Psalms 16:9 — Word Study
WLCלָכֵ֤ן׀ שָׂמַ֣ח לִ֭בִּי וַיָּ֣גֶל כְּבוֹדִ֑י אַף־ בְּ֝שָׂרִ֗י יִשְׁכֹּ֥ן לָבֶֽטַח׃
BSAThereforekên [thus, in confirmation] my heartlêb [the seat of feelings, will, and intellect] is gladsâmach■ [rejoices, full of joy] and my tonguekâbôwd [my voice, speech] rejoicesgîyl▸ [exults, praises] my bodybâsâr [flesh, physical being] alsoʼaph [in addition, too] will dwellshâkan▸ [live, rest] securelybeṭach [in safety, with confidence, in hope]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| לָכֵ֤ן׀ | therefore | Preposition, adverb |
| שָׂמַ֣ח | it is glad | Verb, Qal, perfect third person masculine singular |
| לִ֭בִּי | heart my | Noun common masculine singular construct, suffix |
| וַיָּ֣גֶל | and it rejoiced | Verb, Qal, sequential imperfect third person masculine singular |
| כְּבוֹדִ֑י | honor my | Noun common both singular construct, suffix |
| אַף־ | also | Particle |
| בְּ֝שָׂרִ֗י | body my | Noun common masculine singular construct, suffix |
| יִשְׁכֹּ֥ן | it will dwell | Verb, Qal, imperfect third person masculine singular |
| לָבֶֽטַח׃ | to security | Preposition, noun common masculine singular absolute |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | Therefore my heart is glad and my tongue rejoices; my body also will dwell securely. |
| KJV | Therefore my heart is glad, and my glory rejoiceth: my flesh also shall rest in hope. |
| ASV | Therefore my heart is glad, and my glory rejoiceth: My flesh also shall dwell in safety. |
| YLT | Therefore hath my heart been glad, And my honour doth rejoice, Also my flesh dwelleth confidently: |
| WEB | Therefore my heart is glad, and my tongue rejoices. My body shall also dwell in safety. |
| BBE | Because of this my heart is glad, and my glory is full of joy: while my flesh takes its rest in hope. |
The translations agree on the core meaning of joy and security expressed in this verse.
The sentence has a main clause followed by two additional clauses, creating a flow that connects the psalmist's emotional state with his physical existence.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
verbשָׂמַח
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Psalms 16:9
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Assurance of God's Presencegenerated
Psalm 16:9 is part of a meditation on the psalmist's relationship with God, emphasizing joy and security found in His presence. The verses surrounding it reflect a deep trust in God's protection and guidance, with the psalmist affirming that his heart is glad and his body will dwell securely. This theme of joy in God's presence resonates throughout the psalm, illustrating a profound faith amid life's uncertainties.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Luke 10:21–22 | At that time Jesus rejoiced in the Holy Spirit and declared, “I praise You, Father, Lord of heaven and earth, because You have hidden these things from the wise and learned, and revealed them to little children. Yes, Father, for this was well-pleasing in Your sight. |
| 2 | Psalm 30:12 | that my heart may sing Your praises and not be silent. O LORD my God, I will give thanks forever. |
| 3 | Psalm 57:8 | Awake, my glory! Awake, O harp and lyre! I will awaken the dawn. |
| 4 | Acts 2:26 | Therefore my heart is glad and my tongue rejoices; my body also will dwell in hope, |
| 5 | James 3:5–9 | In the same way, the tongue is a small part of the body, but it boasts of great things. Consider how small a spark sets a great forest ablaze. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 10 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — שָׂמַח, sa.Machgenerated
The verb שָׂמַח (*samach*) means to rejoice or be glad. It is used in various contexts, often expressing joy in both everyday life and religious celebrations. In this verse, it highlights the psalmist's emotional state, indicating a deep sense of joy that arises from his relationship with God.
The parsing indicates that it is a perfect tense verb, which suggests a completed action — the psalmist's heart has already reached a state of gladness. This reflects a continuous and abiding joy that is not fleeting but rooted in a secure relationship with God.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The finite verb שָׂמַח governs the main clause, indicating the psalmist's emotional state. The structure includes additional clauses that describe the effects of this joy, such as the rejoicing of the tongue and the security of the body.
