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Song of Solomon 5:1 — Word Study

Depth

WLCבָּ֣אתִי לְגַנִּי֮ אֲחֹתִ֣י כַלָּה֒ אָרִ֤יתִי מוֹרִי֙ עִם־ בְּשָׂמִ֔י אָכַ֤לְתִּי יַעְרִי֙ עִם־ דִּבְשִׁ֔י שָׁתִ֥יתִי יֵינִ֖י עִם־ חֲלָבִ֑י אִכְל֣וּ רֵעִ֔ים שְׁת֥וּ וְשִׁכְר֖וּ דּוֹדִֽים׃ ס

BSAI have comebôwʼ [entered, approached] to my gardengan [a place of beauty and intimacy] my sisterʼâchôwth [a term of endearment, close relative] my bridekallâh [daughter-in-law, beloved] I have gatheredʼârâh [plucked, harvested] my myrrhmôr [a bitter resin] withʻim my spicebâsâm [sweet-smelling fragrance] I have eatenʼâkal [devoured, consumed] my honeycombyaʻar [a sweet, golden treat] withʻim my honeydᵉbash I have drunkshâthâh [consumed, feasted on] my wineyayin [fermented, intoxicating] withʻim my milkchâlâb Eatʼâkal O friendsrêaʻ [companions, loved ones] [and] drinkshâthâh [feast, be merry] drink freelyshâkar [be filled, indulge, abundantly, without restraint] O beloveddôwd [loved ones, dear ones]

Word
Listen & take awaySong of Solomon 5
Hebrew ↓ Download MP3 The Masoretic text of this chapter, read aloud. Read by Abraham Shmuelof, courtesy of Audio Scriptures International. Chapter divisions by the Academy of Ancient Languages..
Say the word Each Hebrew word carries its transliteration (do.Dim) — no per-word recordings of the Hebrew exist to link to.
Take it away
Song of Solomon 5:1quick helps
In a sentenceThe speaker expresses joy in coming to their beloved, sharing various delights of the garden.
Who is speakingThe beloved, addressing their intimate circle.
Where we areA poetic celebration of love and intimacy, rich with sensory imagery.
The hard wordכַלָּה
Take awayThe imagery of a garden evokes beauty, intimacy, and the joy of shared abundance.
clause verbבּוֹא The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
How rare are these words?in the Old Testament

1 of 21 occurs nowhere else in the Old Testament — a word chosen on purpose.

Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.

Deep Study — Song of Solomon 5:1

Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.

Context — The Celebration of Lovegenerated

1I have come to my garden, my sister, my bride; I have gathered my myrrh with my spice. I have eaten my honeycomb with my honey; I have drunk my wine with my milk. The Friends Eat, O friends, and drink; drink freely, O beloved.
2I sleep, but my heart is awake. A sound! My beloved is knocking: “Open to me, my sister, my darling, my dove, my flawless one. My head is drenched with dew, my hair with the dampness of the night.”
3I have taken off my robe— must I put it back on? I have washed my feet— must I soil them again?
4My beloved put his hand to the latch; my heart pounded for him.

Song of Solomon 5:1 describes a scene where the speaker joyfully declares their arrival at a garden, a metaphor for love and intimacy. The verse emphasizes the pleasures of love through the imagery of gathering and sharing delightful things, such as myrrh and honey, with a close companion. This reflects the deep emotional connection and mutual enjoyment between lovers, resonating with themes of affection found throughout the Song of Solomon.


The Key Word כַלָּה, kha.Lahgenerated

The word כַלָּה (kha.Lah) primarily means 'bride' or 'daughter-in-law.' It signifies a beloved partner in a marital context, emphasizing the intimate bond between the speaker and the one addressed. This term is derived from a root meaning 'to be perfect,' suggesting completeness and fulfillment in love.

In this verse, the use of כַלָּה underscores the theme of romantic love and commitment, as the speaker refers to their beloved as both a bride and a close relative, indicating a deep, personal connection.


How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated

This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.


Sentence Structuregenerated

The verse consists of multiple clauses, with the main action centered around the finite verbs: בָּאתִי (I have come), אָרִיתִי (I have gathered), אָכַלְתִּי (I have eaten), and שָׁתִיתִי (I have drunk). Each verb introduces a new action related to the speaker's experiences in the garden.

