Psalms 11:6 — Word Study
WLCיַמְטֵ֥ר עַל־ רְשָׁעִ֗ים פַּ֫חִ֥ים אֵ֣שׁ וְ֭גָפְרִית וְר֥וּחַ זִלְעָפ֗וֹת מְנָ֣ת כּוֹסָֽם׃
BSAOnʻal the wickedrâshâʻ [morally wrong, guilty of crime or sin] He will rain downmâṭar▸ [blazing] fieryʼêsh coalspach [flaming pieces of metal] and sulfurgophrîyth [highly flammable, brimstone] a scorchingzalʻâphâh [severe] windrûwach [a blast of air] will be their portionmᵉnâth [allotted share]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| יַמְטֵ֥ר | he will rain down | Verb, Hiphil, jussive third person masculine singular |
| עַל־ | on | Preposition |
| רְשָׁעִ֗ים | wicked [people] | Noun common, masculine plural absolute |
| פַּ֫חִ֥ים | snares | Noun common, masculine plural absolute |
| אֵ֣שׁ | fire | Noun common, both singular absolute |
| וְ֭גָפְרִית | and sulfur | Conjunction, noun common feminine singular absolute |
| וְר֥וּחַ | and [will be] a wind of | Conjunction, noun common feminine singular construct |
| זִלְעָפ֗וֹת | burning heat | Noun common, feminine plural absolute |
| מְנָ֣ת | [the] portion of | Noun common, feminine singular construct |
| כּוֹסָֽם׃ | cup their | Noun common feminine singular construct, suffix |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | On the wicked He will rain down fiery coals and sulfur; a scorching wind will be their portion. |
| KJV | Upon the wicked he shall rain snares, fire and brimstone, and an horrible tempest: this shall be the portion of their cup. |
| ASV | Upon the wicked he will rain snares; Fire and brimstone and burning wind shall be the portion of their cup. |
| YLT | He poureth on the wicked snares, fire, and brimstone, And a horrible wind [is] the portion of their cup. |
| WEB | On the wicked he will rain blazing coals; fire, sulfur, and scorching wind shall be the portion of their cup. |
| BBE | On the evil-doer he will send down fire and flames, and a burning wind; with these will their cup be full. |
Where they part company is in their phrasing of the action described by יַמְטֵ֥ר — see How Translations Differ.
The sentence has one main clause with additional phrases that elaborate on the nature of the judgment.







8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
verbמָטַר
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Psalms 11:6
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Judgment of the Wickedgenerated
Psalm 11:6 depicts the consequences awaiting the wicked, emphasizing God's role as a righteous judge. The psalmist asserts that the Lord observes the actions of humanity and will respond to injustice. This verse serves as a warning about the fate of those who oppose God's ways, contrasting it with the safety of the righteous, as noted in the surrounding verses.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Psalm 105:32 | He gave them hail for rain, with lightning throughout their land. |
| 2 | Genesis 19:24 | Then the LORD rained down sulfur and fire on Sodom and Gomorrah—from the LORD out of the heavens. |
| 3 | Exodus 9:23–24 | So Moses stretched out his staff toward heaven, and the LORD sent thunder and hail, and lightning struck the earth. So the LORD rained down hail upon the land of Egypt. |
| 4 | Job 18:15 | Fire resides in his tent; burning sulfur rains down on his dwelling. |
| 5 | Job 20:23 | When he has filled his stomach, God will vent His fury upon him, raining it down on him as he eats. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 19 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — יַמְטֵ֥ר, yam.Tergenerated
The verb מָטַר (matar) means 'to rain' and is in the Hiphil stem, indicating causation. Here, it describes God actively sending down judgment upon the wicked, illustrating His power over nature and justice.
This usage highlights God's authority to enact punishment, as rain is often seen as a blessing or curse in biblical literature. The jussive form expresses a strong intention, suggesting that this action is both imminent and inevitable.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study references the Berean Standard Bible, which uses rain down for יַמְטֵ֥ר.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The finite verb יַמְטֵ֥ר (yam.Ter) governs the entire verse, with a prepositional phrase indicating the target of the action, followed by a noun phrase that details what is being sent down. This structure emphasizes God's direct involvement in the judgment.
