1 Chronicles 2:49 — Word Study
WLCוַתֵּ֗לֶד שַׁ֚עַף אֲבִ֣י מַדְמַנָּ֔ה אֶת־ שְׁוָ֛א אֲבִ֥י מַכְבֵּנָ֖ה וַאֲבִ֣י גִבְעָ֑א וּבַת־ כָּלֵ֖ב עַכְסָֽה׃ ס
BSAShe was also the motheryâlad▸ [bearer, parent] of ShaaphShaʻaph [the father, ancestor] fatherʼâb of MadmannahMadmannâh [a town in Judah, a descendant of Caleb] and of ShevaShᵉvâʼ [Jehovah contends, a name] fatherʼâb of MachbenahMakbênâʼ△ [a person and a place in ancient Palestine] and GibeaGibʻâʼ△ [a man from the tribe of Judah] Caleb’sKâlêb [a faithful Israelite, son of Jephunneh] daughterbath [female child, woman] was AcsahʻAkçâh [having anklets, a woman's name]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| וַתֵּ֗לֶד | and she bore | Verb, Qal, sequential imperfect third person feminine singular |
| שַׁ֚עַף | Shaaph | Noun proper masculine |
| אֲבִ֣י | [the] father of | Noun common, masculine singular construct |
| מַדְמַנָּ֔ה | Madmannah | Noun proper masculine |
| אֶת־ | the object marker | Particle |
| שְׁוָ֛א | Sheva | Noun proper masculine |
| אֲבִ֥י | [the] father of | Noun common, masculine singular construct |
| מַכְבֵּנָ֖ה | Machbenah | Noun proper masculine |
| וַאֲבִ֣י | and [the] father of | Conjunction, noun common masculine singular construct |
| גִבְעָ֑א | Gibea | Noun proper masculine |
| וּבַת־ | and [was] [the] daughter of | Conjunction, noun common feminine singular construct |
| כָּלֵ֖ב | Caleb | Noun proper masculine |
| עַכְסָֽה׃ ס | Achsah | Noun proper feminine |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | She was also the mother of Shaaph father of Madmannah, and of Sheva father of Machbenah and Gibea. Caleb’s daughter was Acsah. |
| KJV | She bare also Shaaph the father of Madmannah, Sheva the father of Machbenah, and the father of Gibea: and the daughter of Caleb was Achsah. |
| ASV | She bare also Shaaph the father of Madmannah, Sheva the father of Machbena, and the father of Gibea; and the daughter of Caleb was Achsah. |
| YLT | and she beareth Shaaph father of Madmannah, Sheva father of Machbenah, and father of Gibea; and a daughter of Caleb [is] Achsa. |
| WEB | She bore also Shaaph the father of Madmannah, Sheva the father of Machbena and the father of Gibea; and the daughter of Caleb was Achsah. |
| BBE | And Shaaph, the father of Madmannah, Sheva, the father of Machbena and the father of Gibea; and Caleb's daughter was Achsah. These were the sons of Caleb. |
Translations agree on the identity of Achsah as Caleb's daughter, with no notable differences.
The sentence consists of a main clause followed by subordinate noun phrases detailing the relationships within Caleb's family.
5 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Ellicott & more — read them ›
clause
verbיָלַד
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
2 of 13 occur nowhere else in the Old Testament — words chosen on purpose.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — 1 Chronicles 2:49
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Descendants of Calebgenerated
1 Chronicles 2:49 details the lineage of Caleb, an important figure in Israel's history. This verse highlights his daughter Achsah and her brothers, Shaaph and Sheva, emphasizing their roles within the tribe of Judah. The genealogical context serves to establish the heritage of Caleb's descendants and their significance in the narrative of Israel's history.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1 Chronicles 2:42 | The sons of Caleb the brother of Jerahmeel: Mesha his firstborn, who was the father of Ziph, and Mareshah his second son, who was the father of Hebron. |
| 2 | Joshua 15:31 | Ziklag, Madmannah, Sansannah, |
| 3 | Isaiah 10:31 | Madmenah flees; the people of Gebim take refuge. |
| 4 | Joshua 15:57 | Kain, Gibeah, and Timnah—ten cities, along with their villages. |
| 5 | 2 Samuel 21:6 | let seven of his male descendants be delivered to us so that we may hang them before the LORD at Gibeah of Saul, the chosen of the LORD.” “I will give them to you,” said the king. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 5 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — עַכְסָה, 'akh.Sahgenerated
The Hebrew word עַכְסָה (*'akh.Sah*) means 'anklet' or 'ankle chain.' It refers specifically to Achsah, the daughter of Caleb, who is mentioned in the context of Israel's early history. The name reflects her familial connections within the tribe of Judah and denotes her identity as part of Caleb's lineage.
