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Habakkuk 3:17 — Word Study

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WLCכִּֽי־ תְאֵנָ֣ה לֹֽא־ תִפְרָ֗ח וְאֵ֤ין יְבוּל֙ בַּגְּפָנִ֔ים כִּחֵשׁ֙ מַעֲשֵׂה־ זַ֔יִת וּשְׁדֵמ֖וֹת לֹא־ עָ֣שָׂה אֹ֑כֶל גָּזַ֤ר מִמִּכְלָה֙ צֹ֔אן וְאֵ֥ין בָּקָ֖ר בָּרְפָתִֽים׃

BSAThoughkîy the fig treetᵉʼên [does not flourish, will not blossom] does notlôʼ budpârach [fail to sprout, will not produce] and noʼayin fruityᵉbûwl [grapes, produce] [is] on the vinesgephen [grapevines] though the olivezayith cropmaʻăseh [labor of the olive tree, olive harvest] failskâchash [will not produce, comes to nothing] and the fieldsshᵉdêmâh [cultivated land, pastures] produceʻâsâh nolôʼ foodʼôkel [yield no harvest, give no crops] though the sheeptsôʼn [flock, sheep and goats] are cut offgâzar [removed, severed] from the foldmiklâʼâh [pen, enclosure] and noʼayin cattlebâqâr [herd, domesticated animals] [are] in the stallsrepheth [stable, resting place]

Word
Listen & take awayHabakkuk 3
English ↓ Download MP3 The Berean Standard Bible chapter audio already hosted for the site's Bible section — verse 17 is in this chapter.
Hebrew ↓ Download MP3 The Masoretic text of this chapter, read aloud. Read by Abraham Shmuelof, courtesy of Audio Scriptures International. Chapter divisions by the Academy of Ancient Languages..
Say the word Each Hebrew word carries its transliteration (ba.re.fa.Tim) — no per-word recordings of the Hebrew exist to link to.
Take it away
Habakkuk 3:17quick helps
In a sentenceThe prophet Habakkuk describes a time of great agricultural failure and loss.
Who is speakingHabakkuk, expressing his lament over the dire situation.
Where we areThis verse is part of a poetic reflection on suffering and faith.
The hard wordכִּחֵשׁ
Take awayDespite the lack of resources, the speaker will still rejoice in God.
8 commentators on this verse Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them › clause subjectתְּאֵנָה verbפָּרַח The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
How rare are these words?in the Old Testament

1 of 20 occurs nowhere else in the Old Testament — a word chosen on purpose.

Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.

Deep Study — Habakkuk 3:17

Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.

Context — A Lament for Lossgenerated

16I heard and trembled within; my lips quivered at the sound. Decay entered my bones; I trembled where I stood. Yet I must wait patiently for the day of distress to come upon the people who invade us.
17Though the fig tree does not bud and no fruit is on the vines, though the olive crop fails and the fields produce no food, though the sheep are cut off from the fold and no cattle are in the stalls,
18yet I will exult in the LORD; I will rejoice in the God of my salvation!
19GOD the Lord is my strength; He makes my feet like those of a deer; He makes me walk upon the heights! For the choirmaster. With stringed instruments.

Habakkuk 3:17 reflects a profound sense of despair as the prophet lists various agricultural failures, symbolizing a broader loss of sustenance and security. The context reveals a community facing devastation, yet the prophet's response is one of unwavering faith, as he resolves to rejoice in God despite the circumstances. This theme resonates with other scriptural passages that explore the tension between hardship and faith, such as Psalm 42:11.


Cross References

ReferenceText (BSB)
1Deuteronomy 28:15–18If, however, you do not obey the LORD your God by carefully following all His commandments and statutes I am giving you today, all these curses will come upon you and overtake you:
2Jeremiah 14:2–8“Judah mourns and her gates languish. Her people wail for the land, and a cry goes up from Jerusalem.
3Joel 1:10–13The field is ruined; the land mourns. For the grain is destroyed, the new wine is dried up, and the oil fails.
4Amos 4:6–10“I beset all your cities with cleanness of teeth and all your towns with lack of bread, yet you did not return to Me,” declares the LORD.
5Haggai 2:16–17from that time, when one came expecting a heap of twenty ephahs of grain, there were but ten. When one came to the winepress to draw out fifty baths, there were but twenty.

The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 5 references, hung on the phrase they belong to


The Key Word כִּחֵשׁ, ki.Cheshgenerated

The verb כִּחֵשׁ (ki.Chesh) means 'to fail' or 'to deceive.' In this verse, it conveys the idea of agricultural yields coming to nothing, emphasizing disappointment in expected produce. The parsing indicates it is in the perfect aspect, third person masculine singular, suggesting a completed action.

This word captures the essence of loss in the agricultural context, where the olive crop is described as failing. The use of this verb highlights the severity of the situation, as it implies not just a lack of production but a sense of betrayal from the land that should provide sustenance.


How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated

This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.


Sentence Structuregenerated

The verse consists of a series of clauses, each beginning with the conjunction כִּי (ki), indicating a conditional or contrasting statement. The finite verb תִפְרָח (tif.Rach) governs the first clause, while subsequent clauses describe the failures in various agricultural aspects.

The structure emphasizes a cumulative effect of loss, with each item listed contributing to the overall theme of despair. The use of parallelism in the phrases reinforces the gravity of the situation faced by the community.


Septuagint Backgroundgenerated

In the Septuagint, the Hebrew כִּחֵשׁ is rendered as ψεύσεται, which means 'to deceive.' This choice broadens the implication of the Hebrew term, suggesting not only a failure of produce but also a sense of betrayal by the land.

The translation reflects an interpretive nuance, where the focus shifts from mere agricultural failure to a deeper sense of disappointment and unfulfilled expectations.


In plain words — the whole versegenerated

Habakkuk 3:17 describes a time when the fig tree does not bud, the vines produce no fruit, the olive crop fails, and there is no food from the fields. The sheep are cut off from the fold, and there are no cattle in the stalls. Despite these losses, the prophet resolves to rejoice in the Lord, highlighting a profound faith amidst despair.


Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated

What does it mean that the fig tree does not bud?

This indicates a complete lack of agricultural productivity, symbolizing a time of hardship and scarcity.

Why is the prophet still able to rejoice?

Despite the dire circumstances, the prophet's faith in God remains steadfast, demonstrating a belief in God's ultimate provision and salvation.

What agricultural symbols are used in this verse?

The verse references the fig tree, vines, olive crop, fields, sheep, and cattle, all of which represent essential resources for sustenance and livelihood in ancient Israel.

How does this verse connect to other parts of the Bible?

Similar themes of loss and faith can be found in other passages, such as Psalm 42:11, where the psalmist expresses hope in God despite despair.


Reflection Questionsgenerated

  1. How do I respond to situations of loss or disappointment in my life?
  2. What does it mean to rejoice in God during difficult times?
  3. In what ways can I find hope amidst despair, similar to Habakkuk?
  4. How do agricultural metaphors help us understand spiritual truths?

The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it

Early commentators like Jerome and Bede reflect on this verse, highlighting the themes of agricultural failure and the enduring faith of the believer.

JeromeVerse 17. c. 347–420
For the fig tree will not blossom, and there will be no fruit on the vines. The work of the olive tree will deceive, and the fields will not produce food. The flock will be cut off from the fold, and there will be no cattle in the stalls.
Early Church Fathers on Habakkuk 3 →
BedeCommentary on the Song of Habakkuk c. 673–735
For the fig tree will not bear fruit, and there will be no generation in the vineyards. The work of the olive will lie and the fields will not yield food. The sheep have failed from their food, and there will be no oxen in the stalls.
Early Church Fathers on Habakkuk 3 →

Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse

Each of these wrote on Habakkuk 3:17 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.

John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Although the fig tree shall not blossom,.... Or rather, as the Septuagint version, "shall not bring forth fruit"; since the fig tree does not bear blossoms and flowers, but puts forth green figs at once.

