1 Kings 16:17 — Word Study
WLCוַיַּעֲלֶ֥ה עָמְרִ֛י וְכָל־ יִשְׂרָאֵ֥ל עִמּ֖וֹ מִֽגִּבְּת֑וֹן וַיָּצֻ֖רוּ עַל־ תִּרְצָֽה׃
BSAThen OmriʻOmrîy [a king of Israel, succeeding Elah] andʻim allkôl [the entire nation of] the IsraelitesYisrâʼêl marched upʻâlâh▸ [to ascend, went up] from GibbethonGibbᵉthôwn [a town in Palestine, a Philistine town in Dan] and besiegedtsûwr▸ [to confine, surround] TirzahTirtsâh [a city in ancient Palestine, one of the kingdoms conquered by Joshua]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| וַיַּעֲלֶ֥ה | and he went up | Verb, Qal, sequential imperfect third person masculine singular |
| עָמְרִ֛י | Omri | Noun proper masculine |
| וְכָל־ | and all | Conjunction, noun common masculine singular construct |
| יִשְׂרָאֵ֥ל | Israel | Noun proper |
| עִמּ֖וֹ | with him | Preposition, suffix |
| מִֽגִּבְּת֑וֹן | from Gibbethon | Preposition, noun proper |
| וַיָּצֻ֖רוּ | and they laid siege | Verb, Qal, sequential imperfect third person masculine plural |
| עַל־ | on | Preposition |
| תִּרְצָֽה׃ | Tirzah | Noun proper |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | Then Omri and all the Israelites marched up from Gibbethon and besieged Tirzah. |
| KJV | And Omri went up from Gibbethon, and all Israel with him, and they besieged Tirzah. |
| ASV | And Omri went up from Gibbethon, and all Israel with him, and they besieged Tirzah. |
| YLT | And Omri goeth up, and all Israel with him, from Gibbethon, and they lay siege to Tirzah. |
| WEB | Omri went up from Gibbethon, and all Israel with him, and they besieged Tirzah. |
| BBE | Then Omri went up from Gibbethon, with all the army of Israel, and they made an attack on Tirzah, shutting in the town on every side. |
Where they part company is in the rendering of וַיָּצֻ֖רוּ — see How Translations Differ.
The sentence has a main clause followed by two prepositional phrases, clearly indicating the action and the locations involved.





6 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Trapp, Cambridge & more — read them ›
clause
verbעָלָה
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — 1 Kings 16:17
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Reign of Omrigenerated
1 Kings 16:17 describes how Omri, the newly proclaimed king of Israel, led his people in a military action against Tirzah after the death of Zimri. This moment marks a significant transition in leadership and the ongoing conflict for control of Israel's throne, reflecting the turbulent history of the nation during this period.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Judges 9:45–50 | And all that day Abimelech fought against the city until he had captured it and killed its people. Then he demolished the city and sowed it with salt. |
| 2 | 2 Kings 6:24–25 | Some time later, Ben-hadad king of Aram assembled his entire army and marched up to besiege Samaria. |
| 3 | 2 Kings 18:9–12 | In the fourth year of Hezekiah’s reign, which was the seventh year of the reign of Hoshea son of Elah over Israel, Shalmaneser king of Assyria marched against Samaria and besieged it. |
| 4 | 2 Kings 25:1–4 | So in the ninth year of Zedekiah’s reign, on the tenth day of the tenth month, Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon marched against Jerusalem with his entire army. They encamped outside the city and built a siege wall all around it. |
| 5 | Luke 19:43–44 | For the days will come upon you when your enemies will barricade you and surround you and hem you in on every side. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 5 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — עָלָה, vai.ya.'a.Lehgenerated
The verb עָלָה (alah) means 'to ascend' and conveys the idea of going up or rising. It is used here to indicate the movement of Omri and the Israelites as they march from Gibbethon.
This verb is in the sequential imperfect tense, showing a completed action in the past, specifically that Omri led his people in ascent from one location to another. The use of this verb emphasizes the physical act of moving upward, which can also carry metaphorical weight in terms of leadership and authority.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, which uses 'marched up' for עָלָה.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The main verb וַיַּעֲלֶ֥ה (and he went up) governs the sentence, with two phrases attached: the subject 'Omri and all the Israelites' and the action of besieging Tirzah. This structure emphasizes the action of marching and the collective effort of the Israelites.
The sentence follows a typical Hebrew structure, where the subject precedes the verb, allowing for a clear presentation of who is acting and what they are doing.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates עָלָה as ἀνέβη (anebē), which also means 'went up' or 'ascended'. This choice maintains the original sense of upward movement, aligning with the Hebrew meaning.