The word order emphasizes the psalmist's heart first, followed by the tongue and body, highlighting the holistic nature of his joy — it encompasses his feelings, speech, and physical being.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates שָׂמַח as ηὐφράνθη, which conveys a similar sense of joy but can imply a more spontaneous expression of happiness. This choice reflects a slight nuance in the emotional tone, suggesting exuberance.
The use of ηὐφράνθη indicates the translators' understanding of the psalmist's joy as not only a state of being but also an active expression of delight.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Psalm 16:9 expresses the psalmist's joy in his heart and voice, declaring that his body will dwell securely. This verse reflects a deep trust in God's presence and protection, emphasizing the connection between joy and security in life.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
A glad heart signifies joy and contentment, often resulting from a close relationship with God, as seen in the psalmist's expression.
The psalmist connects his emotional state with physical security, indicating that joy in the heart translates to a sense of safety and peace in the body.
The tongue represents the psalmist's expression of joy, highlighting that true joy is often vocalized through praise and thanksgiving.
To dwell securely means to live in a state of safety and confidence, trusting in God's protection and provision.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- In what ways do I experience joy in my relationship with God?
- How can I express my joy through my words and actions?
- What does it mean for me to dwell securely in my life?
- How does understanding God's presence influence my emotional state?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Early Church Fathers have commented on this verse, connecting it to the hope and resurrection found in Christ, illustrating the continuity of the psalmist's message through the ages.
“My flesh will rest in hope.” The Lord Jesus Christ says these words, whose flesh is the first to rest in hope. Crucified, made the first fruit of the dead and having been taken into heaven after the resurrection,Early Church Fathers on Psalms 16 →
We die not by our own choice but by necessity of nature and against our will. However, the Lord, being himself immortal yet having mortal flesh, had power, as God, to separate from his body and to take it back again,Early Church Fathers on Psalms 16 →
[Christ’s] Godhead, alike before taking flesh and in the flesh and after his passion, is immutably the same, being at all times what it was by nature and so continuing forever.Early Church Fathers on Psalms 16 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Psalms 16:9 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleTherefore my heart is glad,.... Because he had the Lord always in view; he was at his right hand, for his support and assistance, as well as because of what is expressed in the next verses: this is
Read John Gill on Psalms 16 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryTherefore my heart is glad, and my glory rejoiceth: my flesh also shall rest in hope. Therefore - because the Lord is at my right hand. My heart is glad - in the assurance of perfect deliverance.
Read Robert Jamieson on Psalms 16 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleTherefore; upon this ground and confidence. My heart; the proper seat of joy, and of all the affections. My glory; either, 1. My soul, which isindeed the glory of a man. Or rather, 2. My tongue, which also is a man’ s glory and privilege above all other living creatures, and the instrument of glorifying both God and man; and which is oft called a man’ s glory, as 57:8 108:1 149:5. And so this very word is translated . And thus the distinction between heart, and glory, and flesh is more certain and evident. Rejoiceth; or, exulteth, i.e. declares or expresseth my inward joy. For this verb signifies not so much internal joy, as the outward and visible demonstrations of it in words or gestures…
Read Matthew Poole on Psalms 16 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsPsalms 16:9 Therefore my heart is glad, and my glory rejoiceth: my flesh also shall rest in hope.Ver. 9. Therefore my heart is glad, &c.] That is, I am all over in very good plight, as well as heart can wish or need require; I do overly abound exceedingly with joy. God forgive me mine unthankfulness and unworthiness of so great glory (as that martyr, Mr Philpot, said). In all the days of my life I was never so merry as now I am in this dark dungeon, &c. Wicked men rejoice in appearance, and not in heart, 2 Corinthians 5:12; their joy is but skin deep, their mirth frothy and flashy, such as wetteth the mouth, but warmeth not the heart. But David is totus totus, quantus quantus exultabundus…
Read John Trapp on Psalms 16 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(9) Glory.—Heb., khabôd; but probably the poet wrote khabed, i.e., liver, or (comp. “reins” above, and the common use of the word “bowels”) heart. The LXX. paraphrase tongue. The passage was so quoted in Acts 2:25. (Comp. Psalms 57:8; Psalms 108:1.) “With the best member that I have” (Prayer Book). Shall rest in hope.—This follows the Vulg. The LXX. also have “shall tabernacle in hope.” The true rendering, however, is shall rest in security. In “heart, soul, flesh,” the poet comprises the whole living man. (Comp. 1 Thessalonians 5:23.) The psalmist feels that the body must share with the soul the immunity from evil which is insured by fellowship with God. Carried out to its full issue, the…
Read Charles John Ellicott on Psalms 16 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 9. Therefore my heart is glad] Unutterably happy in God; always full of the Divine presence; because whatsoever I do pleaseth him. The man Christ Jesus must be constantly in communion with God, because he was without spot and blemish. My glory rejoiceth] My tongue, so called by the Hebrews, (see Psalms 57:8; Psalms 30:12,) because it was bestowed on us to glorify God, and because it is our glory, being the instrument of expressing our thoughts by words. See Dodd. But soul bids as fair to be the meaning. See Clarke on Acts 2:25, c. My flesh also shall rest in hope.] There is no sense in which these and the following words can be spoken of David. Jesus, even on the cross, and breathing…
Read AdamClarke on Psalms 16 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges9–11. The blessed outcome of this fellowship is joy, confidence, progress.
