Psalms 104:13 — Word Study
WLCמַשְׁקֶ֣ה הָ֭רִים מֵעֲלִיּוֹתָ֑יו מִפְּרִ֥י מַ֝עֲשֶׂ֗יךָ תִּשְׂבַּ֥ע הָאָֽרֶץ׃
BSAHe watersshâqâh [sends down rain, gives drink to] the mountainshar [hills] from His chambersʻălîyâh [upper room, lofty place, from above] the earthʼerets [land, ground, creation] is satisfiedsâbaʻ▸ [filled, fulfilled, content] by the fruitpᵉrîy [produce, results, outcome] of His worksmaʻăseh [deeds, actions, creations]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| מַשְׁקֶ֣ה | [he is] watering | Verb, Hiphil, participle (active) masculine singular |
| הָ֭רִים | mountains | Noun common, masculine plural absolute |
| מֵעֲלִיּוֹתָ֑יו | from upper rooms his | Preposition, noun common feminine plural construct, suffix |
| מִפְּרִ֥י | from [the] fruit of | Preposition, noun common masculine singular construct |
| מַ֝עֲשֶׂ֗יךָ | works your | Noun common masculine plural construct, suffix |
| תִּשְׂבַּ֥ע | it is satisfied | Verb, Qal, imperfect third person feminine singular |
| הָאָֽרֶץ׃ | the earth | Particle, noun common feminine singular absolute |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | He waters the mountains from His chambers; the earth is satisfied by the fruit of His works. |
| KJV | He watereth the hills from his chambers: the earth is satisfied with the fruit of thy works. |
| ASV | He watereth the mountains from his chambers: The earth is filled with the fruit of thy works. |
| YLT | Watering hills from His upper chambers, From the fruit of Thy works is the earth satisfied. |
| WEB | He waters the mountains from his rooms. The earth is filled with the fruit of your works. |
| BBE | He sends down rain from his store-houses on the hills: the earth is full of the fruit of his works. |
Where they part company is תִּשְׂבַּ֥ע — see How Translations Differ.
The sentence has a main clause about God's action followed by a prepositional phrase indicating the source and a second main clause about the earth's satisfaction.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
verbשָׁקָה
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Psalms 104:13
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — God's Care for Creationgenerated
Psalm 104:13 describes how God waters the mountains, illustrating His provision for nature. This verse is part of a larger section that celebrates God's creative acts and His ongoing sustenance of the earth, as seen in the verses surrounding it, such as Psalm 104:12 and Psalm 104:14.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Psalm 147:8 | who covers the sky with clouds, who prepares rain for the earth, who makes grass to grow on the hills. |
| 2 | Deuteronomy 11:11 | But the land that you are crossing the Jordan to possess is a land of mountains and valleys that drinks in the rain from heaven. |
| 3 | Job 38:25–28 | Who cuts a channel for the flood or clears a path for the thunderbolt, |
| 4 | Jeremiah 10:13 | When He thunders, the waters in the heavens roar; He causes the clouds to rise from the ends of the earth. He generates the lightning with the rain and brings forth the wind from His storehouses. |
| 5 | Jeremiah 14:22 | Can the worthless idols of the nations bring rain? Do the skies alone send showers? Is this not by You, O LORD our God? So we put our hope in You, for You have done all these things. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 10 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — מַשְׁקֶ֣ה, mash.Kehgenerated
The Hebrew word שָׁקָה (sha.qah) means to give water or a drink, often used in contexts where sustenance is provided. This verb is in the Hiphil stem, indicating an active role in causing something to happen — in this case, watering the mountains.
It reflects God's nurturing aspect, as He actively provides for the needs of creation. This word emphasizes both the physical act of watering and the broader idea of sustaining life.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The main verb of the verse is מַשְׁקֶ֣ה, He waters, which governs the action of the sentence. It is followed by a prepositional phrase indicating the source of the action, מֵעֲלִיּוֹתָ֑יו, from His chambers, and concludes with the result of His works.