Achsah is noted for being married to Othniel, and her name signifies a connection to her family. The parsing indicates that she is a proper noun in the feminine singular form, highlighting her role as a significant female figure in the genealogy.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The finite verb וַתֵּ֗לֶד, and she bore, governs the sentence, with several noun phrases following it: the names of her children and their relationships. The structure emphasizes the lineage and familial connections, typical of genealogical records in Hebrew prose.
The sentence unfolds with a series of noun phrases detailing the relationships: שַׁ֚עַף אֲבִ֣י מַדְמַנָּ֔ה (Shaaph, father of Madmannah), שְׁוָ֛א אֲבִ֥י מַכְבֵּנָ֖ה (Sheva, father of Machbenah), and גִבְעָ֑א (Gibea). This structure highlights the importance of lineage.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates וַתֵּ֗לֶד as ἐγέννησεν, which means 'she bore.' This choice aligns closely with the Hebrew meaning, emphasizing the act of giving birth.
The Greek translation reflects the same familial relationships, maintaining the integrity of the genealogical record while adapting it for a Greek-speaking audience.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
1 Chronicles 2:49 tells us about Caleb's family, mentioning his daughter Achsah and her brothers, Shaaph and Sheva. This verse highlights their roles and connections within the tribe of Judah, showing the importance of Caleb's lineage.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
Achsah was Caleb's daughter, known for her connection to Othniel and her role in the lineage of the tribe of Judah.
The name Achsah means 'anklet' or 'ankle chain,' reflecting her identity as a significant female figure in Caleb's family.
Caleb's lineage is important as it highlights the heritage of the tribe of Judah and establishes connections to key figures in Israel's history.
The verse mentions Shaaph, the father of Madmannah, and Sheva, the father of Machbenah and Gibea, alongside Achsah.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What can we learn from the genealogies in the Bible about the importance of family and heritage?
- How does Achsah's story reflect the role of women in biblical genealogies?
- In what ways do the names mentioned in this verse connect to the broader narrative of Israel's history?
- How can we apply the lessons from Caleb's family to our understanding of faith and legacy?
Commentators on this verse — 5 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on 1 Chronicles 2:49 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleShe bare also Shaaph the father of Madmannah,.... Prince of a place so called, in the tribe of Judah, Joshua 15:31 Sheva the father of Machbenah, and the father of Gibeah; prince of two cities of
Read John Gill on 1 Chronicles 2 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryShe bare also Shaaph the father of Madmannah, Sheva the father of Machbenah, and the father of Gibea: She bare also Shaaph the father of Madmannah, Sheva the father of Machbenah, and the father of
Read Robert Jamieson on 1 Chronicles 2 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleMadmannah: this and divers other following names are the names of places in Judah, and father is meant as ,24.
Read Matthew Poole on 1 Chronicles 2 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(42-55) These verses revert to the Calebite stocks. Interpreted as merely bearing upon the extraction of individuals about whom, for the most part, nothing whatever is known beyond what these brief notices reveal, the section presents great difficulties. The key to it appears to be the assumption that it is an ancient record of the relations between certain great branches of the tribe of Judah, and their various settlements; in other words, these lists are tribal and topographical, rather than genealogical.
Read Charles John Ellicott on 1 Chronicles 2 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges49. the daughter of Caleb was Achsah] The Caleb of Jdg 1:12 (who according to Joshua 15:13-19 was Caleb son of Jephunneh) also had a daughter Achsah.
Read Cambridge on 1 Chronicles 2 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
She was also the mother of Shaaph father of Madmannah, and of Sheva father of Machbenah and Gibea. Caleb’s daughter was Acsah.
She bore also Shaaph the father of Madmannah, Sheva the father of Machbena and the father of Gibea; and the daughter of Caleb was Achsah.
She was also the mother of Shaaph father of Madmannah, and of Sheva father of Machbenah and Gibea. Caleb’s daughter was Acsah.
She also bore Shaaph the father of Madmannah and Sheva the father of Machbenah and Gibea. Caleb’s daughter was Achsah.
Tyndale line
She bare also Shaaph the father of Madmannah, Sheva the father of Machbenah, and the father of Gibea: and the daughter of Caleb was Achsah.
She bare also Shaaph the father of Madmannah, Sheva the father of Machbena, and the father of Gibea; and the daughter of Caleb was Achsah.
She bare also Shaaph the father of Madmannah, Sheva the father of Machbena, and the father of Gibea; and the daughter of Caleb was Achsah.
She bore also Shaaph the father of Madmannah, Sheva the father of Machbenah, and the father of Gibea: and the daughter of Caleb was Achsah.
She bare also Shaaph, the father of Madmannah, and Sheua the father of Machbenah, and the father of Gibea. And Achsah was Calebs daughter.
Strictly literal
and she bore Shaaph the father of Madmannah, Sheva the father of Machbena and the father of Gibea. And the daughter of Caleb was Achsah.
and she beareth Shaaph father of Madmannah, Sheva father of Machbenah, and father of Gibea; and a daughter of Caleb [is] Achsa.
and she bears Shaaph father of Madmannah, Sheva father of Machbenah, and father of Gibea; and a daughter of Caleb [is] Achsa.
