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Isaiah 5:27 — Word Study

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WLCאֵין־ עָיֵ֤ף וְאֵין־ כּוֹשֵׁל֙ בּ֔וֹ לֹ֥א יָנ֖וּם וְלֹ֣א יִישָׁ֑ן וְלֹ֤א נִפְתַּח֙ אֵז֣וֹר חֲלָצָ֔יו וְלֹ֥א נִתַּ֖ק שְׂר֥וֹךְ נְעָלָֽיו׃

BSANoneʼayin grows wearyʻâyêph [exhausted or weakened] [or]ʼayin [to lose balance, falter] stumbleskâshal nolôʼ one slumbersnûwm [in a state of drowsiness] orlôʼ [in a deep state of unconsciousness] sleepsyâshên Nolôʼ [leather strap or cord] beltʼêzôwr is loosepâthach [unfastened or loosened] and nolôʼ [strap or lace] sandalnaʻal strapsᵉrôwk is brokennâthaq [torn or broken, ripped apart]

Word
Listen & take awayIsaiah 5
English ↓ Download MP3 The Berean Standard Bible chapter audio already hosted for the site's Bible section — verse 27 is in this chapter.
Hebrew ↓ Download MP3 The Masoretic text of this chapter, read aloud. Read by Abraham Shmuelof, courtesy of Audio Scriptures International. Chapter divisions by the Academy of Ancient Languages..
Say the word Each Hebrew word carries its transliteration (ne.'a.Lav) — no per-word recordings of the Hebrew exist to link to.
Take it away
Isaiah 5:27quick helps
In a sentenceThe verse emphasizes the unwavering strength and alertness of God's messengers.
Who is speakingThe prophet Isaiah, conveying a message about God's appointed ones.
Where we areThis verse is part of a prophecy describing the swift and powerful response of God’s agents.
The hard wordעָיֵף
Take awayGod's messengers are depicted as tireless and strong, ready for action.
8 commentators on this verse Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them › clause subjectעָיֵף verbכָּשַׁל The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
How rare are these words?in the Old Testament

Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.

Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.

Deep Study — Isaiah 5:27

Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.

Context — The Strength of God's Messengersgenerated

26He lifts a banner for the distant nations and whistles for those at the ends of the earth. Behold—how speedily and swiftly they come!
27None of them grows weary or stumbles; no one slumbers or sleeps. No belt is loose and no sandal strap is broken.
28Their arrows are sharpened, and all their bows are strung. The hooves of their horses are like flint; their chariot wheels are like a whirlwind.
29Their roaring is like that of a lion; they roar like young lions. They growl and seize their prey; they carry it away from deliverance.

Isaiah 5:27 describes the unwavering nature of God's messengers, highlighting their strength and vigilance. This verse emphasizes that they do not tire or falter, contrasting with human weakness. It serves to illustrate the divine empowerment of those sent by God, ensuring they are always ready for their mission, as also seen in other prophetic texts like Joel 2:7–8.


Cross References

ReferenceText (BSB)
1Joel 2:7–8They charge like mighty men; they scale the walls like men of war. Each one marches in formation, not swerving from the course.
2Isaiah 11:5Righteousness will be the belt around His hips, and faithfulness the sash around His waist.
3Isaiah 45:1–5This is what the LORD says to Cyrus His anointed, whose right hand I have grasped to subdue nations before him, to disarm kings, to open the doors before him, so that the gates will not be shut:
41 Kings 2:5Moreover, you know what Joab son of Zeruiah did to me—what he did to Abner son of Ner and Amasa son of Jether, the two commanders of the armies of Israel. He killed them in peacetime to avenge the blood of war. He stained with the blood of war the belt around his waist and the sandals on his feet.
5Job 12:18–21He loosens the bonds placed by kings and fastens a belt around their waists.

The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 10 references, hung on the phrase they belong to

shall beJoel 2:7–8
nor the latchetDeuteronomy 32:25

The Key Word עָיֵף, 'a.Yefgenerated

The adjective עָיֵף ('a.Yef) means weary or faint, describing a state of exhaustion. It conveys the idea of being drained of energy, often used in contexts where individuals are struggling or facing challenges.

In this verse, the use of עָיֵף emphasizes that none of God's messengers experience fatigue or weakness, underscoring their divine strength and resilience.


How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated

This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.


Sentence Structuregenerated

The verse consists of multiple clauses, with the main idea being introduced by the verb אֵין, there is not. This verb governs the subsequent descriptions of God's messengers, indicating their unwavering nature.

The structure emphasizes the absence of weariness and stumbling, followed by a series of negations that reinforce the strength and readiness of the messengers.


Septuagint Backgroundgenerated

The Septuagint translates עָיֵף as πεινάσουσιν, which means 'they will be hungry.' This choice shifts the focus from weariness to a state of need, suggesting a different interpretation of the condition of God's messengers.

This translation choice indicates a widening of the original meaning, moving from physical exhaustion to a broader sense of lacking sustenance.


In plain words — the whole versegenerated

Isaiah 5:27 states that God's messengers do not grow tired or stumble, and they remain alert and ready. They are depicted as strong and unwavering, with no loose belts or broken sandal straps, symbolizing their preparedness for action.


Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated

What does it mean that none of them grows weary?

It means that God's messengers are empowered and sustained by Him, allowing them to remain vigilant and strong without fatigue.

Why is stumbling mentioned in this verse?

Stumbling symbolizes weakness or failure, and the verse emphasizes that God's messengers do not falter in their mission.

What do the terms about belts and sandal straps imply?

These terms symbolize readiness and preparedness, indicating that God's messengers are always equipped for their tasks.

How does this verse relate to other prophetic texts?

It connects to themes of divine strength and support found in other prophecies, illustrating God's assurance to His messengers.


Reflection Questionsgenerated

  1. In what areas of my life do I feel weary, and how can I seek God's strength in those moments?
  2. How can I ensure that I remain spiritually alert and ready for the tasks God sets before me?
  3. What does it mean for me to not stumble in my faith, and how can I support others in their journeys?
  4. How can I apply the readiness symbolized by the belts and sandals to my daily life?

Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse

Each of these wrote on Isaiah 5:27 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.

John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

None shall be weary nor stumble among them,.... Though they should come from far, and make long marches, yet none should be weary by the way, but go on with great cheerfulness and strength; and

Read John Gill on Isaiah 5 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary

None shall be weary nor stumble among them; none shall slumber nor sleep; neither shall the girdle of their loins be loosed, nor the latchet of their shoes be broken: None shall be weary - with long marches (Deuteronomy 25:18).

Read Robert Jamieson on Isaiah 5 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy Bible

None shall be weary, though their march be long and tedious. As I have called them to this work, so I will strengthen and assist them in it. None shall slumber nor sleep; they shall all be watchful and diligent to take all opportunities and advantages of executing my judgments upon my people. Neither shall the girdle of their loins be loosed, nor the latchet of their shoes be broken; which otherwise would hinder, or at least slacken, them in their march. I will take all impediments out of their way.

Read Matthew Poole on Isaiah 5 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

Isaiah 5:27 None shall be weary nor stumble among them; none shall slumber nor sleep; neither shall the girdle of their loins be loosed, nor the latchet of their shoes be broken:Ver. 27. None shall be weary nor stumble.] Though they come speedily, yet they shall none of them tire or turn out of the way, but come on with expedition, robusti, alacres, felices, probe armati, saevi being lively, lusty, happy, well appointed, fierce. None shall slumber or sleep.] More than the necessity of nature requireth; they shall be no less vigilant than diligent. Neither shall the girdle of their loins be loosed.] They may put up their swords sometimes, but not put them off at all, as it is said of Julius…

Read John Trapp on Isaiah 5 →
Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(27-29) None shall be weary . . .—The three verses paint the progress of the invading army. Unresting, unhasting, in perfect order, they march onward. They do not loosen their girdle for repose. The latchet or thong which fastens their sandals is not “broken” or untied. The light-armed troops are there, probably the Medes and Elamites in the Assyrian army (Isaiah 13:18). The chariots of the Assyrians themselves are there, sweeping onward like a tempest. Their unshod hoofs (the practice of shoeing horses was unknown in the ancient East) are hard as flint. Comp. Homer’s epithet of “brazen-footed” (Il. v. 329); and Amos 6:12. The battle-cry is heard far off like the roaring of lions.

Read Charles John Ellicott on Isaiah 5 →
AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible

Verse 27. None - among them] Kimchi has well illustrated this continued exaggeration or hyperbole, as he rightly calls it, to the following effect: "Through the greatness of their courage they shall not be fatigued with their march; nor shall they stumble though they march with the utmost speed: they shall not slumber by day, nor sleep by night; neither shall they ungird their armour, or put off their sandals to take their rest. Their arms shall be always in readiness, their arrows sharpened, and their bows bent. The hoofs of their horses are hard as a rock. They shall not fail, or need to be shod with iron: the wheels of their carriages shall move as rapidly as a whirlwind." Neither shall…

Read AdamClarke on Isaiah 5 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

27. Their accoutrement is perfect down to the smallest detail.

Read Cambridge on Isaiah 5 →
Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the Bible

None shall be weary - In this verse and the following, the prophet describes the condition of the army that would be summoned to the destruction of Judea.

Read Albert Barnes on Isaiah 5 →

The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company

Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.

Modern formal

BSBBerean Standard Bible2020

None of them grows weary or stumbles; no one slumbers or sleeps. No belt is loose and no sandal strap is broken.

WEBWorld English Bible2000

No one shall be weary nor stumble among them; no one shall slumber nor sleep, neither shall the belt of their waist be untied, nor the strap of their sandals be broken,

MSBMajority Standard Bible2022

None of them grows weary or stumbles; no one slumbers or sleeps. No belt is loose and no sandal strap is broken.

NETBNew English Translation2006

None tire or stumble, they don’t stop to nap or sleep. They don’t loosen their belts, or unstrap their sandals to rest.

Tyndale line

KJVKing James Version1611

None shall be weary nor stumble among them; none shall slumber nor sleep; neither shall the girdle of their loins be loosed, nor the latchet of their shoes be broken:

ASVAmerican Standard Version1901

None shall be weary nor stumble among them; none shall slumber nor sleep; neither shall the girdle of their loins be loosed, nor the latchet of their shoes be broken:

RVARevised Version, American1894

None shall be weary nor stumble among them; none shall slumber nor sleep; neither shall the girdle of their loins be loosed, nor the latchet of their shoes be broken:

NWBWebster's Bible1833

None shall be weary nor stumble among them; none shall slumber nor sleep; neither shall the girdle of their loins be loosed, nor the latchet of their shoes be broken:

GNVGeneva Bible1599

None shall faint nor fall among them: none shall slumber nor sleepe, neither shall the girdle of his loynes be loosed, nor the latchet of his shooes be broken:

Strictly literal

DBYDarby Translation1890

None among them is weary, none stumbleth; they slumber not, nor sleep; none hath the girdle of his loins loosed, nor the thong of his sandals broken;

YLTYoung's Literal Translation1862

There is none weary, nor stumbling in it, It doth not slumber, nor sleep, Nor opened hath been the girdle of its loins, Nor drawn away the latchet of its sandals.

LSVLiteral Standard Version2020

There is none weary, nor stumbling in it, || It does not slumber, nor sleep, || Nor has the girdle of its loins been opened, || Nor the strap of its sandals drawn away.

ILTInterlinear Literal Translation2000

There is none weary, nor stumbling among its men; it slumbereth not, it sleepeth not; not loosened is the girdle of its loins, not broken is the latchet of its shoes;

ULBUnlocked Literal Bible2017

None tire or stumble among them; none slumbers or sleeps. Nor are their belts loose, or the thongs of their sandals broken.

From the Latin

DRADouay-Rheims (Challoner)1899

There is none that shall faint, nor labour among them: they shall not slumber nor sleep, neither shall the girdle of their loins be loosed, nor the latchet of their shoes be broken.

