1 Samuel 3:1
Verse
Context
Sermons
Jim Cymbala
Chuck Smith
Art Katz
William MacDonald
Denny KenastonWilliam MacDonaldSummary
Commentary
- Adam Clarke
- Keil-Delitzsch
- John Gill
- Matthew Henry
- Tyndale
Adam Clarke Bible Commentary
Samuel ministered unto the Lord - He performed minor services in the tabernacle, under the direction of Eli, such as opening the doors, etc. See Sa1 3:15. The word of the Lord was precious - There were but few revelations from God; and because the word was scarce, therefore it was valuable. The author of this book probably lived at a time when prophecy was frequent, See the preface. There was no open vision - There was no public accredited prophet; one with whom the secret of the Lord was known to dwell, and to whom all might have recourse in cases of doubt or public emergency.
Carl Friedrich Keil and Franz Delitzsch Old Testament Commentary
At the time when Samuel served the Lord before Eli, both as a boy and as a young man (Sa1 2:11, Sa1 2:21, Sa1 2:26), the word of the Lord had become dear, i.e., rare, in Israel, and "Prophecy was not spread." נפרץ, from פּרץ, to spread out strongly, to break through copiously (cf. Pro 3:10). The "word of the Lord" is the word of God announced by prophets: the "vision," "visio prophetica." It is true that Jehovah had promised His people, that He would send prophets, who should make known His will and purpose at all times (Deu 18:15.; cf. Num 23:23); but as a revelation from God presupposed susceptibility on the part of men, the unbelief and disobedience of the people might restrain the fulfilment of this and all similar promises, and God might even withdraw His word to punish the idolatrous nation. Such a time as this, when revelations from God were universally rare, and had now arisen under Eli, in whose days, as the conduct of his sons sufficiently proves, the priesthood had fallen into very deep corruption. Sa1 3:2-4 The word of the Lord was then issued for the first time to Samuel. Sa1 3:2-4 form one period. The clause, "it came to pass at that time" (Sa1 3:2), is continued in Sa1 3:4, "that the Lord called," etc. The intervening clauses from ועלי to אלהים ארון are circumstantial clauses, intended to throw light upon the situation. The clause, "Eli was laid down in his place," etc., may be connected logically with "at that time" by the insertion of "when" (as in the English version: Tr.). The dimness of Eli's eyes is mentioned, to explain Samuel's behaviour, as afterwards described. Under these circumstances, for example, when Samuel heard his own name called out in sleep, he might easily suppose that Eli was calling him to render some assistance. The "lamp of God" is the light of the candlestick in the tabernacle, the seven lamps of which were put up and lighted every evening, and burned through the night till all the oil was consumed (see Exo 30:8; Lev 24:2; Ch2 13:11, and the explanation given at Exo 27:21). The statement that this light was not yet extinguished, is equivalent to "before the morning dawn." "And Samuel was lying (sleeping) in the temple of Jehovah, where the ark of God was." היכל does not mean the holy place, as distinguished from the "most holy," as in Kg1 6:5; Kg1 7:50, (Note: The Masoretes have taken היכל in this sense, and therefore have placed the Athnach under שׁכב rednu, to separate שׁכב וּשׁמוּאל from יי בּהיכל, and thus to guard against the conclusion, which might be drawn from this view of היכל that Samuel slept in the holy place.) but the whole tabernacle, the tent with its court, as the palace of the God-king, as in Sa1 1:9; Psa 11:4. Samuel neither slept in the holy place by the side of the candlestick and table of shew-bread, nor in the most holy place in front of the ark of the covenant, but in the court, where cells were built for the priests and Levites to live in when serving at the sanctuary (see at Sa1 3:15). "The ark of God, i.e., the ark of the covenant, is mentioned as the throne of the divine presence, from which the call to Samuel proceeded. Sa1 3:5-9 As soon as Samuel heard his name called out, he hastened to Eli to receive his commands. But Eli bade him lie down again, as he had not called him. At first, no doubt, he thought the call which Samuel had heard was nothing more than a false impression of the youth, who had been fast asleep. But the same thing was repeated a second and a third time; for, as the historian explains in Sa1 3:6, "Samuel had not yet known Jehovah, and (for) the word of Jehovah was not yet revealed to him." (The perfect ידע after טרם, though very rare, is fully supported by Psa 90:2 and Pro 8:25, and therefore is not to be altered into ידע, as Dietrich and Bttcher propose.) He therefore imagined again that Eli had called him. But when he came to Eli after the third call, Eli perceived that the Lord was calling, and directed Samuel, if the call were repeated, to answer, "Speak, Lord; for Thy servant heareth."
John Gill Bible Commentary
And the child Samuel ministered unto the Lord before Eli,.... Under his direction and instruction; the Targum is, in the life of Eli, and in such parts of service, relating to the tabernacle of the Lord, as he was capable of, such as opening and shutting the doors of it, lighting the lamps, singing the praises of God, &c. according to Josephus (n), and others, he was now about twelve years of age: and the word of the Lord was precious in those days; that is, a word from the Lord in a dream or vision, directing, informing, instructing, or reproving, this was very rarely had; of late there had been but very few instances; and which accounts for it why not only the child Samuel knew not that it was the voice of the Lord that called to him, but Eli himself thought nothing of it until he had called a third time, so rare and scarce was any instance of this kind; for which reason these words are premised in the following narration: and as everything that is scarce and rare is generally precious, so the word of God in this way also was; and so it is as considered in every view of it; as the written word of God; when there was but little of it penned, as at this time, and few or none to teach and instruct in it, Eli being old, and his sons so vile; or when it is forbidden to be read, and the copies of it destroyed, and become scarce, as in the times of Dioclesian; or when there are but very few faithful evangelical ministers of the word; which, though it is always precious to them that have precious faith in it, the promises of it being exceeding great and precious, and the truths of it more precious than fine gold, and the grand subject of it a precious Saviour, who is so in his person, offices, blood, righteousness, and sacrifice; yet is generally more precious when there is a scarcity of it, when God makes a man, a Gospel minister, more precious than fine gold, even than the golden wedge of Ophir, see Isa 13:12 where the word is used in the same sense as here: there was no open vision; or prophecy, as the Targum; no publicly known prophet raised up, to whom the people could apply for counsel, direction, and instruction in divine things; in all the times of the judges we read only of Deborah the prophetess, and one prophet more, Jdg 4:14, excepting the man of God lately sent to Eli, Sa1 2:27, and this want of prophecy served to set off with greater foil the glory of Samuel as a prophet of the Lord, when he was an established one; there having been none of that character in the memory of man, and therefore he is spoken of as at the head of the prophets, Act 3:24, for though there might be some private visions to particular persons, or God might appear in vision to private persons for their own special use and instruction; yet there was no public vision, or what was for public good and general use: some render it, "no broken up vision" (o); it lay hid, concealed out of sight, as if it was immured and shut up within walls, or like water pent up, that cannot break through its fences, and spread itself; or "not multiplied", as R. Isaiah, not frequent and repeated, the instances of it few and rare; the sense of this clause is much the same as the former. (n) Antiqu. l. 5. c. 10. sect. 4. (o) "perrupta", Piscator; "fracta vel rupta", Drusius.