Read Cambridge on Psalms 16 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleTherefore my heart is glad - In view of this fact, that my confidence is in God alone, and my belief that he is my Protector and Friend. See the notes at Acts 2:26.
Read Albert Barnes on Psalms 16 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
Therefore my heart is glad and my tongue rejoices; my body also will dwell securely.
Therefore my heart is glad, and my tongue rejoices. My body shall also dwell in safety.
Therefore my heart is glad and my tongue rejoices; my body also will dwell securely.
So my heart rejoices and I am happy; My life is safe.
Tyndale line
Therefore my heart is glad, and my glory rejoiceth: my flesh also shall rest in hope.
Therefore my heart is glad, and my glory rejoiceth: My flesh also shall dwell in safety.
Therefore my heart is glad, and my glory rejoiceth: my flesh also shall dwell in safety.
Therefore my heart is glad, and my glory rejoiceth: my flesh also shall rest in hope.
Wherefore mine heart is glad and my tongue reioyceth: my flesh also doeth rest in hope.
Strictly literal
Therefore my heart rejoiceth, and my glory exulteth; my flesh moreover shall dwell in hope.
Therefore hath my heart been glad, And my honour doth rejoice, Also my flesh dwelleth confidently:
Therefore my heart has been glad, || And my glory rejoices, || Also my flesh dwells confidently:
Therefore is rejoiced my heart, and my spirit is glad: also my flesh shall rest in safety.
Therefore my heart is glad; my glory is rejoicing. Surely I will live in security.
From the Latin
From the face of the wicked who have afflicted me. My enemies have surrounded my soul:
Simplified
That's why I'm so happy! That's why I am full of joy! That's why my body lives in hope!
Because of this my heart is glad, and my glory is full of joy: while my flesh takes its rest in hope.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint align closely, with 9 of the 9 words matched. The Dead Sea Scrolls show some restoration, with one word on the leather and several supplied by an editor, but the core message remains consistent across these witnesses.
לָכֵ֤ן׀ שָׂמַ֣ח לִ֭בִּי וַיָּ֣גֶל כְּבוֹדִ֑י אַף־ בְּ֝שָׂרִ֗י יִשְׁכֹּ֥ן לָבֶֽטַח׃
9 of the 9 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
[לכן] [שמח] [לב׳י] [ויגל] [כבוד׳י] [אף] בשר׳י ישכן לבטח
1 word on the leather — 2 partly restored, 6 supplied entire by an editor.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Psalms 16:9
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
The Hebrew word כֵּן (*ken*) is built from the root meaning 'set upright.' It functions as an adjective meaning 'right,' 'veritable,' or 'honest,' and as an adverb meaning 'so,' 'therefore,' or 'thus.' It appears in various contexts, often indicating manner or relation, and is used in phrases like 'forasmuch as.'
כֵּן adj. right, veritable, honest
right
veritable, true
pl. concr. honest (men)
base
כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as
base
כֵּן adv. so
base
H3651a כֵּן adj. right, veritable, honest H3651b כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as H3651c כֵּן so
3651 ken kane
from 3559; properly, set upright; hence (figuratively as
adjective) just; but usually (as adverb or conjunction)
rightly or so (in various applications to manner, time and
relation; often with other particles):--+ after that
(this, -ward, -wards), as ... as, + (for-)asmuch as yet, + be
(for which) cause, + following, howbeit, in (the) like
(manner, -wise), X the more, right, (even) so, state,
straightway, such (thing), surely, + there (where)-fore, this,
thus, true, well, X you.
see HEBREW for 03559
כֵּן (ken) — right.