The structure emphasizes the sequential nature of the speaker's actions, highlighting the abundance of sensory experiences shared with the beloved. The verbs are followed by noun phrases that detail what is being enjoyed, creating a rich tapestry of imagery.


Septuagint Backgroundgenerated

The Septuagint translates בָּאתִי as εἰσῆλθον (I entered), which conveys a sense of arrival and approach, consistent with the Hebrew meaning. This choice reflects the intimate nature of the entrance into the garden.

The translation of כַלָּה as νύμφη (bride) retains the romantic connotation, emphasizing the relationship between the speaker and the beloved.


In plain words — the whole versegenerated

Song of Solomon 5:1 expresses the joy of the speaker as they arrive at their garden, which symbolizes love and intimacy. They share delightful things like myrrh and honey, reflecting the pleasures of their relationship. The verse highlights the beauty of love through sensory experiences.


Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated

What does the garden symbolize in this verse?

The garden symbolizes a place of beauty, intimacy, and the richness of love shared between the speaker and their beloved.

Why are myrrh and honey significant here?

Myrrh and honey represent the sweetness and richness of love, emphasizing the pleasures and delights that come with intimacy.

What is the significance of calling the beloved 'sister'?

The term 'sister' is a term of endearment, indicating a close and intimate relationship, which adds depth to the bond shared between the speaker and the beloved.

How does this verse reflect the themes of the Song of Solomon?

This verse reflects the themes of love, intimacy, and the celebration of romantic relationships, which are central to the entire book of the Song of Solomon.


Reflection Questionsgenerated

  1. What are some ways I can cultivate intimacy in my relationships, similar to the imagery of the garden?
  2. How do the sensory details in this verse enhance my understanding of love?
  3. In what ways can I express appreciation for the 'sweet' moments in my life?
  4. How does the use of terms like 'sister' and 'bride' shape my view of close relationships?

The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company

Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.

Modern formal

BSBBerean Standard Bible2020

I have come to my garden, my sister, my bride; I have gathered my myrrh with my spice. I have eaten my honeycomb with my honey; I have drunk my wine with my milk. The Friends Eat, O friends, and drink; drink freely, O beloved.

WEBWorld English Bible2000

I have come into my garden, my sister, my bride. I have gathered my myrrh with my spice; I have eaten my honeycomb with my honey; I have drunk my wine with my milk. Friends Eat, friends! Drink, yes, drink abundantly, beloved.

MSBMajority Standard Bible2022

I have come to my garden, my sister, my bride; I have gathered my myrrh with my spice. I have eaten my honeycomb with my honey; I have drunk my wine with my milk. Eat, O friends, and drink; drink freely, O beloved.

NETBNew English Translation2006

I have entered my garden, O my sister, my bride; I have gathered my myrrh with my balsam spice. I have eaten my honeycomb and my honey; I have drunk my wine and my milk! The Poet to the Couple: Eat, friends, and drink! Drink freely, O lovers!

Tyndale line

KJVKing James Version1611

I am come into my garden, my sister, my spouse: I have gathered my myrrh with my spice; I have eaten my honeycomb with my honey; I have drunk my wine with my milk: eat, O friends; drink, yea, drink abundantly, O beloved.

ASVAmerican Standard Version1901

I am come into my garden, my sister, my bride: I have gathered my myrrh with my spice; I have eaten my honeycomb with my honey; I have drunk my wine with my milk. Eat, O friends; Drink, yea, drink abundantly, O beloved.

RVARevised Version, American1894

I AM come into my garden, my sister, my bride: I have gathered my myrrh with my spice; I have eaten my honeycomb with my honey; I have drunk my wine with my milk. Eat, O friends; drink, yea, drink abundantly, O beloved.

NWBWebster's Bible1833

I have come into my garden, my sister, my spouse: I have gathered my myrrh, with my spice; I have eaten my honey-comb with my honey; I have drank my wine with my milk: eat, O friends; drink, yes, drink abundantly, O beloved.

GNVGeneva Bible1599

I am come into my garden, my sister, my spouse: I gathered my myrrhe with my spice: I ate mine hony combe with mine hony, I dranke my wine with my milke: eate, O friends, drinke, and make you merie, O welbeloued.

