Job 8:16 — Word Study
WLCרָטֹ֣ב ה֭וּא לִפְנֵי־ שָׁ֑מֶשׁ וְעַ֥ל גַּ֝נָּת֗וֹ יֹֽנַקְתּ֥וֹ תֵצֵֽא׃
BSAHehûwʼ [the ungodly, a luxuriant plant] is a well-watered plantrâṭôb△ [fresh, green before the sun] inpânîym the sunshineshemesh [before the sun] spreadingyâtsâʼ▸ [his shoots go forth, his branch shooteth] its shootsyôwneqeth [young sprouts, new growth] overʻal the gardengannâh [a place of growth, a cultivated plot]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| רָטֹ֣ב | [is] a fresh [plant] | Adj |
| ה֭וּא | he | Pronoun |
| לִפְנֵי־ | before | Preposition, noun common masculine plural construct |
| שָׁ֑מֶשׁ | [the] sun | Noun common, both singular absolute |
| וְעַ֥ל | and over | Conjunction, preposition |
| גַּ֝נָּת֗וֹ | garden its | Noun common feminine singular construct, suffix |
| יֹֽנַקְתּ֥וֹ | young shoot[s] its | Noun common feminine singular construct, suffix |
| תֵצֵֽא׃ | it goes out | Verb, Qal, imperfect third person feminine singular |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | He is a well-watered plant in the sunshine, spreading its shoots over the garden. |
| KJV | He is green before the sun, and his branch shooteth forth in his garden. |
| ASV | He is green before the sun, And his shoots go forth over his garden. |
| YLT | Green he [is] before the sun, And over his garden his branch goeth out. |
| WEB | He is green before the sun. His shoots go out along his garden. |
| BBE | He is full of strength before the sun, and his branches go out over his garden. |
Where they part company is in the choice of words for יֹנַקְתּו.
The main clause introduces the subject, with additional phrases providing context about its condition and actions.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
subjectהוּא
verbיָצָא
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
1 of 8 occurs nowhere else in the Old Testament — a word chosen on purpose.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Job 8:16
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — Job's Reflection on the Ungodlygenerated
Job 8:16 presents a vivid metaphor comparing the ungodly to a well-watered plant thriving in the sun. This imagery serves to highlight the fleeting nature of the ungodly's prosperity, as Job reflects on the fate of those who do not follow God's ways. The surrounding verses further elaborate on the instability of the ungodly, contrasting their temporary flourishing with the eventual consequences of their actions.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Job 21:7–15 | Why do the wicked live on, growing old and increasing in power? |
| 2 | Psalm 37:35–36 | I have seen a wicked, ruthless man flourishing like a well-rooted native tree, |
| 3 | Psalm 73:3–12 | For I envied the arrogant when I saw the prosperity of the wicked. |
| 4 | Job 5:3 | I have seen a fool taking root, but suddenly his house was cursed. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 4 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — רָטֹב, ra.Togenerated
The adjective רָטֹב (ra.To) means fresh or moist, often used to describe something vibrant and full of life, like a green plant. It is derived from the root רָטַב (rataḇ), emphasizing qualities of moisture and vitality.
In this verse, it describes the ungodly as a flourishing plant, suggesting a deceptive appearance of health and prosperity. The parsing as an adjective indicates that it modifies the subject, enhancing the metaphor of the ungodly's temporary success.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, which uses well-watered to convey the idea of a thriving plant.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The main verb תֵצֵא (it goes out) governs the entire clause, indicating the action of the shoots spreading forth. The structure emphasizes the flourishing nature of the ungodly plant.
The sentence is constructed with a subject and a series of phrases that describe its condition and actions, illustrating the ungodly's temporary flourishing in a well-watered state.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates רָטֹב as ὑγρὸς (hygros), which also means moist or fresh. This choice aligns closely with the Hebrew meaning, maintaining the imagery of vitality.