The structure emphasizes the action of God watering the mountains and the subsequent satisfaction of the earth, illustrating a clear cause-and-effect relationship.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
In the Septuagint, the Hebrew מַשְׁקֶ֣ה is rendered as ποτίζων (potizō), which means 'to give drink.' This choice highlights the nurturing aspect of God's provision.
The Greek translation maintains the emphasis on God's active role in sustaining creation, paralleling the Hebrew text's focus on divine care.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Psalm 104:13 tells us that God waters the mountains, providing for the earth through the results of His works. This verse shows how God cares for creation by nourishing it with water, which satisfies the earth.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
It signifies God's provision for nature, ensuring that the mountains receive the necessary water to sustain life.
The earth is satisfied by the fruit of God's works, meaning that the results of His creative actions fulfill the needs of creation.
This phrase suggests that God's provision comes from a high or lofty place, indicating His sovereignty and control over creation.
It reflects God's nurturing and sustaining character, showing that He actively cares for and provides for the needs of His creation.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- In what ways do I see God's provision in my own life?
- How can I be more aware of the ways God sustains creation around me?
- What are some examples of the fruit of God's works that I can recognize in the world?
- How does understanding God's care for creation affect my perspective on environmental stewardship?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Augustine of Hippo comments on this verse, noting the significance of God watering the mountains from higher places.
"Watering the mountains from the higher places" [Psalms 104:13].Early Church Fathers on Psalms 104 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Psalms 104:13 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleHe watereth the hills from his chambers,.... The house of his superior treasures, as the Targum.
Read John Gill on Psalms 104 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryHe watereth the hills from his chambers: the earth is satisfied with the fruit of thy works.
Read Robert Jamieson on Psalms 104 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleHe watereth the hills; which most need moisture, and have least of it in them. From his chambers; from the clouds, as above, . The earth is satisfied; by this means all the parts of the earth, the mountains as well as the valleys, are made fruitful. With the fruit of thy works; with the effects of those sweet showers, which he calls God’ s works, because he alone can and doth give them, as is noted, 14:22.
Read Matthew Poole on Psalms 104 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsPsalms 104:13 He watereth the hills from his chambers: the earth is satisfied with the fruit of thy works.Ver. 13. He watereth the hills from his chambers] That is from his clouds, he giveth water to hills and high places, where wells and rivers are not. The earth is satisfied with the fruit of thy works] i.e. With the rain of thy clouds, dropping fatness.
Read John Trapp on Psalms 104 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(13) Chambers—i.e., of cloud, as in Psalms 104:3. Thy works.—If we go by the parallelism, this means the “rain,” here called God’s works, as in Psalms 65:9 (see Note), his “river.” Others prefer to see a general reference to the operations of nature which produce fruit.
Read Charles John Ellicott on Psalms 104 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 13. From his chambers] The clouds, as in Psalms 104:3. The earth is satisfied] The inhabitants of it.
Read AdamClarke on Psalms 104 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges13. Who giveth the mountains drink from his upper chambers. Palestine was “a land of mountains and valleys, drinking water of the rain of heaven” (Deuteronomy 11:11). It is not inaccessible mountain tops which the poet is thinking of, so much as the upland corn fields (Psalms 72:16), watered by the rain which God sends down from His “upper chambers” (Psalms 104:3), as the valleys are watered by streams. the fruit of thy works] Generally explained to mean the rain, as a product of the clouds which God has made. But this is harsh: it is much more natural to take the phrase in the simple sense of “fruit produced by God’s manifold operations.” Earth is fertilised by the rain and springs, and…
Read Cambridge on Psalms 104 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleHe watereth the hills from his chambers - The waters, as stated before, run in the valleys - in the natural channels made for them among the hills, Psalms 104:10.
Read Albert Barnes on Psalms 104 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
He waters the mountains from His chambers; the earth is satisfied by the fruit of His works.
He waters the mountains from his rooms. The earth is filled with the fruit of your works.
He waters the mountains from His chambers; the earth is satisfied by the fruit of His works.
He waters the mountains from the upper rooms of his palace; the earth is full of the fruit you cause to grow.
Tyndale line
He watereth the hills from his chambers: the earth is satisfied with the fruit of thy works.
He watereth the mountains from his chambers: The earth is filled with the fruit of thy works.