Strictly literal

DBYDarby Translation1890

I am come into my garden, my sister, [my] spouse; I have gathered my myrrh with my spice; I have eaten my honeycomb with my honey; I have drunk my wine with my milk. Eat, O friends; drink, yea, drink abundantly, beloved ones!

YLTYoung's Literal Translation1862

I have come in to my garden, my sister-spouse, I have plucked my myrrh with my spice, I have eaten my comb with my honey, I have drunk my wine with my milk. Eat, O friends, drink, Yea, drink abundantly, O beloved ones!

LSVLiteral Standard Version2020

I have come to my garden, my sister-spouse, || I have plucked my myrrh with my spice, || I have eaten my comb with my honey, || I have drunk my wine with my milk. Eat, O friends, drink, || Indeed, drink abundantly, O beloved ones!

ILTInterlinear Literal Translation2000

I am come into my garden, my sister, [my] bride; I have plucked my myrrh with my spice; I have eaten my sugar-cane with my honey; I have drunk my wine with my milk: eat, ye companions; drink, yea, drink abundantly, ye friends.—

ULBUnlocked Literal Bible2017

I have come into my garden, my sister, my bride; I have gathered my myrrh with my spice. I have eaten my honeycomb with my honey; I have drunk my wine with my milk. The friends speaking to the man and the woman Eat, friends; drink and be drunk with love.

From the Latin

DRADouay-Rheims (Challoner)1899

Let my beloved come into his garden, and eat the fruit of his apple trees. I am come into my garden, O my sister, my spouse, I have gathered my myrrh, with my aromatical spices: I have eaten the honeycomb with my honey, I have drunk my wine with my milk: eat, O friends, and drink, and be inebriated, my dearly beloved.

Simplified

FBVFree Bible Version2020

I enter my garden, my sister, my bride! I gather myrrh with my spice. I eat my honeycomb with my honey. I drink wine with my milk. Let us eat our fill of love! Let us be drunk with love!

BBEBible in Basic English1949

I have come into my garden, my sister, my bride; to take my myrrh with my spice; my wax with my honey; my wine with my milk. Take meat, O friends; take wine, yes, be overcome with love.

Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.


The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank

This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.

clauseclauseverbבָּ֣אתִיI.have.comeprepositional phrase · prepositionalלְtonoun phraseגַנִּgardenי֮myclausenoun phrasenoun phraseאֲחֹתִ֣my.sisterיmyכַלָּה֒brideclauseverbאָרִ֤יתִיI.have.gatherednoun phrase · objectמוֹרִmyrrhי֙myprepositional phrase · prepositionalעִםwithnoun phraseבְּשָׂמִ֔spiceיmyclauseverbאָכַ֤לְתִּיI.have.eatennoun phrase · objectיַעְרִhoneycombי֙myprepositional phrase · prepositionalעִםwithnoun phraseדִּבְשִׁ֔honeyיmyclauseverbשָׁתִ֥יתִיI.have.drunknoun phrase · objectיֵינִ֖wineיmyprepositional phrase · prepositionalעִםwithnoun phraseחֲלָבִ֑milkיmyclauseclauseverbאִכְל֣וּeatclauseרֵעִ֔יםO.friendsclauseclauseclauseverbשְׁת֥וּdrinkוְandclauseverbשִׁכְר֖וּbecome.drunkclauseדּוֹדִֽיםO.lovers

Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.


The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran

The Masoretic Text (MT) of Song of Solomon 5:1 reads: 'I have come to my garden, my sister, my bride; I have gathered my myrrh with my spice. I have eaten my honeycomb with my honey; I have drunk my wine with my milk. Eat, O friends, and drink; drink freely, O beloved.' The Septuagint (LXX) aligns closely with the MT, matching all 21 words in a word-by-word correspondence, although its phrasing and word order differ. The Dead Sea Scrolls (4Q107) contain fragments of the verse, with 7 words partially restored and 12 supplied by an editor, but they generally agree with the MT in content. The Samaritan Pentateuch does not provide a witness for this verse, indicating that the MT and LXX are the primary sources for comparison.

