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Isaiah 15:6 — Word Study

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WLCכִּֽי־ מֵ֥י נִמְרִ֖ים מְשַׁמּ֣וֹת יִֽהְי֑וּ כִּֽי־ יָבֵ֤שׁ חָצִיר֙ כָּ֣לָה דֶ֔שֶׁא יֶ֖רֶק לֹ֥א הָיָֽה׃

BSAThe watersmayim of NimrimNimrîym [a place of pure streams] arehâyâh dried upmᵉshammâh [desolate, withered away] [and] the grasschâtsîyr [herb, tender growth] is witheredyâbêsh [failed, burned up] the vegetationdesheʼ [green thing, new growth] is gonekâlâh [finished, consumed] [and] the greeneryyereq [green, lush plants] ishâyâh no morelôʼ [does not exist, has perished]

Word
Listen & take awayIsaiah 15
English ↓ Download MP3 The Berean Standard Bible chapter audio already hosted for the site's Bible section — verse 6 is in this chapter.
Hebrew ↓ Download MP3 The Masoretic text of this chapter, read aloud. Read by Abraham Shmuelof, courtesy of Audio Scriptures International. Chapter divisions by the Academy of Ancient Languages..
Say the word Each Hebrew word carries its transliteration (ha.Yah) — no per-word recordings of the Hebrew exist to link to.
Take it away
Isaiah 15:6quick helps
In a sentenceIsaiah describes the desolation of Moab, highlighting the drying up of its waters and the withering of its vegetation.
Who is speakingThe prophet Isaiah, lamenting over Moab's fate.
Where we areThis verse is part of a prophecy concerning the judgment on Moab.
The hard wordמְשַׁמָּה
Take awayThe land is in a state of devastation, with life and growth completely absent.
8 commentators on this verse Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them › clause subjectחָצִיר verbהָיָה The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
How rare are these words?in the Old Testament

Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.

Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.

Deep Study — Isaiah 15:6

Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.

Context — The Judgment on Moabgenerated

5My heart cries out over Moab; her fugitives flee as far as Zoar, as far as Eglath-shelishiyah. With weeping they ascend the slope of Luhith; they lament their destruction on the road to Horonaim.
6The waters of Nimrim are dried up, and the grass is withered; the vegetation is gone, and the greenery is no more.
7So they carry their wealth and belongings over the Brook of the Willows.
8For their outcry echoes to the border of Moab. Their wailing reaches Eglaim; it is heard in Beer-elim.

Isaiah 15:6 reveals the dire state of Moab, where the waters of Nimrim have dried up, leading to the withering of grass and the loss of all vegetation. This imagery underscores the devastation that has befallen the land, as the prophet Isaiah mourns the fate of Moab and its people, reflecting a broader theme of judgment found throughout the book of Isaiah.


Cross References

ReferenceText (BSB)
1Numbers 32:3–36“Ataroth, Dibon, Jazer, Nimrah, Heshbon, Elealeh, Sebam, Nebo, and Beon,
2Joshua 13:27and in the valley, Beth-haram, Beth-nimrah, Succoth, and Zaphon, with the rest of the kingdom of Sihon king of Heshbon (the territory on the east side of the Jordan up to the edge of the Sea of Chinnereth ).
3Isaiah 16:9–10So I weep with Jazer for the vines of Sibmah; I drench Heshbon and Elealeh with my tears. Triumphant shouts have fallen silent over your summer fruit and your harvest.
4Joel 1:10–12The field is ruined; the land mourns. For the grain is destroyed, the new wine is dried up, and the oil fails.
5Habakkuk 3:17–18Though the fig tree does not bud and no fruit is on the vines, though the olive crop fails and the fields produce no food, though the sheep are cut off from the fold and no cattle are in the stalls,

The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 6 references, hung on the phrase they belong to

Beth-nimrahJoshua 13:27

The Key Word מְשַׁמָּה, me.sha.Motgenerated

The word מְשַׁמָּה (meshammah) denotes a state of devastation or desolation. It is a feminine plural noun that conveys the sense of something being laid waste or rendered horrid. The root suggests a connection to astonishment and horror, indicating both physical destruction and emotional impact.

In this verse, it describes the desolate condition of the land, emphasizing the severity of the destruction that has occurred. The use of this word highlights the catastrophic effects of judgment on Moab, where not only are the waters dried up, but the very essence of life — the vegetation — has been consumed.


How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated

In the Berean Standard Bible, the verse uses wastes for מְשַׁמָּה, while the KJV opts for desolate.


Sentence Structuregenerated

The verse contains a series of clauses that describe the state of Moab, with the finite verb יִֽהְי֑וּ (they are) governing the overall statement. The structure emphasizes the progression from the dried-up waters to the withered grass and ultimately to the absence of greenery.

The sentence unfolds with a subject-verb-object arrangement, illustrating the cause-and-effect relationship of the desolation. The order stresses the severity of the situation, moving from the waters to the vegetation, culminating in the stark declaration of absence.


Septuagint Backgroundgenerated

The Septuagint translates מְשַׁמָּה as ἔρημον (erēmon), which conveys a sense of wilderness or desolation. This choice reflects a broader interpretation of the devastation that has occurred, emphasizing the complete barrenness of the land.

This rendering shows a widening of the original meaning, as it not only captures the physical state of destruction but also evokes the imagery of a forsaken place, enhancing the emotional weight of the prophecy.


In plain words — the whole versegenerated

Isaiah 15:6 describes how the waters of Nimrim have dried up, leading to the withering of grass and the loss of all vegetation. This reflects the devastation that has come upon Moab, illustrating the complete absence of life and growth in the land.


Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated

What does it mean that the waters of Nimrim are dried up?

This indicates a severe drought or destruction in the region, leading to the loss of a vital water source that sustains life.

Why is the grass and vegetation described as withered and gone?

This imagery emphasizes the total devastation of the land, highlighting how the judgment has affected not just water sources but also plant life.

What is the significance of the greenery being no more?

It symbolizes the complete barrenness of the land, indicating a state of desolation where life cannot thrive.

How does this verse reflect the broader themes in Isaiah?

It illustrates the consequences of judgment on nations, particularly Moab, and serves as a warning of the devastation that follows disobedience to God.


Reflection Questionsgenerated

  1. What are some examples of desolation or devastation that I see in the world today, similar to what Isaiah describes?
  2. How can I recognize areas in my life that may be spiritually dry or lacking growth?
  3. In what ways can I seek renewal and restoration in my own life, reflecting the opposite of the desolation described?
  4. How does understanding the consequences of judgment help me in my relationship with God?

