Proverbs 28:14 — Word Study
WLCאַשְׁרֵ֣י אָ֭דָם מְפַחֵ֣ד תָּמִ֑יד וּמַקְשֶׁ֥ה לִ֝בּ֗וֹ יִפּ֥וֹל בְּרָעָֽה׃
BSABlessedʼesher [happy, fortunate] [is] the manʼâdâm [Adam, humanity] who is alwaystâmîyd [continually, constantly] reverentpâchad [fearing, having awe] but he who hardensqâshâh [makes stubborn, becomes unyielding] his heartlêb [mind, inner being] fallsnâphal▸ [suffers, experiences calamity] into troubleraʻ [mischief, evil, bad circumstances]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| אַשְׁרֵ֣י | how blessed! | Noun common, masculine plural construct |
| אָ֭דָם | [is] a person | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
| מְפַחֵ֣ד | [who] fears | Verb, Piel, participle (active) masculine singular |
| תָּמִ֑יד | continually | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
| וּמַקְשֶׁ֥ה | and [one who] hardens | Conjunction, verb hiphil participle (active) masculine singular |
| לִ֝בּ֗וֹ | heart his | Noun common masculine singular construct, suffix |
| יִפּ֥וֹל | he will fall | Verb, Qal, imperfect third person masculine singular |
| בְּרָעָֽה׃ | in calamity | Preposition, noun common feminine singular absolute |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | Blessed is the man who is always reverent, but he who hardens his heart falls into trouble. |
| KJV | Happy is the man that feareth alway: but he that hardeneth his heart shall fall into mischief. |
| ASV | Happy is the man that feareth alway; But he that hardeneth his heart shall fall into mischief. |
| YLT | O the happiness of a man fearing continually, And whoso is hardening his heart falleth into evil. |
| WEB | Blessed is the man who always fears; but one who hardens his heart falls into trouble. |
| BBE | Happy is the man in whom is the fear of the Lord at all times; but he whose heart is hard will come into trouble. |
The translations agree on the essential meaning of the verse, particularly regarding the concept of blessedness and reverence.
The sentence is structured to present a clear contrast between the blessed man and the one who hardens his heart, with the main clause leading into subordinate phrases.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
verbפָּחַד
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Proverbs 28:14
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Nature of the Righteous and the Wickedgenerated
Proverbs 28:14 contrasts the blessed state of a person who is always reverent with the consequences faced by those who harden their hearts. This reflects a broader theme in Proverbs regarding the importance of wisdom and the fear of the Lord, as seen in the surrounding verses, which emphasize the value of humility and the dangers of pride. The passage illustrates the outcomes of different attitudes towards God and moral living.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Proverbs 23:17 | Do not let your heart envy sinners, but always continue in the fear of the LORD. |
| 2 | Psalm 2:11 | Serve the LORD with fear, and rejoice with trembling. |
| 3 | Psalm 16:8 | I have set the LORD always before me. Because He is at my right hand, I will not be shaken. |
| 4 | Psalm 112:1 | Hallelujah! Blessed is the man who fears the LORD, who greatly delights in His commandments. |
| 5 | Isaiah 66:2 | Has not My hand made all these things? And so they came into being,” declares the LORD. “This is the one I will esteem: he who is humble and contrite in spirit, who trembles at My word. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 14 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — אַשְׁרֵ֣י, 'ash.Reigenerated
The word אַשְׁרֵי ('ashrei) is a noun that expresses happiness or blessedness, often used as an interjection to convey joy. It is derived from a root that signifies being blessed and appears in a masculine plural form, indicating a collective state of happiness.
In this verse, it highlights the state of the man who is constantly in awe of God, suggesting that such reverence brings about a blessed life. This usage aligns with the common biblical theme of the rewards for the righteous.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
The translations agree on the meaning of אַשְׁרֵי as 'blessed' or 'happy', reflecting a consistent interpretation across versions like the BSB, KJV, ASV, YLT, WEB, and BBE.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The main verb יִפּ֥וֹל (yi.pol, 'he will fall') governs the clause, with a subject phrase describing the one who hardens his heart and a prepositional phrase indicating the consequence of falling into trouble. The structure emphasizes the contrast between the blessed man and the one who hardens his heart.