Simplified

FBVFree Bible Version2020

None of them gets tired or stumbles; none of them rests or sleeps. No belt comes loose, and no sandal strap breaks.

BBEBible in Basic English1949

There is no weariness among them, and no man is feeble-footed: they come without resting or sleeping, and the cord of their shoes is not broken.

Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.


The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank

This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.

clausepredicateאֵיןthere.[is].notsubjectעָיֵ֤ףa.weary.[one]וְandclausepredicateאֵיןthere.[is].notsubjectכּוֹשֵׁל֙[one.who].stumblesprepositional phrase · prepositionalבּ֔amongוֹitclauseadverbialלֹ֥אnotverbיָנ֖וּםanyone.will.slumberוְandclauseadverbialלֹ֣אnotverbיִישָׁ֑ןanyone.will.sleepוְandclauseadverbialלֹ֤אnotverbנִפְתַּח֙it.has.been.openednoun phrase · subjectאֵז֣וֹרthe.loinclothnoun phraseחֲלָצָ֔יits.loinsוhisוְandclauseadverbialלֹ֥אnotverbנִתַּ֖קit.has.been.torn.apartnoun phrase · subjectשְׂר֥וֹךְa.thongnoun phraseנְעָלָֽיits.sandalsוhis

Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.


The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran

The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint align closely in meaning, with 14 of the 17 words matched. The Dead Sea Scrolls confirm the majority of the verse, with some words supplied by editors due to damage.

Masoretic TextLeningrad Codex, c. AD 1008 — the text this page is built on

אֵין־ עָיֵ֤ף וְאֵין־ כּוֹשֵׁל֙ בּ֔וֹ לֹ֥א יָנ֖וּם וְלֹ֣א יִישָׁ֑ן וְלֹ֤א נִפְתַּח֙ אֵז֣וֹר חֲלָצָ֔יו וְלֹ֥א נִתַּ֖ק שְׂר֥וֹךְ נְעָלָֽיו׃

Septuagintthe Greek the translators chose, word by word
אֵין־οὐעָיֵ֤ףπεινάσουσινוְאֵין־οὐδὲכּוֹשֵׁל֙κοπιάσουσινלֹ֥אοὐδὲיָנ֖וּםνυστάχουσινוְלֹ֣אοὐδὲיִישָׁ֑ןκοιμηθήσονταιוְלֹ֤אοὐδὲנִפְתַּח֙λύσουσινחֲלָצָ֔יוὀσφύοςוְלֹ֥אμὴנִתַּ֖קῥαγῶσινשְׂר֥וֹךְἱμάντες

14 of the 17 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.

Dead Sea Scrolls — 1Qisaaa copy a thousand years older than the Leningrad Codex

אין יעף ואין כושל ולוא ינום ולוא יישן ולוא נפתחה אזור חלצי׳ו ולוא נתק שרוך נעלי׳ו

16 words of the verse are on this fragment. The rest of the verse is not on it.

Dead Sea Scrolls — 4Q56a copy a thousand years older than the Leningrad Codex

[אין] עיף ואין [כושל] [ב׳ו] [לא] [ינום] [ולא] [יישן] [ולא] [נפתח] [אזור] [חלצי׳ו] [ולא] [נתק] [שרוך] נעל׳ו

3 words on the leather — 14 supplied entire by an editor.

Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.


The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with

This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.

Isaiah 5:27אַ֫יִןthere notthere notאַ֫יִןעָיֵף[is] a wear[is] a weary [oעָיֵףאַ֫יִןand there nand there notאַ֫יִןכָּשַׁל[is one who[is one who] stכָּשַׁלוֹamong itamong itוֹלֹאnotnotלֹאנוּםanyone willanyone will sluנוּםלֹאand notand notלֹאיָשֵׁןanyone willanyone will sleיָשֵׁןלֹאand notand notלֹאפָּתַחit has beenit has been opeפָּתַחאֵזוֹר[the] waist[the] waistbandאֵזוֹרחָלָץloins itsloins itsחָלָץלֹאand notand notלֹאנָתַקit has beenit has been torנָתַקשְׂרוֹךְa thong ofa thong ofשְׂרוֹךְנַ֫עַלsandals itssandals itsנַ֫עַלאַ֫יִןwhere?where?אַ֫יִןעִיףbe faintbe faintעִיףאֲזֵקchainschainsאֲזֵקחָלַץto rescueto rescueחָלַץשָׂרַךְto twistto twistשָׂרַךְנָעַלto lockto lockנָעַליָכֹלbe ablebe ableיָכֹלעוֹדstillstillעוֹדכְּמוֹlikelikeכְּמוֹרָעֵבhungryhungryרָעֵבנֶ֫פֶשׁsoulsoulנֶ֫פֶשׁעָזַרto helpto helpעָזַריָשֵׁןto sleepto sleepיָשֵׁןשָׁמַרto keep: oto keep: obeyשָׁמַרנוּםto slumberto slumberנוּםיָשָׁןoldoldיָשָׁןפִּתּוּחַengravingengravingפִּתּוּחַדָּלdoordoorדָּל
meets it a little oftener than chancemeets it far oftener than chancebuilt from the same roottwo words of the verse share ita word of this versea related word

Lexicons — every word in Isaiah 5:27

One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.

Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.

there not [is] a weary [one] and there not [is one who] stumbles among it not anyone will slumber and not anyone will sleep and not it has been opened [the] waistband of loins its and not it has been torn apart a thong of sandals its
אֵין־'ein- there not H369 Noun common · masculine singular construct
789× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word means nothing or not, often used to indicate the absence of something, as in Genesis 1:2 where the earth was without form. It emphasizes the idea of something lacking or non-existent.
Tyndale gloss
nothing
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אַ֫יִן (ayin) primarily means 'nothing' or 'nought' and serves as a negative particle indicating absence or negation, such as 'is not' or 'there is not.' It can also express lack of possession or existence. The word is derived from a root meaning to be non-existent, and it appears frequently in various grammatical constructions.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אַ֫יִן, אָ֑֫יִן cstr. אֵין subst. prop. nothing, nought

to nothing, as nothing

cstr. אֵין, very freq. as particle of negation, is not, are not, was not, were not

אֵין לְ׳, with subst., or pron., there is (was) not to … = … have, has, had, etc. not

in circumst. clauses

with inf. and ל׳, it is not to …

with prefixes

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H369 אַ֫יִן, אָ֑֫יִן cstr. אֵין subst. prop. nothing, nought . to nothing, as nothing

. cstr. אֵין, very freq. as particle of negation, is not, are not, was not, were not

. אֵין לְ׳, with subst., or pron., there is (was) not to … = … have, has, had, etc. not

. in circumst. clauses

. with inf. and ל׳, it is not to …

. with prefixes

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

369 'ayin ah'-yin

as if from a primitive root meaning to be nothing or not

exist; a non-entity; generally used as a negative

particle:--else, except, fail, (father-)less, be gone,

in(-curable), neither, never, no (where), none, nor, (any,

thing), not, nothing, to nought, past, un(-searchable),

well-nigh, without. Compare 370.

see HEBREW for 0370

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אַ֫יִן (a.yin) — nothing.

1) nothing, not, nought n

1a) nothing, nought neg

1b) not

1c) to have not (of possession) adv

1d) without w/prep

1e) for lack of

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Part — Noun common · masculine singular construct
HNcmsc
there not [is] a weary [one] and there not [is one who] stumbles among it not anyone will slumber and not anyone will sleep and not it has been opened [the] waistband of loins its and not it has been torn apart a thong of sandals its
עָיֵ֤ף'a.Yef [is] a weary [one] H5889 Adj
17× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the Bible, this word means feeling faint or exhausted, like being very thirsty or weary. It is used to describe someone who is drained of energy. This word appears in descriptions of people who are struggling.
Amplified meaning
exhausted or weakened
Tyndale gloss
faint
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

עָיֵף (ayeph) is an adjective meaning faint or weary. It is derived from the root word corresponding to H5888 and conveys a sense of exhaustion or languor. The entries consistently emphasize its meanings related to fatigue.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

עָיֵף adj. faint, weary

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5889 עָיֵף faint, weary

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5889 `ayeph aw-yafe'

from 5888; languid:--faint, thirsty, weary.

see HEBREW for 05888

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

עָיֵף (a.yeph) — faint.

faint, exhausted, weary

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Adj — Adj
HAamsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

wun.

See NUMBER.

there not [is] a weary [one] and there not [is one who] stumbles among it not anyone will slumber and not anyone will sleep and not it has been opened [the] waistband of loins its and not it has been torn apart a thong of sandals its
וְאֵין־ve.'ein- and there not H369 Conjunction · noun common masculine singular construct
789× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word means nothing or not, often used to indicate the absence of something, as in Genesis 1:2 where the earth was without form. It emphasizes the idea of something lacking or non-existent.
Amplified meaning
to lose balance, falter
Tyndale gloss
nothing
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אַ֫יִן (ayin) primarily means 'nothing' or 'nought' and serves as a negative particle indicating absence or negation, such as 'is not' or 'there is not.' It can also express lack of possession or existence. The word is derived from a root meaning to be non-existent, and it appears frequently in various grammatical constructions.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אַ֫יִן, אָ֑֫יִן cstr. אֵין subst. prop. nothing, nought

to nothing, as nothing

cstr. אֵין, very freq. as particle of negation, is not, are not, was not, were not

אֵין לְ׳, with subst., or pron., there is (was) not to … = … have, has, had, etc. not

in circumst. clauses

with inf. and ל׳, it is not to …

with prefixes

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H369 אַ֫יִן, אָ֑֫יִן cstr. אֵין subst. prop. nothing, nought . to nothing, as nothing

. cstr. אֵין, very freq. as particle of negation, is not, are not, was not, were not

. אֵין לְ׳, with subst., or pron., there is (was) not to … = … have, has, had, etc. not

. in circumst. clauses

. with inf. and ל׳, it is not to …

. with prefixes

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

369 'ayin ah'-yin

as if from a primitive root meaning to be nothing or not

exist; a non-entity; generally used as a negative

particle:--else, except, fail, (father-)less, be gone,

in(-curable), neither, never, no (where), none, nor, (any,

thing), not, nothing, to nought, past, un(-searchable),

well-nigh, without. Compare 370.

see HEBREW for 0370

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אַ֫יִן (a.yin) — nothing.

1) nothing, not, nought n

1a) nothing, nought neg

1b) not

1c) to have not (of possession) adv

1d) without w/prep

1e) for lack of

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | Part — Conjunction · noun common masculine singular construct
HC/Ncmsc
there not [is] a weary [one] and there not [is one who] stumbles among it not anyone will slumber and not anyone will sleep and not it has been opened [the] waistband of loins its and not it has been torn apart a thong of sandals its
כּוֹשֵׁל֙ko.Shel [is one who] stumbles H3782 Verb · Qal · participle (active) masculine singular
62× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
To stumble means to lose your balance and almost fall, often because of weakness. In the Bible, it can also mean to falter or fail spiritually. This word is used in many books, including Psalms and Proverbs.
Tyndale gloss
to stumble
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

כָּשַׁל (kashal) means to stumble or totter, often due to weakness. It can refer to physical stumbling, as well as metaphorical weakness or failure. The verb has various forms, including causing others to stumble or making them weak. The entries suggest a range of meanings from literal stumbling to broader implications of ruin and weakness.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

כָּשַׁל vb. stumble, stagger, totter

Qal

stumble at, over, something (lit. by means of)

totter

Niph.

stumble

be tottering, feeble

Pi. only apparent

Hiph.

cause to stumble

make feeble, weak

Hoph. either and let them be ones who have stumbled before thee, i.e. regard them as such, or and let them be ones overthrown before thee

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3782 כָּשַׁל stumble, stagger, totter .. stumble at, over, something (lit. by means of)

. totter

. . stumble

. be tottering, feeble

. only apparent

. . cause to stumble

. make feeble, weak

. either and let them be ones who have stumbled before thee, i.e. regard them as such, or and let them be ones overthrown before thee

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3782 kashal kaw-shal'

a primitive root; to totter or waver (through weakness of the

legs, especially the ankle); by implication, to falter,

stumble, faint or fall:--bereave (from the margin), cast down,

be decayed, (cause to) fail, (cause, make to) fall

(down, -ing), feeble, be (the) ruin(-ed, of), (be) overthrown,

(cause to) stumble, X utterly, be weak.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

כָּשַׁל (ka.shal) — to stumble.