The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it

Jerome comments on this verse, noting the barrenness of the waters of Nimrim and the implications of its desolation.

JeromeVerse 6 c. 347–420
For the waters of Nemrim will be deserted. This town is on the Dead Sea, with salty waters, and even this itself is barren. Whether it alludes to the name, or whether it happened after the devastation, that even the waters turned bitter.
Early Church Fathers on Isaiah 15 →

Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse

Each of these wrote on Isaiah 15:6 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.

John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

For the waters of Nimrim shall be desolate,.... Or dried up, through a great drought that should come upon the land at this time; or being defiled with the blood of the slain, as Jarchi: it may

Read John Gill on Isaiah 15 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary

For the waters of Nimrim shall be desolate: for the hay is withered away, the grass faileth, there is no green thing.

Read Robert Jamieson on Isaiah 15 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy Bible

The waters; either, 1. Properly, they shall be dried up; or, 2. Figuratively, the waterish grounds, as waters seem to be taken, . These being very fruitful, are commonly most inhabited and cultivated; but now they also, and much more the dry and barren grounds, shall be desolate, and without inhabitant. There is no green thing, by the just and special judgment of God. Thus God and man conspire together to destroy them.

Read Matthew Poole on Isaiah 15 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

Isaiah 15:6 For the waters of Nimrim shall be desolate: for the hay is withered away, the grass faileth, there is no green thing.Ver. 6. For the waters of Nimrim shall be desolate.] What these waters of Nimrim were it doth not appear. Jerome saith that Nimrim is a town near the Dead Sea, where the waters are salt, and the country about it barren; so should the land of Moab now be forlorn and fruitless.

Read John Trapp on Isaiah 15 →
Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(6) The waters of Nimrim . . .—These also appear in Jeremiah 48:34. They were probably a reservoir from which the fields were irrigated so as to be conspicuous for their verdure Eusebius (Onomast.) places it north of Zoar. The name appears to survive in the Wady en Nemeirah on the south-eastern shore of the Dead Sea (De Saulcy, Voyage, i. 284; Tristram, Land of Israel, 340). Beth-Nimrah appears as the name of a town in Numbers 32:36). The desolation predicted was probably thought of as caused by the stoppage of the wells, one of the common acts of an invading army (2 Kings 3:25).

Read Charles John Ellicott on Isaiah 15 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

6. (Jeremiah 48:34) the waters of Nimrim are generally supposed to be connected with Beth-nimrah (Numbers 32:36), now Tell-nimrin, on the Wadi Shaib, flowing into the Jordan about 8 miles from its mouth. A place in the south of Moab would perhaps suit the context better, and explorers have found a Wadi Numeirah running into the Dead Sea a little south of Kerak. Eusebius also (Onomast.) says that the place was known in his day under the name Βηνναμαρείμ (= the Heb. mκ Nimrξm, “waters of N.”), and lay to the N. of Zoar. On the stopping of the waters by an enemy, see 2 Kings 3:25. hay … grass] Better: grass … tender grass (R.V.).

Read Cambridge on Isaiah 15 →
Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the Bible

For the waters of Nimrim - It is supposed by some that the prophet here states the cause why the Moabites would flee to the cities of the south, to wit, that the “waters” of the northern cities would

Read Albert Barnes on Isaiah 15 →
Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible

6. Nimrim — For “Nimrim” see Numbers 31:35-36, and Joshua 12:27, whose indications are that this was a well-watered valley. Tristram, with some hesitation, locates it at the southeast end of the Dead Sea.

Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Isaiah 15 →

The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company

Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.

Modern formal

BSBBerean Standard Bible2020

The waters of Nimrim are dried up, and the grass is withered; the vegetation is gone, and the greenery is no more.

WEBWorld English Bible2000

For the waters of Nimrim will be desolate; for the grass has withered away, the tender grass fails, there is no green thing.

MSBMajority Standard Bible2022

The waters of Nimrim are dried up, and the grass is withered; the vegetation is gone, and the greenery is no more.

NETBNew English Translation2006

For the waters of Nimrim are gone; the grass is dried up, the vegetation has disappeared, and there are no plants.

Tyndale line

KJVKing James Version1611

For the waters of Nimrim shall be desolate: for the hay is withered away, the grass faileth, there is no green thing.

ASVAmerican Standard Version1901

For the waters of Nimrim shall be desolate; for the grass is withered away, the tender grass faileth, there is no green thing.

RVARevised Version, American1894

For the waters of Nimrim shall be desolate: for the grass is withered away, the tender grass faileth, there is no green thing.

NWBWebster's Bible1833

For the waters of Nimrim shall be desolate: for the herb is withered away, the grass faileth, there is no green thing.

GNVGeneva Bible1599

For the waters of Nimrim shall be dried vp: therefore the grasse is withered, the herbes consumed, and there was no greene herbe.

Strictly literal

DBYDarby Translation1890

For the waters of Nimrim shall be desolate; for the herbage is withered away, the grass hath failed, there is no green thing.

YLTYoung's Literal Translation1862

For, the waters of Nimrim are desolations, For, withered hath been the hay, Finished hath been the tender grass, A green thing there hath not been.

LSVLiteral Standard Version2020

For the waters of Nimrim are desolations, || For the hay has been withered, || The tender grass has been finished, || There has not been a green thing.

ILTInterlinear Literal Translation2000

For the waters of Nimrim shall be desolate; for dry is the grass, gone are the herbs, and green things are no more.

ULBUnlocked Literal Bible2017

The waters of Nimrim are a desolation; the grass is withered; the vegetation has dried up; there is no more green grass.

From the Latin

DRADouay-Rheims (Challoner)1899

For the waters of Nemrim shall be desolate, for the grass is withered away, the spring is faded, all the greenness is perished.

Simplified

FBVFree Bible Version2020

The waters of Nimrim have all dried up. The grass is withered, all the vegetation has disappeared—nothing green is left.

BBEBible in Basic English1949

The waters of Nimrim will become dry: for the grass is burned up, the young grass is coming to an end, every green thing is dead.

Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.


The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank

This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.

כִּֽי(dm)clausenoun phrase · subjectמֵ֥יthe.watersנִמְרִ֖יםof.Nimrimobjectמְשַׁמּ֣וֹתwastesverbיִֽהְי֑וּthey.areכִּֽי(dm)clauseverbיָבֵ֤שׁit.has.dried.upsubjectחָצִיר֙grassclauseverbכָּ֣לָהit.has.wasted.awaysubjectדֶ֔שֶׁאfresh.grassclausesubjectיֶ֖רֶקgreeneryadverbialלֹ֥אnotverbהָיָֽהit.is

Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.


