Ezekiel 27:17

Ezekiel 27:17 in Multiple Translations

Berean Standard Bible BSB

Judah and the land of Israel traded with you; they exchanged wheat from Minnith, cakes and honey, oil and balm for your merchandise.

King James Version KJV

Judah, and the land of Israel, they were thy merchants: they traded in thy market wheat of Minnith, and Pannag, and honey, and oil, and balm.

American Standard Version ASV

Judah, and the land of Israel, they were thy traffickers: they traded for thy merchandise wheat of Minnith, and pannag, and honey, and oil, and balm.

Bible in Basic English BBE

Judah and the land of Israel were your traders; they gave grain of Minnith and sweet cakes and honey and oil and perfume for your goods.

Free Bible Version FBV

Judah and the country of Israel traded with you, paying you with wheat from Minnith, pastries and honey, olive oil and balm in return for your goods.

Geneva Bible 1599 GNV

They of Iudah and of the land of Israel were thy marchants: they brought for thy marchandise wheat of Minnith, and Pannag, and honie and oyle, and balme.

Young's Literal Translation YLT

Judah and the land of Israel — they [are] thy merchants, For wheat of Minnith, and Pannag, And honey, and oil, and balm, They have given out thy merchandise.

World English Bible WEB

“‘“Judah and the land of Israel were your traders. They traded wheat of Minnith, confections, honey, oil, and balm for your merchandise.

Noah Webster Bible WBS

Judah, and the land of Israel, they were thy merchants: they traded in thy market in wheat of Minnith, and Pannag, and honey, and oil, and balm.

Douay-Rheims 1899 DRV

Juda and the land of Israel, they were thy merchants with the best corn: they set forth balm, and honey, and oil, and rosin in thy fairs.

Translation for Translators T4T

Men from Judah and Israel brought wheat from Minnith city in Ammon, and figs, honey, olive oil, and ointment to trade for your things.

Study Highlights

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Berean Amplified Bible — Ezekiel 27:17

BAB

Word Study

Hover over any word to see its amplified meaning. Click a word to explore its full definition and translation comparisons.

Amplified text is generated using scripting to tie together English translations for comparison. Always refer to the core BSB translation and original Hebrew/Greek text for accuracy. Anomalies may occur.

Ezekiel 27:17 Interlinear (Deep Study)

BIB

HEB יְהוּדָה֙ וְ/אֶ֣רֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל הֵ֖מָּה רֹכְלָ֑יִ/ךְ בְּ/חִטֵּ֣י מִ֠נִּית וּ/פַנַּ֨ג וּ/דְבַ֤שׁ וָ/שֶׁ֨מֶן֙ וָ/צֹ֔רִי נָתְנ֖וּ מַעֲרָבֵֽ/ךְ

יְהוּדָה֙ Yᵉhûwdâh H3063 Judah N-proper

וְ/אֶ֣רֶץ ʼerets H776 land Conj | N-cs

יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל Yisrâʼêl H3478 Israel N-proper

הֵ֖מָּה hêm H1992 they(masc.) Pron

רֹכְלָ֑יִ/ךְ râkal H7402 to trade V-Qal | Suff

בְּ/חִטֵּ֣י chiṭṭâh H2406 wheat Prep | N-fp

מִ֠נִּית Minnîyth H4511 Minnith N-proper

וּ/פַנַּ֨ג pannag H6436 cake Conj | N-ms

וּ/דְבַ֤שׁ dᵉbash H1706 honey Conj | N-ms

וָ/שֶׁ֨מֶן֙ shemen H8081 oil Conj | N-ms

וָ/צֹ֔רִי tsᵉrîy H6875 balsam Conj | N-ms

נָתְנ֖וּ nâthan H5414 to give V-Qal-Perf-3cp

מַעֲרָבֵֽ/ךְ maʻărâb H4627 merchandise N-ms | Suff

Hebrew Word Study

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Hebrew Word Reference — Ezekiel 27:17

יְהוּדָה֙ Yᵉhûwdâh H3063 "Judah" N-proper

Judah is the name of the tribe descended from Judah, the son of Jacob. It is also the name of the region where the tribe lived. The name means 'praised' and is first mentioned in Genesis.

