Isaiah 57:5 — Word Study
WLCהַנֵּֽחָמִים֙ בָּֽאֵלִ֔ים תַּ֖חַת כָּל־ עֵ֣ץ רַעֲנָ֑ן שֹׁחֲטֵ֤י הַיְלָדִים֙ בַּנְּחָלִ֔ים תַּ֖חַת סְעִפֵ֥י הַסְּלָעִֽים׃
BSAwho burn with lustchâmam [inflame yourselves, with evil desire, passionate longing] undertachath everykôl [green] luxuriantraʻănân treeʻêts who slaughtershâchaṭ [kill, slay] your childrenyeled [youth, young ones] in the valleysnachal [brooks, streams] undertachath the cleftsçâʻîyph [cracks, rocky peaks] of the rocksçelaʻ [crags, cliffs]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| הַנֵּֽחָמִים֙ | who inflame yourselves | Particle, verb niphal participle (active) masculine plural |
| בָּֽאֵלִ֔ים | among the oaks | Preposition, noun common masculine plural absolute |
| תַּ֖חַת | under | Noun common, masculine singular construct |
| כָּל־ | every | Noun common, masculine singular construct |
| עֵ֣ץ | tree | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
| רַעֲנָ֑ן | luxuriant | Adj |
| שֹׁחֲטֵ֤י | [who] slaughter | Verb, Qal, participle (active) masculine plural common |
| הַיְלָדִים֙ | children | Particle, noun common masculine plural absolute |
| בַּנְּחָלִ֔ים | in the wadis | Preposition, noun common masculine plural absolute |
| תַּ֖חַת | under | Noun common, masculine singular construct |
| סְעִפֵ֥י | [the] clefts of | Noun common, masculine plural construct |
| הַסְּלָעִֽים׃ | the cliffs | Particle, noun common masculine plural absolute |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | who burn with lust among the oaks, under every luxuriant tree, who slaughter your children in the valleys, under the clefts of the rocks? |
| KJV | Enflaming yourselves with idols under every green tree, slaying the children in the valleys under the clifts of the rocks? |
| ASV | ye that inflame yourselves among the oaks, under every green tree; that slay the children in the valleys, under the clefts of the rocks? |
| YLT | Who are inflamed among oaks, under every green tree, Slaughtering the children in valleys, Under clefts of the rocks. |
| WEB | you who inflame yourselves among the oaks, under every green tree; who kill the children in the valleys, under the clefts of the rocks? |
| BBE | You who are burning with evil desire among the oaks, under every green tree; putting children to death in the valleys, under the cracks of the rocks? |
The translations agree on the key terms in this verse, particularly around the themes of lust and violence.
The sentence is structured with two main clauses, each followed by descriptive phrases that provide context for the actions.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
verbשָׁחַט
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Isaiah 57:5
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — Condemnation of Idolatry and Violencegenerated
Isaiah 57:5 addresses the Israelites' sinful practices, specifically their idolatry and the horrific act of sacrificing their children. This verse is part of a broader critique of their behavior, highlighting the depths of their moral decay. The surrounding verses further illustrate the consequences of such actions and God's judgment against them.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Exodus 32:6 | So the next day they arose, offered burnt offerings, and presented peace offerings. And the people sat down to eat and drink, and got up to indulge in revelry. |
| 2 | Numbers 25:1–2 | While Israel was staying in Shittim, the men began to indulge in sexual immorality with the daughters of Moab, |
| 3 | Jeremiah 50:38 | A drought is upon her waters, and they will be dried up. For it is a land of graven images, and the people go mad over idols. |
| 4 | Jeremiah 51:7 | Babylon was a gold cup in the hand of the LORD, making the whole earth drunk. The nations drank her wine; therefore the nations have gone mad. |
| 5 | Hosea 4:11–13 | Promiscuity, wine, and new wine take away understanding. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 27 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — חָמַם, ha.ne.cha.Mimgenerated
The Hebrew word חָמַם (chamam) is a verb meaning to warm or heat. It can describe physical warmth but also metaphorically refers to inflaming one's passions or desires. In this context, it indicates the people's intense lust and desire for idolatrous practices.