The overall sentence structure reflects a cause-and-effect relationship, where the action of raining down fiery coals and sulfur leads to the resulting portion of the wicked.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint uses ἐπιβρέχει to translate יַמְטֵ֥ר, which conveys the same sense of pouring down. This choice maintains the imagery of divine judgment while aligning with Greek literary conventions.
The translation indicates a direct action from God, reinforcing the theme of divine retribution present in the Hebrew text.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Psalm 11:6 warns that God will bring severe judgment on the wicked, using imagery of fiery coals and sulfur to illustrate the punishment they will face. This verse emphasizes God's role as a righteous judge who observes the actions of humanity.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
The verse indicates that the wicked will face divine judgment, symbolized by fiery coals and sulfur.
Fire and sulfur symbolize destruction and judgment, often associated with God's wrath against sin.
This verse highlights the contrast between the fate of the wicked and the protection of the righteous, reinforcing the theme of God's justice.
This verse reveals God's nature as a just judge who will not overlook wickedness and will enact punishment on those who oppose Him.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What are some examples of injustice in the world today, and how can we respond to them?
- How does understanding God's judgment shape our view of morality and justice?
- In what ways can we ensure we are living righteously in light of this warning?
- How can we share the message of God's justice and mercy with others?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Early Church Fathers reference this verse to discuss God's judgment and the consequences of sin, illustrating its theological significance.
Harsh punishments are often denoted in Scripture by the word cup.… So it follows that even in this place “cup” denotes the punishment to be poured out, especially, the fullness of this cup is fire, sulphur and a stormy wind,Early Church Fathers on Psalms 11 →
"He shall rain snares upon the sinners" [Psalms 11:6]. If by clouds are understood prophets generally, whether good or bad,Early Church Fathers on Psalms 11 →
Eternal life will be given in the future only to the one to whom forgiveness of sins has been given in this world. Only he will receive the forgiveness of sins here who renounces his sins and hastens to the highest and true God with true…Early Church Fathers on Psalms 11 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Psalms 11:6 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleUpon the wicked,.... The wicked one, the man of sin, antichrist, and upon all that worship the beast and his image, on all persecutors, and upon all wicked men in general: he shall rain snares, fire,
Read John Gill on Psalms 11 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryUpon the wicked he shall rain snares, fire and brimstone, and an horrible tempest: this shall be the portion of their cup.
Read Robert Jamieson on Psalms 11 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleHe shall rain; which notes their original to be extraordinary, and from God’ s hand; and withal, that they should come plentifully, swiftly, and suddenly, violently and unavoidably, as rain commonly doth fall from heaven. Snares, i.e. grievous plagues or judgments, which are called snares here, as also ,10 22:10 24:17,18; partly because wicked men are ofttimes surprised with them when they least expect them, ; and partly because they cannot escape them, nor get out of them, but are held fast and destroyed by them. Fire and brimstone, and a horrible tempest, i.e. dreadful judgments, so called metaphorically, and by allusion to the destruction of Sodom and other places by these means. But…
Read Matthew Poole on Psalms 11 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsPsalms 11:6 Upon the wicked he shall rain snares, fire and brimstone, and an horrible tempest: [this shall be] the portion of their cup.Ver. 6. Upon the wicked he shall rain snares] His soul hateth them; and as revenge is the next effect of hatred, he will exercise horrible judgmeuts upon them. Go on they may in their wicked ways for a time, and happily think to outrun wrath, but it shall easily overtake them, and inevitably: for the first thing that God shall rain upon them is snares, to catch and hold them fast, that they may surely suffer the rest that follow. "Take him, and lead him away safely," saith Judas concernmg Jesus to the soldiers, Mark 14:44. And the same in effect saith God…
Read John Trapp on Psalms 11 →
Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(6) Rain snares.—Or nooses. (Comp. 1 Corinthians 7:35.) This is certainly an extraordinary figure, and various emendations have been suggested. Ewald’s “coals of fire” (pecham for pachîm) is the best (comp. Psalms 18:13, where the Hebrew word, however, is gechalîm, “live, or red coals”; while pecham is used in Proverbs 26:21 as fuel for fire, in contrast with live coals: but in Isaiah 44:12; Isaiah 54:16 it is itself plainly burning coal.) He arranges the clauses thus: “Causeth to rain upon wicked men coals of fire with brimstone; a glowing blast is the portion of their cup.” “Put we our quarrel to the will of Heaven, Who, when he sees the hours ripe on earth, Will rain hot vengeance on…
Read Charles John Ellicott on Psalms 11 →
AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 6. Upon the wicked he shall rain] This is a manifest allusion to the destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah. Snares] Judgments shall fall upon them suddenly and unawares. Fire] Such as shall come immediately from God, and be inextinguishable. Brimstone] Melted by the fire, for their drink! This shall be the portion of their cup. A horrible tempest] רוח זלעפות ruach zilaphoth, "the spirit of terrors." Suffering much, and being threatened with more, they shall be filled with confusion and dismay. My old MS. has gost of stormis. See at the end. See Clarke on Psalms 11:7. Or, the blast of destructions. This may refer to the horribly suffocating Arabian wind, called [Arabic] Smum. Mohammed, in…
Read AdamClarke on Psalms 11 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges6. Literally: Let him rain snares upon the wicked! Fire and brimstone and scorching blast be the portion of their cup! A wish takes the place of the simple statement (he shall rain) which might have been expected. Cp. Psalms 12:3. May the wicked meet the fate of Sodom, so often alluded to as the typical example of signal judgment upon gross and defiant sin. The language is borrowed from Genesis 19:24. Cp. Deuteronomy 29:23; Ezekiel 38:22. The ‘snares’ are to entangle them so that they cannot escape from the fire which consumes, and the fatal simoom which suffocates. But possibly we should follow the version of Symmachus in reading coals of fire for snares. So Cheyne and others. Cp. Psalms…
Read Cambridge on Psalms 11 →
Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleUpon the wicked - Upon all the wicked. He shall rain - He shall pour down as in a furious tempest.
Read Albert Barnes on Psalms 11 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
On the wicked He will rain down fiery coals and sulfur; a scorching wind will be their portion.
On the wicked he will rain blazing coals; fire, sulfur, and scorching wind shall be the portion of their cup.
On the wicked He will rain down fiery coals and sulfur; a scorching wind will be their portion.
May the Lord rain down burning coals and brimstone on the wicked! A whirlwind is what they deserve!
Tyndale line
Upon the wicked he shall rain snares, fire and brimstone, and an horrible tempest: this shall be the portion of their cup.
Upon the wicked he will rain snares; Fire and brimstone and burning wind shall be the portion of their cup.
Upon the wicked he shall rain snares; fire and brimstone and burning wind shall be the portion of their cup.
Upon the wicked he shall rain snares, fire and brimstone, and a horrible tempest: this shall be the portion of their cup.
Vpon the wicked he shall raine snares, fire, and brimstone, and stormie tempest: this is the porcion of their cup.
Strictly literal
Upon the wicked he shall rain snares, fire and brimstone; and scorching wind shall be the portion of their cup.
He poureth on the wicked snares, fire, and brimstone, And a horrible wind [is] the portion of their cup.
He pours on the wicked snares, fire, and brimstone, || And a horrible wind [is] the portion of their cup.
He letteth rain upon the wicked burning coals, fire and brimstone; and a glowing wind is the portion of their cup.
He rains burning coals and brimstone upon the wicked; a scorching wind will be their portion from his cup!
From the Latin
By reason of the misery of the needy, and the groans of the poor, now will I arise, saith the Lord. I win set him in safety; I will deal confidently in his regard.
Simplified
He will make blazing coals and sulfur rain down on the wicked; a scorching wind is what's coming on them.
On the evil-doer he will send down fire and flames, and a burning wind; with these will their cup be full.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint agree on the wording of this verse, with all ten Hebrew words matched in the Greek translation. This consistency suggests a shared understanding of the text's meaning across these traditions.
יַמְטֵ֥ר עַל־ רְשָׁעִ֗ים פַּ֫חִ֥ים אֵ֣שׁ וְ֭גָפְרִית וְר֥וּחַ זִלְעָפ֗וֹת מְנָ֣ת כּוֹסָֽם׃
10 of the 10 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Psalms 11:6
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
מָטַר (matar) is a Hebrew verb meaning 'to rain.' It can refer to the act of raining or being rained upon, with specific forms indicating whether the subject is causing rain to fall or simply receiving it. The entries highlight its use in both the Niphal and Hiphil stems, covering various aspects of rain.
