Psalms 140:10 — Word Study
WLCיִמּ֥וֹטוּ עֲלֵיהֶ֗ם גֶּֽחָ֫לִ֥ים בָּאֵ֥שׁ יַפִּלֵ֑ם בְּ֝מַהֲמֹר֗וֹת בַּֽל־ יָקֽוּמוּ׃
BSAheadrôʼsh surroundsmêçab troubleʻâmâl lipssâphâh to coverkâçâh to coverkâçâh
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| יִמּ֥וֹטוּ | may they be dropped | Verb, Niphal, imperfect third person masculine plural |
| עֲלֵיהֶ֗ם | on them | Preposition, suffix |
| גֶּֽחָ֫לִ֥ים | burning coals | Noun common, masculine plural absolute |
| בָּאֵ֥שׁ | in the fire | Preposition, noun common both singular absolute |
| יַפִּלֵ֑ם | let someone make fall them | Verb hiphil imperfect third person masculine singular, suffix |
| בְּ֝מַהֲמֹר֗וֹת | in pits | Preposition, noun common feminine plural absolute |
| בַּֽל־ | [which] not | Particle |
| יָקֽוּמוּ׃ | they will arise | Verb, Qal, imperfect third person masculine plural |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | May burning coals fall on them; may they be thrown into the fire, into the miry pits, never to rise again. |
| KJV | Let burning coals fall upon them: let them be cast into the fire; into deep pits, that they rise not up again. |
| ASV | Let burning coals fall upon them: Let them be cast into the fire, Into deep pits, whence they shall not rise. |
| YLT | They cause to fall on themselves burning coals, Into fire He doth cast them, Into deep pits — they arise not. |
| WEB | Let burning coals fall on them. Let them be thrown into the fire, into miry pits, from where they never rise. |
| BBE | Let burning flames come down on them: let them be put into the fire, and into deep waters, so that they may not get up again. |
All translations agree on the core message of the verse, focusing on the psalmist's call for judgment.
The structure features a main clause followed by two subordinate phrases detailing the desired actions and outcomes.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
subjectעָמָל
verbרֹאשׁ
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
1 of 8 occurs nowhere else in the Old Testament — a word chosen on purpose.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Psalms 140:10
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — A Cry for Justicegenerated
Psalm 140:10 is part of a plea for divine justice, where the psalmist expresses a desire for the downfall of his adversaries. This verse reflects the intense emotions of the psalmist, who feels surrounded by troublemakers and seeks God's intervention against them. The surrounding verses further emphasize the psalmist's distress and his confidence in God's justice.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Psalm 11:6 | On the wicked He will rain down fiery coals and sulfur; a scorching wind will be their portion. |
| 2 | Psalm 18:13–14 | The LORD thundered from heaven; the voice of the Most High resounded— hailstones and coals of fire. |
| 3 | Psalm 21:9 | You will place them in a fiery furnace at the time of Your appearing. In His wrath the LORD will engulf them, and the fire will consume them. |
| 4 | Psalm 120:4 | Sharp arrows will come from the warrior, with burning coals of the broom tree! |
| 5 | Genesis 19:24 | Then the LORD rained down sulfur and fire on Sodom and Gomorrah—from the LORD out of the heavens. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 13 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — יִמּ֥וֹטוּ, ya.mi.tugenerated
The verb יִמּוֹטוּ (ya.mi.tu) is in the Niphal form, indicating a passive action, meaning 'may they be dropped' or 'may they fall.' It conveys a sense of instability, as if the subjects are to be shaken or brought low.
This word appears frequently in contexts describing instability or downfall, aligning with the psalmist's wish for his enemies to experience a similar fate. The construction suggests a divine action causing their fall, emphasizing the psalmist's reliance on God for justice.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
All translations agree on the essence of the verse, expressing a desire for burning coals to fall on the enemies and for them to be cast into the fire.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The verse's main action is governed by the verb יִמּ֥וֹטוּ, ya.mi.tu, with several phrases detailing the desired outcome. The structure emphasizes the psalmist's intent and the consequences he wishes for his enemies.
