1 Chronicles 12:3 — Word Study
WLCהָרֹ֨אשׁ אֲחִיעֶ֜זֶר וְיוֹאָ֗שׁ בְּנֵי֙ הַשְּׁמָעָ֣ה הַגִּבְעָתִ֔י וִיזִיאֵ֥ל וָפֶ֖לֶט בְּנֵ֣י עַזְמָ֑וֶת וּבְרָכָ֕ה וְיֵה֖וּא הָעֲנְּתֹתִֽי׃
BSAAhiezerʼĂchîyʻezer [their leader, chief] their chiefrôʼsh and JoashYôwʼâsh [given by the Lord] [who were] the sonsbên [descendants, offspring] of ShemaahShᵉmâʻâh△ [a Benjamite, father of Ahiezer and Joash] the GibeathiteGibʻâthîy△ [from Gibeah, a city in the hill country] JezielYᵉzavʼêl△ [the assembly of God, a Benjamite warrior] and PeletPeleṭ [a descendant of Caleb, a mighty warrior] the sonsbên [descendants, offspring] of AzmavethʻAzmâveth [strong unto death, a place in Palestine] BeracahBᵉrâkâh [a valley of blessing, a place of thanksgiving] JehuYêhûwʼ [the Lord is He, a name of several Israelites] the AnathothiteʻAnthôthîy [from Anathoth, a city near Jerusalem]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| הָרֹ֨אשׁ | the chief | Particle, noun common masculine singular absolute |
| אֲחִיעֶ֜זֶר | Ahiezer | Noun proper masculine |
| וְיוֹאָ֗שׁ | and Joash | Conjunction, noun proper masculine |
| בְּנֵי֙ | [the] sons of | Noun common, masculine plural construct |
| הַשְּׁמָעָ֣ה | the Shemaahite | Particle, noun gentilic masculine singular absolute |
| הַגִּבְעָתִ֔י | the Gibeathite | Particle, noun gentilic masculine singular absolute |
| וִיזִיאֵ֥ל | and Jeziel | Conjunction, noun proper masculine |
| וָפֶ֖לֶט | and Pelet | Conjunction, noun proper masculine |
| בְּנֵ֣י | [the] sons of | Noun common, masculine plural construct |
| עַזְמָ֑וֶת | Azmaveth | Noun proper masculine |
| וּבְרָכָ֕ה | and Berachah | Conjunction, noun proper masculine |
| וְיֵה֖וּא | and Jehu | Conjunction, noun proper masculine |
| הָעֲנְּתֹתִֽי׃ | the Anathothite | Particle, noun gentilic masculine singular absolute |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | Ahiezer their chief and Joash, who were the sons of Shemaah the Gibeathite; Jeziel and Pelet, the sons of Azmaveth; Beracah; Jehu the Anathothite; |
| KJV | The chief was Ahiezer, then Joash, the sons of Shemaah the Gibeathite; and Jeziel, and Pelet, the sons of Azmaveth; and Berachah, and Jehu the Antothite, |
| ASV | The chief was Ahiezer; then Joash, the sons of Shemaah the Gibeathite, and Jeziel, and Pelet, the sons of Azmaveth, and Beracah, and Jehu the Anathothite, |
| YLT | The head [is] Ahiezer, and Joash, sons of Shemaab the Gibeathite, and Jeziel, and Pelet, sons of Azmaveth, and Berachah, and Jehu the Antothite, |
| WEB | The chief was Ahiezer, then Joash, the sons of Shemaah the Gibeathite; Jeziel and Pelet, the sons of Azmaveth; Beracah; Jehu the Anathothite; |
| BBE | Ahiezer was their chief, then Joash, the sons of Shemaah the Gibeathite; and Jeziel and Pelet, the sons of Azmaveth; and Beracah and Jehu the Anathothite; |
Where they part company is הָרֹ֨אשׁ — see How Translations Differ.
The structure is primarily a list of names with a main clause introducing the leaders, followed by subordinate clauses that provide additional context about their lineage and roles.
4 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Ellicott, Cambridge & more — read them ›
clause
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
3 of 13 occur nowhere else in the Old Testament — words chosen on purpose.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — 1 Chronicles 12:3
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Mighty Warriors of Davidgenerated
1 Chronicles 12:3 introduces key figures among David's mighty warriors, emphasizing their lineage and significance in the context of Israel's history. This verse highlights the strength and loyalty of these individuals, who played crucial roles in supporting David during his reign. The mention of their ancestry connects them to the broader narrative of Israel's leadership and military history.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1 Samuel 11:4 | When the messengers came to Gibeah of Saul and relayed these words in the hearing of the people, they all wept aloud. |
| 2 | 2 Samuel 21:6 | let seven of his male descendants be delivered to us so that we may hang them before the LORD at Gibeah of Saul, the chosen of the LORD.” “I will give them to you,” said the king. |
| 3 | 1 Chronicles 11:33 | Azmaveth the Baharumite, Eliahba the Shaalbonite, |
| 4 | 1 Chronicles 11:28 | Ira son of Ikkesh the Tekoite, Abiezer the Anathothite, |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 4 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — הָרֹ֨אשׁ, ha.Roshgenerated
The word רֹאשׁ (ro'sh) means 'head' and signifies a position of authority or leadership. It is often used to describe chiefs or leaders in various contexts throughout the Bible, such as in military or tribal settings. In this verse, it identifies Ahiezer as the chief among the listed warriors.
