2 Chronicles 27:4 — Word Study
WLCוְעָרִ֥ים בָּנָ֖ה בְּהַר־ יְהוּדָ֑ה וּבֶחֳרָשִׁ֣ים בָּנָ֔ה בִּֽירָנִיּ֖וֹת וּמִגְדָּלִֽים׃
BSAHe also builtbânâh■ [established, constructed] ◂citiesʻîyr [towns, settlements] in the hill countryhar [mountains, highlands] of JudahYᵉhûwdâh [the tribe, the region] and fortressesbîyrânîyth [strong buildings, castles] and towersmigdâl [elevated stages, watchtowers] in the forestschôresh [wooded areas, trees]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| וְעָרִ֥ים | and cities | Conjunction, noun common masculine plural absolute |
| בָּנָ֖ה | he built | Verb, Qal, perfect third person masculine singular |
| בְּהַר־ | in [the] hill country of | Preposition, noun common masculine singular construct |
| יְהוּדָ֑ה | Judah | Noun proper |
| וּבֶחֳרָשִׁ֣ים | and in the wooded areas | Conjunction, preposition, noun common masculine plural absolute |
| בָּנָ֔ה | he built | Verb, Qal, perfect third person masculine singular |
| בִּֽירָנִיּ֖וֹת | fortresses | Noun common, feminine plural absolute |
| וּמִגְדָּלִֽים׃ | and towers | Conjunction, noun common masculine plural absolute |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | He also built cities in the hill country of Judah and fortresses and towers in the forests. |
| KJV | Moreover he built cities in the mountains of Judah, and in the forests he built castles and towers. |
| ASV | Moreover he built cities in the hill-country of Judah, and in the forests he built castles and towers. |
| YLT | and cities he hath built in the hill-country of Judah, and in the forests he hath built palaces and towers. |
| WEB | Moreover he built cities in the hill country of Judah, and in the forests he built fortresses and towers. |
| BBE | In addition, he made towns in the hill-country of Judah, and strong buildings and towers in the woodlands. |
There are no notable differences in the translations regarding the key terms in this verse.
The sentence has a main clause with two prepositional phrases that elaborate on the locations and types of constructions.
6 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Trapp, Ellicott & more — read them ›
clause
verbבָּנָה
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — 2 Chronicles 27:4
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Reign of Jothamgenerated
2 Chronicles 27:4 describes Jotham's accomplishments as king of Judah, highlighting his efforts to strengthen the region through construction. This verse illustrates the importance of fortifications and settlements for both defense and community development. Jotham's actions set the stage for stability in Judah, as seen in the subsequent verses detailing his military successes and governance.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 Chronicles 11:5–10 | Rehoboam continued to live in Jerusalem, and he built up cities for defense in Judah. |
| 2 | 2 Chronicles 14:7 | So he said to the people of Judah, “Let us build these cities and surround them with walls and towers, with doors and bars. The land is still ours because we have sought the LORD our God. We have sought Him and He has given us rest on every side.” So they built and prospered. |
| 3 | 2 Chronicles 26:9–10 | Uzziah built towers in Jerusalem at the Corner Gate, the Valley Gate, and the angle in the wall, and he fortified them. |
| 4 | Joshua 14:12–13 | Now therefore give me this hill country that the LORD promised me on that day, for you yourself heard then that the Anakim were there, with great and fortified cities. Perhaps with the LORD’s help I will drive them out, as the LORD has spoken.” |
| 5 | Luke 1:39 | In those days Mary got ready and hurried to a town in the hill country of Judah, |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 5 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — עִיר, ve.'a.Rimgenerated
The Hebrew word עִיר (*'iyr*) refers to a city or town, often implying a fortified location. It can denote excitement or a place that is guarded or inhabited, suggesting a sense of community and protection. The parsing as a noun in the plural form indicates multiple cities, emphasizing Jotham's extensive building efforts.
In this context, the word highlights the strategic importance of urban centers in Judah, which would serve as hubs for trade, governance, and security. The use of עִיר in the plural suggests a significant expansion of Jotham's influence and the establishment of a network of fortified locations.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
Translations generally agree on the meaning of עִיר, rendered as cities in the BSB, KJV, ASV, YLT, WEB, and BBE.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The finite verb בָּנָ֖ה, he built, governs the main clause, indicating Jotham's actions. Two prepositional phrases follow, specifying where he built: בְּהַר־יְהוּדָה and בֶּחֳרָשִׁים, which elaborate on the geographical context of his constructions.