adv
adj
1) right, just, honest, true, veritable
1a) right, just, honest
1b) correct
1c) true, veritable
[כִּי עַל] כֵּן ([ki al] ken) — as.
adv
forasmuch as, since
כֵּן (ken) — so.
adv
1) so, therefore, thus
1a) thus, so
1b) just so
1c) therefore
1d) so...as (paired with adv)
1e) then
1f) forasmuch as (in phrase)
1g) (with prep)
1g1) therefore, this being so (specific)
1g2) hitherto
1g3) therefore, on this ground (general)
1g4) afterwards
1g5) in such case
Aramaic equivalent: ken (כֵּן "thus" H3652)
Prep | Adv — Preposition · adverbHR/D
שָׂמַח (samach) is a Hebrew verb meaning to rejoice or be glad. It can express joy in everyday life, religious contexts, or even exultation. The verb has different forms: Qal (to rejoice), Piel (to cause to rejoice), and Hiphil (to make glad). The entries indicate a range of meanings related to joy and merriment.
שָׂמַח, שָׂמִ֑חַ 154 vb. rejoice, be glad
Qal 126
in common life
rejoice religiously
subj. י׳
Pi. cause to rejoice, gladden
Hiph. = Pi.
base
H8055 שָׂמַח, שָׂמִ֑חַ rejoice, be glad
8055 samach saw-makh'
a primitive root; probably to brighten up, i.e.
(figuratively) be (causatively, make) blithe or
gleesome:--cheer up, be (make) glad, (have, make) joy(-ful),
be (make) merry, (cause to, make to) rejoice, X very.
שָׂמַח (sa.mach) — to rejoice.
1) to rejoice, be glad
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to rejoice
1a2) to rejoice (arrogantly), exult (at)
1a3) to rejoice (religiously)
1b) (Piel) to cause to rejoice, gladden, make glad
1c) (Hiphil) to cause to rejoice, gladden, make glad
V-Qal-Perf-3ms — Verb · Qal · perfect third person masculine singularHVqp3ms
The Hebrew word לֵב (lev) means 'heart' and encompasses the inner man, mind, will, and emotions. It refers to the center of feelings, intellect, and moral character, as well as the seat of appetites and courage. The entries suggest a broad range of meanings related to human experience and thought, with a specific mention of its use in Jeremiah 51:1.
לֵב 599 n.m. (f.) inner man, mind, will, heart
seldom of things in the midst of the sea
elsewhere of men
the inner man in contrast with the outer
the inner man, indef., soul, comprehending mind, affections and will
specific reference to mind
spec. ref. to inclinations, resolutions and determinations of the will
spec. ref. to conscience
[various]
for the man himself
as seat of appetites
as seat of emotions and passions
seat of courage
base
לֵב קָמָי prob. late Atbash Je 51:1.
ref
H3820a לֵב inner man, mind, will, heart . seldom of things in the midst of the sea
. elsewhere of men . the inner man in contrast with the outer
. the inner man, indef., soul, comprehending mind, affections and will
. specific reference to mind
. spec. ref. to inclinations, resolutions and determinations of the will
. spec. ref. to conscience
. [various]
. for the man himself
. as seat of appetites
. as seat of emotions and passions
. seat of courage
H3820b לֵב קָמָי prob. late Atbash
3820 leb labe
a form of 3824; the heart; also used (figuratively) very
widely for the feelings, the will and even the intellect;
likewise for the centre of anything:--+ care for, comfortably,
consent, X considered, courag(-eous), friend(-ly), ((broken-),
(hard-), (merry-), (stiff-), (stout-), double) heart((-ed)), X
heed, X I, kindly, midst, mind(-ed), X regard((-ed)), X
themselves, X unawares, understanding, X well, willingly,
wisdom.
see HEBREW for 03824
לֵב (lev) — heart.
1) inner man, mind, will, heart, understanding
1a) inner part, midst
1a1) midst (of things)
1a2) heart (of man)
1a3) soul, heart (of man)
1a4) mind, knowledge, thinking, reflection, memory
1a5) inclination, resolution, determination (of will)
1a6) conscience
1a7) heart (of moral character)
1a8) as seat of appetites
1a9) as seat of emotions and passions 1a10) as seat of courage
לֵב (lev) — Leb.