The Niphal participle form used here suggests that the people are actively inflaming themselves with these desires. This reflects a conscious choice to pursue their lusts, indicating a deep-seated corruption in their hearts.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The main verb of the verse is נֵּֽחָמִים֙, who inflame yourselves, which governs the actions described in the subsequent phrases. The structure emphasizes the actions of the people, highlighting their active participation in idolatry and violence.
The verse contains multiple phrases that describe the locations and actions: 'among the oaks,' 'under every luxuriant tree,' and 'in the valleys,' which together depict a vivid scene of their sinful practices.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates חָמַם as παρακαλοῦντες (parakalountes), meaning 'inviting' or 'urging.' This choice suggests an interpretation that emphasizes the active engagement of the people in their sinful desires, rather than merely describing their state.
This translation choice indicates a potential widening of the meaning, focusing on the invitation to sin rather than just the act of inflaming oneself.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Isaiah 57:5 condemns the people for their idolatrous practices, describing how they inflame their desires among the oaks and sacrifice their children in the valleys. This verse highlights the severity of their actions and God's judgment against such behavior.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
To 'burn with lust' refers to having intense, passionate desires, particularly for idolatry and sinful practices.
The mention of 'slaughtering children' highlights the extreme moral corruption of the people, as they were sacrificing their own offspring to idols.
The 'oaks' and 'luxuriant trees' symbolize the places where idolatrous practices were conducted, representing strength and fertility that the people wrongly associated with their false gods.
This verse is part of a larger passage that critiques the Israelites' sinful actions and warns of the consequences of their disobedience to God.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- In what ways do I see similar patterns of idolatry in today's society?
- How can I guard against inflaming my desires for things that lead away from God?
- What steps can I take to ensure I am nurturing my children in a way that honors God?
- How can I respond to the call to repentance that this verse presents?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Cyril of Alexandria comments on this verse, arguing that it reveals the people's deep hatred for God and their readiness to engage in horrific practices.
This shows them to be those who detest God, having a sick hatred for him and ready to eat blood. There was nothing new in this; it was a long established custom.Early Church Fathers on Isaiah 57 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Isaiah 57:5 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleInflaming yourselves with idols under every green tree,.... Or, "inflamed with or among oaks" (h); with images made of oaken wood, such as the Papists worship, Revelation 9:20 expressing a burning
Read John Gill on Isaiah 57 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryEnflaming yourselves with idols under every green tree, slaying the children in the valleys under the clifts of the rocks? Enflaming yourselves with idols - burning with lust toward idols (Gesenius); or else (cf.
