Numbers 32:14
Numbers 32:14 in Multiple Translations
Now behold, you, a brood of sinners, have risen up in place of your fathers to further stoke the burning anger of the LORD against Israel.
And, behold, ye are risen up in your fathers’ stead, an increase of sinful men, to augment yet the fierce anger of the LORD toward Israel.
And, behold, ye are risen up in your fathers’ stead, an increase of sinful men, to augment yet the fierce anger of Jehovah toward Israel.
And now you have come to take the place of your fathers, another generation of sinners, increasing the wrath of the Lord against Israel.
Now look at you, you brood of sinners who have come to take your fathers' place to make the Lord even angrier with Israel!
And behold, ye are risen vp in your fathers steade as an encrease of sinfull men, still to augment the fierce wrath of the Lord, toward Israel.
'And lo, ye have risen in the stead of your fathers, an increase of men — sinners, to add yet to the fury of the anger of Jehovah toward Israel;
“Behold, you have risen up in your fathers’ place, an increase of sinful men, to increase the fierce anger of the LORD toward Israel.
And behold, ye have risen up in your fathers' stead, an increase of sinful men, to augment yet the fierce anger of the LORD towards Israel.
And behold, said he, you are risen up instead of your fathers, the increase and offspring of sinful men, to augment the fury of the Lord against Israel.
And you are acting like your ancestors did! You sinful Israeli people are going to cause Yahweh to be more angry with you than he was with our ancestors
Berean Amplified Bible — Numbers 32:14
BAB
Word Study
Hover over any word to see its amplified meaning. Click a word to explore its full definition and translation comparisons.
Amplified text is generated using scripting to tie together English translations for comparison. Always refer to the core BSB translation and original Hebrew/Greek text for accuracy. Anomalies may occur.
Numbers 32:14 Interlinear (Deep Study)
BIB
HEB
וְ/הִנֵּ֣ה
קַמְתֶּ֗ם
תַּ֚חַת
אֲבֹ֣תֵי/כֶ֔ם
תַּרְבּ֖וּת
אֲנָשִׁ֣ים
חַטָּאִ֑ים
לִ/סְפּ֣וֹת
ע֗וֹד
עַ֛ל
חֲר֥וֹן
אַף
יְהוָ֖ה
אֶל
יִשְׂרָאֵֽל
וְ/הִנֵּ֣ה
hinnêh
H2009
behold
Conj | Part
קַמְתֶּ֗ם
qûwm
H6965
-kamai
V-Qal-Perf-2mp
תַּ֚חַת
tachath
H8478
underneath
Prep
אֲבֹ֣תֵי/כֶ֔ם
ʼâb
H1
father
N-mp | Suff
תַּרְבּ֖וּת
tarbûwth
H8635
increase
N-fs
אֲנָשִׁ֣ים
ʼîysh
H376
man
N-mp
חַטָּאִ֑ים
chaṭṭâʼ
H2400
sinner
Adj
לִ/סְפּ֣וֹת
çâphâh
H5595
to snatch
Prep | V-Qal-Inf-a
ע֗וֹד
ʻôwd
H5750
still
Adv
עַ֛ל
ʻal
H5921
upon
Prep
חֲר֥וֹן
chârôwn
H2740
burning anger
N-ms
אַף
ʼaph
H639
face
DirObjM
יְהוָ֖ה
Yᵉhôvâh
H3068
The Lord
N-proper
אֶל
ʼêl
H413
to(wards)
Prep
יִשְׂרָאֵֽל
Yisrâʼêl
H3478
Israel
N-proper
Hebrew Word Study
Select any word above to explore its original meaning, root, and usage across Scripture.
Use ← → arrow keys to navigate between words.
Hebrew Word Reference — Numbers 32:14
וְ/הִנֵּ֣ה
hinnêh
H2009
"behold"
Conj | Part
This Hebrew word is an expression that means 'behold' or 'look', often used to draw attention to something. It appears in Genesis and Isaiah, and is translated as 'behold' or 'lo' in the KJV.
Definition: behold, lo, see, if
Usage: Occurs in 799 OT verses. KJV: behold, lo, see. See also: Genesis 1:29; Genesis 42:35; Deuteronomy 19:18.