He watereth the mountains from his chambers: the earth is satisfied with the fruit of thy works.
He watereth the hills from his chambers: the earth is satisfied with the fruit of thy works.
He watereth the mountaines from his chambers, and the earth is filled with the fruite of thy workes.
Strictly literal
He watereth the mountains from his upper-chambers: the earth is satisfied with the fruit of thy works.
Watering hills from His upper chambers, From the fruit of Thy works is the earth satisfied.
Watering hills from His upper chambers, || The earth is satisfied from the fruit of Your works.
Who watereth the mountains from his upper-chambers: from the fruit of thy works is the earth satisfied.
He waters the mountains from his water chambers in the sky. The earth is filled with the fruit of his labor.
From the Latin
And they passed from nation to nation, and from one kingdom to another people.
Simplified
You send down rain on the mountains from your home high above; you fill the earth with good things.
He sends down rain from his store-houses on the hills: the earth is full of the fruit of his works.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint agree on the wording of Psalm 104:13, with all seven words matched, indicating a consistent understanding of the verse across these traditions.
מַשְׁקֶ֣ה הָ֭רִים מֵעֲלִיּוֹתָ֑יו מִפְּרִ֥י מַ֝עֲשֶׂ֗יךָ תִּשְׂבַּ֥ע הָאָֽרֶץ׃
7 of the 7 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Psalms 104:13
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
The Hebrew word שָׁקָה (sha.qah) is a primitive root meaning to cause to drink or to water. It covers the act of giving drink to both animals and plants, as well as the concept of irrigation. The entries indicate various grammatical forms, including Hiphil, Pual, and Niphal, with no significant disagreement among lexicons.
[שָׁקָה] vb. Hiph. cause to drink water, give to drink
Hiph. water, irrigate, ground
water, give drink to
Pu. the marrow of his bones is watered, (refreshed, invigorated).
base
H8248 שָׁקָה Hiph. cause to drink water, give to drink
8248 shaqah shaw-kaw'
a primitive root; to quaff, i.e. (causatively) to irrigate or
furnish a potion to:--cause to (give, give to, let, make to)
drink, drown, moisten, water. See 7937, 8354.
see HEBREW for 07937
see HEBREW for 08354
שָׁקָה (sha.qah) — to water: watering.
: watering(ANIMALS/PLANTS)
1) to give to drink, irrigate, drink, water, cause to drink water
1a) (Hiphil)
1a1) to water, irrigate
1a2) to water, give drink to
1b) (Pual) to be watered
1c) (Niphal) variant
שָׁקָה (sha.qah) — to water: drink.
: drink(PEOPLE)
1) to give to drink, irrigate, drink, water, cause to drink water
1a) (Hiphil)
1a1) to water, irrigate
1a2) to water, give drink to
1b) (Pual) to be watered
1c) (Niphal) variant
שָׁקָה (sha.qah) — to water: cupbearer.
: cupbearer
1) to give to drink, irrigate, drink, water, cause to drink water
1a) (Hiphil)
1a1) to water, irrigate
1a2) to water, give drink to
1b) (Pual) to be watered
1c) (Niphal) variant
V-Hiphil — Verb · Hiphil · participle (active) masculine singularHVhrmsa
הַר (har) means 'mountain' or 'hill,' and can refer to a range of hills or hill-country. It is derived from a root that suggests elevation and can be used figuratively. The entries consistently highlight its geographical connotations without significant disagreement.
הַר 568 n.m. mountain, hill, hill-country
mountain, hill
hill-country, mountain-region
base
H2022 הַר mountain, hill, hill-country
2022 har har
a shortened form of 2042; a mountain or range of hills
(sometimes used figuratively):--hill (country), mount(-ain), X
promotion.
see HEBREW for 02042
הַר (har) — mountain: mount.
: mount/hill
hill, mountain, hill country, mount
הַר (har) — mountain: hill country.