Read John Gill on Habakkuk 3 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary

Although the fig tree shall not blossom, neither shall fruit be in the vines; the labour of the olive shall fail, and the fields shall yield no meat; the flock shall be cut off from the fold, and

Read Robert Jamieson on Habakkuk 3 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy Bible

To war foreseen the prophet supposeth famine, and describeth the most grievous, as indeed it fell out. Although the fig tree, which was in that country a very considerable part of their provision to live upon, shall not blossom; not give the least sign of bringing forth fruit. Neither shall fruit be in the vines, which were also the riches and provision of those countries. The labour of the olive; either labour bestowed upon the olive, or the fruit which the olive brings forth, called here labour by an allusion to our labour. Shall fail; disappoint the expectation of both dresser and eater. The fields, ploughed and sown, shall yield no meat; corn for bread. The flock of sheep, kept out in…

Read Matthew Poole on Habakkuk 3 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

Habakkuk 3:17 Although the fig tree shall not blossom, neither [shall] fruit [be] in the vines; the labour of the olive shall fail, and the fields shall yield no meat; the flock shall be cut off from the fold, and [there shall be] no herd in the stalls:Ver. 17. Although the fig tree shall not blossom] Here the prophet showeth a well settled and a sedate mind indeed; that he had attained, and, by prayer, waded unto a blessed composedness and sabbath of spirit, such as the cock on the dunghill meddled not with, neither knoweth the worth of; it being the most precious and peerless jewel that ever the heart of man came acquainted with. It hath been before noted, that the prophet here taketh out…

Read John Trapp on Habakkuk 3 →
Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(17) Although.—Better, For. The conjunction connects this verse with what precedes, and explains Habakkuk’s affliction more fully. With the sword shall come famine, invasion as usual producing desolation.

Read Charles John Ellicott on Habakkuk 3 →
AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible

Verse 17. Although the fig tree shall not blossom] תפרח tiphrach, "shall not flourish," shall not put forth its young figs, for the fig tree does not blossom. The young figs appear as soon as the old ones are ripe, as I have often had occasion to observe. This verse most nervously paints the desolate state of the land of Judea during the captivity. In its hemistich form, it may be translated thus: - For the fig tree shall not flourish, And there shall be no fruit on the vines; The fruit of the olive shall fail, And the fields shall supply no food: The flocks shall be cut off from the fold, And no herds shall be found in the stalls: Yet in Jehovah will I exult; I will joy in the God of my…

Read AdamClarke on Habakkuk 3 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

17–19. It is not easy to say whether Habakkuk 3:17 contains a series of suppositions referring to what may happen in the future, or describes a condition of things actually existing. The latter way of reading the verse is the more natural. The verse does not suggest a condition of scarcity and barrenness arising from a hostile invasion of the land, but rather one due to the incidence of severe natural calamities. The word for, with which the verse begins, connects very loosely with the preceding Habakkuk 3:16. The mood of the speaker also in Habakkuk 3:18-19 is confident and jubilant, in strong contrast to the gloom and terror of Hab 3:16. It is possible that the poem originally ended with…

Read Cambridge on Habakkuk 3 →
Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the Bible

Although - literally, For The fig tree shall not blossom - The prophet repeats his confidence in God, premising his knowledge that all human hopes should fail.

Read Albert Barnes on Habakkuk 3 →

The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company

Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.

Modern formal

BSBBerean Standard Bible2020

Though the fig tree does not bud and no fruit is on the vines, though the olive crop fails and the fields produce no food, though the sheep are cut off from the fold and no cattle are in the stalls,

WEBWorld English Bible2000

For even though the fig tree doesn’t flourish, nor fruit be in the vines, the labor of the olive fails, the fields yield no food, the flocks are cut off from the fold, and there is no herd in the stalls,

MSBMajority Standard Bible2022

Though the fig tree does not bud and no fruit is on the vines, though the olive crop fails and the fields produce no food, though the sheep are cut off from the fold and no cattle are in the stalls,

NETBNew English Translation2006

When the fig tree does not bud, and there are no grapes on the vines; when the olive trees do not produce, and the fields yield no crops; when the sheep disappear from the pen, and there are no cattle in the stalls,

Tyndale line

KJVKing James Version1611

¶ Although the fig tree shall not blossom, neither shall fruit be in the vines; the labour of the olive shall fail, and the fields shall yield no meat; the flock shall be cut off from the fold, and there shall be no herd in the stalls:

ASVAmerican Standard Version1901

For though the fig-tree shall not flourish, Neither shall fruit be in the vines; The labor of the olive shall fail, And the fields shall yield no food; The flock shall be cut off from the fold, And there shall be no herd in the stalls:

RVARevised Version, American1894

For though the fig tree shall not blossom, neither shall fruit be in the vines; the labour of the olive shall fail, and the fields shall yield no meat; the flock shall be cut off from the fold, and there shall be no herd in the stalls:

NWBWebster's Bible1833

Although the fig-tree shall not blossom, neither shall fruit be in the vines; the labor of the olive shall fail, and the fields shall yield no food; the flock shall be cut off from the fold, and there shall be no herd in the stalls:

GNVGeneva Bible1599

For the figtree shall not flourish, neither shall fruite be in the vines: the labour of the oliue shall faile, and the fieldes shall yeelde no meate: the sheepe shalbe cut off from the folde, and there shalbe no bullocke in the stalles.

Strictly literal

DBYDarby Translation1890

For though the fig-tree shall not blossom, Neither shall fruit be in the vines; The labour of the olive-tree shall fail, And the fields shall yield no food; The flock shall be cut off from the fold, And there shall be no herd in the stalls:

YLTYoung's Literal Translation1862

Though the fig-tree doth not flourish, And there is no produce among vines, Failed hath the work of the olive, And fields have not yielded food, Cut off from the fold hath been the flock, And there is no herd in the stalls.

LSVLiteral Standard Version2020

Though the fig tree does not flourish, || And there is no produce among vines, || The work of the olive has failed, || And fields have not yielded food, || The flock has been cut off from the fold, || And there is no herd in the stalls,

ILTInterlinear Literal Translation2000

For the fig-tree doth not bud, and no fruit is on the vines; the productiveness of the olive deceiveth, and the fields yield no food; from the fold the flocks are cut off, and there are no herds in the stalls.

ULBUnlocked Literal Bible2017

Though the fig tree does not bud and there is no produce from the vines; and though the produce of the olive tree disappoints and the fields yield no food; and though the flock is cut off from the fold and there are no cattle in the stalls, this is what I will do.

From the Latin

DRADouay-Rheims (Challoner)1899

For the fig tree shall not blossom: and there shall be no spring in the vines. The labour of the olive tree shall fail: and the fields shall yield no food: the flock shall be cut off from the fold, and there shall be no herd in the stalls.

Simplified

FBVFree Bible Version2020

Even though there are no blossoms on the fig trees and there are no grapes on the vines; even though the olive crop fails and the fields produce no harvest; even though there are no animals in the pen and no cattle in the stalls;

BBEBible in Basic English1949

For though the fig-tree has no flowers, and there is no fruit on the vine, and work on the olive comes to nothing, and the fields give no food; and the flock is cut off from its resting-place, and there is no herd in the cattle-house:

Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.


The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank

This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.

כִּֽי(dm)clausesubjectתְאֵנָ֣ה[the].fig.treeadverbialלֹֽאnotverbתִפְרָ֗חit.budsוְandclausepredicateאֵ֤יןthere.[is].notsubjectיְבוּל֙produceprepositional phrase · prepositionalבַּonnoun phrasetheגְּפָנִ֔יםvinesclauseverbכִּחֵשׁ֙it.failsnoun phrase · subjectמַעֲשֵׂה[the].productזַ֔יִתof.[the].olive.treeוּandclausesubjectשְׁדֵמ֖וֹתfieldsadverbialלֹאnotverbעָ֣שָׂהit.producesobjectאֹ֑כֶלfoodclauseverbגָּזַ֤רsomeone.cuts.offprepositional phrase · prepositionalמִfrom.[the]מִּכְלָה֙foldsubjectצֹ֔אן[the].flockוְandclausepredicateאֵ֥יןthere.[are].notsubjectבָּקָ֖רcattleprepositional phrase · prepositionalבָּinnoun phrasetheרְפָתִֽיםstalls

Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.


The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran

The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint match closely, with 20 of the 20 words corresponding directly. The Dead Sea Scrolls show some restoration, but the core message aligns with the Masoretic Text, indicating a consistent understanding of the verse across these witnesses.