§ Leb- = "heart of"
(probably a cryptic name for Babylon by Atbash)
N-ms | Suff — Noun common masculine singular construct · suffixHNcmsc/Sp1bs
גִּיל (giyl) is a Hebrew verb meaning to rejoice or be glad, often associated with a sense of excitement or levity. It can also imply trembling, particularly from fear. The word is built from a root that conveys the idea of spinning around due to strong emotions, covering both joy and fear.
[גִּיל] vb. rejoice (go around or about, be excited to levity)
Qal
rejoice
tremble
base
H1523 גִּיל rejoice (go around or about, be excited to levity)
1523 giyl gheel
or (by permutation) guwl {gool}; a primitive root; properly,
to spin round (under the influence of any violent emotion),
i.e. usually rejoice, or (as cringing) fear:--be glad, joy,
be joyful, rejoice.
גִּיל (gil) — to rejoice.
1) to rejoice, exult, be glad
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to rejoice
1a2) to tremble (from fear)
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms — Verb · Qal · sequential imperfect third person masculine singularHc/Vqw3ms
כָּבוֹד (kabowd) refers to concepts of abundance, honour, and glory. It encompasses external splendor, dignity of position, and reputation, as well as the inner nobility of a person. The term can denote both the weightiness of glory and the reverence due to someone. The entries consistently emphasize its positive connotations.
כָּבוֹד n.m. and f. abundance, honour, glory
abundance, riches
honour, splendor, glory, of external condition and circumstances
honour, dignity of position
honour, reputation, of character
my honour, poet. of the seat of honour in the inner man, the noblest part of man
honour, reverence, glory, as due to one or ascribed to one
glory as the object, of honour, reverence and glorifying
base
H3519 כָּבוֹד abundance, honour, glory . abundance, riches
. honour, splendor, glory, of external condition and circumstances
. honour, dignity of position
. honour, reputation, of character
. my honour, poet. of the seat of honour in the inner man, the noblest part of man
. honour, reverence, glory, as due to one or ascribed to one
. glory as the object, of honour, reverence and glorifying
3519 kabowd kaw-bode'
rarely kabod {kaw-bode'}; from 3513; properly, weight, but
only figuratively in a good sense, splendor or
copiousness:--glorious(-ly), glory, honour(-able).
see HEBREW for 03513
כָּבוֹד (ka.vod) — glory.
1) glory, honour, glorious, abundance
1a) abundance, riches
1b) honour, splendour, glory
1c) honour, dignity
1d) honour, reputation
1e) honour, reverence, glory
1f) glory
N-cs | Suff — Noun common both singular construct · suffixHNcbsc/Sp1ms
The Hebrew word אַף (aph) is a conjunction that indicates addition, often implying something greater. It can mean 'also,' 'yea,' or 'though,' and is used to connect ideas in a sentence. The entries highlight its use as both an adverb and conjunction, with a focus on its additive nature.
אַף conj. denoting addition, esp. of something greater, also, yea
base
H637 אַף conj. denoting addition, esp. of something greater, also, yea
637 'aph af
a primitive particle; meaning accession (used as an adverb or
conjunction); also or yea; adversatively though:--also, +
although, and (furthermore, yet), but, even, + how much less
(more, rather than), moreover, with, yea.
אַף (aph) — also.
conj (denoting addition, esp of something greater)
1) also, yea, though, so much the more
adv
2) furthermore, indeed
Aramaic equivalent: aph (אַף "also" H0638)
DirObjM — ParticleHTj
ol'-so: In the Greek kai, when it is equivalent to "also" or "even," is always placed before the word or phrase which it is intended to emphasize (e.g. Ac 12:3; 1 Joh 4:21). Mt 6:14 should therefore read, "Your heavenly Father will forgive you also"; Lu 6:13, "Whom also he named apostles"; Heb 8:6, "The mediator of a better covenant also"; and 1Th 4:14, `If we believe that Jesus died and rose again, so also (we believe that) those who are fallen asleep in Jesus, God will bring with Him.'
בָּשָׂר (basar) means 'flesh' and encompasses various meanings, including the physical body, kinship, and a euphemism for male genitalia. It can refer to humans, animals, and all living things, highlighting the frailty of man in relation to God. The entries consistently emphasize its bodily and relational aspects.