Read Robert Jamieson on Isaiah 57 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleInflaming yourselves with idols, Heb. Being inflamed, &c.; lusting after them, and mad upon them, as the phrase is, ; fervent both in making and in worshipping of them, as was observed, , &c. It is a metaphor borrowed from whoredom, to which idolatry is oft compared. Under every green tree; wheresoever you see an idol erected, which was commonly done in groves, or under great and shady trees, which both defended the worshippers from the heat of the sun, and were supposed to strike them with a kind of sacred horror and reverence. See Poole ""; See Poole ""; See Poole "". Slaying the children, in way of sacrifice to their idols, after the manner of the barbarous heathens; of which see on…
Read Matthew Poole on Isaiah 57 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsIsaiah 57:5 Enflaming yourselves with idols under every green tree, slaying the children in the valleys under the clifts of the rocks?Ver. 5. Inflaming yourselves with idols.] That it might appear that there was good cause of so much sharpness, and that he did them no wrong. He painteth them out in their colours to the life: Incalescitis, id est, concumbitis; while ye commit folly and filthiness with your idols, ye are all "adulterers, as an oven heated by the baker; your baker sleepeth all the night, in the morning it burneth as a flaming fire." And as the love of harlots is oft hotter than that of husband and wife, so superstition many times outdoeth true religion. Slaying the children.]…
Read John Trapp on Isaiah 57 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(5) Enflaming yourselves.—The best illustration of the phrase is found in the real or supposed derivation of “fanatic” as meaning one who is circa fana calefactus. No word could better describe the orgiastic excitement of heathen rites. For “with idols read among the terebinths, which were prominent, with other trees, in the groves dedicated to idol-worship (Hosea 4:13; Ezekiel 6:13). Under every green tree is almost a stereotyped formula in this connection (Deuteronomy 12:2; 1 Kings 14:23; Jeremiah 2:20), the tree itself becoming a direct object of the cultus.Slaying the children in the valleys . . .—This had been done by Ahaz (2 Chronicles 28:3). It was perfectly natural that it should be…
Read Charles John Ellicott on Isaiah 57 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges3–13. Invective against an idolatrous party.—With regard to the reference of this obscure and difficult passage the following points have to be noticed: (1) The scenery of Isa 57:5-6 is unmistakeably Palestinian (wadis, clefts of the rock, terebinths). (2) Several of the rites specified bear the complexion of Canaanitish heathenism, and could not have been performed in Babylonia. (3) The opening words (“But ye”) seem to imply that the people addressed are distinct from those whose leaders are denounced in Isaiah 56:10-12. (4) Those spoken of are animated by contempt and hatred of the cause and people of Jehovah (Isaiah 57:4), while at the same time they advance pretensions to…
Read Cambridge on Isaiah 57 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleInflaming yourselves - Burning, that is, with lust. The whole language here is derived from adulterous intercourse.
Read Albert Barnes on Isaiah 57 →Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible5, 6. More closely scrutinizing their case, the prophet puts it as it is.
Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Isaiah 57 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
who burn with lust among the oaks, under every luxuriant tree, who slaughter your children in the valleys, under the clefts of the rocks?
you who inflame yourselves among the oaks, under every green tree; who kill the children in the valleys, under the clefts of the rocks?
who burn with lust among the oaks, under every luxuriant tree, who slaughter your children in the valleys, under the clefts of the rocks?
you who practice ritual sex under the oaks and every green tree, who slaughter children near the streams under the rocky overhangs.
Tyndale line
Enflaming yourselves with idols under every green tree, slaying the children in the valleys under the clifts of the rocks?
ye that inflame yourselves among the oaks, under every green tree; that slay the children in the valleys, under the clefts of the rocks?
ye that inflame yourselves among the oaks, under every green tree; that slay the children in the valleys, under the clefts of the rocks?
Inflaming yourselves with idols under every green tree, slaying the children in the valleys under the cliffs of the rocks?
Inflamed with idoles vnder euery greene tree? and sacrificing the children in the valleys vnder the tops of the rocks?
Strictly literal
inflaming yourselves with idols under every green tree, slaying the children in the valleys under the clefts of the rocks?
Who are inflamed among oaks, under every green tree, Slaughtering the children in valleys, Under clefts of the rocks.
Who are inflamed among oaks, under every green tree, || Slaughtering the children in valleys, || Under clefts of the rocks.
That are inflamed after the idols under every green tree; that slaughter the children in the valleys under the clefts of the rocks?
You heat yourselves up sleeping together under the oaks, under every green tree, you who kill your children in the dry riverbeds, under the rocky overhangs.
From the Latin
Who seek your comfort in idols under every green tree, sacrificing children in the torrents, under the high rocks?
Simplified
You're the ones having pagan orgies under the oak trees, under every green tree. You sacrifice your children in the valleys and among the rocky peaks.
You who are burning with evil desire among the oaks, under every green tree; putting children to death in the valleys, under the cracks of the rocks?