Masoretic TextLeningrad Codex, c. AD 1008 — the text this page is built on

בָּ֣אתִי לְגַנִּי֮ אֲחֹתִ֣י כַלָּה֒ אָרִ֤יתִי מוֹרִי֙ עִם־ בְּשָׂמִ֔י אָכַ֤לְתִּי יַעְרִי֙ עִם־ דִּבְשִׁ֔י שָׁתִ֥יתִי יֵינִ֖י עִם־ חֲלָבִ֑י אִכְל֣וּ רֵעִ֔ים שְׁת֥וּ וְשִׁכְר֖וּ דּוֹדִֽים׃ ס

Septuagintthe Greek the translators chose, word by word
בָּ֣אתִיεἰσῆλθονלְגַנִּי֮μουאֲחֹתִ֣יμουכַלָּה֒νύμφηאָרִ֤יתִיἐτρύγησαמוֹרִי֙μουעִם־μετὰבְּשָׂמִ֔יμουאָכַ֤לְתִּיἔφαγονיַעְרִי֙μουעִם־μετὰדִּבְשִׁ֔יμουשָׁתִ֥יתִיἔπιονיֵינִ֖יμουעִם־μετὰחֲלָבִ֑יμουאִכְל֣וּφάγετεרֵעִ֔יםπλησίοιשְׁת֥וּπίετεוְשִׁכְר֖וּμεθύσθητεדּוֹדִֽים׃ סἀδελφοί

21 of the 21 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.

Dead Sea Scrolls — 4Q107a copy a thousand years older than the Leningrad Codex

[באתי] [לגנ׳י] [אחות׳י] [כלה] אריתי מר׳י עם בשמ׳י [שתיתי] [יינ׳י] [עם] [חלב׳י] אכלתי יער׳י עם דבש׳י [אכלו] [רעים] [שתו] [ושכרו] דודים

7 words on the leather — 2 partly restored, 12 supplied entire by an editor.

Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.


The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with

This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.

Song of Solomon 5:1בּוֹאI have comeI have comeבּוֹאגַּןto garden mto garden myגַּןאָחוֹתO sister myO sister myאָחוֹתכַּלָהbridebrideכַּלָהאָרָהI have gathI have gatheredאָרָהמֹרmyrrh mymyrrh myמֹרעִםwithwithעִםבֹּ֫שֶׂםspice myspice myבֹּ֫שֶׂםאָכַלI have eateI have eatenאָכַליַ֫עַרhoneycomb mhoneycomb myיַ֫עַרעִםwithwithעִםדְּבַשׁhoney myhoney myדְּבַשׁשָׁתָהI have drunI have drunkשָׁתָהיַ֫יִןwine mywine myיַ֫יִןעִםwithwithעִםחָלָבmilk mymilk myחָלָבאָכַלeateatאָכַלרֵעַO friendsO friendsרֵעַשָׁתָהdrinkdrinkשָׁתָהשָׁכַרand become and become drunשָׁכַרדּוֹדO loversO loversדּוֹדעָמַםto darkento darkenעָמַםשָׁקָהto water: to water: waterשָׁקָהגָּנַןto defendto defendגָּנַןכָּלַלto perfectto perfectכָּלַלמָרַרto provoketo provokeמָרַראָחbrother: mbrother: male-sאָחאֶזְרָחִיEzrahiteEzrahiteאֶזְרָחִיסַםspicespiceסַםחֵ֫לֶבfatfatחֵ֫לֶבבֵּית־עֵ֫קֶדHouse of SHouse of Shepheבֵּית־עֵ֫קֶדשָׁכַבto lie dowto lie down: laשָׁכַבקָבַרto buryto buryקָבַרשָׁתָהto drinkto drinkשָׁתָהשֵׁכָרstrong dristrong drinkשֵׁכָריַ֫יִןwinewineיַ֫יִןלֶ֫חֶםfoodfoodלֶ֫חֶםחֶמְאָהcurdcurdחֶמְאָהשֶׁ֫מֶשׁsunsunשֶׁ֫מֶשׁ
meets it a little oftener than chancemeets it far oftener than chancebuilt from the same roottwo words of the verse share ita word of this versea related word

Lexicons — every word in Song of Solomon 5:1

One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.

Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.