Masoretic TextLeningrad Codex, c. AD 1008 — the text this page is built on

כִּֽי־ תְאֵנָ֣ה לֹֽא־ תִפְרָ֗ח וְאֵ֤ין יְבוּל֙ בַּגְּפָנִ֔ים כִּחֵשׁ֙ מַעֲשֵׂה־ זַ֔יִת וּשְׁדֵמ֖וֹת לֹא־ עָ֣שָׂה אֹ֑כֶל גָּזַ֤ר מִמִּכְלָה֙ צֹ֔אן וְאֵ֥ין בָּקָ֖ר בָּרְפָתִֽים׃

Septuagintthe Greek the translators chose, word by word
כִּֽי־διότιתְאֵנָ֣הσυκῆלֹֽא־οὐתִפְרָ֗חκαρποφορήσειוְאֵ֤יןοὐκיְבוּל֙γενήματαבַּגְּפָנִ֔יםἐνכִּחֵשׁ֙ψεύσεταιמַעֲשֵׂה־ἔργονזַ֔יִתἐλαίαςוּשְׁדֵמ֖וֹתπεδίαלֹא־οὐעָ֣שָׂהποιήσειאֹ֑כֶלβρῶσινגָּזַ֤רἐχέλιπονמִמִּכְלָה֙βρώσεωςצֹ֔אןπρόβαταוְאֵ֥יןοὐξבָּקָ֖רβόεςבָּרְפָתִֽים׃φάτναις

20 of the 20 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.

Dead Sea Scrolls — Mur88a copy a thousand years older than the Leningrad Codex

[כי] תאנה לא [תפרח] [ואין] [יבול] [בגפנים] כחש [מעשה] [זית] [ושדמות] לא עשה אכל גזר ממכלה צאן [ואין] בקר ברפתים

7 words on the leather — 4 partly restored, 9 supplied entire by an editor.

Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.


The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with

This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.

Habakkuk 3:17כִּיforforכִּיתְּאֵנָה[the] fig t[the] fig treeתְּאֵנָהלֹאnotnotלֹאפָּרַחit budsit budsפָּרַחאַ֫יִןand there nand there notאַ֫יִןיְבוּל[is] produc[is] produceיְבוּלגֶּ֫פֶןon the vineon the vinesגֶּ֫פֶןכָּחַשׁit failsit failsכָּחַשׁמַעֲשֶׂה[the] produ[the] product oמַעֲשֶׂהזַ֫יִת[the] olive[the] olive treזַ֫יִתשְׁדֵמָהand fieldsand fieldsשְׁדֵמָהלֹאnotnotלֹאעָשָׂהit producesit producesעָשָׂהאֹ֫כֶלfoodfoodאֹ֫כֶלגָּזַרsomeone cutsomeone cuts ofגָּזַרמִכְלָהfrom [the] from [the] foldמִכְלָהצֹאן[the] flock[the] flockצֹאןאַ֫יִןand notand notאַ֫יִןבָּקַרcattlecattleבָּקַררֶ֫פֶת[is] in the[is] in the staרֶ֫פֶתאַ֫יִןwhere?where?אַ֫יִןיָבַלto conductto conductיָבַלעָשָׂהto maketo makeעָשָׂהשָׂדַיfieldfieldשָׂדַיאָכַלto eatto eatאָכַלכָּלָאto restraito restrainכָּלָאבָּקַרto enquireto enquireבָּקַררָפָהto slackento slackenרָפָהזִוZivZivזִועָלֶהleafleafעָלֶהיָכֹלbe ablebe ableיָכֹלעוֹדstillstillעוֹדכְּמוֹlikelikeכְּמוֹצֹאןSheep (GatSheep (Gate)צֹאןיָדַעto knowto knowיָדַעגֶּ֫פֶןvinevineגֶּ֫פֶןצָרַ֫עַתleprosyleprosyצָרַ֫עַתטַלdewdewטַל
meets it a little oftener than chancemeets it far oftener than chancebuilt from the same roottwo words of the verse share ita word of this versea related word

Lexicons — every word in Habakkuk 3:17

One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.

Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.

for [the] fig tree not it buds and there not [is] produce on the vines it fails [the] product of [the] olive tree and fields not it produces food someone cuts off from [the] fold [the] flock and not cattle [is] in the stalls
כִּֽי־ki- for H3588 Particle
4,483× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
A conjunction used to show cause or connection, as in Genesis 2:23 where Adam says the woman is bone of his bone because she was taken out of him. It is often translated as 'for', 'because', or 'since'.
Tyndale gloss
for
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

כִּי (ki) is a conjunction primarily meaning 'that,' 'for,' or 'when.' It indicates causal relationships and can express conditions like 'if' or 'though.' The word is versatile, appearing in various contexts to convey certainty, exception, or concession. Notably, it can combine with other particles to modify its meaning, such as in the phrase כִּי אם־ (ki im), meaning 'that if.'

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

כִּי conj. that, for, when

that

Of time, when, of the past

elsewhere כִּי has a force approximating to if, though it usu. represents a case as more likely to occur than אִם

when or if, with a concessive force, i.e. though

Because, since

base

כִּי אם־

each part. retaining its independent force, and relating to a different clause:

that if

for if

(About 140 t.) the two particles being closely conjoined, and relating to the same clause—

limiting the prec. clause, except

the if being neglected, and treated as pleonastic, so that the clause is no longer a limitation of the preceding clause but a contradiction of it: but rather, but

after an oath, surely

base

כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3588a כִּי that, for, when . that

. . Of time, when, of the past

. elsewhere כִּי has a force approximating to if, though it usu. represents a case as more likely to occur than אִם

. when or if, with a concessive force, i.e. though

. Because, since

H3588b כִּי אם־ . each part. retaining its independent force, and relating to a different clause: . that if

. for if

. (About 140 t.) the two particles being closely conjoined, and relating to the same clause— . limiting the prec. clause, except

. the if being neglected, and treated as pleonastic, so that the clause is no longer a limitation of the preceding clause but a contradiction of it: but rather, but

. after an oath, surely

H3588c כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3588 kiy kee

a primitive particle (the full form of the prepositional

prefix) indicating causal relations of all kinds, antecedent

or consequent; (by implication) very widely used as a relative

conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by

other particles annexed:--and, + (forasmuch, inasmuch,

where-)as, assured(-ly), + but, certainly, doubtless, + else,

even, + except, for, how, (because, in, so, than) that, +

nevertheless, now, rightly, seeing, since, surely, then,

therefore, + (al- )though, + till, truly, + until, when,

whether, while, whom, yea, yet.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

כִּי (ki) — for.

1) that, for, because, when, as though, as, because that, but, then, certainly, except, surely, since

1a) that

1a1) yea, indeed

1b) when (of time)

1b1) when, if, though (with a concessive force)

1c) because, since (causal connection)

1d) but (after negative)

1e) that if, for if, indeed if, for though, but if

1f) but rather, but

1g) except that

1h) only, nevertheless

1i) surely

1j) that is

1k) but if

1l) for though

1m) forasmuch as, for therefore

כִּי [אם] (ki im) — that if: except.

1) except if

1a) but if

1b) even though

כִּי [עַל כֵּן] (ki [al ken]) — for as that: since.

1) that, for, because, when, as though, as, because that, but, then, certainly, except, surely, since

1a) that

1a1) yea, indeed

1b) when (of time)

1b1) when, if, though (with a concessive force)

1c) because, since (causal connection)

1d) but (after negative)

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj — Particle
HTc
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

for (ki (conjunction), le, from 'el (preposition), and various other words. In the New Testament also the words are various, chiefly gar, kai gar, hoti (conjunctions); anti apo eis dia (accusative), epi (dative and accusative), peri (genitive), pros (genitive and accusative), huper (genitive) (prepositions)): the English Revised Version and the American Standard Revised Version give in many cases more literal or more accurate renderings than those in the King James Version.

In the New Testament the most important preps. from a doctrinal point of view are anti, "face to face," "over against," "instead," "on behalf of," peri, "around," "about," "concerning," huper, "over," "on behalf of." The first has been claimed as stating the substitutionary nature of Christ's sacrifice as contrasted with huper and peri, more frequently used of it. But, although anti in the New Testament often means…

The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
for [the] fig tree not it buds and there not [is] produce on the vines it fails [the] product of [the] olive tree and fields not it produces food someone cuts off from [the] fold [the] flock and not cattle [is] in the stalls
תְאֵנָ֣הte.'e.Nah [the] fig tree H8384 Noun common · feminine singular absolute
39× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word refers to the fig tree or its fruit, and is used in the Bible to describe a common food source in ancient Israel. It appears in stories like the one about Jesus and the fig tree in Matthew.
Amplified meaning
does not flourish, will not blossom
Tyndale gloss
fig
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

תְּאֵנָה (t'einah) refers to a fig or fig tree. The entries indicate it is a feminine noun, possibly of foreign origin, and cover both the tree and its fruit. There are no significant disagreements among the lexicons regarding its meaning.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

תְּאֵנָה n.f. fig-tree, (then) fig

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H8384 תְּאֵנָה fig-tree, (then) fig

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

8384 t'en teh-ane'

or (in the singular, feminine) t:enah {teh-ay- naw'}; perhaps

of foreign derivation; the fig (tree or fruit):--fig (tree).