The arrangement of the phrases highlights the progression from the action of falling coals to the ultimate fate of the enemies, reinforcing the urgency of the psalmist's plea.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
In the Septuagint, the Hebrew יִמּ֥וֹטוּ is rendered as κεφαλὴ (kephalē), meaning 'head' or 'chief.' This choice reflects a shift in focus, possibly indicating a desire for the leaders of the enemies to face judgment.
This translation choice may suggest a broader interpretation, where the psalmist's call for judgment extends to those in positions of authority among his adversaries.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Psalm 140:10 expresses a strong desire for God's judgment on the psalmist's enemies. He wishes for burning coals to fall on them and for them to be thrown into the fire and deep pits, never to rise again. This reflects his plea for justice and the end of their threat.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
The burning coals symbolize judgment and destruction, representing the intense consequences the psalmist desires for his enemies.
This reflects a desire for finality in their defeat, indicating that the psalmist seeks complete justice and the end of their threat.
The miry pits symbolize a place of deep trouble or despair, suggesting that the psalmist wishes for his enemies to be trapped and unable to escape.
It shows a strong belief in divine justice, where the psalmist trusts that God will intervene and bring about the downfall of those who oppose him.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What does this verse teach about the nature of justice from a biblical perspective?
- How can we understand the psalmist's desire for judgment in light of our own experiences with conflict?
- In what ways can we seek justice while also extending mercy, as taught in other parts of Scripture?
- How does this verse challenge us to think about our own responses to those who oppose us?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Early commentary on this verse includes Augustine of Hippo, who reflects on the themes of divine judgment and retribution as expressed in this psalm.
"Coals of fire shall fall upon them upon earth, and You shall cast them down" [Psalms 140:10].Early Church Fathers on Psalms 140 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Psalms 140:10 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleLet burning coals fall upon them,.... From heaven, as the Targum, Aben Ezra, and Kimchi, by way of explanation; alluding to the burning of Sodom and Gomorrah with fire from thence: and may design
Read John Gill on Psalms 140 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryLet burning coals fall upon them: let them be cast into the fire; into deep pits, that they rise not up again.
Read Robert Jamieson on Psalms 140 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleBurning coals; Divine vengeance, which is compared to coals of fire, as , and elsewhere. Rise not up again; either to my danger, or their own comfort.
Read Matthew Poole on Psalms 140 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsPsalms 140:10 Let burning coals fall upon them: let them be cast into the fire; into deep pits, that they rise not up again.Ver. 10. Let burning coals fall upon them] Conflagrent ut corruant. Haec sunt non tam vota quam vaticinia.
Read John Trapp on Psalms 140 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(10) In this verse too there is a grammatical difficulty, which the margin, “Let there fall on them,” instead of “Let them bring upon them,” does not remove, since the subject of the next verb is third person singular. The first verb is usually taken impersonally, as by the LXX., which version is actually to be followed in rendering coals of fire (literally, coals accompanied with fire, or, coals as fire), and we get the somewhat awkward, but intelligible— “Let them bring upon them coals of fire; Let him cast them into pits that they rise not again.’ But a very slight change gives a plain grammatical sentence with the subject carried on from the last verse: “Let it (mischief) bring even…
Read Charles John Ellicott on Psalms 140 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 10. Let burning coals] The Chaldee considers this as spoken against Ahithophel, who was head of a conspiracy against David; and translates this verse thus: "Let coals from heaven fall upon them, precipitate them into the fire of hell, and into miry pits, from which they shall not have a resurrection to eternal life." This is a proof that the Jews did believe in a resurrection of the body, and an eternal life for that body, in the case of the righteous.
