Ezekiel 27:15
Ezekiel 27:15 in Multiple Translations
The men of Dedan were your clients; many coastlands were your market; they paid you with ivory tusks and ebony.
The men of Dedan were thy merchants; many isles were the merchandise of thine hand: they brought thee for a present horns of ivory and ebony.
The men of Dedan were thy traffickers; many isles were the mart of thy hand: they brought thee in exchange horns of ivory and ebony.
The men of Rodan were your traders: a great number of sea-lands did business with you: they gave you horns of ivory and ebony as an offering.
People from Dedan traded with you. You had marketplaces in many coastal areas where the people bartered with you using ivory tusks and ebony wood.
The men of Dedan were thy marchantes: and the marchandise of many yles were in thine handes: they brought thee for a present hornes, teeth, and peacockes.
Sons of Dedan [are] thy merchants, Many isles [are] the mart of thy hand, Horns of ivory and ebony they sent back thy reward.
“‘“The men of Dedan traded with you. Many islands were the market of your hand. They brought you horns of ivory and ebony in exchange.
The men of Dedan were thy merchants; many isles were the merchandise of thy hand: they brought thee for a present horns of ivory and ebony.
The men of Dedan were thy merchants: many islands were the traffic of thy hand, they exchanged for thy price teeth of ivory and ebony.
Merchants came to you from Rhodes island. People from nations along the coast traded with you; they brought ◄ivory/elephant tusks► and valuable black ebony wood to trade for things that you had.
Berean Amplified Bible — Ezekiel 27:15
BAB
Word Study
Hover over any word to see its amplified meaning. Click a word to explore its full definition and translation comparisons.
Amplified text is generated using scripting to tie together English translations for comparison. Always refer to the core BSB translation and original Hebrew/Greek text for accuracy. Anomalies may occur.
Ezekiel 27:15 Interlinear (Deep Study)
BIB
HEB
בְּנֵ֤י
דְדָן֙
רֹֽכְלַ֔יִ/ךְ
אִיִּ֥ים
רַבִּ֖ים
סְחֹרַ֣ת
יָדֵ֑/ךְ
קַרְנ֥וֹת
שֵׁן֙
ו/הובנים
וְ/הָבְנִ֔ים
הֵשִׁ֖יבוּ
אֶשְׁכָּרֵֽ/ךְ
בְּנֵ֤י
bên
H1121
son
N-mp
דְדָן֙
Dᵉdân
H1719
Dedan
N-proper
רֹֽכְלַ֔יִ/ךְ
râkal
H7402
to trade
V-Qal | Suff
אִיִּ֥ים
ʼîy
H339
coastland
N-mp
רַבִּ֖ים
rab
H7227
many
Adj
סְחֹרַ֣ת
çᵉchôrâh
H5506
merchandise
N-fs
יָדֵ֑/ךְ
yâd
H3027
hand
N-cs | Suff
קַרְנ֥וֹת
qeren
H7161
horn
N-cp
שֵׁן֙
shên
H8127
tooth
N-cs
ו/הובנים
hôben
H1894
ebony
Conj | N-mp
וְ/הָבְנִ֔ים
hôben
H1894
ebony
Conj | N-mp
הֵשִׁ֖יבוּ
shûwb
H7725
to return
V-Hiphil-Perf-3cp
אֶשְׁכָּרֵֽ/ךְ
ʼeshkâr
H814
gift
N-ms | Suff
Hebrew Word Study
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Hebrew Word Reference — Ezekiel 27:15
בְּנֵ֤י
bên
H1121
"son"
N-mp
In the Bible, this word means a son or descendant, and can also refer to a grandson, nation, or quality. It appears in 1 Chronicles 24, describing a Levite named Beno. The word is used to show family relationships and inheritance.