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

תְּאֵנָה (te.e.nah) — fig.

fig, fig tree

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-fs — Noun common · feminine singular absolute
HNcfsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
Nave's Topical Bible

→ In an allegory Jud 9:11

→ Jeremiah's parable of Jer 24:2,3

→ Barren, parable of Lu 13:6-9; 21:29-31

→ FIGURATIVE Mt 24:32; Re 6:13

for [the] fig tree not it buds and there not [is] produce on the vines it fails [the] product of [the] olive tree and fields not it produces food someone cuts off from [the] fold [the] flock and not cattle [is] in the stalls
לֹֽא־lo'- not H3808 Particle
5,170× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for not or no is used to indicate absence or negation, as when God says no to the Israelites' requests, or when they disobey His commands.
Tyndale gloss
not
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

לֹא (lo') is a Hebrew word meaning 'not' or 'no.' It serves as a simple negation and can imply absence or prohibition. The word can also be used in various contexts, often combined with other particles for emphasis or clarification. Its Aramaic equivalent is לָא (la), which also means 'not.'

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

לֹא or לוֹא adv. not

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3808 לֹא or לוֹא not

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3808 lo' lo

or lowi {lo}; or loh (Deut. 3:11) {lo}; a primitive particle;

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often

used with other particles (as follows):--X before, + or else,

ere, + except, ig(-norant), much, less, nay, neither, never,

no((-ne), -r, (-thing)), (X as though...,(can-), for) not (out

of), of nought, otherwise, out of, + surely, + as truly as, +

of a truth, + verily, for want, + whether, without.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

לֹא (lo) — not.

1) not, no

1a) not (with verb-absolute prohibition)

1b) not (with modifier-negation)

1c) nothing (subst)

1d) without (with particle)

1e) before (of time)

Aramaic equivalent: la (לָא "not" H3809)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Part — Particle
HTn
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
for [the] fig tree not it buds and there not [is] produce on the vines it fails [the] product of [the] olive tree and fields not it produces food someone cuts off from [the] fold [the] flock and not cattle [is] in the stalls
תִפְרָ֗חtif.Rach it buds H6524 Verb · Qal · imperfect second person masculine singular
36× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This verb means to fly or bloom, describing something that spreads out or flourishes. It can also mean to break forth like a bud or to grow abundantly. It's used to picture flourishing or spreading out.
Amplified meaning
fail to sprout, will not produce
Tyndale gloss
to sprout
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word פָּרַח (*pa.rach*) is a primitive root that encompasses several meanings, primarily related to growth and emergence. It can mean to bud, sprout, or shoot, as well as to break out in the context of leprosy or similar eruptions. Additionally, it has a sense of flying, particularly in an Aramaic context. The entries highlight its use in various forms, including Qal and Hiphil.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

פָּרַח vb. bud, sprout, shoot

Qal bud, sprout, send out shoots, of vine

Hiph.

cause to bud or sprout

shew buds, sprouts, of tree

base

פָּרַח vb. break out, of leprosy and like eruptions

base

[פָּרַח] vb. fly, Aramaism

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H6524a פָּרַח bud, sprout, shoot H6524b פָּרַח break out, of leprosy and like eruptions H6524c פָּרַח fly, Aramaism

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

6524 parach paw-rakh'

a primitive root; to break forth as a bud, i.e. bloom;

generally, to spread; specifically, to fly (as extending the

wings); figuratively, to flourish:--X abroad, X abundantly,

blossom, break forth (out), bud, flourish, make fly, grow,

spread, spring (up).

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

פָּרַח (pa.rach) — to sprout.

1) to bud, sprout, shoot, bloom

1a) (Qal) to bud, sprout, send out shoots, blossom

1b) (Hiphil)

1b1) to cause to bud or sprout

1b2) to show buds or sprouts

פָּרַח (pa.rach) — to break out.

(Qal) to break out (of leprosy)

פָּרַח (pa.rach) — to fly.

(Qal) to fly (Aramaism)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal-Imperf-3fs — Verb · Qal · imperfect second person masculine singular
HVqi2ms
for [the] fig tree not it buds and there not [is] produce on the vines it fails [the] product of [the] olive tree and fields not it produces food someone cuts off from [the] fold [the] flock and not cattle [is] in the stalls
וְאֵ֤יןve.'Ein and there not H369 Conjunction · noun common masculine singular construct
789× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word means nothing or not, often used to indicate the absence of something, as in Genesis 1:2 where the earth was without form. It emphasizes the idea of something lacking or non-existent.
Tyndale gloss
nothing
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אַ֫יִן (ayin) primarily means 'nothing' or 'nought' and serves as a negative particle indicating absence or negation, such as 'is not' or 'there is not.' It can also express lack of possession or existence. The word is derived from a root meaning to be non-existent, and it appears frequently in various grammatical constructions.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אַ֫יִן, אָ֑֫יִן cstr. אֵין subst. prop. nothing, nought

to nothing, as nothing

cstr. אֵין, very freq. as particle of negation, is not, are not, was not, were not

אֵין לְ׳, with subst., or pron., there is (was) not to … = … have, has, had, etc. not

in circumst. clauses

with inf. and ל׳, it is not to …

with prefixes

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H369 אַ֫יִן, אָ֑֫יִן cstr. אֵין subst. prop. nothing, nought . to nothing, as nothing

. cstr. אֵין, very freq. as particle of negation, is not, are not, was not, were not

. אֵין לְ׳, with subst., or pron., there is (was) not to … = … have, has, had, etc. not

. in circumst. clauses

. with inf. and ל׳, it is not to …

. with prefixes

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

369 'ayin ah'-yin

as if from a primitive root meaning to be nothing or not

exist; a non-entity; generally used as a negative

particle:--else, except, fail, (father-)less, be gone,

in(-curable), neither, never, no (where), none, nor, (any,

thing), not, nothing, to nought, past, un(-searchable),

well-nigh, without. Compare 370.

see HEBREW for 0370

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אַ֫יִן (a.yin) — nothing.

1) nothing, not, nought n

1a) nothing, nought neg

1b) not

1c) to have not (of possession) adv

1d) without w/prep

1e) for lack of

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | Part — Conjunction · noun common masculine singular construct
HC/Ncmsc
for [the] fig tree not it buds and there not [is] produce on the vines it fails [the] product of [the] olive tree and fields not it produces food someone cuts off from [the] fold [the] flock and not cattle [is] in the stalls
יְבוּל֙ye.Vul [is] produce H2981 Noun common · masculine singular absolute
13× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word refers to crops or produce, like fruits and grains, and is also used to describe wealth. It appears in the Bible to talk about the abundance of the land. In the KJV, it's translated as 'fruit' or 'increase'.
Amplified meaning
grapes, produce
Tyndale gloss
crops
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

יְבוּל (yebul) refers to the produce of the soil, specifically crops or fruit. It is derived from a root that suggests increase or wealth. The term emphasizes agricultural yield and is associated with the bounty of the earth.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

יְבוּל n.m. produce of soil

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H2981 יְבוּל produce of soil

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

2981 ybuwl yeb-ool'

from 2986; produce, i.e. a crop or (figuratively)

wealth:--fruit, increase.

see HEBREW for 02986

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

יְבוּל (ye.vul) — crops.

produce, fruit, produce (of the soil)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absolute
HNcmsa
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
for [the] fig tree not it buds and there not [is] produce on the vines it fails [the] product of [the] olive tree and fields not it produces food someone cuts off from [the] fold [the] flock and not cattle [is] in the stalls
בַּגְּפָנִ֔יםba.ge.fa.Nim on the vines H1612 Preposition · noun common both plural absolute
55× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for vine, often referring to Israel or prosperity, appears in the Bible as a symbol of God's people. It is also used to describe a grapevine. In the Bible, vines are often associated with abundance and fruitfulness.
Amplified meaning
grapevines
Tyndale gloss
vine
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

גֶּ֫פֶן (gephen) means 'vine' and is derived from a root suggesting bending, reflecting the twining nature of vines. It encompasses literal uses, such as the grapevine, as well as metaphorical applications related to prosperity and even the fading of stars at divine judgment.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

גֶּ֫פֶן n.f. vine

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1612 גֶּ֫פֶן vine

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1612 gephen gheh'-fen

from an unused root meaning to bend; a vine (as twining),

especially the grape:--vine, tree.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

גֶּ֫פֶן (ge.phen) — vine.