Matthew Henry Bible Commentary
To make way for the account of God's revealing himself first to Samuel, we are here told, 1. How industrious Samuel was in serving God, according as his place and capacity were (Sa1 3:1): The child Samuel, though but a child, ministered unto the Lord before Eli. It was an aggravation of the wickedness of Eli's sons that the child Samuel shamed them. They rebelled against the Lord, but Samuel ministered to him; they slighted their father's admonitions, but Samuel was observant of them; he ministered before Eli, under his eye and direction. It was the praise of Samuel that he was so far from being influenced by their bad example that he did not in the least fall off, but improved and went on. And it was a preparative for the honours God intended him; he that was thus faithful in a little was soon after entrusted with much more. Let those that are young be humble and diligent, which they will find the surest way to preferment. Those are fittest to rule who have learnt to obey. 2. How scarce a thing prophecy then was, which made the call of Samuel to be the greater surprise to himself and the greater favour to Israel: The word of the Lord was precious in those days. Now and then a man of God was employed as a messenger upon an extraordinary occasion (as Sa1 2:27), but there were no settled prophets, to whom the people might have recourse for counsel, nor from whom they might expect the discoveries of the divine will. And the rarity of prophecy made it the more precious in the account of all those that knew how to put a right value upon it. It was precious, for what there was (it seems) was private: There was no open vision, that is, there were none that were publicly known to have visions. Perhaps the impiety and impurity that prevailed in the tabernacle, and no doubt corrupted the whole nation, had provoked God, as a token of his displeasure, to withdraw the Spirit of prophecy, till the decree had gone forth for the raising up of a more faithful priest, and then, as an earnest of that, this faithful prophet was raised up. The manner of God's revealing himself to Samuel is here related very particularly, for it was uncommon. I. Eli had retired. Samuel had waited on him to his bed, and the rest that attended the service of the sanctuary had gone, we may suppose, to their several apartments (Sa1 3:2): Eli had laid down in his place; he went to bed betimes, being unfit for business and soon weary of it, and perhaps loving his ease too well. Probably he kept his chamber much, which gave his sons the greater liberty. And he sought retirement the more because his eyes began to wax dim, an affliction which came justly upon him for winking at his sons' faults. II. Samuel had laid down to sleep, in some closet near to Eli's room, as his page of the back-stairs, ready within call if the old man should want any thing in the night, perhaps to read to him if he could not sleep. He chose to take Samuel into this office rather than any of his own family, because of the towardly disposition he observed in him. When his own sons were a grief to him, his little servitor was his joy. Let those that are afflicted in their children thank God if they have any about them in whom they are comforted. Samuel had laid down ere the lamp of God went out, Sa1 3:3. It should seem he lay somewhere so near the holy place that he went to bed by that light, before any of the lamps in the branches of the candlestick went out (for the main lamp never went out), which probably was towards midnight. Till that time Samuel had been employing himself in some good exercise or other, reading and prayer, or perhaps cleaning or making ready the holy place; and then went softly to his bed. Then we may expect God's gracious visits, when we are constant and diligent in our duty. III. God called him by name, and he took it for Eli's call, and ran to him, Sa1 3:4, Sa1 3:5. Samuel lay awake in his bed, his thoughts, no doubt, well employed (as David's Psa 63:6), when the Lord called to him, bishop Patrick thinks out of the most holy place, and so the Chaldee paraphrase reads it, A voice was heard out of the temple of the Lord; but Eli, though it is likely he lay nearer, heard it not; yet possibly it might come some other way. Hereupon we have an instance, 1. Of Samuel's industry, and readiness to wait on Eli; supposing it was he that called him, he hastened out of his warm bed and ran to him, to see if he wanted any thing, and perhaps fearing he was not well. "Here am I," said he - a good example to servants, to come when they are called; and to the younger, not only to submit to the elder, but to be careful and tender of them. 2. Of his infirmity, and unacquaintedness with the visions of the Almighty, that he took that to be only Eli's call which was really the call of God. Such mistakes as these we make oftener than we think of. God calls to us by his word, and we take it to be only the call of the minister, and answer it accordingly; he calls to us by his providences, and we look only at the instruments. His voice cries, and it is but here and there a man of wisdom that understands it to be his voice. Eli assured him he did not call him, yet did not chide him for disturbing him with being over-officious, did not call him a fool, and tell him he dreamed, but mildly bade him lie down again, he had nothing for him to do. If servants must be ready at their masters' call, masters also must be tender of their servants' comfort: that thy man-servant and thy maid-servant may rest as well as thou. So Samuel went and lay down. God calls many by the ministry of the word, and they say, as Samuel did, "Here am I;" but not looking at God, nor discerning his voice in the call, the impressions of it are soon lost; they lie down again, and their convictions come to nothing. IV. The same call was repeated, and the same mistake made, a second and third time, Sa1 3:6-9. 1. God continued to call the child yet again (Sa1 3:6), and again the third time, Sa1 3:8. Note, The call which divine grace designs to make effectual shall be repeated till it is so, that is, till we come at the call; for the purpose of God, according to which we are called, shall certainly stand. 2. Samuel was still ignorant that it was the Lord that called him (Sa1 3:7): Samuel did not yet know the Lord. He knew the written word, and was acquainted with the mind of God in that, but he did not yet apprehend the way in which God reveals himself to his servants the prophets, especially by a still small voice; this was altogether new and strange to him. Perhaps he would have been sooner aware of a divine revelation had it come in a dream or a vision; but this was a way he had not only not known himself, but not heard of. Those that have the greatest knowledge of divine things must remember the time when they were as babes, unskilful in the word of righteousness. When I was a child I understood as a child. Yet let us not despise the day of small things. Thus did Samuel (so the margin reads it) before he knew the Lord, and before the word of the Lord was revealed unto him; thus he blundered one time after another, but afterwards he understood his duty better. The witness of the Spirit in the hearts of the faithful is often thus mistaken, by which means they lose the comfort of it; and the strivings of the Spirit with the consciences of sinners are likewise often mistaken, and so the benefit of their convictions is lost. God speaketh once, yea, twice, but man perceiveth it not, Job 33:14. 