) (Qal) to mourn, lament
1a1) of humans
1a2) of inanimate objects (fig.)
1a2a) of gates
1a2b) of land
1b) (Hiphil)
1b1) to mourn, cause to mourn (fig.)
1c) (Hithpael)
1c1) to mourn
1c2) play the mourner
V-Qal-Imperf-3fs — Verb · Qal · imperfect third person feminine singularHVqi3fs