The use of ἀναβλαστάνει for יֹנַקְתּו suggests a focus on the growth aspect, emphasizing the ungodly's apparent flourishing.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Job 8:16 describes the ungodly as a well-watered plant, thriving in the sunshine and spreading its young shoots over the garden. This imagery illustrates the temporary prosperity of the ungodly, who may appear successful but ultimately face consequences for their actions.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
It suggests that the ungodly may appear to thrive and prosper for a time, but this state is temporary and deceptive.
It reflects Job's exploration of the fate of the wicked versus the righteous, emphasizing that temporary success does not equate to true blessing.
The garden symbolizes a cultivated place of growth, suggesting that the ungodly's apparent flourishing is not rooted in true righteousness.
The sun represents life and growth, but it also highlights the fleeting nature of the ungodly's prosperity under its light.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- In what ways have I seen people who seem to thrive but lack true depth or righteousness?
- How can I cultivate a life that is genuinely rooted in God's truth, rather than just appearing successful?
- What does it mean for me to be like a well-watered plant in my spiritual life?
- How can I discern between true growth and superficial flourishing in my own life and in others?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Early commentators reflect on this verse to discuss the nature of the ungodly and the imagery of flourishing plants in relation to divine judgment.
It is seen moist before the sun cometh, and his produce issueth forth in his springing up. Oftentimes in Holy Writ the Lord is represented by the title of the Sun, as it is said by the Prophet,Early Church Fathers on Job 8 →
The papyrus and the reed are dried by the scorching heat of the sun and their shoots rot, even though they are moistened by water. In fact, this is what “his branch shall sprout from his dung heap” means.Early Church Fathers on Job 8 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Job 8:16 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleHe [is] green before the sun,.... Which some understand of the rush or flag, of which a further account is given, as setting forth more fully the case of wicked men and hypocrites; but to either of
Read John Gill on Job 8 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryHe is green before the sun, and his branch shooteth forth in his garden. Before the sun , [ lipneey (H6440) shemesh (H8121)] - i:e., He (the godless) is green only before the sun rises; but he cannot bear its heat, and withers.
Read Robert Jamieson on Job 8 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleHe; either, 1. The perfect man, here understood out of , where it is expressed; or rather, 2. The hypocrite, of whom he hath hitherto treated, to whom this and the following verses very well agree; whom he before compared to a rush, and then to a spider’ s web, and now to a tree, which is of a more solid substance, and more durable; as if he said, As some wicked men are quickly cut off in the very beginnings of their prosperity, so there are others who seem to be more firmly grounded, and yet they also at last come to ruin. Is green, i.e. flourisheth in the world. Before the sun; either, 1. Publicly, and in the view of all men, who observe it with admiration, and applause, and envy: compare…
Read Matthew Poole on Job 8 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsJob 8:16 He [is] green before the sun, and his branch shooteth forth in his garden.Ver. 16. He is green before the sun] Succosus est, saith Tremellius, he is sappy and juicy, having a confluence of all kind of comforts and contentments, even more than heart could wish, as David expresseth it, Psalms 73:7. The hypocrite is all this; the height of whose happiness is here set forth by a third similitude, lest any should think that the two former did not reach home to the thing intended. Look how, saith Bildad, a great and tall tree, having many roots and branches, may be so cut up and thrown down, that no footstep, or sign of it, may any more appear; so may it fare with a wicked man: though he…
Read John Trapp on Job 8 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(16) He is green.—Here begins, as we understand it, another and an opposite picture, which fact is marked in the Hebrew by an emphatic pronoun. “Green is he (see Job 8:6) before the sun, &c., quite unlike the watery paper-plant. This man is verdant and luxuriant, not in the midst of moisture, but even before the sun.” There is not the same promise of verdure, but a greater realisation of it.
