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Isaiah 63:15 — Word Study

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WLCהַבֵּ֤ט מִשָּׁמַ֙יִם֙ וּרְאֵ֔ה מִזְּבֻ֥ל קָדְשְׁךָ֖ וְתִפְאַרְתֶּ֑ךָ אַיֵּ֤ה קִנְאָֽתְךָ֙ וּגְב֣וּרֹתֶ֔ךָ הֲמ֥וֹן מֵעֶ֛יךָ וְֽרַחֲמֶ֖יךָ אֵלַ֥י הִתְאַפָּֽקוּ׃

BSALook downnâbaṭ [from your heavenly throne] from heavenshâmayim and seerâʼâh from Your holyqôdesh [set-apart, sacred] and glorioustiphʼârâh [beautiful, majestic] habitationzᵉbûwl [lofty abode, exalted dwelling] Whereʼayêh are Your zealqinʼâh [passionate love, jealousy] and mightgᵉbûwrâh [strength, power] Your yearninghâmôwn [deep feeling, compassion] and compassionracham [tender love, mercy] for meʼêl are restrainedʼâphaq [held back, abstained]

Word
Listen & take awayIsaiah 63
English ↓ Download MP3 The Berean Standard Bible chapter audio already hosted for the site's Bible section — verse 15 is in this chapter.
Hebrew ↓ Download MP3 The Masoretic text of this chapter, read aloud. Read by Abraham Shmuelof, courtesy of Audio Scriptures International. Chapter divisions by the Academy of Ancient Languages..
Say the word Each Hebrew word carries its transliteration (hit.'a.Pa.ku) — no per-word recordings of the Hebrew exist to link to.
Take it away
Isaiah 63:15quick helps
In a sentenceThe speaker calls on God to look down from His heavenly dwelling and reflect on His zeal and compassion.
Who is speakingThe prophet Isaiah, expressing a deep yearning for God's intervention.
Where we areThis verse is a plea for divine attention, set within a larger context of lament and supplication.
The hard wordהִתְאַפָּֽקוּ
Take awayThe speaker feels that God's compassion is held back despite a deep need.
8 commentators on this verse Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them › clause verbנָבַט The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
How rare are these words?in the Old Testament

Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.

Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.

Deep Study — Isaiah 63:15

Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.

Context — A Plea for Divine Attentiongenerated

14Like cattle going down to the valley, the Spirit of the LORD gave them rest. You led Your people this way to make for Yourself a glorious name.
15Look down from heaven and see, from Your holy and glorious habitation. Where are Your zeal and might? Your yearning and compassion for me are restrained.
16Yet You are our Father, though Abraham does not know us and Israel does not acknowledge us. You, O LORD, are our Father; our Redeemer from Everlasting is Your name.
17Why, O LORD, do You make us stray from Your ways and harden our hearts from fearing You? Return, for the sake of Your servants, the tribes of Your heritage.

Isaiah 63:15 is part of a heartfelt appeal to God, asking Him to notice the plight of His people from His exalted position. The prophet Isaiah expresses a longing for God's zeal and compassion, which seem to be restrained, highlighting the tension between divine silence and human suffering. This plea is situated within a broader narrative of Israel's relationship with God, emphasizing themes of longing and hope for restoration.


Cross References

ReferenceText (BSB)
1Deuteronomy 26:15Look down from Your holy habitation, from heaven, and bless Your people Israel and the land You have given us as You swore to our fathers—a land flowing with milk and honey.”
2Psalm 33:14From His dwelling place He gazes on all who inhabit the earth.
3Psalm 80:14Return, O God of Hosts, we pray! Look down from heaven and see! Attend to this vine—
4Psalm 102:19–20For He looked down from the heights of His sanctuary; the LORD gazed out from heaven to earth
5Lamentations 3:50until the LORD looks down from heaven and sees.

The Key Word הִתְאַפָּֽקוּ, hit.'a.Pa.kugenerated

The verb אָפַק (afaq) in its Hithpael form means to restrain or hold back. It conveys a sense of self-restraint or abstention, particularly in the context of emotions or actions. The parsing indicates that this is a perfect tense, suggesting a completed action with ongoing implications.

In this verse, the use of הִתְאַפָּֽקוּ reflects the speaker's perception that God's compassion and zeal are not fully expressed, creating a poignant contrast with the urgent need for divine intervention.


How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated

This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, which has restrained, a choice echoed by the KJV and ASV.


Sentence Structuregenerated

The main verb is הַבֵּ֤ט (ha.Bet), look, which governs the entire verse. It is followed by two clauses: the first is a prepositional phrase indicating the source of the look, and the second is a series of noun phrases that describe God's holiness and splendor.

The structure emphasizes the imperative nature of the request, placing the urgency of the plea at the forefront, while the subsequent clauses elaborate on God's attributes that the speaker longs to see active.


Septuagint Backgroundgenerated

The Septuagint translates הַבֵּ֤ט as ἐπίστρεψον (epistrepson), meaning 'turn back' or 'return'. This choice suggests a more active engagement from God, as if the prophet is asking Him to turn His attention back to His people.

The rendering of הִתְאַפָּֽקוּ as ἀνέσξου (anexou) implies a similar sense of restraint, but with a focus on the act of holding back, reinforcing the emotional weight of the plea.


In plain words — the whole versegenerated

Isaiah 63:15 expresses a deep desire for God to look down from heaven and see the struggles of His people. The prophet asks where God's zeal and compassion are, feeling that they are currently restrained. This verse highlights the tension between God's perceived absence and the urgent need for His help.


Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated

What does the speaker mean by asking God to look down?

The speaker is asking God to pay attention to the plight of His people, indicating a desire for divine intervention and support.

Why does the speaker feel God's compassion is restrained?

The speaker perceives a lack of visible action from God in response to their suffering, leading to a feeling that God's compassion is not fully expressed.

What is the significance of the terms 'zeal' and 'might'?

These terms refer to God's passionate love and powerful actions, which the speaker longs to see manifested in their situation.

How does this verse relate to the overall message of Isaiah?

This verse reflects the themes of lament and hope found throughout Isaiah, emphasizing the need for God's presence and action in the midst of suffering.


Reflection Questionsgenerated

  1. In what areas of my life do I feel God's compassion is restrained?
  2. How can I seek God's presence more intentionally during difficult times?
  3. What attributes of God do I long to see active in my life and community?
  4. How can I express my feelings of yearning for God's help in my prayers?