Definition: : child/son
Usage: Occurs in 3653 OT verses. KJV: [phrase] afflicted, age, (Ahoh-) (Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-) ite, (anoint-) ed one, appointed to, ([phrase]) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-) ian, one born, bough, branch, breed, [phrase] (young) bullock, [phrase] (young) calf, [idiom] came up in, child, colt, [idiom] common, [idiom] corn, daughter, [idiom] of first, [phrase] firstborn, foal, [phrase] very fruitful, [phrase] postage, [idiom] in, [phrase] kid, [phrase] lamb, ([phrase]) man, meet, [phrase] mighty, [phrase] nephew, old, ([phrase]) people, [phrase] rebel, [phrase] robber, [idiom] servant born, [idiom] soldier, son, [phrase] spark, [phrase] steward, [phrase] stranger, [idiom] surely, them of, [phrase] tumultuous one, [phrase] valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth. See also: Genesis 3:16; Genesis 23:3; Genesis 34:18.
דְדָן֙
Dᵉdân
H1719
"Dedan"
N-proper
Dedan was a man and a region mentioned in the Bible, first appearing in Genesis 25:3. It refers to a low-lying area or a son of Jokshan, and is associated with the patriarchs. Dedan is also the name of a place and a person.
Definition: Dedan = "low country" a place in south Arabia Also named: de.da.nim (דְּדָנִי "Dedanite" H1720)
Usage: Occurs in 10 OT verses. KJV: Dedan. See also: Genesis 10:7; Jeremiah 49:8; Jeremiah 25:23.
רֹֽכְלַ֔יִ/ךְ
râkal
H7402
"to trade"
V-Qal | Suff
To trade means to travel for business, exchanging goods or services. In the Bible, it describes a merchant or trader who goes about selling spices or other commodities. The KJV translates it as merchant.
Definition: 1) to go about (meaning uncertain) 1a) (Qal) trafficker, trader (participle) (subst)
Usage: Occurs in 15 OT verses. KJV: (spice) merchant. See also: 1 Kings 10:15; Ezekiel 27:13; Nahum 3:16.
אִיִּ֥ים
ʼîy
H339
"coastland"
N-mp
This word refers to a habitable spot, such as a coast, island, or dry land. It is used to describe desirable places in the Bible, like a country or region.
Definition: coast, island, shore, region
Usage: Occurs in 35 OT verses. KJV: country, isle, island. See also: Genesis 10:5; Isaiah 51:5; Psalms 72:10.
רַבִּ֖ים
rab
H7227
"many"
Adj
This Hebrew word means a chief or captain, someone in charge. It is used in 2 Samuel 23:19 to describe a great and powerful man. The idea is one of leadership and authority.
Definition: adj 1) much, many, great 1a) much 1b) many 1c) abounding in 1d) more numerous than 1e) abundant, enough 1f) great 1g) strong 1h) greater than adv 1i) much, exceedingly
Usage: Occurs in 443 OT verses. KJV: (in) abound(-undance, -ant, -antly), captain, elder, enough, exceedingly, full, great(-ly, man, one), increase, long (enough, (time)), (do, have) many(-ifold, things, a time), (ship-)master, mighty, more, (too, very) much, multiply(-tude), officer, often(-times), plenteous, populous, prince, process (of time), suffice(-lent). See also: Genesis 6:5; 1 Kings 11:1; Psalms 3:2.
סְחֹרַ֣ת
çᵉchôrâh
H5506
"merchandise"
N-fs
This term is used to describe the goods being bought and sold, or the act of trading itself. It's simply 'merchandise' in the KJV Bible.
Definition: merchandise
Usage: Occurs in 1 OT verses. KJV: merchandise. See also: Ezekiel 27:15.
יָדֵ֑/ךְ
yâd
H3027
"hand"
N-cs | Suff
In the Bible, 'yad' refers to an open hand, symbolizing power or direction. It can also mean strength or a part of something, like a side or a share. The word is used in many contexts, including anatomy and everyday life.