The Hebrew word order places the subject first, highlighting the blessed man, followed by the actions and consequences, which is typical in Hebrew poetry to create a rhythmic flow.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
In the Septuagint, אַשְׁרֵי is rendered as μακάριος (makarios), which also means 'blessed' and carries a similar connotation of happiness. This choice reflects a consistent understanding of the blessed state.
The Greek translation maintains the thematic elements of reverence and the consequences of hardness of heart, aligning closely with the Hebrew text.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Proverbs 28:14 teaches that a person who is always reverent towards God is blessed, while one who hardens his heart will face trouble. This verse highlights the importance of humility and the fear of the Lord in leading a good life.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
To be reverent means to have a deep respect and awe for God, acknowledging His power and authority.
Those who harden their hearts become unyielding and resistant to wisdom, leading to negative consequences.
Cultivating a reverent attitude involves consistent prayer, studying scripture, and being mindful of God's presence in daily life.
This verse teaches that our attitudes and actions have direct consequences, with reverence leading to blessing and hardness of heart leading to trouble.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- In what ways can I show reverence towards God in my daily life?
- What are some examples of hardening one's heart in today's world?
- How do I respond to situations that challenge my reverence for God?
- What steps can I take to ensure I remain humble and open to God's guidance?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Early Church Fathers referenced this verse to discuss the nature of reverence and the consequences of one's actions, emphasizing the importance of a humble heart.
He who in all things stands in awe out of reverent timidity is called blessed, and he stands firm in the truth who is able to say, “I set the Lord always in my sight; for he is at my right hand that I shall not be moved.”Early Church Fathers on Proverbs 28 →
Let your requests be spiritual … let your mind be alert, let your attention be concentrated on the words. Ask for the kind of things it is usual to ask of God so that you may gain what you ask.Early Church Fathers on Proverbs 28 →
Someone asks, “Is there, therefore, no difference between saints and sinners?” Certainly, there is a great and almost immeasurable difference.Early Church Fathers on Proverbs 28 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Proverbs 28:14 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleHappy [is] the man that feareth alway,.... Not men, but the Lord; there is a fear and reverence due to men, according to the stations in which they are; but a slavish fear of man, and which deters
Read John Gill on Proverbs 28 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryHappy is the man that feareth alway: but he that hardeneth his heart shall fall into mischief. Happy is the man that feareth alway - in prosperity as well as adversity (Proverbs 14:16).
Read Robert Jamieson on Proverbs 28 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleHappy is the man, because he shall thereby avoid that mischief which befalls fearless sinners, which is expressed in the next clause, and procure that eternal salvation which they lose. That feareth, to wit, the offence and judgments of God; who having confessed and forsaken his sins, as was now said, is afraid to return to them again, and careful to avoid them, and all occasions of them. Alway; in all times, companies, and conditions; not only in the time of great trouble, when even hypocrites will in some sort be afraid of sinning, but in times of outward peace and prosperity. That hardeneth his heart; that goeth on obstinately and securely in sinful courses, casting off due reverence to…
Read Matthew Poole on Proverbs 28 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsProverbs 28:14 Happy [is] the man that feareth alway: but he that hardeneth his heart shall fall into mischief.Ver. 14. Blessed is the man that feareth always.] That is "in the fear of the Lord all day long." Duo sunt timores Dei, servilis et amicalis, saith Bede: There is a twofold fear of God - servile and filial; perfect love casts out the former, breeds and feeds the latter. By this "fear of the Lord it is that men depart from evil," that they shake off security, that they abound in God’ s work, that they may abide in his love, that they set a jealous eye upon their own hearts, and suspect a snake under every flower, a snare in every creature, and do therefore "feed with fear," and…
Read John Trapp on Proverbs 28 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(14) Happy is the man that feareth alway lest he should fall, and so, distrusting himself, seeks heavenly aid (Philippians 2:12). He that hardeneth his heart.—(Comp. Exodus 8:15, sqq.) Shall fall into mischief.—As he will have lost the guidance and protection of God.