The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it

Early church fathers have commented on this verse, interpreting it as a plea for God's mercy and intervention in the lives of His people.

JeromeVerse 15 and following c. 347–420
Look down from heaven and see, from your holy and glorious habitation. Where is your zeal and your might? The stirring of your inner parts and your compassion are held back from me.
Early Church Fathers on Isaiah 63 →
Cyril of AlexandriaCOMMENTARY ON Isaiah 5:5.63:15-17 c. 376–444
Here onwards the prophet prays for every nation, and in the person of the Israelites he presents his supplication. He prays that God will withhold his wrath from them and cease rebuking them and in a forgiving manner subdue Israel’s…
Early Church Fathers on Isaiah 63 →

Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse

Each of these wrote on Isaiah 63:15 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.

John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Look down from heaven,.... Here begins the prayer of the church and people of God, which continues to the end of the chapter, goes through the next, and the answer to which begins at Isaiah 65:1.

Read John Gill on Isaiah 63 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary

Look down from heaven, and behold from the habitation of thy holiness and of thy glory: where is thy zeal and thy strength, the sounding of thy bowels and of thy mercies toward me? are they restrained?

Read Robert Jamieson on Isaiah 63 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy Bible

Look down from heaven: now they, or the prophet, begin to pray, and expostulate with God, and to argue both from the goodness of his nature, and from the greatness of his works that he had done. God sees every where and every thing, but he is said to look down from heaven, because there is his throne, whereon he sits in great majesty and splendour. Behold is added to note that he would not only barely see and look on, but that he would behold with regard, and respect his poor people in captivity. The habitation of thy holiness; a description of heaven by a periphrasis, frequently used and explained, . W here is thy zeal? what is become of that love which of old would not let time suffer thy…

Read Matthew Poole on Isaiah 63 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

Isaiah 63:15 Look down from heaven, and behold from the habitation of thy holiness and of thy glory: where [is] thy zeal and thy strength, the sounding of thy bowels and of thy mercies toward me? are they restrained?Ver. 15. Look down from heaven.] Affectus dolentium atque ardenter petentium scite exprimuntur, a pathetic and pithy prayer. And behold from the habitation of thy holiness, &c.] They pray otherwise now than when the temple stood; now they look higher, and oh that they would do so! The modern Jews pray thus daily; but because not from a right principle, they are not heard. Where is thy zeal?] Thine ancient fervour and forwardness in vindicating thy people, and being avenged of…

Read John Trapp on Isaiah 63 →
Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(15) Look down from heaven . . .—The form of the prayer reminds us of 2 Chronicles 6:21. Perhaps there is a latent remonstrance, as though Jehovah, like an Eastern king, had withdrawn to the recesses of His palace, and had ceased to manifest His care and pity for His people, as He had done of old. The sounding of thy bowels.—See Note on Isaiah 16:11. The words jar upon modern ears, but were to the Hebrew what “the sighs of thy heart” would be to us.

Read Charles John Ellicott on Isaiah 63 →
AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible

Verse 15. And thy strength - "And thy mighty power" ] For גבורתיך geburotheycha, plural, thirty-two MSS. (seven ancient) and twenty-one of De Rossi's, and seven editions, have גבורתך geburathecha, singular. Are they restrained?] For אלי elai, from (or in regard to) me, the Septuagint and Syriac read אלינו eleynu, from us. - L.

Read AdamClarke on Isaiah 63 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

Ch. Isaiah 63:7 to Isaiah 64:12. A Prayer of the People for the Renewal of Jehovah’s former Lovingkindness(1) Isaiah 63:7-9. The prayer begins with thankful commemoration of Jehovah’s goodness to the nation in the days of old (Isaiah 63:7). The reference is to the time of Moses and Joshua, when Jehovah’s loving confidence in His children had not yet been betrayed (Isaiah 63:8), and when He continuously manifested Himself as their Saviour, bearing them safely through all dangers (Isaiah 63:9). (2) Isaiah 63:10-14. This ideal relation between Israel and its God has indeed long since been broken, through the rebellion and ingratitude of the people (Isaiah 63:10). But in seasons of distress the…

Read Cambridge on Isaiah 63 →
Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the Bible

Look down from heaven - This commences an earnest appeal that God would have mercy on them in their present calamities and trials.

Read Albert Barnes on Isaiah 63 →

The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company

Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.

Modern formal

BSBBerean Standard Bible2020

Look down from heaven and see, from Your holy and glorious habitation. Where are Your zeal and might? Your yearning and compassion for me are restrained.

WEBWorld English Bible2000

Look down from heaven, and see from the habitation of your holiness and of your glory. Where are your zeal and your mighty acts? The yearning of your heart and your compassion is restrained toward me.

MSBMajority Standard Bible2022

Look down from heaven and see, from Your holy and glorious habitation. Where are Your zeal and might? Your yearning and compassion for me are restrained.

NETBNew English Translation2006

Look down from heaven and take notice, from your holy, majestic palace! Where are your zeal and power? Do not hold back your tender compassion!

Tyndale line

KJVKing James Version1611

¶ Look down from heaven, and behold from the habitation of thy holiness and of thy glory: where is thy zeal and thy strength, the sounding of thy bowels and of thy mercies toward me? are they restrained?

ASVAmerican Standard Version1901

Look down from heaven, and behold from the habitation of thy holiness and of thy glory: where are thy zeal and thy mighty acts? the yearning of thy heart and thy compassions are restrained toward me.

RVARevised Version, American1894

Look down from heaven, and behold from the habitation of thy holiness and of thy glory: where is thy zeal and thy mighty acts? the yearning of thy bowels and thy compassions are restrained toward me.

NWBWebster's Bible1833

Look down from heaven, and behold from the habitation of thy holiness and of thy glory: where is thy zeal and thy strength, the sounding of thy bowels and of thy mercies towards me? are they restrained?

GNVGeneva Bible1599

Looke downe from heauen, and beholde from the dwelling place of thine holines, and of thy glory. Where is thy zeale and thy strength, the multitude of thy mercies, and of thy compassions? they are restrained from me.

Strictly literal

DBYDarby Translation1890

Look down from the heavens, and behold from the habitation of thy holiness and of thy glory! Where is thy zeal and thy strength, the sounding of thy bowels and of thy tender mercies? Are they restrained toward me?

YLTYoung's Literal Translation1862

Look attentively from the heavens, And see from Thy holy and beauteous habitation, Where [is] Thy zeal and Thy might? The multitude of Thy bowels and Thy mercies Towards me have refrained themselves.