Read AdamClarke on Psalms 140 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges10. Let the fate of Sodom overtake these defiant offenders! Possibly we should read, comparing Psalms 11:6, May he rain hot coals upon them! may he cast them into the fire!deep pits] A word of uncertain meaning, found here only. Some render whirlpools: cp. R.V. marg. floods. If they try to escape the fiery storm, may they be swept away by torrents! that they rise not up again] Let their fall be final and irremediable (Psalms 36:12), in contrast to that of the righteous, who falls to rise again (Proverbs 24:16).
Read Cambridge on Psalms 140 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleLet burning coals fall upon them - Let them be punished, “as if” burning coals were poured upon them. See Psalms 11:6, note; Psalms 18:12-13, notes; Psalms 120:4, note.
Read Albert Barnes on Psalms 140 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
May burning coals fall on them; may they be thrown into the fire, into the miry pits, never to rise again.
Let burning coals fall on them. Let them be thrown into the fire, into miry pits, from where they never rise.
May burning coals fall on them; may they be thrown into the fire, into the miry pits, never to rise again.
May he rain down fiery coals upon them! May he throw them into the fire! From bottomless pits they will not escape.
Tyndale line
Let burning coals fall upon them: let them be cast into the fire; into deep pits, that they rise not up again.
Let burning coals fall upon them: Let them be cast into the fire, Into deep pits, whence they shall not rise.
Let burning coals fall upon them: let them be cast into the fire; into deep pits, that they rise not up again.
Let burning coals fall upon them: let them be cast into the fire; into deep pits, that they rise not again.
Let coles fal vpon them: let him cast them into the fire, and into the deepe pits, that they rise not.
Strictly literal
Let burning coals fall on them; let them be cast into the fire; into deep waters, that they rise not up again.
They cause to fall on themselves burning coals, Into fire He doth cast them, Into deep pits — they arise not.
They cause burning coals to fall on themselves, || He casts them into fire, || Into deep pits—they do not arise.
(140:11) Let burning coals be cast upon them: let them be thrown into the fire; into deep pits, that they rise not up again.
Let burning coals fall on them; throw them into the fire, into bottomless pits, never more to rise.
From the Latin
The wicked shall fall in his net: I am alone until I pass.
Simplified
Let burning coals rain down on them! Let them be thrown into the fire, or into bottomless pits, never to rise again.
Let burning flames come down on them: let them be put into the fire, and into deep waters, so that they may not get up again.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint show some agreement, with four of the eight words matching. However, the Septuagint's word order and structure differ from the Hebrew text, indicating a distinct interpretative approach.
יִמּ֥וֹטוּ עֲלֵיהֶ֗ם גֶּֽחָ֫לִ֥ים בָּאֵ֥שׁ יַפִּלֵ֑ם בְּ֝מַהֲמֹר֗וֹת בַּֽל־ יָקֽוּמוּ׃
4 of the 8 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Psalms 140:10
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
מוֹט (mot) is a Hebrew verb meaning to totter, shake, or slip. It has various forms, including Qal (to totter), Niphal (to be shaken), Hiphil (to dislodge), and Hithpael (to be greatly shaken). The entries indicate a range of meanings related to instability and movement, but do not specify any particular Old Testament verses.
[מוֹט] vb. totter, shake, slip
Qal totter, slip
Niph. be shaken, moved, overthrown
Hiph. dislodge, let fall, drop
Hithpo‛l. be greatly shaken
base
H4131 [מוֹט] totter, shake, slip
4131 mowt mote
a primitive root; to waver; by implication , to slip, shake,
fall:--be carried, cast, be out of course, be fallen in
decay, X exceedingly, fall(-ing down), be (re-)moved, be
ready, shake, slide, slip.
מוֹט (mot) — to shake.