The Greek term used for the siege, περιεκάθισαν, indicates a similar action of surrounding, suggesting consistency in the military context across both translations.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
1 Kings 16:17 tells us that Omri and the Israelites marched from Gibbethon to besiege Tirzah. This action shows the unity of the nation under Omri's leadership as they engage in military conflict.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
Omri was a king of Israel who ruled for 12 years and is known for his military leadership and establishing a dynasty.
To besiege a city means to surround it with armed forces to cut off supplies and compel surrender.
Omri marched from Gibbethon to assert his claim to the throne and to confront the opposition in Tirzah.
Tirzah was a significant city in ancient Israel, known for being a capital and a location of conflict during the period of the divided monarchy.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What can we learn from Omri's leadership style in this passage?
- How does the act of besieging a city reflect the struggles of leadership in ancient Israel?
- In what ways can we see the importance of unity in a group during challenging times?
- What parallels can be drawn between the military actions in this passage and conflicts in our own lives?
Commentators on this verse — 6 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on 1 Kings 16:17 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleAnd Omri went up from Gibbethon, and all Israel with him,.... He, and the army under him, broke up the siege of that place, and marched to Tirzah; which, according, to Bunting (c) were thirty six
Read John Gill on 1 Kings 16 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryAnd Zimri went in and smote him, and killed him, in the twenty and seventh year of Asa king of Judah, and reigned in his stead. No JFB commentary on these verses.
Read Robert Jamieson on 1 Kings 16 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments1 Kings 16:17 And Omri went up from Gibbethon, and all Israel with him, and they besieged Tirzah.Ver. 17. And Omri went out from Gibethon.] Where now the second time the siege was raised. See 1 Kings 15:27.
Read John Trapp on 1 Kings 16 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges17. and they besieged Tirzah] Which must therefore have been a fortified town, and not a mere pleasance of the kings of Israel.
Read Cambridge on 1 Kings 16 →
Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleWent up - The expression “went up” marks accurately the ascent of the army from the Shephelah, where Gibbethon was situated Joshua 19:44, to the hill country of Israel, on the edge of which Tirzah stood 1 Kings 14:17.
Read Albert Barnes on 1 Kings 16 →
Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible17. Besieged Tirzah — They raised the siege of Gibbethon and attacked the seditious Israelites, deeming it better to punish treason and assassination at home than to continue the tedious war with the Philistines.
Read Daniel Denison Whedon on 1 Kings 16 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
Then Omri and all the Israelites marched up from Gibbethon and besieged Tirzah.
Omri went up from Gibbethon, and all Israel with him, and they besieged Tirzah.
Then Omri and all the Israelites marched up from Gibbethon and besieged Tirzah.
Omri and all Israel went up from Gibbethon and besieged Tirzah.
Tyndale line
And Omri went up from Gibbethon, and all Israel with him, and they besieged Tirzah.
And Omri went up from Gibbethon, and all Israel with him, and they besieged Tirzah.
And Omri went up from Gibbethon, and all Israel with him, and they besieged Tirzah.
And Omri went up from Gibbethon, and all Israel with him, and they besieged Tirzah.
Then Omri went vp from Gibbethon, and all Israel with him, and they besieged Tirzah.
Strictly literal
And Omri went up from Gibbethon, and all Israel with him, and they besieged Tirzah.
And Omri goeth up, and all Israel with him, from Gibbethon, and they lay siege to Tirzah.
And Omri goes up, and all Israel with him, from Gibbethon, and they lay siege to Tirzah.
And 'Omri went up, and all Israel with him from Gibbethon, and they besieged Thirzah.
Omri went up from Gibbethon and all Israel with him, and they besieged Tirzah.
From the Latin
And Amri went up, and all Israel with him from Gebbethon, and they besieged Thersa.
Simplified
Omri and the whole Israelite army left Gibbethon and went and besieged Tirzah.
Then Omri went up from Gibbethon, with all the army of Israel, and they made an attack on Tirzah, shutting in the town on every side.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint agree in their wording for this verse, with a word-for-word correspondence in the main actions described. Both texts convey the same military event without significant variation.
וַיַּעֲלֶ֥ה עָמְרִ֛י וְכָל־ יִשְׂרָאֵ֥ל עִמּ֖וֹ מִֽגִּבְּת֑וֹן וַיָּצֻ֖רוּ עַל־ תִּרְצָֽה׃
9 of the 9 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in 1 Kings 16:17
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
The Hebrew word עָלָה (alah) means 'to ascend' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including going up, climbing, and rising in various contexts such as personal, natural, and spiritual. It can refer to actions involving people, animals, vegetation, and even thoughts, and includes nuances of being exalted or offering sacrifices. The word is built from a primitive root and appears in various grammatical forms, indicating different aspects of ascent or elevation.