I have come to garden my O sister my bride I have gathered myrrh my with spice my I have eaten honeycomb my with honey my I have drunk wine my with milk my eat O friends drink and become drunk O lovers
בָּ֣אתִיBa.ti I have come H935 Verb · Qal · perfect first person common singular
2,573× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This verb means to go or come, and is used in many contexts, such as entering a place or approaching someone, as seen in the book of Genesis. It can also mean to abide or apply, and is translated in various ways in the KJV Bible. This term is related to the name Lebo Hamath.
Amplified meaning
entered, approached
Tyndale gloss
Lebo
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

בּוֹא (bo) is a Hebrew verb meaning to come or go in, with a wide range of applications including entering, arriving, and bringing in. It can refer to both physical movement and abstract concepts like events coming to pass. The verb appears in various forms, such as Qal (to come), Hiphil (to cause to come), and Hophal (to be brought). There is no significant disagreement among lexicons regarding its meanings.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

בּוֹא 2569 vb. come in, come, go in, go

Qal

come in

come (approach, arrive)

go, i.e. walk, associate with

go from speaker, but with limit of motion given

Hiph.

cause to come in, bring in (conduct, lead, obj. persons and animals)

cause to come, bring, bring near, etc. (animate obj.)

Hoph.

be brought in (of pers. and things)

be brought

be introduced, put

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H935 בּוֹא come in, come, go in, go .. come in

. come (approach, arrive)

. go, i.e. walk, associate with

. go from speaker, but with limit of motion given

. . cause to come in, bring in (conduct, lead, obj. persons and animals)

. cause to come, bring, bring near, etc. (animate obj.)

. . be brought in (of pers. and things)

. be brought

. be introduced, put

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

935 bow' bo

a primitive root; to go or come (in a wide variety of

applications):--abide, apply, attain, X be, befall, +

besiege, bring (forth, in, into, to pass), call, carry, X

certainly, (cause, let, thing for) to come (against, in, out,

upon, to pass), depart, X doubtless again, + eat, + employ,

(cause to) enter (in, into, -tering, -trance, -try), be

fallen, fetch, + follow, get, give, go (down, in, to war),

grant, + have, X indeed, (in-)vade, lead, lift (up), mention,

pull in, put, resort, run (down), send, set, X (well) stricken

(in age), X surely, take (in), way.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

בּוֹא (bo) — to come (in): come.

: come/go_in

1) to go in, enter, come, go, come in

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to enter, come in

1a2) to come

1a2a) to come with

1a2b) to come upon, fall or light upon, attack (enemy)

1a2c) to come to pass

1a3) to attain to

1a4) to be enumerated

1a5) to go

1b) (Hiphil)

1b1) to lead in

1b2) to carry in

1b3) to bring in, cause to come in, gather, cause to come, bring near, bring against, bring upon

1b4) to bring to pass

1c) (Hophal)

1c1) to be brought, brought in

1c2) to be introduced, be put

לְב֥וֹא (bo) — Lebo-(Hamath).

This name means to go in, enter

Combined with cha.mat (חֲמָת "Hamath" H2574)

בּוֹא (bo) — to come (in): towards.

: towards/entrance

1) to go in, enter, come, go, come in

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to enter, come in

1a2) to come

1a2a) to come with

1a2b) to come upon, fall or light upon, attack (enemy)

1a2c) to come to pass

1a3) to attain to

1a4) to be enumerated

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal-Perf-1cs — Verb · Qal · perfect first person common singular
HVqp1cs
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

kum: The translation of many Hebrew and Greek words. In the phrase "The Spirit of Yahweh came mightily upon him" (Jud 14:6,19; 15:14; 1Sa 10:10; 11:6; 16:13), the word is tsaleah; Jud 14:6; 15:14 "came mightily," which is the uniform translation of the Revised Version (British and American) (compare Jud 13:25 "to move," i.e. to disturb or stir up). In Jud 6:34; 1Ch 12:18; 2Ch 24:20, it is labhesh, "to clothe"; the Revised Version, margin "The Spirit .... clothed itself with Gideon" and .... "with Zechariah,"…

The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
I have come to garden my O sister my bride I have gathered myrrh my with spice my I have eaten honeycomb my with honey my I have drunk wine my with milk my eat O friends drink and become drunk O lovers
לְגַנִּי֮le.ga.Ni to garden my H1588 Preposition · noun common both singular construct · suffix
42× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The word for garden refers to an enclosed area, like the Garden of Eden. It can also symbolize a bride or a place for plants.
Amplified meaning
a place of beauty and intimacy
Tyndale gloss
garden
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

גַּן (gan) means 'garden' or 'enclosure' and can refer to a physical garden or, figuratively, to a bride. It is derived from a root meaning to fence in. The term is used in various contexts, including the Garden of Eden and specific locations like Beth-haggan.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

גַּן n.m. & f. enclosure, garden

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1588 גַּן enclosure, garden

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1588 gan gan

from 1598; a garden (as fenced):--garden.

see HEBREW for 01598

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

גַּן (gan) — Garden (of Uzza).