קַמְתֶּ֗ם
qûwm
H6965
"-kamai"
V-Qal-Perf-2mp
Qum means to rise or stand up, used in various contexts like rising to power or standing firm, as seen in Jeremiah and Ezra.
Definition: Combined with lev (לֵב "Leb" H3820B) § -Kamai = "my adversary" Leb-kamai, i.e., people of Gambulai
Usage: Occurs in 596 OT verses. KJV: abide, accomplish, [idiom] be clearer, confirm, continue, decree, [idiom] be dim, endure, [idiom] enemy, enjoin, get up, make good, help, hold, (help to) lift up (again), make, [idiom] but newly, ordain, perform, pitch, raise (up), rear (up), remain, (a-) rise (up) (again, against), rouse up, set (up), (e-) stablish, (make to) stand (up), stir up, strengthen, succeed, (as-, make) sure(-ly), (be) up(-hold, -rising). See also: Genesis 4:8; Numbers 30:13; Ruth 4:10.
תַּ֚חַת
tachath
H8478
"underneath"
Prep
This Hebrew word means underneath or below, often used to describe physical locations or positions. It appears in various books, including Genesis, Exodus, and Psalms, to indicate something is under or beneath something else. The word has several related meanings.
Definition: : under/below 1) the under part, beneath, instead of, as, for, for the sake of, flat, unto, where, whereas n m 1a) the under part adv accus 1b) beneath prep 1c) under, beneath 1c1) at the foot of (idiom) 1c2) sweetness, subjection, woman, being burdened or oppressed (fig) 1c3) of subjection or conquest 1d) what is under one, the place in which one stands 1d1) in one's place, the place in which one stands (idiom with reflexive pronoun) 1d2) in place of, instead of (in transferred sense) 1d3) in place of, in exchange or return for (of things mutually interchanged) conj 1e) instead of, instead of that 1f) in return for that, because that in compounds 1g) in, under, into the place of (after verbs of motion) 1h) from under, from beneath, from under the hand of, from his place, under, beneath
Usage: Occurs in 450 OT verses. KJV: as, beneath, [idiom] flat, in(-stead), (same) place (where...is), room, for...sake, stead of, under, [idiom] unto, [idiom] when...was mine, whereas, (where-) fore, with. See also: Genesis 1:7; Deuteronomy 7:24; 1 Kings 20:42.
אֲבֹ֣תֵי/כֶ֔ם
ʼâb
H1
"father"
N-mp | Suff
In Hebrew, this word means father, whether literal or figurative. It is used to describe God as the father of his people, as well as human fathers like Abraham. The word is about a paternal relationship or authority.
Definition: 1) father of an individual 2) of God as father of his people 3) head or founder of a household, group, family, or clan 4) ancestor 4a) grandfather, forefathers - of person 4b) of people 5) originator or patron of a class, profession, or art 6) of producer, generator (fig.) 7) of benevolence and protection (fig.) 8) term of respect and honour 9) ruler or chief (spec.) Also means: av (אַב "father" H0002)
Usage: Occurs in 1060 OT verses. KJV: chief, (fore-) father(-less), [idiom] patrimony, principal. Compare names in 'Abi-'. See also: Genesis 2:24; Genesis 42:37; Leviticus 19:3.
תַּרְבּ֖וּת
tarbûwth
H8635
"increase"
N-fs
This word means increase or offspring, referring to the growth of a family or population. It's about having more children or descendants, like a family expanding. The Bible uses it to talk about multiplication.
Definition: increase, brood, progeny, offspring
Usage: Occurs in 1 OT verses. KJV: increase. See also: Numbers 32:14.
אֲנָשִׁ֣ים
ʼîysh
H376
"man"
N-mp
The Hebrew word for man, referring to a male person or individual, is used in the Bible to describe humans in contrast to God or animals, as seen in Genesis and Psalms. It can also mean husband or servant. In the KJV, it is translated as man or male.
Definition: : man 1) man 1a) man, male (in contrast to woman, female) 1b) husband 1c) human being, person (in contrast to God) 1d) servant 1e) mankind 1f) champion 1g) great man 2) whosoever 3) each (adjective)
Usage: Occurs in 1851 OT verses. KJV: also, another, any (man), a certain, [phrase] champion, consent, each, every (one), fellow, (foot-, husband-) man, (good-, great, mighty) man, he, high (degree), him (that is), husband, man(-kind), [phrase] none, one, people, person, [phrase] steward, what (man) soever, whoso(-ever), worthy. Compare H802 (אִשָּׁה). See also: Genesis 2:23; Genesis 42:25; Exodus 32:23.