This structure emphasizes the dual focus on both urban and fortified developments in separate locations, showcasing Jotham's comprehensive approach to strengthening Judah.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates עִיר as πόλεις, meaning cities. This choice aligns with the Hebrew meaning while also suggesting a focus on urban centers.
The translation of בָּנָה as ᾠκοδόμησεν indicates a construction effort, reinforcing the idea of establishing strongholds in the region.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
2 Chronicles 27:4 tells us that Jotham built cities in the hill country of Judah and fortresses and towers in the forests. This shows his efforts to strengthen the region and provide security for its inhabitants.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
Building cities indicates Jotham's focus on developing urban centers that provide safety and community for the people of Judah.
Fortresses serve as defensive structures, protecting the inhabitants from potential threats and enemies.
The hill country provided strategic advantages for defense and visibility, making it an ideal location for building cities and fortifications.
Jotham's construction efforts demonstrate his commitment to the safety and prosperity of Judah, showcasing effective leadership in times of potential conflict.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What can we learn from Jotham's approach to building cities and fortifications?
- How might we apply the principles of community building in our own lives?
- In what ways can we strengthen our own communities today?
- What are some modern equivalents of fortresses that protect our communities?
Commentators on this verse — 6 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on 2 Chronicles 27:4 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleMoreover, he built cities in the mountains of Judah,.... In the mountainous part of it, the hill country of Judea, Lu 1:65, and in the forests he built castles and towers; for the safety of
Read John Gill on 2 Chronicles 27 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryMoreover he built cities in the mountains of Judah, and in the forests he built castles and towers.
Read Robert Jamieson on 2 Chronicles 27 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments2 Chronicles 27:4 Moreover he built cities in the mountains of Judah, and in the forests he built castles and towers.Ver. 4. He built castles and towers.] For defence against the invasion of enemies.
Read John Trapp on 2 Chronicles 27 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(4) Moreover.—Literally, and cities built he in the hill region of Judah. (Comp. 2 Chronicles 26:10.) Castles.—Bîrânîyôth; a term explained at 2 Chronicles 17:12. The contemporary prophets denounced the popular confidence in “fenced cities” as a kind of treason against Jehovah, who was Himself the shield and fortress of His people (Psalms 18:1; Isaiah 12:2). “Israel hath forgotten his Maker, and buildeth palaces; and Judah hath multiplied fenced cities: but I will send a fire upon his cities, and it shall devour the palaces thereof” (Hosea 8:14. Comp. Isaiah 2:15; Isaiah 17:3-4).
Read Charles John Ellicott on 2 Chronicles 27 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 4. Castles and towers.] These he built for the protection of the country people against marauders.
Read AdamClarke on 2 Chronicles 27 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges4. in the mountains] R.V. in the hill country; cp. Luke 1:39 (ἡὀ ?ñéíÞ). castles] Cp. 2 Chronicles 17:12 (note).
Read Cambridge on 2 Chronicles 27 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
He also built cities in the hill country of Judah and fortresses and towers in the forests.
Moreover he built cities in the hill country of Judah, and in the forests he built fortresses and towers.
He also built cities in the hill country of Judah and fortresses and towers in the forests.
He built cities in the hill country of Judah and fortresses and towers in the forests.
Tyndale line
Moreover he built cities in the mountains of Judah, and in the forests he built castles and towers.
Moreover he built cities in the hill-country of Judah, and in the forests he built castles and towers.
Moreover he built cities in the hill country of Judah, and in the forests he built castles and towers.
Moreover, he built cities in the mountains of Judah, and in the forests he built castles and towers.
Moreouer hee buylt cities in the mountaines of Iudah, and in the forests he buylt palaces and towres.
Strictly literal
And he built cities in the hill-country of Judah, and in the forests he built castles and towers.
and cities he hath built in the hill-country of Judah, and in the forests he hath built palaces and towers.
and he has built cities in the hill-country of Judah, and he has built palaces and towers in the forests.
Moreover he built cities in the mountain of Judah, and in the forests he built castles and towers.
Moreover he built cities in the hill country of Judah, and in the forests he built castles and towers.
From the Latin
Moreover he built cities in the mountains of Juda, and castles and towers in the forests.
Simplified
He built towns in the hill country of Judah, and fortresses and towers in the mountains and forests.
In addition, he made towns in the hill-country of Judah, and strong buildings and towers in the woodlands.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text states that he built cities in the hill country of Judah and fortresses and towers in the forests. The Septuagint aligns closely with the Masoretic Text, matching six of the eight words, though it presents them in a different order and structure, reflecting its own grammatical style. There are no significant differences in meaning between the two texts, indicating a strong agreement in this verse.