Definition: : hand/arm[anatomy] 1) hand 1a) hand (of man) 1b) strength, power (fig.) 1c) side (of land), part, portion (metaph.) (fig.) 1d) (various special, technical senses) 1d1) sign, monument 1d2) part, fractional part, share 1d3) time, repetition 1d4) axle-trees, axle 1d5) stays, support (for laver) 1d6) tenons (in tabernacle) 1d7) a phallus, a hand (meaning unsure) 1d8) wrists
Usage: Occurs in 1446 OT verses. KJV: ([phrase] be) able, [idiom] about, [phrase] armholes, at, axletree, because of, beside, border, [idiom] bounty, [phrase] broad, (broken-) handed, [idiom] by, charge, coast, [phrase] consecrate, [phrase] creditor, custody, debt, dominion, [idiom] enough, [phrase] fellowship, force, [idiom] from, hand(-staves, -y work), [idiom] he, himself, [idiom] in, labour, [phrase] large, ledge, (left-) handed, means, [idiom] mine, ministry, near, [idiom] of, [idiom] order, ordinance, [idiom] our, parts, pain, power, [idiom] presumptuously, service, side, sore, state, stay, draw with strength, stroke, [phrase] swear, terror, [idiom] thee, [idiom] by them, [idiom] themselves, [idiom] thine own, [idiom] thou, through, [idiom] throwing, [phrase] thumb, times, [idiom] to, [idiom] under, [idiom] us, [idiom] wait on, (way-) side, where, [phrase] wide, [idiom] with (him, me, you), work, [phrase] yield, [idiom] yourselves. See also: Genesis 3:22; Exodus 7:19; Leviticus 14:22.
קַרְנ֥וֹת
qeren
H7161
"horn"
N-cp
In the Bible, this word means a horn or a corner, and can also refer to power or a mountain peak. It's used to describe a place called Karnaim, which was conquered by Israel. The KJV translation uses phrases like 'hill' or 'horn' to convey the idea.
Definition: 1) horn 1a) horn 1b) of strength (fig) 1c) flask (container for oil) 1d) horn (as musical instrument) 1e) horn (of horn-like projections on the altar) 1f) of rays of light 1g) hill Aramaic equivalent: qe.ren (קֶ֫רֶן "horn" H7162)
Usage: Occurs in 69 OT verses. KJV: [idiom] hill, horn. See also: Genesis 22:13; Psalms 75:5; Psalms 18:3.
שֵׁן֙
shên
H8127
"tooth"
N-cs
The Hebrew word for tooth can also mean ivory or a sharp cliff. It is used in the Bible to describe the teeth of humans and animals, as well as sharp rocks, and is often translated as tooth or ivory.
Definition: : tooth 1) tooth, ivory 1a) tooth 1a1) of man, lex talionis, beast 1b) tooth, tine (of fork) 1c) ivory 1c1) as material 1c2) of commerce 1d) sharp pointed rock
Usage: Occurs in 48 OT verses. KJV: crag, [idiom] forefront, ivory, [idiom] sharp, tooth. See also: Genesis 49:12; Psalms 57:5; Psalms 3:8.
ו/הובנים
hôben
H1894
"ebony"
Conj | N-mp
Hôben refers to the ebony tree, a type of black wood. It is mentioned in the Bible as a material used in furniture and construction.
Definition: ebony
Usage: Occurs in 1 OT verses. KJV: ebony. See also: Ezekiel 27:15.
וְ/הָבְנִ֔ים
hôben
H1894
"ebony"
Conj | N-mp
Hôben refers to the ebony tree, a type of black wood. It is mentioned in the Bible as a material used in furniture and construction.
Definition: ebony
Usage: Occurs in 1 OT verses. KJV: ebony. See also: Ezekiel 27:15.
הֵשִׁ֖יבוּ
shûwb
H7725
"to return"
V-Hiphil-Perf-3cp
This Hebrew word means to return or turn back, and can be used literally or figuratively. It is often used to describe someone returning to God or repenting from sin, as seen in the book of Psalms and the prophets.