1) to stumble, stagger, totter

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to stumble

1a2) to totter

1b) (Niphal)

1b1) to stumble

1b2) to be tottering, be feeble

1c) (Hiphil)

1c1) to cause to stumble, bring injury or ruin to, overthrow

1c2) to make feeble, make weak

1d) (Hophal) to be made to stumble

1e) (Piel) bereave

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal — Verb · Qal · participle (active) masculine singular
HVqrmsa
there not [is] a weary [one] and there not [is one who] stumbles among it not anyone will slumber and not anyone will sleep and not it has been opened [the] waistband of loins its and not it has been torn apart a thong of sandals its
בּ֔וֹbo among it H9033 Preposition · suffix
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

וֹ (o) — him.

Personal object pronoun - suffix for propositions and verbs without an object: 3rd person masculine singular

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HR/Sp3ms — Preposition · suffix
HR/Sp3ms
there not [is] a weary [one] and there not [is one who] stumbles among it not anyone will slumber and not anyone will sleep and not it has been opened [the] waistband of loins its and not it has been torn apart a thong of sandals its
לֹ֥אlo' not H3808 Particle
5,170× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for not or no is used to indicate absence or negation, as when God says no to the Israelites' requests, or when they disobey His commands.
Tyndale gloss
not
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

לֹא (lo') is a Hebrew word meaning 'not' or 'no.' It serves as a simple negation and can imply absence or prohibition. The word can also be used in various contexts, often combined with other particles for emphasis or clarification. Its Aramaic equivalent is לָא (la), which also means 'not.'

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

לֹא or לוֹא adv. not

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3808 לֹא or לוֹא not

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3808 lo' lo

or lowi {lo}; or loh (Deut. 3:11) {lo}; a primitive particle;

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often

used with other particles (as follows):--X before, + or else,

ere, + except, ig(-norant), much, less, nay, neither, never,

no((-ne), -r, (-thing)), (X as though...,(can-), for) not (out

of), of nought, otherwise, out of, + surely, + as truly as, +

of a truth, + verily, for want, + whether, without.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

לֹא (lo) — not.

1) not, no

1a) not (with verb-absolute prohibition)

1b) not (with modifier-negation)

1c) nothing (subst)

1d) without (with particle)

1e) before (of time)

Aramaic equivalent: la (לָא "not" H3809)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Part — Particle
HTn
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
there not [is] a weary [one] and there not [is one who] stumbles among it not anyone will slumber and not anyone will sleep and not it has been opened [the] waistband of loins its and not it has been torn apart a thong of sandals its
יָנ֖וּםya.Num anyone will slumber H5123 Verb · Qal · imperfect third person masculine singular
6× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This verb means to fall into a light sleep or doze, often due to drowsiness. It is used in the Bible to describe someone who is sleepy or resting. The KJV translates it as sleep or slumber.
Amplified meaning
in a state of drowsiness
Tyndale gloss
to slumber
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

נוּם (nuwm) is a primitive root meaning to slumber or be drowsy. The entries indicate that it encompasses the concepts of sleep and drowsiness, particularly in the Qal form. There are no significant disagreements among the lexicons regarding its meaning.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

נוּם vb. be drowsy, slumber

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5123 נוּם be drowsy, slumber

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5123 nuwm noom

a primitive root; to slumber (from drowsiness):--sleep,

slumber.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

נוּם (num) — to slumber.

1) to be drowsy, slumber, sleep

1a) (Qal) to slumber, be drowsy

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal-Imperf-3ms — Verb · Qal · imperfect third person masculine singular
HVqi3ms
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
there not [is] a weary [one] and there not [is one who] stumbles among it not anyone will slumber and not anyone will sleep and not it has been opened [the] waistband of loins its and not it has been torn apart a thong of sandals its
וְלֹ֣אve.Lo' and not H3808 Conjunction · particle
5,170× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for not or no is used to indicate absence or negation, as when God says no to the Israelites' requests, or when they disobey His commands.
Amplified meaning
in a deep state of unconsciousness
Tyndale gloss
not
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

לֹא (lo') is a Hebrew word meaning 'not' or 'no.' It serves as a simple negation and can imply absence or prohibition. The word can also be used in various contexts, often combined with other particles for emphasis or clarification. Its Aramaic equivalent is לָא (la), which also means 'not.'

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

לֹא or לוֹא adv. not

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3808 לֹא or לוֹא not

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3808 lo' lo

or lowi {lo}; or loh (Deut. 3:11) {lo}; a primitive particle;

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often

used with other particles (as follows):--X before, + or else,

ere, + except, ig(-norant), much, less, nay, neither, never,

no((-ne), -r, (-thing)), (X as though...,(can-), for) not (out

of), of nought, otherwise, out of, + surely, + as truly as, +

of a truth, + verily, for want, + whether, without.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

לֹא (lo) — not.

1) not, no

1a) not (with verb-absolute prohibition)

1b) not (with modifier-negation)

1c) nothing (subst)

1d) without (with particle)

1e) before (of time)

Aramaic equivalent: la (לָא "not" H3809)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | Part — Conjunction · particle
HC/Tn
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
there not [is] a weary [one] and there not [is one who] stumbles among it not anyone will slumber and not anyone will sleep and not it has been opened [the] waistband of loins its and not it has been torn apart a thong of sandals its
יִישָׁ֑ןyi.Shan anyone will sleep H3462 Verb · Qal · imperfect third person masculine singular
20× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Means to sleep or be lazy, it also implies growing old or stale, as seen in the story of David's mighty warriors in 2 Samuel 23:32. It can also mean to die or be in a deep sleep. This word is used to describe a state of inactivity.
Tyndale gloss
to sleep
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

יָשֵׁן (yashen) means to sleep or to go to sleep, with implications of becoming inactive or stationary. It can also refer to causing someone to sleep or enticing them to sleep. The word may suggest growing old or becoming stale, and it is associated with remaining long or being stored up.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[יָשֵׁן] vb. sleep

Qal sleep, go to sleep, and be sleep

Niph. only in deriv. sense of become inactive or stationary

Pi. causat. she made him sleep

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3462 יָשֵׁן sleep .sleep, go to sleep, and be sleep

. only in deriv. sense of become inactive or stationary

. causat. she made him sleep

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3462 yashen yaw-shane'

a primitive root; properly, to be slack or languid, i.e. (by

implication) sleep (figuratively, to die); also to grow old,

stale or inveterate: -old (store), remain long, (make to)

sleep.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

יָשֵׁן (ya.shen) — to sleep.

