Ezekiel 27:19
Ezekiel 27:19 in Multiple Translations
and casks of wine from Izal for your wares. Wrought iron, cassia, and sweet cane were exchanged for your merchandise.
Dan also and Javan going to and fro occupied in thy fairs: bright iron, cassia, and calamus, were in thy market.
Vedan and Javan traded with yarn for thy wares: bright iron, cassia, and calamus, were among thy merchandise.
... for your goods: they gave polished iron and spices for your goods.
Vedan and Javan from Izal bought your goods using wrought iron, cassia, and sweet calamus.
They of Dan also and of Iauan, going to and from, occupied in thy faires: yron woorke, cassia and calamus were among thy marchandise.
Vedan and Javan go about with thy remnants, They have given shining iron, cassia, and cane, In thy merchandise it hath been.
“‘“Vedan and Javan traded with yarn for your wares; wrought iron, cassia, and calamus were among your merchandise.
Dan also and Javan going to and fro occupied in thy fairs: bright iron, cassia, and calamus, were in thy market.
Dan, and Greece, and Mosel have set forth in thy marts wrought iron: stacte, and calamus were in thy market.
Greek men from the Uzal area brought things made of iron, and cassia spice, and fragrant calamus seeds to trade for things that you had.
Berean Amplified Bible — Ezekiel 27:19
BAB
Word Study
Hover over any word to see its amplified meaning. Click a word to explore its full definition and translation comparisons.
Amplified text is generated using scripting to tie together English translations for comparison. Always refer to the core BSB translation and original Hebrew/Greek text for accuracy. Anomalies may occur.
Ezekiel 27:19 Interlinear (Deep Study)
BIB
HEB
וְדָ֤ן
וְ/יָוָן֙
מְ/אוּזָּ֔ל
בְּ/עִזְבוֹנַ֖יִ/ךְ
נָתָ֑נּוּ
בַּרְזֶ֤ל
עָשׁוֹת֙
קִדָּ֣ה
וְ/קָנֶ֔ה
בְּ/מַעֲרָבֵ֖/ךְ
הָיָֽה
וְדָ֤ן
Vᵉdân
H2051
casks
N-proper
וְ/יָוָן֙
Yâvân
H3120
Greece
Conj | N-proper
מְ/אוּזָּ֔ל
ʼÛwzâl
H187
Uzal
Prep | N-proper
בְּ/עִזְבוֹנַ֖יִ/ךְ
ʻizzâbôwn
H5801
ware
Prep | N-mp | Suff
נָתָ֑נּוּ
nâthan
H5414
to give
V-Qal-Perf-3cp
בַּרְזֶ֤ל
barzel
H1270
iron
N-ms
עָשׁוֹת֙
ʻâshôwth
H6219
smooth
Adj
קִדָּ֣ה
qiddâh
H6916
cassia
N-fs
וְ/קָנֶ֔ה
qâneh
H7070
branch
Conj | N-ms
בְּ/מַעֲרָבֵ֖/ךְ
maʻărâb
H4627
merchandise
Prep | N-ms | Suff
הָיָֽה
hâyâh
H1961
to be
V-Qal-Perf-3ms
Hebrew Word Study
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Hebrew Word Reference — Ezekiel 27:19
וְדָ֤ן
Vᵉdân
H2051
"casks"
N-proper
Vedan is a place in Arabia, possibly near Medina, and is mentioned in the Bible as a location, also referred to as Dan.
Definition: § Vedan = "and Dan" a place, site uncertain, perhaps near Medina in Arabia or may simply be read 'even Dan'
Usage: Occurs in 1 OT verses. KJV: Dan also. See also: Ezekiel 27:19.
וְ/יָוָן֙
Yâvân
H3120
"Greece"
Conj | N-proper
Refers to Greece or the Greeks, descended from Javan, a son of Joktan. This term is used to describe the country and its people, as seen in the KJV translation of Javan.
Definition: § Javan = "Ionia" or "Greece" 1) Greece, Ionia, Ionians 2) location of descendants of Javan
Usage: Occurs in 11 OT verses. KJV: Javan. See also: Genesis 10:2; Ezekiel 27:13; Isaiah 66:19.
מְ/אוּזָּ֔ל
ʼÛwzâl
H187
"Uzal"
Prep | N-proper
Uzal was a son of Joktan, and his name means I shall be flooded. He is mentioned as the sixth son of Joktan. Uzal is a name that appears in the Bible as a person's name.