1) to totter, shake, slip
1a) (Qal) to totter, shake, slip
1b) (Niphal) to be shaken, be moved, be overthrown
1c) (Hiphil) to dislodge, let fall, drop
1d) (Hithpael) to be greatly shaken
HVNi3mp — Verb · Niphal · imperfect third person masculine pluralHVNi3mp
The Hebrew word עַל (*al*) is a preposition meaning 'upon' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including 'on account of,' 'beside,' 'above,' and 'against.' It can indicate physical placement, emotional burdens, or duties imposed on a person. The entries also note its use in idiomatic expressions and with verbs of motion. There is a mention of its function as a conjunction in certain contexts.
כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as
base
עַל, עָ֑ל
subst. height
As prep. upon, and hence on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against
Upon, of the substratum upon which an object in any way rests, or on which an action is performed
—
of clothing, etc., which any one wears
With verbs of covering or protecting, even though the cover or veil be not over or above the thing covered, but around or before it
Of what rests heavily upon a person, or is a burden to him
Of a duty, payment, care, etc., imposed upon a person, or devolving on him
על is used idiom. to give pathos to the expression of an emotion, by emphasizing the person who is its subject, and who, as it were, feels it acting upon him
חָיָה עַל to live upon (as upon a foundation or support)
H5921a עַל, עָ֑ל . As prep. upon, and hence on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against . Upon, of the substratum upon which an object in any way rests, or on which an action is performed . — . of clothing, etc., which any one wears
. With verbs of covering or protecting, even though the cover or veil be not over or above the thing covered, but around or before it
. Of what rests heavily upon a person, or is a burden to him
. Of a duty, payment, care, etc., imposed upon a person, or devolving on him
. על is used idiom. to give pathos to the expression of an emotion, by emphasizing the person who is its subject, and who, as it were, feels it acting upon him
. חָיָה עַל to live upon (as upon a foundation or support)
5921 `al al
properly, the same as 5920 used as a preposition (in the
singular or plural often with prefix, or as conjunction with a
particle following); above, over, upon, or against (yet always
in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great
variety of applications (as follow):--above, according
to(-ly), after, (as) against, among, and, X as, at, because
of, beside (the rest of), between, beyond the time, X both
and, by (reason of), X had the charge of, concerning for, in
(that), (forth, out) of, (from) (off), (up-)on, over, than,
through(-out), to, touching, X with.
see HEBREW for 05920
עַל (al) — upon.
prep
1) upon, on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against
1a) upon, on the ground of, on the basis of, on account of, because of, therefore, on behalf of, for the sake of, for, with, in spite of, notwithstanding, concerning, in the matter of, as regards
1b) above, beyond, over (of excess)
1c) above, over (of elevation or pre-eminence)
1d) upon, to, over to, unto, in addition to, together with, with (of addition)
1e) over (of suspension or extension)
1f) by, adjoining, next, at, over, around (of contiguity or proximity)
1g) down upon, upon, on, from, up upon, up to, towards, over towards, to, against (with verbs of motion)
1h) to (as a dative)
[כִּי] עַל [כֵּן] ([ki] al [ken]) — as.
conj
HRd/Sp3mp — Preposition · suffixHRd/Sp3mp
גַּחֶ֫לֶת (gechel) refers to coal, specifically burning coal or hot coals. It is derived from an unused root meaning to glow or kindle. The entries consistently define it as an ember or coal, without significant disagreement among the lexicons.
גַּחֶ֫לֶת n.f. coal
base
H1513 גַּחֶ֫לֶת coal
1513 gechel geh'-khel
or (feminine) gacheleth {gah-kheh'-leth}; from an unused root
meaning to glow or kindle; an ember:--(burning) coal.
גַּחֶ֫לֶת (ge.chel) — coal.
coal, burning coal, coals of fire, hot coals
HNcmpa — Noun common · masculine plural absoluteHNcmpa
אֵשׁ (esh) means 'fire' and encompasses various types, including natural fire, supernatural fire associated with divine appearances, and fire used for cooking or on altars. It can also figuratively represent God's anger. The entries consistently highlight its literal and metaphorical uses, with no significant disagreement among lexicons.