Definition: : return 1) to return, turn back 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to turn back, return 1a1a) to turn back 1a1b) to return, come or go back 1a1c) to return unto, go back, come back 1a1d) of dying 1a1e) of human relations (fig) 1a1f) of spiritual relations (fig) 1a1f1) to turn back (from God), apostatise 1a1f2) to turn away (of God) 1a1f3) to turn back (to God), repent 1a1f4) turn back (from evil) 1a1g) of inanimate things 1a1h) in repetition 1b) (Polel) 1b1) to bring back 1b2) to restore, refresh, repair (fig) 1b3) to lead away (enticingly) 1b4) to show turning, apostatise 1c) (Pual) restored (participle) 1d) (Hiphil) to cause to return, bring back 1d1) to bring back, allow to return, put back, draw back, give back, restore, relinquish, give in payment 1d2) to bring back, refresh, restore 1d3) to bring back, report to, answer 1d4) to bring back, make requital, pay (as recompense) 1d5) to turn back or backward, repel, defeat, repulse, hinder, reject, refuse 1d6) to turn away (face), turn toward 1d7) to turn against 1d8) to bring back to mind 1d9) to show a turning away 1d10) to reverse, revoke 1e) (Hophal) to be returned, be restored, be brought back 1f) (Pulal) brought back
Usage: Occurs in 953 OT verses. KJV: ((break, build, circumcise, dig, do anything, do evil, feed, lay down, lie down, lodge, make, rejoice, send, take, weep)) [idiom] again, (cause to) answer ([phrase] again), [idiom] in any case (wise), [idiom] at all, averse, bring (again, back, home again), call (to mind), carry again (back), cease, [idiom] certainly, come again (back), [idiom] consider, [phrase] continually, convert, deliver (again), [phrase] deny, draw back, fetch home again, [idiom] fro, get (oneself) (back) again, [idiom] give (again), go again (back, home), (go) out, hinder, let, (see) more, [idiom] needs, be past, [idiom] pay, pervert, pull in again, put (again, up again), recall, recompense, recover, refresh, relieve, render (again), requite, rescue, restore, retrieve, (cause to, make to) return, reverse, reward, [phrase] say nay, send back, set again, slide back, still, [idiom] surely, take back (off), (cause to, make to) turn (again, self again, away, back, back again, backward, from, off), withdraw. See also: Genesis 3:19; Numbers 8:25; Judges 8:13.
אֶשְׁכָּרֵֽ/ךְ
ʼeshkâr
H814
"gift"
N-ms | Suff
This word refers to a gift or present, like the gifts the Magi brought to Jesus in Matthew 2. It is used to describe something given freely, often as an act of kindness.
Definition: gift
Usage: Occurs in 2 OT verses. KJV: gift, present. See also: Psalms 72:10; Ezekiel 27:15.
Study Notes — Ezekiel 27:15
Show Verse Quote Highlights
- Context
- Cross References
- Ezekiel 27:15 Summary
- Frequently Asked Questions
- Reflection Questions
- Gill's Exposition on Ezekiel 27:15
- Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Ezekiel 27:15
- Matthew Poole's Commentary on Ezekiel 27:15
- Trapp's Commentary on Ezekiel 27:15
- Ellicott's Commentary on Ezekiel 27:15
- Adam Clarke's Commentary on Ezekiel 27:15
- Cambridge Bible on Ezekiel 27:15
- Whedon's Commentary on Ezekiel 27:15
- Sermons on Ezekiel 27:15
Context — A Lament for Tyre
13Javan, Tubal, and Meshech were your merchants. They exchanged slaves and bronze utensils for your merchandise.
14The men of Beth-togarmah exchanged horses, war horses, and mules for your wares.
15The men of Dedan were your clients; many coastlands were your market; they paid you with ivory tusks and ebony.