Definition: § Judah = "praised" the tribe descended from Judah the son of Jacob

Usage: Occurs in 754 OT verses. KJV: Judah. See also: Genesis 29:35; 1 Samuel 23:3; 2 Kings 14:13.

וְ/אֶ֣רֶץ ʼerets H776 "land" Conj | N-cs

The land or earth refers to the soil or ground, and can also mean a country, territory, or region. In the Bible, it is used to describe the earth and its inhabitants, and is often translated as 'land' or 'country'.

Definition: : soil 1) land, earth 1a) earth 1a1) whole earth (as opposed to a part) 1a2) earth (as opposed to heaven) 1a3) earth (inhabitants) 1b) land 1b1) country, territory 1b2) district, region 1b3) tribal territory 1b4) piece of ground 1b5) land of Canaan, Israel 1b6) inhabitants of land 1b7) Sheol, land without return, (under) world 1b8) city (-state) 1c) ground, surface of the earth 1c1) ground 1c2) soil 1d) (in phrases) 1d1) people of the land 1d2) space or distance of country (in measurements of distance) 1d3) level or plain country 1d4) land of the living 1d5) end(s) of the earth 1e) (almost wholly late in usage) 1e1) lands, countries 1e1a) often in contrast to Canaan

Usage: Occurs in 2190 OT verses. KJV: [idiom] common, country, earth, field, ground, land, [idiom] natins, way, [phrase] wilderness, world. See also: Genesis 1:1; Genesis 18:18; Genesis 42:13.

יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל Yisrâʼêl H3478 "Israel" N-proper

Israel is the symbolic name of Jacob, also referring to his descendants. Jacob, son of Isaac and Rebekah, had 12 sons who became the tribes of Israel, as told in Genesis 25:26. His story is crucial to the Bible's narrative.

Definition: A man living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.25.26; son of: Isaac (H3327) and Rebekah (H7259); brother of: Esau (H6215); married to Rachel (H7354), Leah (H3812), Zilpah (H2153) and Bilhah (H1090A); father of: Reuben (H7205), Simeon (H8095), Levi (H3878), Judah (H3063), Dan (H1835H), Naphtali (H5321), Gad (H1410), Asher (H0836), Issachar (H3485), Zebulun (H2074), Dinah (H1783), Joseph (H3130) and Benjamin (H1144); also called Jacob frequently § Israel = "God prevails" 1) the second name for Jacob given to him by God after his wrestling with the angel at Peniel 2) the name of the descendants and the nation of the descendants of Jacob 2a) the name of the nation until the death of Solomon and the split 2b) the name used and given to the northern kingdom consisting of the 10 tribes under Jeroboam; the southern kingdom was known as Judah 2c) the name of the nation after the return from exile

Usage: Occurs in 2231 OT verses. KJV: Israel. See also: Genesis 32:29; Exodus 13:18; Exodus 40:38.

הֵ֖מָּה hêm H1992 "they(masc.)" Pron

This Hebrew word is used to refer to a group of men, emphasizing that it is specifically them. It is often translated as 'they' or 'them' in the Bible, and appears in books like Exodus and Isaiah.

Definition: they, these, the same, who

Usage: Occurs in 524 OT verses. KJV: it, like, [idiom] (how, so) many (soever, more as) they (be), (the) same, [idiom] so, [idiom] such, their, them, these, they, those, which, who, whom, withal, ye. See also: Genesis 3:7; Deuteronomy 19:17; 2 Kings 1:18.

רֹכְלָ֑יִ/ךְ râkal H7402 "to trade" V-Qal | Suff

To trade means to travel for business, exchanging goods or services. In the Bible, it describes a merchant or trader who goes about selling spices or other commodities. The KJV translates it as merchant.

Definition: 1) to go about (meaning uncertain) 1a) (Qal) trafficker, trader (participle) (subst)

Usage: Occurs in 15 OT verses. KJV: (spice) merchant. See also: 1 Kings 10:15; Ezekiel 27:13; Nahum 3:16.

בְּ/חִטֵּ֣י chiṭṭâh H2406 "wheat" Prep | N-fp

This word means wheat, whether the plant or the grain. It is used in the Bible to describe fields of wheat, like those in the story of Ruth and Boaz.