1) to sleep, be asleep

1a) (Qal) to sleep, go to sleep, be asleep

1b) (Niphal)

1b1) to remain a long time, be stored up

1b2) to be festering (of leprosy)

1c) (Piel) to cause to sleep, entice to sleep

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal-Imperf-3ms — Verb · Qal · imperfect third person masculine singular
HVqi3ms
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

slep: Represents many words in Hebrew and Greek. For the noun the most common are shenah, and hupnos; for the verb, yashen, shakhabh, and katheudo. The figurative uses for death (De 31:16, etc.) and sluggishness (Eph 5:14, etc.) are very obvious.

See DREAM.

Nave's Topical Bible

→ From God Ps 127:2

→ Of the sluggard (very lazy person) Pr 6:9,10

→ Of Jesus Mt 8:24; Mr 4:38; Lu 8:23

→ A symbol of death Job 14:12; Mt 9:24; Mr 5:39; Lu 8:52; Joh 11:11,12; 1Th 4:14

→ See DEATH

there not [is] a weary [one] and there not [is one who] stumbles among it not anyone will slumber and not anyone will sleep and not it has been opened [the] waistband of loins its and not it has been torn apart a thong of sandals its
וְלֹ֤אve.Lo' and not H3808 Conjunction · particle
5,170× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for not or no is used to indicate absence or negation, as when God says no to the Israelites' requests, or when they disobey His commands.
Amplified meaning
leather strap or cord
Tyndale gloss
not
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

לֹא (lo') is a Hebrew word meaning 'not' or 'no.' It serves as a simple negation and can imply absence or prohibition. The word can also be used in various contexts, often combined with other particles for emphasis or clarification. Its Aramaic equivalent is לָא (la), which also means 'not.'

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

לֹא or לוֹא adv. not

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3808 לֹא or לוֹא not

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3808 lo' lo

or lowi {lo}; or loh (Deut. 3:11) {lo}; a primitive particle;

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often

used with other particles (as follows):--X before, + or else,

ere, + except, ig(-norant), much, less, nay, neither, never,

no((-ne), -r, (-thing)), (X as though...,(can-), for) not (out

of), of nought, otherwise, out of, + surely, + as truly as, +

of a truth, + verily, for want, + whether, without.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

לֹא (lo) — not.

1) not, no

1a) not (with verb-absolute prohibition)

1b) not (with modifier-negation)

1c) nothing (subst)

1d) without (with particle)

1e) before (of time)

Aramaic equivalent: la (לָא "not" H3809)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | Part — Conjunction · particle
HC/Tn
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
there not [is] a weary [one] and there not [is one who] stumbles among it not anyone will slumber and not anyone will sleep and not it has been opened [the] waistband of loins its and not it has been torn apart a thong of sandals its
נִפְתַּח֙nif.Tach it has been opened H6605 Verb · Niphal · perfect third person masculine singular
144× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This verb means to engrave or carve, and is used in Exodus to describe the intricate carvings on the furniture of the tabernacle.
Amplified meaning
unfastened or loosened
Tyndale gloss
to open
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

פָּתַח (pathach) is a Hebrew verb meaning 'to open' and can refer to various actions such as opening doors, loosening restraints, or engraving. It has different forms, including Qal (to open), Niphal (to be opened), and Piel (to engrave). The entries highlight its literal and figurative uses, but there is some overlap in meaning regarding its applications in opening and engraving.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

פָּתַח vb. open

Qal open sack

Niph. be opened

Pi. be opened

free, i.e. ungird, camels

loosen (and remove) sack-cloth

open gates, doors

Hithp. loosen thee the fetters of thy neck

base

[פָּתַח] vb. Pi. engrave

Pu. stones engraved with the engravings of a signet.

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H6605a פָּתַח open .open sack

. be opened

. be opened . free, i.e. ungird, camels

. loosen (and remove) sack-cloth

. open gates, doors

. loosen thee the fetters of thy neck

H6605b פָּתַח Pi. engrave

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

6605 pathach paw-thakh'

a primitive root; to open wide (literally or figuratively);

specifically, to loosen, begin, plough, carve:--appear, break

forth, draw (out), let go free, (en-)grave(-n), loose (self),

(be, be set) open(-ing), put off, ungird, unstop, have vent.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

פָּתַח (pa.tach) — to open.

1) to open

1a) (Qal) to open

1b) (Niphal) to be opened, be let loose, be thrown open

1c) (Piel)

1c1) to free

1c2) to loosen

1c3) to open, open oneself

1d) (Hithpael) to loose oneself

Aramaic equivalent: pe.tach (פְּתַח "to open" H6606)

פָּתַח (pa.tach) — to engrave.