חַטָּאִ֑ים
chaṭṭâʼ
H2400
"sinner"
Adj
This word describes someone who has committed a crime or sin, making them guilty. It is used to describe those who have broken God's laws. The KJV translates it as 'offender' or 'sinner'.
Definition: 1) sinners adj 2) sinful 3) exposed to condemnation, reckoned as offenders
Usage: Occurs in 19 OT verses. KJV: offender, sinful, sinner. See also: Genesis 13:13; Psalms 51:15; Psalms 1:1.
לִ/סְפּ֣וֹת
çâphâh
H5595
"to snatch"
Prep | V-Qal-Inf-a
This word means to snatch or sweep something away, like destroying or consuming it. It can also mean to gather or catch up something. The KJV translates it as consume, destroy, or add.
Definition: 1) to sweep or snatch away, catch up, destroy, consume 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to be snatched away 1a2) to sweep or snatch away 1b) (Niphal) 1b1) to be swept away, be destroyed 1b2) to be caught up, be captured 1c) (Hiphil) to catch up, gather
Usage: Occurs in 20 OT verses. KJV: add, augment, consume, destroy, heap, join, perish, put. See also: Genesis 18:23; 1 Samuel 27:1; Psalms 40:15.
ע֗וֹד
ʻôwd
H5750
"still"
Adv
The word 'still' means something continues or happens again, like in Genesis 29:26 and Isaiah 2:11. It can also mean 'more' or 'additionally'.
Definition: subst 1) a going round, continuance adv 2) still, yet, again, besides 2a) still, yet (of continuance or persistence) 2b) still, yet, more (of addition or repetition) 2c) again 2d) still, moreover, besides Aramaic equivalent: od (עוֹד "still" H5751)
Usage: Occurs in 459 OT verses. KJV: again, [idiom] all life long, at all, besides, but, else, further(-more), henceforth, (any) longer, (any) more(-over), [idiom] once, since, (be) still, when, (good, the) while (having being), (as, because, whether, while) yet (within). See also: Genesis 4:25; Judges 9:37; 2 Chronicles 32:16.
עַ֛ל
ʻal
H5921
"upon"
Prep
This Hebrew word means on or above something, like a physical object or a situation. It can also imply a sense of responsibility or accountability, as in being on behalf of someone.
Definition: prep 1) upon, on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against 1a) upon, on the ground of, on the basis of, on account of, because of, therefore, on behalf of, for the sake of, for, with, in spite of, notwithstanding, concerning, in the matter of, as regards 1b) above, beyond, over (of excess) 1c) above, over (of elevation or pre-eminence) 1d) upon, to, over to, unto, in addition to, together with, with (of addition) 1e) over (of suspension or extension) 1f) by, adjoining, next, at, over, around (of contiguity or proximity) 1g) down upon, upon, on, from, up upon, up to, towards, over towards, to, against (with verbs of motion) 1h) to (as a dative)
Usage: Occurs in 4493 OT verses. KJV: above, according to(-ly), after, (as) against, among, and, [idiom] as, at, because of, beside (the rest of), between, beyond the time, [idiom] both and, by (reason of), [idiom] had the charge of, concerning for, in (that), (forth, out) of, (from) (off), (up-) on, over, than, through(-out), to, touching, [idiom] with. See also: Genesis 1:2; Genesis 24:13; Genesis 41:33.
חֲר֥וֹן
chârôwn
H2740
"burning anger"
N-ms
This Hebrew word describes God's burning anger or fierce wrath, often used in the Bible to convey His intense emotions. It is used to describe God's anger towards sin and disobedience, and appears in various translations as sore displeasure or fury. This word emphasizes the seriousness of God's emotions.
Definition: 1) anger, heat, burning (of anger) 1a) always used of God's anger
Usage: Occurs in 40 OT verses. KJV: sore displeasure, fierce(-ness), fury, (fierce) wrath(-ful). See also: Exodus 15:7; Psalms 88:17; Psalms 2:5.