The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran

The Masoretic Text aligns closely with the Septuagint, with 11 of the 13 words matching. The Dead Sea Scrolls also support the MT, with the 1Qisaa scroll containing 13 words intact, while the 1Q8 scroll has some words supplied by an editor, indicating a consistent transmission of this verse.

Masoretic TextLeningrad Codex, c. AD 1008 — the text this page is built on

כִּֽי־ מֵ֥י נִמְרִ֖ים מְשַׁמּ֣וֹת יִֽהְי֑וּ כִּֽי־ יָבֵ֤שׁ חָצִיר֙ כָּ֣לָה דֶ֔שֶׁא יֶ֖רֶק לֹ֥א הָיָֽה׃

Septuagintthe Greek the translators chose, word by word
מֵ֥יὕδωρנִמְרִ֖יםνεμριμמְשַׁמּ֣וֹתἔρημονיִֽהְי֑וּἔσταιכִּֽי־καὶחָצִיר֙ξόρτοςכָּ֣לָהἐκλείψειדֶ֔שֶׁאξόρτοςיֶ֖רֶקξλωρὸςלֹ֥אοὐκהָיָֽה׃ἔσται

11 of the 13 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.

Dead Sea Scrolls — 1Qisaaa copy a thousand years older than the Leningrad Codex

כי מי נמרים משמות יהיו כי יבש חציר כלה דשא ירוק לוא אהיא

13 words on the leather.

Dead Sea Scrolls — 1Q8a copy a thousand years older than the Leningrad Codex

[כי] [מי] [נמרים] [משמות] יהיו כי יבש חציר כלה דשא [ירק] [לא] [היה]

6 words on the leather — 7 supplied entire by an editor.

Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.


The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with

This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.

Isaiah 15:6כִּיthatthatכִּימַי[the] water[the] waters ofמַינִמְרִיםNimrimNimrimנִמְרִיםמְשַׁמָּהwasteswastesמְשַׁמָּההָיָהthey arethey areהָיָהכִּיforforכִּייָבֵשׁit has drieit has dried upיָבֵשׁחָצִירgrassgrassחָצִירכָּלָהit has wastit has wasted aכָּלָהדֶּ֫שֶׁאvegetationvegetationדֶּ֫שֶׁאיֶ֫רֶקgreenerygreeneryיֶ֫רֶקלֹאnotnotלֹאהָיָהit isit isהָיָהשָׁמֵםbe desolatbe desolate: deשָׁמֵםהָוָאto fallto fallהָוָאדָּשָׁאto sproutto sproutדָּשָׁאיָרַקto spitto spitיָרַקנִמְרָהNimrahNimrahנִמְרָהבֵּיתof Jordan,of Jordan, in Gבֵּיתחָצִירabodeabodeחָצִיריָדַעto knowto knowיָדַעיָרָקherbherbיָרָקיֶ֫רֶקgreengreenיֶ֫רֶקרָחַץto wash: wto wash: washרָחַץשָׁתָהto drinkto drinkשָׁתָהנִמְרִיםNimrimNimrimנִמְרִיםשְׁמָמָהDesolateDesolateשְׁמָמָהחָרֵבto dryto dryחָרֵבקָצִירharvestharvestקָצִירחֵמָהragerageחֵמָהדֶּ֫שֶׁאgrassgrassדֶּ֫שֶׁא
meets it a little oftener than chancemeets it far oftener than chancebuilt from the same roottwo words of the verse share ita word of this versea related word

Lexicons — every word in Isaiah 15:6

One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.

Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.

that [the] waters of Nimrim wastes they are for it has dried up grass it has wasted away vegetation greenery not it is
כִּֽי־ki- that H3588 Particle
4,483× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
A conjunction used to show cause or connection, as in Genesis 2:23 where Adam says the woman is bone of his bone because she was taken out of him. It is often translated as 'for', 'because', or 'since'.
Tyndale gloss
for
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

כִּי (ki) is a conjunction primarily meaning 'that,' 'for,' or 'when.' It indicates causal relationships and can express conditions like 'if' or 'though.' The word is versatile, appearing in various contexts to convey certainty, exception, or concession. Notably, it can combine with other particles to modify its meaning, such as in the phrase כִּי אם־ (ki im), meaning 'that if.'

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

כִּי conj. that, for, when

that

Of time, when, of the past

elsewhere כִּי has a force approximating to if, though it usu. represents a case as more likely to occur than אִם

when or if, with a concessive force, i.e. though

Because, since

base

כִּי אם־

each part. retaining its independent force, and relating to a different clause:

that if

for if

(About 140 t.) the two particles being closely conjoined, and relating to the same clause—

limiting the prec. clause, except

the if being neglected, and treated as pleonastic, so that the clause is no longer a limitation of the preceding clause but a contradiction of it: but rather, but

after an oath, surely

base

כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3588a כִּי that, for, when . that

. . Of time, when, of the past

. elsewhere כִּי has a force approximating to if, though it usu. represents a case as more likely to occur than אִם

. when or if, with a concessive force, i.e. though

. Because, since

H3588b כִּי אם־ . each part. retaining its independent force, and relating to a different clause: . that if

. for if

. (About 140 t.) the two particles being closely conjoined, and relating to the same clause— . limiting the prec. clause, except

. the if being neglected, and treated as pleonastic, so that the clause is no longer a limitation of the preceding clause but a contradiction of it: but rather, but

. after an oath, surely

H3588c כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3588 kiy kee

a primitive particle (the full form of the prepositional

prefix) indicating causal relations of all kinds, antecedent

or consequent; (by implication) very widely used as a relative

conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by

other particles annexed:--and, + (forasmuch, inasmuch,

where-)as, assured(-ly), + but, certainly, doubtless, + else,

even, + except, for, how, (because, in, so, than) that, +

nevertheless, now, rightly, seeing, since, surely, then,

therefore, + (al- )though, + till, truly, + until, when,

whether, while, whom, yea, yet.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

כִּי (ki) — for.

1) that, for, because, when, as though, as, because that, but, then, certainly, except, surely, since

1a) that

1a1) yea, indeed

1b) when (of time)

1b1) when, if, though (with a concessive force)

1c) because, since (causal connection)

1d) but (after negative)

1e) that if, for if, indeed if, for though, but if

1f) but rather, but

1g) except that

1h) only, nevertheless

1i) surely

1j) that is

1k) but if

1l) for though

1m) forasmuch as, for therefore

כִּי [אם] (ki im) — that if: except.