Definition: § Uzal = "I shall be flooded" sixth son Joktan
Usage: Occurs in 3 OT verses. KJV: Uzal. See also: Genesis 10:27; 1 Chronicles 1:21; Ezekiel 27:19.
בְּ/עִזְבוֹנַ֖יִ/ךְ
ʻizzâbôwn
H5801
"ware"
Prep | N-mp | Suff
Ware refers to goods or merchandise, often traded in a market. In the Bible, the word appears in Ezekiel 27:12-13, describing the trade and commerce of the city of Tyre. The term represents commercial activity and economic exchange.
Definition: wares, goods
Usage: Occurs in 7 OT verses. KJV: fair, ware. See also: Ezekiel 27:12; Ezekiel 27:19; Ezekiel 27:33.
נָתָ֑נּוּ
nâthan
H5414
"to give"
V-Qal-Perf-3cp
This word means to give, put, or set something, with a wide range of applications. It appears in many books, including Genesis and Exodus, describing God's actions and human interactions. The word is used to convey giving, selling, or exchanging something.
Definition: : give/deliver/send/produce 1) to give, put, set 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to give, bestow, grant, permit, ascribe, employ, devote, consecrate, dedicate, pay wages, sell, exchange, lend, commit, entrust, give over, deliver up, yield produce, occasion, produce, requite to, report, mention, utter, stretch out, extend 1a2) to put, set, put on, put upon, set, appoint, assign, designate 1a3) to make, constitute 1b) (Niphal) 1b1) to be given, be bestowed, be provided, be entrusted to, be granted to, be permitted, be issued, be published, be uttered, be assigned 1b2) to be set, be put, be made, be inflicted 1c) (Hophal) 1c1) to be given, be bestowed, be given up, be delivered up 1c2) to be put upon
Usage: Occurs in 1816 OT verses. KJV: add, apply, appoint, ascribe, assign, [idiom] avenge, [idiom] be (healed), bestow, bring (forth, hither), cast, cause, charge, come, commit, consider, count, [phrase] cry, deliver (up), direct, distribute, do, [idiom] doubtless, [idiom] without fail, fasten, frame, [idiom] get, give (forth, over, up), grant, hang (up), [idiom] have, [idiom] indeed, lay (unto charge, up), (give) leave, lend, let (out), [phrase] lie, lift up, make, [phrase] O that, occupy, offer, ordain, pay, perform, place, pour, print, [idiom] pull, put (forth), recompense, render, requite, restore, send (out), set (forth), shew, shoot forth (up), [phrase] sing, [phrase] slander, strike, (sub-) mit, suffer, [idiom] surely, [idiom] take, thrust, trade, turn, utter, [phrase] weep, [phrase] willingly, [phrase] withdraw, [phrase] would (to) God, yield. See also: Genesis 1:17; Genesis 40:21; Exodus 30:12.
בַּרְזֶ֤ל
barzel
H1270
"iron"
N-ms
Iron refers to a strong metal used for tools and furniture, symbolizing strength or harshness, as seen in the Bible's descriptions of iron implements.
Definition: 1) iron 1a) iron 1a1) iron ore 1a2) as material of furniture, utensils, implements 2) tool of iron 3) harshness, strength, oppression (fig.) Aramaic equivalent: par.zel (פַּרְזֶל "iron" H6523)
Usage: Occurs in 70 OT verses. KJV: (ax) head, iron. See also: Genesis 4:22; 2 Chronicles 2:6; Psalms 2:9.
עָשׁוֹת֙
ʻâshôwth
H6219
"smooth"
Adj
Something that is smooth and shiny is described with this word. It can refer to polished or bright objects, like jewelry or mirrors. This word is used in books like Exodus and Ezekiel.
Definition: smooth, shiny
Usage: Occurs in 1 OT verses. KJV: bright. See also: Ezekiel 27:19.
קִדָּ֣ה
qiddâh
H6916
"cassia"
N-fs
Cassia is a type of spice, specifically the bark of the cassia tree. It is mentioned in the Bible as one of the ingredients used to make holy anointing oil, as described in Exodus. Cassia was highly valued for its fragrance and medicinal properties.
Definition: a spice-cassia
Usage: Occurs in 2 OT verses. KJV: cassia. See also: Exodus 30:24; Ezekiel 27:19.