אַף
ʼaph
H639
"face"
DirObjM
This Hebrew word can mean face, but also anger or nose. It is used to describe someone's countenance or emotions, like anger or patience. In the Bible, it appears in various contexts, including descriptions of God's emotions.
Definition: : face 1) nostril, nose, face 2) anger
Usage: Occurs in 269 OT verses. KJV: anger(-gry), [phrase] before, countenance, face, [phrase] forebearing, forehead, [phrase] (long-) suffering, nose, nostril, snout, [idiom] worthy, wrath. See also: Genesis 2:7; Nehemiah 8:6; Psalms 2:5.
יְהוָ֖ה
Yᵉhôvâh
H3068
"The Lord"
N-proper
Yehovah is another name for God, often translated as 'the Lord'. It is a national name for God in the Jewish faith. This name is used throughout the Old Testament.
Definition: Another name of ye.ru.sha.laim (יְרוּשָׁלִַ֫ם, יְרוּשְׁלֵם "Jerusalem" H3389)
Usage: Occurs in 5522 OT verses. KJV: Jehovah, the Lord. Compare H3050 (יָהּ), H3069 (יְהֹוִה). See also: Genesis 2:4; Genesis 24:42; Exodus 8:8.
אֶל
ʼêl
H413
"to(wards)"
Prep
This Hebrew word means 'to' or 'toward', showing direction or movement. It appears in many books, including Genesis and Exodus, to indicate where someone is going. The KJV translates it in various ways, like 'about', 'according to', or 'against'.
Definition: 1) to, toward, unto (of motion) 2) into (limit is actually entered) 2a) in among 3) toward (of direction, not necessarily physical motion) 4) against (motion or direction of a hostile character) 5) in addition to, to 6) concerning, in regard to, in reference to, on account of 7) according to (rule or standard) 8) at, by, against (of one's presence) 9) in between, in within, to within, unto (idea of motion to)
Usage: Occurs in 4205 OT verses. KJV: about, according to, after, against, among, as for, at, because(-fore, -side), both...and, by, concerning, for, from, [idiom] hath, in(-to), near, (out) of, over, through, to(-ward), under, unto, upon, whether, with(-in). See also: Genesis 1:9; Genesis 21:14; Genesis 31:13.
יִשְׂרָאֵֽל
Yisrâʼêl
H3478
"Israel"
N-proper
Israel is the symbolic name of Jacob, also referring to his descendants. Jacob, son of Isaac and Rebekah, had 12 sons who became the tribes of Israel, as told in Genesis 25:26. His story is crucial to the Bible's narrative.
Definition: A man living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.25.26; son of: Isaac (H3327) and Rebekah (H7259); brother of: Esau (H6215); married to Rachel (H7354), Leah (H3812), Zilpah (H2153) and Bilhah (H1090A); father of: Reuben (H7205), Simeon (H8095), Levi (H3878), Judah (H3063), Dan (H1835H), Naphtali (H5321), Gad (H1410), Asher (H0836), Issachar (H3485), Zebulun (H2074), Dinah (H1783), Joseph (H3130) and Benjamin (H1144); also called Jacob frequently § Israel = "God prevails" 1) the second name for Jacob given to him by God after his wrestling with the angel at Peniel 2) the name of the descendants and the nation of the descendants of Jacob 2a) the name of the nation until the death of Solomon and the split 2b) the name used and given to the northern kingdom consisting of the 10 tribes under Jeroboam; the southern kingdom was known as Judah 2c) the name of the nation after the return from exile
Usage: Occurs in 2231 OT verses. KJV: Israel. See also: Genesis 32:29; Exodus 13:18; Exodus 40:38.
Study Notes — Numbers 32:14
Show Verse Quote Highlights
- Context
- Cross References
- Numbers 32:14 Summary
- Frequently Asked Questions
- Reflection Questions
- Gill's Exposition on Numbers 32:14
- Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Numbers 32:14
- Matthew Poole's Commentary on Numbers 32:14
- Trapp's Commentary on Numbers 32:14
- Cambridge Bible on Numbers 32:14
- Whedon's Commentary on Numbers 32:14
- Sermons on Numbers 32:14
Context — The Tribes East of the Jordan
12not one except Caleb son of Jephunneh the Kenizzite and Joshua son of Nun—because they did follow the LORD wholeheartedly.’