Read Charles John Ellicott on Proverbs 28 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 14. Happy is the man that feareth alway] That ever carries about with him that reverential and filial fear of God, which will lead him to avoid sin, and labour to do that which is lawful and right in the sight of God his Saviour.
Read AdamClarke on Proverbs 28 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges14. feareth] i.e. to do wrong, with a wise and godly caution. ὂςκαταπτήσσειπάνταδιʼ ? εὐλάβειαν, LXX. Comp. the N.T. use of εὐλάβεια and its cognates, Hebrews 5:7; Hebrews 11:7. mischief] “Or, calamity,” R.V. marg.
Read Cambridge on Proverbs 28 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleThe “fear” here is not so much reverential awe, as anxious, or “nervous” sensitiveness of conscience. To most men this temperament seems that of the self-tormentor.
Read Albert Barnes on Proverbs 28 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
Blessed is the man who is always reverent, but he who hardens his heart falls into trouble.
Blessed is the man who always fears; but one who hardens his heart falls into trouble.
Blessed is the man who is always reverent, but he who hardens his heart falls into trouble.
Blessed is the one who is always cautious, but whoever hardens his heart will fall into evil.
Tyndale line
Happy is the man that feareth alway: but he that hardeneth his heart shall fall into mischief.
Happy is the man that feareth alway; But he that hardeneth his heart shall fall into mischief.
Happy is the man that feareth alway: but he that hardeneth his heart shall fall into mischief.
Happy is the man that feareth always: but he that hardeneth his heart shall fall into mischief.
Blessed is the man that feareth alway: but he that hardeneth his heart, shall fall into euill.
Strictly literal
Happy is the man that feareth always; but he that hardeneth his heart shall fall into evil.
O the happiness of a man fearing continually, And whoso is hardening his heart falleth into evil.
O the blessedness of a man fearing continually, || And whoever is hardening his heart falls into evil.
Happy is the man that always dreadeth [to do evil]; but he that hardeneth his heart will fall into unhappiness.
The one who always lives with reverence is blessed, but whoever hardens his heart will fall into trouble.
From the Latin
Blessed is the man that is always fearful: but he that is hardened in mind, shall fall into evil.
Simplified
Blessed are those who always respect the Lord, but those who are stubborn end up in a lot of trouble.
Happy is the man in whom is the fear of the Lord at all times; but he whose heart is hard will come into trouble.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint largely agree in their wording, with seven out of eight words matched. This indicates a strong consistency in the transmission of this verse across different textual traditions.
אַשְׁרֵ֣י אָ֭דָם מְפַחֵ֣ד תָּמִ֑יד וּמַקְשֶׁ֥ה לִ֝בּ֗וֹ יִפּ֥וֹל בְּרָעָֽה׃
7 of the 8 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Proverbs 28:14
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
אֶ֫שֶׁר (esher) refers to happiness or blessedness, often used as an interjection to express joy. It is derived from a related root and appears primarily in a masculine plural form. The entries consistently highlight its meaning related to happiness and blessing.
[אֶ֫שֶׁר, or אָשָׁר] n.[m.] happiness, blessedness
base
H835 [אֶ֫שֶׁר, or אָשָׁר] happiness, blessedness
835 'esher eh'-sher
from 833; happiness; only in masculine plural construction as
interjection, how happy!:--blessed, happy.
see HEBREW for 0833
אֶ֫שֶׁר (e.sher) — blessed.