1) vine, vine tree

1a) of Israel (fig.)

1b) of stars fading at Jehovah's judgment (metaph.)

1c) of prosperity

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep | N-cp — Preposition · noun common both plural absolute
HRd/Ncbpa
for [the] fig tree not it buds and there not [is] produce on the vines it fails [the] product of [the] olive tree and fields not it produces food someone cuts off from [the] fold [the] flock and not cattle [is] in the stalls
כִּחֵשׁ֙ki.Chesh it fails H3584 Verb · Piel · perfect third person masculine singular
22× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
To deceive or lie, as seen in Psalm 116:11 where the psalmist says all people are liars. It means to be untrue in word or deed, disappointing or failing others. This concept is also found in Proverbs 10:18.
Amplified meaning
will not produce, comes to nothing
Tyndale gloss
to deceive
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

כָּחַשׁ (kachash) is a Hebrew verb meaning to deceive or disappoint. It encompasses a range of actions including lying, failing, and growing lean, with various forms indicating different nuances such as cringing or feigning obedience. The entries highlight its use in contexts of untruthfulness and insufficiency, but there is no significant disagreement among the lexicons.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

כָּחַשׁ vb. be disappointing, deceive, fail, grow lean

Qal my flesh hath grown lean (away) fr. fatness

Niph. thine enemies shall cringe

Pi.

deceive

act deceptively against

cringe = come cringing

disappoint, fail

Hithp. shall come cringing to me

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3584 כָּחַשׁ be disappointing, deceive, fail, grow lean

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3584 kachash kaw-khash'

a primitive root; to be untrue, in word (to lie, feign,

disown) or deed (to disappoint, fail, cringe):--deceive, deny,

dissemble, fail, deal falsely, be found liars, (be-)lie,

lying, submit selves.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

כָּחַשׁ (ka.chash) — to deceive.

1) to deceive, lie, fail, grow lean, be disappointing, be untrue, be insufficient, be found liars, belie, deny, dissemble, deal falsely

1a) (Qal) to become lean

1b) (Niphal) to cringe, feign obedience

1c) (Piel)

1c1) to deceive, deny falsely

1c2) to act deceptively

1c3) to cringe

1c4) to disappoint, fail

1d) (Hithpael) to cringe, feign obedience

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Piel-Perf-3ms — Verb · Piel · perfect third person masculine singular
HVpp3ms
for [the] fig tree not it buds and there not [is] produce on the vines it fails [the] product of [the] olive tree and fields not it produces food someone cuts off from [the] fold [the] flock and not cattle [is] in the stalls
מַעֲשֵׂה־ma.'a.seh- [the] product of H4639 Noun common · masculine singular construct
236× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word refers to an action or deed, which can be good or bad. It is used to describe various activities, such as work, business, or achievements. The KJV translates it as act, deed, or labor.
Amplified meaning
labor of the olive tree, olive harvest
Tyndale gloss
deed: judgement
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

מַעֲשֶׂה (ma`aseh) means deed or work, encompassing a range of actions from good to bad, and includes concepts like business, labor, and products made. It can refer to specific achievements, works of God, or even customs. The entries suggest a broad application in various contexts, but do not indicate any significant disagreement among lexicons.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

מַעֲשֶׂה 233 n.m. deed, work

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H4639 מַעֲשֶׂה deed, work

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

4639 ma`aseh mah-as-eh'

from 6213; an action (good or bad); generally, a transaction;

abstractly, activity; by implication, a product (specifically,

a poem) or (generally) property:--act, art, + bakemeat,

business, deed, do(-ing), labor, thing made, ware of making,

occupation, thing offered, operation, possession, X well,

((handy-, needle-, net-))work(ing, - manship), wrought.

see HEBREW for 06213

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

מַעֲשֶׂה (ma.a.seh) — deed: work.

: work/product

1) deed, work

1a) deed, thing done, act

1b) work, labour

1c) business, pursuit

1d) undertaking, enterprise

1e) achievement

1f) deeds, works (of deliverance and judgment)

1g) work, thing made

1h) work (of God)

1i) product

מַעֲשֶׂה (ma.a.seh) — deed: justice.

: justice/right/righteousness

1) deed, work

1a) deed, thing done, act

1b) work, labour

1c) business, pursuit

1d) undertaking, enterprise

1e) achievement

1f) deeds, works (of deliverance and judgment)

1g) work, thing made

1h) work (of God)

1i) product

מַעֲשֶׂה (ma.a.seh) — deed: judgement.

: judgement/punishment

1) deed, work

1a) deed, thing done, act

1b) work, labour

1c) business, pursuit

1d) undertaking, enterprise

1e) achievement

1f) deeds, works (of deliverance and judgment)

1g) work, thing made

1h) work (of God)

1i) product

מַעֲשֶׂה (ma.a.seh) — deed: custom.

: custom/manner

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular construct
HNcmsc
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ov:

(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.

English usagewhat the translators’ English meant
Webster's Dictionary (1828), Webster's Unabridged (1913), Webster's Dictionary (1806)

OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]

1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.

I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.

For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.

It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.

Lamentations 3:1.

The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.

Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.

That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.

Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…

for [the] fig tree not it buds and there not [is] produce on the vines it fails [the] product of [the] olive tree and fields not it produces food someone cuts off from [the] fold [the] flock and not cattle [is] in the stalls
זַ֔יִתZa.yit [the] olive tree H2132 Noun common · masculine singular absolute
38× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for olive tree or olive berry, often associated with oil and light. In Deuteronomy 8:8, the olive tree is listed as one of the blessings of the Promised Land, and in Matthew 24:3, Jesus teaches on the Mount of Olives.
Tyndale gloss
olive
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

זַ֫יִת (zayith) refers to an olive or olive tree, including its fruit. It is associated with illuminating oil and appears in place names like the Mount of Olives. The entries suggest it encompasses both the tree and its produce, with some lexicons noting its connection to specific locations.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

זַ֫יִת n.m. olive-tree, olive

olive-tree

of fruit of olive-tree, olives

in designations of place

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H2132 זַ֫יִת olive-tree, olive

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

2132 zayith zay'-yith

probably from an unused root (akin to 2099); an olive (as

yielding illuminating oil), the tree, the branch or the

berry:--olive (tree, -yard), Olivet.

see HEBREW for 02099

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

זַ֫יִת (za.yit) — (Mount of) Olives.

This name means olive, olive tree

Also named: elaiōn (ἐλαιών "Olivet" G1638)

זַ֫יִת (za.yit) — olive.

1) olive, olive tree

1a) olive tree

1b) olives

2) mountain facing Jerusalem on the east side

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absolute
HNcmsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
Easton's Bible Dictionary

Olive-tree

Is frequently mentioned in Scripture. The dove from the ark brought an olive-branch to Noah (Gen. 8:11). It is mentioned among the most notable trees of Palestine, where it was cultivated long before the time of the Hebrews (Deut. 6:11; 8:8). It is mentioned in the first Old Testament parable, that of Jotham (Judg. 9:9), and is named among the blessings of the “good land,” and is at the present day the one characteristic tree of Palestine. The oldest olive-trees in the country are those which are enclosed in the Garden of Gethsemane. It is referred to as an emblem of prosperity and beauty and religious privilege (Ps. 52:8;

for [the] fig tree not it buds and there not [is] produce on the vines it fails [the] product of [the] olive tree and fields not it produces food someone cuts off from [the] fold [the] flock and not cattle [is] in the stalls
וּשְׁדֵמ֖וֹתu.she.de.Mot and fields H7709 Conjunction · noun common feminine plural absolute
6× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Shedemah means a cultivated field, and it can also refer to a field that has been blasted or destroyed. This word is used in the Bible to describe agricultural land and its condition.
Amplified meaning
cultivated land, pastures
Tyndale gloss
field
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

שְׁדֵמָה (shdemah) means 'field' and is derived from a related term. It refers to a cultivated area, and can also imply a blasted field. The entries consistently define it as a type of field without significant disagreement.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[שְׁדֵמָה] n.f. field

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H7709 [שְׁדֵמָה] field

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

7709 shdemah shed-ay-maw'

apparently from 7704; a cultivated field; -- blasted, field.

see HEBREW for 07704

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

שְׁדֵמָה (she.de.mah) — field.

field

Also means: she.re.mah (שְׁרֵמָה "field" H8309)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | N-fp — Conjunction · noun common feminine plural absolute
HC/Ncfpa
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
for [the] fig tree not it buds and there not [is] produce on the vines it fails [the] product of [the] olive tree and fields not it produces food someone cuts off from [the] fold [the] flock and not cattle [is] in the stalls
לֹא־lo'- not H3808 Particle
5,170× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for not or no is used to indicate absence or negation, as when God says no to the Israelites' requests, or when they disobey His commands.
Tyndale gloss
not
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

לֹא (lo') is a Hebrew word meaning 'not' or 'no.' It serves as a simple negation and can imply absence or prohibition. The word can also be used in various contexts, often combined with other particles for emphasis or clarification. Its Aramaic equivalent is לָא (la), which also means 'not.'