Read Charles John Ellicott on Job 8 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 16. He is green before the sun] This is another metaphor. The wicked is represented as a luxuriant plant, in a good soil, with all the advantages of a good situation; well exposed to the sun; the roots intervolving themselves with stones, so as to render the tree more stable; but suddenly a blast comes, and the tree begins to die. The sudden fading of its leaves, &c., shows that its root is become as rottenness, and its vegetable life destroyed. I have often observed sound and healthy trees, which were flourishing in all the pride of vegetative health, suddenly struck by some unknown and incomprehensible blast, begin to die away, and perish from the roots. I have seen also the…
Read AdamClarke on Job 8 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges8–19. The moral wisdom of the ancients Bildad, having laid down his moral principle, invites Job to reflect that it is a principle resting on the research and the generalized experience of men of generations long past, whose long lives enabled them to weigh and balance and infer from the multitude of cases the general truth. It is no new theory of his or of the short-lived men of to-day, who are but of yesterday and know nothing. These maxims of the ancient world are clothed in rich and gorgeous similes drawn from the luxuriant plant-life of the sultry East.
Read Cambridge on Job 8 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleHe is green before the sun - Vulgate, “antequam veniat sol - before the sun comes.” So the Chaldee, “before the rising of the sun.” So Eichhorn renders it.
Read Albert Barnes on Job 8 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
He is a well-watered plant in the sunshine, spreading its shoots over the garden.
He is green before the sun. His shoots go out along his garden.
He is a well-watered plant in the sunshine, spreading its shoots over the garden.
He is a well-watered plant in the sun, its shoots spread over its garden.
Tyndale line
He is green before the sun, and his branch shooteth forth in his garden.
He is green before the sun, And his shoots go forth over his garden.
He is green before the sun, and his shoots go forth over his garden.
He is green before the sun, and his branch shooteth forth in his garden.
The tree is greene before the sunne, and the branches spread ouer the garden thereof.
Strictly literal
He is full of sap before the sun, and his sprout shooteth forth over his garden;
Green he [is] before the sun, And over his garden his branch goeth out.
He [is] green before the sun, || And over his garden his branch goes out.
He is in full vigor before the sun, and over his garden his shoots go forth.
Under the sun he is green, and his shoots go out over his entire garden.
From the Latin
He seemeth to have moisture before the sun cometh, and at his rising his blossom shall shoot forth.
Simplified
Those who live without God are like a luxuriant plant growing in the sun, spreading its shoots all over the garden.
He is full of strength before the sun, and his branches go out over his garden.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text reads רָטֹ֣ב ה֭וּא לִפְנֵי־ שָׁ֑מֶשׁ וְעַ֥ל גַּ֝נָּת֗וֹ יֹֽנַקְתּ֥ו תֵצֵֽא׃, while the Septuagint matches all eight words, indicating agreement in the core imagery. The Dead Sea Scrolls show partial preservation, with some words restored by an editor, yet they align closely with the Masoretic Text.
רָטֹ֣ב ה֭וּא לִפְנֵי־ שָׁ֑מֶשׁ וְעַ֥ל גַּ֝נָּת֗וֹ יֹֽנַקְתּ֥וֹ תֵצֵֽא׃
8 of the 8 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
[רטב] [הוא] [לפני] [שמש] ועל גנת׳ו ינקת׳ו [תצא]
3 words on the leather — 5 supplied entire by an editor.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Job 8:16
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
רָטֹב (ratob) is an adjective meaning moist, juicy, or fresh. It is derived from the root word רָטַב (rataḇ) and is used in contexts like Job 8:16. The entries consistently emphasize its association with moisture and freshness.
רָטֹב adj. moist, juicy, fresh;—Jb 8:16.
ref
H7373 רָטֹב
7373 ratob raw-tobe'
from 7372; moist (with sap):--green.
see HEBREW for 07372
רָטֹב (ra.tov) — fresh.
moist, juicy, fresh
Adj — AdjHAamsa
הוּא (hu) is a third-person singular pronoun meaning he, she, or it, used for emphasis or when no verb is present. It can also refer to oneself or serve as a demonstrative pronoun. The word has various nuances, including resuming the subject with emphasis or expressing it unobtrusively. It can indicate 'that' or 'those' when used with the definite article.