1) except if

1a) but if

1b) even though

כִּי [עַל כֵּן] (ki [al ken]) — for as that: since.

1) that, for, because, when, as though, as, because that, but, then, certainly, except, surely, since

1a) that

1a1) yea, indeed

1b) when (of time)

1b1) when, if, though (with a concessive force)

1c) because, since (causal connection)

1d) but (after negative)

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HTc — Particle
HTc
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
that [the] waters of Nimrim wastes they are for it has dried up grass it has wasted away vegetation greenery not it is
מֵ֥יmei [the] waters of H4325 Noun common · masculine plural construct
581× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word means water, referring to a liquid or a source of refreshment. It appears in the Bible as a literal and figurative term, including references to wasting or urine. The word is used in various contexts, such as in Genesis and Leviticus.
Tyndale gloss
Water (Gate)
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

מַי (mayim) is a Hebrew word meaning 'water' and is used in the plural form. It encompasses various meanings, including literal water, urine, and metaphorical uses related to refreshment or danger. The entries indicate it is derived from a primitive noun and is primarily referenced in contexts involving water.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[מַי] 580 n.m. only pl. מַ֫יִם waters, water

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H4325 מַי only pl. מַ֫יִם waters, water

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

4325 mayim mah'-yim

dual of a primitive noun (but used in a singular sense);

water; figuratively, juice; by euphemism, urine, semen:--+

piss, wasting, water(-ing, (-course, -flood, -spring)).

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

מַי (ma.yim) — water.

1) water, waters

1a) water

1b) water of the feet, urine

1c) of danger, violence, transitory things, refreshment (fig.)

מַי (ma.yim) — Water (Gate).

This name means water, refreshment

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-mp — Noun common · masculine plural construct
HNcmpc
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ov:

(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.

English usagewhat the translators’ English meant
Webster's Dictionary (1828), Webster's Unabridged (1913), Webster's Dictionary (1806)

OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]

1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.

I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.

For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.

It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.

Lamentations 3:1.

The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.

Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.

That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.

Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…

that [the] waters of Nimrim wastes they are for it has dried up grass it has wasted away vegetation greenery not it is
נִמְרִ֖יםnim.Rim Nimrim H5249 Noun proper
2× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Nimrim refers to a place east of the Jordan, likely named for its pure or limpid stream. It is mentioned in the Bible as part of the territory of Moab. The name means clear water.
Amplified meaning
a place of pure streams
Tyndale gloss
Nimrim
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

נִמְרִים (nimriym) refers to a location in Moab, specifically a stream or brook known for its clear or pure waters. The term is a plural form derived from a related word meaning 'clear waters.' It appears in the context of geographical references in the Old Testament.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

נִמְרִים n.pr.loc. in Moab

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5249 נִמְרִים in Moab

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5249 Nimriym nim-reem'

plural of a masculine corresponding to 5247; clear waters;

Nimrim, a place East of the Jordan:--Nimrim. Compare 1039.

see HEBREW for 05247

see HEBREW for 01039

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

נִמְרִים (nim.rim) — Nimrim.

§ Nimrim = "limpid" or "pure"

a stream or brook in the territory of Moab

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-proper — Noun proper
HNpl
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

nim'-rim (me nimrim; Codex Vaticanus Nebrein; Codex Alexandrinus Ebrim (Jer 48:34); to hudor tes Nimreim (Isa 15:6)): The meaning appears to be "pure" or "wholesome water." The name occurs only in Isa 15:6 and Jer 48:34 in oracles against Moab. In each case it is mentioned in association with Zoar and Horonaim. It is therefore probably to be sought to the Southeast of the Dead Sea. Eusebius, Onomasticon, places a town, Bennamareim, to the Nimrim of Zoar, and identifies it with the Old Testament "Nimrim," as it seems, correctly. The name is still found in Wady Numeireh, opening on the sea at Burj Numeirah, Nimrim of Ghor es-Safiyeh. The waters of Nimrim may be sought either…

Smith's Bible Dictionary

(limpid, pure), The waters of, a stream or brook within the country of Moab, which is mentioned in the denunciations of that nation by Isaiah. (Isaiah 15:6) and Jeremiah. (Jeremiah 48:34) We should perhaps look for the site of Nimrim in Moab proper, i.e. on the southeastern shoulder of the Dead Sea.

American Tract Society Bible Dictionary

See BETH-NIMRAH.

Nave's Topical Bible

→ Waters on the borders of the tribe of Gad and the country of Moab Isa 15:6; Jer 48:34

that [the] waters of Nimrim wastes they are for it has dried up grass it has wasted away vegetation greenery not it is
מְשַׁמּ֣וֹתme.sha.Mot wastes H4923 Noun common · feminine plural absolute
7× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Meshamma refers to a state of devastation or horror, evoking a sense of astonishment and desolation, as seen in various KJV translations.
Amplified meaning
desolate, withered away
Tyndale gloss
devastation
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

מְשַׁמָּה (mshammah) refers to concepts of devastation and horror. It is built from the root associated with waste and amazement. The entries indicate that it can denote both physical desolation and emotional astonishment, highlighting its dual usage in contexts of destruction and fear.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

מְשַׁמָּה n.f. abs.

devastation, waste

horror

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H4923 מְשַׁמָּה abs. . devastation, waste

. horror

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

4923 mshammah mesh-am-maw'

from 8074; a waste or amazement:--astonishment, desolate.

see HEBREW for 08074

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

מְשַׁמָּה (me.sham.mah) — devastation.

1) devastation, horror

1a) devastation, waste

1b) horror

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-fp — Noun common · feminine plural absolute
HNcfpa
that [the] waters of Nimrim wastes they are for it has dried up grass it has wasted away vegetation greenery not it is
יִֽהְי֑וּyih.Yu they are H1961 Verb · Qal · imperfect third person masculine plural
3,562× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for to be means to exist or come into being. It is used to describe something that happens or comes to pass, like in Genesis where God creates the world.
Tyndale gloss
to be
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word הָיָה (hayah) is a primitive root meaning to exist or become, and it encompasses a range of meanings including to happen, occur, and come to pass. It is often used in narrative contexts, particularly in phrases like "and it came to pass." The word can also denote a state of being or existence, and it appears frequently in various forms throughout the Old Testament.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

הָיָה 3570 vb. fall out, come to pass, become, be

Qal

Fall out, happen

occur, take place, come about, come to pass

esp. & very oft., come about, come to pass

וַיְהִי and it came to pass that, most often (c. 292 t.)

rarely also Pf. c. וְ conj. וְהָיָה

less oft. וְהָיָה Pf. consec. and it shall come to pass, or frequentat. came to pass (repeatedly, etc.)