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Dead Sea Scrolls (1Qisaa) agree closely in wording, with only minor variations. The Septuagint matches 10 of the 12 words in the verse, indicating a strong consistency across these ancient witnesses.
הַנֵּֽחָמִים֙ בָּֽאֵלִ֔ים תַּ֖חַת כָּל־ עֵ֣ץ רַעֲנָ֑ן שֹׁחֲטֵ֤י הַיְלָדִים֙ בַּנְּחָלִ֔ים תַּ֖חַת סְעִפֵ֥י הַסְּלָעִֽים׃
10 of the 12 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
הנחמים באלים תחת כול עץ רענן שוחטי הילדים בנחלים תחת שעפי הסלעים
12 words on the leather.
כל עצ רענן [שחטי] [הילדים] [בנחלים] [תחת] [סעפי] [הסלעים]
9 words of the verse are on this fragment — 1 partly restored, 6 supplied entire by an editor.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Isaiah 57:5
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
חָמַם (chamam) is a Hebrew verb meaning to be or become warm. It can refer to physical warmth, as well as metaphorical heat, such as passion or arousal. The verb appears in various forms, including Qal (to grow warm), Niphal (to inflame oneself), Piel (to warm), and Hithpael (to warm oneself). The entries indicate its use in contexts like conception and idolatry.
[חָמַם] vb. be or become warm
Qal
lit., be or grow warm
fig.
of heat in conception (animals)
Niph. inflame oneself with, of idolatry.
Pi. keep eggs warm
Hithp. warm oneself
base
H2552 חָמַם be or become warm
2552 chamam khaw-mam'
a primitive root; to be hot (literally or
figuratively):--enflame self, get (have) heat, be (wax) hot,
(be, wax) warm (self, at).
חָמַם (cha.mam) — to warm.
1) to be hot, become warm
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to be or grow warm
1a2) of passion (fig.)
1b) (Niphal) to become aroused, inflame oneself with
1c) (Piel) to warm
1d) (Hithpael) to warm oneself
Art | V-Niphal — Particle · verb niphal participle (active) masculine pluralHTd/VNrmpa
אַ֫יִל (ayil) encompasses several meanings, including 'ram,' 'projecting pillar or pilaster,' 'leader or chief,' and 'terebinth.' It is derived from a root meaning strength, suggesting a connection to might and support. The term appears in various contexts, reflecting its diverse applications in the Old Testament.
אַ֫יִל 156 n.m. ram (as leader of flock)
base
אַ֫יִל n.[m.] projecting pillar or pilaster
base
[אַ֫יִל ?] n.m. leader, chief
base
[אַ֫יִל ?] n.m. terebinth
base
H352a אַ֫יִל ram H352b אַ֫יִל projecting pillar or pilaster H352c אַ֫יִל leader, chief H352d אַ֫יִל terebinth
352 'ayil ah'-yil
from the same as 193; properly, strength; hence, anything
strong; specifically a chief (politically); also a ram (from
his strength); a pilaster (as a strong support); an oak or
other strong tree:--mighty (man), lintel, oak, post, ram,
tree.
see HEBREW for 0193
אַ֫יִל (a.yil) — ram.
1) ram
1a) ram (as food)
1b) ram (as sacrifice)
1c) ram (skin dyed red, for tabernacle)
אַ֫יִל (a.yil) — pillar.
pillar, door post, jambs, pilaster
אַ֫יִל (a.yil) — leader.
strong man, leader, chief
אַ֫יִל (a.yil) — terebinth.
mighty tree, terebinth
Aramaic equivalent: i.lan (אִילָן "tree" H0363)
HRd/Ncmpa — Preposition · noun common masculine plural absoluteHRd/Ncmpa
תַּחַת (tachath) refers to the concept of being underneath or below. It can function as a noun meaning 'the under part,' or as an adverb and preposition indicating position or substitution, such as 'instead of' or 'for the sake of.' The word encompasses various uses, including physical placement and metaphorical meanings related to subjection or exchange.