She bore also !!Sha'aph the father of Madmannah. Sheva the father of Machbena, and the father of Gib'a: !!and the daughter of Caleb was 'Achsah.
She also bore Shaaph the father of Madmannah, Sheva the father of Makbenah and the father of Gibea. The daughter of Caleb was Aksah. These were the descendants of Caleb.
From the Latin
And Saaph the father of Madmena beget Sue the father of Machbena, and the father of Gabaa. And the daughter of Caleb was Achsa.
Simplified
She was also the mother of Shaaph, the father of Madmannah, and of Sheva, the father of Macbenah and Gibea. Caleb's daughter was Acsah.
And Shaaph, the father of Madmannah, Sheva, the father of Machbena and the father of Gibea; and Caleb's daughter was Achsah. These were the sons of Caleb.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint largely agree in their wording for this verse, with 11 of the 13 words matching. The differences are primarily in word order and grammatical structure, typical of translations between Hebrew and Greek.
וַתֵּ֗לֶד שַׁ֚עַף אֲבִ֣י מַדְמַנָּ֔ה אֶת־ שְׁוָ֛א אֲבִ֥י מַכְבֵּנָ֖ה וַאֲבִ֣י גִבְעָ֑א וּבַת־ כָּלֵ֖ב עַכְסָֽה׃ ס
11 of the 13 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in 1 Chronicles 2:49
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
The Hebrew word יָלַד (*yalad*) means to bear, bring forth, or beget, and it encompasses various forms of childbirth and lineage declaration. It can refer to both the act of giving birth and the role of a midwife. The entries also note its use in contexts of distress and wicked behavior, as well as in reference to birthdays.
יָלַד 497 vb. bear, bring forth, beget
Qal
bear, bring forth
less often beget
of both parents
Niph. be born
Pi. cause (or help) to bring forth, viz., assist or tend as midwife
Pu. be born
Hiph.
beget (a father a child)
bear
Hoph. day of one's being born = birthday
Hithp. declared their pedigree
base
H3205 יָלַד bear, bring forth, beget .. bear, bring forth
. less often beget
. of both parents
. be born
. cause (or help) to bring forth, viz., assist or tend as midwife
. be born
. . beget (a father a child)
. bear
. day of one's being born = birthday
. declared their pedigree
3205 yalad yaw-lad'
a primitive root; to bear young; causatively, to beget;
medically, to act as midwife; specifically, to show
lineage:--bear, beget, birth((-day)), born, (make to) bring
forth (children, young), bring up, calve, child, come, be
delivered (of a child), time of delivery, gender, hatch,
labour, (do the office of a) midwife, declare pedigrees, be
the son of, (woman in, woman that) travail(-eth, -ing woman).
יָלַד (ya.lad) — to beget.
1) to bear, bringforth, beget, gender, travail
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to bear, bring forth
1a1a) of child birth
1a1b) of distress (simile)
1a1c) of wicked (behaviour)
1a2) to beget
1b) (Niphal) to be born
1c) (Piel)
1c1) to cause or help to bring forth
1c2) to assist or tend as a midwife
1c3) midwife (participle)
1d) (Pual) to be born
1e) (Hiphil)
1e1) to beget (a child)
1e2) to bear (fig. -of wicked bringing forth iniquity)
1f) (Hophal) day of birth, birthday (infinitive)
1g) (Hithpael) to declare one's birth (pedigree)
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3fs — Verb · Qal · sequential imperfect third person feminine singularHc/Vqw3fs
bor: According to the Book of the Covenant (Ex 20:20-23:33) a slave whom his master had purchased was to be released after six years. Should he choose to remain in his master's service a religious ceremony was necessary to ratify his decision. "Then his master shall bring him unto God" (better than "unto the judges" of the King James Version), "and shall bring him to the door, or unto the doorpost; and his master shall bore his ear through with an awl" (Ex 21:6). It is highly improbable that "unto God" means "to a sanctuary"; for there was no special reason for performing this ceremony near the door of a sanctuary. On the other hand the entrance to a private house was a sacred spot. According to primitive thinking near the door dwelt the household gods whose function it was to…
שַׁ֫עַף (sha'aph) refers to a personal name, specifically Shaaph, who is noted as a man from the tribe of Judah. He is mentioned in the context of genealogies in 1 Chronicles, indicating his lineage as a son of Caleb and his relationships with other family members. The name is associated with the meaning "division."
שַׁ֫עַף n.pr.m. in clan of Caleb
base
H8174 שַׁ֫עַף
8174 Sha`aph shah'-af
from 5586; fluctuation; Shaaph, the name of two
Israelites:--Shaaph.
see HEBREW for 05586
שַׁ֫עַף (sha.aph) — Shaaph.