LSVLiteral Standard Version2020

Look attentively from the heavens, || And see from Your holy and beautiful habitation, || Where [is] Your zeal and Your might? The multitude of Your bowels and Your mercies—Are they restrained?

ILTInterlinear Literal Translation2000

Look down from heaven, and behold, from the habitation of thy holiness and of thy glory: where are thy zeal and thy mights, the yearning of thy bowels and of thy mercy which are now restrained from me?

ULBUnlocked Literal Bible2017

Look down from heaven and take notice from your holy and glorious habitation. Where are your zeal and your mighty acts? Your pity and your compassionate actions are kept from us.

From the Latin

DRADouay-Rheims (Challoner)1899

Look down from heaven, and behold from thy holy habitation and the place of thy glory: where is thy zeal, and thy strength, the multitude of thy bowels, and of thy mercies? they have held back themselves from me.

Simplified

FBVFree Bible Version2020

Lord, look down on us from heaven! Watch from your high home, in your holiness and glory! Where is your enthusiasm and power? You're not showing me your feelings of sympathy and kindness!

BBEBible in Basic English1949

Let your eyes be looking down from heaven, from your holy and beautiful house: where is your deep feeling, the working of your power? do not keep back the moving of your pity and your mercies:

Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.


The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank

This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.

clauseverbהַבֵּ֤טlookprepositional phrase · prepositionalמִfromשָּׁמַ֨יִם֙heavenוּandclauseverbרְאֵ֔הseeprepositional phrase · prepositionalמִfromnoun phraseזְּבֻ֥לthe.lofty.residencenoun phrasenoun phraseקָדְשְׁyour.holinessךָ֖yourוְandnoun phraseתִפְאַרְתֶּ֑splendorךָyourclausepredicateאַיֵּ֤הwhere?noun phrase · subjectnoun phraseקִנְאָֽתְzealךָ֙[are].yourוּandnoun phraseגְב֣וּרֹתֶ֔your.mightyךָdeedsclausenoun phrase · subjectnoun phraseהֲמ֥וֹןthe.tumultnoun phraseמֵעֶ֛יyour.inward.partsךָyourוְֽandnoun phraseרַחֲמֶ֖יcompassion(s)ךָyourprepositional phrase · prepositionalאֵלַ֥toיmeverbהִתְאַפָּֽקוּthey.have.restrained.themselves

Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.


The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran

The Masoretic Text of Isaiah 63:15 presents a complete verse, while the Septuagint provides a word-by-word correspondence that matches 12 of the 14 words but differs in word order and articles, indicating some variation in translation style. The Dead Sea Scrolls, specifically 1Qisaa, closely align with the Masoretic Text, preserving all 15 words, while 1Q8 has significant restoration and only partially preserved text, making it less reliable for direct comparison. Overall, the Masoretic Text and the Dead Sea Scrolls (1Qisaa) agree closely, while the Septuagint and 1Q8 show some differences in wording and completeness.

Masoretic TextLeningrad Codex, c. AD 1008 — the text this page is built on

הַבֵּ֤ט מִשָּׁמַ֙יִם֙ וּרְאֵ֔ה מִזְּבֻ֥ל קָדְשְׁךָ֖ וְתִפְאַרְתֶּ֑ךָ אַיֵּ֤ה קִנְאָֽתְךָ֙ וּגְב֣וּרֹתֶ֔ךָ הֲמ֥וֹן מֵעֶ֛יךָ וְֽרַחֲמֶ֖יךָ אֵלַ֥י הִתְאַפָּֽקוּ׃

Septuagintthe Greek the translators chose, word by word
הַבֵּ֤טἐπίστρεψονמִשָּׁמַ֙יִם֙οὐρανοῦוּרְאֵ֔הἰδὲקָדְשְׁךָ֖σουוְתִפְאַרְתֶּ֑ךָδόχηςאַיֵּ֤הποῦקִנְאָֽתְךָ֙σουוּגְב֣וּרֹתֶ֔ךָσουהֲמ֥וֹןπλῆθοςמֵעֶ֛יךָσουוְֽרַחֲמֶ֖יךָσουהִתְאַפָּֽקוּ׃ἀνέσξου

12 of the 14 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.

Dead Sea Scrolls — 1Qisaaa copy a thousand years older than the Leningrad Codex

הבט מן השמים וראה מזבול קודש׳כה ותפארת׳כה איה קנאת׳כה וגבורת׳כה המון מעי׳ך ורחמי׳כ אל׳י התאפקו

15 words on the leather.

Dead Sea Scrolls — 1Q8a copy a thousand years older than the Leningrad Codex

הבט [משמים] [וראה] [מזבל] [קדש׳ך] [ותפארת׳ך] [איה] [קנאת׳ך] [וגבורת׳ך] [המון] מעי׳ך ורחמי׳ך אל׳י [התאפקו]

2 words on the leather — 2 partly restored, 10 supplied entire by an editor.

Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.


The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with

This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.

Isaiah 63:15נָבַטlooklookנָבַטשָׁמַיfrom heavenfrom heavenשָׁמַירָאָהand seeand seeרָאָהזְבֻלfrom [the] from [the] loftזְבֻלקֹ֫דֶשׁholiness yoholiness yourקֹ֫דֶשׁתִּפְאָרָהand splendoand splendor yoתִּפְאָרָהאַיֵּהwhere?where?אַיֵּהקִנְאָה[are] zeal [are] zeal yourקִנְאָהגְּבוּרָהand mighty and mighty deedגְּבוּרָההָמוֹן[the] tumul[the] tumult ofהָמוֹןמֵעֶהinward partinward parts yoמֵעֶהרֶ֫חֶםand compassand compassion רֶ֫חֶםאֶלto meto meאֶלאָפַקthey have rthey have restrאָפַקקָנָאbe jealousbe jealousקָנָארָחַםto have coto have compassרָחַםזָבַלto honourto honourזָבַלקָדַשׁto consecrto consecrate: קָדַשׁפָּאַרto beautifto beautifyפָּאַראַיwhere?where?אַיהָמָהto roarto roarהָמָהגִּבּוֹרmighty manmighty manגִּבּוֹרעָמָלtroubletroubleעָמָלשָׁמַיheavenheavenשָׁמַיעוֹףbirdbirdעוֹףכּוֹכָבstarstarכּוֹכָבעֳנִיafflictionafflictionעֳנִינָבַטto lookto lookנָבַטמָכוֹןfoundationfoundationמָכוֹןבָּנָהto buildto buildבָּנָהמִקְרָאassemblyassemblyמִקְרָאשֶׁ֫קֶלshekelshekelשֶׁ֫קֶל
meets it a little oftener than chancemeets it far oftener than chancebuilt from the same roottwo words of the verse share ita word of this versea related word

Lexicons — every word in Isaiah 63:15

One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.

Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.

look from heaven and see from [the] lofty abode of holiness your and splendor your where? [are] zeal your and mighty deeds your [the] tumult of inward parts your and compassion your to me they have restrained themselves
הַבֵּ֤טha.Bet look H5027 Verb · Hiphil · imperative second person masculine singular
69× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This verb means to look or regard something carefully. It can also mean to show favor or care for someone. In the Bible, it is used to describe how God looks at his people with favor and care, as seen in Psalm 138:6.
Amplified meaning
from your heavenly throne
Tyndale gloss
to look
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

נָבַט (nabat) is a Hebrew verb meaning to look or regard. It encompasses various nuances, such as looking intently, considering, and showing favor or care. The entries indicate its use in different grammatical forms, specifically the Piel and Hiphil stems, which emphasize the act of looking or regarding. No significant disagreements among lexicons are noted.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[נָבַט] vb. Pi., Hiph. look

Pi. look

Hiph. look

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5027 נָבַט look

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5027 nabat naw-bat'

a primitive root; to scan, i.e. look intently at; by

implication, to regard with pleasure, favor or care:--(cause

to) behold, consider, look (down), regard, have respect, see.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

נָבַט (na.vat) — to look.

1) to look, regard

1a) (Piel) to look

1b) (Hiphil)

1b1) tolook

1b2) to regard, show regard to, pay attention to, consider

1b3) to look upon, regard, show regard to

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Hiphil-Impv-2ms — Verb · Hiphil · imperative second person masculine singular
HVhv2ms
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

look:

(1) The uses of the simple verb in English Versions of the Bible are nearly all good modern English. In Isa 5:2, however, "He looked that it should bring forth grapes"--"look" is used in the sense of "expect." Compare the King James Version of Sirach 20:14; Ac 28:6, "They looked when he should have swollen" (the Revised Version (British and American) "They expected that he would have swollen"). In 1 Macc 4:54, the King James Version has inserted "look" (omitted in the Revised Version (British and American)) as a simple interjection, without a corresponding word in the Greek

(2) "Look upon" means "fix one's attention on," and is often so used in English Versions of the Bible without further significance (Ec 2:11;

look from heaven and see from [the] lofty abode of holiness your and splendor your where? [are] zeal your and mighty deeds your [the] tumult of inward parts your and compassion your to me they have restrained themselves
מִשָּׁמַ֙יִם֙mi.sha.Ma.yim from heaven H8064 Preposition · noun common masculine plural absolute
421× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for heaven or sky, it refers to the visible universe and the abode of God. It is often used in the Bible to describe the dwelling place of celestial bodies.
Tyndale gloss
heaven
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word שָׁמַיִם (*shamayim*) is a dual noun meaning 'heavens' or 'sky.' It refers to the visible heavens where celestial bodies are found, as well as the abode of God. The dual form may suggest both the arch of the sky and the higher ether. It is noted in contexts such as Elijah's ascent in a whirlwind.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[שָׁמַי] n.m. only pl. שָׁמַיִם 421 heavens, sky

visible heavens, sky, where stars, etc., are

phrases

as abode of God

Elijah taken up הַשּׁ׳ in whirlwind

הַשּׁ׳ personified in various relations

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H8064 שָׁמַי only pl. שָׁמַיִם heavens, sky . . visible heavens, sky, where stars, etc., are

. phrases

. . as abode of God

. Elijah taken up הַשּׁ׳ in whirlwind

. הַשּׁ׳ personified in various relations

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

8064 shamayim shaw-mah'-yim

dual of an unused singular shameh {shaw-meh'}; from an unused

root meaning to be lofty; the sky (as aloft; the dual perhaps

alluding to the visible arch in which the clouds move, as well

as to the higher ether where the celestial bodies

revolve):--air, X astrologer, heaven(-s).

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

שָׁמַיִם (sha.ma.yim) — heaven.

1) heaven, heavens, sky

1a) visible heavens, sky

1a1) as abode of the stars

1a2) as the visible universe, the sky, atmosphere, etc

1b) Heaven (as the abode of God)

Aramaic equivalent: sha.ma.yin (שָׁמַ֫יִן "heaven" H8065)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep | N-mp — Preposition · noun common masculine plural absolute
HR/Ncmpa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

hev'-'n.

See ASTRONOMY.

Easton's Bible Dictionary

Heaven

(1.) Definitions. The phrase “heaven and earth” is used to indicate the whole universe (Gen. 1:1; Jer. 23:24; Acts 17:24). According to the Jewish notion there were three heavens,

(a) The firmament, as “fowls of the heaven” (Gen. 2:19; 7:3, 23; Ps. 8:8, etc.), “the eagles of heaven” (Lam. 4:19), etc.

(b) The starry heavens (Deut. 17:3; Jer. 8:2; Matt. 24:29).

Smith's Bible Dictionary

There are four Hebrew words thus rendered in the Old Testament which we may briefly notice. Raki’a , Authorized Version, firmament. [FIRMAMENT] Shamayim . This is the word used in the expression "the heaven and the earth," or "the upper and lower regions." (Genesis 1:1) Marom , used for heaven in (Psalms 18:16; Isaiah 24:18; Jeremiah 25:30). Properly speaking it means a mountain as in (Psalms 102:19; Ezekiel 17:23) Shechakim , "expanses," with reference to the extent of heaven. (33:26; Job 35:5) St. Paul’s expression "third heaven," (

look from heaven and see from [the] lofty abode of holiness your and splendor your where? [are] zeal your and mighty deeds your [the] tumult of inward parts your and compassion your to me they have restrained themselves
וּרְאֵ֔הu.re.'Eh and see H7200 Conjunction · verb qal imperative second person masculine singular
1,300× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for provider means to see or look after, and is used to describe God's care for his people. It appears in various forms throughout the Bible, including in Genesis and other books.
Tyndale gloss
Provider
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

רָאָה (ra'ah) is a Hebrew verb meaning 'to see' and encompasses a wide range of visual and perceptual actions, including looking, observing, and causing others to see. It can refer to both literal sight and figurative understanding, with various grammatical forms indicating different nuances, such as appearing or being visible. The entries indicate a rich semantic field without significant disagreement among lexicographers.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

רָאָה 1315 vb. see

Qal 1141

see, subj.

see, c. acc. rei

see, sq. acc. cl. or phr. of closer design

see, so as to learn to know

abs. see, have (power of) vision

see = perceive

look at, see, by direct volition

of mental observation

c. ב, lit., look into, hence look at with interest

see, c. acc. rei

Niph.

appear

be seen

be visible

Pu. appar. his bones are not detected

Hithp. recipr. look at each other

Hiph.

cause one to see something, shew

cause to experience something

cause to look intently at, to behold

Hoph.

be caused to see, be shewn

be exhibited to

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H7200a רָאָה see .. . see, subj.