וְ/קָנֶ֔ה
qâneh
H7070
"branch"
Conj | N-ms
This word describes a branch or reed, and is used to represent measurement, strength, or support. In the Bible, it is used to describe objects like the rod of a steelyard or the branches of a lampstand.
Definition: : branch 1) reed, stalk, bone, balances 1a) stalk 1b) water-plant, reed 1c) calamus (aromatic reed) 1d) derived meanings 1d1) measuring-rod 1d2) reed (as unit of measure-6 cubits) 1d3) beam (of scales-for scales themselves) 1d4) shaft (of lampstand) 1d5) branches (of lampstand) 1d6) shoulder-joint
Usage: Occurs in 38 OT verses. KJV: balance, bone, branch, calamus, cane, reed, [idiom] spearman, stalk. See also: Genesis 41:5; Isaiah 19:6; Psalms 68:31.
בְּ/מַעֲרָבֵ֖/ךְ
maʻărâb
H4627
"merchandise"
Prep | N-ms | Suff
Merchandise is the exchange of goods or trade, like buying and selling. In the Bible, it is mentioned in the book of Ezekiel as a major part of commerce. The KJV translation uses the term market to describe it.
Definition: merchandise, articles of exchange
Usage: Occurs in 8 OT verses. KJV: market, merchandise. See also: Ezekiel 27:9; Ezekiel 27:25; Ezekiel 27:34.
הָיָֽה
hâyâh
H1961
"to be"
V-Qal-Perf-3ms
The Hebrew word for to be means to exist or come into being. It is used to describe something that happens or comes to pass, like in Genesis where God creates the world.
Definition: 1) to be, become, come to pass, exist, happen, fall out 1a) (Qal) 1a1) --- 1a1a) to happen, fall out, occur, take place, come about, come to pass 1a1b) to come about, come to pass 1a2) to come into being, become 1a2a) to arise, appear, come 1a2b) to become 1a2b1) to become 1a2b2) to become like 1a2b3) to be instituted, be established 1a3) to be 1a3a) to exist, be in existence 1a3b) to abide, remain, continue (with word of place or time) 1a3c) to stand, lie, be in, be at, be situated (with word of locality) 1a3d) to accompany, be with 1b) (Niphal) 1b1) to occur, come to pass, be done, be brought about 1b2) to be done, be finished, be gone
Usage: Occurs in 3131 OT verses. KJV: beacon, [idiom] altogether, be(-come), accomplished, committed, like), break, cause, come (to pass), do, faint, fall, [phrase] follow, happen, [idiom] have, last, pertain, quit (one-) self, require, [idiom] use. See also: Genesis 1:2; Genesis 17:4; Genesis 36:11.
Study Notes — Ezekiel 27:19
Show Verse Quote Highlights
- Context
- Cross References
- Ezekiel 27:19 Summary
- Frequently Asked Questions
- Reflection Questions
- Gill's Exposition on Ezekiel 27:19
- Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Ezekiel 27:19
- Matthew Poole's Commentary on Ezekiel 27:19
- Trapp's Commentary on Ezekiel 27:19
- Ellicott's Commentary on Ezekiel 27:19
- Adam Clarke's Commentary on Ezekiel 27:19
- Cambridge Bible on Ezekiel 27:19
- Whedon's Commentary on Ezekiel 27:19
- Sermons on Ezekiel 27:19
Context — A Lament for Tyre
17Judah and the land of Israel traded with you; they exchanged wheat from Minnith, cakes and honey, oil and balm for your merchandise.
18Because of your many products and your great wealth of goods, Damascus traded with you wine from Helbon, wool from Zahar,
19and casks of wine from Izal for your wares. Wrought iron, cassia, and sweet cane were exchanged for your merchandise.