1) happiness, blessedness
1a) often used as interjection
1b) blessed are
N-mp — Noun common · masculine plural constructHNcmpc
bles'-ed (barukh): Where God is referred to, this word has the sense of "praise," as in 1Sa 25:32, "Blessed be Yahweh, the God of Israel." But where man is in mind it is used in the sense of "happy" or "favored," and most frequently so in the Psalms and the Gospels, as for example, "Blessed is the man that walketh not in the counsel of the wicked" (Ps 1:1); "Blessed art thou among women" (Lu 1:42); "Blessed are the poor in spirit" (Mt 5:3).
See BEATITUDES.
אָדָם (adam) refers to 'man' or 'mankind,' encompassing both individual humans and the species as a whole. It is also the name of the first man in the Bible, Adam, who is mentioned in various verses, including Genesis 2:19. The term can denote a city in the Jordan valley as well. The entries indicate a range of meanings, but there is no significant disagreement among them.
אָדָם 560 n.m. Gn 1:27 man, mankind
a man = human being
coll. man, mankind
n.pr.m. Adam, first man (without art.)
n.pr.loc. city in Jordan valley (as built?)
base
H120 אָדָם man, mankind . a man = human being
. coll. man, mankind
120 'adam aw-dawm'
from 119; ruddy i.e. a human being (an individual or the
species, mankind, etc.):--X another, + hypocrite, + common
sort, X low, man (mean, of low degree), person.
see HEBREW for 0119
אָדָם (a.dam) — man.
1) man, mankind
1a) man, human being
1b) man, mankind (much more frequently intended sense in OT)
1c) Adam, first man
1d) city in Jordan valley
אָדָם (a.dam) — the man (Adam).
The first named man living at the time before the Flood, first mentioned at Gen.2.19;
married to Eve (H2332);
father of: Cain (H7014B), Abel (H1893) and Seth (H8352); also translated "man" at Gen.2.19,21,23; 3.8,9,20; 5.2; "mankind" at Deu.32.8; "others" at Job.31.33;
Another spelling of a.dam (אָדָם "Adam" H0121)
man, human being
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa
פָּחַד (pachad) is a Hebrew verb meaning to dread or fear. It encompasses being startled or filled with awe, with various forms indicating different intensities of dread. The root conveys a sense of alarm and reverence, appearing in contexts that evoke both fear and respect.
פָּחַד vb. dread, be in dread, in awe
Qal
be in dread
be in awe
Pi. be in great dread
Hiph. filled my bones with dread
base
H6342 פָּחַד dread, be in dread, in awe
6342 pachad paw-kkad'
a primitive root; to be startled (by a sudden alarm); hence,
to fear in general:--be afraid, stand in awe, (be in) fear,
make to shake.
פָּחַד (pa.chad) — to dread.
1) to fear, tremble, revere, dread, be in awe or dread
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to be in dread
1a2) to be in awe
1b) (Piel) to be in great dread
1c) (Hiphil) to cause to dread
V-Piel — Verb · Piel · participle (active) masculine singularHVprmsa
תָּמִיד (tamiyd) refers to continuity or perpetuity, often used adverbially to mean continually or constantly. It is derived from a root meaning to stretch, indicating indefinite extension. The term is also associated with the regular daily sacrifice in the Old Testament, emphasizing its constant nature.
תָּמִיד n.m. continuity
earliest and oftenest as adv., continually
as subst.
base
H8548 תָּמִיד continuity . earliest and oftenest as adv., continually
. as subst.
8548 tamiyd taw-meed'
from an unused root meaning to stretch; properly, continuance
(as indefinite extension); but used only (attributively as
adjective) constant (or adverbially, constantly); ellipt. the
regular (daily) sacrifice:--alway(-s), continual
(employment, -ly), daily, ((n-))ever(-more), perpetual.
תָּמִיד (ta.mid) — continually.
1) continuity, perpetuity, to stretch
1a) continually, continuously (as adverb)
1b) continuity (subst)
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa
קָשָׁה (qashah) is a Hebrew verb meaning to be hard, severe, or fierce. It can describe difficulty or harshness in various contexts, including labor and obstinacy. The word has different forms, such as Qal (to be hard), Niphal (to be ill-treated), and Hiphil (to make difficult or burdensome).