3. Samuel went to Eli this second and third time, the voice perhaps resembling his, and the child being very near to him; and he tells Eli, with great assurance, "Thou didst call me (Sa1 3:6-8), it could be no one else." Samuel's disposition to come when he was called, though but by Eli, proving him dutiful and active, qualified him for the favour now to be shown him; God chooses to employ such. But there was a special providence in it, that he should go thus often to Eli; for hereby, at length, Eli perceived that the Lord had called the child, Sa1 3:8. And, (1.) This would be a mortification to him, and he would apprehend it to be a step towards his family's being degraded, that when God had something to say he should choose to say it to the child Samuel, his servant that waited on him, and not to him. And it would humble him the more when afterwards he found it was a message to himself, and yet sent to him by a child. He had reason to look upon this as a further token of God's displeasure. (2.) This would put him upon enquiring what it was that God said to Samuel, and would abundantly satisfy him of the truth and certainty of what should be delivered, and no room would be left for him to suggest that it was but a fancy of Samuel's; for before the message was delivered he himself perceived that God was about to speak to him, and yet must not know what it was till he had it from Samuel himself. Thus even the infirmities and mistakes of those whom God employs are overruled by infinite Wisdom, and made serviceable to his purposes. V. At length Samuel was put into a posture to receive a message from God, not to be lodged with himself and go no further, but, that he might be a complete prophet, to be published and made an open vision. 1. Eli, perceiving that it was the voice of God that Samuel heard, gave him instructions what to say, Sa1 3:9. This was honestly done, that though it was a disgrace to him for God's call to pass him by, and be directed to Samuel, yet he put him in the way how to entertain it. Had he been envious of this honour done to Samuel, he would have done what he could to deprive him of it, and, since he did not perceive it himself, would have bidden him lie down and sleep, and never heed it, it was but a dream; but he was of a better spirit than to act so; he gave him the best advice he could, for the forwarding of his advancement. Thus the elder should, without grudging, do their utmost to assist and improve the younger that are rising up, though they see themselves likely to be darkened and eclipsed by them. Let us never be wanting to inform and instruct those that are coming after us, even such as will soon be preferred before us, Joh 1:30. The instruction Eli gave him was, when God called the next time, to say, Speak, Lord, for they servant heareth. He must call himself God's servant, must desire to know the mind of God. "Speak, Lord, speak to me, speak now:" and he must prepare to hear, and promise to attend: Thy servant heareth. Note, Then we may expect that God will speak to us, when we set ourselves to hearken to what he says, Psa 85:8; Hab 2:1. When we come to read the word of God, and to attend on the preaching of it, we should come thus disposed, submitting ourselves to the commanding light and power of it: Speak, Lord, for thy servant heareth. 2. It should seem that God spoke the fourth time in a way somewhat different from the other; though the call was, as at other times, a call to him by name, yet now he stood and called, which intimates that there was now some visible appearance of the divine glory to Samuel, a vision that stood before him, like that before Eliphaz, though he could not discern the form thereof, Job 4:16. This satisfied him that it was not Eli that called; for he now saw the voice that spoke with him, as it is expressed, Rev 1:12. Now also the call was doubled - Samuel, Samuel, as if God delighted in the mention of his name, or to intimate that now he should be made to understand who spoke to him. God hath spoken once, twice have I heard this, Psa 62:11. It was an honour to him that God was pleased to know him by name (Exo 33:12), and then his call was powerful and effectual when he called him by name, and so brought it particularly to him, as Saul, Saul. Thus God called to Abraham by name, Gen 22:1. 3. Samuel said, as he was taught, Speak, for thy servant heareth. Note, Good words should be put into children's mouths betimes, and apt expressions of pious and devout affections, by which they may be prepared for a better acquaintance with divine things, and trained up to a holy converse with them. Teach young people what they shall say, for they cannot order their speech by reason of darkness. Samuel did not now rise and run as before when he thought Eli called, but lay still and listened. The more sedate and composed our spirits are the better prepared they are for divine discoveries. Let all tumultuous thoughts and passions be kept under, and every thing be quiet and serene in the soul, and then we are fit to hear from God. All must be silent when he speaks. But observe, Samuel left out one word; he did not say, Speak, Lord, but only, Speak, for thy servant heareth, way was made for the message he was now to receive, and Samuel was brought acquainted with the words of God and visions of the Almighty, and this ere the lamp of God went out (Sa1 3:3) in the temple of the Lord, which some of the Jewish writers put a mystical sense upon; before the fall of Eli, and the eclipsing of the Urim and Thummim for some time thereby, God called Samuel, and made him an oracle, whence they have an observation among their doctors, That the sun riseth, and the sun goeth down (Ecc 1:5), that is, say they, Ere God maketh the sun of one righteous man to set, he makes the sun of another righteous man to rise. Smith ex Kimchi.
Tyndale Open Study Notes
3:1 messages . . . were very rare . . . visions were quite uncommon: God was not disclosing his will through prophets or priests, so the period was spiritually dark. However, that darkness was about to end when God communicated with Samuel (3:2–4:1a).
1 Samuel 3:1
The LORD Calls Samuel
1And the boy Samuel ministered to the LORD before Eli. Now in those days the word of the LORD was rare and visions were scarce.2And at that time Eli, whose eyesight had grown so dim that he could not see, was lying in his room.
- Scripture
- Sermons
- Commentary
The Great Future of Pentecost
By Jim Cymbala6.9K1:44:41Pentecost1SA 3:1In this sermon, the preacher emphasizes the importance of church meetings and being led by the Holy Spirit. He shares a story about an evangelist who felt a strong conviction not to board a plane and how listening to God's voice can have a profound impact. The preacher also highlights the significance of Samuel in the Bible, who as a young boy, learned to hear and obey God's word, ultimately changing the nation. He concludes by urging the congregation to have an ear to hear what God is saying and to be still in His presence.