Definition: 1) wheat 1a) wheat (plant) 1b) wheat flour Aramaic equivalent: chin.tah (חִנְטָה "wheat" H2591)

Usage: Occurs in 30 OT verses. KJV: wheat(-en). See also: Genesis 30:14; 1 Chronicles 21:23; Psalms 81:17.

מִ֠נִּית Minnîyth H4511 "Minnith" N-proper

Minnith is a place east of the Jordan River, mentioned in the book of Ezekiel. It was part of the Ammonite territory. The name Minnith means distribution.

Definition: § Minnith = "distribution" a place east of the Jordan in Ammonite territory

Usage: Occurs in 2 OT verses. KJV: Minnith. See also: Judges 11:33; Ezekiel 27:17.

וּ/פַנַּ֨ג pannag H6436 "cake" Conj | N-ms

Pannag is a type of food, likely a sweet pastry or cake, mentioned in the Bible. However, its exact meaning and ingredients are uncertain, leaving room for interpretation and speculation.

Definition: 1) Pannag-an edible food, perhaps pastry 1a) meaning uncertain

Usage: Occurs in 1 OT verses. KJV: Pannag. See also: Ezekiel 27:17.

וּ/דְבַ֤שׁ dᵉbash H1706 "honey" Conj | N-ms

In the Bible, this word means honey, a sweet and valuable food. It was used to describe the Promised Land as a place of abundance and blessing, flowing with milk and honey. The word also appears in stories of bees and honey production.

Definition: honey

Usage: Occurs in 54 OT verses. KJV: honey(-comb). See also: Genesis 43:11; 1 Samuel 14:29; Psalms 19:11.

וָ/שֶׁ֨מֶן֙ shemen H8081 "oil" Conj | N-ms

The Hebrew word for oil, often referring to olive oil, which was highly valued in ancient times. It symbolizes richness, anointing, and healing, and is used in various biblical contexts, including rituals and medicinal practices.

Definition: 1) fat, oil 1a) fat, fatness 1b) oil, olive oil 1b1) as staple, medicament or unguent 1b2) for anointing 1c) fat (of fruitful land, valleys) (metaph)

Usage: Occurs in 176 OT verses. KJV: anointing, [idiom] fat (things), [idiom] fruitful, oil(-ed), ointment, olive, [phrase] pine. See also: Genesis 28:18; Deuteronomy 8:8; Psalms 23:5.

וָ/צֹ֔רִי tsᵉrîy H6875 "balsam" Conj | N-ms

This word refers to a type of balsam, a fragrant resin used for medicine and trade. It was a valuable commodity in ancient times, used to heal and perfume.

Definition: 1) a kind of balsam, balm, salve 1a) as merchandise 1b) as medicine

Usage: Occurs in 6 OT verses. KJV: balm. See also: Genesis 37:25; Jeremiah 46:11; Jeremiah 8:22.

נָתְנ֖וּ nâthan H5414 "to give" V-Qal-Perf-3cp

This word means to give, put, or set something, with a wide range of applications. It appears in many books, including Genesis and Exodus, describing God's actions and human interactions. The word is used to convey giving, selling, or exchanging something.

Definition: : give/deliver/send/produce 1) to give, put, set 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to give, bestow, grant, permit, ascribe, employ, devote, consecrate, dedicate, pay wages, sell, exchange, lend, commit, entrust, give over, deliver up, yield produce, occasion, produce, requite to, report, mention, utter, stretch out, extend 1a2) to put, set, put on, put upon, set, appoint, assign, designate 1a3) to make, constitute 1b) (Niphal) 1b1) to be given, be bestowed, be provided, be entrusted to, be granted to, be permitted, be issued, be published, be uttered, be assigned 1b2) to be set, be put, be made, be inflicted 1c) (Hophal) 1c1) to be given, be bestowed, be given up, be delivered up 1c2) to be put upon