Come into being, become

abs., in lively narrative, arise, appear, come

sq. prep.

become

sq. pred. noun (to be viewed as implicit accus.)

sq. pred. adj.

become like

sq. pred. לְ pers.

sq. לְ pred.

oft. c. לְ pred. לְ pers.

with עַל and לְ

sts. c. לְ pers. only = became the property of, come into the possession of

Be (often with subbordinate idea of becoming)

exist, be in existence

abide, remain, continue

with word of locality, be in or at a place, be situated, stand, lie

as copula, joining subj. & pred.

Read the full entry →
Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1961 הָיָה fall out, come to pass, become, be .. . . Fall out, happen

. occur, take place, come about, come to pass

. esp. & very oft., come about, come to pass . . וַיְהִי and it came to pass that, most often (c. 292 t.)

. rarely also Pf. c. וְ conj. וְהָיָה

. less oft. וְהָיָה Pf. consec. and it shall come to pass, or frequentat. came to pass (repeatedly, etc.)

. Come into being, become . . abs., in lively narrative, arise, appear, come

. sq. prep.

. become . sq. pred. noun (to be viewed as implicit accus.)

. sq. pred. adj.

. become like

. sq. pred. + לְ pers.

. sq. לְ pred.

. oft. c. לְ pred. + לְ pers.

. with עַל and לְ

. sts. c. לְ pers. only = became the property of, come into the possession of

. Be (often with subbordinate idea of becoming) . exist, be in existence

. abide, remain, continue

Read the full entry →
Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1961 hayah haw-yaw

a primitive root (compare 1933); to exist, i.e. be or become,

come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or

auxiliary):--beacon, X altogether, be(-come), accomplished,

committed, like), break, cause, come (to pass), do, faint,

fall, + follow, happen, X have, last, pertain, quit

(one-)self, require, X use.

see HEBREW for 01933

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

הָיָה (ha.yah) — to be.

1) to be, become, come to pass, exist, happen, fall out

1a) (Qal)

1a1) ---

1a1a) to happen, fall out, occur, take place, come about, come to pass

1a1b) to come about, come to pass

1a2) to come into being, become

1a2a) to arise, appear, come

1a2b) to become

1a2b1) to become

1a2b2) to become like

1a2b3) to be instituted, be established

1a3) to be

1a3a) to exist, be in existence

1a3b) to abide, remain, continue (with word of place or time)

1a3c) to stand, lie, be in, be at, be situated (with word of locality)

1a3d) to accompany, be with

1b) (Niphal)

1b1) to occur, come to pass, be done, be brought about

1b2) to be done, be finished, be gone

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal-Imperf-3mp — Verb · Qal · imperfect third person masculine plural
HVqi3mp
that [the] waters of Nimrim wastes they are for it has dried up grass it has wasted away vegetation greenery not it is
כִּֽי־ki- for H3588 Particle
4,483× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
A conjunction used to show cause or connection, as in Genesis 2:23 where Adam says the woman is bone of his bone because she was taken out of him. It is often translated as 'for', 'because', or 'since'.
Tyndale gloss
for
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

כִּי (ki) is a conjunction primarily meaning 'that,' 'for,' or 'when.' It indicates causal relationships and can express conditions like 'if' or 'though.' The word is versatile, appearing in various contexts to convey certainty, exception, or concession. Notably, it can combine with other particles to modify its meaning, such as in the phrase כִּי אם־ (ki im), meaning 'that if.'

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

כִּי conj. that, for, when

that

Of time, when, of the past

elsewhere כִּי has a force approximating to if, though it usu. represents a case as more likely to occur than אִם

when or if, with a concessive force, i.e. though

Because, since

base

כִּי אם־

each part. retaining its independent force, and relating to a different clause:

that if

for if

(About 140 t.) the two particles being closely conjoined, and relating to the same clause—

limiting the prec. clause, except

the if being neglected, and treated as pleonastic, so that the clause is no longer a limitation of the preceding clause but a contradiction of it: but rather, but

after an oath, surely

base

כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3588a כִּי that, for, when . that

. . Of time, when, of the past

. elsewhere כִּי has a force approximating to if, though it usu. represents a case as more likely to occur than אִם

. when or if, with a concessive force, i.e. though

. Because, since

H3588b כִּי אם־ . each part. retaining its independent force, and relating to a different clause: . that if

. for if

. (About 140 t.) the two particles being closely conjoined, and relating to the same clause— . limiting the prec. clause, except

. the if being neglected, and treated as pleonastic, so that the clause is no longer a limitation of the preceding clause but a contradiction of it: but rather, but

. after an oath, surely

H3588c כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3588 kiy kee

a primitive particle (the full form of the prepositional

prefix) indicating causal relations of all kinds, antecedent

or consequent; (by implication) very widely used as a relative

conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by

other particles annexed:--and, + (forasmuch, inasmuch,

where-)as, assured(-ly), + but, certainly, doubtless, + else,

even, + except, for, how, (because, in, so, than) that, +

nevertheless, now, rightly, seeing, since, surely, then,

therefore, + (al- )though, + till, truly, + until, when,

whether, while, whom, yea, yet.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

כִּי (ki) — for.

1) that, for, because, when, as though, as, because that, but, then, certainly, except, surely, since

1a) that

1a1) yea, indeed

1b) when (of time)

1b1) when, if, though (with a concessive force)

1c) because, since (causal connection)

1d) but (after negative)

1e) that if, for if, indeed if, for though, but if

1f) but rather, but

1g) except that

1h) only, nevertheless

1i) surely

1j) that is

1k) but if

1l) for though

1m) forasmuch as, for therefore

כִּי [אם] (ki im) — that if: except.

1) except if

1a) but if

1b) even though

כִּי [עַל כֵּן] (ki [al ken]) — for as that: since.

1) that, for, because, when, as though, as, because that, but, then, certainly, except, surely, since

1a) that

1a1) yea, indeed

1b) when (of time)

1b1) when, if, though (with a concessive force)

1c) because, since (causal connection)

1d) but (after negative)

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HTc — Particle
HTc
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

for (ki (conjunction), le, from 'el (preposition), and various other words. In the New Testament also the words are various, chiefly gar, kai gar, hoti (conjunctions); anti apo eis dia (accusative), epi (dative and accusative), peri (genitive), pros (genitive and accusative), huper (genitive) (prepositions)): the English Revised Version and the American Standard Revised Version give in many cases more literal or more accurate renderings than those in the King James Version.