This name means garden, enclosure

גַּן (gan) — (Beth)-haggan.

Combined with ba.yit (בַּ֫יִת "Beth" H1004H)

גַּן (gan) — garden.

1) garden, enclosure

1a) enclosed garden

1a1) (fig. of a bride)

1b) garden (of plants)

1c) Garden of Eden

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep | N-cs | Suff — Preposition · noun common both singular construct · suffix
HR/Ncbsc/Sp1bs
I have come to garden my O sister my bride I have gathered myrrh my with spice my I have eaten honeycomb my with honey my I have drunk wine my with milk my eat O friends drink and become drunk O lovers
אֲחֹתִ֣י'a.cho.Ti O sister my H269 Noun common feminine singular construct · suffix
114× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
A sister in the Bible can be a biological sibling, a half-sister, or a close relative. In Genesis 4:2, Cain's sister is not named, but in Genesis 24:15, Rebekah is Isaac's cousin and future wife.
Amplified meaning
a term of endearment, close relative
Tyndale gloss
sister
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אָחוֹת (achowth) means 'sister' and can refer to a full sister, half-sister, or a relative. It is used both literally and figuratively, symbolizing relationships such as that of Israel and Judah, and can also imply intimacy or connection. The word is built from a feminine form related to other terms for kinship.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אָחוֹת 114 n.f. sister

sister

= beloved

symbol. of Judah, Samaria, Sodom & Jerusalem

fig. of intimate connection

another

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H269 אָחוֹת sister

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

269 'achowth aw-khoth'

irregular feminine of 251; a sister (used very widely (like

250), literally and figuratively):--(an-)other, sister,

together.

see HEBREW for 0251

see HEBREW for 0250

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אָחוֹת (a.chot) — sister.

1) sister

1a) sister (same parents)

1b) half-sister (same father)

1c) relative

1c1) (metaph) of Israel's and Judah's relationship

1d) beloved

1d1) bride

1e) (fig.) of intimate connection

1f) another

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-fs | Suff — Noun common feminine singular construct · suffix
HNcfsc/Sp1bs
I have come to garden my O sister my bride I have gathered myrrh my with spice my I have eaten honeycomb my with honey my I have drunk wine my with milk my eat O friends drink and become drunk O lovers
כַלָּה֒kha.Lah bride H3618 Noun common · feminine singular absolute
34× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In biblical times, this word referred to a bride or daughter-in-law, like Rebekah who became Isaac's bride in Genesis 24:67.
Amplified meaning
daughter-in-law, beloved
Tyndale gloss
daughter-in-law: bride
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

כַּלָה (kallah) primarily means 'bride' or 'daughter-in-law.' It is derived from a root meaning 'to be perfect.' The entries consistently refer to the word as denoting a son's wife or a young bride, with no significant disagreement among the lexicons.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

כַּלָה n.f. daughter-in-law, bride

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3618 כַּלָה daughter-in-law, bride

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3618 kallah kal-law'

from 3634; a bride (as if perfect); hence, a son's

wife:--bride, daughter-in-law, spouse.

see HEBREW for 03634

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

כַּלָּה (kal.lah) — daughter-in-law: bride.

: bride

1) bride, daughter-in-law

1a) daughter-in-law

1b) bride, young wife

Also means: kal.lah (כַּלָּה ": daughter-in-law" H3618H)

כַּלָּה (kal.lah) — daughter-in-law.

: daughter-in-law

1) bride, daughter-in-law

1a) daughter-in-law

1b) bride, young wife

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-fs — Noun common · feminine singular absolute
HNcfsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

brid.

See MARRIAGE.