הוּא m. הִיא f., pron. of the 3rd ps. sing. he, she, used also (in both genders) for the neuter it
an emph. he (she, it, they), sometimes equivalent to himself (herself, itself, themselves), or (esp. with the art.) that (those)
It resumes the subj. with emph.
Where, however, the pron. follows the pred., its position gives it the minimum of emphasis, and it expresses (or resumes) the subject as unobtrusively as possible
It anticipates (as it seems) the subject
As an emph. predicate, of God
In a neuter sense, that, it (of an action, occurrence, matte, etc.)
With the art.: so regularly when joined to a subst. defined itself by the art.
base
H1931 הוּא, הִיא he, she, used also (in both genders) for the neuter it . an emph. he (she, it, they), sometimes equivalent to himself (herself, itself, themselves), or (esp. with the art.) that (those)
. It resumes the subj. with emph.
. Where, however, the pron. follows the pred., its position gives it the minimum of emphasis, and it expresses (or resumes) the subject as unobtrusively as possible
. It anticipates (as it seems) the subject
. As an emph. predicate, of God
. In a neuter sense, that, it (of an action, occurrence, matte, etc.)
. With the art.: so regularly when joined to a subst. defined itself by the art.
1931 huw' hoo
of which the feminine (beyond the Pentateuch) is hiyw {he}; a
primitive word, the third person pronoun singular, he (she or
it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also
(intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same;
sometimes (as demonstrative) this or that; occasionally
(instead of copula) as or are:--he, as for her, him(-self),
it, the same, she (herself), such, that (...it), these, they,
this, those, which (is), who.
הוּא (hu) — he/she/it.
pron 3p s
1) he, she, it
1a) himself (with emphasis)
1b) resuming subj with emphasis
1c) (with minimum emphasis following predicate)
1d) (anticipating subj)
1e) (emphasising predicate)
1f) that, it (neuter) demons pron
2) that (with article)
Pron — PronounHPp3ms
ha: The fifth letter of the Hebrew alphabet; transliterated in this Encyclopedia as "h." It came also to be used for the number 5. For name, etc., see ALPHABET.
The Hebrew word פָּנֶה (*pāneh*) is a noun meaning 'face' or 'presence,' and it appears in various contexts, including the faces of seraphim and animals, as well as the surface of the ground. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'before' or 'in front of.' The word is built from a root that suggests turning or facing, and it encompasses a wide range of applications, both literal and figurative.
[פָּנֶה], pl. פָּנִים 2123 n.m. face, also faces
face, faces
presence, person
technically, see one's face, i.e. appear before one, in one's presence
face of seraphim
face of animals
face (= surface) of ground
as adv.loc. before
for other phrases
with prepositions
base
H6440 פָּנֶה, pl. פָּנִים face, also faces . . face, faces
. . presence, person
. technically, see one's face, i.e. appear before one, in one's presence
. face of seraphim
. face of animals
. face (= surface) of ground
. as adv. loc. before
. for other phrases
. with prepositions
6440 paniym paw-neem'
plural (but always as singular) of an unused noun (paneh
{paw-neh'}; from 6437); the face (as the part that turns);
used in a great variety of applications (literally and
figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a
preposition (before, etc.):--+ accept, a-(be- )fore(-time),
against, anger, X as (long as), at, + battle, + because (of),
+ beseech, countenance, edge, + employ, endure, + enquire,
face, favour, fear of, for, forefront(-part), form(-er
time, -ward), from, front, heaviness, X him(-self), +
honourable, + impudent, + in, it, look(-eth) (- s), X me, +
meet, X more than, mouth, of, off, (of) old (time), X on,
open, + out of, over against, the partial, person, + please,
presence, propect, was purposed, by reason of, + regard, right
forth, + serve, X shewbread, sight, state, straight, + street,
X thee, X them(-selves), through (+ - out), till, time(-s)
פָּנֶה (pa.neh) — face: before.