תַּחַת n.[m.] the under part, hence as adv. accus. and prep. underneath, below, instead of
base
H8478 תַּחַת the under part, hence as adv. accus. and prep. underneath, below, instead of
8478 tachath takh'-ath
from the same as 8430; the bottom (as depressed); only
adverbially, below (often with prepositional prefix
underneath), in lieu of, etc.:--as, beneath, X flat,
in(-stead), (same) place (where...is), room, for...sake, stead
of, under, X unto, X when...was mine, whereas, (where-)fore,
with.
see HEBREW for 08430
תַּחַת (ta.chat) — underneath: under.
: under/below
1) the under part, beneath, instead of, as, for, for the sake of, flat, unto, where, whereas n m
1a) the under part adv accus
1b) beneath prep
1c) under, beneath
1c1) at the foot of (idiom)
1c2) sweetness, subjection, woman, being burdened or oppressed (fig)
1c3) of subjection or conquest
1d) what is under one, the place in which one stands
1d1) in one's place, the place in which one stands (idiom with reflexive pronoun)
1d2) in place of, instead of (in transferred sense)
1d3) in place of, in exchange or return for (of things mutually interchanged)
conj
1e) instead of, instead of that
1f) in return for that, because that in compounds
1g) in, under, into the place of (after verbs of motion)
1h) from under, from beneath, from under the hand of, from his place, under, beneath
תַּחַת (ta.chat) — underneath: instead.
: instead/in_place/exchange
Prep — Noun common · masculine singular constructHNcmsc
כֹּל (kol) means 'all' or 'the whole.' It can refer to totality, including every person or thing, and is often used with a following genitive to specify what is included. The term can also denote a broader sense of everything in existence or all circumstances of life. The lexicons do not show significant disagreement on its meanings.
כֹּל once כּוֹל n.m. the whole, all
with foll. gen. (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, any or every
Absolutely:
without the art., all things, all
with the art. הַכֹּל
where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned
in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe, or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late)
base
H3605 כֹּל once כּוֹל the whole, all . with foll. gen. (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, any or every
. Absolutely: . without the art., all things, all
. with the art. הַכֹּל . where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned
. in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe, or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late)
3605 kol kole
or (Jer. 33:8) kowl {kole}; from 3634; properly, the whole;
hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a
plural sense):--(in) all (manner, (ye)), altogether, any
(manner), enough, every (one, place, thing), howsoever, as
many as, (no-)thing, ought, whatsoever, (the) whole,
whoso(-ever).
see HEBREW for 03634
כֹּל (kol) — all.
1) all, the whole
1a) all, the whole of
1b) any, each, every, anything
1c) totality, everything
Aramaic equivalent: kol (כֹּל "all" H3606)
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular constructHNcmsc
עֵץ (ets) refers to a tree or wood, encompassing various forms such as timber, sticks, and planks. It can denote both singular and plural trees, as well as specific uses like gallows and firewood. The word is derived from a root meaning firmness, indicating its solid nature.
עֵץ 329 n.m. tree, trees, wood
(c. 150 t.)
a standing tree
coll. trees
(c. 175 t.; c. 120 t. pl., to denote pieces [or articles] of wood)
base
H6086 עֵץ tree, trees, wood . (c. 150 t.) . a standing tree
. coll. trees
. (c. 175 t.; c. 120 t. pl., to denote pieces [or articles] of wood)
6086 `ets ates
from 6095; a tree (from its firmness); hence, wood (plural
sticks):--+ carpenter, gallows, helve, + pine, plank, staff,
stalk, stick, stock, timber, tree, wood.
see HEBREW for 06095
עֵץ (ets) — tree: wood.
: wood
1) tree, wood, timber, stock, plank, stalk, stick, gallows
1a) tree, trees
1b) wood, pieces of wood, gallows, firewood, cedar-wood, woody flax
עֵץ (ets) — tree.