A man of the tribe of Judah living at the time of Divided Monarchy, only mentioned at 1Ch.2.47;
son of Caleb (H3612H) and Jahdai (H3056);
brother of: Regem (H7276), Jotham (H3147I), Geshan (H1529), Pelet (H6404) and Ephah (H5891I)
§ Shaaph = "division"
1) son of Jahdai of the family of Caleb, the brother of Jerahmeel
2) son of Caleb, the brother of Jerahmeel, by his concubine Maachah and father of Madmannah
שַׁ֫עַף (sha.aph) — Shaaph.
A man of the tribe of Judah living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, only mentioned at 1Ch.2.49;
son of: Caleb (H3612H) and Maacah (H4601L);
brother of: Sheber (H7669), Tirhanah (H8647) and Sheva (H7724);
half-brother of: Hur (H2354), Jesher (H3475), Shobab (H7727H), Ardon (H0715), Mareshah@1Ch.2.42 (H4337), Haran (H2771B), Moza (H4162), Gazez (H1495), Jahdai (H3056) and Achsah (H5915H)
§ Shaaph = "division"
N-proper — Noun proper masculineHNpm
(division). The son of Jahdai. (1 Chronicles 2:47) The son of Caleb the brother of Jerahmeel, by his concubine Maachah. (1 Chronicles 2:49) (B.C. after 1445.)
אָב (av) means 'father' and encompasses various roles such as the literal father of an individual, God as the father of His people, and the head of a household or clan. It can also refer to an ancestor, originator of a profession, or a figure of respect and protection. Notably, it can imply a ruler or chief in later contexts.
אָב 1101 n.m. father
father of individual
of God as father of his people
head of household, family or clan
ancestor
originator or patron of a class, profession, or art
fig. of producer, generator
fig. of benevolence & protection
term of respect & honor
specif., ruler, chief (late)
base
H1 אָב father . father of individual
. of God as father of his people
. head of household, family or clan
. ancestor
. originator or patron of a class, profession, or art
. fig. of producer, generator
. fig. of benevolence & protection
. term of respect & honor
. specif., ruler, chief (late)
1 'ab awb
a primitive word; father, in a literal and immediate, or
figurative and remote application):--chief,
(fore-)father(-less), X patrimony, principal. Compare names
in "Abi-".
אָב (av) — father.
1) father of an individual
2) of God as father of his people
3) head or founder of a household, group, family, or clan
4) ancestor
4a) grandfather, forefathers - of person
4b) of people
5) originator or patron of a class, profession, or art
6) of producer, generator (fig.)
7) of benevolence and protection (fig.)
8) term of respect and honour
9) ruler or chief (spec.)
Also means: av (אַב "father" H0002)
אָב (av) — (Huram)-abi.
A man living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ki.7.13; also called Huram-abi (KJV: "Huram my father's") at 2Ch.2.13; 4.16;
Combined with chi.ram (חִירָם "Hiram" H2438H)
אָב (av) — father of.
The father of Gibeon, also known as Abiel - a man of the tribe of Benjamin living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Sa.9.1;
son of: Zeror (H6872C); married to Maacah (H4601N);
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular constructHNcmsc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
מַדְמַנָּה (Madmannah) refers to a location in southern Judah and is associated with the meaning "dunghill." It is noted as a town and also as a descendant of Caleb, mentioned in 1 Chronicles 2:49. The word is built from a variation of another term, indicating its geographical and familial significance.
מַדְמַנָּה
n.pr.loc. city of southern Judah
n.pr.m. descendant of Caleb
base
H4089 מַדְמַנָּה
4089 Madmannah mad-man-naw'
a variation for 4087; Madmannah, a place in
Palestine:--Madmannah.
see HEBREW for 04087
מַדְמַנָּה (mad.man.nah) — Madmannah.
Madmannah = "dunghill"
one of the towns in the south district of Judah
Also named: bet ham.mar.ka.vot (בֵּית מַרְכָּבוֹת "Beth-marcaboth" H1024)
מַדְמַנָּה (mad.man.nah) — Madmannah.
A man of the tribe of Judah living at the time of Divided Monarchy, only mentioned at 1Ch.2.49;
son of: Shaaph (H8174H)
§ Madmannah = "dunghill"
1) a descendant of Caleb
2) one of the towns in the south district of Judah
N-proper — Noun proper masculineHNpm
mad-man'-a (madhmannah; Septuagint: Codex Vaticanus Macharim; Codex Alexandrinus Bedebena (Jos 15:31); Codex Vaticanus Marmena; Codex Alexandrinus Madmena (1Ch 2:49)): This town lay in the Negeb of Judah and is mentioned with Hormah and Ziklag. It is represented in Jos 19:5, etc., by Beth-marcaboth. Umm Deimneh, 12 miles North of Beersheba, has been proposed on etymological grounds (PEF, III, 392, 399, Sh XXIV).