In the New Testament the most important preps. from a doctrinal point of view are anti, "face to face," "over against," "instead," "on behalf of," peri, "around," "about," "concerning," huper, "over," "on behalf of." The first has been claimed as stating the substitutionary nature of Christ's sacrifice as contrasted with huper and peri, more frequently used of it. But, although anti in the New Testament often means…

The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
that [the] waters of Nimrim wastes they are for it has dried up grass it has wasted away vegetation greenery not it is
יָבֵ֤שׁya.Vesh it has dried up H3001 Verb · Qal · perfect third person masculine singular
59× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means to wither or dry up, like a plant without water. It can also mean to be ashamed or disappointed. The Bible uses it to describe things that have lost their freshness or vitality.
Amplified meaning
failed, burned up
Tyndale gloss
to wither
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

יָבֵשׁ (yabesh) primarily means to be dry or to wither. It can refer to something that is dried up or lacking moisture, as well as the act of drying something out. The word has different forms, including Qal (to be dry), Piel (to make dry), and Hiphil (to dry up). It conveys a sense of desiccation or loss of vitality.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

יָבֵשׁ vb. be dry, dried up, withered

Qal

be dry, dried up without moisture

be dried up

Pi. make dry, dry up

Hiph. dry up, make dry

dry up water

make dry, wither

exhibit dryness

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3001 יָבֵשׁ be dry, dried up, withered

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3001 yabesh yaw-bashe'

a primitive root; to be ashamed, confused or disappointed;

also (as failing) to dry up (as water) or wither (as

herbage):--be ashamed, clean, be confounded, (make) dry (up),

(do) shame(-fully), X utterly, wither (away).

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

יָבֵשׁ (ya.vesh) — to wither.

1) to make dry, wither, be dry, become dry, be dried up, be withered

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to be dry, be dried up, be without moisture

1a2) to be dried up

1b) (Piel) to make dry, dry up

1c) (Hiphil)

1c1) to dry up, make dry

1c1a) to dry up (water)

1c1b) to make dry, wither

1c1c) to exhibit dryness

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal-Perf-3ms — Verb · Qal · perfect third person masculine singular
HVqp3ms
that [the] waters of Nimrim wastes they are for it has dried up grass it has wasted away vegetation greenery not it is
חָצִיר֙cha.Tzir grass H2682 Noun common · masculine singular absolute
21× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the Bible, this word can mean grass or a type of plant, like a leek. It appears in Numbers 5:18, describing a ritual involving holy water and a grain offering.
Amplified meaning
herb, tender growth
Tyndale gloss
grass
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

חָצִיר (chatsiyr) refers to green grass or herbage, and can also denote leeks. The entries highlight its association with the greenness of a courtyard and its use as food for animals. Additionally, it is noted as a symbol of things that perish quickly.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

חָצִיר n.m. green grass, herbage

grass, as food for animals;spec. of leeks

as type of what is quickly perishing

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H2682a חָצִיר green grass, herbage H2682b חָצִיר green grass, herbage

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

2682 chatsiyr khaw-tseer'

perhaps originally the same as 2681, from the greenness of a

courtyard; grass; also a leek (collectively):--grass, hay,

herb, leek.

see HEBREW for 02681

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

חָצִיר (cha.tsir) — grass.

1a) grass

1b) of the quickly perishing (fig.)

חָצִיר (cha.tsir) — leek.

grass, leek, green grass, herbage

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absolute
HNcmsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

gras:

(1) chatsir, from a root meaning "greenness"; compare Arabic Khudra, which includes grasses and green vegetables (1Ki 18:5; 2Ki 19:26; Job 40:15; Ps 104:14, etc.). Isa 15:6 is translated in the King James Version "have," the Revised Version (British and American) "grass"; Pr 27:25, English Versions of the Bible "hay," margin "Hebrew grass"; Nu 11:5 English Versions of the Bible translates "leeks." It is a term for herbage in general.

Easton's Bible Dictionary

Grass

(1.) Heb. hatsir, ripe grass fit for mowing (1 Kings 18:5; Job 40:15; Ps. 104:14). As the herbage rapidly fades under the scorching sun, it is used as an image of the brevity of human life (Isa. 40:6, 7; Ps. 90:5). In Num. 11:5 this word is rendered “leeks.”

(2.) Heb. deshe’, green grass (Gen. 1:11, 12; Isa. 66:14; Deut. 32:2). “The sickly and forced blades of grass which spring up on the flat…

American Tract Society Bible Dictionary

Sometimes means any green herbage, Isa 15:6, and sometimes the usual food of cattle, Ps 104:14. The quick growth of grass, its tenderness, and its rapid combustion when dry, have furnished the sacred writers with some of their most appropriate illustrations, Ps 90:5,6 92:7 103:15,16 Isa 40:6-8 51:12 Jas 1:10 1Pe 1:24. All sorts of grass and small shrubs are still used in Syria for fuel, on account of the scarcity of wood, Mt 6:28-30. Travelers in that country often see grass growing on the housetops, the roofs…

Nave's Topical Bible

→ Created on the third creative day Ge 1:11

→ Mown Ps 72:6

→ God's care of Mt 6:30; Lu 12:28

→ On roofs of houses Ps 129:6

→ FIGURATIVE Ps 90:5,6; Isa 40:6; 1Pe 1:24; Jas 1:10,11

that [the] waters of Nimrim wastes they are for it has dried up grass it has wasted away vegetation greenery not it is
כָּ֣לָהKa.lah it has wasted away H3615 Verb · Qal · perfect third person masculine singular
208× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means to finish or end something, like completing a task or using up a resource, as seen in Genesis 2:2 where God finished creating the heavens and earth.
Amplified meaning
finished, consumed
Tyndale gloss
to end: finish
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word כָּלָה (*kalah*) is a primitive root meaning to end or finish. It encompasses a range of meanings, including to complete, accomplish, perish, and destroy. The entries indicate various uses in both intransitive and transitive forms, covering actions like finishing a task or causing something to cease. Notably, it can also imply negative connotations, such as plotting or destruction.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

כָּלָה 204 vb. be complete, at an end, finished, accomplished, spent

Qal

be complete, at an end, of a period of time

be completed, finished, of a work

be accomplished, fulfilled

be idealy complete, be determined, always in a bad sense, plotted

be spent, used up (prop. come to an end), of water

waste away, be exhausted, fail

come to an end, vanish = perish, be destroyed

Pi.

complete, bring to an end, finish, a thing, task, work, etc.

complete a period of time

finish doing a thing

make an end, end

accomplish, fulfil, bring to pass

accomplish in thought, determine

put an end to, cause to cease

cause to fail, exhaust, use up, spend

destroy, sts. exterminate

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3615 כָּלָה be complete, at an end, finished, accomplished, spent .. . be complete, at an end, of a period of time

. be completed, finished, of a work

. be accomplished, fulfilled

. be idealy complete, be determined, always in a bad sense, plotted

. . be spent, used up (prop. come to an end), of water

. waste away, be exhausted, fail

. come to an end, vanish = perish, be destroyed

. . . complete, bring to an end, finish, a thing, task, work, etc.