The parsing as a masculine singular noun indicates that it refers specifically to a single leader, emphasizing Ahiezer's role as a prominent figure among David's supporters. This word also carries implications of rank and importance in the social structure of ancient Israel.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The structure of the verse features a primary noun phrase that identifies the subject, followed by a series of additional noun phrases that list the warriors and their relationships. The finite verb is implicit, as the verse serves primarily as a catalog of names and titles.
The order of the names reflects their importance, with Ahiezer and Joash mentioned first as leaders, followed by their lineage and the other warriors. This arrangement emphasizes the hierarchy and relationships among these figures.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates הָרֹ֨אשׁ as ἄρξων, meaning 'ruler' or 'chief'. This choice highlights the authoritative role of Ahiezer within the context of David's warriors, aligning with the Hebrew meaning while also conveying a sense of governance.
This translation choice suggests a broader interpretation of leadership, emphasizing not just military command but also a role in the governance of the people.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
1 Chronicles 12:3 lists important warriors who supported King David, including Ahiezer, Joash, Jeziel, and Pelet. Each name is connected to their lineage, showing their roles as leaders and warriors from the tribe of Benjamin, highlighting their loyalty and strength.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
The verse mentions Ahiezer, Joash, Jeziel, Pelet, Beracah, and Jehu, all of whom were notable warriors supporting David.
Ahiezer means 'my brother is help' and refers to a chief among the warriors of David.
These names represent the strength and loyalty of David's supporters, highlighting the importance of their roles in his military successes.
These warriors are from the tribe of Benjamin, known for their skilled fighters and support of David.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What qualities do you think made these warriors loyal to David?
- How can understanding the lineage of these warriors enhance our appreciation of their contributions?
- In what ways can we demonstrate loyalty and support to leaders in our own communities?
- What lessons can we learn from the lives of these mighty warriors in our own spiritual journeys?
Commentators on this verse — 4 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on 1 Chronicles 12:3 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleThe chief was Ahiezer, then Joash, the sons of Shemaah the Gibeathite,.... Who was of Gibeah, in the tribe of Benjamin, sometimes called Gibeah of Benjamin, and of Saul, it being his birthplace, see
Read John Gill on 1 Chronicles 12 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryThe chief was Ahiezer, then Joash, the sons of Shemaah the Gibeathite; and Jeziel, and Pelet, the sons of Azmaveth; and Berachah, and Jehu the Antothite, No JFB commentary on this verse.
Read Robert Jamieson on 1 Chronicles 12 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(3) The chief was Ahiezer.—Captain of the band. Heb., head.Shemaah.—Heb., Hashshemaah.The Gibeathite.—Of “Gibeah of Saul,” between Ramah and Anathoth (Isaiah 10:29); also called “Gibeah of Benjamin” (1 Chronicles 11:31; Judges 20:4). Jeziel.—So Hebrew margin; Hebrew text, Jezûel. (Comp. Peniel and Penuel.) Azmaveth.—Perhaps the warrior of Bahurim (1 Chronicles 11:33). Jehu the Antothite—of Anathoth, now Anâta (1 Chronicles 11:28).
Read Charles John Ellicott on 1 Chronicles 12 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges3. The chief was A., then J.] Read (cp. LXX.) A. the chief, J. the son (sing.) of Shemaah. Jehu the Antothite] R.V. the Anathothite, i.e. man of Anathoth. See 1 Chronicles 11:28, note.
Read Cambridge on 1 Chronicles 12 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
Ahiezer their chief and Joash, who were the sons of Shemaah the Gibeathite; Jeziel and Pelet, the sons of Azmaveth; Beracah; Jehu the Anathothite;
The chief was Ahiezer, then Joash, the sons of Shemaah the Gibeathite; Jeziel and Pelet, the sons of Azmaveth; Beracah; Jehu the Anathothite;
Ahiezer their chief and Joash, who were the sons of Shemaah the Gibeathite; Jeziel and Pelet, the sons of Azmaveth; Beracah; Jehu the Anathothite;
Ahiezer, the leader, and Joash, the sons of Shemaah the Gibeathite; Jeziel and Pelet, the sons of Azmaveth; Berachah, Jehu the Anathothite,
Tyndale line
The chief was Ahiezer, then Joash, the sons of Shemaah the Gibeathite; and Jeziel, and Pelet, the sons of Azmaveth; and Berachah, and Jehu the Antothite,
The chief was Ahiezer; then Joash, the sons of Shemaah the Gibeathite, and Jeziel, and Pelet, the sons of Azmaveth, and Beracah, and Jehu the Anathothite,
The chief was Ahiezer, then Joash, the sons of Shemaah the Gibeathite; and Jeziel, and Pelet, the sons of Azmaveth; and Beracah, and Jehu the Anathothite;
The chief was Ahiezer, then Joash, the sons of Shemaah the Gibeathite; and Jeziel, and Pelet, the sons of Azmaveth; and Berachah, and Jehu the Antothite,
The chiefe were Ahiezer, and Ioash the sonnes of Shemaah a Gibeathite, and Ieziel, and Pelet the sonnes of Asinaueth, Berachah and Iehu the Antothite,
Strictly literal
the chief Ahiezer, and Joash, the sons of Shemaah the Gibeathite; and Jeziel, and Pelet, the sons of Azmaveth; and Berachah, and Jehu the Anathothite,
The head [is] Ahiezer, and Joash, sons of Shemaab the Gibeathite, and Jeziel, and Pelet, sons of Azmaveth, and Berachah, and Jehu the Antothite,
The head [is] Ahiezer, and Joash, sons of Shemaab the Gibeathite, and Jeziel, and Pelet, sons of Azmaveth, and Berachah, and Jehu the Antothite,
The chiefs were Achi'ezer, then Joash, the sons of Hashema'ab the Gib'athite; and Jeziel, and Pelet, the sons of 'Azmaveth; and Berachah, and Jehu the 'Anthothite,
The chief was Ahiezer, then Joash, both sons of Shemaah the Gibeathite. There were Jeziel and Pelet, sons of Azmaveth. There were also Berakah, Jehu the Anathothite,
From the Latin
The chief was Ahiezer, and Joas, the sons of Samaa of Gabaath, and Jaziel, and Phallet the sons of Azmoth, and Beracha, and Jehu an Anathothite.
Simplified
Ahiezer was their leader, then Joash; the sons of Shemaah the Gibeathite; Jeziel and Pelet the sons of Azmaveth; Beracah; Jehu the Anathothite;
Ahiezer was their chief, then Joash, the sons of Shemaah the Gibeathite; and Jeziel and Pelet, the sons of Azmaveth; and Beracah and Jehu the Anathothite;
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint agree on the wording of this verse, with all 13 words matched in the Hebrew and Greek translations. This consistency indicates a shared understanding of these key figures in David's military history.
הָרֹ֨אשׁ אֲחִיעֶ֜זֶר וְיוֹאָ֗שׁ בְּנֵי֙ הַשְּׁמָעָ֣ה הַגִּבְעָתִ֔י וִיזִיאֵ֥ל וָפֶ֖לֶט בְּנֵ֣י עַזְמָ֑וֶת וּבְרָכָ֕ה וְיֵה֖וּא הָעֲנְּתֹתִֽי׃
13 of the 13 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in 1 Chronicles 12:3
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
רֹאשׁ (ro'sh) means 'head' and encompasses various meanings related to position and rank. It can refer to the head of a person or animal, the top of a mountain, or a chief in various contexts, such as a city or nation. The word also signifies beginnings and sums, appearing in phrases related to enumeration. Additionally, it serves as a proper noun for 'Rosh,' a title for a chief or prince.
רֹאשׁ 599 n.m.
(c. 230 t.) head, of human being
head, of animals
top (88 t.)
height, of stars
head = chief (man)
= chief (city)
chief nation
= chief (place, position)
= chief priest
= head of a family
head = front, leader's place
of time, beginning, of night watch
of things, river-heads
chief, choicest, best, of spices
head = division of army, company, band
= sum, esp. in phr. take sum of, enumerate
other phr.
base
רֹאשׁ n.pr.gent. Rôsh
base
H7218a רֹאשׁ . . (c. 230 t.) head, of human being
. head, of animals
. . top (88 t.)
. height, of stars
. . head = chief (man)
. = chief (city)
. chief nation
. = chief (place, position)
. = chief priest
. = head of a family
. . head = front, leader's place
. of time, beginning, of night watch
. of things, river-heads
. chief, choicest, best, of spices
. head = division of army, company, band
. = sum, esp. in phr. take sum of, enumerate
. other phr.
H7218b רֹאשׁ n. pr. gent. Rôsh
7218 ro'sh roshe
from an unused root apparently meaning to shake; the head (as
most easily shaken), whether literal or figurative (in many
applications, of place, time, rank, itc.):--band, beginning,
captain, chapiter, chief(-est place, man, things), company,
end, X every (man), excellent, first, forefront, ((be-))head,
height, (on) high(-est part, (priest)), X lead, X poor,
principal, ruler, sum, top.
רֹאשׁ (rosh) — head.
: head
1) head, top, summit, upper part, chief, total, sum, height, front, beginning
1a) head (of man, animals)
1b) top, tip (of mountain)
1c) height (of stars)
1d) chief, head (of man, city, nation, place, family, priest)
1e) head, front, beginning
1f) chief, choicest, best
1g) head, division, company, band
1h) sum
רֹאשׁ (rosh) — prince.
Rosh, a tite for a chief or prince
רֹאשׁ (rosh) — head: leader.
: leader
1) head, top, summit, upper part, chief, total, sum, height, front, beginning
1a) head (of man, animals)
1b) top, tip (of mountain)
1c) height (of stars)
1d) chief, head (of man, city, nation, place, family, priest)
1e) head, front, beginning
1f) chief, choicest, best
1g) head, division, company, band
1h) sum
רֹאשׁ (rosh) — head: top.
: top/best
1) head, top, summit, upper part, chief, total, sum, height, front, beginning
1a) head (of man, animals)
Art | N-ms — Particle · noun common masculine singular absoluteHTd/Ncmsa
chef: The English word is in the King James Version of Old Testament the translation of some 17 different Hebrew words, most frequently of ro'sh, "head," sar, "prince," and re'shith, "beginning." The principal changes made by the Revised Version (British and American) are:
(1) Hebrew beth'abh, "house of a father," being recognized as a technical term denoting a subdivision of a tribe, ro'sh is rendered literally "head," when it occurs in connection with this phrase, so that "chief fathers" (Num 31:26) and "chief of the fathers" (Ezr 1:5) become "heads of fathers' houses";
(2) Hebrew naghidh and nasi' are more accurately translated "prince" in such passages as 1Ch 5:2; Nu 3:32;
The Hebrew word אֲחִיעֶ֫זֶר (*Achiy'ezer*) means 'my brother is help' and refers to two individuals in the Old Testament. Both were chiefs of the tribe of Dan, one assisting Moses and the other being noted among David's heroes. The name is built from the words for 'brother' and 'help'.