: tree
1) tree, wood, timber, stock, plank, stalk, stick, gallows
1a) tree, trees
1b) wood, pieces of wood, gallows, firewood, cedar-wood, woody flax
עֵץ (ets) — tree: stick.
: stick/log
1) tree, wood, timber, stock, plank, stalk, stick, gallows
1a) tree, trees
1b) wood, pieces of wood, gallows, firewood, cedar-wood, woody flax
עֵץ (ets) — tree: stake.
: stake/shaft
1) tree, wood, timber, stock, plank, stalk, stick, gallows
1a) tree, trees
1b) wood, pieces of wood, gallows, firewood, cedar-wood, woody flax
עֵץ (ets) — tree: carpenter.
: carpenter/wood(worker)
1) tree, wood, timber, stock, plank, stalk, stick, gallows
1a) tree, trees
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa
The Hebrew word רָעַן (*ra`an*) is a verb meaning to be or grow luxuriant, fresh, or green, while רַעֲנָן (*ra`anan*) is an adjective describing something as luxuriant or fresh. It is derived from an unused root meaning to be green and can also imply prosperity. The verb appears in Job 15:32.
[רָעַן] vb. only Pa‛lel be or grow luxuriant, fresh, green;—Jb 15:32
ref
רַעֲנָן adj. luxuriant, fresh
base
H7488a רָעַן only Pa‛lal be or grow luxuriant, fresh, green H7488b רַעֲנָן luxuriant, fresh
7488 ra`anan rah-an-awn'
from an unused root meaning to be green; verdant; by analogy,
new; figuratively, prosperous:--green, flourishing.
רָעַן (ra.an) — be fresh.
v
(Palel) to be or grow luxuriant or fresh or green
רַעֲנָן (ra.a.nan) — luxuriant.
adj
luxuriant, fresh
Aramaic equivalent: ra.a.nan (רַעֲנַן "luxuriant" H7487)
Adj — AdjHAamsa
שָׁחַט (shachat) is a Hebrew verb meaning to slaughter or kill, often in the context of sacrifice. It can refer to the slaughtering of animals for food or ritual purposes, as well as the killing of people in a sacrificial context. The noun form שַׁחֲטָה (shachat) is noted as a doubtful term, with a reference in Hosea 5:2.
שָׁחַט 84 vb. slaughter, beat
Qal slaughter
Niph. be slaughtered for food
base
שַׁחֲטָה n.f. doubtful word;—Ho 5:2 RV (cf. AV) the revolters are gone deep in slaughtering
ref
H7819a שָׁחַט slaughter, beat H7819b שַׁחֲטָה doubtful word
7819 shachat shaw-khat'
a primitive root; to slaughter (in sacrifice or
massacre):--kill, offer, shoot out, slay, slaughter.
שָׁחַט (sha.chat) — to slaughter.
v
1) to kill, slaughter, beat
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to slaughter
1a1a) beast for food
1a1b) sacrifice
1a1c) person in human sacrifice
1a1d) beaten, hammered (of shekels)
1b) (Niphal) to be slaughtered, be slain (of food or sacrifice)
Also means: sha.chat (שָׁחוּט "beaten" H7820)
שַׁחֲטָה (sha.cha.tah) — slaughtering.
1) (BDB) slaughtering
1a) word doubtful
V-Qal — Verb · Qal · participle (active) masculine plural commonHVqrmpc
יֶ֫לֶד (yeled) refers to a child, son, or youth, encompassing meanings like offspring and young man. It can also figuratively denote apostate Israelites. The word is derived from a root meaning something born, indicating its connection to birth and lineage.
יֶ֫לֶד 89 n.m. child, son, boy, youth
base
H3206 יֶ֫לֶד child, son, boy, youth
3206 yeled yeh'-led
from 3205; something born, i.e. a lad or offspring:--boy,
child, fruit, son, young man (one).
see HEBREW for 03205
יֶ֫לֶד (ye.led) — youth.