Easton's Bible Dictionary

Bride

Frequently used in the ordinary sense (Isa. 49:18; 61:10, etc.). The relation between Christ and his church is set forth under the figure of that between a bridegroom and bride (John 3:29). The church is called “the bride” (Rev. 21:9; 22:17). Compare parable of the Ten Virgins (Matt. 25:1-13).

Nave's Topical Bible

→ Ornaments of Isa 49:18; 61:10; Jer 2:32; Re 21:2

→ Presents to Ge 24:53

→ Maids of Ge 24:59,61; 29:24,29

→ FIGURATIVE Ps 45:10-17; Eze 16:8-14; Re 19:7,8; 21:2,9; 22:17

I have come to garden my O sister my bride I have gathered myrrh my with spice my I have eaten honeycomb my with honey my I have drunk wine my with milk my eat O friends drink and become drunk O lovers
אָרִ֤יתִי'a.Ri.ti I have gathered H717 Verb · Qal · perfect first person common singular
2× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This verb means to pluck or gather, often used to describe the act of picking grapes or other fruits. In the book of Deuteronomy, it is used to describe the gathering of grapes during the harvest season.
Amplified meaning
plucked, harvested
Tyndale gloss
to pluck
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אָרָה (arah) is a primitive root meaning to pluck or gather. The entries indicate its use primarily in the context of harvesting, such as plucking grapes. There are no significant disagreements among the lexicons regarding its meaning.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[אָרָה] vb. pluck, gather

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H717 אָרָה pluck, gather

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

717 'arah aw-raw'

a primitive root; to pluck:--gather, pluck.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אָרָה (a.rah) — to pluck.

1) to pluck, gather

1a) (Qal) to pluck (grapes)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal-Perf-1cs — Verb · Qal · perfect first person common singular
HVqp1cs
I have come to garden my O sister my bride I have gathered myrrh my with spice my I have eaten honeycomb my with honey my I have drunk wine my with milk my eat O friends drink and become drunk O lovers
מוֹרִי֙mo.Ri myrrh my H4753 Noun common masculine singular construct · suffix
12× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Mor is the Hebrew word for myrrh, a bitter resin used in perfume and sacred oil. It is mentioned in the Bible as a valuable commodity.
Amplified meaning
a bitter resin
Tyndale gloss
myrrh
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

מֹר (mor) refers to myrrh, a gum from a tree's bark, known for its bitter taste and used in sacred oil and perfume. The entries indicate that it is associated with distillation and has a connection to the Hebrew root for bitterness. It appears in contexts such as Song of Solomon 6:5.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

מֹר, מוֹר n.m. Ct 6:5 myrrh (fr. bitter taste)

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H4753 מֹר, מוֹר

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

4753 more mor

or mowr {more}; from 4843; myrrh (as distilling in drops, and

also as bitter):--myrrh.

see HEBREW for 04843

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

מֹר (mor) — myrrh.

1) myrrh

1a) an Arabian gum from the bark of a tree, used in sacred oil and in perfume

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-ms | Suff — Noun common masculine singular construct · suffix
HNcmsc/Sp1bs
I have come to garden my O sister my bride I have gathered myrrh my with spice my I have eaten honeycomb my with honey my I have drunk wine my with milk my eat O friends drink and become drunk O lovers
עִם־'im- with H5973 Preposition
1,052× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means with or together, like when God is with his people in Exodus 33:14-15. It's used to describe accompaniment or association, and can also mean against or beside. The word is used to convey a sense of relationship or proximity between people or things.
Tyndale gloss
with
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

עִם (im) is a preposition meaning 'with' and covers a range of relationships, including companionship, locality, and possession. It can imply actions done jointly, equality, or even opposition in contexts like combat. The related form מֵעִם (me.im) means 'from with' or 'beside.' The entries reflect various nuances but do not present significant disagreement.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

עִם prep. with

of fellowship and companionship

of aid

Of actions done jointly with another

If the common action be of the nature of a contest or combat, with in the sense of against

Of dealing with a person, or of the relation in which one stands with, or towards, another

Of a common lot together with the wicked

Of equality or resemblance generally aid

Of time, as long as

Of a locality, close to, beside

Of persons, עִם is spec.

in the house or family or service of

In possession of

In the custody or care of

Beside = except

With = friendly with

Idiom. of a thought or purpose present with one

Metaph. together with = in spite of, notwithstanding

base

מֵעִם 72 from with or beside

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5973a עִם with . of fellowship and companionship