: hill_country
hill, mountain, hill country, mount
A sub-meaning of har (הַר ": mount" H2022)
N-mp — Noun common · masculine plural absoluteHNcmpa
Are among the most sublime and impressive of the Creator’s works on earth, and from the noblest and most enduring monuments of great events. Most of the mountains of Scripture thus stand as witnesses for God—every view of their lofty summits, and every recurrence to them in thought reminding us of the sacred facts and truths connected with them. Thus Mount Ararat is a standing memorial of the deluge of man’s sin, God’s justice, and God’s mercy. Mount Sinai asserts the terrors of the divine law. Mount Carmel summons us, like the prophet Elijah of old, not to "halt between two opinions;" but if Jehovah is God, to love and serve him. The mount of the Transfiguration still shines with the glory of the truths there taught, and Mounts Ebal and Gerizim still echo the curses and the blessings once so solemnly pronounced from them. So Mount Hor, Nebo, Lebanon, and Gilboa have been signalized by…
- The elevated parts of the earth
Ge 7:19,20
- GOD
. Formed
. Set fast
. Gives strength to
. Weighs, in a balance
. Waters, from his chambers
עֲלִיָּה (aliyah) refers to a roof chamber or upper room, derived from the root meaning something lofty. It encompasses concepts like a stairway, an ascent, or a figurative reference to the sky. The entries consistently describe it as a space above ground level, such as a second-story room.
עֲלִיָּה n.f. roof-chamber
base
H5944 עֲלִיָּה roof-chamber
5944 `aliyah al-ee-yaw'
feminine from 5927; something lofty, i.e. a stair-way; also a
second-story room (or even one on the roof); figuratively, the
sky:--ascent, (upper) chamber, going up, loft, parlour.
see HEBREW for 05927
עֲלִיָּה (a.liy.yah) — upper room.
roof-room, roof chamber
Prep | N-fp | Suff — Preposition · noun common feminine plural construct · suffixHR/Ncfpc/Sp3ms
פְּרִי (priy) means 'fruit' and encompasses various meanings, including the literal fruit of the ground, offspring or children, and figurative fruit representing the consequences of actions. It is derived from a root that emphasizes the concept of produce or reward.
פְּרִי 119 n.m. fruit
fruit of the ground, of produce in gen.
= offspring, fruit of womb
fig. of fruit of actions, i.e. their consequences
base
H6529 פְּרִי fruit . fruit of the ground, of produce in gen.
. = offspring, fruit of womb
. fig. of fruit of actions, i.e. their consequences
6529 priy per-ee'
from 6509; fruit (literally or figuratively):--bough,
((first-)) fruit((-ful)), reward.
see HEBREW for 06509
פְּרִי (pe.ri) — fruit.
1) fruit
1a) fruit, produce (of the ground)
1b) fruit, offspring, children, progeny (of the womb)
1c) fruit (of actions) (fig.)
Prep | N-ms — Preposition · noun common masculine singular constructHR/Ncmsc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
מַעֲשֶׂה (ma`aseh) means deed or work, encompassing a range of actions from good to bad, and includes concepts like business, labor, and products made. It can refer to specific achievements, works of God, or even customs. The entries suggest a broad application in various contexts, but do not indicate any significant disagreement among lexicons.
מַעֲשֶׂה 233 n.m. deed, work
base
H4639 מַעֲשֶׂה deed, work
4639 ma`aseh mah-as-eh'
from 6213; an action (good or bad); generally, a transaction;
abstractly, activity; by implication, a product (specifically,
a poem) or (generally) property:--act, art, + bakemeat,
business, deed, do(-ing), labor, thing made, ware of making,
occupation, thing offered, operation, possession, X well,
((handy-, needle-, net-))work(ing, - manship), wrought.
see HEBREW for 06213
מַעֲשֶׂה (ma.a.seh) — deed: work.
: work/product
1) deed, work
1a) deed, thing done, act
1b) work, labour
1c) business, pursuit
1d) undertaking, enterprise
1e) achievement
1f) deeds, works (of deliverance and judgment)
1g) work, thing made
1h) work (of God)
1i) product
מַעֲשֶׂה (ma.a.seh) — deed: justice.
: justice/right/righteousness
1) deed, work
1a) deed, thing done, act
1b) work, labour
1c) business, pursuit
1d) undertaking, enterprise
1e) achievement
1f) deeds, works (of deliverance and judgment)
1g) work, thing made
1h) work (of God)
1i) product
מַעֲשֶׂה (ma.a.seh) — deed: judgement.