אֲחִיעֶ֫זֶר n.pr.m. (my brother is help)
chief of Dan
one of David’s heroes
base
H295 אֲחִיעֶ֫זֶר
295 'Achiy`ezer akh-ee-eh'-zer
from 251 and 5828; brother of help; Achiezer, the name of two
Israelites:--Ahiezer.
see HEBREW for 0251
see HEBREW for 05828
אֲחִיעֶ֫זֶר (a.chi.e.zer) — Ahiezer.
A man living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, first mentioned at Num.1.12;
son of: Ammishaddai (H5996)
§ Ahiezer = "my brother is help"
1) a Danite chief who assisted Moses
2) a Danite chief, one of David's heroes
אֲחִיעֶ֫זֶר (a.chi.e.zer) — Ahiezer.
A man living at the time of Divided Monarchy, only mentioned at 1Ch.12.3;
son of: Shemaah (H8094);
brother of: Joash (H3101L)
§ Ahiezer = "my brother is help"
1) a Danite chief who assisted Moses
2) a Danite chief, one of David's heroes
N-proper — Noun proper masculineHNpm
Ahiezer
Brother of help; i.e., “helpful.” (1.) The chief of the tribe of Dan at the time of the Exodus (Num. 1:12; 2:25; 10:25).
(2.) The chief of the Benjamite slingers that repaired to David at Ziklag (1 Chr. 12:3).
(brother of help). Son of Ammishaddai, hereditary chieftain of the tribe of Dan. (Numbers 1:12; 2:25; 7:66) (B.C. 1490). The Benjamite chief of a body of archers in the time of David. (1 Chronicles 12:3) (B.C. 1050.)
brother of assistance
The Hebrew word יוֹאָשׁ (*yo'ash*) refers to Joash, a name associated with several figures in the Old Testament. It is derived from a root meaning 'given by the Lord.' Notably, it identifies the 8th king of Judah, the 12th king of Israel, and the father of Gideon, among others. The entries consistently highlight these connections without significant disagreement.
יְהוֹאָשׁ, יוֹאָשׁ n.pr.m. (י׳ is strong)
king of Judah, son of Ahaziah
king of Israel, son of Jehoahaz
father of Gideon
a prince of Ahab’s house
one of David’s heroes
a Judaite prince
base
H3101 יְהוֹאָשׁ, יוֹאָשׁ
3101 Yow'ash yo-awsh'
or Yoash (2 Chron. 24:1) {yo-awsh'}; a form of 3060; Joash,
the name of six Israelites:--Joash.
see HEBREW for 03060
יוֹאָשׁ (yo.ash) — Joash.
A man living before Israel's Monarchy, first mentioned at Jdg.6.11;
father of: Gideon (H1439)
§ Joash = "given by the Lord"
1) son of king Ahaziah and the 8th king of Judah
2) son of king Jehoahaz and the 12th king of the northern kingdom of Israel
3) father of Gideon
4) a son of king Ahab
5) a descendant of Shelah the son of Judah; either the son of Shelah or the son of Jokim
6) son of Shemaah of Gibeah who resorted to David at Ziklag
יוֹאָשׁ (yo.ash) — Joash.
A man of the Kingdom of Israel, living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ki.22.26;
son of: Ahab (H0256);
brother of: Ahaziah (H0274), Joram (H3141H) and Athaliah (H6271)
§ Joash = "given by the Lord"
1) son of king Ahaziah and the 8th king of Judah
2) son of king Jehoahaz and the 12th king of the northern kingdom of Israel
3) father of Gideon
4) a son of king Ahab
Conj | N-proper — Conjunction · noun proper masculineHC/Npm
Joash
Whom Jehovah bestowed. (1.) A contracted form of Jehoash, the father of Gideon (Judg. 6:11, 29; 8:13, 29, 32).
(2.) One of the Benjamite archers who joined David at Ziklag (1 Chr. 12:3).
(3.) One of King Ahab’s sons (1 Kings 22:26).
(4.) King of Judah (2 Kings 11:2; 12:19, 20). (See JEHOASH [1].)
(5.) King of Israel (2 Kings 13:9, 12, 13, 25). (See JEHOASH [2].)
(6.) 1 Chr. 7:8.
(7.) One who had charge of the royal stores of oil under David and Solomon (1 Chr. 27:28).
(to whom Jehovah hastens, i.e. to help), contracted from JEHOASH. Son of Ahaziah king of Judah (B.C. 884), and the only one of his children who escaped the murderous hand of Athaliah. After his father’s sister Jehoshabeath, the wife of Jehoiada the high priest, had stolen him from among the king’s sons, he was hidden for six years in the chambers of the temple. In the seventh year of his age and of his concealment, a successful revolution, conducted by Jehoiada, placed him on the throne of his ancestors, and freed the country from the tyranny and idolatries of Athaliah. For at least twenty-three years, while Jehoiada lived, his reign was very prosperous; but after the death of Jehoiada, Joash fell into the hands of bad advisers, at whose suggestion he revived the worship of Baal and Ashtaroth. When he was rebuked for this by Zechariah, the son of Jehoiada, Joash caused him to be stoned…
who despairs or burns
1. Son of Becher 1Ch 7:8
2. Keeper of the stores of oil 1Ch 27:28
3. Father of Gideon Jud 6:11,29,31; 7:14; 8:13,29-32
5. Also called JEHOASH
→ (Son of Ahaziah and king of Judah)
Saved from his grandmother by Jehosheba, his aunt, and hidden for six years 2Ki 11:1-3; 2Ch 22:11,12
Anointed king by the priest, Jehoiada 2Ki 11:12-21; 2Ch 23
בֵּן (ben) means 'son' or 'male child' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including descendants, young animals, and even figurative uses like sparks or arrows. It can refer to members of a tribe or class and is used in various contexts throughout the Old Testament, such as in 1 Chronicles 24:26. The word is derived from a root meaning 'to build' and implies a connection to family or lineage.