(Through the Bible) 1 Samuel 1-10
By Chuck Smith2.7K1:29:081SA 2:51SA 3:11SA 10:71SA 10:91SA 10:11PSA 62:9HEB 7:17In this sermon, the preacher emphasizes the importance of the spirit of God coming upon a person's life and anointing them. He highlights the significance of having a heart turned towards God and being surrounded by like-minded individuals. The sermon also discusses the potential for spiritual growth and impact when these elements are present. However, it warns against the danger of having wrong motives and emphasizes the importance of having the right attitude and intentions in our actions. The preacher concludes by praying for God's guidance, wisdom, and anointing upon the listeners, encouraging them to fulfill the work God has called them to do.
Fren-07 Samuel the Prophet
By Art Katz2.0K1:09:16Samuel1SA 3:1In this sermon, the speaker emphasizes the importance of hearing and obeying the word of the Lord. He uses the example of Samuel, who faithfully listened and spoke the words that God commanded him. The speaker highlights the need for individuals to have the character of Jesus and to be obedient to the word of the Lord. He also discusses the battle that awaits believers, referring to the spiritual enemies that need to be challenged and overcome. The sermon also addresses the religious condition of the age, describing a priest whose eyesight was dim and who was unable to discipline his sons.
Personal Holiness - Part 1
By William MacDonald1.9K39:33HolinessGEN 39:121SA 3:1PSA 101:3PSA 119:9PSA 119:37PRO 4:23MAT 5:29In this sermon, the speaker emphasizes the importance of taking resolute action and exercising strict control over certain aspects of our lives. He specifically mentions the need to control television and movies, as they can be associated with sin and lower our spiritual temperature. The speaker references Bible verses such as Psalm 101:3 and 1 Samuel 3:1 to support his argument. He also shares personal experiences of being raised in a home where movies were prohibited and highlights the story of Joseph as an example of taking decisive action to resist temptation.
(Early Anabaptism) the Anabaptist Vision
By Denny Kenaston1.8K1:17:57AnabaptismGEN 6:141SA 3:1PRO 29:18ROM 8:4REV 3:14In this sermon, Peter references the words of the Prophet Joel to explain why it appears that the men are drunk at 9am. He emphasizes the importance of receiving the vision from God and getting serious with Him. Peter challenges the audience to examine their own vision and what is consuming their hearts and lives. He urges them to respond to God's call, whether it be to accept Jesus as their Savior or to recommit themselves to Him.
To Know God's Will and Do It
By William MacDonald1.8K40:10God's Will1SA 3:1PSA 101:2ISA 30:20MRK 1:19MRK 10:29ROM 12:1In this sermon, the speaker emphasizes the importance of seeking God's guidance in making decisions. He encourages listeners to trust that God has better plans for them than they can imagine. The speaker shares personal stories and biblical references to illustrate how God guides and directs His people. He also emphasizes the need to commit oneself fully to the Lord and seek His wisdom through prayer and reading the Bible.
The Last Days and the Lord's Coming - Faith That Overcomes Fear
By Zac Poonen1.7K59:22Last Days1SA 3:1JHN 14:26JHN 20:192TI 1:7HEB 8:11In this sermon, the preacher discusses the fear that many people experience when thinking about the future and the events that will occur in the last days. He mentions that God will shake everything that can be shaken, as stated in Hebrews 12, and that this shaking will cause fear among people. Jesus also spoke about this fear in Luke 21, saying that men will faint from fear when they see the things that are coming upon the world. The preacher emphasizes the importance of not succumbing to fear but instead straightening up and lifting up our heads, as Jesus instructed. He also highlights the tendency for convictions and truths to evaporate over time unless they are set on fire by the Holy Spirit. The sermon concludes by referencing the disciples' fear even after witnessing Jesus' crucifixion and resurrection, emphasizing the need to overcome fear with the power of the Holy Spirit.
(The Path of the Ark #1) Introduction Hunger
By Ed Miller1.5K1:04:29EXO 25:81SA 1:131SA 3:1MAT 6:331CO 3:161CO 6:19In this sermon, the speaker begins by emphasizing the importance of absolute certainty and finding satisfaction in knowing the truth. He then introduces four symbols or pictures that represent different aspects of the Christian journey. One of these symbols is the attack on stragglers, highlighting the enemy's tactic of targeting those who feel left behind or inadequate. The speaker also mentions that the study will focus on following the Ark, not Noah's Ark, and aims to help believers understand God's heart and their own relationship with Him.
The Simple Gospel Message - Part 1
By Zac Poonen1.2K10:231SA 3:1
This sermon emphasizes the importance of young people in God's plans, highlighting how God has chosen and used young individuals throughout the Bible. It encourages young listeners to make a decision to prioritize God early in life to maximize their impact and avoid regrets. The message also discusses the significance of remembering our Creator in youth, the moldability of young minds for God's purposes, and the distinction between true Christianity centered on Jesus Christ and counterfeit versions.
The Call of Samuel
By Chuck Smith1.2K25:04SamuelEXO 28:11SA 2:271SA 3:1PRO 3:5MAT 6:33HEB 11:6JAS 4:8In this sermon, Pastor Chuck Smith discusses the spiritual decline of the nation of Israel and God's search for a leader to bring about a spiritual renewal. He highlights the story of Hannah, a barren woman whom God used to bring forth a great prophet, Samuel. Pastor Chuck emphasizes the universal thirst in every person's soul for a meaningful relationship with God, which can only be fulfilled through a personal connection with Him. He warns against the counterfeit voices of the New Age movement that seek to fill this spiritual void, emphasizing the importance of seeking God alone.
How to Become a Person of Prayer
By Jim Logan1.0K1:03:09Prayer1SA 3:1PRO 13:20In this sermon, the speaker shares a story about a man who was once involved in guarding prostitutes but later became a believer. The man's wife was a cocaine addict, and they were living in a dark and low place. However, the man eventually recognized the voice of God and had a transformation in his life. The sermon also emphasizes the importance of searching one's heart and being open to hearing God's voice. The speaker refers to a passage in Psalm 139 and encourages the audience to seek intimacy with God. Additionally, the speaker shares a personal story about how God provided for their family's needs in a supernatural way, which influenced their children to become full-time Christians.
Head-Coverings in Worship Part 4
By Milton Vincent96656:51Head Coverings1SA 3:1MAT 6:331CO 11:2In this sermon, the preacher focuses on the topic of head coverings in worship, specifically in 1 Corinthians 11:2-16. The sermon is part 4 of a series on this subject. The preacher begins by reviewing the text and then delves into the arguments given by Paul in support of head coverings. The first argument is based on the structure of relationships in God's economy, emphasizing the hierarchy of Christ, man, woman, and God. The preacher also highlights the importance of having the courage to obey God's instructions, as demonstrated by Samuel's willingness to listen and obey.