16Aram was your customer because of your many products; they exchanged turquoise, purple, embroidered work, fine linen, coral, and rubies for your wares. 17Judah and the land of Israel traded with you; they exchanged wheat from Minnith, cakes and honey, oil and balm for your merchandise.Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Genesis 10:7 | The sons of Cush: Seba, Havilah, Sabtah, Raamah, and Sabteca. And the sons of Raamah: Sheba and Dedan. |
| 2 | Revelation 18:12 | cargo of gold, silver, precious stones, and pearls; of fine linen, purple, silk, and scarlet; of all kinds of citron wood and every article of ivory, precious wood, bronze, iron, and marble; |
| 3 | 1 Kings 10:22 | For the king had the ships of Tarshish at sea with Hiram’s fleet, and once every three years the ships of Tarshish would arrive bearing gold, silver, ivory, apes, and peacocks. |
| 4 | Jeremiah 25:23 | Dedan, Tema, Buz, and all who cut the corners of their hair; |
| 5 | Ezekiel 27:20 | Dedan was your merchant in saddlecloths for riding. |
| 6 | 1 Chronicles 1:9 | The sons of Cush: Seba, Havilah, Sabta, Raamah, and Sabteca. The sons of Raamah: Sheba and Dedan. |
| 7 | 1 Chronicles 1:32 | The sons born to Keturah, Abraham’s concubine: Zimran, Jokshan, Medan, Midian, Ishbak, and Shuah. The sons of Jokshan: Sheba and Dedan. |
| 8 | Genesis 25:3 | Jokshan was the father of Sheba and Dedan. And the sons of Dedan were the Asshurites, the Letushites, and the Leummites. |
| 9 | Jeremiah 49:8 | Turn and run! Lie low, O dwellers of Dedan, for I will bring disaster on Esau at the time I punish him. |
| 10 | Ezekiel 25:13 | therefore this is what the Lord GOD says: I will stretch out My hand against Edom and cut off from it both man and beast. I will make it a wasteland, and from Teman to Dedan they will fall by the sword. |
Ezekiel 27:15 Summary
[Ezekiel 27:15 describes the extensive trade network of Tyre, with the men of Dedan being clients and many coastlands being their market, highlighting the city's wealth and luxury. This verse shows how Tyre's wealth and power led to its downfall, as it became proud and arrogant, forgetting its dependence on God. As Christians, we can learn from Tyre's example by cultivating humility and recognizing our dependence on God, as taught in 1 Corinthians 4:7. By trusting in God's provision and using our resources to serve others, we can avoid the temptations of wealth and luxury, and instead seek to glorify God with our lives.]
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the significance of the men of Dedan being clients of Tyre?
The men of Dedan being clients of Tyre, as mentioned in Ezekiel 27:15, signifies the extensive trade network of Tyre, which is also highlighted in Ezekiel 27:13 and Ezekiel 27:16, where other nations are mentioned as trading partners with Tyre.
What is the importance of ivory tusks and ebony in this context?
Ivory tusks and ebony, mentioned in Ezekiel 27:15, were valuable commodities in ancient times, highlighting the wealth and luxury of Tyre, similar to the precious stones and materials mentioned in Revelation 18:12, which also symbolize wealth and extravagance.
How does this verse relate to the overall theme of Ezekiel 27?
Ezekiel 27:15 contributes to the overall theme of the chapter, which is the judgment of Tyre for its pride and arrogance, as stated in Ezekiel 27:3, where Tyre's beauty and wealth are described, leading to its downfall, as prophesied in Ezekiel 27:32-36.
What can we learn from the trade relationships described in this verse?
The trade relationships in Ezekiel 27:15 demonstrate the interconnectedness of nations and the importance of humility and dependence on God, as emphasized in Proverbs 30:7-9, where the writer asks for neither poverty nor riches, but just enough, to avoid the temptations that come with wealth.
Reflection Questions
- How can I apply the lesson of humility from Tyre's example to my own life, recognizing the dangers of pride and arrogance?
- What are some ways I can cultivate a sense of dependence on God, rather than relying solely on my own abilities or wealth?
- In what ways can I use my own resources and talents to serve others and glorify God, rather than seeking to accumulate wealth and luxury for myself?
- How can I balance the desire for financial security and comfort with the need to trust in God's provision, as taught in Matthew 6:25-34?
Gill's Exposition on Ezekiel 27:15
The men of Dedan were thy merchants,.... Not Dedan in Idumea or Edom, but in Arabia, from Dedan the son of Raamah, Genesis 10:7: many isles were the merchandise of thine hands; that is, many isles
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Ezekiel 27:15
The men of Dedan were thy merchants; many isles were the merchandise of thine hand: they brought thee for a present horns of ivory and ebony. The men of Dedan - near the Persian Sea: thus an avenue to the commerce of India.
Matthew Poole's Commentary on Ezekiel 27:15
Dedan: see . This Dedan was in Arabia, built by Dedan the son of Regina, not far from the Persian Gulf, and now called Daden, whence through the Red Sea they might convey their own merchandise. Many isles, in the Indian Seas and in the Red Sea, traded with thee. For a present; knowing how acceptable they were to get thy favour, they either made presents, and gave these things, or brought them to sell. Horns; elks’ horns, or wild goats’ ; some think it is meant of the unicorn, but the first is likeliest. Ivory; ivory, not of, the Hebrew is not in regimen, but in apposition, and should be read, They brought thee presents, horns, ivory, and ebony, which is a very solid, heavy, shining, and black wood, fit for many choice works.