1) child, son, boy, offspring, youth
1a) child, son, boy
1b) child, children
1c) descendants
1d) youth
1e) apostate Israelites (fig.)
Art | N-mp — Particle · noun common masculine plural absoluteHTd/Ncmpa
The blessing of offspring, but especially of the male sex, is highly valued among all eastern nations, while a the absence is regarded as one of the severest punishments. (Genesis 16:2; 7:14; 1 Samuel 1:6; 2 Samuel 6:23; 2 Kings 4:14; Isaiah 47:9; Jeremiah 20:15; Psalms 127:3,5) As soon as the child was born it was washed in a bath, rubbed with salt and wrapped in swaddling clothes. (Ezekiel 16:4; Job 38:9; Luke…
A numerous offspring was regarded as a signal blessing, Ps 127:3-5, and childless wives sought various means to escape the reproach of barrenness, which was deprecated in the blessing given to a newly married couple, Ru 4:11. The pangs of childbirth, in their suddenness and sharpness, are often alluded to in Scripture. The apostle Paul speaks of them as fruits and evidences of the fall; but assures those who abide in faith, that, amid all the suffering that reminds them that woman was first in the transgression, Ge 3:16, they may yet look trustfully to God for acceptance and salvation, 1Ti 2:15.
→ In answer to prayer
To Abraham Ge 15:2-5; with 21:1,2
Isaac Ge 25:21
Leah Ge 30:17-22
Rachel Ge 30:22-24
Hannah 1Sa 1:9-20
Zacharias Lu 1:13
→ Treatment of, at birth Eze 16:4-6; Lu 2:7,12
→ Circumcision of
→ See CIRCUMCISION
→ Dedicated to God in infancy
Samson Jud 13:5,7
Samuel 1Sa 1:24-28
- Christ was an example to
- Are a gift from God
- Are capable of glorifying God
- SHOULD BE
. Brought to Christ
. Brought early to the house of God
. Instructed in the ways of God
. Judiciously trained
נַ֫חַל (*nachal*) primarily refers to a torrent or stream, often associated with a valley or wadi where water flows, particularly in winter. It can also denote a shaft of a mine. Additionally, the term may relate to palm trees in certain contexts. The word appears in various forms in the Old Testament, including references in Psalms and Ezekiel.
נַ֫חַל n.m. torrent, torrent-valley, wady
base
[נַ֫חַל] n.[m.] perh. palm-tree;—only pl. abs., Nu 24:6
ref
H5158a נַ֫חַל torrent, torrent-valley, wady H5158b נַ֫חַל perh. palm-tree
5158 nachal nakh'-al
or (feminine) nachlah (Psalm 124:4) {nakh'-law}; or nachalah
(Ezekiel 47:19; 48:28) {nakh-al-aw'}; from 5157 in its
original sense; a stream, especially a winter torrent; (by
implication) a (narrow) valley (in which a brook runs); also a
shaft (of a mine):--brook, flood, river, stream, valley.
see HEBREW for 05157
נַ֫חַל (na.chal) — torrent: river.
: river/bed
1) torrent, valley, wadi, torrent-valley
1a) torrent
1b) torrent-valley, wadi (as stream bed)
1c) shaft (of mine)
Also means: na.chal (נַ֫חַל ": valley" H5158N)
נַ֫חַל (na.chal) — palm-tree.
palm-tree
נַ֫חַל (na.chal) — Brook.
§ palm-tree
נַ֫חַל (na.chal) — (Eshcol) Valley.
Combined with esh.kol (אֶשְׁכֹּל " of Eshcol" H0812H)
§ palm-tree
נַ֫חַל (na.chal) — (Shittim) Valley.
Combined with shit.tim (שִׁטִּים " of Shittim" H7851H)
§ palm-tree
נַ֫חַל (na.chal) — (Sorek) Valley.
Combined with s.vo.req (שֹׂרֵק " of Sorek" H7796)
§ palm-tree
נַ֫חַל (na.chal) — Brook.