וְעָרִ֥ים בָּנָ֖ה בְּהַר־ יְהוּדָ֑ה וּבֶחֳרָשִׁ֣ים בָּנָ֔ה בִּֽירָנִיּ֖וֹת וּמִגְדָּלִֽים׃
6 of the 8 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in 2 Chronicles 27:4
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
The Hebrew word עִיר (*'iyr*) has meanings related to both excitement and city. It can denote excitement, particularly of terror or rage, as well as refer to a city or town, indicating a place that is guarded or inhabited. The entries suggest a broad application, from fortified cities to simple encampments. There is a specific mention of a man named Ir in 1 Chronicles 4:12.
עִיר n.[m.] excitement;—of terror; of rage
base
עִיר 1092 n.f. city, town
city, town, abode of men
of fortress in a city
appar. fortified place, of any size
base
H5892a עִיר excitement;—of terror; of rage H5892b עִיר city, town . city, town, abode of men
. of fortress in a city
. appar. fortified place, of any size
5892 `iyr eer
or (in the plural) par {awr}; or ayar (Judges 10:4)
{aw-yar'}; from 5782 a city (a place guarded by waking or a
watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or
post):--Ai (from margin), city, court (from margin), town.
see HEBREW for 05782
עִיר (ir) — excitement.
1) excitement, anguish
1a) of terror
עִיר (ir) — city.
1) city, town (a place of waking, guarded)
1a) city, town (a place of waking, guarded)
1a) city, town
עִיר (ir) — City (of On).
Combined with on (אֹן "On" H0204)
This name means city, town
Another name of on (אֹן "On" H0204)
עִיר (ir) — Ir-.
#A man of the tribe of Judah living at the time of Divided Monarchy, only mentioned at 1Ch.4.12;
son of: Tehinnah (H8468)
Conj | N-fp — Conjunction · noun common masculine plural absoluteHC/Ncmpa
The earliest notice in Scripture of city-building is of Enoch by Cain, in the land of his exile. (Genesis 4:17) After the confusion of tongues the descendants of Nimrod founded Babel, Erech, Accad and Calneh, in the land of Shinar, and Asshur, a branch from the same stock, built Nineveh, Rehoboth-by-the-river, Calah and Resen, the last being "a great city." The earliest description of a city, properly so called, is that of Sodom, (Genesis 19:1-22) Even before the time of Abraham there were cities in Egypt, (Genesis 12:14,15; Numbers 13:22) and the Israelites, during their sojourn there, were employed in building or fortifying the "treasure cities" of Pithom and Raamses.…
The Hebrew word בָּנָה (banah) means "to build" and encompasses various forms such as rebuilding, establishing, and making permanent. It can refer to physical construction, like building a house or family, as well as metaphorical uses, such as the establishment of restored exiles. The entries indicate that it can also imply being built up, particularly in the context of a childless wife becoming a mother.
בָּנָה 373 vb. build
Qal build
Niph.
be built
be rebuilt
(fig.) of restored exiles, = established
established, made permanent
base
H1129 בָּנָה build .build
.. . be built
. be rebuilt
. . (fig.) of restored exiles, = established
. established, made permanent
1129 banah baw-naw'
a primitive root; to build (literally and
figuratively):--(begin to) build(-er), obtain children, make,
repair, set (up), X surely.
בָּנָה (ba.nah) — to build.
1) to build, rebuild, establish, cause to continue
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to build, rebuild
1a2) to build a house (ie, establish a family)
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to be built
1b2) to be rebuilt
1b3) established (of restored exiles) (fig.)
1b4) established (made permanent)
1b5) to be built up (of childless wife becoming the mother of a family through the children of a concubine)
Aramaic equivalent: be.nah (בְּנָה "to build" H1124)
V-Qal-Perf-3ms — Verb · Qal · perfect third person masculine singularHVqp3ms
הַר (har) means 'mountain' or 'hill,' and can refer to a range of hills or hill-country. It is derived from a root that suggests elevation and can be used figuratively. The entries consistently highlight its geographical connotations without significant disagreement.
הַר 568 n.m. mountain, hill, hill-country
mountain, hill
hill-country, mountain-region
base
H2022 הַר mountain, hill, hill-country
2022 har har
a shortened form of 2042; a mountain or range of hills
(sometimes used figuratively):--hill (country), mount(-ain), X
promotion.
see HEBREW for 02042
הַר (har) — mountain: mount.
: mount/hill
hill, mountain, hill country, mount
הַר (har) — mountain: hill country.