: judgement/punishment
1) deed, work
1a) deed, thing done, act
1b) work, labour
1c) business, pursuit
1d) undertaking, enterprise
1e) achievement
1f) deeds, works (of deliverance and judgment)
1g) work, thing made
1h) work (of God)
1i) product
מַעֲשֶׂה (ma.a.seh) — deed: custom.
: custom/manner
N-mp | Suff — Noun common masculine plural construct · suffixHNcmpc/Sp2ms
שָׂבֵעַ (saba`) means to be sated or satisfied, particularly in relation to food. It can also imply having one's desires fulfilled or being surfeited with excess. The verb has various forms, including Qal, Piel, and Hiphil, which cover meanings from simply being full to enriching or satisfying others. The entries indicate a focus on both literal and figurative senses of satisfaction.
[שָׂבֵעַ], שָׂבַע 96 vb. be sated, satisfied, surfeited
Qal 79
be sated (with food), esp. human subj.
more gen., be sated, have desire satisfied
have in excess, be surfeited with
Niph. Pt. sated
Pi. satisfy
Hiph.
satisfy (esp. with material blessings), subj. י׳
c. acc. of food pers., י׳ subj.
י׳ subj.
י׳ subj., c. acc. of beasts
enrich
sate, glut (with the undesired)
base
H7646 שָׂבֵעַ, שָׂבַע be sated, satisfied, surfeited .. be sated (with food), esp. human subj.
. more gen., be sated, have desire satisfied
. have in excess, be surfeited with
. Pt. sated
. satisfy
. . . satisfy (esp. with material blessings), subj. י׳
. c. acc. of food + pers., י׳ subj.
. י׳ subj.
. י׳ subj., c. acc. of beasts
. enrich
. sate, glut (with the undesired)
7646 saba` saw-bah'
or sabeay {saw-bay'-ah}; a primitive root; to sate, i.e. fill
to satisfaction (literally or figuratively):--have enough,
fill (full, self, with), be (to the) full (of), have plenty
of, be satiate, satisfy (with), suffice, be weary of.
שָׂבֵעַ (sa.va) — to satisfy.
1) to be satisfied, be sated, be fulfilled, be surfeited
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to be sated (with food)
1a2) to be sated, be satisfied with, be fulfilled, be filled, have one's fill of (have desire satisfied)
1a3) to have in excess, be surfeited, be surfeited with
1a3a) to be weary of (fig)
1b) (Piel) to satisfy
1c) (Hiphil)
1c1) to satisfy
1c2) to enrich
1c3) to sate, glut (with the undesired)
V-Qal-Imperf-3fs — Verb · Qal · imperfect third person feminine singularHVqi3fs
אֶ֫רֶץ (erets) is a feminine noun meaning 'earth' or 'land.' It encompasses various meanings, including the whole earth, specific territories like Canaan, and even inhabitants of the land. It can refer to soil, ground, or regions, and is used in phrases related to distance and the living. There is a note on the plural form אֲרָצוֹת, which mainly appears in later texts to denote multiple lands.
אֶ֫רֶץ n. f. & (seld.) m. earth, land
earth, whole earth (opp. to a part)
earth, opp. to heaven, sky
earth = inhabitants of earth
land =
country, territory
district, region
trial territory
piece of ground
specif. land of Canaan, or Israel
= inhabitants of land
used even of Shᵉʼôl
ground, surface of ground
soil, as productive
אֶרֶץ in phrases
people of the land
in measurements of distance
the country of the plain, level or plain country
land of the living
end(s) of the earth
pl. אֲרָצוֹת is almost wholly late; it denotes lands, countries, often in contrast to Canaan, lands of the nations, etc.
base
H776 אֶ֫רֶץ n. f. & (seld.) m. earth, land . . earth, whole earth (opp. to a part)
. earth, opp. to heaven, sky
. earth = inhabitants of earth
. land = . country, territory
. district, region
. trial territory
. piece of ground
. specif. land of Canaan, or Israel
. = inhabitants of land
. used even of Shᵉʼôl
. . ground, surface of ground
. soil, as productive
. אֶרֶץ in phrases . people of the land
. in measurements of distance
. the country of the plain, level or plain country
. land of the living
. end(s) of the earth
. pl. אֲרָצוֹת is almost wholly late; it denotes lands, countries, often in contrast to Canaan, lands of the nations, etc.