אֵשׁ 377 n.f. fire
fire, of conflagration
of supernatural fire
fire for cooking, roasting, parching
esp. of altar fire
fig. of Yahweh's anger
in various combinations
base
H784 אֵשׁ fire . fire, of conflagration
. of supernatural fire
. fire for cooking, roasting, parching
. esp. of altar fire
. fig. of Yahweh's anger
. in various combinations
784 'esh aysh
a primitive word; fire (literally or figuratively):--
burning, fiery, fire, flaming, hot.
אֵשׁ (esh) — fire.
1) fire
1a) fire, flames
1b) supernatural fire (accompanying theophany)
1c) fire (for cooking, roasting, parching)
1d) altar-fire
1e) God's anger (fig.)
Aramaic equivalent: esh (אֶשָּׁא "fire" H0785)
HRd/Ncbsa — Preposition · noun common both singular absoluteHRd/Ncbsa
fir ('esh; pur):
These are the common words for fire, occurring very frequently. 'Ur, "light" (Isa 24:15 the King James Version; compare the Revised Version (British and American); Isa 31:9, and see FIRES), nur (Aramaic) (Da 3:22 ff) are found a few times, also 'eshshah (Jer 6:29), and be`erah (Ex 22:6), once each. Ac 28:2,3 has pura, "pyre," and Mr 14:54; Lu 22:56, phos, "light," the Revised Version (British and American) "in the light (of the fire)." "To set…
Fire
(1.) For sacred purposes. The sacrifices were consumed by fire (Gen. 8:20). The ever-burning fire on the altar was first kindled from heaven (Lev. 6:9, 13; 9:24), and afterwards rekindled at the dedication of Solomon’s temple (2 Chr. 7:1, 3). The expressions “fire from heaven” and “fire of the Lord” generally denote lightning, but sometimes also the fire of the altar was so called (Ex. 29:18; Lev. 1:9; 2:3; 3:5, 9).
Fire for a sacred purpose obtained otherwise than from the altar was called “strange fire” (Lev. 10:1, 2;
is represented as the symbol of Jehovah’s presence and the instrument of his power, in the way either of approval or of destruction. (Exodus 3:2; 14:19) etc. There could not be a better symbol for Jehovah than this of fire, it being immaterial, mysterious, but visible, warming, cheering, comforting, but also terrible and consuming. Parallel with this application of fire and with its symbolical meaning are to be noted the similar use for sacrificial purposes and the respect paid to it, or to the heavenly bodies as symbols of deity, which prevailed among so many nations of antiquity, and of which the traces are not even now extinct; e.g. the Sabean and Magian systems of worship. (Isaiah 27:9) Fire for sacred purposes obtained elsewhere than from the altar was called "strange fire," and for the use of such Nadab and Abihu were punished…
In Scripture, is often connected with the presence of Jehovah; as in the burning bush, and on Mount Sinai, Ex 3:2 19:18 Ps 18:1-50 Hab 1:1-3:19. The second coming of Christ will be "in flaming fire," 2Th 1:8. In the New Testament it illustrates the enlightening, cheering, and purifying agency of the Holy Spirit, Mt 3:11 Ac 2:3. By sending fire from heaven to consume sacrifices, God often signified his acceptance of them: as in the case of Abel, Ge 4:4; Abraham, Ge…
נָפַל (naphal) is a Hebrew verb meaning 'to fall,' encompassing a wide range of applications, including falling by accident, experiencing violent death, or going to ruin. It can also refer to prostrating oneself, attacking, or causing someone to fall. The term appears in various contexts throughout the Old Testament, often indicating physical or metaphorical downfall.