13The anger of the LORD burned against Israel, and He made them wander in the wilderness forty years, until the whole generation who had done evil in His sight was gone.
14Now behold, you, a brood of sinners, have risen up in place of your fathers to further stoke the burning anger of the LORD against Israel.
15For if you turn away from following Him, He will once again leave this people in the wilderness, and you will be the cause of their destruction.” 16Then the Gadites and Reubenites approached Moses and said, “We want to build sheepfolds here for our livestock and cities for our little ones.Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Luke 11:48 | So you are witnesses consenting to the deeds of your fathers: They killed the prophets, and you build their tombs. |
| 2 | Psalms 78:57 | They turned back and were faithless like their fathers, twisted like a faulty bow. |
| 3 | Matthew 23:31–33 | So you testify against yourselves that you are the sons of those who murdered the prophets. Fill up, then, the measure of the sin of your fathers. You snakes! You brood of vipers! How will you escape the sentence of hell? |
| 4 | Nehemiah 9:24–26 | So their descendants went in and possessed the land; You subdued before them the Canaanites dwelling in the land. You delivered into their hands the kings and peoples of the land, to do with them as they wished. They captured fortified cities and fertile land and took houses full of all goods, wells already dug, vineyards, olive groves, and fruit trees in abundance. So they ate and were filled; they grew fat and delighted in Your great goodness. But they were disobedient and rebelled against You; they flung Your law behind their backs. They killed Your prophets, who had admonished them to return to You. They committed terrible blasphemies. |
| 5 | Acts 7:51–52 | You stiff-necked people with uncircumcised hearts and ears! You always resist the Holy Spirit, just as your fathers did. Which of the prophets did your fathers fail to persecute? They even killed those who foretold the coming of the Righteous One. And now you are His betrayers and murderers— |
| 6 | Ezra 10:10 | Then Ezra the priest stood up and said to them, “You have been unfaithful by marrying foreign women, adding to the guilt of Israel. |
| 7 | Isaiah 57:4 | Whom are you mocking? At whom do you snarl and stick out your tongue? Are you not children of transgression, offspring of deceit, |
| 8 | Isaiah 65:6–7 | Behold, it is written before Me: I will not keep silent, but I will repay; I will pay it back into their laps, both for your iniquities and for those of your fathers,” says the LORD. “Because they burned incense on the mountains and scorned Me on the hills, I will measure into their laps full payment for their former deeds.” |
| 9 | Genesis 8:21 | When the LORD smelled the pleasing aroma, He said in His heart, “Never again will I curse the ground because of man, even though every inclination of his heart is evil from his youth. And never again will I destroy all living creatures as I have done. |
| 10 | Ezra 9:13–14 | After all that has come upon us because of our evil deeds and our great guilt (though You, our God, have punished us less than our iniquities deserve and have given us such a remnant as this), shall we again break Your commandments and intermarry with the peoples who commit these abominations? Would You not become so angry with us as to wipe us out, leaving no remnant or survivor? |
Numbers 32:14 Summary
[This verse, Numbers 32:14, is a warning to the new generation of Israelites that they are in danger of repeating the same mistakes as their fathers, who disobeyed God and faced His wrath, as seen in Numbers 14:1-45 and Deuteronomy 1:34-40. By following in their footsteps, they are provoking God's anger, just like their ancestors did. The Bible encourages us to learn from the past and follow God's commands, as seen in Psalm 78:1-8 and Joshua 24:15. By doing so, we can avoid the mistakes of our spiritual forefathers and live a life that is pleasing to God.]
Frequently Asked Questions
What does it mean to 'stoke the burning anger of the LORD' in Numbers 32:14?
To stoke the burning anger of the LORD means to provoke or increase God's wrath, as seen in Numbers 32:14, similar to what is described in Deuteronomy 29:27, where God's anger is kindled against those who disobey Him.
Why is the new generation of Israelites being called a 'brood of sinners'?
The term 'brood of sinners' in Numbers 32:14 indicates that the new generation has adopted the same sinful patterns as their fathers, who rebelled against God in the wilderness, as recorded in Numbers 14:1-45 and Psalm 95:10-11.