עָלָה 890 vb. go up, ascend, climb
Qal
of persons, go up, ascend, in local relations
go up, in personal relations
of animals, go or come up
of vegetation, spring up, grow, shoot forth
of natural phenom., go up, rise
of inanimate things, instead of passive construction
of thoughts
come up before God, arrogance
go up, extend, of boundary
excel
Niph.
be brought up
be taken up
pass., be taken up, away
reflex., take oneself away from, get up from
reflex.: take oneself away
be exalted, of God
Hiph.
bring up persons
in personal relations
bring up animals
cause to ascend
mentally
offer a present; bring up tithe to
exalt
cause to ascend (in flame), offer sacrifice
Hoph.
be carried away
be taken up into, inserted in
be offered
Hithp. lift oneself
base
H5927 עָלָה go up, ascend, climb .. of persons, go up, ascend, in local relations
. go up, in personal relations
. of animals, go or come up
. of vegetation, spring up, grow, shoot forth
. of natural phenom., go up, rise
. of inanimate things, instead of passive construction
. of thoughts
. come up before God, arrogance
. go up, extend, of boundary
. excel
. . . be brought up
. be taken up
. . pass., be taken up, away
. reflex., take oneself away from, get up from
. reflex.: take oneself away
. be exalted, of God
. . bring up persons
. in personal relations
. bring up animals
. cause to ascend
. mentally
. offer a present; bring up tithe to
. exalt
. cause to ascend (in flame), offer sacrifice
. . be carried away
. be taken up into, inserted in
. be offered
. lift oneself
5927 `alah aw-law'
a primitive root; to ascend, intransitively (be high) or
actively (mount); used in a great variety of senses, primary
and secondary, literal and figurative (as follow):--arise
(up), (cause to) ascend up, at once, break (the day) (up),
bring (up), (cause to) burn, carry up, cast up, + shew, climb
(up), (cause to, make to) come (up), cut off, dawn, depart,
exalt, excel, fall, fetch up, get up, (make to) go (away, up);
grow (over) increase, lay, leap, levy, lift (self) up, light,
(make) up, X mention, mount up, offer, make to pay, + perfect,
prefer, put (on), raise, recover, restore, (make to) rise
(up), scale, set (up), shoot forth (up), (begin to) spring
(up), stir up, take away (up), work.
עָלָה (a.lah) — to ascend: rise.
: rise/go
1) to go up, ascend, climb
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to go up, ascend
1a2) to meet, visit, follow, depart, withdraw, retreat
1a3) to go up, come up (of animals)
1a4) to spring up, grow, shoot forth (of vegetation)
1a5) to go up, go up over, rise (of natural phenomenon)
1a6) to come up (before God)
1a7) to go up, go up over, extend (of boundary)
1a8) to excel, be superior to
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to be taken up, be brought up, be taken away
1b2) to take oneself away
1b3) to be exalted
1c) (Hiphil)
1c1) to bring up, cause to ascend or climb, cause to go up
1c2) to bring up, bring against, take away
1c3) to bring up, draw up, train
1c4) to cause to ascend
1c5) to rouse, stir up (mentally)
1c6) to offer, bring up (of gifts)
1c7) to exalt
1c8) to cause to ascend, offer
1d) (Hophal)
1d1) to be carried away, be led up
1d2) to be taken up into, be inserted in
1d3) to be offered
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms — Verb · Qal · sequential imperfect third person masculine singularHc/Vqw3ms
The Hebrew word עָמְרִי (Omriy) refers primarily to Omri, a king of Israel known for his 12-year reign and as the father of Ahab. The entries also mention other individuals named Omri, including a man from the tribe of Benjamin and another from Judah. The name means 'pupil of Jehovah' and appears in various contexts throughout the Old Testament.
עָמְרִי 18 n.pr.m.
Omri, king of Israel
name in Benj.
in Judah
in Issachar
base
H6018 עָמְרִי
6018 `Omriy om-ree'
from 6014; heaping; Omri, an Israelite:--Omri.
see HEBREW for 06014
עׇמְרִי (om.ri) — Omri.