(The Path of the Ark #2) Enemy
By Ed Miller88241:101SA 3:11SA 3:20PSA 119:105ISA 55:11MAT 6:33HEB 4:12In this sermon, the preacher discusses the significance of God speaking again after 350 years of silence. He emphasizes that God is revealing himself to Samuel and that this is a great day for Israel. The sermon focuses on the story of the Ark of the Covenant, picking up the narrative 400 years later. The preacher explains that God's movement and response to the cry of the womb and the desire for rest is the first step towards finding rest and ultimately locating the Ark of the Temple.
Samuel - an Epoch Making Vessel
By Stephen Kaung64840:031SA 3:1
This sermon focuses on the story of Samuel from 1 Samuel, highlighting the importance of prevailing prayer, faithfulness in small things, obedience, and the need for revelation in spiritual service. It emphasizes the transition from judgeship to kingship, the significance of being an epoch-making vessel, and the call for overcomers in the church today.
(1 Samuel) When God Announces Judgment
By David Guzik60034:48EXO 20:121SA 2:221SA 2:271SA 3:11SA 3:10MAT 6:33In this sermon, the preacher focuses on the story of Samuel and Eli from the Bible. He highlights how Eli and his sons were engaging in evil dealings and taking advantage of worshipers at the Lord's Tabernacle. The preacher emphasizes that God was fed up with their actions and wanted them to stop. He also points out that Samuel, on the other hand, was a godly boy who ministered to the Lord and responded obediently when God called him. The sermon emphasizes the importance of listening to and obeying God's word.
The Saving Power of Divine Vision (Proverbs 29:18)
By T. Austin-Sparks0Purpose Of GodDivine Vision1SA 3:1PRO 29:18ISA 6:1JER 20:9MAT 16:24ROM 12:12CO 5:7EPH 4:4PHP 3:13HEB 12:2T. Austin-Sparks emphasizes the critical importance of divine vision in the life of believers, asserting that without it, people disintegrate and lose their purpose. He explores how true vision encompasses understanding God's purpose, the principles that govern it, and recognizing why things may be contrary to God's will. Sparks warns that the absence of vision can lead to paralysis and despair, while a clear vision provides strength and cohesion among God's people. He challenges listeners to eliminate self-interest from their vision, drawing parallels with the lives of prophets like Jeremiah and the ultimate example of Jesus. The sermon calls for a deep, personal revelation of God's purpose to sustain believers through trials and uncertainties.
The Preciousness of God's Word
By Octavius Winslow0The Value of ScriptureHope in God's WordEXO 34:61SA 3:1PSA 119:105JHN 1:1JHN 3:16JHN 5:39ROM 10:172TI 3:16HEB 4:121PE 1:23Octavius Winslow emphasizes the unparalleled preciousness of God's Word, asserting that it is the only source of true hope and salvation for humanity. He argues that while nature reveals God's power, it cannot provide answers to the soul's deepest questions about redemption and forgiveness. Winslow highlights the Bible as a divine revelation that not only reveals God's character and love but also serves as a source of comfort and guidance for believers. He urges Christians to hold fast to the truth of Scripture, recognizing its vital role in their spiritual lives and the necessity of approaching it with reverence and a desire to know Jesus. Ultimately, Winslow calls for a deep appreciation of the Word of God as the foundation of faith and the key to eternal life.
The Priests of the Lord - 1
By Chip Brogden01SA 3:1Chip Brogden delves into the deeper understanding of ministry to the Lord, emphasizing a rare form of ministry directed solely to the Lord, distinct from the common ministry directed to and for man. He highlights the importance of meeting the Lord's need, rooted in a love relationship, and explores the concept of ministry that satisfies God's heart's desire for communion and fellowship. Chip Brogden challenges the traditional focus on meeting man's needs in ministry, urging a shift towards ministering to the Lord first and foremost.
1 Thessalonians 1:1-3
By St. John Chrysostom0GEN 6:9EXO 32:321SA 3:1JOB 1:1JOB 42:8ACT 5:41ACT 17:5PHP 1:191TH 1:3John Chrysostom preaches to the Church of the Thessalonians, commending their work of faith, labor of love, and patience of hope in the Lord Jesus Christ. He emphasizes the importance of enduring afflictions with joy through the Holy Spirit, becoming examples to believers in Macedonia and Achaia. Chrysostom encourages believers to be active in virtue, not to despair or be idle, but to be vigilant and prayerful, as prayers co-operate with our own efforts. He warns against complacency and highlights the power of prayers when coupled with personal striving for righteousness.
The Need - God-Given Vision
By T. Austin-Sparks0Spiritual RevelationGod-Given Vision1SA 3:1PRO 29:18ZEC 4:1ACT 26:16ROM 1:1T. Austin-Sparks emphasizes the critical need for God-given vision among believers, asserting that true Christian life and service are rooted in divine revelation. He explains that vision encompasses both the act of seeing and the capacity to perceive what God presents, which is essential for the initiation, continuance, and consummation of spiritual life. Sparks illustrates how vision empowers believers for service, unifies the church, and sustains them through trials, highlighting that without vision, people disintegrate and lose their way. He calls for prayer for a fresh revelation of Christ to bind the church together and to empower believers to fulfill their God-given purposes.
A New Priesthood Arises
By George Warnock0Faithful LeadershipNew Beginnings1SA 1:201SA 2:351SA 3:11SA 4:111SA 4:221SA 7:21SA 10:191SA 16:1HEB 5:6REV 1:6George Warnock emphasizes the transition from the corrupt priesthood of Eli to the rise of Samuel, a faithful servant of God, who was born from Hannah's deep cries for a son. This new priesthood symbolizes hope and a fresh vision from the Lord during a time of spiritual darkness in Israel. Warnock draws parallels between Samuel's emergence and the need for a new generation of believers who will embody Christ's image and serve as God's oracles in a confused world. He highlights that God's plans unfold in His timing, and true victory comes from reliance on Him rather than human efforts. The sermon concludes with the reminder that even in defeat, God's presence and purpose remain steadfast, as seen in the return of the ark of the covenant.
