Exodus 18:13

Exodus 18:13 in Multiple Translations

Berean Standard Bible BSB

The next day Moses took his seat to judge the people, and they stood around him from morning until evening.

King James Version KJV

¶ And it came to pass on the morrow, that Moses sat to judge the people: and the people stood by Moses from the morning unto the evening.

American Standard Version ASV

And it came to pass on the morrow, that Moses sat to judge the people: and the people stood about Moses from the morning unto the evening.

Bible in Basic English BBE

Now on the day after, Moses took his seat to give decisions for the people: and the people were waiting before Moses from morning till evening.

Free Bible Version FBV

The following day Moses sat as a judge for the people, and they presented their cases to him from morning to evening.

Geneva Bible 1599 GNV

Now on the morow, when Moses sate to iudge the people, the people stoode about Moses from morning vnto euen.

Young's Literal Translation YLT

And it cometh to pass on the morrow, that Moses sitteth to judge the people, and the people stand before Moses, from the morning unto the evening;

World English Bible WEB

On the next day, Moses sat to judge the people, and the people stood around Moses from the morning to the evening.

Noah Webster Bible WBS

And it came to pass on the morrow, that Moses sat to judge the people: and the people stood by Moses from the morning to the evening.

Douay-Rheims 1899 DRV

And the next day Moses sat, to judge the people, who stood by Moses from morning until night.

Translation for Translators T4T

The next day, Moses/I sat down at the place where he/I settled disputes among the people. The people were continually bringing their disputes to Moses/me, from morning until evening.

Study Highlights

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Berean Amplified Bible — Exodus 18:13

BAB

Word Study

Hover over any word to see its amplified meaning. Click a word to explore its full definition and translation comparisons.

Amplified text is generated using scripting to tie together English translations for comparison. Always refer to the core BSB translation and original Hebrew/Greek text for accuracy. Anomalies may occur.

Exodus 18:13 Interlinear (Deep Study)

BIB

HEB וַ/יְהִי֙ מִֽ/מָּחֳרָ֔ת וַ/יֵּ֥שֶׁב מֹשֶׁ֖ה לִ/שְׁפֹּ֣ט אֶת הָ/עָ֑ם וַ/יַּעֲמֹ֤ד הָ/עָם֙ עַל מֹשֶׁ֔ה מִן הַ/בֹּ֖קֶר עַד הָ/עָֽרֶב

וַ/יְהִי֙ hâyâh H1961 to be Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms

מִֽ/מָּחֳרָ֔ת mochŏrâth H4283 morrow Prep | N-fs

וַ/יֵּ֥שֶׁב yâshab H3427 to dwell Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms

מֹשֶׁ֖ה Môsheh H4872 Moses N-proper

לִ/שְׁפֹּ֣ט shâphaṭ H8199 to judge Prep | V-Qal-Inf-a

אֶת ʼêth H853 Obj. DirObjM

הָ/עָ֑ם ʻam H5971 Amaw Art | N-ms

וַ/יַּעֲמֹ֤ד ʻâmad H5975 to stand Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms

הָ/עָם֙ ʻam H5971 Amaw Art | N-ms

עַל ʻal H5921 upon Prep

מֹשֶׁ֔ה Môsheh H4872 Moses N-proper

מִן min H4480 from Prep

הַ/בֹּ֖קֶר bôqer H1242 morning Art | N-ms

עַד ʻad H5704 till Prep

הָ/עָֽרֶב ʻereb H6153 evening Art | N-ms

Hebrew Word Study

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Hebrew Word Reference — Exodus 18:13

וַ/יְהִי֙ hâyâh H1961 "to be" Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms

The Hebrew word for to be means to exist or come into being. It is used to describe something that happens or comes to pass, like in Genesis where God creates the world.