A king of the Kingdom of Israel, living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ki.16.16;
father of: Ahab (H0256)
§ Omri = "pupil of Jehovah"
1) king of the northern kingdom of Israel, successor to king Elah for whom he was the captain of the army; ruled for 12 years and succeeded by his infamous son Ahab
2) one of the sons of Becher the son of Benjamin
3) a descendant of Pharez the son of Judah
4) son of Michael and chief of the tribe of Issachar in the time of David
עׇמְרִי (om.ri) — Omri.
A man of the tribe of Benjamin living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, only mentioned at 1Ch.7.8;
son of: Becher (H1071);
brother of: Zemirah (H2160), Joash (H3135), Eliezer (H0461I), Elioenai (H0454I), Jeremoth (H3406H), Abijah (H0029K), Anathoth (H6068H) and Alemeth (H5964H)
§ Omri = "pupil of Jehovah"
N-proper — Noun proper masculineHNpm
om'-ri (`omri; Septuagint Ambri; Assyrian "Chumri" and "Chumria"):
(1) The 6th king of Northern Israel, and founder of the IIIrd Dynasty which reigned for nearly 50 years. Omri reigned 12 years, circa 887-876 BC. The historical sources of his reign are contained in 1Ki 16:15-28; 20:34, the Moabite Stone, Assyrian inscriptions, and in the published accounts of recent excavations in Samaria. In spite of the brief passage given to Omri in the Old Testament, he was one of the most important of the military kings of Northern Israel.
1. His Accession:
Omri is first mentioned as an officer in the army of Elah, which was engaged in the siege of the Philistine town of Gibbethon. While Omri was thus engaged, Zimri, another officer of Elah's army, conspired against the king, whom he assassinated in a drunken debauch, exterminating at the same…
Omri
Servant of Jehovah. When Elah was murdered by Zimri at Tirzah (1 Kings 16:15-27), Omri, his captain, was made king (B.C. 931). For four years there was continued opposition to his reign, Tibni, another claimant to the throne, leading the opposing party; but at the close of that period all his rivals were defeated, and he became king of Israel, “Tibni died and Omri reigned” (B.C. 927). By his vigour and power he gained great eminence and consolidated the kingdom. He fixed his dynasty on the throne so firmly that it continued during four succeeding reigns. Tirza was for six years the seat of his government. He then removed the capital to Samaria (q.v.), where he died, and was succeeded by his son Ahab. “He wrought evil in the eyes of the Lord, and did worse than all that were before him.”
(pupil of Jehovah). Originally "captain of the host" to Elah, was afterward himself king of Israel, and founder of the third dynasty. (B.C. 926.) Omri was engaged in the siege of Gibbethon situated in the tribe of Dan, which had been occupied by the Philistines. As soon as the army heard of Elah’s death they proclaimed Omri king. Thereupon he broke up the siege of Gibbethon and attacked Tirzah, where Zimri was holding his court as king of Israel. The city was taken, and Zimri perished in the flames of the palace, after a reign of seven days. Omri, however, was not allowed to establish his dynasty without a struggle against Tibni, whom "half the people," (1 Kings 16:21) desired to raise to the throne. The civil war lasted four years. Comp. (1 Kings 16:15) with 1Kin 16:23 After…
Was general of the army of Elah king of Israel; but being at the siege of Gibbethon, and hearing that his master Elah was assassinated by Zimri who had usurped his kingdom, he raised the siege, and being elected king by his army, marched against Zimri, attacked him at Tirzah, and forced him to burn himself and all his family in the palace in which he had shut himself up. After his death, half of Israel acknowledged Omri for king, the other half adhered to Tibni, son of Ginath, which division continued four years. When Tebni was dead, the people united in Acknowledging Omri as king of all Israel, who reigned twelve years, six years at Tirzah, and six at Samaria, 1Ki 16:8-28.
Tirzah had previously been the chief residence of the kings of Israel; but when Omri purchased the hill of Shomeron,
כֹּל (kol) means 'all' or 'the whole.' It can refer to totality, including every person or thing, and is often used with a following genitive to specify what is included. The term can also denote a broader sense of everything in existence or all circumstances of life. The lexicons do not show significant disagreement on its meanings.
כֹּל once כּוֹל n.m. the whole, all
with foll. gen. (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, any or every
Absolutely:
without the art., all things, all
with the art. הַכֹּל
where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned
in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe, or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late)
base
H3605 כֹּל once כּוֹל the whole, all . with foll. gen. (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, any or every
. Absolutely: . without the art., all things, all
. with the art. הַכֹּל . where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned
. in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe, or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late)
3605 kol kole
or (Jer. 33:8) kowl {kole}; from 3634; properly, the whole;
hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a
plural sense):--(in) all (manner, (ye)), altogether, any
(manner), enough, every (one, place, thing), howsoever, as
many as, (no-)thing, ought, whatsoever, (the) whole,
whoso(-ever).
see HEBREW for 03634
כֹּל (kol) — all.