נָפַל 433 vb. fall, lie
Qal 366
fall, by accident
Esp. of violent death
fig. = go to ruin, perish, etc.
fig. = experience calamity
fall, of a city
Fall prostrate
fall = prostrate oneself before
fall upon one's neck, in embrace
Fall upon = attack
desert or fall away to, go over to
Fig., of deep sleep
Other idiomatic uses
= lie; = lie prostrate
Hiph.
cause to fall
Of causing death; = overthrow, bring to destruction
Esp. of casting lot
Fig., let drop, cause to fail
cause deep sleep to fall
Other idioms
Hithp. throw, or prostrate oneself
base
H5307 נָפַל fall, lie .. fall, by accident
. . Esp. of violent death
. fig. = go to ruin, perish, etc.
. fig. = experience calamity
. fall, of a city
. . Fall prostrate
. fall = prostrate oneself before
. fall upon one's neck, in embrace
. . Fall upon = attack
. desert or fall away to, go over to
. Fig., of deep sleep
. Other idiomatic uses
. = lie; = lie prostrate
. . cause to fall
. Of causing death; = overthrow, bring to destruction
. Esp. of casting lot
. Fig., let drop, cause to fail
. cause deep sleep to fall
. Other idioms
. throw, or prostrate oneself
5307 naphal naw-fal'
a primitive root; to fall, in a great variety of applications
(intransitive or causative, literal or figurative):--be
accepted, cast (down, self, (lots), out), cease, die, divide
(by lot), (let) fail, (cause to, let, make, ready to) fall
(away, down, -en, -ing), fell(-ing), fugitive, have
(inheritance), inferior, be judged (by mistake for 6419), lay
(along), (cause to) lie down, light (down), be (X hast) lost,
lying, overthrow, overwhelm, perish, present(-ed, -ing), (make
to) rot, slay, smite out, X surely, throw down.
see HEBREW for 06419
נָפַל (na.phal) — to fall: fall.
: fall/drop/fail
1) to fall, lie, be cast down, fail
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to fall
1a2) to fall (of violent death)
1a3) to fall prostrate, prostrate oneself before
1a4) to fall upon, attack, desert, fall away to, go away to, fall into the hand of
1a5) to fall short, fail, fall out, turn out, result
1a6) to settle, waste away, be offered, be inferior to
1a7) to lie, lie prostrate
1b) (Hiphil)
1b1) to cause to fall, fell, throw down, knock out, lay prostrate
1b2) to overthrow
1b3) to make the lot fall, assign by lot, apportion by lot
1b4) to let drop, cause to fail (fig.)
1b5) to cause to fall
1c) (Hithpael)
1c1) to throw or prostrate oneself, throw oneself upon
1c2) to lie prostrate, prostrate oneself
1d) (Pilel) to fall
נָפַל (na.phal) — to fall: deserting.
: deserting
1) to fall, lie, be cast down, fail
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to fall
1a2) to fall (of violent death)
HVhi3ms/Sp3mp — Verb hiphil imperfect third person masculine singular · suffixHVhi3ms/Sp3mp
מַהֲמֹרָה (mahamorah) refers to a flood or a watery pit, suggesting a place associated with flowing water. The term is derived from an unused root of uncertain meaning, possibly indicating an abyss or deep pit. It appears in the plural form in Psalm 140:11.
[מַהֲמֹרָה] n.f. flood, or watery pit (prop. place of flowing waters;—only pl. ψ 140:11
ref
H4113 מַהֲמֹרָה
4113 mahamorah mah-ham-o-raw'
from an unused root of uncertain meaning; perhaps an
abyss:--deep pit.
מַהֲמֹרָה (ma.ha.mo.rah) — flood.
a flood, a pit of water, watery pit
HR/Ncfpa — Preposition · noun common feminine plural absoluteHR/Ncfpa
בַּל (bal) is an adverb meaning 'not' or 'none.' It conveys a sense of negation, indicating absence or failure. The word is derived from a root that implies nothingness and can also be used in contexts like 'lest' or 'neither.' The entries consistently emphasize its function as a negation in various forms.