Definition: 1) to be, become, come to pass, exist, happen, fall out 1a) (Qal) 1a1) --- 1a1a) to happen, fall out, occur, take place, come about, come to pass 1a1b) to come about, come to pass 1a2) to come into being, become 1a2a) to arise, appear, come 1a2b) to become 1a2b1) to become 1a2b2) to become like 1a2b3) to be instituted, be established 1a3) to be 1a3a) to exist, be in existence 1a3b) to abide, remain, continue (with word of place or time) 1a3c) to stand, lie, be in, be at, be situated (with word of locality) 1a3d) to accompany, be with 1b) (Niphal) 1b1) to occur, come to pass, be done, be brought about 1b2) to be done, be finished, be gone

Usage: Occurs in 3131 OT verses. KJV: beacon, [idiom] altogether, be(-come), accomplished, committed, like), break, cause, come (to pass), do, faint, fall, [phrase] follow, happen, [idiom] have, last, pertain, quit (one-) self, require, [idiom] use. See also: Genesis 1:2; Genesis 17:4; Genesis 36:11.

מִֽ/מָּחֳרָ֔ת mochŏrâth H4283 "morrow" Prep | N-fs

This word means tomorrow or the next day, referring to a future time. It appears in several places in the Bible, including Genesis 30:33 and Exodus 16:23, where it is used to make promises or give instructions for the next day.

Definition: the morrow, the day after

Usage: Occurs in 32 OT verses. KJV: morrow, next day. See also: Genesis 19:34; Judges 6:38; Jeremiah 20:3.

וַ/יֵּ֥שֶׁב yâshab H3427 "to dwell" Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms

This verb means to sit or dwell, and can also mean to remain or abide. It's used in the Bible to describe people living in a place or staying with someone, like in the book of Genesis.

Definition: 1) to dwell, remain, sit, abide 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to sit, sit down 1a2) to be set 1a3) to remain, stay 1a4) to dwell, have one's abode 1b) (Niphal) to be inhabited 1c) (Piel) to set, place 1d) (Hiphil) 1d1) to cause to sit 1d2) to cause to abide, set 1d3) to cause to dwell 1d4) to cause (cities) to be inhabited 1d5) to marry (give an dwelling to) 1e) (Hophal) 1e1) to be inhabited 1e2) to make to dwell Aramaic equivalent: ye.tiv (יְתִב "to dwell" H3488)

Usage: Occurs in 977 OT verses. KJV: (make to) abide(-ing), continue, (cause to, make to) dwell(-ing), ease self, endure, establish, [idiom] fail, habitation, haunt, (make to) inhabit(-ant), make to keep (house), lurking, [idiom] marry(-ing), (bring again to) place, remain, return, seat, set(-tle), (down-) sit(-down, still, -ting down, -ting (place) -uate), take, tarry. See also: Genesis 4:16; Leviticus 25:18; Joshua 13:6.

מֹשֶׁ֖ה Môsheh H4872 "Moses" N-proper

Moses, the Israelite leader, was born to Amram and Jochebed and led the Exodus from Egypt. He received the law from God and is considered a key figure in the Bible. Moses means 'drawn' in Hebrew.

Definition: A man of the tribe of Levi living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, first mentioned at Exo.2.10; son of: Amram (H6019) and Jochebed (H3115); brother of: Aaron (H0175) and Miriam (H4813); married to Zipporah (H6855); father of: Gershom (H1647) and Eliezer (H0461H); also called Manasseh at Jdg.18.30(?) § Moses = "drawn" the prophet and lawgiver, leader of the exodus

Usage: Occurs in 704 OT verses. KJV: Moses. See also: Exodus 2:10; Exodus 13:1; Exodus 32:21.

לִ/שְׁפֹּ֣ט shâphaṭ H8199 "to judge" Prep | V-Qal-Inf-a

To shaphat means to judge or govern, and can also mean to vindicate or punish. In the Bible, this term is often used to describe God's role as a judge, as well as human judges and rulers.

Definition: 1) to judge, govern, vindicate, punish 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to act as law-giver or judge or governor (of God, man) 1a1a) to rule, govern, judge 1a2) to decide controversy (of God, man) 1a3) to execute judgment 1a3a) discriminating (of man) 1a3b) vindicating 1a3c) condemning and punishing 1a3d) at theophanic advent for final judgment 1b) (Niphal) 1b1) to enter into controversy, plead, have controversy together 1b2) to be judged 1c) (Poel) judge, opponent-at-law (participle)

Usage: Occurs in 182 OT verses. KJV: [phrase] avenge, [idiom] that condemn, contend, defend, execute (judgment), (be a) judge(-ment), [idiom] needs, plead, reason, rule. See also: Genesis 16:5; Psalms 9:5; Psalms 2:10.