[מָטַר] vb. denom. [rain]
Niph. be rained upon
Hiph. send rain, rain
base
H4305 מָטַר vb. denom. [rain] . be rained upon
. send rain, rain
4305 matar maw-tar'
a primitive root; to rain:--(cause to) rain (upon).
מָטַר (ma.tar) — to rain.
1) to rain
1a) (Niphal) to be rained on or upon
1b) (Hiphil)
1b1) to rain, send rain
1b2) to rain hail, send hail
V-Hiphil-Imperf-3ms — Verb · Hiphil · jussive third person masculine singularHVhj3ms
The Hebrew word עַל (*al*) is a preposition meaning 'upon' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including 'on account of,' 'beside,' 'above,' and 'against.' It can indicate physical placement, emotional burdens, or duties imposed on a person. The entries also note its use in idiomatic expressions and with verbs of motion. There is a mention of its function as a conjunction in certain contexts.
כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as
base
עַל, עָ֑ל
subst. height
As prep. upon, and hence on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against
Upon, of the substratum upon which an object in any way rests, or on which an action is performed
—
of clothing, etc., which any one wears
With verbs of covering or protecting, even though the cover or veil be not over or above the thing covered, but around or before it
Of what rests heavily upon a person, or is a burden to him
Of a duty, payment, care, etc., imposed upon a person, or devolving on him
על is used idiom. to give pathos to the expression of an emotion, by emphasizing the person who is its subject, and who, as it were, feels it acting upon him
חָיָה עַל to live upon (as upon a foundation or support)
H5921a עַל, עָ֑ל . As prep. upon, and hence on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against . Upon, of the substratum upon which an object in any way rests, or on which an action is performed . — . of clothing, etc., which any one wears
. With verbs of covering or protecting, even though the cover or veil be not over or above the thing covered, but around or before it
. Of what rests heavily upon a person, or is a burden to him
. Of a duty, payment, care, etc., imposed upon a person, or devolving on him
. על is used idiom. to give pathos to the expression of an emotion, by emphasizing the person who is its subject, and who, as it were, feels it acting upon him
. חָיָה עַל to live upon (as upon a foundation or support)
5921 `al al
properly, the same as 5920 used as a preposition (in the
singular or plural often with prefix, or as conjunction with a
particle following); above, over, upon, or against (yet always
in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great
variety of applications (as follow):--above, according
to(-ly), after, (as) against, among, and, X as, at, because
of, beside (the rest of), between, beyond the time, X both
and, by (reason of), X had the charge of, concerning for, in
(that), (forth, out) of, (from) (off), (up-)on, over, than,
through(-out), to, touching, X with.
see HEBREW for 05920
עַל (al) — upon.
prep
1) upon, on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against
1a) upon, on the ground of, on the basis of, on account of, because of, therefore, on behalf of, for the sake of, for, with, in spite of, notwithstanding, concerning, in the matter of, as regards
1b) above, beyond, over (of excess)
1c) above, over (of elevation or pre-eminence)
1d) upon, to, over to, unto, in addition to, together with, with (of addition)
1e) over (of suspension or extension)
1f) by, adjoining, next, at, over, around (of contiguity or proximity)
1g) down upon, upon, on, from, up upon, up to, towards, over towards, to, against (with verbs of motion)
1h) to (as a dative)
[כִּי] עַל [כֵּן] ([ki] al [ken]) — as.