: hill_country
hill, mountain, hill country, mount
A sub-meaning of har (הַר ": mount" H2022)
Prep | N-ms — Preposition · noun common masculine singular constructHR/Ncmsc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
יְהוּדָה (yehudah) means 'Judah' and is derived from a root meaning 'praised.' It refers to the son of Jacob and Leah, the tribe descended from him, and the territory they occupied. The term also encompasses the southern kingdom of Judah, which included the tribes of Judah and Benjamin. Additionally, it identifies various individuals, including Levites and overseers during the time of Ezra and Nehemiah.
יְהוּדָה 820 n.pr.m. et terr. Judah
n.pr.m.
son of Jacob and Leah
tribe descended from Judah
nation, of southern kingdom under dynasty of David, as distinguished from northern kingdom of Ephraim or Israel
Levite, Ezra’s time
an overseer of Jerus.
Levite musician
priest
n.pr.terr. land of Judah
base
H3063 יְהוּדָה Judah
3063 Yhuwdah yeh-hoo-daw'
from 3034; celebrated; Jehudah (or Judah), the name of five
Israelites; also of the tribe descended from the first, and of
its territory:--Judah.
see HEBREW for 03034
יְהוּדָה (ye.hu.dah) — Judah.
A man of the tribe of Judah living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.29.35;
son of: Israel (H3478) and Leah (H3812);
brother of: Reuben (H7205), Simeon (H8095), Levi (H3878), Issachar (H3485), Zebulun (H2074) and Dinah (H1783);
half-brother of: Dan (H1835H), Naphtali (H5321), Gad (H1410), Asher (H0836), Joseph (H3130) and Benjamin (H1144); married to Bath-shua (H1323I) and Tamar (H8559);
father of: Er (H6147), Onan (H0209), Shelah (H7956), Perez (H6557) and Zerah (H2226I)
§ Judah = "praised"
1) the son of Jacob by Leah
2) the tribe descended from Judah the son of Jacob
3) the territory occupied by the tribe of Judah
4) the kingdom comprised of the tribes of Judah and Benjamin which occupied the southern part of Canaan after the nation split upon the death of Solomon
5) a Levite in Ezra's time
N-proper — Noun properHNpl
Judah
Praise, the fourth son of Jacob by Leah. The name originated in Leah’s words of praise to the Lord on account of his birth: “Now will I praise [Heb. odeh] Jehovah, and she called his name Yehudah” (Gen. 29:35).
It was Judah that interposed in behalf of Joseph, so that his life was spared (Gen. 37:26, 27). He took a lead in the affairs of the family, and “prevailed above his brethren” (Gen. 43:3-10; 44:14, 16-34; 46:28; 1 Chr. 5:2).
Soon after the sale of Joseph to the Ishmaelites, Judah went to reside at Adullam, where he married a woman of Canaan. (See ONAN; TAMAR.) After the death of his wife Shuah, he returned to his father’s house, and there exercised much…
(praised, celebrated), the fourth son of Jacob and the fourth of Leah. (B.C. after 1753.) Of Judah’s personal character more traits are preserved than of any other of the patriarchs, with the exception of Joseph, whose life he in conjunction with Reuben saved. (Genesis 37:26-28) During the second visit to Egypt for corn it was Judah who understood to be responsible for the safety of Benjamin, ch. (Genesis 43:3-10) and when, through Joseph’s artifice, the brothers were brought back to the palace, he is again the leader and spokesman of the band. So too it is Judah who is sent before Jacob to smooth the way for him in the land of Goshen. ch. (Genesis 46:28) This ascendancy over his brethren is reflected in the last words…
The fourth son of Jacob and Leah, born in Mesopotamia, B. C. 1755, Ge 29:35. His name appears honorably in the history of Joseph, Ge 37:26,27 44:16-34; but disgracefully in that of Tamar his daughter-in-law, Ge 38:1-30. The dying benediction of Jacob foretells the superior power and prosperity of the family of Judah, and their continuance as chief of the Jewish race until the time of Christ, Ge 49:8-12. Though not the firstborn, Judah soon came to be considered as the chief of Jacob’s children, and his tribe was the most powerful and numerous. The southeastern part of Palestine fell to their lot. See JUDEA. On the border of their territory was Jerusalem, the seat of the…
the praise of the Lord; confession
חֹ֫רֶשׁ (choresh) refers to wood or a wooded area, suggesting a connection to forests. It is derived from a root that implies material for fabric, and its meanings include forest, bough, and shroud. The entries consistently describe it as relating to wooded heights or areas.
חֹ֫רֶשׁ n.m. wood, wooded height
base
H2793 חֹ֫רֶשׁ wood, wooded height
2793 choresh kho'-resh
from 2790; a forest (perhaps as furnishing the material for
fabric):--bough, forest, shroud, wood.
see HEBREW for 02790
חֹ֫רֶשׁ (cho.resh) — Horesh.
This name means wood, forest
חֹ֫רֶשׁ (cho.resh) — wood.
1) wood, wooded height, forest, wooded area.
Conj | Prep | N-mp — Conjunction · preposition · noun common masculine plural absoluteHC/Rd/Ncmpa
The Hebrew word בָּנָה (banah) means "to build" and encompasses various forms such as rebuilding, establishing, and making permanent. It can refer to physical construction, like building a house or family, as well as metaphorical uses, such as the establishment of restored exiles. The entries indicate that it can also imply being built up, particularly in the context of a childless wife becoming a mother.
בָּנָה 373 vb. build
Qal build
Niph.
be built
be rebuilt
(fig.) of restored exiles, = established
established, made permanent
base
H1129 בָּנָה build .build
.. . be built
. be rebuilt
. . (fig.) of restored exiles, = established
. established, made permanent
1129 banah baw-naw'
a primitive root; to build (literally and
figuratively):--(begin to) build(-er), obtain children, make,
repair, set (up), X surely.
בָּנָה (ba.nah) — to build.
1) to build, rebuild, establish, cause to continue
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to build, rebuild
1a2) to build a house (ie, establish a family)
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to be built
1b2) to be rebuilt
1b3) established (of restored exiles) (fig.)
1b4) established (made permanent)
1b5) to be built up (of childless wife becoming the mother of a family through the children of a concubine)
Aramaic equivalent: be.nah (בְּנָה "to build" H1124)
HVqp3ms — Verb · Qal · perfect third person masculine singularHVqp3ms
בִּירָנִית (biyraniyth) refers to a fortress or fortified place. It is derived from the root word for 'fortress' and is noted as a late term in the Hebrew language. The entries consistently define it as a stronghold or castle.
[בִּירָנִית] n.f. fortress, fortified place (late)
base
H1003 בִּירָנִית
1003 biyraniyth bee-raw-neeth'
from 1002; a fortress:--castle.
see HEBREW for 01002
בִּירָנִית (bi.ra.nit) — fortress.
fortress, fortified place
N-fp — Noun common · feminine plural absoluteHNcfpa
מִגְדָּל (migdal) primarily means 'tower,' indicating a structure that is tall or elevated. It can also refer to an elevated stage or pulpit and, in a figurative sense, to a raised bed of flowers. The word is derived from a root meaning height, and its usage spans various contexts in the Old Testament.
מִגְדָּל n.m. tower
tower
elevated stage, pulpit of wood
raised bed
base
H4026 מִגְדָּל tower . tower
. elevated stage, pulpit of wood
. raised bed
4026 migdal mig-dawl'
also (in plural) feminine migdalah {mig-daw- law'}; from
1431; a tower (from its size or height); by analogy, a
rostrum; figuratively, a (pyramidal) bed of flowers:--castle,
flower, tower. Compare the names following.
see HEBREW for 01431
מִגְדָּל (mig.dal) — (Hananel) Tower.
Combined with cha.nan.el (חֲנַנְאֵל " of Hananel" H2606)
This name means tower
מִגְדָּל (mig.dal) — Tower (of the Hundred).
Combined with me.ah (מֵאָה "hundred" H3968)
This name means tower
מִגְדָּל (mig.dal) — Tower (Of the Ovens).
This name means tower, elevated stage
מִגְדָּל (mig.dal) — tower.
1) tower
1a) tower
1b) elevated stage, pulpit
1c) raised bed
Conj | N-cp — Conjunction · noun common masculine plural absoluteHC/Ncmpa
Towers
Of Babel (Gen. 11:4), Edar (Gen. 35:21), Penuel (Judg. 8:9, 17), Shechem (9:46), David (Cant. 4:4), Lebanon (7:4), Syene (Ezek. 29:10), Hananeel (Zech. 14:10), Siloam (Luke 13:4). There were several towers in Jerusalem (2 Chr. 26:9; Ps. 48:12). They were erected for various purposes, as watch-towers in vineyard (Isa. 5:2;
Were erected not only in the outer walls and on the heights within cities, Jud 9:47-49 Ps 48:12 Lu 13:4, but along the frontiers of a country, at points where the approach of an enemy could be descried at a distance, Jud 9:17 Isa 21:6-9 Eze 33:2-6. A tower afforded a refuge to the surrounding inhabitants, in case of invasion; and often, when most of a city was subdued, the tower or citadel remained impregnable.
So God is a strong and safe protector of his people, Ps 18:2 61:8