בֵּן 4870 n.m. son
son, male child, born of a woman
children (male and female)
youth, young men
the young of animals
of plant shoots
fig. of lifeless things, sparks, stars, arrows
member of a guild, order or class
of animals son of (the) herd
ב׳ as n. relat. followed by word of quality, characteristic, etc.
n. relat. of age
base
בְּנוֹ 1 Ch 24:26, 27 as n.pr.m. in AV, RV, but render: the sons of Jaaziah his son, & the sons of Merari by Jaaziah his son, cf. VB & Be Öt.
done
H1121a בֵּן son . son, male child, born of a woman
. children (male and female)
. youth, young men
. the young of animals
. of plant shoots
. fig. of lifeless things, sparks, stars, arrows
. . member of a guild, order or class
. of animals son of (the) herd
. ב׳ as n. relat. followed by word of quality, characteristic, etc.
. n. relat. of age
H1121b בְּנוֹ as n. pr. m. in AV, RV, but render: the sons of Jaaziah his son, & the sons of Merari by Jaaziah his son
1121 ben bane
from 1129; a son (as a builder of the family name), in the
widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship,
including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition,
etc., (like 1, 251, etc.)):--+ afflicted, age, (Ahoh-)
(Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-)ite, (anoint-)ed one, appointed to,
(+) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-)ian, one born,
bough, branch, breed, + (young) bullock, + (young) calf, X
came up in, child, colt, X common, X corn, daughter, X of
first, + firstborn, foal, + very fruitful, + postage, X in, +
kid, + lamb, (+) man, meet, + mighty, + nephew, old, (+)
people, + rebel, + robber, X servant born, X soldier, son, +
spark, + steward, + stranger, X surely, them of, + tumultuous
one, + valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth.
see HEBREW for 01129
see HEBREW for 01
see HEBREW for 0251
בֵּן (ben) — son: child.
: child/son
בְּנוֹ (be.no) — Beno.
A man of the tribe of Levi living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ch.24.26;
son of: Jaaziah (H3269);
brother of: Shoham (H7719), Zaccur (H2139I) and Ibri (H5681)
§ Beno = "his son"
the sons of Jaaziah and the sons of Merari by Jaahziah (his son)
בֵּן (ben) — son: descendant/people.
: descendant, people, tribe, nation
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
§ : child/son
בֵּן (ben) — son: young animal.
: calf/lamb/young(ANIMAL)
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
§ : descendant
בֵּן (ben) — son: type of.
: rebel/son(Belial)
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
§ : people/men/nation/tribe
בֵּן (ben) — son.
: [inheriting]son/heir
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
בֵּן (ben) — son: warrior.
: warrior/son(strong)
N-mp — Noun common · masculine plural constructHNcmpc
See SON, SONS.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
שְׁמָעָה (Shma`ah) refers to a personal name, specifically a Benjamite mentioned in 1 Chronicles 12:3. He is noted as the father of two warriors, Ahiezer and Joash, who supported David. The name is associated with the meaning 'the rumour'.
שְׁמָעָה n.pr.m. c. art. 1 Ch 12:3
ref
H8094 שְׁמָעָה
8094 Shma`ah shem-aw-aw'
for 8093; Shemaah, an Israelite:--Shemaah.
see HEBREW for 08093
שְׁמָעָה (she.ma.ah) — Shemaah.
A man living at the time of Divided Monarchy, only mentioned at 1Ch.12.3;
father of: Ahiezer (H0295H), Joash (H3101L)
§ Shemaah = "the rumour"
a Benjamite, the Gibeathite, father of Ahiezer and Joash, both mighty warriors of David who joined him at Ziklag
Art | N-proper — Particle · noun gentilic masculine singular absoluteHTd/Ngmsa
גִּבְעָתִי (Gib`athiy) refers to a Gibeathite, an inhabitant of Gibeah, which means 'hilliness.' It is derived from the root word for Gibeah (גִּבְעָה), and is noted in 1 Chronicles 12:3. The term is consistent across entries, with no significant disagreements.
גִּבְעָתִי adj.gent. of גִּבְעָה of Benjamin (?) 1 Ch 12:3.
done
H1395 גִּבְעָתִי
1395 Gib`athiy ghib-aw-thee'
patrial from 1390; a Gibathite, or inhabitant of
Gibath:--Gibeathite.
see HEBREW for 01390
גִּבְעָתִי (giv.a.ti) — Gibeathite.
Gibeathite = "hilliness"
an inhabitant of Gibeah
Another spelling of giv.ah (גִּבְעָה "Gibeah" H1390H)
Art | Ngmsa — Particle · noun gentilic masculine singular absoluteHTd/Ngmsa
gib'-e-ath-it.
See SHEMAAH.
יְזִיאֵל (Yzav'el) refers to a man mentioned in the Old Testament, specifically in 1 Chronicles 12:3, as one of David's mighty warriors. The name is derived from an unused root meaning 'to sprinkle' combined with a term for God, suggesting a meaning related to being 'sprinkled of God.' He is identified as a Benjamite and the son of Azmaveth.