conj
Prep — PrepositionHR
On
Light; the sun, (Gen. 41:45, 50), the great seat of sun-worship, called also Bethshemesh (Jer. 43:13) and Aven (Ezek. 30:17), stood on the east bank of the Nile, a few miles north of Memphis, and near Cairo, in the north-east. The Vulgate and the LXX. Versions have “Heliopolis” (“city of the sun”) instead of On in Genesis and of Aven in Ezekiel. The “city of destruction” Isaiah speaks of (19:18, marg. “of Heres;” Heb. ‘Ir-ha-heres, which some MSS. read Ir-ha-heres, i.e., “city of the sun”) may be the name given to On, the prophecy being that the time will come when that city which was known as the “city of the sun-god” shall become the “city of destruction” of the sun-god, i.e., when idolatry shall cease, and the worship…
(abode or city of the sun), a town of lower Egypt, called BETH-SHEMESH in (Jeremiah 43:13) On is better known under its Greek name Heliopolis. It was situated on the east side of the Pelusiac branch of the Nile, just below the point of the Delta, and about twenty miles northeast of Memphis. The chief object of worship at Heliopolis was the sun, whose temple, described by Strabo, is now only represented by the single beautiful obelisk, of red granite so feet 2 inches high above the pedestal which has stood for more than 4000 years, having been erected by Usirtesen, the second king of the twelfth dynasty. Heliopolis was anciently famous for its learning, and Eudoxus and Plato studied under its priests. The first mention of this place in the Bible is in the history of Joseph, to whom we read Pharaoh gave "to wife Asenath the daughter…
See HELIOPOLIS.
pain; force; iniquity
רָשָׁע (rasha`) refers to someone who is wicked or criminal, encompassing meanings such as guilty and ungodly. It is derived from a root that implies moral wrongdoing. The term is used to describe individuals who are hostile to God or guilty of sin against others.
רָשָׁע 263 adj. wicked, criminal
base
H7563 רָשָׁע wicked, criminal
7563 rasha` raw-shaw'
from 7561; morally wrong; concretely, an (actively) bad
person:--+ condemned, guilty, ungodly, wicked (man), that did
wrong.
see HEBREW for 07561
רָשָׁע (ra.sah) — wicked.
1) wicked, criminal
1a) guilty one, one guilty of crime (subst)
1b) wicked (hostile to God)
1c) wicked, guilty of sin (against God or man)
Adj — Noun common · masculine plural absoluteHNcmpa
פַּח (pach) refers to both a bird trap and a metal plate. It is derived from a root meaning to spread out or pound thin, indicating its use as a snare or a thin sheet of metal. The word can also figuratively represent calamities or plots. The entries consistently highlight these two primary meanings without significant disagreement.
פַּח n.m. bird-trap
base
[פַּח] n.[m.] plate of metal
base
H6341a פַּח bird-trap H6341b פַּח plate of metal
6341 pach pakh
from 6351; a (metallic) sheet (as pounded thin); also a
spring net (as spread out like a lamina):--gin, (thin) plate,
snare.
see HEBREW for 06351
פַּח (pach) — snare.
1) bird trap, trap, snare
1a) bird trap (literal)
1b) of calamities, plots, source or agent of calamity (fig.)
פַּח (pach) — plate.
plate (of metal)
N-mp — Noun common · masculine plural absoluteHNcmpa
אֵשׁ (esh) means 'fire' and encompasses various types, including natural fire, supernatural fire associated with divine appearances, and fire used for cooking or on altars. It can also figuratively represent God's anger. The entries consistently highlight its literal and metaphorical uses, with no significant disagreement among lexicons.
אֵשׁ 377 n.f. fire
fire, of conflagration
of supernatural fire
fire for cooking, roasting, parching
esp. of altar fire
fig. of Yahweh's anger
in various combinations
base
H784 אֵשׁ fire . fire, of conflagration
. of supernatural fire
. fire for cooking, roasting, parching
. esp. of altar fire
. fig. of Yahweh's anger
. in various combinations
784 'esh aysh
a primitive word; fire (literally or figuratively):--
burning, fiery, fire, flaming, hot.
אֵשׁ (esh) — fire.
1) fire
1a) fire, flames
1b) supernatural fire (accompanying theophany)
1c) fire (for cooking, roasting, parching)
1d) altar-fire
1e) God's anger (fig.)