Usage: Occurs in 1816 OT verses. KJV: add, apply, appoint, ascribe, assign, [idiom] avenge, [idiom] be (healed), bestow, bring (forth, hither), cast, cause, charge, come, commit, consider, count, [phrase] cry, deliver (up), direct, distribute, do, [idiom] doubtless, [idiom] without fail, fasten, frame, [idiom] get, give (forth, over, up), grant, hang (up), [idiom] have, [idiom] indeed, lay (unto charge, up), (give) leave, lend, let (out), [phrase] lie, lift up, make, [phrase] O that, occupy, offer, ordain, pay, perform, place, pour, print, [idiom] pull, put (forth), recompense, render, requite, restore, send (out), set (forth), shew, shoot forth (up), [phrase] sing, [phrase] slander, strike, (sub-) mit, suffer, [idiom] surely, [idiom] take, thrust, trade, turn, utter, [phrase] weep, [phrase] willingly, [phrase] withdraw, [phrase] would (to) God, yield. See also: Genesis 1:17; Genesis 40:21; Exodus 30:12.

מַעֲרָבֵֽ/ךְ maʻărâb H4627 "merchandise" N-ms | Suff

Merchandise is the exchange of goods or trade, like buying and selling. In the Bible, it is mentioned in the book of Ezekiel as a major part of commerce. The KJV translation uses the term market to describe it.

Definition: merchandise, articles of exchange

Usage: Occurs in 8 OT verses. KJV: market, merchandise. See also: Ezekiel 27:9; Ezekiel 27:25; Ezekiel 27:34.

Study Notes — Ezekiel 27:17

Show Verse Quote Highlights

Context
Cross References
Ezekiel 27:17 Summary
Frequently Asked Questions
Reflection Questions
Gill's Exposition on Ezekiel 27:17
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Ezekiel 27:17
Matthew Poole's Commentary on Ezekiel 27:17
Trapp's Commentary on Ezekiel 27:17
Ellicott's Commentary on Ezekiel 27:17
Adam Clarke's Commentary on Ezekiel 27:17
Cambridge Bible on Ezekiel 27:17
Whedon's Commentary on Ezekiel 27:17
Sermons on Ezekiel 27:17

Context — A Lament for Tyre

15The men of Dedan were your clients; many coastlands were your market; they paid you with ivory tusks and ebony. 16Aram was your customer because of your many products; they exchanged turquoise, purple, embroidered work, fine linen, coral, and rubies for your wares.

17Judah and the land of Israel traded with you; they exchanged wheat from Minnith, cakes and honey, oil and balm for your merchandise.

18Because of your many products and your great wealth of goods, Damascus traded with you wine from Helbon, wool from Zahar, 19and casks of wine from Izal for your wares. Wrought iron, cassia, and sweet cane were exchanged for your merchandise.

Cross References

	Reference	Text (BSB)
1	Judges 11:33	With a great blow he devastated twenty cities from Aroer to the vicinity of Minnith, as far as Abel-keramim. So the Ammonites were subdued before the Israelites.
2	1 Kings 5:9	My servants will haul the logs from Lebanon to the Sea, and I will float them as rafts by sea to the place you specify. There I will separate the logs, and you can take them away. And in exchange, you can meet my needs by providing my household with food.”
3	Jeremiah 8:22	Is there no balm in Gilead? Is no physician there? Why then has the health of the daughter of my people not been restored?
4	Ezra 3:7	They gave money to the masons and carpenters, and food and drink and oil to the people of Sidon and Tyre to bring cedar logs from Lebanon to Joppa by sea, as authorized by Cyrus king of Persia.
5	Acts 12:20	Now Herod was in a furious dispute with the people of Tyre and Sidon, and they convened before him. Having secured the support of Blastus, the king’s chamberlain, they asked for peace, because their region depended on the king’s country for food.
6	2 Chronicles 2:10	I will pay your servants, the woodcutters, 20,000 cors of ground wheat, 20,000 cors of barley, 20,000 baths of wine, and 20,000 baths of olive oil. ”
7	Deuteronomy 32:14	with curds from the herd and milk from the flock, with the fat of lambs, with rams from Bashan, and goats, with the choicest grains of wheat. From the juice of the finest grapes you drank the wine.
8	Genesis 43:11	Then their father Israel said to them, “If it must be so, then do this: Put some of the best products of the land in your packs and carry them down as a gift for the man—a little balm and a little honey, spices and myrrh, pistachios and almonds.
9	Deuteronomy 8:8	a land of wheat, barley, vines, fig trees, and pomegranates; a land of olive oil and honey;