[קָשָׁה] vb. be hard, severe, fierce
Qal
be hard, difficult
be hard, severe
Niph. hardly bestead, hard pressed
Pi. she made hard in her bearing (had severe labour)
Hiph.
make difficult, difficulty
make severe, burdensome, yoke imposed by king
make hard, stiff, stubborn, fig. of obstinacy
shew stubbornness
base
H7185 קָשָׁה be hard, severe, fierce .. be hard, difficult
. be hard, severe
. hardly bestead, hard pressed
. . make difficult, difficulty
. make severe, burdensome, yoke imposed by king
. . make hard, stiff, stubborn, fig. of obstinacy
. shew stubbornness
7185 qashah kaw-shaw'
a primitive root; properly, to be dense, i.e. tough or severe
(in various applications):--be cruel, be fiercer, make
grievous, be ((ask a), be in, have, seem, would) hard(-en,
(labour), -ly, thing), be sore, (be, make) stiff(-en,
(-necked)).
קָשָׁה (qa.shah) — to harden.
1) to be hard, be severe, be fierce, be harsh
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to be hard, be difficult
1a2) to be hard, be severe
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to be ill-treated
1b2) to be hard pressed
1c) (Piel) to have severe labour (of women)
1d) (Hiphil)
1d1) to make difficult, make difficulty
1d2) to make severe, make burdensome
1d3) to make hard, make stiff, make stubborn
1d3a) of obstinacy (fig)
1d4) to show stubbornness
Conj | V-Hiphil — Conjunction · verb hiphil participle (active) masculine singularHC/Vhrmsa
The Hebrew word לֵב (lev) means 'heart' and encompasses the inner man, mind, will, and emotions. It refers to the center of feelings, intellect, and moral character, as well as the seat of appetites and courage. The entries suggest a broad range of meanings related to human experience and thought, with a specific mention of its use in Jeremiah 51:1.
לֵב 599 n.m. (f.) inner man, mind, will, heart
seldom of things in the midst of the sea
elsewhere of men
the inner man in contrast with the outer
the inner man, indef., soul, comprehending mind, affections and will
specific reference to mind
spec. ref. to inclinations, resolutions and determinations of the will
spec. ref. to conscience
[various]
for the man himself
as seat of appetites
as seat of emotions and passions
seat of courage
base
לֵב קָמָי prob. late Atbash Je 51:1.
ref
H3820a לֵב inner man, mind, will, heart . seldom of things in the midst of the sea
. elsewhere of men . the inner man in contrast with the outer
. the inner man, indef., soul, comprehending mind, affections and will
. specific reference to mind
. spec. ref. to inclinations, resolutions and determinations of the will
. spec. ref. to conscience
. [various]
. for the man himself
. as seat of appetites
. as seat of emotions and passions
. seat of courage
H3820b לֵב קָמָי prob. late Atbash
3820 leb labe
a form of 3824; the heart; also used (figuratively) very
widely for the feelings, the will and even the intellect;
likewise for the centre of anything:--+ care for, comfortably,
consent, X considered, courag(-eous), friend(-ly), ((broken-),
(hard-), (merry-), (stiff-), (stout-), double) heart((-ed)), X
heed, X I, kindly, midst, mind(-ed), X regard((-ed)), X
themselves, X unawares, understanding, X well, willingly,
wisdom.
see HEBREW for 03824
לֵב (lev) — heart.
1) inner man, mind, will, heart, understanding
1a) inner part, midst
1a1) midst (of things)
1a2) heart (of man)
1a3) soul, heart (of man)
1a4) mind, knowledge, thinking, reflection, memory
1a5) inclination, resolution, determination (of will)
1a6) conscience
1a7) heart (of moral character)
1a8) as seat of appetites
1a9) as seat of emotions and passions 1a10) as seat of courage
לֵב (lev) — Leb.