אֶת ʼêth H853 "Obj." DirObjM

In the original Hebrew, this word points out the object of a verb or preposition, like 'namely' or 'even'. It appears in many books, including Genesis and Exodus. It's not directly translated in English, but helps clarify the meaning of sentences.

Definition: sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)

Usage: Occurs in 6782 OT verses. KJV: (as such unrepresented in English). See also: Genesis 1:1; Genesis 10:8; Genesis 19:21.

הָ/עָ֑ם ʻam H5971 "Amaw" Art | N-ms

A people or nation is what this Hebrew word represents, like the nation of Israel in Exodus 33:13. It can also mean a tribe, troops, or attendants, and is used to describe a group of people gathered together. The word is often used to refer to the people of God.

Definition: This name means nation, people

Usage: Occurs in 1655 OT verses. KJV: folk, men, nation, people. See also: Genesis 11:6; Exodus 16:4; Leviticus 17:9.

וַ/יַּעֲמֹ֤ד ʻâmad H5975 "to stand" Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms

Means 'to stand' in a strong sense, like in Exodus 17:12 where Moses stood with his arms up to help Israel win a battle.

Definition: : stand/stop/establish 1) to stand, remain, endure, take one's stand 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to stand, take one's stand, be in a standing attitude, stand forth, take a stand, present oneself, attend upon, be or become servant of 1a2) to stand still, stop (moving or doing), cease 1a3) to tarry, delay, remain, continue, abide, endure, persist, be steadfast 1a4) to make a stand, hold one's ground 1a5) to stand upright, remain standing, stand up, rise, be erect, be upright 1a6) to arise, appear, come on the scene, stand forth, appear, rise up or against 1a7) to stand with, take one's stand, be appointed, grow flat, grow insipid 1b) (Hiphil) 1b1) to station, set 1b2) to cause to stand firm, maintain 1b3) to cause to stand up, cause to set up, erect 1b4) to present (one) before (king) 1b5) to appoint, ordain, establish 1c) (Hophal) to be presented, be caused to stand, be stood before

Usage: Occurs in 497 OT verses. KJV: abide (behind), appoint, arise, cease, confirm, continue, dwell, be employed, endure, establish, leave, make, ordain, be (over), place, (be) present (self), raise up, remain, repair, [phrase] serve, set (forth, over, -tle, up), (make to, make to be at a, with-) stand (by, fast, firm, still, up), (be at a) stay (up), tarry. See also: Genesis 18:8; Joshua 21:44; 1 Chronicles 6:17.

הָ/עָם֙ ʻam H5971 "Amaw" Art | N-ms

Definition: This name means nation, people

Usage: Occurs in 1655 OT verses. KJV: folk, men, nation, people. See also: Genesis 11:6; Exodus 16:4; Leviticus 17:9.

עַל ʻal H5921 "upon" Prep

This Hebrew word means on or above something, like a physical object or a situation. It can also imply a sense of responsibility or accountability, as in being on behalf of someone.

Definition: prep 1) upon, on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against 1a) upon, on the ground of, on the basis of, on account of, because of, therefore, on behalf of, for the sake of, for, with, in spite of, notwithstanding, concerning, in the matter of, as regards 1b) above, beyond, over (of excess) 1c) above, over (of elevation or pre-eminence) 1d) upon, to, over to, unto, in addition to, together with, with (of addition) 1e) over (of suspension or extension) 1f) by, adjoining, next, at, over, around (of contiguity or proximity) 1g) down upon, upon, on, from, up upon, up to, towards, over towards, to, against (with verbs of motion) 1h) to (as a dative)

Usage: Occurs in 4493 OT verses. KJV: above, according to(-ly), after, (as) against, among, and, [idiom] as, at, because of, beside (the rest of), between, beyond the time, [idiom] both and, by (reason of), [idiom] had the charge of, concerning for, in (that), (forth, out) of, (from) (off), (up-) on, over, than, through(-out), to, touching, [idiom] with. See also: Genesis 1:2; Genesis 24:13; Genesis 41:33.

מֹשֶׁ֔ה Môsheh H4872 "Moses" N-proper

Moses, the Israelite leader, was born to Amram and Jochebed and led the Exodus from Egypt. He received the law from God and is considered a key figure in the Bible. Moses means 'drawn' in Hebrew.

Usage: Occurs in 704 OT verses. KJV: Moses. See also: Exodus 2:10; Exodus 13:1; Exodus 32:21.

מִן min H4480 "from" Prep

This Hebrew word means a portion or part of something, and is often used to show the relationship between things, like from or out of something.

Definition: prep 1) from, out of, on account of, off, on the side of, since, above, than, so that not, more than 1a) from (expressing separation), off, on the side of 1b) out of 1b1) (with verbs of proceeding, removing, expelling) 1b2) (of material from which something is made) 1b3) (of source or origin) 1c) out of, some of, from (partitively) 1d) from, since, after (of time) 1e) than, more than (in comparison) 1f) from...even to, both...and, either...or 1g) than, more than, too much for (in comparisons) 1h) from, on account of, through, because (with infinitive) conj 2) that Aramaic equivalent: min (מִן־ "from" H4481)

Usage: Occurs in 1094 OT verses. KJV: above, after, among, at, because of, by (reason of), from (among), in, [idiom] neither, [idiom] nor, (out) of, over, since, [idiom] then, through, [idiom] whether, with. See also: Genesis 2:6; Exodus 16:32; Leviticus 14:26.

הַ/בֹּ֖קֶר bôqer H1242 "morning" Art | N-ms

The break of day or morning, a time of new beginnings, as in the morning sacrifices in Exodus 29:39 or the resurrection of Jesus on the first day of the week in John 20:1.

Definition: 1) morning, break of day 1a) morning 1a1) of end of night 1a2) of coming of daylight 1a3) of coming of sunrise 1a4) of beginning of day 1a5) of bright joy after night of distress (fig.) 1b) morrow, next day, next morning

Usage: Occurs in 189 OT verses. KJV: ([phrase]) day, early, morning, morrow. See also: Genesis 1:5; 1 Samuel 11:11; Psalms 5:4.

עַד ʻad H5704 "till" Prep

This Hebrew word means until or as far as, describing a point in time or space. It's used in the Bible to set boundaries or limits, like in Exodus when describing the Israelites' journey.

Definition: prep 1) as far as, even to, until, up to, while, as far as 1a) of space 1a1) as far as, up to, even to 1b) in combination 1b1) from...as far as, both...and (with 'min' -from) 1c) of time 1c1) even to, until, unto, till, during, end 1d) of degree 1d1) even to, to the degree of, even like conj 2) until, while, to the point that, so that even Aramaic equivalent: ad (עַד "till" H5705)

Usage: Occurs in 1128 OT verses. KJV: against, and, as, at, before, by (that), even (to), for(-asmuch as), (hither-) to, [phrase] how long, into, as long (much) as, (so) that, till, toward, until, when, while, ([phrase] as) yet. See also: Genesis 3:19; Exodus 32:20; Numbers 23:24.

הָ/עָֽרֶב ʻereb H6153 "evening" Art | N-ms

In the Bible, this Hebrew word means evening or sunset, like when God created daylight and darkness in Genesis. It refers to the time of day, often marking the end of a workday. This word is used in many verses, including Exodus and Psalms.

Definition: 1) evening, night, sunset 1a) evening, sunset 1b) night

Usage: Occurs in 125 OT verses. KJV: [phrase] day, even(-ing, tide), night. See also: Genesis 1:5; Numbers 19:19; Psalms 30:6.