: before/to/front
1) face
1a) face, faces
1b) presence, person
1c) face (of seraphim or cherubim)
1d) face (of animals)
1e) face, surface (of ground)
1f) as adv of loc/temp
1f1) before and behind, toward, in front of, forward, formerly, from beforetime, before
1g) with prep
1g1) in front of, before, to the front of, in the presence of, in the face of, at the face or front of, from the presence of, from before, from before the face of
פָּנֶה (pa.neh) — face.
: face
1) face
1a) face, faces
1b) presence, person
1c) face (of seraphim or cherubim)
1d) face (of animals)
1e) face, surface (of ground)
1f) as adv of loc/temp
1f1) before and behind, toward, in front of, forward, formerly, from beforetime, before
1g) with prep
1g1) in front of, before, to the front of, in the presence of, in the face of, at the face or front of, from the presence of, from before, from…
Prep | N-cp — Preposition · noun common masculine plural constructHR/Ncmpc
be-for': The translation of a great variety of Hebrew and Greek words. "Haran died before (the English Revised Version "in the presence of," literally "before the face of") his father Terah" (Ge 11:28). To be "before" God is to enjoy His favor (Ps 31:22). "The Syrians before" (Isa 9:12 the Revised Version, margin "on the east," as "behind," owing to the position of Canaan, relative to Syria, implies the west).
שֶׁ֫מֶשׁ (shemesh) means 'sun' and is derived from a root meaning 'to be brilliant.' It encompasses various meanings, including directions like east and west, and can refer to the sun as an object of worship. Additionally, it can denote shining pinnacles or battlements.
שֶׁ֫מֶשׁ 133 n.f. et m. sun
sun
of direction: toward sun-rise, = East
obj. of worship
other phr.
pinnacle, as glittering, shining
base
H8121 שֶׁ֫מֶשׁ sun
8121 shemesh sheh'-mesh
from an unused root meaning to be brilliant; the sun; by
implication, the east; figuratively, a ray, i.e. (arch.) a
notched battlement:--+ east side(-ward), sun ((rising)), +
west(-ward), window. See also 1053.
see HEBREW for 01053
שֶׁ֫מֶשׁ (she.mesh) — sun.
1) sun
1a) sun
1b) sunrise, sun-rising, east, sun-setting, west (of direction)
1c) sun (as object of illicit worship)
1d) openly, publicly (in other phrases)
1e) pinnacles, battlements, shields (as glittering or shining)
N-cs — Noun common · both singular absoluteHNcbsa
Sun
(Heb. shemesh), first mentioned along with the moon as the two great luminaries of heaven (Gen. 1:14-18). By their motions and influence they were intended to mark and divide times and seasons. The worship of the sun was one of the oldest forms of false religion (Job 31:26,27), and was common among the Egyptians and Chaldeans and other pagan nations. The Jews were warned against this form of idolatry (Deut. 4:19; 17:3; comp. 2 Kings 23:11; Jer. 19:13).
In the history of "greater light," of the creation the sun is described as "greater light," in contradistinction to the moon, the "lesser light," in conjunction with which it was to serve "for signs and for seasons, and for days, and for years," while its special office was "to rule the day." (Genesis 1:14-16) The "signs" referred to were probably such extraordinary phenomena as eclipses, which were regarded as conveying premonitions of coming events. (Jeremiah 10:2; Matthew 24:29) with Luke 21:25 The joint influence assigned to the sun and moon in deciding the "seasons," both for agricultural operations and for religious festivals, and also in regulating the length and…
→ Created Ge 1:14-18; Ps 74:16; 136:7; Jer 31:35
→ Rising and setting of Ec 1:5
→ Diurnal motion of Ps 19:4,6
→ Worship of, forbidden De 4:19; 17:3
→ Worshiped Job 31:26-28; Jer 8:2; Eze 6:4,6; 8:16
→ Kings of Judah dedicate horses to 2Ki 23:11
→ Miracles concerning
The Hebrew word עַל (*al*) is a preposition meaning 'upon' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including 'on account of,' 'beside,' 'above,' and 'against.' It can indicate physical placement, emotional burdens, or duties imposed on a person. The entries also note its use in idiomatic expressions and with verbs of motion. There is a mention of its function as a conjunction in certain contexts.
כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as
base
עַל, עָ֑ל
subst. height
As prep. upon, and hence on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against
Upon, of the substratum upon which an object in any way rests, or on which an action is performed
—
of clothing, etc., which any one wears
With verbs of covering or protecting, even though the cover or veil be not over or above the thing covered, but around or before it
Of what rests heavily upon a person, or is a burden to him
Of a duty, payment, care, etc., imposed upon a person, or devolving on him
על is used idiom. to give pathos to the expression of an emotion, by emphasizing the person who is its subject, and who, as it were, feels it acting upon him
חָיָה עַל to live upon (as upon a foundation or support)
H5921a עַל, עָ֑ל . As prep. upon, and hence on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against . Upon, of the substratum upon which an object in any way rests, or on which an action is performed . — . of clothing, etc., which any one wears
. With verbs of covering or protecting, even though the cover or veil be not over or above the thing covered, but around or before it
. Of what rests heavily upon a person, or is a burden to him
. Of a duty, payment, care, etc., imposed upon a person, or devolving on him
. על is used idiom. to give pathos to the expression of an emotion, by emphasizing the person who is its subject, and who, as it were, feels it acting upon him
. חָיָה עַל to live upon (as upon a foundation or support)
5921 `al al
properly, the same as 5920 used as a preposition (in the
singular or plural often with prefix, or as conjunction with a
particle following); above, over, upon, or against (yet always
in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great
variety of applications (as follow):--above, according
to(-ly), after, (as) against, among, and, X as, at, because
of, beside (the rest of), between, beyond the time, X both
and, by (reason of), X had the charge of, concerning for, in
(that), (forth, out) of, (from) (off), (up-)on, over, than,
through(-out), to, touching, X with.
see HEBREW for 05920
עַל (al) — upon.
prep
1) upon, on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against
1a) upon, on the ground of, on the basis of, on account of, because of, therefore, on behalf of, for the sake of, for, with, in spite of, notwithstanding, concerning, in the matter of, as regards
1b) above, beyond, over (of excess)
1c) above, over (of elevation or pre-eminence)
1d) upon, to, over to, unto, in addition to, together with, with (of addition)
1e) over (of suspension or extension)
1f) by, adjoining, next, at, over, around (of contiguity or proximity)
1g) down upon, upon, on, from, up upon, up to, towards, over towards, to, against (with verbs of motion)
1h) to (as a dative)
[כִּי] עַל [כֵּן] ([ki] al [ken]) — as.
conj
Conj | Prep — Conjunction · prepositionHC/R
גַּנָּה (gannah) is a feminine noun meaning 'garden' or 'orchard.' It is derived from the root word for 'garden' (גַּן, gan). The entries consistently describe it as a place for growing plants, with no significant disagreement among the lexicons.
גַּנָּה n.f. garden (cf. foregoing [גַּן])—garden, orchard
base
H1593 גַּנָּה, גִּנָּה garden (cf. foregoing [גַּן])—garden, orchard
1593 gannah gan-naw'
feminine of 1588; a garden:--garden.
see HEBREW for 01588
גַּנָּה (gan.nah) — garden.
garden, orchard
Also means: gin.nah (גִּנָּה "garden" H1594)
N-fs | Suff — Noun common feminine singular construct · suffixHNcfsc/Sp3ms
יוֹנֶ֫קֶת (yowneqeth) refers to a young shoot or twig, derived from the related word for sprout. It is a feminine noun that captures the idea of a tender branch or young plant.