20Dedan was your merchant in saddlecloths for riding. 21Arabia and all the princes of Kedar were your customers, trading in lambs, rams, and goats.Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Exodus 30:23–24 | “Take the finest spices: 500 shekels of liquid myrrh, half that amount (250 shekels) of fragrant cinnamon, 250 shekels of fragrant cane, 500 shekels of cassia —all according to the sanctuary shekel—and a hin of olive oil. |
| 2 | Psalms 45:8 | All your garments are fragrant with myrrh and aloes and cassia; from palaces of ivory the harps make you glad. |
| 3 | Song of Solomon 4:13–14 | Your branches are an orchard of pomegranates with the choicest of fruits, with henna and nard, with nard and saffron, with calamus and cinnamon, with every kind of frankincense tree, with myrrh and aloes, with all the finest spices. |
| 4 | Judges 18:29 | They named it Dan, after their forefather Dan, who was born to Israel—though the city was formerly named Laish. |
Ezekiel 27:19 Summary
Ezekiel 27:19 describes the trade items that Tyre exchanged with other nations, including wine, wrought iron, cassia, and sweet cane. This verse shows how Tyre was a powerful and wealthy city, with extensive trade networks, similar to what is described in 1 Kings 10:22. Just as Tyre used its resources for trade and commerce, we can use our own resources to serve God and others, as seen in Matthew 25:14-30. By looking at this verse, we can learn about the importance of using our talents and resources wisely, just like the parable of the talents in Matthew 25:14-30.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the significance of wine from Izal in Ezekiel 27:19?
Wine from Izal was a valuable trade item, as seen in Ezekiel 27:19, and its mention highlights the extensive trade networks of Tyre, similar to those described in Genesis 10:4 and 1 Kings 10:22, which also discuss merchant ships and valuable cargo.
What is cassia, and why was it traded in Ezekiel 27:19?
Cassia, mentioned in Ezekiel 27:19, was a sweet spice or fragrance, similar to cinnamon, and was highly valued in ancient trade, as seen in Psalm 45:8 and Song of Solomon 4:14, where it is used to describe the beauty and fragrance of the beloved.
What does the mention of wrought iron in Ezekiel 27:19 indicate about Tyre's economy?
The mention of wrought iron in Ezekiel 27:19 suggests that Tyre was involved in the trade of metals and metalwork, which was a significant aspect of their economy, as also seen in Deuteronomy 8:9 and 1 Chronicles 29:7, where iron is mentioned as a valuable resource.
How does Ezekiel 27:19 relate to the rest of the chapter?
Ezekiel 27:19 is part of a larger description of Tyre's extensive trade networks and wealth, as seen in Ezekiel 27:1-25, which highlights the city's commercial power and influence, similar to the descriptions of Babylon in Isaiah 13:19 and Revelation 18:3.
Reflection Questions
- What can we learn from the trade items mentioned in Ezekiel 27:19 about the values and priorities of the people of Tyre?
- How does the description of Tyre's trade networks in Ezekiel 27:19 challenge or encourage me in my own walk with God?
- What role does commerce and trade play in my own life, and how can I use my resources to glorify God, as seen in Matthew 25:14-30 and Luke 19:11-27?
- What does the mention of sweet cane in Ezekiel 27:19 reveal about the cultural and economic exchange between nations in ancient times?
Gill's Exposition on Ezekiel 27:19
Dan also and Javan, going to and fro, occupied in thy fairs,.... Either the inhabitants of the tribe of Dan in general; or of Laish, sometime called Dan, and in later times Caesarea Philippi, which
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Ezekiel 27:19
Dan also and Javan going to and fro occupied in thy fairs: bright iron, cassia, and calamus, were in thy market. Dan also. None of the other places enumerated commence with the copula (also; Hebrew, wª-).
Matthew Poole's Commentary on Ezekiel 27:19
If it were the tribe of Dan, it must be understood of a time before the captivity of the ten tribes; but there is a learned man tells us of Dana a city of Taprobana, or the island Zeilan mentioned by Ptolemy, and this learned man will have this meant. Javan; not Javan or Greece, saith that learned man, but another Javan in the isle Meroe in remote parts of Egypt, where is a principal town Uzal, or Asel, from whence these merchants came, and therefore styled Javan of Uzal, or Jayan Meuzal. And if the cassia or calamus, mentioned in the verse, were the wares brought in by the Danites and Javanites, I should go as far as Meroe and Taprobana to send them; but if the cassia and calamus were brought up at Tyre, I would believe they lived nearer, that they were Grecian pedlars, or in a northern dialect merchants, that bought them, and were meant in the text. Bright iron; polished, as we see now an art, which so much betters the common sort of iron, and refines it, that it is of great value. Cassia and calamus are sweet drugs.
Trapp's Commentary on Ezekiel 27:19
Ezekiel 27:19 Dan also and Javan going to and fro occupied in thy fairs: bright iron, cassia, and calamus, were in thy market.Ver. 19. Dan also.] Anciently called Laish. Javan, or the Grecians, were great travellers. Going to and fro.] Discursatory. “ Impiger extremos currit mercator ad Indos. ” - Horat. Graecus vagabundus. - Vatab.