. complete a period of time

. finish doing a thing

. make an end, end

. accomplish, fulfil, bring to pass

. accomplish in thought, determine

. . put an end to, cause to cease

. cause to fail, exhaust, use up, spend

. destroy, sts. exterminate

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3615 kalah kaw-law'

a primitive root; to end, whether intransitive (to cease, be

finished, perish) or transitived (to complete, prepare,

consume):--accomplish, cease, consume (away), determine,

destroy (utterly), be (when ... were) done, (be an) end (of),

expire, (cause to) fail, faint, finish, fulfil, X fully, X

have, leave (off), long, bring to pass, wholly reap, make

clean riddance, spend, quite take away, waste.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

כָּלָה (ka.lah) — to end: finish.

: finish

1) to accomplish, cease, consume, determine, end, fail, finish, be complete, be accomplished, be ended, be at an end, be finished, be spent

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to be complete, be at an end

1a2) to be completed, be finished

1a3) to be accomplished, be fulfilled

1a4) to be determined, be plotted (bad sense)

1a5) to be spent, be used up

1a6) to waste away, be exhausted, fail

1a7) to come to an end, vanish, perish, be destroyed

1b) (Piel)

1b1) to complete, bring to an end, finish

1b2) to complete (a period of time)

1b3) to finish (doing a thing)

1b4) to make an end, end

1b5) to accomplish, fulfil, bring to pass

1b6) to accomplish, determine (in thought)

1b7) to put an end to, cause to cease

1b8) to cause to fail, exhaust, use up, spend

1b9) to destroy, exterminate

1c) (Pual) to be finished, be ended, be completed

כָּלָה (ka.lah) — to end: destroy.

: destroy

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal-Perf-3ms — Verb · Qal · perfect third person masculine singular
HVqp3ms
that [the] waters of Nimrim wastes they are for it has dried up grass it has wasted away vegetation greenery not it is
דֶ֔שֶׁאDe.she' vegetation H1877 Noun common · masculine singular absolute
14× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Grass or new growth is what this word refers to, often used to describe the beauty of nature and God's creation. It can also mean tender shoots or green herbs.
Amplified meaning
green thing, new growth
Tyndale gloss
grass
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

דֶּ֫שֶׁא (deshe') refers to grass or green vegetation, derived from a root meaning 'to sprout.' It encompasses terms like tender grass and young herbs. The word is noted in various contexts, emphasizing its connection to fresh plant life.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

דֶּ֫שֶׁא n.m. grass

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1877 דֶּ֫שֶׁא grass

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1877 deshe' deh'-sheh

from 1876; a sprout; by analogy, grass:--(tender) grass,

green, (tender)herb.

see HEBREW for 01876

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

דֶּ֫שֶׁא (de.she) — grass.

grass, new grass, green herb, vegetation, young

Aramaic equivalent: de.te (דֶּ֫תֶא "grass" H1883)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absolute
HNcmsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
Nave's Topical Bible

→ Created on the third day Ge 1:11; 2:5

→ For food Ge 1:29,30

that [the] waters of Nimrim wastes they are for it has dried up grass it has wasted away vegetation greenery not it is
יֶ֖רֶקYe.rek greenery H3418 Noun common · masculine singular absolute
6× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word describes the green color of plants and vegetation, like grass and young crops. It symbolizes new life and growth, as seen in Genesis and Psalms.
Amplified meaning
green, lush plants
Tyndale gloss
green
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

יֶ֫רֶק (yereq) refers to the color green and encompasses concepts of greenness and vegetation. It is derived from a root meaning vacuity of color, indicating a yellowish green associated with young or sickly plants. The term concretely refers to grass or greenery.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

יֶ֫רֶק n.m. green, greenness

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3418 יֶ֫רֶק green, greenness

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3418 yereq yeh'-rek

from 3417 (in the sense of vacuity of color); properly,

pallor, i.e. hence, the yellowish green of young and sickly

vegetation; concretely, verdure, i.e. grass or

vegetation:--grass, green (thing).

see HEBREW for 03417

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

יֶ֫רֶק (ye.req) — green.

green, greenness, green plants, greenery

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absolute
HNcmsa
that [the] waters of Nimrim wastes they are for it has dried up grass it has wasted away vegetation greenery not it is
לֹ֥אlo' not H3808 Particle
5,170× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for not or no is used to indicate absence or negation, as when God says no to the Israelites' requests, or when they disobey His commands.
Amplified meaning
does not exist, has perished
Tyndale gloss
not
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

לֹא (lo') is a Hebrew word meaning 'not' or 'no.' It serves as a simple negation and can imply absence or prohibition. The word can also be used in various contexts, often combined with other particles for emphasis or clarification. Its Aramaic equivalent is לָא (la), which also means 'not.'

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

לֹא or לוֹא adv. not

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3808 לֹא or לוֹא not

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3808 lo' lo

or lowi {lo}; or loh (Deut. 3:11) {lo}; a primitive particle;

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often

used with other particles (as follows):--X before, + or else,

ere, + except, ig(-norant), much, less, nay, neither, never,

no((-ne), -r, (-thing)), (X as though...,(can-), for) not (out

of), of nought, otherwise, out of, + surely, + as truly as, +

of a truth, + verily, for want, + whether, without.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

לֹא (lo) — not.