Madmannah
Dunghill, the modern el-Minyay, 15 miles south-south-west of Gaza (Josh. 15:31; 1 Chr. 2:49), in the south of Judah. The Pal. Mem., however, suggest Umm Deimneh, 12 miles north-east of Beersheba, as the site.
(dunghill), one of the towns in the south district of Judah. (Joshua 15:31) In the time of Eusebius and Jerome it was called Menois, and was not far from Gaza. The first stage southward from Gaza is now el-Minyay , which is perhaps the modern representative of Menois, and therefore of Madmannah.
אֵת (eth) is primarily a grammatical marker in Hebrew, indicating the definite direct object of a verb. It is not translated into English and typically precedes nouns that are definite. The word is derived from a demonstrative sense of entity, related to the Hebrew word for 'self.' Its Aramaic equivalent is יָת (yat).
אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
base
H853 אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
853 'eth ayth
apparent contracted from 226 in the demonstrative sense of
entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more
definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or
namely):--(as such unrepresented in English).
see HEBREW for 0226
אֵת (et) — [Obj.].
sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative
Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)
HTo — ParticleHTo
The Hebrew word שְׁוָא (*sheva*) refers to a personal name, Sheva, which means 'Jehovah contends.' It denotes a man from the tribe of Judah, a son of Caleb and Maacah, and is mentioned in 1 Chronicles 2:49. Additionally, it refers to another individual from the time of David, who served as a secretary, also known as Shavsha or Sheya in different contexts.
שְׁוָא n.pr.m.
Calebite
secretary, David’s time
base
H7724 שְׁוָא
7724 Shva' shev-aw'
from the same as 7723; false; Sheva, an Israelite:--Sheva.
see HEBREW for 07723
שְׁוָא (she.va) — Sheva.
A man of the tribe of Judah living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, only mentioned at 1Ch.2.49;
son of: Caleb (H3612H) and Maacah (H4601L);
brother of: Sheber (H7669), Tirhanah (H8647) and Shaaph (H8174H);
half-brother of: Hur (H2354), Jesher (H3475), Shobab (H7727H), Ardon (H0715), Mareshah@1Ch.2.42 (H4337), Haran (H2771B), Moza (H4162), Gazez (H1495), Jahdai (H3056) and Achsah (H5915H);
father of: Machbenah (H4343) and Gibea (H1388)
§ Sheva = "Jehovah contends"
Judaite, son of Caleb by his concubine Maachah and grandson of Hezron
שְׁוָא (she.va) — Sheva.
A man living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Sa.8.17;
father of: Elihoreph (H0456) and Ahijah (H0281); also called Shavsha at 1Ch.18.16; Sheva(Ketiv: Sheya) at 2Sa.20.25; Shisha at 1Ki.4.3;
Another name of se.ra.yah (שְׂרָיָהוּ "Seraiah" H8304G)
N-proper — Noun proper masculineHNpm
she'-va (shewa'; Codex Vaticanus Saou; Codex Alexandrinus Saoul, Lucian, Soue):
(1) A son of Caleb by his concubine Maacah (1Ch 2:49).
(2) See SHAVSHA.
Sheva
Heb. Shebher. (1.) The son of Caleb (1 Chr. 2:49).
(2.) Heb. Sheva’, one of David’s scribes (2 Sam. 20:25).
(Jehovah contends). The scribe or royal secretary of David. (2 Samuel 20:26) He is called elsewhere MERAIAH, (2 Samuel 8:17) SHISHA, (1 Kings 4:3) And SHANSHA. (1 Chronicles 18:16) (B.C. 1015.) Son of Caleb ben-Hezron by his concubine Maachah. (1 Chronicles 2:49) (B.C. about 1445.)
vanity; elevation; fame; tumult
אָב (av) means 'father' and encompasses various roles such as the literal father of an individual, God as the father of His people, and the head of a household or clan. It can also refer to an ancestor, originator of a profession, or a figure of respect and protection. Notably, it can imply a ruler or chief in later contexts.
אָב 1101 n.m. father
father of individual
of God as father of his people
head of household, family or clan
ancestor
originator or patron of a class, profession, or art
fig. of producer, generator
fig. of benevolence & protection
term of respect & honor
specif., ruler, chief (late)
base
H1 אָב father . father of individual
. of God as father of his people
. head of household, family or clan
. ancestor
. originator or patron of a class, profession, or art
. fig. of producer, generator
. fig. of benevolence & protection
. term of respect & honor
. specif., ruler, chief (late)
1 'ab awb
a primitive word; father, in a literal and immediate, or
figurative and remote application):--chief,
(fore-)father(-less), X patrimony, principal. Compare names
in "Abi-".
אָב (av) — father.