. see, c. acc. rei

. see, sq. acc. + cl. or phr. of closer design

. see, so as to learn to know

. abs. see, have (power of) vision

. see = perceive

. look at, see, by direct volition

. of mental observation

. . c. ב, lit., look into, hence look at with interest

. see, c. acc. rei

. . appear

. be seen

. be visible

. appar. his bones are not detected

. recipr. look at each other

. . . cause one to see something, shew

. cause to experience something

. cause to look intently at, to behold

. . be caused to see, be shewn

. be exhibited to

H7200b רְאוּת look

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

7200 ra'ah raw-aw'

a primitive root; to see, literally or figuratively (in

numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive,

intransitive and causative):--advise self, appear, approve,

behold, X certainly, consider, discern, (make to) enjoy, have

experience, gaze, take heed, X indeed, X joyfully, lo, look

(on, one another, one on another, one upon another, out, up,

upon), mark, meet, X be near, perceive, present, provide,

regard, (have) respect, (fore-, cause to, let) see(-r, -m, one

another), shew (self), X sight of others, (e-)spy, stare, X

surely, X think, view, visions.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

רָאָה (ra.ah) — to see: see.

: see/show

1) to see, look at, inspect, perceive, consider

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to see

1a2) to see, perceive

1a3) to see, have vision

1a4) to look at, see, regard, look after, see after, learn about, observe, watch, look upon, look out, find out

1a5) to see, observe, consider, look at, give attention to, discern, distinguish

1a6) to look at, gaze at

1a7) to provide, choose

1b) (Niphal)

1b1) to appear, present oneself

1b2) to be seen

1b3) to be visible

1c) (Pual) to be seen

1d) (Hiphil)

1d1) to cause to see, show

1d2) to cause to look intently at, behold, cause to gaze at

1e) (Hophal)

1e1) to be caused to see, be shown

1e2) to be exhibited to

1f) (Hithpael) to look at each other, face

רָאָה (ra.ah) — to see: examine.

: examine/consider

1) to see, look at, inspect, perceive, consider

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to see

1a2) to see, perceive

1a3) to see, have vision

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | V-Qal-Impv-2ms — Conjunction · verb qal imperative second person masculine singular
HC/Vqv2ms
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

se: In addition to the ordinary sense of perceiving by the eye, we have

(1) chazah, "to see" (in vision): "Words of Amos .... which he saw concerning Israel" (Am 1:1). The revelation was made to his inward eye. "The word of Yahweh .... which he (Micah) saw concerning Samaria" (Mic 1:1), describing what he saw in prophetic vision (compare Hab 1:1); see REVELATION, III, 4;

(2) horao, "to take heed": "See thou say nothing" (Mr 1:44);

(3) eidon, "to know," "to note with the mind": "Jesus saw that he answered discreetly" (Mr 12:34);

look from heaven and see from [the] lofty abode of holiness your and splendor your where? [are] zeal your and mighty deeds your [the] tumult of inward parts your and compassion your to me they have restrained themselves
מִזְּבֻ֥לmi.ze.Vul from [the] lofty abode of H2073 Preposition · noun common masculine singular construct
5× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for 'elevation' or 'lofty abode' refers to a high or exalted place, like a residence or habitation. It is used to describe a dwelling place.
Amplified meaning
lofty abode, exalted dwelling
Tyndale gloss
elevation
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

זְבֻל (zbuwl) refers to concepts of elevation, height, and residence. It is derived from a root meaning to dwell, indicating a place of habitation. The term is used in various contexts, emphasizing lofty abodes or exalted places.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

זְבֻל n.[m.] elevation, height, abode

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H2073 זְבֻל elevation, height, abode

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

2073 zbuwl ze-bool'

or zbul {zeb-ool'}; from 2082; a residence:--dwell in,

dwelling, habitation.

see HEBREW for 02082

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

זְבֻל (ze.vul) — elevation.

exalted, residence, elevation, lofty abode, height, habitation

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep | N-ms — Preposition · noun common masculine singular construct
HR/Ncmsc
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ov:

(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.

English usagewhat the translators’ English meant
Webster's Dictionary (1828), Webster's Unabridged (1913), Webster's Dictionary (1806)

OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]

1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.

I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.

For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.

It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.

Lamentations 3:1.

The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.

Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.

That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.

Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…

look from heaven and see from [the] lofty abode of holiness your and splendor your where? [are] zeal your and mighty deeds your [the] tumult of inward parts your and compassion your to me they have restrained themselves
קָדְשְׁךָ֖kod.she.cha holiness your H6944 Noun common masculine singular construct · suffix
469× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Holy Place refers to a sacred or set-apart area, like the temple in Jerusalem. It is a place of sanctity and holiness, where God is worshipped. The Bible describes it as a place of reverence and awe.
Amplified meaning
set-apart, sacred
Tyndale gloss
Holy Place
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

קֹ֫דֶשׁ (qodesh) refers to the concepts of apartness, sacredness, and holiness. It can denote a sacred place or thing, such as the Most Holy Place or a sanctuary. The term emphasizes the idea of being set apart, whether in relation to God, places, or objects.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

קֹ֫דֶשׁ 469 n.m. apartness, sacredness

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H6944 קֹ֫דֶשׁ apartness, sacredness

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

6944 qodesh ko'-desh

from 6942; a sacred place or thing; rarely abstract,

sanctity:--consecrated (thing), dedicated (thing), hallowed

(thing), holiness, (X most) holy (X day, portion, thing),

saint, sanctuary.

see HEBREW for 06942

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

קֹ֫דֶשׁ (qo.desh) — holiness.