1) to carve, engrave

1a) (Piel) to engrave

1b) (Pual) to be engraved

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Niphal-Perf-3ms — Verb · Niphal · perfect third person masculine singular
HVNp3ms
there not [is] a weary [one] and there not [is one who] stumbles among it not anyone will slumber and not anyone will sleep and not it has been opened [the] waistband of loins its and not it has been torn apart a thong of sandals its
אֵז֣וֹר'e.Zor [the] waistband of H232 Noun common · masculine singular construct
14× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
A girdle or belt, often used figuratively to represent God's power or faithfulness, such as in the prophet Isaiah's description of God's strength. It can also refer to a physical waistband or sash.
Tyndale gloss
girdle
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אֵזוֹר (ezowr) refers to a waistcloth or girdle, an article of clothing that is tied around the waist. It can symbolize God's power over kings and faithfulness in a metaphorical sense. The word is derived from a root meaning 'to gird' and covers both literal and figurative uses.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אֵזוֹר n.m. waistcloth

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H232 אֵזוֹר waistcloth

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

232 'ezowr ay-zore'

from 246; something girt; a belt, also a band:--girdle.

see HEBREW for 0246

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אֵזוֹר (e.zor) — girdle.

1) waist-cloth, the innermost piece of clothing

1a) of God's power over kings (fig.)

1b) of faithfulness (metaph)

2) waistband

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular construct
HNcmsc
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ov:

(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.

English usagewhat the translators’ English meant
Webster's Dictionary (1828), Webster's Unabridged (1913), Webster's Dictionary (1806)

OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]

1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.

I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.

For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.

It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.

Lamentations 3:1.

The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.

Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.

That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.

Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…

there not [is] a weary [one] and there not [is one who] stumbles among it not anyone will slumber and not anyone will sleep and not it has been opened [the] waistband of loins its and not it has been torn apart a thong of sandals its
חֲלָצָ֔יוcha.la.Tzav loins its H2504 Noun common feminine dual construct · suffix
10× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the Bible, 'loins' refers to the seat of vigor and strength, like in Genesis where it describes a woman's travail. It represents the source of power and energy.
Tyndale gloss
loin
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

חָלָץ (chalats) refers to the loins, specifically in the dual form, indicating a focus on this area as the seat of strength, virility, and pain, particularly in the context of childbirth. The term is associated with physical vigor and is noted for its use in describing the loins as girded.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[חָלָץ] n.[f.] only dual, loins

as seat of virility

as girded

as seat of pains, like a woman in travail

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H2504 [חָלָץ] only dual, loins

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

2504 chalats khaw-lawts'

from 2502 (in the sense of strength); only in the dual; the

loins (as the seat of vigor):--loins, reins.

see HEBREW for 02502

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

חָלָץ (cha.lats) — loin.

1) loins

1a) as seat of virility

1b) as girded

1c) as seat of pain (woman's travail)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HNcfdc/Sp3ms — Noun common feminine dual construct · suffix
HNcfdc/Sp3ms
there not [is] a weary [one] and there not [is one who] stumbles among it not anyone will slumber and not anyone will sleep and not it has been opened [the] waistband of loins its and not it has been torn apart a thong of sandals its
וְלֹ֥אve.Lo' and not H3808 Conjunction · particle
5,170× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for not or no is used to indicate absence or negation, as when God says no to the Israelites' requests, or when they disobey His commands.
Amplified meaning
strap or lace
Tyndale gloss
not
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

לֹא (lo') is a Hebrew word meaning 'not' or 'no.' It serves as a simple negation and can imply absence or prohibition. The word can also be used in various contexts, often combined with other particles for emphasis or clarification. Its Aramaic equivalent is לָא (la), which also means 'not.'

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

לֹא or לוֹא adv. not

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3808 לֹא or לוֹא not

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3808 lo' lo

or lowi {lo}; or loh (Deut. 3:11) {lo}; a primitive particle;

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often

used with other particles (as follows):--X before, + or else,

ere, + except, ig(-norant), much, less, nay, neither, never,

no((-ne), -r, (-thing)), (X as though...,(can-), for) not (out

of), of nought, otherwise, out of, + surely, + as truly as, +

of a truth, + verily, for want, + whether, without.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

לֹא (lo) — not.

1) not, no

1a) not (with verb-absolute prohibition)

1b) not (with modifier-negation)

1c) nothing (subst)

1d) without (with particle)

1e) before (of time)

Aramaic equivalent: la (לָא "not" H3809)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | Part — Conjunction · particle
HC/Tn
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
there not [is] a weary [one] and there not [is one who] stumbles among it not anyone will slumber and not anyone will sleep and not it has been opened [the] waistband of loins its and not it has been torn apart a thong of sandals its
נִתַּ֖קni.Tak it has been torn apart H5423 Verb · Niphal · perfect third person masculine singular
27× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
To tear or pull something away from something else, like pulling a plant out of the ground or separating two things, is what this word means, and it can also describe being separated or torn apart.
Amplified meaning
torn or broken, ripped apart
Tyndale gloss
to tear
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

נָתַק (nathaq) is a Hebrew verb meaning to pull, draw, or tear away. It encompasses various actions such as breaking, lifting, and rooting out, with different nuances in its grammatical forms, including Qal, Niphal, Piel, Hiphil, and Hophal. The entries indicate that it can refer to both active and passive forms of tearing or drawing away.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[נָתַק] vb. pull, draw, tear away, apart, off

Qal

draw away

draw or pull off

pull, tear away

Niph.

be drawn away

be torn apart, or in two, snapped

be separated

Pi.

tear apart, snap

tear out, up

Hiph.

draw away

drag them away

Hoph. they were drawn away from the city

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5423 נָתַק pull, draw, tear away, apart, off

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5423 nathaq naw-thak'

a primitive root; to tear off:--break (off), burst, draw

(away), lift up, pluck (away, off), pull (out), root out.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

נָתַק (na.taq) — to tear.

