G2323 θεραπεύω (therapeúō)

θεραπεύω [page 289] The most effective point which Harnack ( Luke the Physician , p. 15 f.) has gleaned after Hobart is his proof that Luke practised in Melita ( Act_28:10 honoured us with many honours ). To this Ramsay ( Luke , p. 16 f.) has added the note that θεραπεύω , used as a medical term, means strictly treat medically rather than heal (cf. what is said s.v. θεραπεία ad init .), and it may be well to illustrate this somewhat fully both from the papyri and the inscriptions. Thus in a medical receipt of early i/A.D. for sores in the nose, P Oxy VIII. 1088 .80 , it is enjoined ἀρσενικὸν τρῖψον λῆον , ὕπτιον κατακλίνας τὸν ἄνθρωπον θεράπευε , rub yellow orpiment smooth, then lay the man on his back and treat him (Edd.). From a somewhat later date, ii/iii A.D., ib. I. 40, we have a petitioner asking immunity from some form of public service on the ground that he was a doctor .5 ff. ἰατρὸς ὑπάρχων τὴ [ν τέ ]χνην τούτους αὐτοὺς οἵτινές με εἰς λειτο [υ ]ρ [γ ]ίαν δεδώκασι ἐθεράπευσα , I am a doctor by profession and I have treated these very persons who have assigned me a public burden : to which the prefect replies .7 f. τάχα κακῶς αὐτοὺς ἐθεράπευσας , perhaps your treatment was wrong (Edd.). Similarly in P Flor 11. 222 .14 (A.D. 256) a man writes asking that a certain medicine should be sent, ἵνα καὶ ὁ ταῦρος θεραπεύθη , in order that my bull may be treated, and in P Oxy IX. 1222 .8 (iv/A.D.) a request is made that along with a colt various drugs may be forwarded, εἵνα θεραπεύσω αὐτὸν ὧδε ἔξω , that I may doctor him away here (Ed.). To these exx. we may add a heathen amulet of iii/A.D., where the meaning passes into actual healing, BGU III. 956 ἐξορκίζω ὑμᾶς κατὰ τοῦ ἁγίου ονόματος θεραπεῦσαι τὸν Διονύσιον . . . ἀπὸ πα [ν ]τὸς ῥίγου ( l. ῥίγους ) καὶ πυρετοῦ : with the constr. cf. Luk_5:15 al. Turning to the inscrr. a good example of the stricter meaning of the verb occurs at the end of the great inscr. from the Asclepieum at Epidaurus, Syll 802 .126 (iii/B.C.) where of a παῖς ἀϊδής it is said οὗ [τος ] ὕπαρ ὑπὸ κυνὸς τῶν κατὰ τὸ ἱαρὸν θε [ραπ ]ευόμενος τοὺς ὀπ [τί ]λλους (Dor. for ὀφθαλμούς ) ὑ [γιὴ ]ς ἀπῆλθε . Four or five centuries later a similar inscription from the same place, ib. 804 .20 , has τεθεράπευσαι , χρὴ δὲ ἀποδιδόναι τὰ ἴατρα , treatment has been prescribed for you, and you must pay the physician s fee : the actual treatment is to follow. Cf. also OGIS 220 .4 (iii/B.C.) ἐπειδὴ ὁ βασιλεὺς Ἀντίοχος ἐπέσταλκεν ὅτι τραυματίας γενόμενος ἐν τῆι μάχηι εἰς τὸν τράχηλον θεραπευθ [είη ] ὑπὸ Μητροδώρου τοῦ ἰατροῦ ἀκινδύν (ω )ς κτλ . For the verb used of religious service (as in Act_17:25 , and Isa_54:17 its only occurence in the LXX : see Thackeray Gr. i. p. 8) we may cite P Lond 22 .5 (B.C. 164 3) (= I p. 7) ἡμῶν θεραπευουσῶν ὑπὲρ τοῦ βασίλεως of the Twins in the Serapeum, and P Giss I. 20 .20 (ii/ A.D.) (= Chrest I. p. 124 ) Where, with reference to a private shrine of the Dioscuri, the owner Apollonius is informed that a certain Areius, is ready to undertake the needful service Ἄρειος ὁ κωλοπλάστης ( modeller ) θεραπεύει αὐτοὺς καὶ ἔλεγεν ὅτι ἐὰ [ν ] Ἀπολλώνιός μοι γράψῃ περὶ αὐτῶν , θεραπε [ύ ]σω προῖκα . So Michel 982 .14 (B.C. 217 16) καλῶς καὶ εὐσεβῶς διετέλεσεν θεραπεύουσα τὰς θεάς , OGIS 90 .40 (the Rosetta stone,B.C. 196) τοὺς ἱερεῖς θεραπεύειν τὰς εἰκόνας τρὶς τῆς ἡμέρας , Syll 583 .80 (i/A.D.) τῶν ἱεροδούλων καὶ τὸν θεὸν θεραπευόντων , and ib. 633 .11 (ii/A.D.) καὶ εὐείλατος γένοι (τ )ο ὁ θεὸς τοῖς θεραπεύουσιν ἁπλῇ τῇ ψυχῇ . In P Tor I. 1 ii. 22 (B.C. 117 6) the verb is used with reference to those who care for dead bodies αἶς ( sc .θεαῖς ) ἀθέμιτά ἐστιν νεκρὰ σώματα , καὶ οἱ ταῦτα θεραπεύοντες , and in P Giss I. 79 iv. 3 ( c. A.D. 117) of cloaks that had been repaired τοὺς φα̣ι̣νο [ύ ]λας σου τεθεραπευομένους ἤνεγκεν ἀπ᾽ Ἀλεξανδρείας Ἀπολλώνιος ὁ ἀδελφός σου . See also the early P Magd 15 .3 (B.C. 221) where a barber claims that he has served his patron in an irreproachable manner τεθεραπευκὼς ἀνεγκλή [τως . For the subst. θεραπευτής , see P Land 44 .19 (B.C. 161) (= I. p. 34) ὑπὸ τοῦ Σαράπιος θεραπευτῶν , and OGIS 251 .4 (B.C. 175 164), where the editor slates that the word connotes both deorum cultores and hominum ministri.

θεραπεύω [in LXX for יָשַׁב, etc. ;] __1. to do service, serve: with accusative of person(s), pass., Act.17:25. __2. As medical term, to treat (MM, Exp., xv), cure, heal: Mat.12:10, Mrk.6:5, Luk.6:7, al.; with accusative of person(s), Mat.4:24, Mrk.1:34, al.; before ἀπό, Luk.5:15 6:18 7:21 8:2, 43; θ. νόσον (μαλακίαν), Mat.4:23, al SYN: ἰάομαι (see Field, Notes, 60; MM, Exp., l.with) (AS)