בָּשָׂר 266 n.m. flesh
of the body
flesh for the body itself
male organ of generation (euphemism)
flesh for kindred, blood-relations
man over against God as frail or erring
base
H1320 בָּשָׂר flesh . of the body
. flesh for the body itself
. male organ of generation (euphemism)
. flesh for kindred, blood-relations
. man over against God as frail or erring
1320 basar baw-sawr'
from 1319; flesh (from its freshness); by extension, body,
person; also (by euphem.) the pudenda of a man:--body, (fat,
lean) flesh(-ed), kin, (man-)kind, + nakedness, self, skin.
see HEBREW for 01319
בָּשָׂר (ba.sar) — flesh.
1) flesh
1a) of the body
1a1) of humans
1a2) of animals
1b) the body itself
1c) male organ of generation (euphemism)
1d) kindred, blood-relations
1e) flesh as frail or erring (man against God)
1f) all living things
1g) animals
1h) mankind
Aramaic equivalent: be.shar (בְּשַׁר "flesh" H1321)
N-ms | Suff — Noun common masculine singular construct · suffixHNcmsc/Sp1bs
שָׁכַן (shakan) is a Hebrew verb meaning to settle down, abide, or dwell. It encompasses various forms of residing, both literally and figuratively, and includes nuances of establishing or causing to dwell. The entries indicate its use in different grammatical forms, such as Qal, Piel, and Hiphil, which express actions related to dwelling and establishing habitation.
שָׁכַן, שָׁכֵ֑ן 129 vb. settle down, abide, dwell
Qal
settle down to abide
abide, dwell
Pi.
make settle down, establish
make to dwell
Hiph.
lay
cause birds to settle
cause to dwell
base
H7931 שָׁכַן, שָׁכֵ֑ן settle down, abide, dwell
7931 shakan shaw-kan'
a primitive root (apparently akin (by transmission) to 7901
through the idea of lodging; compare 5531, 7925); to reside or
permanently stay (literally or figuratively):--abide,
continue, (cause to, make to) dwell(-er), have habitation,
inhabit, lay, place, (cause to) remain, rest, set (up).
see HEBREW for 05531
see HEBREW for 07925
שָׁכַן (sha.khan) — to dwell.
1) to settle down, abide, dwell, tabernacle, reside
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to settle down to abide
1a2) to abide, dwell, reside
1b) (Piel)
1b1) to make settle down, establish
1b2) to make or cause to dwell
1c) (Hiphil)
1c1) to lay, place, set, establish, settle, fix
1c2) to cause to dwell or abide
Aramaic equivalent: she.khan (שְׁכֵן "to dwell" H7932)
V-Qal-Imperf-3ms — Verb · Qal · imperfect third person masculine singularHVqi3ms
dwel:
(1) In the Old Testament "dwell" is a translation of 9 words, of which by far the most frequent is yashabh, "to sit down," translated "dwell" over 400 times (Ge 4:20; Jos 20:4; 1Ch 17:1,4,5, etc.); also very frequently "sit," and sometimes "abide," "inhabit," "remain." Another word often rendered "dwell" is shakhan or shakhen ("to settle down"), from which is derived the rabbinic word shekhinah (literally, "that which dwells"), the light on the mercy-seat which symbolized the Divine presence (Ex 25:8, etc.). In order to avoid appearing to localize the Divine Being, wherever God is said to "dwell" in a place, the Targum renders that He "causes His Shekinah to dwell"…
Dwell
Tents were in primitive times the common dwellings of men. Houses were afterwards built, the walls of which were frequently of mud (Job 24:16; Matt. 6:19, 20) or of sun-dried bricks.
God “dwells in light” (1 Tim. 6:16; 1 John 1:7), in heaven (Ps. 123:1), in his church (Ps. 9:11; 1 John 4:12). Christ dwelt on earth in the days of his humiliation (John 1:14). He now dwells in the hearts of his people (Eph.…
בֶּ֫טַח (betach) refers to security or safety, encompassing both the concept of a secure place and the feelings of trust and assurance. It can also be used adverbially to mean 'safely' or 'securely.' The word is derived from a root meaning 'to trust' and is linked to the idea of refuge.
בֶּ֫טַח n.[m.] security
base
H983 בֶּ֫טַח security
983 betach beh'takh
from 982; properly, a place of refuge; abstract, safety, both
the fact (security) and the feeling (trust); often (adverb
with or without preposition) safely:--assurance, boldly,
(without) care(- less), confidence, hope, safe(-ly, -ty),
secure, surely.
see HEBREW for 0982
בֶּ֫טַח (be.tach) — security.
1) security, safety
adv
2) securely
Prep | N-ms — Preposition · noun common masculine singular absoluteHR/Ncmsa