776 'erets eh'-rets
from an unused root probably meaning to be firm; the earth
(at large, or partitively a land):--X common, country, earth,
field, ground, land, X natins, way, + wilderness, world.
אֶ֫רֶץ (e.rets) — land: country/planet.
: country/field
1) land, earth
1a) earth
1a1) whole earth (as opposed to a part)
1a2) earth (as opposed to heaven)
1a3) earth (inhabitants)
1b) land
1b1) country, territory
1b2) district, region
1b3) tribal territory
1b4) piece of ground
1b5) land of Canaan, Israel
1b6) inhabitants of land
1b7) Sheol, land without return, (under) world
1b8) city (-state)
1c) ground, surface of the earth
1c1) ground
1c2) soil
1d) (in phrases)
1d1) people of the land
1d2) space or distance of country (in measurements of distance)
1d3) level or plain country
1d4) land of the living
1d5) end(s) of the earth
1e) (almost wholly late in usage)
1e1) lands, countries
1e1a) often in contrast to Canaan
אֶ֫רֶץ (e.rets) — land: soil.
: soil
1) land, earth
1a) earth
1a1) whole earth (as opposed to a part)
1a2) earth (as opposed to heaven)
1a3) earth (inhabitants)
1b) land
1b1) country, territory
Art | N-cs — Particle · noun common feminine singular absoluteHTd/Ncfsa
urth ('adhamah, 'erets, 'aphar; ge, oikoumene):
In a hilly limestone country like Palestine, the small amount of iron oxide in the rocks tends to be oxidized, and thereby to give a prevailing reddish color to the soil. This is especially the case on relatively barren hills where there is little organic matter present to prevent reddening and give a more blackish tinge.
'Adhamah (compare 'adham, "a man," and Adam) is from 'adham, "to be red," and is used in the senses: "earth" (Ex 20:24), "land" (Ps 105:35), a "land" or country (Isa 14:2), "ground" (Ge 4:11), "the earth" (Ge 7:4).
Earth
(1.) In the sense of soil or ground, the translation of the word adamah’. In Gen. 9:20 “husbandman” is literally “man of the ground or earth.” Altars were to be built of earth (Ex. 20:24). Naaman asked for two mules’ burden of earth (2 Kings 5:17), under the superstitious notion that Jehovah, like the gods of the heathen, could be acceptably worshipped only on his own soil.
(2). As the rendering of ’erets, it means the whole world (Gen. 1:2); the land as opposed to the sea (1:10). Erets also denotes a country (21:32); a plot of ground (23:15); the ground on which a man stands (33:3); the inhabitants of the earth (6:1; 11:1); all the world except Israel (
The term is used in two widely-different senses: (1) for the material of which the earth’s surface is composed; (2) as the name of the planet on which man dwells. The Hebrew language discriminates between these two by the use of separate terms, adamah for the former, erets for the latter. Adamah is the earth in the sense of soil or ground, particularly as being susceptible of cultivation. (Genesis 2:7) Erets is applied in a more or less extended sense-- (1) to the whole world, (Genesis 1:1) (2) to land as opposed to sea, (Genesis 1:10) (3) to a country, (Genesis 21:32) (4) to a plot of ground, (Genesis 23:15) and (5) to…
In both Hebrew and Greek the same word is used to denote the earth as a whole, and a particular land. Only the context can enable us to decide in which of these senses it is to be taken in a given passage.
Thus in Mt 27:45 we might, so far as the original word is concerned, render either "there was darkness over all the land," or over all the earth. The expression "all the earth" is sometimes used hyperbolically for a large portion of it, Ezr 1:2. The word is used of the whole world, etc. In a moral sense, earthly is opposed to what is heavenly, spiritual and holy, Joh 3:31 1Co 15:47 Col 3:2