Let All Keep Their Places in the Monastery
By St. Benedict of Nursia01SA 3:1PRO 22:6DAN 1:3COL 3:231TI 5:1St. Benedict of Nursia emphasizes the importance of order and discipline within the monastery, highlighting the Abbot's role in maintaining fairness and accountability in his decisions. The Abbot is urged to consider the consequences of his actions before God and to avoid unjust or arbitrary use of power. St. Benedict stresses that age or status should not determine one's place in the monastery, citing examples of young individuals who held positions of authority in the Bible. Discipline is to be upheld for all, including boys, to ensure harmony and respect within the community.
Serve the Lord
By Erlo Stegen0FaithfulnessFamily CommitmentJOS 24:151SA 3:1PSA 100:2PRO 3:5MAT 6:24ROM 12:11CO 15:58EPH 6:7COL 3:23HEB 10:23Erlo Stegen emphasizes the commitment to serve the Lord as a family, reflecting on Arno's journey and the importance of faithfulness in ministry. He highlights the significance of Arno and Franzi's wedding text, 'As for me and my house, we will serve the Lord,' and challenges the congregation to consider their own dedication to God amidst trials. Stegen encourages believers to remain steadfast in their service to Jesus, rejecting idols and distractions that may lead them away from their calling.
- Adam Clarke
- Keil-Delitzsch
- John Gill
- Matthew Henry
- Tyndale
Adam Clarke Bible Commentary
Samuel ministered unto the Lord - He performed minor services in the tabernacle, under the direction of Eli, such as opening the doors, etc. See Sa1 3:15. The word of the Lord was precious - There were but few revelations from God; and because the word was scarce, therefore it was valuable. The author of this book probably lived at a time when prophecy was frequent, See the preface. There was no open vision - There was no public accredited prophet; one with whom the secret of the Lord was known to dwell, and to whom all might have recourse in cases of doubt or public emergency.
Carl Friedrich Keil and Franz Delitzsch Old Testament Commentary
At the time when Samuel served the Lord before Eli, both as a boy and as a young man (Sa1 2:11, Sa1 2:21, Sa1 2:26), the word of the Lord had become dear, i.e., rare, in Israel, and "Prophecy was not spread." נפרץ, from פּרץ, to spread out strongly, to break through copiously (cf. Pro 3:10). The "word of the Lord" is the word of God announced by prophets: the "vision," "visio prophetica." It is true that Jehovah had promised His people, that He would send prophets, who should make known His will and purpose at all times (Deu 18:15.; cf. Num 23:23); but as a revelation from God presupposed susceptibility on the part of men, the unbelief and disobedience of the people might restrain the fulfilment of this and all similar promises, and God might even withdraw His word to punish the idolatrous nation. Such a time as this, when revelations from God were universally rare, and had now arisen under Eli, in whose days, as the conduct of his sons sufficiently proves, the priesthood had fallen into very deep corruption. Sa1 3:2-4 The word of the Lord was then issued for the first time to Samuel. Sa1 3:2-4 form one period. The clause, "it came to pass at that time" (Sa1 3:2), is continued in Sa1 3:4, "that the Lord called," etc. The intervening clauses from ועלי to אלהים ארון are circumstantial clauses, intended to throw light upon the situation. The clause, "Eli was laid down in his place," etc., may be connected logically with "at that time" by the insertion of "when" (as in the English version: Tr.). The dimness of Eli's eyes is mentioned, to explain Samuel's behaviour, as afterwards described. Under these circumstances, for example, when Samuel heard his own name called out in sleep, he might easily suppose that Eli was calling him to render some assistance. The "lamp of God" is the light of the candlestick in the tabernacle, the seven lamps of which were put up and lighted every evening, and burned through the night till all the oil was consumed (see Exo 30:8; Lev 24:2; Ch2 13:11, and the explanation given at Exo 27:21). The statement that this light was not yet extinguished, is equivalent to "before the morning dawn." "And Samuel was lying (sleeping) in the temple of Jehovah, where the ark of God was." היכל does not mean the holy place, as distinguished from the "most holy," as in Kg1 6:5; Kg1 7:50, (Note: The Masoretes have taken היכל in this sense, and therefore have placed the Athnach under שׁכב rednu, to separate שׁכב וּשׁמוּאל from יי בּהיכל, and thus to guard against the conclusion, which might be drawn from this view of היכל that Samuel slept in the holy place.) but the whole tabernacle, the tent with its court, as the palace of the God-king, as in Sa1 1:9; Psa 11:4. Samuel neither slept in the holy place by the side of the candlestick and table of shew-bread, nor in the most holy place in front of the ark of the covenant, but in the court, where cells were built for the priests and Levites to live in when serving at the sanctuary (see at Sa1 3:15). "The ark of God, i.e., the ark of the covenant, is mentioned as the throne of the divine presence, from which the call to Samuel proceeded. Sa1 3:5-9 As soon as Samuel heard his name called out, he hastened to Eli to receive his commands. But Eli bade him lie down again, as he had not called him. At first, no doubt, he thought the call which Samuel had heard was nothing more than a false impression of the youth, who had been fast asleep. But the same thing was repeated a second and a third time; for, as the historian explains in Sa1 3:6, "Samuel had not yet known Jehovah, and (for) the word of Jehovah was not yet revealed to him." (The perfect ידע after טרם, though very rare, is fully supported by Psa 90:2 and Pro 8:25, and therefore is not to be altered into ידע, as Dietrich and Bttcher propose.) He therefore imagined again that Eli had called him. But when he came to Eli after the third call, Eli perceived that the Lord was calling, and directed Samuel, if the call were repeated, to answer, "Speak, Lord; for Thy servant heareth."