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

לֹא or לוֹא adv. not

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3808 לֹא or לוֹא not

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3808 lo' lo

or lowi {lo}; or loh (Deut. 3:11) {lo}; a primitive particle;

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often

used with other particles (as follows):--X before, + or else,

ere, + except, ig(-norant), much, less, nay, neither, never,

no((-ne), -r, (-thing)), (X as though...,(can-), for) not (out

of), of nought, otherwise, out of, + surely, + as truly as, +

of a truth, + verily, for want, + whether, without.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

לֹא (lo) — not.

1) not, no

1a) not (with verb-absolute prohibition)

1b) not (with modifier-negation)

1c) nothing (subst)

1d) without (with particle)

1e) before (of time)

Aramaic equivalent: la (לָא "not" H3809)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Part — Particle
HTn
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
for [the] fig tree not it buds and there not [is] produce on the vines it fails [the] product of [the] olive tree and fields not it produces food someone cuts off from [the] fold [the] flock and not cattle [is] in the stalls
עָ֣שָׂה'A.sah it produces H6213 Verb · Qal · perfect third person masculine singular
2,629× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This verb means to make or do something, and is used over 2,600 times in the Bible. It is first used in Genesis 1:7 to describe God's creation of the world and is also used in Exodus 31:5 to describe the work of skilled craftsmen.
Tyndale gloss
to make
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

עָשָׂה (asah) is a Hebrew verb meaning to do or make, encompassing a wide range of actions such as producing, preparing, and observing. It can refer to both concrete and abstract activities, including making offerings and attending to tasks. The verb also has forms indicating passive meanings, such as being made or offered. Notably, the Piel form refers to pressing or squeezing.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

עָשָׂה 2622 vb. do, make

Qal 2524

do (1560 t.)

deal with

oft. in phr. do kindness with

abs. act, act with effect

make (670 t.)

produce, yield

prepare, esp. of dressing and cooking food

make offering

attend to, put in order

observe, celebrate, religious festival

acquire property of various kinds

appoint priests

bring about of י׳’s effecting a deliverance

use

spend, pass, days of life

Niph.

97be done

be made, of concr. things

be produced from vine

be prepared, of food

be offered

be observed, passover

be used

Pu. I was made

base

[עָשָׂה] vb. Pi. press, squeeze

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H6213a עָשָׂה do, make .. . do (1560 + t.)

. deal with

. oft. in phr. do kindness with

. abs. act, act with effect

. . make (670 + t.)

. produce, yield

. prepare, esp. of dressing and cooking food

. make offering

. attend to, put in order

. observe, celebrate, religious festival

. acquire property of various kinds

. appoint priests

. bring about of י׳’s effecting a deliverance

. use

. spend, pass, days of life

. . be done

. . be made, of concr. things

. be produced from vine

. be prepared, of food

. be offered

. be observed, passover

. be used

. I was made

H6213b עָשָׂה Pi. press, squeeze

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

6213 `asah aw-saw'

a primitive root; to do or make, in the broadest sense and

widest application (as follows):--accomplish, advance,

appoint, apt, be at, become, bear, bestow, bring forth,

bruise, be busy, X certainly, have the charge of, commit, deal

(with), deck, + displease, do, (ready) dress(-ed), (put in)

execute(-ion), exercise, fashion, + feast, (fight-)ing man, +

finish, fit, fly, follow, fulfill, furnish, gather, get, go

about, govern, grant, great, + hinder, hold ((a feast)), X

indeed, + be industrious, + journey, keep, labour, maintain,

make, be meet, observe, be occupied, offer, + officer, pare,

bring (come) to pass, perform, pracise, prepare, procure,

provide, put, requite, X sacrifice, serve, set, shew, X sin,

spend, X surely, take, X thoroughly, trim, X very, + vex, be

(warr-)ior, work(-man), yield, use.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

עָשָׂה (a.sah) — to make: do.

: do/perform

1) to do, fashion, accomplish, make

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to do, work, make, produce

1a1a) to do

1a1b) to work

1a1c) to deal (with)

1a1d) to act, act with effect, effect

1a2) to make

1a2a) to make

1a2b) to produce

1a2c) to prepare

1a2d) to make (an offering)

1a2e) to attend to, put in order

1a2f) to observe, celebrate

1a2g) to acquire (property)

1a2h) to appoint, ordain, institute

1a2i) to bring about

1a2j) to use

1a2k) to spend, pass

1b) (Niphal)

1b1) to be done

1b2) to be made

1b3) to be produced

1b4) to be offered

1b5) to be observed

1b6) to be used

1c) (Pual) to be made

עָשָׂה (a.sah) — to press.

(Piel) to press, squeeze

עָשָׂה (a.sah) — to make.

: make(OBJECT)

1) to do, fashion, accomplish, make

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to do, work, make, produce

1a1a) to do

1a1b) to work

1a1c) to deal (with)

1a1d) to act, act with effect, effect

1a2) to make

1a2a) to make

1a2b) to produce

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal-Perf-3ms — Verb · Qal · perfect third person masculine singular
HVqp3ms
for [the] fig tree not it buds and there not [is] produce on the vines it fails [the] product of [the] olive tree and fields not it produces food someone cuts off from [the] fold [the] flock and not cattle [is] in the stalls
אֹ֑כֶל'O.khel food H400 Noun common · masculine singular absolute
43× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word refers to food or a meal, including cereal, meat, and other supplies. It is used in stories about everyday life, like eating and sharing meals.
Amplified meaning
yield no harvest, give no crops
Tyndale gloss
food
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אֹ֫כֶל (okel) means food and encompasses a range of meanings including meal, meat, and food supply. It is derived from the root word for eating. The entries highlight its use in various contexts, such as meals and victuals, but do not indicate any significant disagreement among the lexicons.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אֹ֫כֶל 40 n.m. food

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H400 אֹ֫כֶל food

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

400 'okel o'-kel

from 398; food:--eating, food, meal(-time), meat, prey,

victuals.

see HEBREW for 0398

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אֹ֫כֶל (o.khel) — food.

1) food

1a) cereal

1b) meat

2) food supply

3) meal, dinner

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absolute
HNcmsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

food:

I. VEGETABLE FOODS

1. Primitive Habits

2. Cereals

3. Leguminous Plants

4. Food of Trees

II. ANIMAL FOOD

LITERATURE

In a previous article (see BREAD) it has been shown that in the Bible "bread" usually stands for food in general and how this came to be so. In a complementary article on MEALS the methods of preparing and serving food will be dealt with. This article is devoted specifically to the foodstuffs of the Orient, more especially to articles of food in use among the Hebrews in Bible times. These are divisible into two main classes.

I. Vegetable Foods.

1. Primitive Habits:

Orientals in general are vegetarians, rather than flesh eaters. There is some reason to believe that primitive man was a vegetarian (see Ge 2:16; 3:2,6). It would seem, indeed, from a comparison of Ge 1:29 f…

Easton's Bible Dictionary

Food

Originally the Creator granted the use of the vegetable world for food to man (Gen. 1:29), with the exception mentioned (2:17). The use of animal food was probably not unknown to the antediluvians. There is, however, a distinct law on the subject given to Noah after the Deluge (Gen. 9:2-5). Various articles of food used in the patriarchal age are mentioned in Gen. 18:6-8; 25:34; 27:3, 4; 43:11. Regarding the food of the Israelites in Egypt, see Ex. 16:3; Num. 11:5. In the wilderness their ordinary food was miraculously supplied in the manna. They had also quails (Ex.…

The diet of eastern nations has been in all ages light and simple. Vegetable food was more used than animal. The Hebrews used a great variety of articles, (John 21:5) to give a relish to bread. Milk and its preparations hold a conspicuous place in eastern diet, as affording substantial nourishment; generally int he form of the modern leben , i.e. sour milk. Authorized Version "butter;" (Genesis 18:8; Judges 5:25; 2 Samuel 17:29) Fruit was another source of subsistence: figs stood first in point of importance; they were generally dried and pressed into cakes. Grapes were generally eaten in a dried state as raisins. Of vegetables we have most frequent notice of lentils…

American Tract Society Bible Dictionary

In ancient the food of a people was more entirely the product of their own country than in our day. Palestine was favored with an abundance of animal food, grain, and vegetables. But throughout the East, vegetable food is more used than animal. Bread was the principal food. Grain of various kinds, beans, lentils, onions, grapes, together with olive oil, honey, and the milk of goats and cows were the ordinary fare. The wandering Arabs live much upon a coarse black bread. A very common dish in Syria is rice, with shreds of meat, vegetables, olive oil, etc., intermixed. A similar dish, made with beans, lentils, and various kinds of pulse, was in frequent use at an earlier age, Ge 25:29-34 2Ki 4:38-1.

for [the] fig tree not it buds and there not [is] produce on the vines it fails [the] product of [the] olive tree and fields not it produces food someone cuts off from [the] fold [the] flock and not cattle [is] in the stalls
גָּזַ֤רga.Zar someone cuts off H1504 Verb · Qal · perfect third person masculine singular
13× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the Bible, this Hebrew word means to cut or divide something, like cutting down a tree or deciding a matter. It is used in various ways, such as cutting off or destroying something. This word appears in books like Genesis and Exodus.
Amplified meaning
removed, severed
Tyndale gloss
to cut
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

גָּזַר (gazár) is a Hebrew verb meaning to cut or divide. It encompasses a range of actions including cutting down, cutting off, and making decrees. The word can also imply destruction or exclusion. Notably, it is used in contexts such as dividing the Red Sea, indicating its significance in biblical narratives.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

גָּזַר vb. cut, divide

Qal

divide, cut in two

divide the Red Sea

cut down

cut off (piece of meat to eat, but obj. not expr.)

cut off, i.e. destroy, exterminate

decree

Niph.

be cut off, separated, excluded

be cut off = destroyed, exterminate

be decreed

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1504 גָּזַר cut, divide .. divide, cut in two

. divide the Red Sea

. cut down

. cut off (piece of meat to eat, but obj. not expr.)

. cut off, i.e. destroy, exterminate

. decree

. . be cut off, separated, excluded

. be cut off = destroyed, exterminate

. be decreed

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1504 gazar gaw-zar'

a primitive root; to cut down or off; (figuratively) to

destroy, divide, exclude, or decide:--cut down (off), decree,

divide, snatch.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

גָּזַר (ga.zar) — to cut.

1) to cut, divide, cut down, cut off, cut in two, snatch, decree

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to cut in two, divide

1a2) to cut down

1a3) to cut off, destroy, exterminate

1a4) to decree

1b) (Niphal)

1b1) to be cut off, separated, excluded

1b2) to be destroyed, cut off

1b3) to be decreed

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal-Perf-3ms — Verb · Qal · perfect third person masculine singular
HVqp3ms
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
for [the] fig tree not it buds and there not [is] produce on the vines it fails [the] product of [the] olive tree and fields not it produces food someone cuts off from [the] fold [the] flock and not cattle [is] in the stalls
מִמִּכְלָה֙mi.mikh.Lah from [the] fold H4356 Preposition · noun common feminine singular absolute
3× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
A fold refers to a pen or enclosure for flocks of sheep, providing a safe space for them to graze and rest. This term is used in the Bible to describe the care of sheep.
Amplified meaning
pen, enclosure
Tyndale gloss
fold
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

מִכְלָה (mikla'ah) refers to an enclosure or fold, specifically for flocks. It appears in contexts related to sheep and goats, such as in Habakkuk 3:17 and Psalms 78:70. The word is derived from a root meaning to pen or enclose, indicating its function as a protective space for animals.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

מִכְלָה (incorrect for מכלא) n.[m.] enclosure, fold;—גָּזַר מִמּ׳ צֹאן Hb 3:17; pl. cstr. לקח מִֽמִּכְלְאֹת צֹֽאן ψ 78:70 (obj. David); pl. sf. לקה מִ֝מִּכְלְאֹתֶ֗יךָ 50:9 (obj. he-goats).—II. מִכְלָה v. sub כלה.

done

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H4356 מִכְלָה, מִכְלָאָה

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

4356 mikla'ah mik-law-aw'

or miklah {mik-law'}; from 3607; a pen (for

flocks):--((sheep-))fold. Compare 4357.

see HEBREW for 03607

see HEBREW for 04357

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

מִכְלָה (mikh.la.ah) — fold.

fold, enclosure

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep | N-cs — Preposition · noun common feminine singular absolute
HR/Ncfsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
Easton's Bible Dictionary

Fold

An enclosure for flocks to rest together (Isa. 13:20). Sheep-folds are mentioned Num. 32:16, 24, 36; 2 Sam. 7:8; Zeph. 2:6; John 10:1, etc. It was prophesied of the cities of Ammon (Ezek. 25:5), Aroer (Isa. 17:2), and Judaea, that they would be folds or couching-places for flocks. “Among the pots,” of the Authorized Version (Ps. 68:13), is rightly in the Revised Version, “among the sheepfolds.”

The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
for [the] fig tree not it buds and there not [is] produce on the vines it fails [the] product of [the] olive tree and fields not it produces food someone cuts off from [the] fold [the] flock and not cattle [is] in the stalls
צֹ֔אןTzon [the] flock H6629 Noun common · both singular absolute
274× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word refers to a flock of sheep or goats, and is sometimes used to describe people in a figurative sense. It is also associated with the Sheep Gate in Jerusalem, a significant location in biblical times.
Amplified meaning
flock, sheep and goats
Tyndale gloss
Sheep (Gate)
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

צֹאן (tso'n) refers to small cattle, specifically sheep and goats, and is used to denote a flock or flocks. It can also be used metaphorically to describe a multitude. The term appears in contexts such as Psalm 144:13, where it emphasizes the collective nature of these animals.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

צֹאן 273 n.coll.f. small cattle, sheep and goats, flock, flocks

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H6629 צֹאן small cattle, sheep and goats, flock, flocks

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

6629 tso'n tsone

or tsaown (Psalm 144:13) {tseh-one'}; from an unused root

meaning to migrate; a collective name for a flock (of sheep or

goats); also figuratively (of men):--(small) cattle, flock

(+ -s), lamb (+ -s), sheep((-cote, -fold, -shearer, -herds)).

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

צֹאן (tson) — flock.

1) small cattle, sheep, sheep and goats, flock, flocks

1a) small cattle (usually of sheep and goats)

1b) of multitude (simile)

1c) of multitude (metaphor)

צֹאן (tson) — Sheep (Gate).

This name means sheep and goats

Also named: probatikos (προβατικός "Sheep Gate" G4262)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-cs — Noun common · both singular absolute
HNcbsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

See CATTLE.

for [the] fig tree not it buds and there not [is] produce on the vines it fails [the] product of [the] olive tree and fields not it produces food someone cuts off from [the] fold [the] flock and not cattle [is] in the stalls
וְאֵ֥יןve.'Ein and not H369 Conjunction · noun common masculine singular construct
789× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word means nothing or not, often used to indicate the absence of something, as in Genesis 1:2 where the earth was without form. It emphasizes the idea of something lacking or non-existent.
Tyndale gloss
nothing
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אַ֫יִן (ayin) primarily means 'nothing' or 'nought' and serves as a negative particle indicating absence or negation, such as 'is not' or 'there is not.' It can also express lack of possession or existence. The word is derived from a root meaning to be non-existent, and it appears frequently in various grammatical constructions.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אַ֫יִן, אָ֑֫יִן cstr. אֵין subst. prop. nothing, nought

to nothing, as nothing

cstr. אֵין, very freq. as particle of negation, is not, are not, was not, were not

אֵין לְ׳, with subst., or pron., there is (was) not to … = … have, has, had, etc. not

in circumst. clauses

with inf. and ל׳, it is not to …

with prefixes

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H369 אַ֫יִן, אָ֑֫יִן cstr. אֵין subst. prop. nothing, nought . to nothing, as nothing

. cstr. אֵין, very freq. as particle of negation, is not, are not, was not, were not

. אֵין לְ׳, with subst., or pron., there is (was) not to … = … have, has, had, etc. not

. in circumst. clauses

. with inf. and ל׳, it is not to …

. with prefixes

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

369 'ayin ah'-yin

as if from a primitive root meaning to be nothing or not

exist; a non-entity; generally used as a negative

particle:--else, except, fail, (father-)less, be gone,

in(-curable), neither, never, no (where), none, nor, (any,

thing), not, nothing, to nought, past, un(-searchable),

well-nigh, without. Compare 370.

see HEBREW for 0370

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אַ֫יִן (a.yin) — nothing.