1) not, no

1a) not (with verb-absolute prohibition)

1b) not (with modifier-negation)

1c) nothing (subst)

1d) without (with particle)

1e) before (of time)

Aramaic equivalent: la (לָא "not" H3809)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Part — Particle
HTn
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
that [the] waters of Nimrim wastes they are for it has dried up grass it has wasted away vegetation greenery not it is
הָיָֽה׃ha.Yah it is H1961 Verb · Qal · perfect third person masculine singular
3,562× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for to be means to exist or come into being. It is used to describe something that happens or comes to pass, like in Genesis where God creates the world.
Tyndale gloss
to be
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word הָיָה (hayah) is a primitive root meaning to exist or become, and it encompasses a range of meanings including to happen, occur, and come to pass. It is often used in narrative contexts, particularly in phrases like "and it came to pass." The word can also denote a state of being or existence, and it appears frequently in various forms throughout the Old Testament.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

הָיָה 3570 vb. fall out, come to pass, become, be

Qal

Fall out, happen

occur, take place, come about, come to pass

esp. & very oft., come about, come to pass

וַיְהִי and it came to pass that, most often (c. 292 t.)

rarely also Pf. c. וְ conj. וְהָיָה

less oft. וְהָיָה Pf. consec. and it shall come to pass, or frequentat. came to pass (repeatedly, etc.)

Come into being, become

abs., in lively narrative, arise, appear, come

sq. prep.

become

sq. pred. noun (to be viewed as implicit accus.)

sq. pred. adj.

become like

sq. pred. לְ pers.

sq. לְ pred.

oft. c. לְ pred. לְ pers.

with עַל and לְ

sts. c. לְ pers. only = became the property of, come into the possession of

Be (often with subbordinate idea of becoming)

exist, be in existence

abide, remain, continue

with word of locality, be in or at a place, be situated, stand, lie

as copula, joining subj. & pred.

Read the full entry →
Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1961 הָיָה fall out, come to pass, become, be .. . . Fall out, happen

. occur, take place, come about, come to pass

. esp. & very oft., come about, come to pass . . וַיְהִי and it came to pass that, most often (c. 292 t.)

. rarely also Pf. c. וְ conj. וְהָיָה

. less oft. וְהָיָה Pf. consec. and it shall come to pass, or frequentat. came to pass (repeatedly, etc.)

. Come into being, become . . abs., in lively narrative, arise, appear, come

. sq. prep.

. become . sq. pred. noun (to be viewed as implicit accus.)

. sq. pred. adj.

. become like

. sq. pred. + לְ pers.

. sq. לְ pred.

. oft. c. לְ pred. + לְ pers.

. with עַל and לְ

. sts. c. לְ pers. only = became the property of, come into the possession of

. Be (often with subbordinate idea of becoming) . exist, be in existence

. abide, remain, continue

Read the full entry →
Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1961 hayah haw-yaw

a primitive root (compare 1933); to exist, i.e. be or become,

come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or

auxiliary):--beacon, X altogether, be(-come), accomplished,

committed, like), break, cause, come (to pass), do, faint,

fall, + follow, happen, X have, last, pertain, quit

(one-)self, require, X use.

see HEBREW for 01933

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

הָיָה (ha.yah) — to be.

1) to be, become, come to pass, exist, happen, fall out

1a) (Qal)

1a1) ---

1a1a) to happen, fall out, occur, take place, come about, come to pass

1a1b) to come about, come to pass

1a2) to come into being, become

1a2a) to arise, appear, come

1a2b) to become

1a2b1) to become

1a2b2) to become like

1a2b3) to be instituted, be established

1a3) to be

1a3a) to exist, be in existence

1a3b) to abide, remain, continue (with word of place or time)

1a3c) to stand, lie, be in, be at, be situated (with word of locality)

1a3d) to accompany, be with

1b) (Niphal)

1b1) to occur, come to pass, be done, be brought about

1b2) to be done, be finished, be gone

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal-Perf-3ms — Verb · Qal · perfect third person masculine singular
HVqp3ms
Sources on this page. Lexicons and dictionaries imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate Liddell-Scott-Jones, Robinson and Packard, Webster and Cawdrey. Thayer’s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (Harper, 1889 — Grimm’s Wilke’s Clavis Novi Testamenti, translated, revised and enlarged by Joseph Henry Thayer) is public domain and is set here from the Internet Archive page scan greekenglishlex00grim; it is uncorrected OCR, marked as such on the entry itself, and the Strong’s numbers — which Thayer’s own edition does not carry — were matched by lemma against the other modules on this page. Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament (Macmillan, 1880) and Moulton and Milligan’s Vocabulary of the Greek Testament (Hodder & Stoughton, 1930, which entered the United States public domain on 1 January 2026) are set from Internet Archive page scans synonymsofnewtes00treniala and vocabularyofgree00mouluoft, and are likewise uncorrected OCR matched to Strong’s numbers by lemma. Trench treats a group of words at once, so the same essay stands on the page of each word it compares. The Mounce Concise Greek-English Dictionary is © 1993 and is used here by permission for non-commercial use, www.teknia.com/greek-dictionary. The full Liddell-Scott-Jones and the Hebrew word data (TAHOT) come from STEPBible.org, CC BY 4.0. Brown-Driver-Briggs is the OpenScriptures digitisation, public domain. Syntax analysis is the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (biblicalhumanities.org); the concordance and morphology are built from the tagged Nestle 1904 text. Septuagint occurrences use the Open Scriptures Septuagint lemma index, derived from CCAT (University of Pennsylvania) and the Rahlfs 1935 dataset by Eliran Wong, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — used here on a non-commercial ministry site. Greek of Josephus and Barnabas from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA 4.0. Commentaries and the Ante-Nicene Fathers are public-domain texts hosted on this site. Everyday Greek from the Duke Databank of Documentary Papyri, CC BY 3.0, with dates and provenance from the Heidelberger Gesamtverzeichnis. Philo and the Apostolic Fathers from Open Greek and Latin (First1KGreek), CC BY-SA 4.0. The apparatus and the fifth Greek column are the SBL Greek New Testament, © 2010 SBL and Logos Bible Software, CC BY 4.0. The Latin is the Clementine Vulgate (public domain); the Syriac New Testament is the ETCBC edition (MIT licence). The Hebrew behind the Greek is computed here from the Septuagint index and TAHOT, not taken from any aligned edition. The translation spread and the per-word edition marks come from the Translators Amalgamated Greek NT (STEPBible, CC BY 4.0); clause roles from the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (CC BY-SA 4.0); place identifications and their confidence from OpenBible.info Bible Geocoding (CC BY 4.0), with map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Gospel parallels are computed here from shared uncommon vocabulary, not taken from any printed harmony. Cross references are the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge and the subject headings are Nave’s Topical Bible, both public domain. Works under Creative Commons licences are used unchanged apart from markup removal.

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