§ Leb- = "heart of"
(probably a cryptic name for Babylon by Atbash)
N-ms | Suff — Noun common masculine singular construct · suffixHNcmsc/Sp3ms
נָפַל (naphal) is a Hebrew verb meaning 'to fall,' encompassing a wide range of applications, including falling by accident, experiencing violent death, or going to ruin. It can also refer to prostrating oneself, attacking, or causing someone to fall. The term appears in various contexts throughout the Old Testament, often indicating physical or metaphorical downfall.
נָפַל 433 vb. fall, lie
Qal 366
fall, by accident
Esp. of violent death
fig. = go to ruin, perish, etc.
fig. = experience calamity
fall, of a city
Fall prostrate
fall = prostrate oneself before
fall upon one's neck, in embrace
Fall upon = attack
desert or fall away to, go over to
Fig., of deep sleep
Other idiomatic uses
= lie; = lie prostrate
Hiph.
cause to fall
Of causing death; = overthrow, bring to destruction
Esp. of casting lot
Fig., let drop, cause to fail
cause deep sleep to fall
Other idioms
Hithp. throw, or prostrate oneself
base
H5307 נָפַל fall, lie .. fall, by accident
. . Esp. of violent death
. fig. = go to ruin, perish, etc.
. fig. = experience calamity
. fall, of a city
. . Fall prostrate
. fall = prostrate oneself before
. fall upon one's neck, in embrace
. . Fall upon = attack
. desert or fall away to, go over to
. Fig., of deep sleep
. Other idiomatic uses
. = lie; = lie prostrate
. . cause to fall
. Of causing death; = overthrow, bring to destruction
. Esp. of casting lot
. Fig., let drop, cause to fail
. cause deep sleep to fall
. Other idioms
. throw, or prostrate oneself
5307 naphal naw-fal'
a primitive root; to fall, in a great variety of applications
(intransitive or causative, literal or figurative):--be
accepted, cast (down, self, (lots), out), cease, die, divide
(by lot), (let) fail, (cause to, let, make, ready to) fall
(away, down, -en, -ing), fell(-ing), fugitive, have
(inheritance), inferior, be judged (by mistake for 6419), lay
(along), (cause to) lie down, light (down), be (X hast) lost,
lying, overthrow, overwhelm, perish, present(-ed, -ing), (make
to) rot, slay, smite out, X surely, throw down.
see HEBREW for 06419
נָפַל (na.phal) — to fall: fall.
: fall/drop/fail
1) to fall, lie, be cast down, fail
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to fall
1a2) to fall (of violent death)
1a3) to fall prostrate, prostrate oneself before
1a4) to fall upon, attack, desert, fall away to, go away to, fall into the hand of
1a5) to fall short, fail, fall out, turn out, result
1a6) to settle, waste away, be offered, be inferior to
1a7) to lie, lie prostrate
1b) (Hiphil)
1b1) to cause to fall, fell, throw down, knock out, lay prostrate
1b2) to overthrow
1b3) to make the lot fall, assign by lot, apportion by lot
1b4) to let drop, cause to fail (fig.)
1b5) to cause to fall
1c) (Hithpael)
1c1) to throw or prostrate oneself, throw oneself upon
1c2) to lie prostrate, prostrate oneself
1d) (Pilel) to fall
נָפַל (na.phal) — to fall: deserting.
: deserting
1) to fall, lie, be cast down, fail
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to fall
1a2) to fall (of violent death)
V-Qal-Imperf-3ms — Verb · Qal · imperfect third person masculine singularHVqi3ms
fol (vb.): The idea of falling is most frequently expressed in Hebrew by naphal, but also by many other words; in Greek by pipto, and its compounds. The uses of the word in Scripture are very varied. There is the literal falling by descent; the falling of the countenance in sorrow, shame, anger, etc. (Ge 4:5,6); the falling in battle (Ge 14:10; Nu 14:3, etc.); the falling into trouble, etc. (Pr 24:16,17); prostration in supplication and reverence (Ge 17:3; Nu 14:5, etc.); falling of the Spirit of Yahweh (Eze 11:5…
רַע (ra) is a Hebrew word meaning bad or evil, encompassing a range of negative qualities such as distress, misery, and ethical wrongdoing. It can describe unpleasantness, harm, or low value, and is used in various contexts, including emotional states and moral judgments. The entries also note its comparative form, indicating worse than or worst. The word has feminine forms, such as רָעָה (ra.ah), which similarly convey concepts of evil and distress.