How does this verse relate to the concept of corporate responsibility in the Bible?
Numbers 32:14 illustrates the concept of corporate responsibility, where the sins of the fathers can affect their children, as seen in Exodus 34:6-7, and where the actions of one generation can impact the next, emphasizing the importance of obedience to God's commands.
What is the significance of the phrase 'in place of your fathers' in this verse?
The phrase 'in place of your fathers' in Numbers 32:14 signifies that the new generation has taken the place of their ancestors, and with it, they have also inherited the responsibility to follow God and avoid the mistakes of the past, as encouraged in Joshua 24:15 and Psalm 78:1-8.
Reflection Questions
- How can I ensure that I am not repeating the mistakes of my spiritual forefathers, and instead, following the path of obedience to God?
- In what ways can I 'stoke the burning anger of the LORD' in my own life, and how can I avoid it?
- What are some areas in my life where I may be adopting sinful patterns from my family or community, and how can I break free from them?
- How can I apply the concept of corporate responsibility in my own life, taking responsibility for my actions and their impact on future generations?
Gill's Exposition on Numbers 32:14
And, behold, ye are risen up in your fathers' stead,.... Succeeded them in their families, of which they were now the heads; and in their substance, their flocks, and herds; and he suggests also, in
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Numbers 32:14
And wherefore discourage ye the heart of the children of Israel from going over into the land which the LORD hath given them? No JFB commentary on these verses.
Matthew Poole's Commentary on Numbers 32:14
Succeeding your fathers, as in their places and estates, so also in their sins.
Trapp's Commentary on Numbers 32:14
Numbers 32:14 And, behold, ye are risen up in your fathers’ stead, an increase of sinful men, to augment yet the fierce anger of the LORD toward Israel.Ver. 14. An increase of sinful men.] A race of rebels; neither good egg nor bird; sin runs in a blood many times; ye seed of serpents, "ye generation of vipers, ye fill up the measure of your fathers’ sins" Domitius, the father of Nero, foretold the wickedness of his son; for it cannot be, said he, that of me and my wife, Agrippina, any good man should be born. When one complained that never father had so undutiful a child, Yes, said his son, with less grace than truth, my grandfather had. Dio, in Vita Neron.
Cambridge Bible on Numbers 32:14
14. an increase of sinful men] a brood of sinful men. In angry rebuke Moses uses a contemptuous term. The subst. is not found elsewhere in the O.T.; but a similar word (R.V. ‘increase’) occurs in 1 Samuel 2:33.
Whedon's Commentary on Numbers 32:14
14. An increase — A brood of sinners. Like begets like. Fierce anger — Burning of the wrath of Jehovah. Hebrews 12:29, note.
Sermons on Numbers 32:14
| Sermon | Description | |
|---|---|---|
|
Two Men Who Were Martyrs Able and Stephen by Svend Christensen | In this sermon, the preacher discusses the story of Cain and Abel from the book of Genesis. He emphasizes the importance of giving to God and the consequences of not doing so. The |
|
Our First Priority by Andrew Murray | Pastor Ray Stedman delves into the concept of 'suneudokeo,' which means to give hearty approval or consent to something, as seen in various Bible verses where individuals approve o |
|
O, That You Knew the Terms of Peace! by John Piper | In this sermon, the preacher emphasizes the importance of accepting Jesus as the king of one's life. He describes Jesus entering a rebel city on a donkey, knowing that the shouts o |
|
Militant Evangelism by Ray Comfort | In this sermon, the preacher tells a story of a father who risks his life to save his son from crocodile-infested waters. The preacher uses this story to emphasize the importance o |
|
(Titus - Part 11): Inspiration by Information by A.W. Tozer | In this sermon, the speaker begins by expressing his joy in seeing the work of God in the neighborhood through the Pioneer Girls program. He then addresses the perception of the ch |
|
Jeremiah - Prophet of the Last Days by Art Katz | In this sermon, the speaker discusses the significance of the last days for Israel and their eternal indebtedness to God's deliverance. He emphasizes the importance of examining an |
|
The Ten Virgins (Reading) by Robert Murray M'Cheyne | In this sermon, Reverend Robert Murray McChain focuses on the parable of the ten virgins from Matthew 25:1-13. He addresses the congregation, dividing them into two classes: the wi |