1) all, the whole
1a) all, the whole of
1b) any, each, every, anything
1c) totality, everything
Aramaic equivalent: kol (כֹּל "all" H3606)
Conj | N-ms — Conjunction · noun common masculine singular constructHC/Ncmsc
ol: Used in various combinations, and with different meanings.
(1) All along, "Weeping all along as he went" (Jer 41:6), i.e. throughout the whole way he went, feigning equal concern with the men from Shiloh, etc., for the destruction of the Temple, so as to put them off their guard.
(2) All in all, "That God may be all in all" (1Co 15:28, Greek: panta en pasin, "all things in all (persons and) things"). "The universe, with all it comprises, will wholly answer to God's will and reflect His mind" (Dummelow).
יִשְׂרָאֵל (Yisra'el) refers to both the second name of Jacob, meaning 'God prevails,' and the name of the Hebrew nation descended from him. It is derived from roots meaning 'to rule' and 'God.' The term encompasses Jacob's descendants and is used historically for the northern kingdom of Israel and the nation as a whole after the Babylonian exile.
יִשְׂרָאֵל 2507 n.pr.m. et gent. Israel (Ēl persisteth, persevereth)
n.pr.m. second name of Jacob
n.pr.gent. name of Hebrew nation
base
H3478 יִשְׂרָאֵל Israel (Ēl persisteth, persevereth) . n. pr. m. second name of Jacob
. n. pr. gent. name of Hebrew nation
3478 Yisra'el yis-raw-ale'
from 8280 and 410; he will rule as God; Jisrael, a symbolical
name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity:
--Israel.
see HEBREW for 08280
see HEBREW for 0410
יִשְׂרָאֵל (yis.ra.el) — Israel.
A man living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.25.26;
son of: Isaac (H3327) and Rebekah (H7259);
brother of: Esau (H6215); married to Rachel (H7354), Leah (H3812), Zilpah (H2153) and Bilhah (H1090A);
father of: Reuben (H7205), Simeon (H8095), Levi (H3878), Judah (H3063), Dan (H1835H), Naphtali (H5321), Gad (H1410), Asher (H0836), Issachar (H3485), Zebulun (H2074), Dinah (H1783), Joseph (H3130) and Benjamin (H1144); also called Jacob frequently
§ Israel = "God prevails"
1) the second name for Jacob given to him by God after his wrestling with the angel at Peniel
2) the name of the descendants and the nation of the descendants of Jacob
2a) the name of the nation until the death of Solomon and the split
N-proper — Noun properHNpl
iz'-ra-el.
See JACOB.
Israel
The name conferred on Jacob after the great prayer-struggle at Peniel (Gen. 32:28), because “as a prince he had power with God and prevailed.” (See JACOB.) This is the common name given to Jacob’s descendants. The whole people of the twelve tribes are called “Israelites,” the “children of Israel” (Josh. 3:17; 7:25; Judg. 8:27; Jer. 3:21), and the “house of Israel” (Ex. 16:31; 40:38).
This name Israel is sometimes used emphatically for the true Israel (Ps. 73:1: Isa. 45:17; 49:3;
(the prince that prevails with God). The name given, (Genesis 32:28) to Jacob after his wrestling with the angel, (Hosea 12:4) at Peniel. Gesenius interprets Israel "soldier of God." It became the national name of the twelve tribes collectively. They are so called in (Exodus 3:16) and afterward. It is used in a narrower sense, excluding Judah, in (1 Samuel 11:8; 2 Samuel 20:1; 1 Kings 12:16) Thenceforth it was assumed and accepted as the name of the northern kingdom. After the Babylonian captivity, the returned exiles resumed the name Israel as the designation of…
Who prevails with God, a name given to Jacob, after having wrestled with the Angel-Jehovah at Penuel. Ge 32:1,2,28,30 Ho 12:3. See JACOB. By the name Israel is sometimes understood all the posterity of Israel, the seed of Jacob, 1Co 10:18; sometimes all true believers, his spiritual seed, Ro 9:6; and sometimes the kingdom of Israel, or the ten tribes, as distinct from the kingdom of Judah.
עִם (im) is a preposition meaning 'with' and covers a range of relationships, including companionship, locality, and possession. It can imply actions done jointly, equality, or even opposition in contexts like combat. The related form מֵעִם (me.im) means 'from with' or 'beside.' The entries reflect various nuances but do not present significant disagreement.