1) nothing, not, nought n

1a) nothing, nought neg

1b) not

1c) to have not (of possession) adv

1d) without w/prep

1e) for lack of

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | Part — Conjunction · noun common masculine singular construct
HC/Ncmsc
for [the] fig tree not it buds and there not [is] produce on the vines it fails [the] product of [the] olive tree and fields not it produces food someone cuts off from [the] fold [the] flock and not cattle [is] in the stalls
בָּקָ֖רba.Kar cattle H1241 Noun common · both singular absolute
183× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Domesticated cattle or oxen, used for work or sacrifice, like the animals used in the temple sacrifices in 1 Kings 8:63.
Amplified meaning
herd, domesticated animals
Tyndale gloss
cattle
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

בָּקַר (baqar) refers to cattle, specifically oxen and herds, and can denote individual animals or a collective group. It is derived from a root meaning related to cattle and encompasses various forms such as beef cattle and oxen used for plowing. The term appears in contexts discussing livestock in the Old Testament.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

בָּקַר 182 n.m. cattle, herd, ox

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1241 בָּקַר cattle, herd, ox

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1241 baqar baw-kawr'

from 1239; beef cattle or an animal of the ox family of

either gender (as used for plowing); collectively, a herd:--

beeve, bull (+ -ock), + calf, + cow, great (cattle), + heifer,

herd, kine, ox.

see HEBREW for 01239

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

בָּקָר (ba.qar) — cattle.

1) cattle, herd, oxen, ox

1a) cattle (generic pl. but sing. in form-coll)

1b) herd (particular one)

1c) head of cattle (individually)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-cs — Noun common · both singular absolute
HNcbsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

kat'-'-l (behemah, "a dumb beast"; miqneh, "a possession" from qanah, "to acquire" (compare Arabic qana', "to acquire," and Greek kienos, "beast," and plural ktenea, "flocks," from ktaomai, "to acquire," flocks being both with the Homeric peoples and with the patriarchs an important form of property; compare English "fee"); tso'n "small cattle," "sheep" or goats (compare Arabic da'n, "sheep"); seh, a single sheep or goat (compare Arabic shah); mela'khah, "property," from la'akh, "to minister" (compare Arabic malakah and mulk, "property," from malak, "to possess"); meri' "fatling" (1Ki 19); thremma (Joh 4:12), "cattle," i.e. "that which is nourished," from trepho, "to nourish"; baqar, "kine," "oxen" (compare Arabic baqar, "cattle"); shor, tor (Da 4:25), tauros (

Cattle

Abounded in the Holy Land. To the rearing and management of them the inhabitants chiefly devoted themselves (Deut. 8:13; 12:21; 1 Sam. 11:5; 12:3; Ps. 144:14; Jer. 3:24). They may be classified as,

(1.) Neat cattle. Many hundreds of these were yearly consumed in sacrifices or used for food. The finest herds were found in Bashan, beyond Jordan (Num. 32:4). Large herds also pastured on the wide fertile plains of Sharon. They were yoked to the plough (1 Kings 19:19), and were employed for carrying burdens (1 Chr.…

→ (Of the bovine species)

→ Used for sacrifice 1Ki 8:63

→ See HEIFER

→ See OFFERINGS

→ Sheltered Ge 33:17

→ Stall-fed Pr 15:17

→ Gilead adapted to the raising of Nu 32:1-4

→ Bashan suitable to the raising of Ps 22:12; Eze 39:18; Am 4:1

→ See ANIMALS

→ See BULL

→ See BULLOCK

→ See COW

→ See HEIFER

→ See KINE

→ See OFFERING

for [the] fig tree not it buds and there not [is] produce on the vines it fails [the] product of [the] olive tree and fields not it produces food someone cuts off from [the] fold [the] flock and not cattle [is] in the stalls
בָּרְפָתִֽים׃ba.re.fa.Tim [is] in the stalls H7517 Preposition · noun common masculine plural absolute
1× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word refers to a stable or stall where cattle rest. It appears in the Bible as a place for animals to stay. In the KJV, it is translated as 'stall'.
Amplified meaning
stable, resting place
Tyndale gloss
stall
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

רֶ֫פֶת (repheth) likely derives from a root meaning to rest, and it refers to a stall for cattle. The term appears in the plural form in Habakkuk 3:17, indicating its use in the context of livestock.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[רֶ֫פֶת] n.[m.] appar. stable, stall;—pl. Hb 3:17

ref

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H7517 רֶ֫פֶת

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

7517 repheth reh'-feth

probably from 7503; a stall for cattle (from their resting

there):--stall.

see HEBREW for 07503

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

רֶ֫פֶת (re.phet) — stall.

stable, stall

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep | N-mp — Preposition · noun common masculine plural absolute
HRd/Ncmpa
Sources on this page. Lexicons and dictionaries imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate Liddell-Scott-Jones, Robinson and Packard, Webster and Cawdrey. Thayer’s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (Harper, 1889 — Grimm’s Wilke’s Clavis Novi Testamenti, translated, revised and enlarged by Joseph Henry Thayer) is public domain and is set here from the Internet Archive page scan greekenglishlex00grim; it is uncorrected OCR, marked as such on the entry itself, and the Strong’s numbers — which Thayer’s own edition does not carry — were matched by lemma against the other modules on this page. Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament (Macmillan, 1880) and Moulton and Milligan’s Vocabulary of the Greek Testament (Hodder & Stoughton, 1930, which entered the United States public domain on 1 January 2026) are set from Internet Archive page scans synonymsofnewtes00treniala and vocabularyofgree00mouluoft, and are likewise uncorrected OCR matched to Strong’s numbers by lemma. Trench treats a group of words at once, so the same essay stands on the page of each word it compares. The Mounce Concise Greek-English Dictionary is © 1993 and is used here by permission for non-commercial use, www.teknia.com/greek-dictionary. The full Liddell-Scott-Jones and the Hebrew word data (TAHOT) come from STEPBible.org, CC BY 4.0. Brown-Driver-Briggs is the OpenScriptures digitisation, public domain. Syntax analysis is the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (biblicalhumanities.org); the concordance and morphology are built from the tagged Nestle 1904 text. Septuagint occurrences use the Open Scriptures Septuagint lemma index, derived from CCAT (University of Pennsylvania) and the Rahlfs 1935 dataset by Eliran Wong, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — used here on a non-commercial ministry site. Greek of Josephus and Barnabas from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA 4.0. Commentaries and the Ante-Nicene Fathers are public-domain texts hosted on this site. Everyday Greek from the Duke Databank of Documentary Papyri, CC BY 3.0, with dates and provenance from the Heidelberger Gesamtverzeichnis. Philo and the Apostolic Fathers from Open Greek and Latin (First1KGreek), CC BY-SA 4.0. The apparatus and the fifth Greek column are the SBL Greek New Testament, © 2010 SBL and Logos Bible Software, CC BY 4.0. The Latin is the Clementine Vulgate (public domain); the Syriac New Testament is the ETCBC edition (MIT licence). The Hebrew behind the Greek is computed here from the Septuagint index and TAHOT, not taken from any aligned edition. The translation spread and the per-word edition marks come from the Translators Amalgamated Greek NT (STEPBible, CC BY 4.0); clause roles from the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (CC BY-SA 4.0); place identifications and their confidence from OpenBible.info Bible Geocoding (CC BY 4.0), with map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Gospel parallels are computed here from shared uncommon vocabulary, not taken from any printed harmony. Cross references are the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge and the subject headings are Nave’s Topical Bible, both public domain. Works under Creative Commons licences are used unchanged apart from markup removal.

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