Aramaic equivalent: esh (אֶשָּׁא "fire" H0785)
N-cs — Noun common · both singular absoluteHNcbsa
fir ('esh; pur):
These are the common words for fire, occurring very frequently. 'Ur, "light" (Isa 24:15 the King James Version; compare the Revised Version (British and American); Isa 31:9, and see FIRES), nur (Aramaic) (Da 3:22 ff) are found a few times, also 'eshshah (Jer 6:29), and be`erah (Ex 22:6), once each. Ac 28:2,3 has pura, "pyre," and Mr 14:54; Lu 22:56, phos, "light," the Revised Version (British and American) "in the light (of the fire)." "To set…
Fire
(1.) For sacred purposes. The sacrifices were consumed by fire (Gen. 8:20). The ever-burning fire on the altar was first kindled from heaven (Lev. 6:9, 13; 9:24), and afterwards rekindled at the dedication of Solomon’s temple (2 Chr. 7:1, 3). The expressions “fire from heaven” and “fire of the Lord” generally denote lightning, but sometimes also the fire of the altar was so called (Ex. 29:18; Lev. 1:9; 2:3; 3:5, 9).
Fire for a sacred purpose obtained otherwise than from the altar was called “strange fire” (Lev. 10:1, 2;
is represented as the symbol of Jehovah’s presence and the instrument of his power, in the way either of approval or of destruction. (Exodus 3:2; 14:19) etc. There could not be a better symbol for Jehovah than this of fire, it being immaterial, mysterious, but visible, warming, cheering, comforting, but also terrible and consuming. Parallel with this application of fire and with its symbolical meaning are to be noted the similar use for sacrificial purposes and the respect paid to it, or to the heavenly bodies as symbols of deity, which prevailed among so many nations of antiquity, and of which the traces are not even now extinct; e.g. the Sabean and Magian systems of worship. (Isaiah 27:9) Fire for sacred purposes obtained elsewhere than from the altar was called "strange fire," and for the use of such Nadab and Abihu were punished…
In Scripture, is often connected with the presence of Jehovah; as in the burning bush, and on Mount Sinai, Ex 3:2 19:18 Ps 18:1-50 Hab 1:1-3:19. The second coming of Christ will be "in flaming fire," 2Th 1:8. In the New Testament it illustrates the enlightening, cheering, and purifying agency of the Holy Spirit, Mt 3:11 Ac 2:3. By sending fire from heaven to consume sacrifices, God often signified his acceptance of them: as in the case of Abel, Ge 4:4; Abraham, Ge…
גָּפְרִית (gophriyth) refers to brimstone, commonly associated with judgment and the breath of Jehovah in a figurative sense. It is likely derived from a word meaning cypress-resin, emphasizing its flammable nature. The entries consistently define it as brimstone without significant disagreement.
גָּפְרִית n.f. brimstone
base
H1614 גָּפְרִית brimstone
1614 gophriyth gof-reeth'
probably feminine of 1613; properly, cypress- resin; by
analogy, sulphur (as equally inflammable):--brimstone.
see HEBREW for 01613
גׇּפְרִית (goph.rit) — brimstone.
1) brimstone
1a) of judgment (fig.)
1b) of Jehovah's breath (fig.)
Conj | N-fs — Conjunction · noun common feminine singular absoluteHC/Ncfsa
רוּחַ (ruach) means breath, wind, or spirit. It encompasses various meanings, including the breath of life, emotional disposition, and the spirit of God. The term can refer to both physical phenomena, like wind, and abstract concepts, such as moral character or mental acts. Notably, it is used frequently in the context of divine inspiration and the Holy Spirit.
רוּחַ 378 n.f. (less oft. m.) breath, wind, spirit
breath of mouth or nostrils (33 t.)
wind (117 t.)
spirit, as that which breathes quickly in animation or agitation = temper, disposition (76 t.)
spirit of the living, breathing being
spirit as seat of emotion
occasionally (and late) = seat or organ of mental acts
rarely of the will
רוּחַ esp. of moral character
spirit of God (94 t.)
base
H7307 רוּחַ breath, wind, spirit . breath of mouth or nostrils (33 t.)
. wind (117 t.)
. spirit, as that which breathes quickly in animation or agitation = temper, disposition (76 t.)
. spirit of the living, breathing being
. spirit as seat of emotion
. occasionally (and late) = seat or organ of mental acts
. rarely of the will
. רוּחַ esp. of moral character
. spirit of God (94 t.)