רַע 228 adj. bad, evil
bad, disagreeable, malignant
bad, unpleasant, giving pain, unhappiness, misery
evil, displeasing
bad of its kind
bad, , i.e. of low value
מִן comp., worse than
sad, unhappy
devise evil (hurtful) device
bad, unkind, vicious in disposition or temper
ethically bad, evil, wicked
base
רַע 126 n.m. evil, distress, misery, injury, calamity
evil, distress, adversity
evil, injury, wrong
ethical evil
base
רָעָה 310 n.f. evil, misery, distress, injury
evil, misery, distress
evil, injury, wrong
ethical evil
base
H7451a רַע bad, evil . bad, disagreeable, malignant
. bad, unpleasant, giving pain, unhappiness, misery
. evil, displeasing
. bad of its kind
. bad, , i.e. of low value
. + מִן comp., worse than
. sad, unhappy
. devise evil (hurtful) device
. bad, unkind, vicious in disposition or temper
. ethically bad, evil, wicked
H7451b רַע evil, distress, misery, injury, calamity . evil, distress, adversity
. evil, injury, wrong
. ethical evil
H7451c רָעָה evil, misery, distress, injury . evil, misery, distress
. evil, injury, wrong
. ethical evil
7451 ra` rah
from 7489; bad or (as noun) evil (natural or moral):--
adversity, affliction, bad, calamity, + displease(-ure),
distress, evil((- favouredness), man, thing), + exceedingly, X
great, grief(-vous), harm, heavy, hurt(-ful), ill (favoured),
+ mark, mischief(-vous), misery, naught(-ty), noisome, + not
please, sad(-ly), sore, sorrow, trouble, vex,
wicked(-ly, -ness, one), worse(-st), wretchedness, wrong.
(Incl. feminine raaah; as adjective or noun.).
see HEBREW for 07489
רַע (ra) — bad: harmful.
: harmful
adj
1) bad, evil
1a) bad, disagreeable, malignant
1b) bad, unpleasant, evil (giving pain, unhappiness, misery)
1c) evil, displeasing
1d) bad (of its kind-land, water, etc)
1e) bad (of value)
1f) worse than, worst (comparison)
1g) sad, unhappy
1h) evil (hurtful)
1i) bad, unkind (vicious in disposition)
1j) bad, evil, wicked (ethically)
1j1) in general, of persons, of thoughts
1j2) deeds, actions
רַע (ra) — bad: evil.
1) evil, distress, misery, injury, calamity
1a) evil, distress, adversity
1b) evil, injury, wrong
1c) evil (ethical)
רָעָה (ra.ah) — distress: harm.
: harm
1) evil, misery, distress, injury
1a) evil, misery, distress
1b) evil, injury, wrong
1c) evil (ethical)
רַע (ra) — bad: evil.
: evil
adj
1) bad, evil
1a) bad, disagreeable, malignant
1b) bad, unpleasant, evil (giving pain, unhappiness, misery)
1c) evil, displeasing
Prep | N-fs — Preposition · noun common feminine singular absoluteHR/Ncfsa
ka-lam'-i-ti ('edh, "a load" or "burden" under which one is crushed, hence, "misfortune"; hayyah, hawwah, "fall," "ruin," the latter word used only in the plural; ra`, "evil in essence" hence, "adversity," once only, Ps 141:5, the Revised Version (British and American) "wickedness"): Purely an Old Testament term, signifying adversities--natural, but more often those that result from wickedness or moral evil. Various kinds: