Exodus 39:28 — Word Study
WLCוְאֵת֙ הַמִּצְנֶ֣פֶת שֵׁ֔שׁ וְאֶת־ פַּאֲרֵ֥י הַמִּגְבָּעֹ֖ת שֵׁ֑שׁ וְאֶת־ מִכְנְסֵ֥י הַבָּ֖ד שֵׁ֥שׁ מָשְׁזָֽר׃
BSAas well asʼêth the turbanmitsnepheth [mitre, head-dress] of fine linenshêsh [white linen] the ornatepᵉʼêr [fancy, goodly] headbandsmigbâʻâh [head-tires, bonnets] andʼêth undergarmentsmiknâç [linen breeches, trousers] [of] finely spunshâzar [twined, twisted] linenshêsh
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| וְאֵת֙ | and the object marker | Conjunction, particle |
| הַמִּצְנֶ֣פֶת | the turban | Particle, noun common feminine singular absolute |
| שֵׁ֔שׁ | fine linen | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
| וְאֶת־ | and the object marker | Conjunction, particle |
| פַּאֲרֵ֥י | [the] head-wrap of | Noun common, masculine plural construct |
| הַמִּגְבָּעֹ֖ת | the headdresses | Particle, noun common feminine plural absolute |
| שֵׁ֑שׁ | fine linen | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
| וְאֶת־ | and the object marker | Conjunction, particle |
| מִכְנְסֵ֥י | [the] undergarments of | Noun common, masculine plural construct |
| הַבָּ֖ד | linen | Particle, noun common masculine singular absolute |
| שֵׁ֥שׁ | fine linen | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
| מָשְׁזָֽר׃ | twisted | Verb, Hophal, participle (passive) masculine singular |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | as well as the turban of fine linen, the ornate headbands and undergarments of finely spun linen, |
| KJV | And a mitre of fine linen, and goodly bonnets of fine linen, and linen breeches of fine twined linen, |
| ASV | and the mitre of fine linen, and the goodly head-tires of fine linen, and the linen breeches of fine twined linen, |
| YLT | and the mitre of linen, and the beautiful bonnets of linen, and the linen trousers, of twined linen, |
| WEB | the turban of fine linen, the linen headbands of fine linen, the linen trousers of fine twined linen, |
| BBE | And the twisted head-dress for Aaron, and beautiful head-dresses of linen, and linen trousers, |
Where they part company is מִצְנֶפֶת — see How Translations Differ.
The structure includes a main clause followed by two noun phrases, creating a list that emphasizes the significance of the priestly garments.
4 commentators on this verse
Jamieson, Ellicott, Cambridge, Whedon & more — read them ›
clause
verbשָׁזַר
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Exodus 39:28
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Priestly Garmentsgenerated
Exodus 39:28 is part of a detailed account of the garments made for Aaron and his sons, which were to be worn during their priestly duties. These garments were crafted from fine materials, symbolizing purity and the holiness required for their service in the tabernacle. The instructions for these garments reflect the importance of proper attire in approaching God, as seen in the broader context of Exodus 28:4–39.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Exodus 28:4–39 | These are the garments that they shall make: a breastpiece, an ephod, a robe, a woven tunic, a turban, and a sash. They are to make these holy garments for your brother Aaron and his sons, so that they may serve Me as priests. |
| 2 | Ezekiel 44:18 | They are to wear linen turbans on their heads and linen undergarments around their waists. They must not wear anything that makes them perspire. |
| 3 | Exodus 28:42 | Make linen undergarments to cover their bare flesh, extending from waist to thigh. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 3 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — מִצְנֶפֶת, ha.mitz.Ne.fetgenerated
The word מִצְנֶפֶת (mitz.Ne.fet) refers specifically to the turban worn by the high priest, symbolizing authority and dignity. It is derived from a root meaning to cover, which emphasizes its role in signifying the high priest's sacred status.
This noun is used exclusively in the context of priestly attire, indicating its significance in religious practices. The turban is not just a piece of clothing; it represents the high priest's role as a mediator between God and the people.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The main clause is governed by the finite verb structure that describes the items made for the priests. The sentence lists several noun phrases, each detailing specific garments, creating a rhythm that emphasizes the importance of each item.
The Hebrew word order places emphasis on the turban first, followed by the headbands and undergarments, highlighting the significance of the turban as the primary piece of the high priest's attire.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates מִצְנֶפֶת as κιδάρεις, which suggests a specific interpretation of the turban as a type of headgear. This choice reflects a broader understanding of priestly garments in Hellenistic culture.
The use of κιδάρεις indicates a focus on the ceremonial aspect of the attire, aligning with the Greek audience's understanding of priestly roles.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Exodus 39:28 describes the garments made for Aaron and his sons, including the turban, ornate headbands, and undergarments of fine linen. These items were crafted from high-quality materials, signifying the importance of their roles as priests.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
The turban symbolizes the high priest's authority and role in mediating between God and the people, marking him as set apart for sacred duties.
Fine linen is associated with purity and holiness, reflecting the need for the priests to be clean and properly attired in their service to God.
In addition to the turban, the priests wore ornate headbands and undergarments, all crafted from fine linen to signify their special status.
These garments were essential for the priests' service in the tabernacle, as they represented their holiness and the seriousness of their responsibilities.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What do the garments of the high priest teach us about the importance of preparation for worship?
- How can we apply the concept of being set apart for service in our own lives?
- In what ways can we ensure that we approach God with the reverence and respect He deserves?
- What does the use of fine materials in priestly garments say about God's standards for those who serve Him?
Commentators on this verse — 4 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Exodus 39:28 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryThey made shoulderpieces for it, to couple it together: by the two edges was it coupled together. No JFB commentary on these verses.
Read Robert Jamieson on Exodus 39 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(28) A mitre . . . and goodly bonnets.—The “mitre,” or rather “turban,” was for Aaron, the “goodly bonnets,” or rather “caps,” for his sons. (See the Notes on Exodus 28:36-40.) Linen breeches.—Rather, linen drawers. These were to be made both for Aaron and for his sons. (See Exodus 28:42-43.)
Read Charles John Ellicott on Exodus 39 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges28. the mitre] the turban (for the high-priest); see on Exodus 28:39. the goodly headtires] the ornamental caps (for ‘caps,’ see on Exodus 28:40); lit. the ornaments of (i.e. consisting in; G.-K. § 128m) caps. Pe’çr, ‘ornament,’ is however itself also specialized in the sense of ornamental cap: see Ezekiel 24:17; Ezekiel 44:18 (‘tires,’—of the priests, as here). The caps were for the ordinary priests. breeches] loin-cloths or drawers; see on Exodus 28:42-43.
Read Cambridge on Exodus 39 →Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the BibleTHE HOLY OF THE PRIESTS, Exodus 39:1-31 See notes on Exodus 28. ALL BROUGHT TO MOSES AND , Exodus 39:32-43.
Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Exodus 39 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
as well as the turban of fine linen, the ornate headbands and undergarments of finely spun linen,
the turban of fine linen, the linen headbands of fine linen, the linen trousers of fine twined linen,
as well as the turban of fine linen, the ornate headbands and undergarments of finely spun linen,
and the turban of fine linen, the headbands of fine linen, and the undergarments of fine twisted linen.
Tyndale line
And a mitre of fine linen, and goodly bonnets of fine linen, and linen breeches of fine twined linen,
and the mitre of fine linen, and the goodly head-tires of fine linen, and the linen breeches of fine twined linen,
and the mitre of fine linen, and the goodly headtires of fine linen, and the linen breeches of fine twined linen,
And a miter of fine linen, and goodly bonnets of fine linen, and linen breeches of fine twined linen,
And the miter of fine linen, and goodly bonnets of fine linen, and linen breeches of fine twined linen,
Strictly literal
and the turban of byssus; and the ornamental caps, of byssus; and the linen trousers, of twined byssus;
and the mitre of linen, and the beautiful bonnets of linen, and the linen trousers, of twined linen,
and the turban of linen, and the beautiful caps of linen, and the linen trousers, of twined linen,
And the mitre of linen, and the goodly bonnets of linen, and linen breeches of twisted linen thread.
They made the turban of fine linen, the ornate headbands of fine linen, the linen undergarments of fine linen,
From the Latin
And a girdle of fine twisted linen, violet, purple, and scarlet twice dyed, of embroidery work, as the Lord had commanded Moses.
Simplified
They also made turbans, headdresses, and headbands of fine linen, and finely-woven linen undershorts,
And the twisted head-dress for Aaron, and beautiful head-dresses of linen, and linen trousers,
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Samaritan Pentateuch agree on most terms, with the exception of the word for 'headdresses', where the Samaritan Pentateuch uses מגבעות instead of the MT's מִגְבָּעֹת. This difference highlights a variation in terminology for priestly headgear.
וְאֵת֙ הַמִּצְנֶ֣פֶת שֵׁ֔שׁ וְאֶת־ פַּאֲרֵ֥י הַמִּגְבָּעֹ֖ת שֵׁ֑שׁ וְאֶת־ מִכְנְסֵ֥י הַבָּ֖ד שֵׁ֥שׁ מָשְׁזָֽר׃
9 of the 12 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
ואת המצנפת שׁשׁ ואת פארי המגבעות שׁשׁ ואת מכנסי הבד שׁשׁ משׁזר
1 word differs from the Masoretic Text: מגבעות (head-gear)
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Exodus 39:28
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
אֵת (eth) is primarily a grammatical marker in Hebrew, indicating the definite direct object of a verb. It is not translated into English and typically precedes nouns that are definite. The word is derived from a demonstrative sense of entity, related to the Hebrew word for 'self.' Its Aramaic equivalent is יָת (yat).
אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
base
H853 אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
853 'eth ayth
apparent contracted from 226 in the demonstrative sense of
entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more
definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or
namely):--(as such unrepresented in English).
see HEBREW for 0226
אֵת (et) — [Obj.].
sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative
Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)
Conj | DirObjM — Conjunction · particleHC/To
מִצְנֶ֫פֶת (mitsnepheth) refers to the turban worn by the high priest, indicating a specific type of headgear associated with religious authority. It is derived from a root meaning to cover, and is synonymous with terms like diadem and mitre. The entries consistently emphasize its connection to the high priest's attire.
מִצְנֶ֫פֶת n.f. turban of high priest
base
H4701 מִצְנֶ֫פֶת turban of high priest
4701 mitsnepheth mits-neh'-feth
from 6801; a tiara, i.e. official turban (of a king or high
priest):--diadem, mitre.
see HEBREW for 06801
מִצְנֶ֫פֶת (mits.ne.phet) — turban.
turban (of the high priest)
Art | N-fs — Particle · noun common feminine singular absoluteHTd/Ncfsa
tur'-ban (Le 16:4 margin).
See DRESS, V.
שֵׁשׁ (shesh) refers to fine materials, primarily white linen or byssus, often associated with Egyptian textiles. It can also denote alabaster or similar stones like marble, indicating a range of meanings related to both fabric and stone. The entries suggest a connection to bleached or fine materials, but there is no significant disagreement among the lexicons.
שֵׁשׁ n.m. id. [שַׁ֫יִשׁ]; material of pavement
base
שֵׁשׁ n.m. byssus, fine Egyptian linen
base
H8336a שֵׁשׁ id. [שַׁ֫יִשׁ] H8336b שֵׁשׁ byssus, fine Egyptian linen
8336 shesh shaysh
or (for alliteration with 4897) shshiy {shesh-ee'}; for 7893;
bleached stuff, i.e. white linen or (by analogy) marble:--X
blue, fine ((twined)) linen, marble, silk.
see HEBREW for 04897
see HEBREW for 07893
שֵׁשׁ (shesh) — alabaster.
alabaster, similar stone, marble, material of pavement
שֵׁשׁ (shesh) — linen.
something bleached white, byssus, linen, fine linen
Adj — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa
lin'-en (badh, "white linen," used chiefly for priestly robes, buts, "byssus," a fine white Egyptian linen, called in the earlier writings shesh; pesheth, "flax," cadhin; bussos, othonion, linon, sindon): Thread or cloth made of flax.
1. History:
Ancient Egypt was noted for its fine linen (Ge 41:42; Isa 19:9). From it a large export trade was carried on with surrounding nations, including the Hebrews, who early learned the art of spinning from the Egyptians (Ex 35:25) and continued to rely on them for the finest linen (Pr 7:16; Eze 27:7). The culture of flax in Palestine probably antedated the conquest, for in
Linen
(1.) Heb., pishet, pishtah, denotes “flax,” of which linen is made (Isa. 19:9); wrought flax, i.e., “linen cloth”, Lev. 13:47, 48, 52, 59; Deut. 22:11.
Flax was early cultivated in Egypt (Ex. 9:31), and also in Palestine (Josh. 2:6; Hos. 2:9). Various articles were made of it: garments (2 Sam. 6:14), girdles (Jer. 13:1), ropes and thread (Ezek. 40:3), napkins (
cloth made from flax. Several different Hebrew words are rendered linen, which may denote different fabrics of linen or different modes of manufacture. Egypt was the great centre of the linen trade. Some linen, made form the Egyptian byssus , a flax that grew on the banks of the Nile, was exceedingly soft and of dazzling whiteness. This linen has been sold for twice its weight in gold. Sir J.G. Wilkinson says of it, "The quality of the fine linen fully justifies all the praises of antiquity, and excites equal admiration at the present day, being to the touch comparable to silk, and not inferior in texture to our finest cambric."
As is well known, is made of the fine fibers of flax, and was much used by the ancients. Four different words in Hebrew are translated in our Bible, "Linen," "fine linen," and "silk:" PISHTAH, Jud 15:14 Eze 44:17,18; BAD, worn by the priests, Ex 28:42 39:28, and by king David, etc., 2Sa 6:14; SHESH, worn by Joseph when governor of Egypt, Ge 41:42, and by the virtuous woman in Pr 31:22, (see SILK;) and BUTZ, of which the veil of the temple and David’s outer mantle were made,
אֵת (eth) is primarily a grammatical marker in Hebrew, indicating the definite direct object of a verb. It is not translated into English and typically precedes nouns that are definite. The word is derived from a demonstrative sense of entity, related to the Hebrew word for 'self.' Its Aramaic equivalent is יָת (yat).
אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
base
H853 אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
853 'eth ayth
apparent contracted from 226 in the demonstrative sense of
entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more
definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or
namely):--(as such unrepresented in English).
see HEBREW for 0226
אֵת (et) — [Obj.].
sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative
Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)
Conj | DirObjM — Conjunction · particleHC/To
פְּאֵר (pe'er) refers to a head-dress or turban, possibly originating from an ornamental item. The term is associated with embellishments and beauty, suggesting a decorative function. It is derived from a related root, פָּאַר (pa'ar), which also pertains to adornment.
פְּאֵר n.m. head-dress, turban (? orig. ornament)
base
H6287 פְּאֵר head-dress, turban (? orig. ornament)
6287 p'er peh-ayr'
from 6286; an embellishment, i.e. fancy head-dress:--beauty,
bonnet, goodly, ornament, tire.
see HEBREW for 06286
פְּאֵר (pe.er) — headdress.
head-dress, ornament, turban
N-mp — Noun common · masculine plural constructHNcmpc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
מִגְבָּעוֹת (migba`ah) refers to headgear or turbans, specifically associated with common priests. It is derived from a root meaning 'cap' and suggests a hemispherical shape. The term appears in contexts related to priestly attire, as noted in Exodus 28:40.
מִגְבָּעוֹת n.f.pl. head-gear, turban, of common priest (conical? cf. Di Ex 28:40)
base
H4021 מִגְבָּעוֹת n.f.pl. head-gear, turban, of common priest (conical? cf. Di Ex 28:40)
4021 migba`ah mig-baw-aw'
from the same as 1389; a cap (as hemispherical):--bonnet.
see HEBREW for 01389
מִגְבָּעוֹת (mig.ba.ah) — headgear.
turban, head-gear
Art | N-fp — Particle · noun common feminine plural absoluteHTd/Ncfpa
שֵׁשׁ (shesh) refers to fine materials, primarily white linen or byssus, often associated with Egyptian textiles. It can also denote alabaster or similar stones like marble, indicating a range of meanings related to both fabric and stone. The entries suggest a connection to bleached or fine materials, but there is no significant disagreement among the lexicons.
שֵׁשׁ n.m. id. [שַׁ֫יִשׁ]; material of pavement
base
שֵׁשׁ n.m. byssus, fine Egyptian linen
base
H8336a שֵׁשׁ id. [שַׁ֫יִשׁ] H8336b שֵׁשׁ byssus, fine Egyptian linen
8336 shesh shaysh
or (for alliteration with 4897) shshiy {shesh-ee'}; for 7893;
bleached stuff, i.e. white linen or (by analogy) marble:--X
blue, fine ((twined)) linen, marble, silk.
see HEBREW for 04897
see HEBREW for 07893
שֵׁשׁ (shesh) — alabaster.
alabaster, similar stone, marble, material of pavement
שֵׁשׁ (shesh) — linen.
something bleached white, byssus, linen, fine linen
Adj — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa
lin'-en (badh, "white linen," used chiefly for priestly robes, buts, "byssus," a fine white Egyptian linen, called in the earlier writings shesh; pesheth, "flax," cadhin; bussos, othonion, linon, sindon): Thread or cloth made of flax.
1. History:
Ancient Egypt was noted for its fine linen (Ge 41:42; Isa 19:9). From it a large export trade was carried on with surrounding nations, including the Hebrews, who early learned the art of spinning from the Egyptians (Ex 35:25) and continued to rely on them for the finest linen (Pr 7:16; Eze 27:7). The culture of flax in Palestine probably antedated the conquest, for in
Linen
(1.) Heb., pishet, pishtah, denotes “flax,” of which linen is made (Isa. 19:9); wrought flax, i.e., “linen cloth”, Lev. 13:47, 48, 52, 59; Deut. 22:11.
Flax was early cultivated in Egypt (Ex. 9:31), and also in Palestine (Josh. 2:6; Hos. 2:9). Various articles were made of it: garments (2 Sam. 6:14), girdles (Jer. 13:1), ropes and thread (Ezek. 40:3), napkins (
cloth made from flax. Several different Hebrew words are rendered linen, which may denote different fabrics of linen or different modes of manufacture. Egypt was the great centre of the linen trade. Some linen, made form the Egyptian byssus , a flax that grew on the banks of the Nile, was exceedingly soft and of dazzling whiteness. This linen has been sold for twice its weight in gold. Sir J.G. Wilkinson says of it, "The quality of the fine linen fully justifies all the praises of antiquity, and excites equal admiration at the present day, being to the touch comparable to silk, and not inferior in texture to our finest cambric."
As is well known, is made of the fine fibers of flax, and was much used by the ancients. Four different words in Hebrew are translated in our Bible, "Linen," "fine linen," and "silk:" PISHTAH, Jud 15:14 Eze 44:17,18; BAD, worn by the priests, Ex 28:42 39:28, and by king David, etc., 2Sa 6:14; SHESH, worn by Joseph when governor of Egypt, Ge 41:42, and by the virtuous woman in Pr 31:22, (see SILK;) and BUTZ, of which the veil of the temple and David’s outer mantle were made,
אֵת (eth) is primarily a grammatical marker in Hebrew, indicating the definite direct object of a verb. It is not translated into English and typically precedes nouns that are definite. The word is derived from a demonstrative sense of entity, related to the Hebrew word for 'self.' Its Aramaic equivalent is יָת (yat).
אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
base
H853 אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
853 'eth ayth
apparent contracted from 226 in the demonstrative sense of
entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more
definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or
namely):--(as such unrepresented in English).
see HEBREW for 0226
אֵת (et) — [Obj.].
sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative
Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)
HC/To — Conjunction · particleHC/To
מִכְנָס (miknac) refers to drawers or undergarments, specifically a type of priestly undergarment made of linen, as noted in Ezekiel 44:18. The term is derived from a root meaning to hide, indicating its function in concealing private parts. It appears only in the dual form, suggesting a pair.
[מִכְנָס] n.m. Ez 44:18 only du. (or pl.) drawers
base
H4370 [מִכְנָס] n.m. Ez 44:18 only du. (or pl.) drawers
4370 miknac mik-nawce'
from 3647 in the sense of hiding; (only in dual) drawers
(from concealing the private parts):--breeches.
see HEBREW for 03647
מִכְנָס (mikh.nas) — undergarment.
1) underwear, drawers, trousers
1a) a priestly undergarment of linen
N-mp — Noun common · masculine plural constructHNcmpc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
בַּד (bad) refers to white linen, with its derivation remaining uncertain. It is described as flaxen thread or yarn, which is used to make linen garments. The entries do not provide significant disagreement among lexicons.
בַּד, בָּ֑ד n.[m.] white linen (deriv. unknown)
base
H906 בַּד, בָּ֑ד n.[m.] white linen (deriv. unknown)
906 bad bad
perhaps from 909 (in the sense of divided fibres); flaxen
thread or yarn; hence, a linen garment:--linen.
see HEBREW for 0909
בַּד (bad) — linen.
linen, white linen
HTd/Ncmsa — Particle · noun common masculine singular absoluteHTd/Ncmsa
lin'-en (badh, "white linen," used chiefly for priestly robes, buts, "byssus," a fine white Egyptian linen, called in the earlier writings shesh; pesheth, "flax," cadhin; bussos, othonion, linon, sindon): Thread or cloth made of flax.
1. History:
Ancient Egypt was noted for its fine linen (Ge 41:42; Isa 19:9). From it a large export trade was carried on with surrounding nations, including the Hebrews, who early learned the art of spinning from the Egyptians (Ex 35:25) and continued to rely on them for the finest linen (Pr 7:16; Eze 27:7). The culture of flax in Palestine probably antedated the conquest, for in
Linen
(1.) Heb., pishet, pishtah, denotes “flax,” of which linen is made (Isa. 19:9); wrought flax, i.e., “linen cloth”, Lev. 13:47, 48, 52, 59; Deut. 22:11.
Flax was early cultivated in Egypt (Ex. 9:31), and also in Palestine (Josh. 2:6; Hos. 2:9). Various articles were made of it: garments (2 Sam. 6:14), girdles (Jer. 13:1), ropes and thread (Ezek. 40:3), napkins (
cloth made from flax. Several different Hebrew words are rendered linen, which may denote different fabrics of linen or different modes of manufacture. Egypt was the great centre of the linen trade. Some linen, made form the Egyptian byssus , a flax that grew on the banks of the Nile, was exceedingly soft and of dazzling whiteness. This linen has been sold for twice its weight in gold. Sir J.G. Wilkinson says of it, "The quality of the fine linen fully justifies all the praises of antiquity, and excites equal admiration at the present day, being to the touch comparable to silk, and not inferior in texture to our finest cambric."
As is well known, is made of the fine fibers of flax, and was much used by the ancients. Four different words in Hebrew are translated in our Bible, "Linen," "fine linen," and "silk:" PISHTAH, Jud 15:14 Eze 44:17,18; BAD, worn by the priests, Ex 28:42 39:28, and by king David, etc., 2Sa 6:14; SHESH, worn by Joseph when governor of Egypt, Ge 41:42, and by the virtuous woman in Pr 31:22, (see SILK;) and BUTZ, of which the veil of the temple and David’s outer mantle were made,
שֵׁשׁ (shesh) refers to fine materials, primarily white linen or byssus, often associated with Egyptian textiles. It can also denote alabaster or similar stones like marble, indicating a range of meanings related to both fabric and stone. The entries suggest a connection to bleached or fine materials, but there is no significant disagreement among the lexicons.
שֵׁשׁ n.m. id. [שַׁ֫יִשׁ]; material of pavement
base
שֵׁשׁ n.m. byssus, fine Egyptian linen
base
H8336a שֵׁשׁ id. [שַׁ֫יִשׁ] H8336b שֵׁשׁ byssus, fine Egyptian linen
8336 shesh shaysh
or (for alliteration with 4897) shshiy {shesh-ee'}; for 7893;
bleached stuff, i.e. white linen or (by analogy) marble:--X
blue, fine ((twined)) linen, marble, silk.
see HEBREW for 04897
see HEBREW for 07893
שֵׁשׁ (shesh) — alabaster.
alabaster, similar stone, marble, material of pavement
שֵׁשׁ (shesh) — linen.
something bleached white, byssus, linen, fine linen
HNcmsa — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa
lin'-en (badh, "white linen," used chiefly for priestly robes, buts, "byssus," a fine white Egyptian linen, called in the earlier writings shesh; pesheth, "flax," cadhin; bussos, othonion, linon, sindon): Thread or cloth made of flax.
1. History:
Ancient Egypt was noted for its fine linen (Ge 41:42; Isa 19:9). From it a large export trade was carried on with surrounding nations, including the Hebrews, who early learned the art of spinning from the Egyptians (Ex 35:25) and continued to rely on them for the finest linen (Pr 7:16; Eze 27:7). The culture of flax in Palestine probably antedated the conquest, for in
Linen
(1.) Heb., pishet, pishtah, denotes “flax,” of which linen is made (Isa. 19:9); wrought flax, i.e., “linen cloth”, Lev. 13:47, 48, 52, 59; Deut. 22:11.
Flax was early cultivated in Egypt (Ex. 9:31), and also in Palestine (Josh. 2:6; Hos. 2:9). Various articles were made of it: garments (2 Sam. 6:14), girdles (Jer. 13:1), ropes and thread (Ezek. 40:3), napkins (
cloth made from flax. Several different Hebrew words are rendered linen, which may denote different fabrics of linen or different modes of manufacture. Egypt was the great centre of the linen trade. Some linen, made form the Egyptian byssus , a flax that grew on the banks of the Nile, was exceedingly soft and of dazzling whiteness. This linen has been sold for twice its weight in gold. Sir J.G. Wilkinson says of it, "The quality of the fine linen fully justifies all the praises of antiquity, and excites equal admiration at the present day, being to the touch comparable to silk, and not inferior in texture to our finest cambric."
As is well known, is made of the fine fibers of flax, and was much used by the ancients. Four different words in Hebrew are translated in our Bible, "Linen," "fine linen," and "silk:" PISHTAH, Jud 15:14 Eze 44:17,18; BAD, worn by the priests, Ex 28:42 39:28, and by king David, etc., 2Sa 6:14; SHESH, worn by Joseph when governor of Egypt, Ge 41:42, and by the virtuous woman in Pr 31:22, (see SILK;) and BUTZ, of which the veil of the temple and David’s outer mantle were made,
שָׁזַר (shazar) is a Hebrew verb meaning to twist or be twisted, specifically in the Hoph. form. The entries indicate it primarily refers to the action of twisting, such as twisting a thread of straw.
[שָׁזַר] 21 vb. Hoph. be twisted
base
H7806 [שָׁזַר] Hoph. be twisted
7806 shazar shaw-zar'
a primitive root; to twist (a thread of straw):--twine.
שָׁזַר (sha.zar) — to twist.
1) to twist, be twisted
1a) (Hophal)
1a1) to be twisted
1a2) twisted (participle)
V-Hophal-Inf-c — Verb · Hophal · participle (passive) masculine singularHVHsmsa