עִם prep. with
of fellowship and companionship
of aid
Of actions done jointly with another
If the common action be of the nature of a contest or combat, with in the sense of against
Of dealing with a person, or of the relation in which one stands with, or towards, another
Of a common lot together with the wicked
Of equality or resemblance generally aid
Of time, as long as
Of a locality, close to, beside
Of persons, עִם is spec.
in the house or family or service of
In possession of
In the custody or care of
Beside = except
With = friendly with
Idiom. of a thought or purpose present with one
Metaph. together with = in spite of, notwithstanding
base
מֵעִם 72 from with or beside
base
H5973a עִם with . of fellowship and companionship
. Of a locality, close to, beside
. Of persons, עִם is spec. . in the house or family or service of
. In possession of
. In the custody or care of
. Beside = except
. With = friendly with
. Idiom. of a thought or purpose present with one
. Metaph. together with = in spite of, notwithstanding
H5973b מֵעִם from with, beside
5973 `im eem
from 6004; adverb or preposition, with (i.e. in conjunction
with), in varied applications; specifically, equally with;
often with prepositional prefix (and then usually
unrepresented in English):--accompanying, against, and, as (X
long as), before, beside, by (reason of), for all, from
(among, between), in, like, more than, of, (un-)to,
with(-al).
see HEBREW for 06004
עִם (im) — with.
1) with
1a) with
1b) against
1c) toward
1d) as long as
מֵעִם (me.im) — from with.
1a) beside, except
1b) in spite of
Prep | Suff — Preposition · suffixHR/Sp3ms
גִּבְּתוֹן (Gibbethon) refers to a Philistine city in ancient Palestine, described as a 'mound' or 'height.' It is noted for being allocated to the Kohathite Levites and is mentioned in the context of the tribe of Dan. The exact location of Gibbethon remains unknown.
גִּבְּתוֹן n.pr.loc. (mound, height) Philistine city; assigned to Dan, and to Levites: site unknown
base
H1405 גִּבְּתוֹן
1405 Gibbthown ghib-beth-one'
intensive from 1389; a hilly spot; Gibbethon, a place in
Palestine:--Gibbethon.
see HEBREW for 01389
גִּבְּתוֹן (gib.b.ton) — Gibbethon.
§ Gibbethon = "mound"
a Philistine town in Dan allocated to the Kohathite Levites
Prep | N-proper — Preposition · noun properHR/Npl
gib'-e-thon (gibbethon): A city in the territory of Da in the plain named with Eltekeh and Baalath (Jos 19:44), and assigned to the Kohathite Levites (Jos 21:23). Later we find it in the hands of the Philistines; and it was while besieging the city that Nadab was slain by Baasha (1Ki 15:27). After 25 years Omri, the general of Baasha, was here made king of the army when news reached them of Zimri s regicide (1Ki 16:15). It may possibly be identified with Kibbiah, which lies about 16 miles Southeast of Jaffa; but no certain identification is possible.
W. Ewing
Gibbethon
A height, a city of the Philistines in the territory of Dan, given to the Kohathites (Josh. 19:44; 21:23). Nadab the king of Israel, while besieging it, was slain under its walls by Baasha, one of his own officers (1 Kings 15:27). It was in the possession of the Philistines after the secession of the ten tribes (2 Chr. 11:13, 14).
(a hill), a town allotted to the tribe of Dan, (Joshua 19:44) and afterwards given with its "suburbs" to the Kohathite Levites. ch. (Joshua 21:23)
A city of the Philistines, within the bounds of the tribe of Dan, and assigned to the Levites, Jos 19:44; 21:23. The Philistines, however, were not excluded; and in the time of Nadab they were its masters, and he was slain by Baasha while besieging it, 1Ki 15:27; 16:15. Its after-history, and its site are unknown.
צוּר (tsur) is a Hebrew verb with a range of meanings including to confine, bind, or besiege, as well as to show hostility or to fashion. It can imply both literal and figurative applications, such as being an adversary or enclosing something. The entries indicate that it covers various contexts, from distressing to fortifying.
צוּר vb. confine, bind, besiege
base
[צוּר] vb. shew hostility to, treat as foe
base
[צוּר] vb. fashion, delineate
base
H6696a צוּר confine, bind, besiege H6696b צוּר shew hostility to, treat as foe H6696c צוּר fashion, delineate
6696 tsuwr tsoor
a primitive root; to cramp, i.e. confine (in many
applications, literally and figuratively, formative or
hostile):--adversary, assault, beset, besiege, bind (up),
cast, distress, fashion, fortify, inclose, lay siege, put up
in bags.