1) apartness, holiness, sacredness, separateness

1a) apartness, sacredness, holiness

1a1) of God

1a2) of places

1a3) of things

1b) set-apartness, separateness

קֹ֫דֶשׁ (qo.desh) — Most Holy Place.

This name means apartness, holiness, sacredness

Also named: hagion (ἅγιον "Most Holy Place" G0039H)

קֹ֫דֶשׁ (qo.desh) — (Way of) Holiness.

Combined with de.rekh (דֶּ֫רֶךְ "Way" H1870H)

This name means apartness, holiness, sacredness

קֹ֫דֶשׁ (qo.desh) — Holy Place.

This name means apartness, holiness, sacredness

Also named: hagion (ἅγιον "Holy Place" G0039)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-ms | Suff — Noun common masculine singular construct · suffix
HNcmsc/Sp2ms
look from heaven and see from [the] lofty abode of holiness your and splendor your where? [are] zeal your and mighty deeds your [the] tumult of inward parts your and compassion your to me they have restrained themselves
וְתִפְאַרְתֶּ֑ךָve.tif.'ar.Te.kha and splendor your H8597 Conjunction · noun common feminine singular construct · suffix
51× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word describes something beautiful or glorious, like a lovely garment or a person's honor. In the Bible, it is used to describe God's glory, as well as the beauty of creation and human achievements, as seen in Psalm and Isaiah.
Amplified meaning
beautiful, majestic
Tyndale gloss
beauty
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

תִּפְאָרָה (tiph'arah) refers to beauty and glory, encompassing both physical and abstract qualities. It can denote the beauty of garments and jewels, the glory associated with rank or God, and even the honor of Israel. The term is built from the root meaning 'ornament' and covers a range of meanings related to splendor and majesty.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

תִּפְאָרָה n.f. beauty, glory

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H8597 תִּפְאָרָה beauty, glory

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

8597 tiph'arah tif-aw-raw'

or tiphereth {tif-eh'-reth}; from 6286; ornament (abstractly

or concretely, literally or figuratively):--beauty(- iful),

bravery, comely, fair, glory(-ious), hono; ornament

(abstractly or concretely, literally or

figuratively):--beauty(-iful), bravery, comely, fair,

glory(-ious), honour, majesty.

see HEBREW for 06286

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

תִּפְאָרָה (tiph.a.rah) — beauty.

1) beauty, splendour, glory

1a) beauty, finery (of garments, jewels)

1b) glory

1b1) of rank, renown

1b2) as attribute of God

1c) honour (or nation Israel)

1d) glorying, boasting (of individual)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | N-fs | Suff — Conjunction · noun common feminine singular construct · suffix
HC/Ncfsc/Sp2ms
look from heaven and see from [the] lofty abode of holiness your and splendor your where? [are] zeal your and mighty deeds your [the] tumult of inward parts your and compassion your to me they have restrained themselves
אַיֵּ֤ה'ai.Yeh where? H346 Particle
45× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for where, used to ask for the location of someone or something. It appears in various biblical contexts, including rhetorical questions.
Tyndale gloss
where?
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word אַיֵּה (*'ayeh*) means "where?" and is used as an interrogative adverb. It can refer to the location of persons or things and may also be used rhetorically. The word is derived from a prolonged form of another root, but the entries do not provide further details on its usage in specific verses.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אַיֵּה 46 interr.adv. Where?

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H346 אַיֵּה Where?

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

346 'ayeh ah-yay'

prolonged from 335; where?:--where.

see HEBREW for 0335

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אַיֵּה (ay.yeh) — where?.

1) where?

1a) of persons, things

1b) rhetorical

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Part — Particle
HTi
look from heaven and see from [the] lofty abode of holiness your and splendor your where? [are] zeal your and mighty deeds your [the] tumult of inward parts your and compassion your to me they have restrained themselves
קִנְאָֽתְךָ֙kin.'a.te.Cha [are] zeal your H7068 Noun common feminine singular construct · suffix
43× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word refers to strong feelings of jealousy or envy, often related to romantic or spiritual passion. It can describe human emotions or God's zeal for His people, as seen in the Bible.
Amplified meaning
passionate love, jealousy
Tyndale gloss
jealousy
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

קִנְאָה (qin'ah) encompasses a range of meanings including ardor, zeal, and jealousy, often reflecting intense emotional states. It can denote a jealous disposition, particularly in the context of relationships, as well as religious zeal and divine jealousy. The term is rooted in the concept of envy and can imply anger, both in human interactions and in God's response to humanity.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

קִנְאָה n.f. ardour, zeal, jealousy

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H7068 קִנְאָה ardour, zeal, jealousy

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

7068 qin'ah kin-aw'

from 7065; jealousy or envy:--envy(-ied), jealousy, X sake,

zeal.

see HEBREW for 07065

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

קִנְאָה (qin.ah) — jealousy.

1) ardour, zeal, jealousy

1a) ardour, jealousy, jealous disposition (of husband)

1a1) sexual passion

1b) ardour of zeal (of religious zeal)

1b1) of men for God

1b2) of men for the house of God

1b3) of God for his people

1c) ardour of anger

1c1) of men against adversaries

1c2) of God against men

1d) envy (of man)

1e) jealousy (resulting in the wrath of God)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-fs | Suff — Noun common feminine singular construct · suffix
HNcfsc/Sp2ms
look from heaven and see from [the] lofty abode of holiness your and splendor your where? [are] zeal your and mighty deeds your [the] tumult of inward parts your and compassion your to me they have restrained themselves
וּגְב֣וּרֹתֶ֔ךָu.ge.Vu.ro.Te.kha and mighty deeds your H1369 Conjunction · noun common feminine plural construct · suffix
61× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word means strength, might, or power, like God's mighty power in Psalm 111:6. It can describe a person's bravery or the strength of an action, as in the mighty deeds of God in Psalm 145:11.
Amplified meaning
strength, power
Tyndale gloss
might
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

גְּבוּרָה (gbuwrah) refers to strength or might, encompassing concepts of valor and bravery. It is derived from a root related to force and power, often used in a figurative sense. The term can denote not only human strength but also the might of God, highlighting its significance in both personal and divine contexts.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

גְּבוּרָה 61 n.f. strength, might

strength

might, valour

might of God

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1369 גְּבוּרָה strength, might

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1369 gbuwrah gheb-oo-raw'

feminine passive participle from the same as 1368; force

(literally or figuratively); by implication, valor, victory:--

force, mastery, might, mighty (act, power), power, strength.

see HEBREW for 01368

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

גְּבוּרָה (ge.vu.rah) — might.