1) to pull or tear or draw off or away or apart, draw out, pluck up, break, lift, root out

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to draw away

1a2) to draw or pull off

1a3) to pull or tear away

1b) (Niphal)

1b1) to be drawn away, be drawn out

1b2) to be torn apart or in two, be snapped

1b3) to be separated

1c) (Piel)

1c1) to tear apart, snap

1c2) to tear out, tear up, tear away

1d) (Hiphil)

1d1) to draw away

1d2) to drag away

1e) (Hophal) to be drawn away

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Niphal-Perf-3ms — Verb · Niphal · perfect third person masculine singular
HVNp3ms
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

a-part' (badh, "separation," i.e. alone, by oneself; niddah, "uncleanness" i.e. something put away: "an abomination"): In Zec 12:12-14 the former word is used eleven times with powerful effect to indicate the separation of families and the isolation of wives through excessive grief in Jerusalem on account of the slain Messiah. The latter word signifies removal from ceremonial uncleanness (Le 15:19; 18:19; Eze 22:10). In Greek, kat' idian, "by themselves," of marked significance as expressing Christ's desire for privacy in prayer, alone or with His disciples; either in a desert (Mt 14:13); a mountain (Mt 14:23); or a…

there not [is] a weary [one] and there not [is one who] stumbles among it not anyone will slumber and not anyone will sleep and not it has been opened [the] waistband of loins its and not it has been torn apart a thong of sandals its
שְׂר֥וֹךְse.Rokh a thong of H8288 Noun common · masculine singular construct
2× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
A thong is a lace or tie, like a sandal strap.
Tyndale gloss
thong
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word שְׂרוֹךְ (*srowk*) refers to a sandal thong or latchet, indicating a type of tie or lace used in footwear. It is derived from a root meaning to tie or lace, and is consistently defined across entries as related to sandals.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[שְׂרוֹךְ] n.[m.] (sandal-)thong

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H8288 שְׂרוֹךְ sandal-thong

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

8288 srowk ser-oke'

from 8308; a thong (as laced or tied):--((shoe-)) latchet.

see HEBREW for 08308

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

שְׂרוֹךְ (se.rokh) — thong.

sandal thong

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular construct
HNcmsc
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ov:

(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.

English usagewhat the translators’ English meant
Webster's Dictionary (1828), Webster's Unabridged (1913), Webster's Dictionary (1806)

OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]

1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.

I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.

For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.

It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.

Lamentations 3:1.

The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.

Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.

That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.

Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…

there not [is] a weary [one] and there not [is one who] stumbles among it not anyone will slumber and not anyone will sleep and not it has been opened [the] waistband of loins its and not it has been torn apart a thong of sandals its
נְעָלָֽיו׃ne.'a.Lav sandals its H5275 Noun common masculine plural construct · suffix
22× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
A sandal or shoe in biblical times, as mentioned in Exodus 12:11 and Deuteronomy 25:9. It was a symbol of ownership or marriage, and removing a sandal could signify refusal or separation, as seen in Ruth 4:7-8.
Tyndale gloss
sandal
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

נַ֫עַל (na`al) refers to a sandal or shoe, derived from a root meaning related to a sandal tongue. The term can also symbolize occupancy, a refusal to marry, or something of little value. It appears in contexts discussing footwear, as noted in the Brown-Driver-Briggs and Strong's entries.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

נַ֫עַל n.f. sandal, shoe

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5275 נַ֫עַל sandal, shoe

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5275 na`al nah'-al

or (feminine) na;alah {nah-al-aw'}; from 5274; properly, a

sandal tongue; by extens. a sandal or slipper (sometimes as a

symbol of occupancy, a refusal to marry, or of something

valueless):--dryshod, (pair of) shoe((-latchet), -s).

see HEBREW for 05274

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

נַ֫עַל (na.al) — sandal.

sandal, shoe

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-fp | Suff — Noun common masculine plural construct · suffix
HNcmpc/Sp3ms
Sources on this page. Lexicons and dictionaries imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate Liddell-Scott-Jones, Robinson and Packard, Webster and Cawdrey. Thayer’s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (Harper, 1889 — Grimm’s Wilke’s Clavis Novi Testamenti, translated, revised and enlarged by Joseph Henry Thayer) is public domain and is set here from the Internet Archive page scan greekenglishlex00grim; it is uncorrected OCR, marked as such on the entry itself, and the Strong’s numbers — which Thayer’s own edition does not carry — were matched by lemma against the other modules on this page. Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament (Macmillan, 1880) and Moulton and Milligan’s Vocabulary of the Greek Testament (Hodder & Stoughton, 1930, which entered the United States public domain on 1 January 2026) are set from Internet Archive page scans synonymsofnewtes00treniala and vocabularyofgree00mouluoft, and are likewise uncorrected OCR matched to Strong’s numbers by lemma. Trench treats a group of words at once, so the same essay stands on the page of each word it compares. The Mounce Concise Greek-English Dictionary is © 1993 and is used here by permission for non-commercial use, www.teknia.com/greek-dictionary. The full Liddell-Scott-Jones and the Hebrew word data (TAHOT) come from STEPBible.org, CC BY 4.0. Brown-Driver-Briggs is the OpenScriptures digitisation, public domain. Syntax analysis is the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (biblicalhumanities.org); the concordance and morphology are built from the tagged Nestle 1904 text. Septuagint occurrences use the Open Scriptures Septuagint lemma index, derived from CCAT (University of Pennsylvania) and the Rahlfs 1935 dataset by Eliran Wong, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — used here on a non-commercial ministry site. Greek of Josephus and Barnabas from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA 4.0. Commentaries and the Ante-Nicene Fathers are public-domain texts hosted on this site. Everyday Greek from the Duke Databank of Documentary Papyri, CC BY 3.0, with dates and provenance from the Heidelberger Gesamtverzeichnis. Philo and the Apostolic Fathers from Open Greek and Latin (First1KGreek), CC BY-SA 4.0. The apparatus and the fifth Greek column are the SBL Greek New Testament, © 2010 SBL and Logos Bible Software, CC BY 4.0. The Latin is the Clementine Vulgate (public domain); the Syriac New Testament is the ETCBC edition (MIT licence). The Hebrew behind the Greek is computed here from the Septuagint index and TAHOT, not taken from any aligned edition. The translation spread and the per-word edition marks come from the Translators Amalgamated Greek NT (STEPBible, CC BY 4.0); clause roles from the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (CC BY-SA 4.0); place identifications and their confidence from OpenBible.info Bible Geocoding (CC BY 4.0), with map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Gospel parallels are computed here from shared uncommon vocabulary, not taken from any printed harmony. Cross references are the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge and the subject headings are Nave’s Topical Bible, both public domain. Works under Creative Commons licences are used unchanged apart from markup removal.

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