[יוֹנֶ֫קֶת] n.f. young shoot, twig
base
H3127 יוֹנֶ֫קֶת
3127 yowneqeth yo-neh'-keth
feminine of 3126; a sprout:--(tender) branch, young twig.
see HEBREW for 03126
יוֹנֶ֫קֶת (yo.ne.qet) — shoot.
young plant, twig, young shoot
N-fs | Suff — Noun common feminine singular construct · suffixHNcfsc/Sp3ms
יָצָא (yatsa') is a Hebrew verb meaning to go or come out, with various applications including departure, escape, and emergence. It can refer to both animate and inanimate subjects and emphasizes the idea of origin or source. The verb appears in different forms, such as Qal, Hiphil, and Hophal, indicating actions like leading out or being brought forth.
יָצָא 1068 vb. go or come out
Qal
go or come out or forth
from (מִן) a place
go forth from (the presence of) a person
in technical senses
of flight, involving escape
depart
of inanimate things
with especial emphasis on idea of origin, source
of children as going forth from loins (of father)
go forth to a place
go forward, proceed to or toward something
come or go forth, with esp. ref. to purpose or result
of combinations
Hiph.
cause to go or come out, bring out, lead out
fig. obj. persons, bring out of (מִן) distress, etc.
bring out animals
inanimate obj.
fig. subj. י׳, bring forth from (מִן)
Hoph. be brought forth
base
H3318 יָצָא go or come out .. go or come out or forth . from (מִן) a place
. go forth from (the presence of) a person
. in technical senses
. of flight, involving escape
. depart
. of inanimate things
. with especial emphasis on idea of origin, source
. of children as going forth from loins (of father)
. . go forth to a place
. go forward, proceed to or toward something
. come or go forth, with esp. ref. to purpose or result
. of combinations
. . cause to go or come out, bring out, lead out
. fig. obj. persons, bring out of (מִן) distress, etc.
. bring out animals
. inanimate obj.
. fig. subj. י׳, bring forth from (מִן)
. be brought forth
3318 yatsa' yaw-tsaw'
a primitive root; to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great
variety of applications, literally and figuratively, direct
and proxim.:--X after, appear, X assuredly, bear out, X
begotten, break out, bring forth (out, up), carry out, come
(abroad, out, thereat, without), + be condemned,
depart(-ing, -ure), draw forth, in the end, escape, exact,
fail, fall (out), fetch forth (out), get away (forth, hence,
out), (able to, cause to, let) go abroad (forth, on, out),
going out, grow, have forth (out), issue out, lay (lie) out,
lead out, pluck out, proceed, pull out, put away, be risen, X
scarce, send with commandment, shoot forth, spread, spring
out, stand out, X still, X surely, take forth (out), at any
time, X to (and fro), utter.
יָצָא (ya.tsa) — to come out: come.
: come/go_out/escape
1) to go out, come out, exit, go forth
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to go or come out or forth, depart
1a2) to go forth (to a place)
1a3) to go forward, proceed to (to or toward something)
1a4) to come or go forth (with purpose or for result)
1a5) to come out of
1b) (Hiphil)
1b1) to cause to go or come out, bring out, lead out
1b2) to bring out of
1b3) to lead out
1b4) to deliver
1c) (Hophal) to be brought out or forth
יָצָא (ya.tsa) — to come out: send.
: send/take_out/release
1) to go out, come out, exit, go forth
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to go or come out or forth, depart
1a2) to go forth (to a place)
1a3) to go forward, proceed to (to or toward something)
1a4) to come or go forth (with purpose or for result)
1a5) to come out of
1b) (Hiphil)
1b1) to cause to go or come out, bring out, lead out
1b2) to bring out of
1b3) to lead out
1b4) to deliver
V-Qal-Imperf-3fs — Verb · Qal · imperfect third person feminine singularHVqi3fs