[יְזִיאֵל, יזואל] n.pr.m. one of David’s heroes 1 Ch 12:3.
ref
H3149 יְזִיאֵל, יזואל, יְזַוְאֵל
3149 Yzav'el yez-av-ale'
from an unused root (meaning to sprinkle) and 410; sprinkled
of God; Jezavel, an Israelite:--Jeziel (from the margin).
see HEBREW for 0410
יְזִיאֵל (ye.zav.el) — Jeziel.
A man living at the time of Divided Monarchy, only mentioned at 1Ch.12.3;
son of: Azmaveth (H5820I);
brother of: Pelet (H6404H)
§ Jeziel = "the assembly of God"
a Benjamite and one of David's mighty warriors who joined him at Ziklag
Conj | N-proper — Conjunction · noun proper masculineHC/Npm
je'-zi-el, je-zi'-el (Kethibh is yezu'el, or yezo'el; Qere yezi'el = "God gathers," perhaps): One of David's Benjamite recruits at Ziklag (1Ch 12:3).
Jeziel
Assembled by God, a son of Azmaveth. He was one of the Benjamite archers who joined David at Ziklag (1 Chr. 12:3).
(the assembly of God), a Benjamite who joined David at Ziklag. (1 Chronicles 12:3) (B.C. 1055.)
→ A disaffected Israelite who joined David at Ziklag 1Ch 12:3
פֶּ֫לֶט (Pelet) refers to a name meaning 'deliverance.' It denotes two individuals from the tribe of Judah during the Divided Monarchy: one is a descendant of Caleb, mentioned in 1 Chronicles 2:47, and the other is a warrior who joined David at Ziklag, noted in 1 Chronicles 12:3. The word is derived from H6403.
H6404 פֶּ֫לֶט
6404 Pelet peh'-let
from 6403; escape; Pelet, the name of two
Israelites:--Pelet. See also 1046.
see HEBREW for 06403
see HEBREW for 01046
פֶּ֫לֶט (pe.let) — Pelet.
A man of the tribe of Judah living at the time of Divided Monarchy, only mentioned at 1Ch.2.47;
son of Caleb (H3612H) and Jahdai (H3056);
brother of: Regem (H7276), Jotham (H3147I), Geshan (H1529), Ephah (H5891I) and Shaaph (H8174)
§ Pelet = "deliverance"
1) son of Jahdai and a descendant of Caleb
2) son of Azmaveth and one of David's mighty warriors who joined him at Ziklag
פֶּ֫לֶט (pe.let) — Pelet.
A man living at the time of Divided Monarchy, only mentioned at 1Ch.12.3;
son of: Azmaveth (H5820I);
brother of: Jeziel (H3149)
§ Pelet = "deliverance"
1) son of Jahdai and a descendant of Caleb
2) son of Azmaveth and one of David's mighty warriors who joined him at Ziklag
Conj | N-proper — Conjunction · noun proper masculineHC/Npm
Pelet
Deliverance. (1.) A descendant of Judah (1 Chr. 2:47).
(2.) A Benjamite who joined David at Ziklag (1 Chr. 12:3).
(liberation), A son of Jahdai in an obscure genealogy. (1 Chronicles 2:47) The son of Azmaveth, that is, either a native of the place of that name or the son of one of David’s heroes. (1 Chronicles 12:3) (B.C. about 1015.)
בֵּן (ben) means 'son' or 'male child' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including descendants, young animals, and even figurative uses like sparks or arrows. It can refer to members of a tribe or class and is used in various contexts throughout the Old Testament, such as in 1 Chronicles 24:26. The word is derived from a root meaning 'to build' and implies a connection to family or lineage.
בֵּן 4870 n.m. son
son, male child, born of a woman
children (male and female)
youth, young men
the young of animals
of plant shoots
fig. of lifeless things, sparks, stars, arrows
member of a guild, order or class
of animals son of (the) herd
ב׳ as n. relat. followed by word of quality, characteristic, etc.
n. relat. of age
base
בְּנוֹ 1 Ch 24:26, 27 as n.pr.m. in AV, RV, but render: the sons of Jaaziah his son, & the sons of Merari by Jaaziah his son, cf. VB & Be Öt.
done
H1121a בֵּן son . son, male child, born of a woman
. children (male and female)
. youth, young men
. the young of animals
. of plant shoots
. fig. of lifeless things, sparks, stars, arrows
. . member of a guild, order or class
. of animals son of (the) herd
. ב׳ as n. relat. followed by word of quality, characteristic, etc.
. n. relat. of age
H1121b בְּנוֹ as n. pr. m. in AV, RV, but render: the sons of Jaaziah his son, & the sons of Merari by Jaaziah his son
1121 ben bane
from 1129; a son (as a builder of the family name), in the
widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship,
including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition,
etc., (like 1, 251, etc.)):--+ afflicted, age, (Ahoh-)
(Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-)ite, (anoint-)ed one, appointed to,
(+) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-)ian, one born,
bough, branch, breed, + (young) bullock, + (young) calf, X
came up in, child, colt, X common, X corn, daughter, X of
first, + firstborn, foal, + very fruitful, + postage, X in, +
kid, + lamb, (+) man, meet, + mighty, + nephew, old, (+)
people, + rebel, + robber, X servant born, X soldier, son, +
spark, + steward, + stranger, X surely, them of, + tumultuous
one, + valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth.
see HEBREW for 01129
see HEBREW for 01
see HEBREW for 0251
בֵּן (ben) — son: child.
: child/son
בְּנוֹ (be.no) — Beno.