צוּר (tsur) — to confine.
1) to bind, besiege, confine, cramp
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to confine, secure
1a2) to shut in, beseige
1a3) to shut up, enclose
צוּר (tsur) — to provoke.
(Qal) to show hostility to, be an adversary, treat as foe
צוּר (tsur) — to form.
(Qal) to form, fashion, delineate
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3mp — Verb · Qal · sequential imperfect third person masculine pluralHc/Vqw3mp
sej (matsor (De 28:52,53; 1Ki 15:27; 2Ki 25:2; Isa 29:3; Eze 4:2); "to be besieged," "to suffer siege," ba-matsor bo' (De 20:19; 2Ki 24:10; 25:2)):
1. In Early Hebrew History
2. In the Monarchy
3. Preliminaries to Siege
4. Siege Operations: Attack
(1) Investment of City
(2) Line of Circumvallation
(3) Mound, or Earthworks
(4) Battering-Rams
(5) Storming of Walls and Rushing of Breach
5. Siege Operations: Defense
6. Raising of Siege
7. Horrors of Siege and Capture
8. Siege in the New Testament
LITERATURE
→ An offer of peace must be made to the city before beginning a De 20:10-12
→ Conducted by erecting embankments parallel to the walls of the besieged city De 20:19,20; Isa 29:3; 37:33
→ Battering-rams used in
See BATTERING-RAMS
→ Distress of the inhabitants during a 2Ki 6:24-29; 25:3; Isa 9:20; 36:12; Jer 19:9
The Hebrew word עַל (*al*) is a preposition meaning 'upon' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including 'on account of,' 'beside,' 'above,' and 'against.' It can indicate physical placement, emotional burdens, or duties imposed on a person. The entries also note its use in idiomatic expressions and with verbs of motion. There is a mention of its function as a conjunction in certain contexts.
כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as
base
עַל, עָ֑ל
subst. height
As prep. upon, and hence on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against
Upon, of the substratum upon which an object in any way rests, or on which an action is performed
—
of clothing, etc., which any one wears
With verbs of covering or protecting, even though the cover or veil be not over or above the thing covered, but around or before it
Of what rests heavily upon a person, or is a burden to him
Of a duty, payment, care, etc., imposed upon a person, or devolving on him
על is used idiom. to give pathos to the expression of an emotion, by emphasizing the person who is its subject, and who, as it were, feels it acting upon him
חָיָה עַל to live upon (as upon a foundation or support)
H5921a עַל, עָ֑ל . As prep. upon, and hence on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against . Upon, of the substratum upon which an object in any way rests, or on which an action is performed . — . of clothing, etc., which any one wears
. With verbs of covering or protecting, even though the cover or veil be not over or above the thing covered, but around or before it
. Of what rests heavily upon a person, or is a burden to him
. Of a duty, payment, care, etc., imposed upon a person, or devolving on him
. על is used idiom. to give pathos to the expression of an emotion, by emphasizing the person who is its subject, and who, as it were, feels it acting upon him
. חָיָה עַל to live upon (as upon a foundation or support)
5921 `al al
properly, the same as 5920 used as a preposition (in the
singular or plural often with prefix, or as conjunction with a
particle following); above, over, upon, or against (yet always
in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great
variety of applications (as follow):--above, according
to(-ly), after, (as) against, among, and, X as, at, because
of, beside (the rest of), between, beyond the time, X both
and, by (reason of), X had the charge of, concerning for, in
(that), (forth, out) of, (from) (off), (up-)on, over, than,
through(-out), to, touching, X with.
see HEBREW for 05920
עַל (al) — upon.
prep
1) upon, on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against
1a) upon, on the ground of, on the basis of, on account of, because of, therefore, on behalf of, for the sake of, for, with, in spite of, notwithstanding, concerning, in the matter of, as regards
1b) above, beyond, over (of excess)
1c) above, over (of elevation or pre-eminence)
1d) upon, to, over to, unto, in addition to, together with, with (of addition)
1e) over (of suspension or extension)
1f) by, adjoining, next, at, over, around (of contiguity or proximity)
1g) down upon, upon, on, from, up upon, up to, towards, over towards, to, against (with verbs of motion)
1h) to (as a dative)
[כִּי] עַל [כֵּן] ([ki] al [ken]) — as.