7307 ruwach roo'-akh
from 7306; wind; by resemblance breath, i.e. a sensible (or
even violent) exhalation; figuratively, life, anger,
unsubstantiality; by extension, a region of the sky; by
resemblance spirit, but only of a rational being (including
its expression and functions):--air, anger, blast, breath, X
cool, courage, mind, X quarter, X side, spirit((-ual)),
tempest, X vain, ((whirl-))wind(-y).
see HEBREW for 07306
רוּחַ (ru.ach) — spirit.
: spirit
1) wind, breath, mind, spirit
1a) breath
1b) wind
1b1) of heaven
1b2) quarter (of wind), side
1b3) breath of air
1b4) air, gas
1b5) vain, empty thing
1c) spirit (as that which breathes quickly in animation or agitation)
1c1) spirit, animation, vivacity, vigour
1c2) courage
1c3) temper, anger
1c4) impatience, patience
1c5) spirit, disposition (as troubled, bitter, discontented)
1c6) disposition (of various kinds), unaccountable or uncontrollable impulse
1c7) prophetic spirit
1d) spirit (of the living, breathing being in man and animals)
1d1) as gift, preserved by God, God's spirit, departing at death, disembodied being
1e) spirit (as seat of emotion)
1e1) desire
1e2) sorrow, trouble
1f) spirit
1f1) as seat or organ of mental acts
1f2) rarely of the will
1f3) as seat especially of moral character
Conj | N-cs — Conjunction · noun common feminine singular constructHC/Ncfsc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
זַלְעָפָה (zal`aphah) refers to a state of intense heat or fervor, often associated with fever, famine, or a burning wind. It conveys a sense of horror or terror as well. The term is derived from another Hebrew root, indicating its connection to consuming or overwhelming conditions.
זַלְעָפָה n.f. raging heat
of fever heat of famine
of burning wind
fig. of zeal
base
H2152 זַלְעָפָה, זִלְעָפָה
2152 zal`aphah zal-aw-faw'
or ziliaphaph {zil-aw-faw'}; from 2196; a glow (of wind or
anger); also a famine (as consuming):--horrible, horror,
terrible.
see HEBREW for 02196
זַלְעָפָה (zal.a.phah) — scorching.
burning heat, raging heat
N-fp — Noun common · feminine plural absoluteHNcfpa
het (chom, horebh, "drought," Job 30:30; Isa 4:6; 25:4; Jer 36:30; sharabh, Isa 49:10, translated in the Revised Version margin "mirage"; zestos, "fervent," Re 3:15, therme, Ac 28:3, kauma, Re 7:16, kauson, Mt 20:12; see MIRAGE):
1. Dreaded in Palestine:
The heat of the summer is greatly dreaded in Palestine, and as a rule the people rest under cover during the middle of the day, when the sun is hottest. There is no rain from May to October, and scarcely a cloud…
→ Jonah overcome with Jon 4:8
→ See SUNSTROKE
מְנָת (mnath) means 'portion' or 'allotment,' derived from a root meaning to assign or give. The term is used in contexts relating to distribution or sharing, as indicated by its glosses in various lexicons. There are no significant disagreements among the entries regarding its meaning.
[מְנָת] n.f. portion
base
H4521 מְנָת
4521 mnath men-awth'
from 4487; an allotment (by courtesy, law or
providence):--portion.
see HEBREW for 04487
מְנָת (me.nat) — portion.
portion
N-fs — Noun common · feminine singular constructHNcfsc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
כּוֹס (kos) primarily means 'cup,' referring to a container, but it also denotes a type of owl, considered unclean. The word seems to derive from a root meaning to hold together. The entries indicate a figurative use of 'cup' as a lot or potion, but there is no significant disagreement among the lexicons.
כּוֹס n.f. cup
base
כּוֹס n.[m.] a kind of owl
base
H3563a כּוֹס cup H3563b כּוֹס n. [m.] a kind of owl
3563 kowc koce
from an unused root meaning to hold together; a cup (as a
container), often figuratively, a lot (as if a potion); also
some unclean bird, probably an owl (perhaps from the cup-like
cavity of its eye):--cup, (small) owl. Compare 3599.
see HEBREW for 03599
כּוֹס (kos) — cup.
cup
כּוֹס (kos) — owl.
a kind of owl (an unclean bird)
HNcfsc/Sp3mp — Noun common feminine singular construct · suffixHNcfsc/Sp3mp