Study Notes — Exodus 18:13

Show Verse Quote Highlights

Context
Cross References
Exodus 18:13 Summary
Frequently Asked Questions
Reflection Questions
Gill's Exposition on Exodus 18:13
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Exodus 18:13
Matthew Poole's Commentary on Exodus 18:13
Trapp's Commentary on Exodus 18:13
Ellicott's Commentary on Exodus 18:13
Adam Clarke's Commentary on Exodus 18:13
Cambridge Bible on Exodus 18:13
Barnes' Notes on Exodus 18:13
Whedon's Commentary on Exodus 18:13
Sermons on Exodus 18:13

Context — Jethro Advises Moses

11Now I know that the LORD is greater than all other gods, for He did this when they treated Israel with arrogance.” 12Then Moses’ father-in-law Jethro brought a burnt offering and sacrifices to God, and Aaron came with all the elders of Israel to eat bread with Moses’ father-in-law in the presence of God.

13The next day Moses took his seat to judge the people, and they stood around him from morning until evening.

14When his father-in-law saw all that Moses was doing for the people, he asked, “What is this that you are doing for the people? Why do you sit alone as judge, with all the people standing around you from morning till evening?” 15“Because the people come to me to inquire of God,” Moses replied.

Cross References

	Reference	Text (BSB)
1	Isaiah 16:5	in loving devotion a throne will be established in the tent of David. A judge seeking justice and hastening righteousness will sit on it in faithfulness.
2	Job 29:7	When I went out to the city gate and took my seat in the public square,
3	Judges 5:10	You who ride white donkeys, who sit on saddle blankets, and you who travel the road, ponder
4	Romans 13:6	This is also why you pay taxes. For the authorities are God’s servants, who devote themselves to their work.
5	Matthew 23:2	“The scribes and Pharisees sit in Moses’ seat.
6	Romans 12:8	if it is encouraging, let him encourage; if it is giving, let him give generously; if it is leading, let him lead with diligence; if it is showing mercy, let him do it cheerfully.
7	Joel 3:12	Let the nations be roused and advance to the Valley of Jehoshaphat, for there I will sit down to judge all the nations on every side.

Exodus 18:13 Summary

This verse shows us that Moses was a leader who was dedicated to helping his people. He sat and listened to their problems from morning until evening, which shows that he was patient and caring. This is similar to what Jesus taught in Matthew 20:26-28, where He said that leaders should serve others. We can learn from Moses' example by being patient and dedicated to serving others, and by seeking God's guidance in our own lives, just as Moses did in Exodus 18:15.

Frequently Asked Questions

What was Moses doing when he took his seat to judge the people?

Moses was acting as a judge, helping the people resolve their disputes and answering their questions about God's will, as seen in Exodus 18:13 and Exodus 18:15.

Why did the people stand around Moses from morning until evening?

The people stood around Moses because they were waiting for him to hear their cases and provide guidance, as stated in Exodus 18:13, and this was a time-consuming process that required patience and dedication.

Was Moses the only leader in Israel at this time?

No, Moses had the help of his father-in-law Jethro, who is mentioned in Exodus 18:12, and also the elders of Israel, but Moses was the primary leader and judge at this point, as indicated in Exodus 18:13.

What can we learn from Moses' example in this verse?

We can learn the importance of leadership, patience, and dedication to serving others, as seen in Moses' willingness to sit and judge the people from morning until evening, and this is in line with the teachings of Jesus in Matthew 20:26-28.

Reflection Questions

What are some ways that I can demonstrate patience and dedication in my own life, just like Moses did in this verse?
How can I prioritize serving others and seeking God's guidance, just as Moses did when he took his seat to judge the people?
What are some areas in my life where I need to seek God's wisdom and guidance, and how can I apply the principles from this verse to those areas?
In what ways can I be a leader or servant in my own community, and how can I follow Moses' example of humility and dependence on God?

Gill's Exposition on Exodus 18:13

And it came to pass on the morrow,.... The above Targum paraphrases it, "on the day after the day of atonement:'' and so Jarchi observes the same, out of a book of theirs called Siphri; but rather

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Exodus 18:13

And it came to pass on the morrow, that Moses sat to judge the people: and the people stood by Moses from the morning unto the evening.

Matthew Poole's Commentary on Exodus 18:13

Moses sat as a civil magistrate, by hearing and determining causes and controversies arising among the people.