1) father of an individual
2) of God as father of his people
3) head or founder of a household, group, family, or clan
4) ancestor
4a) grandfather, forefathers - of person
4b) of people
5) originator or patron of a class, profession, or art
6) of producer, generator (fig.)
7) of benevolence and protection (fig.)
8) term of respect and honour
9) ruler or chief (spec.)
Also means: av (אַב "father" H0002)
אָב (av) — (Huram)-abi.
A man living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ki.7.13; also called Huram-abi (KJV: "Huram my father's") at 2Ch.2.13; 4.16;
Combined with chi.ram (חִירָם "Hiram" H2438H)
אָב (av) — father of.
The father of Gibeon, also known as Abiel - a man of the tribe of Benjamin living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Sa.9.1;
son of: Zeror (H6872C); married to Maacah (H4601N);
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular constructHNcmsc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
מַכְבֵּנָה (Makbena') refers to a location in Palestine, specifically associated with a man from the tribe of Judah mentioned in 1 Chronicles 2:49. The name is linked to the root meaning 'knoll' and is noted to mean 'bond.' It is derived from a related Hebrew word.
מַכְבֵּנָה n.pr.loc. 1 Ch 2:49
ref
H4343 מַכְבֵּנָה, מַכְבֵּנָא
4343 Makbena' mak-bay-naw'
from the same as 3522; knoll; Macbena, a place in Palestine
settled by him:--Machbenah.
see HEBREW for 03522
מַכְבֵּנָה (makh.be.nah) — Machbenah.
A man of the tribe of Judah living at the time of Divided Monarchy, only mentioned at 1Ch.2.49;
son of: Sheva (H7724);
brother of: Gibea (H1388)
§ Machbenah = "bond"
son of Sheva and grandson of Caleb
N-proper — Noun proper masculineHNpm
(bond). Sheva, the father of Machbena, is named in the genealogical list of Judah as the offspring of Manchah, the concubine of Caleb ben-Hezron. (1 Chronicles 2:49)
Machbanai, poverty; the smiting of his son
אָב (av) means 'father' and encompasses various roles such as the literal father of an individual, God as the father of His people, and the head of a household or clan. It can also refer to an ancestor, originator of a profession, or a figure of respect and protection. Notably, it can imply a ruler or chief in later contexts.
אָב 1101 n.m. father
father of individual
of God as father of his people
head of household, family or clan
ancestor
originator or patron of a class, profession, or art
fig. of producer, generator
fig. of benevolence & protection
term of respect & honor
specif., ruler, chief (late)
base
H1 אָב father . father of individual
. of God as father of his people
. head of household, family or clan
. ancestor
. originator or patron of a class, profession, or art
. fig. of producer, generator
. fig. of benevolence & protection
. term of respect & honor
. specif., ruler, chief (late)
1 'ab awb
a primitive word; father, in a literal and immediate, or
figurative and remote application):--chief,
(fore-)father(-less), X patrimony, principal. Compare names
in "Abi-".
אָב (av) — father.
1) father of an individual
2) of God as father of his people
3) head or founder of a household, group, family, or clan
4) ancestor
4a) grandfather, forefathers - of person
4b) of people
5) originator or patron of a class, profession, or art
6) of producer, generator (fig.)
7) of benevolence and protection (fig.)
8) term of respect and honour
9) ruler or chief (spec.)
Also means: av (אַב "father" H0002)
אָב (av) — (Huram)-abi.
A man living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ki.7.13; also called Huram-abi (KJV: "Huram my father's") at 2Ch.2.13; 4.16;
Combined with chi.ram (חִירָם "Hiram" H2438H)
אָב (av) — father of.
The father of Gibeon, also known as Abiel - a man of the tribe of Benjamin living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Sa.9.1;
son of: Zeror (H6872C); married to Maacah (H4601N);
HC/Ncmsc — Conjunction · noun common masculine singular constructHC/Ncmsc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
גִּבְעָא (Gib`a') means 'hill' and refers to a place in Palestine known as Gibeah. It is also the name of a man from the tribe of Judah, mentioned in 1 Chronicles 2:49 as a son of Sheva and grandson of Caleb. The entries indicate that the word is built from the concept of a hill, with no significant disagreement among the lexicons.
גִּבְעָא n.pr.m. a son of Caleb 1 Ch 2:49.
done
H1388 גִּבְעָא
1388 Gib`a' ghib-aw'
by permutation for 1389; a hill; Giba, a place in
Palestine:--Gibeah.
see HEBREW for 01389
גִּבְעָא (giv.a) — Gibea.
A man of the tribe of Judah living at the time of Divided Monarchy, only mentioned at 1Ch.2.49;
son of: Sheva (H7724);
brother of: Machbenah (H4343)
§ Gibea = "hill"
son of Sheva and grandson of Caleb (a son of Caleb)
N-proper — Noun proper masculineHNpm
(a hill). Sheva "the father of Macbenah" and "father of Gibea" is mentioned with other names, unmistakably those of places and not persons, among the descendants of Judah. (1 Chronicles 2:49) comp. 1Chr 2:42 This would seem to point out Gibea.