Trapp's Commentary on Ezekiel 27:15
Ezekiel 27:15 The men of Dedan [were] thy merchants; many isles [were] the merchandise of thine hand: they brought thee [for] a present horns of ivory and ebony.Ver. 15. The men of Dedan.] Arabians. The Septuagint render them Rhodians. Horns of ivory.] The elephant’ s two great tusks, crooked as horns. And ebony.] Hebenum, which hath affinity with Eben, which signifieth a stone, for ebony is a wood hard and heavy as a stone. The Chaldee rendereth it peacocks.
Ellicott's Commentary on Ezekiel 27:15
(15) Dedan.—This Dedan is a descendant of Ham through Cush (Genesis 10:7). The tribe was located in Arabia, probably upon the shores of the Persian Gulf (Isaiah 21:13). The Dedan of Eze 27:20, on the other hand, is a Semitic tribe, spoken of also in Ezekiel 25:13; Jeremiah 49:8. The “many isles” of this Dedan were the islands in the Persian Gulf, on the Arabian coast, and they were “merchandise” in the sense of supplying material for the commerce of Tyre. “Brought thee for a present” might seem to imply tribute, but the original rather conveys the idea of return payment. “Horns of ivory” is, literally, horns of teeth; the name “horn” being simply a commercial term derived from the shape of the elephant’s tusk. “Ebony” is a word used only here. It was brought both from India and Ethiopia, the wood from the latter being preferred.
Adam Clarke's Commentary on Ezekiel 27:15
Verse 15. The men of Dedan] Dedan was one of the descendants of Abraham by Keturah, and dwelt in Arabia, Genesis 25:3. Ivory and ebony might come from that quarter. By way of distinction ivory is called both in Hebrew ש shen, and in Arabic [Arabic] shen, the TOOTH, as that beautiful substance is the tooth of the elephant.
Cambridge Bible on Ezekiel 27:15
15. men of Dedan] lit. sons of Dedan; LXX. sons of the Rhodians (r being read for d, as often). Dedan occurs again Ezekiel 27:20, in connexion with Arabian tribes, and in Ezekiel 25:13 it appears to be placed S. of Edom, being either part of that country or bordering on it (cf. Jeremiah 49:8; Jeremiah 25:23; Isaiah 21:13). Here, however, Dedan is connected with coast lands and must be another. Hence it has usually been placed on the Persian Gulf. Ivory and ebony, the articles in which it traded, might be Indian products. On the other hand the Phœnicians certainly had colonies in Rhodes; and if Rhodians were the true reading the “isles” would be the coasts of the Mediterranean. merchandise of thine hand] If “merchandise” be the right reading the abstract term is used for “merchants.” The phrase “of thy hand” means under thee, doing thy service, cf. Ezekiel 27:21. horns of ivory] Tusks of elephants, so called from their resemblance to horns. Ebony, the other article referred to, was brought from India and Ethiopia. The African ebony was most esteemed.
If Rhodians be read reference would be to the traffic between Phœnicia and the interior of Africa, the intermediaries of which were Rhodes and the sea-coasts of the Mediterranean. Rawlin. (Phœnicia, p. 287) mentions that many objects in ivory have been found in Cyprus. brought thee for a present. Rather: horns of ivory … they rendered to thee as tribute, lit. rendered as thy tribute. Tyre is the mistress to whom the nations are subject, and the merchandise they bring is a tribute which they render to her.
Whedon's Commentary on Ezekiel 27:15
15. Dedan — This Dedan is perhaps different from the one mentioned in connection with Edom. (See note Ezekiel 25:13).
Sermons on Ezekiel 27:15
| Sermon | Description | |
|---|---|---|
|
4. the Place Where This Epistle Was Written by Daniel Steele | Daniel Steele discusses the historical significance of John's residence in Ephesus, a major center of influence in the Orient during the early days of Christianity. The city was vi |
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The Peacock by Harriet N. Cook | Harriet N. Cook reflects on the story of Solomon in the Bible, emphasizing his wisdom and wealth granted by God. Despite his riches and treasures, Solomon acknowledges the emptines |