Ezekiel 27:17 Summary

Ezekiel 27:17 tells us about the trade between Judah, Israel, and the city of Tyre, where they exchanged goods like wheat, cakes, and honey for other valuable items. This shows how different regions and countries relied on each other for the things they needed, similar to how we trade with other countries today (1 Kings 10:28). The variety of goods mentioned reminds us of the importance of hard work and provision in our lives, as seen in 2 Thessalonians 3:10-12. By trusting in God's sovereignty over all things, including our economies, we can have peace and contentment, regardless of our circumstances, as promised in Philippians 4:19 and Matthew 6:25-34.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the significance of Judah and the land of Israel trading with Tyre in Ezekiel 27:17?

This trade signifies the economic interconnectedness of the region, with Judah and Israel providing essential goods like wheat, cakes, and honey, as seen in Ezekiel 27:17, similar to the trade described in 1 Kings 5:9-11 where Israel traded with Tyre during the reign of Solomon.

What is the location of Minnith and why is it mentioned in Ezekiel 27:17?

Minnith is believed to be a region in the land of Israel, possibly in the area of modern-day Jordan, known for its wheat production, and its mention in Ezekiel 27:17 highlights the variety of goods Israel had to offer in trade, as also seen in 2 Chronicles 2:10 where wheat is listed as one of the items Solomon traded with Hiram.

How does this trade between Judah, Israel, and Tyre relate to the broader biblical theme of God's sovereignty over nations?

This trade, as described in Ezekiel 27:17, demonstrates God's sovereignty over nations, as He orchestrates the rise and fall of economies and empires, as proclaimed in Daniel 4:17 and Isaiah 40:15-17, where God's control over the nations is clearly stated.

What can we learn from the variety of goods exchanged in Ezekiel 27:17 about the nature of commerce and trade in ancient times?

The variety of goods, including wheat, cakes, honey, oil, and balm, exchanged in Ezekiel 27:17, shows the complexity and diversity of ancient trade, similar to the descriptions found in Ezekiel 28:13-14, where precious stones and metals are mentioned, highlighting the richness of commercial interactions in the ancient world.

Reflection Questions

How does the trade between Judah, Israel, and Tyre in Ezekiel 27:17 reflect the importance of economic relationships in our own lives and communities?
What can we learn from the specific goods mentioned in Ezekiel 27:17, such as wheat and honey, about the value of hard work and provision in our lives?
In what ways can we, like Judah and Israel, use our skills and resources to contribute to the greater good and glorify God, as seen in Colossians 3:17 and 1 Corinthians 10:31?
How does the mention of Tyre's extensive trade network in Ezekiel 27:17 remind us of God's desire for His people to be a light to the nations, as stated in Isaiah 49:6 and Acts 13:47?
What role does faith and trust in God play in our own economic decisions and relationships, as encouraged in Proverbs 3:5-6 and Matthew 6:25-34?

Gill's Exposition on Ezekiel 27:17

Judah, and the land of Israel, they were thy merchants,.... The inhabitants of Judah and Israel; the two tribes of Judah and Benjamin, and the other ten tribes of Israel, they all merchandised with

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Ezekiel 27:17

Judah, and the land of Israel, they were thy merchants: they traded in thy market wheat of Minnith, and Pannag, and honey, and oil, and balm.

Matthew Poole's Commentary on Ezekiel 27:17

Judah; the two tribes, or kingdom of Judah. The land of Israel; the kingdom of Israel, or the ten tribes until their dispersion. Minnith; the name of some rich and excellent wheat country; it is mentioned in , on occasion of Jephthah’ s slaying the Ammonites, as lying on their borders, and it is said there is a town of that name still in being about four miles from Esbus, (or Sabasant as now called,) in the way toward Philadelphia, formerly Rubbath. Pannag: some doubt whether this be a proper name of any country or region, but if it is, they conclude it must be Phenicia, but do not tell us how Judah and Israel should trade their wheat in Tyre market; it may be it was some more obscure place, which now is forgotten. Honey; with which Canaan flowed. Oil; in making and selling whereof the labour, care, and profit of that country did lie. Balm; the choicest balms were those of Gilead, whence it is probable it was carried to Tyre; or it may be it was rosin, of which they had great use. The Chaldee paraphrast interprets it by the word that denotes wax, and so it may possibly be; a good commodity in Tyre.