→ A descendant of Judah 1Ch 2:49
בַּת (bat) means 'daughter' and encompasses a range of meanings including female child, young women, and even personifications of cities or inhabitants. It can also refer to villages in certain contexts. The word is derived from a root meaning 'to build' and is used in various figurative senses, such as 'branch' or 'apple of the eye.'
בַּת 587 n.f. daughter
daughter, female child
young women, women
with name of city, land, or people, poet. personif. of that city or inhabitants
pl. = villages, after name of city
in phrases denoting character, quality, etc.
ostrich
fig.
of vine = branch
as n. relat.
base
H1323 בַּת daughter . daughter, female child
. young women, women
. with name of city, land, or people, poet. personif. of that city or inhabitants
. pl. = villages, after name of city
. in phrases denoting character, quality, etc.
. ostrich
. fig.
. of vine = branch
. as n. relat.
1323 bath bath
from 1129 (as feminine of 1121); a daughter (used in the same
wide sense as other terms of relationship, literally and
figuratively):--apple (of the eye), branch, company, daughter,
X first, X old, + owl, town, village.
see HEBREW for 01129
see HEBREW for 01121
בַּת (bat) — daughter.
: daughter
1) daughter
1a) daughter, girl, adopted daughter, daughter-in-law, sister, granddaughters, female child, cousin
1a1) as polite address
1a2) as designation of women of a particular place
2) young women, women
1a3) as personification
1a4) daughter-villages
1a5) description of character
Also means: bat (בַּת ": village" H1323H)
בַּת (bat) — daughter: village.
: village
1) daughter
1a) daughter, girl, adopted daughter, daughter-in-law, sister, granddaughters, female child, cousin
1a1) as polite address
1a2) as designation of women of a particular place
2) young women, women
1a3) as personification
1a4) daughter-villages
1a5) description of character
בַּת (bat) — Bath (Shua).
A woman living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.38.2;
daughter of: Shua (H7770); married to Judah (H3063);
mother of: Er (H6147), Onan (H0209) and Shelah (H7956)
Conj | N-fs — Conjunction · noun common feminine singular constructHC/Ncfsc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
The Hebrew word כָּלֵב (*Kaleb*) refers to a personal name, specifically Caleb, the son of Jephunneh. He is noted as a faithful spy in the Old Testament who advocated for the capture of the Promised Land. The name is also associated with the meaning 'dog.' There are references to other individuals named Caleb, including a descendant of Hezron.
כָּלֵב n.pr.m. son of יְפֻנֶּה
base
H3612 כָּלֵב son of יְפֻנֶּה
3612 Kaleb kaw-labe'
perhaps a form of 3611, or else from the same root in the
sense of forcible; Caleb, the name of three
Israelites:--Caleb.
see HEBREW for 03611
כָּלֵב (ka.lev) — Caleb.
A man living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness and Israel before the Monarchy, first mentioned at Num.13.6;
son of: Jephunneh (H3312);
brother of: Kenaz (H7073I);
father of: Achsah (H5915), Iru (H5900), Elah (H0425J), Naam (H5277)
Also named: ka.lib.bo (כָּלִבִּי "Calebite" H3614)
§ Caleb = "dog"
1) the godly son of Jephunneh and the faithful spy who reported the Promised Land favourably and urged its capture
2) son of Hezron and grandson of Pharez and great grandson of Judah and the father of Hur and grandfather of Caleb the spy
כָּלֵב (ka.lev) — Caleb.
A man of the tribe of Judah living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, first mentioned at 1Ch.2.9;
son of: Hezron (H2696H);
brother of: Ram (H7410), Jerahmeel (H3396), Segub (H7687H) and Ashhur (H0806); married to Azubah (H5806H), Jerioth (H3408), Ephrathah (H0672), Ephah (H5891H) and Maacah…
N-proper — Noun proper masculineHNpm
ka'-leb (kalebh; in the light of the cognate Syriac and Arabic words, the meaning is not "dog," which is kelebh, in Hebrew, but "raging with canine madness"; Chaleb): As a person, Caleb, the son of Jephunneh, occurs in the story of the spies (Nu 13 ff). He represents the tribe of Judah as its prince (Nu 13:6; compare Nu 13:2). While the majority of the men sent out by Moses bring back evil report, Caleb and Hoshea, or Joshua, the son of Nun, are the only ones to counsel the invasion of the promised land (Nu 13:30; 14:6 ff). Accordingly, these two alone are permitted to survive (Nu 14:38; 32:12). Upon the conquest and distribution of the land by Joshua, Caleb reminds the…
Caleb
A dog. (1.) One of the three sons of Hezron of the tribe of Judah. He is also called Chelubai (1 Chr. 2:9). His descendants are enumerated (18-20, 42-49).