§ palm-tree
נַ֫חַל (na.chal) — Brook.
palm-tree
Another name of shi.chor (שִׁיחוֹר "Shihor" H7883G)
נַ֫חַל (na.chal) — Brook.
palm-tree
Another name of shi.chor (שִׁיחוֹר "Shihor" H7883G)
Prep | N-mp — Preposition · noun common masculine plural absoluteHRd/Ncmpa
תַּחַת (tachath) refers to the concept of being underneath or below. It can function as a noun meaning 'the under part,' or as an adverb and preposition indicating position or substitution, such as 'instead of' or 'for the sake of.' The word encompasses various uses, including physical placement and metaphorical meanings related to subjection or exchange.
תַּחַת n.[m.] the under part, hence as adv. accus. and prep. underneath, below, instead of
base
H8478 תַּחַת the under part, hence as adv. accus. and prep. underneath, below, instead of
8478 tachath takh'-ath
from the same as 8430; the bottom (as depressed); only
adverbially, below (often with prepositional prefix
underneath), in lieu of, etc.:--as, beneath, X flat,
in(-stead), (same) place (where...is), room, for...sake, stead
of, under, X unto, X when...was mine, whereas, (where-)fore,
with.
see HEBREW for 08430
תַּחַת (ta.chat) — underneath: under.
: under/below
1) the under part, beneath, instead of, as, for, for the sake of, flat, unto, where, whereas n m
1a) the under part adv accus
1b) beneath prep
1c) under, beneath
1c1) at the foot of (idiom)
1c2) sweetness, subjection, woman, being burdened or oppressed (fig)
1c3) of subjection or conquest
1d) what is under one, the place in which one stands
1d1) in one's place, the place in which one stands (idiom with reflexive pronoun)
1d2) in place of, instead of (in transferred sense)
1d3) in place of, in exchange or return for (of things mutually interchanged)
conj
1e) instead of, instead of that
1f) in return for that, because that in compounds
1g) in, under, into the place of (after verbs of motion)
1h) from under, from beneath, from under the hand of, from his place, under, beneath
תַּחַת (ta.chat) — underneath: instead.
: instead/in_place/exchange
Prep — Noun common · masculine singular constructHNcmsc
סָעִיף (sa'if) refers to a cleft or branch, derived from a root meaning fissure. The term encompasses both geological features, like a cleft in rocks, and botanical aspects, such as branches or boughs. It is used in contexts that highlight these meanings, but the entries do not specify particular verses.
[סָעִיף] n.[m.] 1. cleft. 2. branch
base
H5585 סָעִיף 1. cleft. 2. branch
5585 ca`iyph saw-eef'
from 5586; a fissure (of rocks); also a bough (as
subdivided):--(outmost) branch, clift, top.
see HEBREW for 05586
סָעִיף (sa.iph) — cleft.
1) cleft, branch
1a) cleft (of a crag)
1b) branches, boughs
N-mp — Noun common · masculine plural constructHNcmpc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
סֶ֫לַע (cela`) refers to a crag or cliff, indicating a strong, rocky formation. It can denote both a literal rock and a figurative stronghold, suggesting security and loftiness. The entries consistently emphasize its meanings related to rugged terrain and fortification, with no significant disagreements noted among the lexicons.
סֶ֫לַע 61 n.m. crag, cliff
base
H5553 סֶ֫לַע crag, cliff
5553 cela` seh'-lah
from an unused root meaning to be lofty; a craggy rock,
literally or figuratively (a fortress):--(ragged) rock,
stone(-ny), strong hold.
סֶ֫לַע (se.la) — rock.
The Rock
Sela (H5554)
סֶ֫לַע (se.la) — crag.
1) crag, cliff, rock
1a) crag, cliff
1b) as stronghold of Jehovah, of security (fig.)
Art | N-mp — Particle · noun common masculine plural absoluteHTd/Ncmpa