Trapp's Commentary on Ezekiel 27:17

Ezekiel 27:17 Judah, and the land of Israel, they [were] thy merchants: they traded in thy market wheat of Minnith, and Pannag, and honey, and oil, and balm.Ver. 17. Wheat of Minnith.] Where the best grew, even the kidneys of wheat, as Moses hath it. Pannag.] Rosin or balsam, whereof Judea yielded the best in the whole world. For the wine of Helbon,] i.e., Of Aleppo, say some, famous then for wine, now for milk, whence also it hath its name, for the Turks call milk alep; and if the Via lactea Milky Way were on earth, it would be found there, saith one.

Ellicott's Commentary on Ezekiel 27:17

(17) Minnith, and Pannag.—Minnith was in Ammon (Judges 11:33), rich in wheat (2 Chronicles 27:5), and the Tyrians obtained its products through the Israelites. Pannag is unknown; it is even uncertain whether it is a proper name at all, or some sweet confection, as grape syrup.

Adam Clarke's Commentary on Ezekiel 27:17

Verse 17. Judah, and the land of Israel - traded in thy market wheat] The words have been understood as articles of merchandise, not names of places. So the Jews traded with the Tyrians in wheat, stacte, balsam, honey, oil, and resin.

Cambridge Bible on Ezekiel 27:17

17. Judah and the land of Israel furnished Tyre with wheat, honey, oil and balsam. traded in thy market wheat] they brought as thy wares wheat. Minnith is supposed to be the Ammonitish place of that name (Judges 11:33). There is something unnatural, however, in Judah and Israel bringing an Ammonitish product to Tyre. It is their own productions that the nations bring, or at least the articles are assumed to be their own. LXX. renders “ointments;” and Corn, conjectures “spices” (Genesis 43:11; Isaiah 39:2; 2 Kings 20:13). The term “pannag” is otherwise unknown; R.V. marg. suggests a kind of confection (Targ.), while Corn, conjectures “wax” (donag). The “honey” referred to is no doubt that of bees, not grape honey. The “balm” mentioned, a product of Gilead (Jeremiah 8:22), and of Palestine (Genesis 43:11), was not the genuine balm, which was peculiar to Arabia, but an odoriferous resin (LXX. Vulg.) exuding from the mastix tree (Pistaccia lentiscus).

Whedon's Commentary on Ezekiel 27:17

17. Minnith, and Pannag — The Minnith mentioned here is probably not the Amorite town mentioned in Judges 11:33 (vs. Bertholet, etc.), but may be the thing after which the town was named.

Sermons on Ezekiel 27:17

	Sermon	Description
	Broken or Brokenness by Leonard Ravenhill	In this sermon, the preacher emphasizes the importance of prayer and intercession. He mentions how young people are leaving their careers to go to the mission field because of the
	Practical Aspects of the Holy Spirit - Promise of a Father by A.W. Tozer	In this sermon, the speaker discusses three periods in the disciples' journey after Jesus' departure. The first period is characterized by Jesus intensifying His teaching and prepa
	Balm in Gilead by J.C. Philpot	J.C. Philpot preaches about the desperate state of God's people, emphasizing the deep wounds of sin and the need for a profound realization of one's sinful nature to fully apprecia
	Make Time to Pray by A.W. Tozer	A.W. Tozer emphasizes the necessity of making time for prayer amidst our busy lives, drawing parallels with the dedication of Jesus and Martin Luther, who prioritized prayer even w
	Causes of the Inefficiency of Christianity by John Wesley	John Wesley addresses the inefficiency of Christianity, questioning why it has not brought about the spiritual healing it promises. He highlights the widespread ignorance of true C
	Hearken Unto the Voice of the Lord Thy God by A.B. Simpson	A.B. Simpson emphasizes the necessity of trusting in the Great Physician, Jesus Christ, for healing. He explains that true healing requires implicit faith in God's promises and obe
	How to Be "Led by the Spirit" by Shane Idleman	Shane Idleman emphasizes the importance of being led by the Holy Spirit, highlighting that true guidance comes from listening to God's voice and aligning our actions with His will.