John Gill Bible Commentary
And the child Samuel ministered unto the Lord before Eli,.... Under his direction and instruction; the Targum is, in the life of Eli, and in such parts of service, relating to the tabernacle of the Lord, as he was capable of, such as opening and shutting the doors of it, lighting the lamps, singing the praises of God, &c. according to Josephus (n), and others, he was now about twelve years of age: and the word of the Lord was precious in those days; that is, a word from the Lord in a dream or vision, directing, informing, instructing, or reproving, this was very rarely had; of late there had been but very few instances; and which accounts for it why not only the child Samuel knew not that it was the voice of the Lord that called to him, but Eli himself thought nothing of it until he had called a third time, so rare and scarce was any instance of this kind; for which reason these words are premised in the following narration: and as everything that is scarce and rare is generally precious, so the word of God in this way also was; and so it is as considered in every view of it; as the written word of God; when there was but little of it penned, as at this time, and few or none to teach and instruct in it, Eli being old, and his sons so vile; or when it is forbidden to be read, and the copies of it destroyed, and become scarce, as in the times of Dioclesian; or when there are but very few faithful evangelical ministers of the word; which, though it is always precious to them that have precious faith in it, the promises of it being exceeding great and precious, and the truths of it more precious than fine gold, and the grand subject of it a precious Saviour, who is so in his person, offices, blood, righteousness, and sacrifice; yet is generally more precious when there is a scarcity of it, when God makes a man, a Gospel minister, more precious than fine gold, even than the golden wedge of Ophir, see Isa 13:12 where the word is used in the same sense as here: there was no open vision; or prophecy, as the Targum; no publicly known prophet raised up, to whom the people could apply for counsel, direction, and instruction in divine things; in all the times of the judges we read only of Deborah the prophetess, and one prophet more, Jdg 4:14, excepting the man of God lately sent to Eli, Sa1 2:27, and this want of prophecy served to set off with greater foil the glory of Samuel as a prophet of the Lord, when he was an established one; there having been none of that character in the memory of man, and therefore he is spoken of as at the head of the prophets, Act 3:24, for though there might be some private visions to particular persons, or God might appear in vision to private persons for their own special use and instruction; yet there was no public vision, or what was for public good and general use: some render it, "no broken up vision" (o); it lay hid, concealed out of sight, as if it was immured and shut up within walls, or like water pent up, that cannot break through its fences, and spread itself; or "not multiplied", as R. Isaiah, not frequent and repeated, the instances of it few and rare; the sense of this clause is much the same as the former. (n) Antiqu. l. 5. c. 10. sect. 4. (o) "perrupta", Piscator; "fracta vel rupta", Drusius.
Matthew Henry Bible Commentary
To make way for the account of God's revealing himself first to Samuel, we are here told, 1. How industrious Samuel was in serving God, according as his place and capacity were (Sa1 3:1): The child Samuel, though but a child, ministered unto the Lord before Eli. It was an aggravation of the wickedness of Eli's sons that the child Samuel shamed them. They rebelled against the Lord, but Samuel ministered to him; they slighted their father's admonitions, but Samuel was observant of them; he ministered before Eli, under his eye and direction. It was the praise of Samuel that he was so far from being influenced by their bad example that he did not in the least fall off, but improved and went on. And it was a preparative for the honours God intended him; he that was thus faithful in a little was soon after entrusted with much more. Let those that are young be humble and diligent, which they will find the surest way to preferment. Those are fittest to rule who have learnt to obey. 2. How scarce a thing prophecy then was, which made the call of Samuel to be the greater surprise to himself and the greater favour to Israel: The word of the Lord was precious in those days. Now and then a man of God was employed as a messenger upon an extraordinary occasion (as Sa1 2:27), but there were no settled prophets, to whom the people might have recourse for counsel, nor from whom they might expect the discoveries of the divine will. And the rarity of prophecy made it the more precious in the account of all those that knew how to put a right value upon it. It was precious, for what there was (it seems) was private: There was no open vision, that is, there were none that were publicly known to have visions. Perhaps the impiety and impurity that prevailed in the tabernacle, and no doubt corrupted the whole nation, had provoked God, as a token of his displeasure, to withdraw the Spirit of prophecy, till the decree had gone forth for the raising up of a more faithful priest, and then, as an earnest of that, this faithful prophet was raised up. The manner of God's revealing himself to Samuel is here related very particularly, for it was uncommon. I. Eli had retired. Samuel had waited on him to his bed, and the rest that attended the service of the sanctuary had gone, we may suppose, to their several apartments (Sa1 3:2): Eli had laid down in his place; he went to bed betimes, being unfit for business and soon weary of it, and perhaps loving his ease too well. Probably he kept his chamber much, which gave his sons the greater liberty. And he sought retirement the more because his eyes began to wax dim, an affliction which came justly upon him for winking at his sons' faults. II. Samuel had laid down to sleep, in some closet near to Eli's room, as his page of the back-stairs, ready within call if the old man should want any thing in the night, perhaps to read to him if he could not sleep. He chose to take Samuel into this office rather than any of his own family, because of the towardly disposition he observed in him. When his own sons were a grief to him, his little servitor was his joy. Let those that are afflicted in their children thank God if they have any about them in whom they are comforted. Samuel had laid down ere the lamp of God went out, Sa1 3:3. It should seem he lay somewhere so near the holy place that he went to bed by that light, before any of the lamps in the branches of the candlestick went out (for the main lamp never went out), which probably was towards midnight. Till that time Samuel had been employing himself in some good exercise or other, reading and prayer, or perhaps cleaning or making ready the holy place; and then went softly to his bed. Then we may expect God's gracious visits, when we are constant and diligent in our duty. III. God called him by name, and he took it for Eli's call, and ran to him, Sa1 3:4, Sa1 3:5. Samuel lay awake in his bed, his thoughts, no doubt, well employed (as David's Psa 63:6), when the Lord called to him, bishop Patrick thinks out of the most holy place, and so the Chaldee paraphrase reads it, A voice was heard out of the temple of the Lord; but Eli, though it is likely he lay nearer, heard it not; yet possibly it might come some other way. Hereupon we have an instance, 1. Of Samuel's industry, and readiness to wait on Eli; supposing it was he that called him, he hastened out of his warm bed and ran to him, to see if he wanted any thing, and perhaps fearing he was not well. "Here am I," said he - a good example to servants, to come when they are called; and to the younger, not only to submit to the elder, but to be careful and tender of them. 2. Of his infirmity, and unacquaintedness with the visions of the Almighty, that he took that to be only Eli's call which was really the call of God. Such mistakes as these we make oftener than we think of. God calls to us by his word, and we take it to be only the call of the minister, and answer it accordingly; he calls to us by his providences, and we look only at the instruments. His voice cries, and it is but here and there a man of wisdom that understands it to be his voice. Eli assured him he did not call him, yet did not chide him for disturbing him with being over-officious, did not call him a fool, and tell him he dreamed, but mildly bade him lie down again, he had nothing for him to do. If servants must be ready at their masters' call, masters also must be tender of their servants' comfort: that thy man-servant and thy maid-servant may rest as well as thou. So Samuel went and lay down. God calls many by the ministry of the word, and they say, as Samuel did, "Here am I;" but not looking at God, nor discerning his voice in the call, the impressions of it are soon lost; they lie down again, and their convictions come to nothing. IV. The same call was repeated, and the same mistake made, a second and third time, Sa1 3:6-9. 