(2.) A “son of Hur, the firstborn of Ephratah” (1 Chr. 2:50). Some would read the whole passage thus: “These [i.e., the list in ver. 42-49] were the sons of Caleb. The sons of Hur, the firstborn of Ephratah, were Shobal, etc.” Thus Hur would be the name of the son and not the father of Caleb (ver. 19).
(3.) The son of Jephunneh (Num. 13:6; 32:12; Josh. 14:6, 14). He was one of those whom Moses sent to search the land in the second year after the Exodus. He was one of the family chiefs of the tribe of Judah. He…
(capable). According to (1 Chronicles 2:9,18,19,42,50) the son of Hezron the son of Pharez the son of Judah, and the father of Hur, and consequently grandfather of Caleb the spy. (B.C. about 1600.) Son of Jephunneh, one of the twelve spies sent by Moses to Canaan. (Numbers 13:6) (B.C. 1490.) He and Oshea or Joshua the son of Nun were the only two of the whole number who encouraged the people to enter in boldly to the land and take possession of it. Fortyfive years afterwards Caleb came to Joshua and claimed possession of the land of the Anakim, Kirjath-arba or Hebron, and the neighboring hill country. Josh 14. This was immediately granted to him, and the following chapter relates how he took possession of Hebron, driving out the three sons of Anak; and how he offered Achsah his…
1. Son of Jephunneh, of the tribe of Judah, who was sent, with one man from each of the other tribes, to search out the promised land, Nu 13:1-14:45. Of all the twelve, Caleb and Joshua acted the part of true and faithful men; and they only, of all the grown men of Israel, were permitted to enter Canaan, Nu 14:6-24,38 26:65. He was one of the princes appointed to divide the conquered territory among the tribes, Nu 34:19. Hebron was given to him as a reward of his fidelity, according to the promise of God, De 1:36 Jos 14:1-15. Though eighty-five years old, he still retained his vigor, and soon drove out the Anakim from…
עַכְסָה (Akcah) is a feminine noun meaning 'anklet' or 'ankle chain.' It refers specifically to Achsah, the daughter of Caleb, who is mentioned in the context of Israel's early history, particularly in Joshua 15:16 and 1 Chronicles 2:49. Achsah is noted for being married to Othniel, and her name is linked to her familial connections within the tribe of Judah.
עַכְסָה n.pr.f. daughter of Caleb
base
H5915 עַכְסָה
5915 `Akcah ak-saw'
feminine of 5914; anklet; Aksah, an Israelitess:--Achsah.
see HEBREW for 05914
עַכְסָה (akh.sah) — Achsah.
A woman living before Israel's Monarchy, first mentioned at Jos.15.16;
daughter of: Caleb (H3612);
sister of: Iru (H5900), Elah (H0425J) and Naam (H5277); married to Othniel (H6274)
§ Achsah = "ankle chain" or "anklet"
the daughter of Caleb and wife of Caleb's brother Othniel to whom she was given as a reward for capturing Debir
עַכְסָה (akh.sah) — Achsah.
A woman of the tribe of Judah living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, only mentioned at 1Ch.2.49;
daughter of: Caleb (H3612H);
sister of: Hur (H2354), Jesher (H3475), Shobab (H7727H), Ardon (H0715), Mareshah@1Ch.2.42 (H4337), Haran (H2771B), Moza (H4162), Gazez (H1495), Jahdai (H3056), Sheber (H7669), Tirhanah (H8647), Shaaph (H8174H) and Sheva (H7724)
§ Achsah = "ankle chain" or "anklet"
N-proper — Noun proper feminineHNpf
ak'-sa (`akhchah; in some copies `akhca' in 1Ch 2:49), ("anklet"): The daughter of Caleb whom he gave in marriage to his younger kinsman Othniel the son of Kenaz, as a reward for smiting Kiriath-sepher (Jos 15:16 ff; Jud 1:12 ff). Caleb, the narrative says, established Achsah in the South-country, and in addition, at her asking, gave her certain important springs of water--the "upper basins" and the "nether basins." Professor G. F. Moore identifies these with the groups of springs in Seit ed-Dilbeh (notes on Jud in Polychrome Bible).
Willis J. Beecher
Achsah
Anklet, Caleb’s only daughter (1 Chr. 2:49). She was offered in marriage to the man who would lead an attack on the city of Debir, or Kirjath-sepher. This was done by Othniel (q.v.), who accordingly obtained her as his wife (Josh. 15:16-19; Judg. 1:9-15).
(ankle-chain, anklet), daughter of Caleb. Her father promised her in marriage to whoever should take Debir. Othniel, her father’s younger brother, took that city, and accordingly received the hand of Achsah as his reward. Caleb added to her dowry the upper and lower springs. (B.C. 1450-1426.) (Joshua 15:15-19; Judges 1:11-15)