conj
HR — PrepositionHR
On
Light; the sun, (Gen. 41:45, 50), the great seat of sun-worship, called also Bethshemesh (Jer. 43:13) and Aven (Ezek. 30:17), stood on the east bank of the Nile, a few miles north of Memphis, and near Cairo, in the north-east. The Vulgate and the LXX. Versions have “Heliopolis” (“city of the sun”) instead of On in Genesis and of Aven in Ezekiel. The “city of destruction” Isaiah speaks of (19:18, marg. “of Heres;” Heb. ‘Ir-ha-heres, which some MSS. read Ir-ha-heres, i.e., “city of the sun”) may be the name given to On, the prophecy being that the time will come when that city which was known as the “city of the sun-god” shall become the “city of destruction” of the sun-god, i.e., when idolatry shall cease, and the worship…
(abode or city of the sun), a town of lower Egypt, called BETH-SHEMESH in (Jeremiah 43:13) On is better known under its Greek name Heliopolis. It was situated on the east side of the Pelusiac branch of the Nile, just below the point of the Delta, and about twenty miles northeast of Memphis. The chief object of worship at Heliopolis was the sun, whose temple, described by Strabo, is now only represented by the single beautiful obelisk, of red granite so feet 2 inches high above the pedestal which has stood for more than 4000 years, having been erected by Usirtesen, the second king of the twelfth dynasty. Heliopolis was anciently famous for its learning, and Eudoxus and Plato studied under its priests. The first mention of this place in the Bible is in the history of Joseph, to whom we read Pharaoh gave "to wife Asenath the daughter…
See HELIOPOLIS.
pain; force; iniquity
תִּרְצָה (tir-tsah) refers to a name meaning 'favourable' and is associated with a woman from the tribe of Manasseh, the daughter of Zelophehad. It also denotes a Canaanite city that became the capital of the northern kingdom of Israel, conquered by Joshua. The word is built from the root meaning 'delightsomeness'.
תִּרְצָה n.pr.f. et loc. (pleasure, beauty)
f. daughter of Ṣelophehad of Gilead
loc. old Can. city
base
H8656 תִּרְצָה
8656 Tirtsah teer-tsaw'
from 7521; delightsomeness; Tirtsah, a place in Palestine;
also an Israelitess:--Tirzah.
see HEBREW for 07521
תִּרְצָה (tir.tsah) — Tirzah.
A woman of the tribe of Manasseh living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, first mentioned at Num.26.33;
daughter of: Zelophehad (H6765);
sister of: Mahlah (H4244), Noah (H5270), Hoglah (H2295) and Milcah (H4435H)
§ Tirzah = "favourable"
1) one of the 7 daughters of Zelophehad the son of Hepher of the tribe of Manasseh
2) one of the kingdoms on the west of the Jordan conquered by Joshua and the Israelites
3) a Canaanite city, later capital of the northern kingdom of Israel
תִּרְצָה (tir.tsah) — Tirzah.
§ Tirzah = "favourable"
one of the kingdoms on the west of the Jordan conquered by Joshua and the Israelites
a Canaanite city, later capital of the northern kingdom of Israel
N-proper — Noun properHNpl
tur'-za (tirtsah; Thersa):
(1) A royal city of the Canaanites, the king of which was slain by Joshua (12:24). It superseded Shechem as capital of the Northern Kingdom (1Ki 14:17, etc.), and itself gave place in turn to Samaria. Here reigned Jeroboam, Nadab his son, Baasha, Elah and Zimri (1Ki 15:21,33; 16:6,8,9,15). Baasha was buried in Tirzah. Here Elah was assassinated while "drinking himself drunk" in the house of his steward; here therefore probably he was buried. Zimri perished in the flames of his palace, rather than fall into Omri's hands. In Tirzah Menahem matured his rebellion against Shallum (2Ki 15:14). The place is mentioned in So 6:4 the King James Version…
an ancient Canaanite city, whose king is enumerated among those overthrown in the conquest of the country. (Joshua 12:24) It reappears as a royal city, the residence of Jeroboam and of his successors, (1 Kings 14:17,18) and as the seat of the conspiracy of Menahem ben-Gaddi against the wretched Shallum. (2 Kings 15:16) Its reputation for beauty throughout the country must have been widespread. It is in this sense that it is spoken of in the Song of Solomon. Eusebius mentions it in connection with Menahem, and identifies it with a "village of Samaritans in Batanea." Its site is Telluzah , a place in the mountains north of Nablus .
Pleasant, So 6:4, a city of the Canaanites, Jos 12:24, and afterwards of the tribe of Manasseh or Ephraism; and the royal seat of the kings of Israel from the time of Jeroboam to the reign of Omri, who built the city of Samaria, which then became the capital of this kingdom, 1Ki 15:21,33 16:6,23 2Ki 15:14,16. Its exact location is unknown.
benevolent; complaisant; pleasing