A man of the tribe of Levi living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ch.24.26;
son of: Jaaziah (H3269);
brother of: Shoham (H7719), Zaccur (H2139I) and Ibri (H5681)
§ Beno = "his son"
the sons of Jaaziah and the sons of Merari by Jaahziah (his son)
בֵּן (ben) — son: descendant/people.
: descendant, people, tribe, nation
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
§ : child/son
בֵּן (ben) — son: young animal.
: calf/lamb/young(ANIMAL)
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
§ : descendant
בֵּן (ben) — son: type of.
: rebel/son(Belial)
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
§ : people/men/nation/tribe
בֵּן (ben) — son.
: [inheriting]son/heir
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
בֵּן (ben) — son: warrior.
: warrior/son(strong)
N-mp — Noun common · masculine plural constructHNcmpc
See SON, SONS.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
עַזְמָ֫וֶת (Azmaveth) means "strong unto death" and refers to a name associated with several individuals and a place in Benjamin. It includes a mighty warrior of David, a descendant of Mephibosheth, and an overseer of royal treasures. The word is built from roots meaning strength and death, and it appears in various contexts in the Old Testament, particularly in relation to David's reign.
עַזְמָ֫וֶת n.pr.m.
one of David’s heroes
father of two of David’s men
officer of David
Benjamite name
base
H5820 עַזְמָ֫וֶת
5820 `Azmaveth az-maw'-veth
from 5794 and 4194; strong one of death; Azmaveth, the name
of three Israelites and of a place in Palestine:--Azmaveth.
See also 1041.
see HEBREW for 05794
see HEBREW for 04194
see HEBREW for 01041
עַזְמָ֫וֶת (az.ma.vet) — Azmaveth.
A man living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Sa.23.31
§ Azmaveth = "strong unto death"
1) one of David's mighty warriors
2) a descendant of Mephibosheth, the son of Jonathan and grandson of king Saul
3) a Benjamite, father of Jeziel and Pelet who were two of David's men who joined him at Ziklag
4) overseer of the royal treasures in the reign of David
5) a place in Benjamin; also 'Beth-azmeveth'
עַזְמָ֫וֶת (az.ma.vet) — Azmaveth.
A man of the tribe of Benjamin living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ch.8.36;
son of: Jehoaddah (H3085);
brother of: Alemeth (H5964I) and Zimri (H2174H)
§ Azmaveth = "strong unto death"
1) one of David's mighty warriors
2) a descendant of Mephibosheth, the son of Jonathan and grandson of king Saul
N-proper — Noun proper masculineHNpm
Azmaveth
Strong as death. (1.) One of David’s thirty warriors (2 Sam. 23:31).
(2.) An overseer over the royal treasury in the time of David and Solomon (1 Chr. 27:25).
(3.) A town in the tribe of Judah, near Jerusalem (Neh. 12:29; Ezra 2:24).
(4.) 1 Chr. 8:36
a place to all appearance in Benjamin, being named with other towns belonging to that tribe. (Ezra 2:24) The name elsewhere occurs as BETH-AZMAVETH.
strong death; a he-goat
בְּרָכָה (berakah) refers to both a valley near Tekoa and a name of an Israelite warrior in David's band. The term is associated with the meaning 'blessing.' The entries indicate its use in geographical and personal contexts, particularly in relation to significant events in the Old Testament.
בְּרָכָה
n.pr.loc. valley in wilderness by Tekoa
n.pr.m. one of David’s band
base
H1294 בְּרָכָה
1294 Brakah ber-aw-kaw'
the same as 1293; Berakah, the name of an Israelite, and also
of a valley in Palestine:--Berachah.
see HEBREW for 01293
בְּרָכָה (be.ra.khah) — Beracah.
A man living at the time of Divided Monarchy, only mentioned at 1Ch.12.3
§ Berachah = "blessing"
a Benjamite, one of David's warriors
בְּרָכָה (be.ra.khah) — Beracah (Valley).
Berachah = "blessing"
a valley in the wilderness near Tekoa where Jehoshaphat and his people assembled to bless Jehovah after the overthrow of the hosts of the Moabites
Combined with e.meq (עֵ֫מֶק " Valley" H6010H)
Conj | N-proper — Conjunction · noun proper masculineHC/Npm
Berachah
Blessing. (1.) A valley not far from Engedi, where Jehoshaphat overthrew the Moabites and Ammonites (2 Chr. 20:26). It has been identified with the valley of Bereikut. (R.V., “Beracah.”)
(2.) One of the Benjamite warriors, Saul’s brethren, who joined David when at Ziklag (1 Chr. 12:3).
(blessing), a Benjamite who attached himself to David at Ziklag. (1 Chronicles 12:3) (B.C. 1054.)
Blessing, a beautiful valley between Tekoa and Etham, where Jehoshaphat and all Judah held a thanksgiving for their miraculous victory over the Moabites and Ammonites, 2Ch 20:26.
blessing; bending the knee
יֵהוּא (yehu) means 'Jehovah is He' and refers primarily to Jehu, a king of Israel known for overthrowing the Omri dynasty. The name also identifies several other individuals from the Old Testament, including a prophet and warriors from the tribes of Judah and Simeon, as well as a notable figure in David's court. The entries consistently highlight Jehu's significance during the Divided Monarchy.
יֵהוּא n.pr.m.
king of Israel who overthrew the dynasty of Omri
prophet of N. Israel in time of Baasha & Jehoshaphat
one of David’s heroes
a Judahite
a Simeonite prince
base
H3058 יֵהוּא
3058 Yehuw' yay-hoo'
from 3068 and 1931; Jehovah (is) He; Jehu, the name of five
Israelites:--Jehu.
see HEBREW for 03068
see HEBREW for 01931
יֵהוּא (ye.hu) — Jehu.