1) strength, might

1a) strength

1b) might, valour, bravery

1c) might, mighty deeds (of God)

Aramaic equivalent: ge.vu.rah (גְּבוּרָה "might" H1370)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | N-fp | Suff — Conjunction · noun common feminine plural construct · suffix
HC/Ncfpc/Sp2ms
look from heaven and see from [the] lofty abode of holiness your and splendor your where? [are] zeal your and mighty deeds your [the] tumult of inward parts your and compassion your to me they have restrained themselves
הֲמ֥וֹןha.Mon [the] tumult of H1995 Noun common · masculine singular construct
83× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Being in a state of turmoil or having a lot of noise is what this Hebrew word means. It can also refer to a large crowd or abundance of something, like in the book of Proverbs where it describes a multitude of people.
Amplified meaning
deep feeling, compassion
Tyndale gloss
crowd
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

הָמוֹן (hamown) refers to a sound or noise, encompassing meanings like murmur, roar, tumult, and crowd. It also conveys concepts of abundance and wealth. The verb form הָמַן (haman) means to rage or be turbulent. The entries highlight a range of uses, from describing a multitude to expressing confusion or disquiet.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

הָמוֹן n.m. sound, murmur, roar, crowd, abundance

sound, murmur, rush, roar

tumult, confusion (as occasioning a roar)

crowd, multitude

great number, abundance (late)

abundance, wealth

base

[הָמַן] vb. rage, be turbulent

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1995a הָמוֹן sound, murmur, roar, crowd, abundance H1995b הָמַן rage, be turbulent

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1995 hamown haw-mone'

or hamon (Ezek. 5:7) {haw-mone'}; from 1993; a noise, tumult,

crowd; also disquietude, wealth:--abundance, company, many,

multitude, multiply, noise, riches, rumbling, sounding, store,

tumult.

see HEBREW for 01993

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

הָמוֹן (ha.mon) — crowd.

1) murmur, roar, crowd, abundance, tumult, sound

1a) sound, murmur, rush, roar

1b) tumult, confusion

1c) crowd, multitude

1d) great number, abundance

1e) abundance, wealth

הָמַן (ha.man) — be turbulent.

to rage, be turbulent

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular construct
HNcmsc
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ov:

(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.

English usagewhat the translators’ English meant
Webster's Dictionary (1828), Webster's Unabridged (1913), Webster's Dictionary (1806)

OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]

1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.

I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.

For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.

It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.

Lamentations 3:1.

The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.

Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.

That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.

Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…

look from heaven and see from [the] lofty abode of holiness your and splendor your where? [are] zeal your and mighty deeds your [the] tumult of inward parts your and compassion your to me they have restrained themselves
מֵעֶ֛יךָme.'Ei.kha inward parts your H4578 Noun common masculine plural construct · suffix
32× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word refers to the internal organs, like the intestines or stomach, and can also mean sympathy or emotions. The KJV translates it as belly, bowels, or womb, depending on the context.
Tyndale gloss
belly
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

מֵעֶה (me`ah) refers to internal organs, particularly the intestines and belly. It is used in plural form and can denote various inward parts, including the womb and the seat of emotions. The term may also imply softness, reflecting a figurative sense of sympathy or emotional distress.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[מֵעֶה] n.m. only pl. internal organs, inward parts (intestines, bowels), belly

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H4578 מֵעֶה only pl. internal organs, inward parts (intestines, bowels), belly

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

4578 me`ah may-aw'

from an unused root probably meaning to be soft; used only in

plural the intestines, or (collectively) the abdomen,

figuratively, sympathy; by implication, a vest; by extens. the

stomach, the uterus (or of men, the seat of generation), the

heart (figuratively):--belly, bowels, X heart, womb.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

מֵעֶה (me.eh) — belly.

1) internal organs, inward parts, bowels, intestines, belly

1a) inward parts

1b) digestive organs

1c) organs of procreation, womb

1d) place of emotions or distress or love (fig.)

1e) external belly

Aramaic equivalent: me.ah (מְעָא "belly" H4577)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HNcmpc/Sp2ms — Noun common masculine plural construct · suffix
HNcmpc/Sp2ms
look from heaven and see from [the] lofty abode of holiness your and splendor your where? [are] zeal your and mighty deeds your [the] tumult of inward parts your and compassion your to me they have restrained themselves
וְֽרַחֲמֶ֖יךָve.ra.cha.Mei.kha and compassion your H7356 Conjunction · noun common masculine plural construct · suffix
45× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word refers to compassion or tender love, often describing God's feelings towards people. It can also mean the womb, symbolizing care and nurturing. The KJV translates it as compassion, mercy, or pity.
Amplified meaning
tender love, mercy
Tyndale gloss
womb
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

רַחַם (racham) primarily means 'womb' and is associated with the idea of nurturing. It also refers to 'compassion' in its plural form, רַחֲמִים (rachamim), indicating a deep, tender love or mercy. The word is built from a root that conveys a sense of cherishing, often linked to the maternal aspect of compassion.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

רֶ֫חֶם, רַ֫חַם n.m. womb

base

רַחֲמִים n.m. abs. pl. intens. compassion

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H7356a רֶ֫חֶם, רַ֫חַם womb H7356b רַחֲמִים abs. pl. intens. compassion

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

7356 racham rakh'-am

from 7355; compassion (in the plural); by extension, the womb

(as cherishing the fetus); by implication, a maiden:--

bowels, compassion, damsel, tender love, (great, tender)

mercy, pity, womb.

see HEBREW for 07355

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

רַחַם (ra.cham) — womb.

womb

Another spelling of re.chem (רֶ֫חֶם "womb" H7358)

רַחֲמִים (ra.cha.mim) — compassion.

compassion

Aramaic equivalent: re.chem (רַחֲמִין "compassion" H7359)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | N-mp | Suff — Conjunction · noun common masculine plural construct · suffix
HC/Ncmpc/Sp2ms
look from heaven and see from [the] lofty abode of holiness your and splendor your where? [are] zeal your and mighty deeds your [the] tumult of inward parts your and compassion your to me they have restrained themselves
אֵלַ֥י'e.Lai to me H413 Preposition · suffix
5,518× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means 'to' or 'toward', showing direction or movement. It appears in many books, including Genesis and Exodus, to indicate where someone is going. The KJV translates it in various ways, like 'about', 'according to', or 'against'.
Tyndale gloss
to(wards)
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word אֶל (el) is primarily a preposition indicating motion towards or direction to a person or place. It can also imply entering a limit, presence at a location, or a hostile direction (against). Additionally, it may express concepts such as concerning, in addition to, or according to. The entries highlight its versatility in both physical and metaphorical contexts.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אֶל (nearly always followed by Makkeph),

prep. denoting motion to or direction towards (whether physical or mental).of motion to or unto a person or place