1. God continued to call the child yet again (Sa1 3:6), and again the third time, Sa1 3:8. Note, The call which divine grace designs to make effectual shall be repeated till it is so, that is, till we come at the call; for the purpose of God, according to which we are called, shall certainly stand. 2. Samuel was still ignorant that it was the Lord that called him (Sa1 3:7): Samuel did not yet know the Lord. He knew the written word, and was acquainted with the mind of God in that, but he did not yet apprehend the way in which God reveals himself to his servants the prophets, especially by a still small voice; this was altogether new and strange to him. Perhaps he would have been sooner aware of a divine revelation had it come in a dream or a vision; but this was a way he had not only not known himself, but not heard of. Those that have the greatest knowledge of divine things must remember the time when they were as babes, unskilful in the word of righteousness. When I was a child I understood as a child. Yet let us not despise the day of small things. Thus did Samuel (so the margin reads it) before he knew the Lord, and before the word of the Lord was revealed unto him; thus he blundered one time after another, but afterwards he understood his duty better. The witness of the Spirit in the hearts of the faithful is often thus mistaken, by which means they lose the comfort of it; and the strivings of the Spirit with the consciences of sinners are likewise often mistaken, and so the benefit of their convictions is lost. God speaketh once, yea, twice, but man perceiveth it not, Job 33:14. 3. Samuel went to Eli this second and third time, the voice perhaps resembling his, and the child being very near to him; and he tells Eli, with great assurance, "Thou didst call me (Sa1 3:6-8), it could be no one else." Samuel's disposition to come when he was called, though but by Eli, proving him dutiful and active, qualified him for the favour now to be shown him; God chooses to employ such. But there was a special providence in it, that he should go thus often to Eli; for hereby, at length, Eli perceived that the Lord had called the child, Sa1 3:8. And, (1.) This would be a mortification to him, and he would apprehend it to be a step towards his family's being degraded, that when God had something to say he should choose to say it to the child Samuel, his servant that waited on him, and not to him. And it would humble him the more when afterwards he found it was a message to himself, and yet sent to him by a child. He had reason to look upon this as a further token of God's displeasure. (2.) This would put him upon enquiring what it was that God said to Samuel, and would abundantly satisfy him of the truth and certainty of what should be delivered, and no room would be left for him to suggest that it was but a fancy of Samuel's; for before the message was delivered he himself perceived that God was about to speak to him, and yet must not know what it was till he had it from Samuel himself. Thus even the infirmities and mistakes of those whom God employs are overruled by infinite Wisdom, and made serviceable to his purposes. V. At length Samuel was put into a posture to receive a message from God, not to be lodged with himself and go no further, but, that he might be a complete prophet, to be published and made an open vision. 1. Eli, perceiving that it was the voice of God that Samuel heard, gave him instructions what to say, Sa1 3:9. This was honestly done, that though it was a disgrace to him for God's call to pass him by, and be directed to Samuel, yet he put him in the way how to entertain it. Had he been envious of this honour done to Samuel, he would have done what he could to deprive him of it, and, since he did not perceive it himself, would have bidden him lie down and sleep, and never heed it, it was but a dream; but he was of a better spirit than to act so; he gave him the best advice he could, for the forwarding of his advancement. Thus the elder should, without grudging, do their utmost to assist and improve the younger that are rising up, though they see themselves likely to be darkened and eclipsed by them. Let us never be wanting to inform and instruct those that are coming after us, even such as will soon be preferred before us, Joh 1:30. The instruction Eli gave him was, when God called the next time, to say, Speak, Lord, for they servant heareth. He must call himself God's servant, must desire to know the mind of God. "Speak, Lord, speak to me, speak now:" and he must prepare to hear, and promise to attend: Thy servant heareth. Note, Then we may expect that God will speak to us, when we set ourselves to hearken to what he says, Psa 85:8; Hab 2:1. When we come to read the word of God, and to attend on the preaching of it, we should come thus disposed, submitting ourselves to the commanding light and power of it: Speak, Lord, for thy servant heareth. 2. It should seem that God spoke the fourth time in a way somewhat different from the other; though the call was, as at other times, a call to him by name, yet now he stood and called, which intimates that there was now some visible appearance of the divine glory to Samuel, a vision that stood before him, like that before Eliphaz, though he could not discern the form thereof, Job 4:16. This satisfied him that it was not Eli that called; for he now saw the voice that spoke with him, as it is expressed, Rev 1:12. Now also the call was doubled - Samuel, Samuel, as if God delighted in the mention of his name, or to intimate that now he should be made to understand who spoke to him. God hath spoken once, twice have I heard this, Psa 62:11. It was an honour to him that God was pleased to know him by name (Exo 33:12), and then his call was powerful and effectual when he called him by name, and so brought it particularly to him, as Saul, Saul. Thus God called to Abraham by name, Gen 22:1. 3. Samuel said, as he was taught, Speak, for thy servant heareth. Note, Good words should be put into children's mouths betimes, and apt expressions of pious and devout affections, by which they may be prepared for a better acquaintance with divine things, and trained up to a holy converse with them. Teach young people what they shall say, for they cannot order their speech by reason of darkness. Samuel did not now rise and run as before when he thought Eli called, but lay still and listened. The more sedate and composed our spirits are the better prepared they are for divine discoveries. Let all tumultuous thoughts and passions be kept under, and every thing be quiet and serene in the soul, and then we are fit to hear from God. All must be silent when he speaks. But observe, Samuel left out one word; he did not say, Speak, Lord, but only, Speak, for thy servant heareth, way was made for the message he was now to receive, and Samuel was brought acquainted with the words of God and visions of the Almighty, and this ere the lamp of God went out (Sa1 3:3) in the temple of the Lord, which some of the Jewish writers put a mystical sense upon; before the fall of Eli, and the eclipsing of the Urim and Thummim for some time thereby, God called Samuel, and made him an oracle, whence they have an observation among their doctors, That the sun riseth, and the sun goeth down (Ecc 1:5), that is, say they, Ere God maketh the sun of one righteous man to set, he makes the sun of another righteous man to rise. Smith ex Kimchi.
Tyndale Open Study Notes
3:1 messages . . . were very rare . . . visions were quite uncommon: God was not disclosing his will through prophets or priests, so the period was spiritually dark. However, that darkness was about to end when God communicated with Samuel (3:2–4:1a).