בַּל 69 adv. not
base
H1077 בַּל not
1077 bal bal
from 1086; properly, a failure; by implication nothing;
usually (adverb) not at all; also lest:--lest, neither, no,
none (that...), not (any), nothing.
see HEBREW for 01086
בַּל (bal) — not.
not, hardly, else
HTn — ParticleHTn
The Hebrew word קוּם (qum) is a primitive root meaning 'to rise' and encompasses a range of actions such as standing, becoming powerful, and establishing. It can imply a sudden or hostile rise, as well as the act of fulfilling or confirming something. The entries also note various grammatical forms, indicating its use in different contexts, including raising up or causing to stand.
לֵב קָמָי prob. late Atbash Je 51:1.
ref
קוּם 628 vb. arise, stand up, stand
Qal 460
arise
arise, in hostile sense (oft. with idea of suddenness)
arise, abs., = become powerful
arise = come on the scene, appear, of leader, prophet
arise for, i.e. to become
arise for action
arise (out of inaction), introducing some specific deed
esp. arise = start, make a move, to go somewhere
stand
Pi.
fulfil
confirm, ratify
confirm, establish
impose, an obligation
Pō‛l. raise up
Hithpō‛l. raise oneself, = rise up
Hiph.
146cause to arise, raise
raise, set up, stones
erect, build
fig, of setting up law
raise up = bring on the scene
raise up = rouse, stir up
instigate, build
fig, of setting up law
raise up = constitute
cause to stand
Hoph. be raised up
base
H6965a לֵב קָמָי prob. late Atbash H6965b קוּם arise, stand up, stand .. arise
. arise, in hostile sense (oft. with idea of suddenness)
. arise, abs., = become powerful
. arise = come on the scene, appear, of leader, prophet
. arise for, i.e. to become
. . arise for action
. arise (out of inaction), introducing some specific deed
. esp. arise = start, make a move, to go somewhere
. stand
. . fulfil
. . confirm, ratify
. confirm, establish
. impose, an obligation
. raise up
. raise oneself, = rise up
. . cause to arise, raise
. . raise, set up, stones
. erect, build
. fig, of setting up law
. raise up = bring on the scene
. . raise up = rouse, stir up
. instigate, build
. fig, of setting up law
. raise up = constitute
. cause to stand
. be raised up
6965 quwm koom
a primitive root; to rise (in various applications, literal,
figurative, intensive and causative):--abide, accomplish, X
be clearer, confirm, continue, decree, X be dim, endure, X
enemy, enjoin, get up, make good, help, hold, (help to) lift
up (again), make, X but newly, ordain, perform, pitch, raise
(up), rear (up), remain, (a-)rise (up) (again, against), rouse
up, set (up), (e-)stablish, (make to) stand (up), stir up,
strengthen, succeed, (as-, make) sure(-ly), (be) up(-hold, -
rising).
קָמָי (qa.may) — (Leb)-kamai.
Combined with lev (לֵב "Leb" H3820B)
§ -Kamai = "my adversary"
Leb-kamai, i.e., people of Gambulai
קוּם (qum) — to arise: rise.
: rise/get_going
1) to rise, arise, stand, rise up, stand up
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to arise
1a2) to arise (hostile sense)
1a3) to arise, become powerful
1a4) to arise, come on the scene
1a5) to stand
1a5a) to maintain oneself
1a5b) to be established, be confirmed
1a5c) to stand, endure
1a5d) to be fixed
1a5e) to be valid
1a5f) to be proven
1a5g) to be fulfilled
1a5h) to persist
1a5i) to be set, be fixed
1b) (Piel)
1b1) to fulfil
1b2) to confirm, ratify, establish, impose
1c) (Polel) to raise up
1d) (Hithpael) to raise oneself, rise up
1e) (Hiphil)
1e1) to cause to arise, raise
1e2) to raise, set up, erect, build
1e3) to raise up, bring on the scene
1e4) to raise up, rouse, stir up, investigate
1e5) to raise up, constitute
HVqi3mp — Verb · Qal · imperfect third person masculine pluralHVqi3mp