A man living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ki.16.1;
son of: Hanani (H2607)
§ Jehu = "Jehovah is He"
1) the king of the northern kingdom Israel who overthrew the dynasty of Omri
2) son of Hanani and an Israelite prophet in the time of Baasha and Jehoshaphat
3) the Antothite, a Benjamite, one of David's mighty warriors
4) a descendant of Judah of the house of Hezron
5) son of Josibiah and a chief of the tribe of Simeon
יֵהוּא (ye.hu) — Jehu.
A king of the Kingdom of Israel, living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ki.19.16;
son of: Jehoshaphat (H3092J);
father of: Jehoahaz (H3059)
§ Jehu = "Jehovah is He"
1) the king of the northern kingdom Israel who overthrew the dynasty of Omri
2) son of Hanani and an Israelite prophet in the time of Baasha and Jehoshaphat
3) the Antothite, a Benjamite, one of David's mighty warriors
Conj | N-proper — Conjunction · noun proper masculineHC/Npm
je'-hu (yehu; meaning uncertain, perhaps "Yahweh is he"; 1Ki 19:16,17; 2Ki 9; 10; Eiou): Son of Jehoshaphat, and descendant of Nimshi, hence, commonly called "the son of Nimshi"; 10th king of Israel, and founder of its IVth Dynasty. Jehu reign for 28 years. His accession may be reckoned at circa 752 BC (some date a few years later).
1. Officer of Ahab:
A soldier of fortune, Jehu appears first as an officer in the body-guard of Ahab. To himself we owe the information that he was present at the judicial murder of Naboth, and that Naboth's sons were put to death with their father (2Ki 9:26). He was in attendance when Ahab drove from Samaria to inspect his new possession in Jezreel, and was witness of the dramatic encounter at the vineyard between the king and the prophet Elijah…
Jehu
Jehovah is he. (1.) The son of Obed, and father of Azariah (1 Chr. 2:38).
(2.) One of the Benjamite slingers that joined David at Ziklag (1 Chr. 12:3).
(3.) The son of Hanani, a prophet of Judah (1 Kings 16:1, 7; 2 Chr. 19:2; 20:34), who pronounced the sentence of God against Baasha, the king of Israel.
(4.) King of Israel, the son of Jehoshaphat (2 Kings 9:2), and grandson of Nimshi. The story of his exaltation to the throne is deeply interesting. During the progress of a war against the Syrians, who were becoming more and more troublesome to Israel, in a battle at Ramoth-gilead Jehoram, the king of Israel, had been…
(the living). The founder of the fifth dynasty of the kingdom of Israel, son of Jehoshaphat. (2 Kings 9:2) He reigned over Israel 28 years, B.C. 884-856. His first appearance in history is when he heard the warning of Elijah against the murderer of Naboth. (2 Kings 9:25) In the reigns of Ahaziah and Jehoram, Jehu rose to importance. He was, under the last-named king, captain of the host in the siege of Ramoth-gilead. During this siege he was anointed by Elisha’s servant, and told that he was appointed to be king of Israel and destroyer of the house of Ahab. (2 Kings 9:12) The army at once ordained him king, and he set off full speed for Jezreel. Jehoram, who was lying ill in Jezreel, came out to meet him, as it happened on the…
The son of Hanani, a prophet, sent with messages from God to Baasha king of Israel, and many years afterwards, to Jehoshaphat king of Judah, 1Ki 16:1-7 2Ch 19:1-3 20:34.
The "son" of Jehoshaphat and grandson of Nimshi, (compare 1Ki 19:16 2Ki 9:2) a general of the army of Joram, slew his master, and usurped the throne of Israel, B. C. 884. He reigned twentyeight years. See his history in 1Ki 19:16,17 2Ki 9:1-10:36. He fulfilled the divine purpose in extirpating the family of the impious Ahab, and zealously destroyed the priests of Baal and many other friends of Ahab. But…
עַנְּתֹתִי (Anthothiy) refers to a person from Anathoth, indicating a descendant or inhabitant of that place. It is derived from the root word for Anathoth itself, which is associated with the concept of 'affliction.' The entries provide variations of the term but do not present any significant disagreement.
עַנְּתֹתִי adj.gent. of foreg. [p.ec.ae]
base
H6069 עַנְּתֹתִי, עַנְתֹתִי, עַנְּתוֹתִי
6069 `Anthothiy an-tho-thee'
or rAnnthowthiy {an-ne-tho-thee'}; patrial from 6068; a
Antothite or inhabitant of Anathoth:--of Anathoth,
Anethothite, Anetothite, Antothite.
see HEBREW for 06068
עַנְּתֹתִי (an.to.ti) — Anathoth.
Anethothite, of Anathoth "affliction"
a descendant or inhabitant of Anathoth
Another spelling of a.na.tot (עֲנָתוֹת "Anathoth" H6068)
Art | Ngmsa — Particle · noun gentilic masculine singular absoluteHTd/Ngmsa
an'-a-thoth-it (ha-`annethothi): the Revised Version (British and American) form of the King James Version Anethothite, Anetothite, Antothite. An inhabitant of Anathoth, a town of Benjamin assigned to the Levites. The Anathothites are
(1) Abiezer, one of David's thirty heroes (2Sa 23:27; 1Ch 11:28; 27:12), and
(2) Jehu who came to David at Ziklag (1Ch 12:3).