Ellicott's Commentary on Ezekiel 27:19
(19) Dan also and Javan.—This is the only instance in this enumeration in which the name of a people is introduced with a conjunction. Besides this structural difficulty, there seems no appropriateness in the name Dan, a tribe of Israel long since carried into captivity. The city Dan was of quite too little prominence to be mentioned here. It is probable, therefore, that what our translators have taken for the conjunction is really a part of the name Vedan, a place in Arabia not elsewhere mentioned, but which some suppose to be Aden. Javan does not here stand for Greece, but for an Arabian place or tribe, which there is reason to think is Yemen. Going to and fro.—The margin is better, Menzal, or rather—the first letter being a preposition—front Uzal, the ancient Sanaa, afterwards the capital of Yemen. Yemen was famous for its sword-blades, which may be meant by the bright (literally, wrought) iron, and also for its spices brought from India.
Adam Clarke's Commentary on Ezekiel 27:19
Verse 19. Dan also and Javan] It is probable that both these words mean some of the Grecian islands. Going to and fro] They both took and brought-imported and exported: but מאוזל meuzal, from uzal, may be a proper name. What place is signified I cannot tell, unless it be Azal, a name, according to Kamoos, of the capital of Arabia Felix.
Cambridge Bible on Ezekiel 27:19
19. Dan also and Javan] This is certainly incorrect; none of the verses begins with and or also, and any reference to Dan is out of the question. The word rendered “going to and fro” was translated by Ges. “spun,” i.e. yarn (and so R.V.): Wedan and Javan brought as thy wares yarn. The word is more probably a proper name and to be rendered from Uzal. Uzal (Genesis 10:27) is supposed to be identical with San‘âa, the capital of Yemen in S. Arabia. LXX. omits wedan and for Javan reads “wine” (a similar word). The text is probably in disorder. In all other cases the phrase “brought as thy wares” ends the verse, and possibly the first words of Eze 27:19 should be attached to Ezekiel 27:18. So LXX. which reads Ezekiel 27:19, “from Uzal (Azel) came wrought-iron” &c.
Corn. follows LXX., supplying all the words after Helbon out of the Assyrian wine lists: wine of Helbon and Zimin and Arnaban they brought to thy market. From Uzal came wrought iron &c. As the verse stands it may read: “Wedan and Javan of Uzal furnished thy wares; bright iron, cassia and calamus were among thy goods”—though the most serious objections occur to the rendering. The “bright iron” may refer to sword blades, for which Yemen was famous. The calamus or sweet cane (Jeremiah 6:20; Isaiah 43:24) supplied one of the ingredients of the holy oil for anointing the priests (Exodus 30:23-24), and so did the cassia.
Whedon's Commentary on Ezekiel 27:19
19. Dan… and Javan… fairs — R.V. reads, “Vedan and Javan traded with yarn for thy wares.” For Javan see note Ezekiel 27:13.
Sermons on Ezekiel 27:19
| Sermon | Description | |
|---|---|---|
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Revival - Part 1 by Doc Greenway | In this sermon, the speaker shares a personal experience from a convention in Wales. He was unsure which text to preach from, but felt led to choose a passage from the book of Psal |
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Unity by Doc Greenway | In this sermon, the speaker emphasizes the importance of spiritual unity among believers. He highlights the threat of disunity and the need for Christians to think the same way and |
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Exposition on Psalm 45 by St. Augustine | St. Augustine preaches about the sacred Marriage-feast, symbolizing the union of the Bridegroom (Christ) and the Bride (the Church), emphasizing the transformation from old to new, |
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Psalm 45 by Henry Law | Henry Law preaches on the beauty and majesty of Christ as the spiritual Bridegroom, emphasizing the believer's fervent commendation of Jesus and the eloquence in expressing due pra |
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Marked by Christly Fragrance by A.W. Tozer | A.W. Tozer emphasizes the transformative power of experiencing the presence of Christ, likening it to the exquisite fragrance of myrrh and aloes. He reflects on how the scent of Ch |
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The Palace He Left by J. Wilbur Chapman | J. Wilbur Chapman preaches about the beauty of the character of Jesus Christ as depicted in the Old Testament, emphasizing His sacrifice and the blessings of His incarnation. The s |