Where the limit is actually entered, into

Of direction towards anything

Where the motion or direction implied appears from the context to be of a hostile character, אֶל = against

Unto sometimes acquires from the context the sense of in addition to

Metaph. in regard to, concerning, on account of

Of rule or standard according to (rare)

Expressing presence at a spot, against, at, by, not merely after verbs implying motion

Prefixed to other preps. it combines with them the idea of motion or direction to

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H413 אֶל (nearly always followed by Makkeph), . of motion to or unto a person or place

. Where the limit is actually entered, into

. Of direction towards anything

. Where the motion or direction implied appears from the context to be of a hostile character, אֶל = against

. Unto sometimes acquires from the context the sense of in addition to

. Metaph. in regard to, concerning, on account of

. Of rule or standard according to (rare)

. Expressing presence at a spot, against, at, by, not merely after verbs implying motion

. Prefixed to other preps. it combines with them the idea of motion or direction to

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

413 'el ale

(but only used in the shortened constructive form sel {el});

a primitive particle; properly, denoting motion towards, but

occasionally used of a quiescent position, i.e. near, with or

among; often in general, to:--about, according to ,after,

against, among, as for, at, because(-fore, -side), both...and,

by, concerning, for, from, X hath, in(- to), near, (out) of,

over, through, to(-ward), under, unto, upon, whether,

with(-in).

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אֶל (el) — to(wards).

1) to, toward, unto (of motion)

2) into (limit is actually entered)

2a) in among

3) toward (of direction, not necessarily physical motion)

4) against (motion or direction of a hostile character)

5) in addition to, to

6) concerning, in regard to, in reference to, on account of

7) according to (rule or standard)

8) at, by, against (of one's presence)

9) in between, in within, to within, unto (idea of motion to)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep | Suff — Preposition · suffix
HR/Sp1bs
look from heaven and see from [the] lofty abode of holiness your and splendor your where? [are] zeal your and mighty deeds your [the] tumult of inward parts your and compassion your to me they have restrained themselves
הִתְאַפָּֽקוּ׃hit.'a.Pa.ku they have restrained themselves H662 Verb · Hithpael · perfect third person common plural
7× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means to restrain or abstain from something, often used in the context of self-control or discipline. It can also mean to force oneself to do something, as seen in the actions of those who persevere through difficult times.
Amplified meaning
held back, abstained
Tyndale gloss
to refrain
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אָפַק (aphaq) is a Hebrew verb meaning to hold or be strong. It primarily conveys the idea of restraining oneself or holding back, particularly in the Hithpael form. The entries emphasize its reflexive nature, indicating self-control or compulsion.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[אָפַק] vb. hold, be strong—only Hithp.

force, compel oneself

restrain oneself, refrain

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H662 אָפַק hold, be strong

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

662 'aphaq aw-fak'

a primitive root; to contain, i.e. (reflex.) abstain:--force

(oneself), restrain.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אָפַק (a.phaq) — to refrain.

1) to hold, be strong, restrain, hold back

1a) (Hithpael)

1a1) to restrain oneself, refrain

1a2) to force, compel oneself

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Hithpael-Perf-3cp — Verb · Hithpael · perfect third person common plural
HVtp3cp
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
Sources on this page. Lexicons and dictionaries imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate Liddell-Scott-Jones, Robinson and Packard, Webster and Cawdrey. Thayer’s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (Harper, 1889 — Grimm’s Wilke’s Clavis Novi Testamenti, translated, revised and enlarged by Joseph Henry Thayer) is public domain and is set here from the Internet Archive page scan greekenglishlex00grim; it is uncorrected OCR, marked as such on the entry itself, and the Strong’s numbers — which Thayer’s own edition does not carry — were matched by lemma against the other modules on this page. Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament (Macmillan, 1880) and Moulton and Milligan’s Vocabulary of the Greek Testament (Hodder & Stoughton, 1930, which entered the United States public domain on 1 January 2026) are set from Internet Archive page scans synonymsofnewtes00treniala and vocabularyofgree00mouluoft, and are likewise uncorrected OCR matched to Strong’s numbers by lemma. Trench treats a group of words at once, so the same essay stands on the page of each word it compares. The Mounce Concise Greek-English Dictionary is © 1993 and is used here by permission for non-commercial use, www.teknia.com/greek-dictionary. The full Liddell-Scott-Jones and the Hebrew word data (TAHOT) come from STEPBible.org, CC BY 4.0. Brown-Driver-Briggs is the OpenScriptures digitisation, public domain. Syntax analysis is the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (biblicalhumanities.org); the concordance and morphology are built from the tagged Nestle 1904 text. Septuagint occurrences use the Open Scriptures Septuagint lemma index, derived from CCAT (University of Pennsylvania) and the Rahlfs 1935 dataset by Eliran Wong, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — used here on a non-commercial ministry site. Greek of Josephus and Barnabas from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA 4.0. Commentaries and the Ante-Nicene Fathers are public-domain texts hosted on this site. Everyday Greek from the Duke Databank of Documentary Papyri, CC BY 3.0, with dates and provenance from the Heidelberger Gesamtverzeichnis. Philo and the Apostolic Fathers from Open Greek and Latin (First1KGreek), CC BY-SA 4.0. The apparatus and the fifth Greek column are the SBL Greek New Testament, © 2010 SBL and Logos Bible Software, CC BY 4.0. The Latin is the Clementine Vulgate (public domain); the Syriac New Testament is the ETCBC edition (MIT licence). The Hebrew behind the Greek is computed here from the Septuagint index and TAHOT, not taken from any aligned edition. The translation spread and the per-word edition marks come from the Translators Amalgamated Greek NT (STEPBible, CC BY 4.0); clause roles from the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (CC BY-SA 4.0); place identifications and their confidence from OpenBible.info Bible Geocoding (CC BY 4.0), with map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Gospel parallels are computed here from shared uncommon vocabulary, not taken from any printed harmony. Cross references are the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge and the subject headings are Nave’s Topical Bible, both public domain. Works under Creative Commons licences are used unchanged apart from markup removal.

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