Trapp's Commentary on Exodus 18:13

Exodus 18:13 And it came to pass on the morrow, that Moses sat to judge the people: and the people stood by Moses from the morning unto the evening.Ver. 13. And the people stood by Moses.] Being haply, as the French are said to be, very litigious; and thereunto abusing Moses’ s lenity: whereas had they been soundly whipped, - as among Mohammedans they are, that go to law for light matters, - there would have been but few and short suits amongst them. Sure it is, that if men’ s hearts were not bigger than their suits, there would not be half so many.

Ellicott's Commentary on Exodus 18:13

(13) On the morrow.—The day following Jethro’s arrival. Moses sat to judge the people.—The office of prince, or ruler, was in early times regarded as including within it that of judge. Rulers in these ages were sometimes even called “judges,” as were those of Israel from Joshua to Samuel, and those of Carthage at a later date (suffetes). Ability to judge was thought to mark out a person as qualified for the kingly office (Herod. i. 97). Moses, it would seem, had, from the time that he became chief of his nation, undertaken the hearing of all complaints and the decision of all causes. He held court days from time to time, when the host was stationary, and judged all the cases that were brought before him. No causes were decided by any one else. Either it had not occurred to him that the duty might be discharged by deputy, or he had seen reasons against the adoption of such an arrangement. Perhaps he had thought his countrymen unfit as yet for the difficult task. At any rate, he had acted as sole judge, and had, no doubt, to discharge the duty pretty frequently. Knowing that there was much business on hand, he did not allow the visit of his near connection to interfere with his usual habits, but held his court just as if Jethro had not been there. The people stood by Moses from the morning unto the evening.—So great was the number of causes, or so difficult were they of decision, that Moses was occupied the whole day in deciding them. Following the usual Oriental practice, he began early in the morning, and found himself compelled to continue until nightfall. It is not clear whether his “sessions” were always of this length, or whether on this occasion the ordinary time was exceeded. Some have suggested that the division of the Amalekite spoil would naturally have led to disputes, and so to complaints.

Adam Clarke's Commentary on Exodus 18:13

Verse 13. To judge the people] To hear and determine controversies between man and man, and to give them instruction in things appertaining to God. From the morning unto the evening.] Moses was obliged to sit all day, and the people were continually coming and going.

Cambridge Bible on Exodus 18:13

13–23. Jethro’s advice to Moses, to appoint officers to assist him in the administration of justice.

Barnes' Notes on Exodus 18:13

From the morning unto the evening - It may be assumed as at least probable that numerous cases of difficulty arose out of the division of the spoil of the Amalekites Exodus 17:13, and causes would

Whedon's Commentary on Exodus 18:13

13. On the morrow — After the sacrificial feast described in Exodus 18:12. The duties of friendship, love, and hospitality must give place to those of public responsibility and care.

Sermons on Exodus 18:13

	Sermon	Description
	The Wearing Down of the Saints by David Wilkerson	In this sermon, the speaker addresses the issue of people waiting in line to be prayed for and seeking a touch or word from a man instead of seeking God directly. The speaker refer
	(Exodus) Exodus 18:13-27 by J. Vernon McGee	In this sermon, the speaker discusses the story of Moses and his father-in-law, Jethro. Jethro observes Moses working tirelessly to judge the people and suggests that Moses lighten
	2. Church Government by Chuck Smith	Chuck Smith discusses the various forms of church government as presented in the New Testament, emphasizing the roles of bishops (episkopos) and elders (presbyteros) while critiqui
	God's Judgement & Mercy by Alan Redpath	In this sermon, the preacher discusses the concept of God's judgment and the target of that judgment. He emphasizes that listening to the law only makes people desire to break it,
	"As Thy Days, So Shall Thy Strength Be" by C.H. Spurgeon	Greek Word Studies preaches on the concept of 'Reformation,' emphasizing the idea of making things straight, correcting, and setting things right. In the context of the New Testame
	(Basics) 71. Submission to Authority by Zac Poonen	In this sermon, the preacher emphasizes the importance of submitting to authority as instructed in the Bible. He references Romans 13:1, which states that all souls should be subje
	We Can Overcome Satan by Zac Poonen	This sermon addresses the importance of maintaining high spiritual standards without falling into legalism. It emphasizes the need to hate sin, repent sincerely, and strive for Chr