. Of a locality, close to, beside

. Of persons, עִם is spec. . in the house or family or service of

. In possession of

. In the custody or care of

. Beside = except

. With = friendly with

. Idiom. of a thought or purpose present with one

. Metaph. together with = in spite of, notwithstanding

H5973b מֵעִם from with, beside

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5973 `im eem

from 6004; adverb or preposition, with (i.e. in conjunction

with), in varied applications; specifically, equally with;

often with prepositional prefix (and then usually

unrepresented in English):--accompanying, against, and, as (X

long as), before, beside, by (reason of), for all, from

(among, between), in, like, more than, of, (un-)to,

with(-al).

see HEBREW for 06004

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

עִם (im) — with.

1) with

1a) with

1b) against

1c) toward

1d) as long as

מֵעִם (me.im) — from with.

1a) beside, except

1b) in spite of

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep — Preposition
HR
I have come to garden my O sister my bride I have gathered myrrh my with spice my I have eaten honeycomb my with honey my I have drunk wine my with milk my eat O friends drink and become drunk O lovers
בְּשָׂמִ֔יbe.sa.Mi spice my H1313 Noun common masculine singular construct · suffix
1× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word refers to a sweet-smelling spice or the balsam plant, which was highly valued for its fragrance. It is mentioned in the Bible as a precious commodity.
Amplified meaning
sweet-smelling fragrance
Tyndale gloss
spice
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

בֹּ֫שֶׂם (basam) refers to a spice or balsam, derived from a root meaning to be fragrant. It encompasses the idea of sweet smells and is associated with the balsam plant. The entries consistently highlight its aromatic qualities without significant disagreement.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

בֹּ֫שֶׂם n.m. spice, balsam, balsam-tree

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1313 בֹּ֫שֶׂם

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1313 basam baw-sawm'

from an unused root meaning to be fragrant; (compare 5561)

the balsam plant:--spice.

see HEBREW for 05561

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

בֹּ֫שֶׂם (ba.sam) — spice.

1) spice, balsam

2) (TWOT) sweet, sweet smell, sweet odour

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-ms | Suff — Noun common masculine singular construct · suffix
HNcmsc/Sp1bs
I have come to garden my O sister my bride I have gathered myrrh my with spice my I have eaten honeycomb my with honey my I have drunk wine my with milk my eat O friends drink and become drunk O lovers
אָכַ֤לְתִּי'a.Khal.ti I have eaten H398 Verb · Qal · perfect first person common singular
810× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word means to eat or devour, and it's used in many stories, including when Jesus fed the 5000 with fish and bread in the book of Matthew. It's about taking in nourishment and being satisfied.
Amplified meaning
devoured, consumed
Tyndale gloss
to eat
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אָכַל (akal) means 'to eat' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including literal consumption by humans and animals, as well as figurative uses like devouring by fire or destruction. It can describe actions such as feeding or causing to eat, and it also appears in contexts of oppression and destruction. The verb has various forms, indicating different subjects and nuances.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אָכַל 806 vb. eat

Qal

eat, human subject

of beasts, birds, etc., eat, devour

fig. of fire, devour, consume

of sword, devour, slay

in genl., devour, consume, destroy

fig. of oppression, devour the poor

Niph.

be eaten by man

be devoured by fire, consumed

be wasted, destroyed, of flesh

Pu. be consumed

Hiph.

cause to eat, feed with

cause to devoure, obj. sword

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H398 אָכַל eat .. eat, human subject

. of beasts, birds, etc., eat, devour

. fig. of fire, devour, consume

. of sword, devour, slay

. in genl., devour, consume, destroy

. fig. of oppression, devour the poor

. . be eaten by man

. be devoured by fire, consumed

. be wasted, destroyed, of flesh

. be consumed

. . cause to eat, feed with

. cause to devoure, obj. sword

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

398 'akal aw-kal'

a primitive root; to eat (literally or figuratively):--X at

all, burn up, consume, devour(-er, up), dine, eat(-er, up),

feed (with), food, X freely, X in...wise(-deed, plenty), (lay)

meat, X quite.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אָכַל (a.khal) — to eat.

1) to eat, devour, burn up, feed

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to eat (human subject)

1a2) to eat, devour (of beasts and birds)

1a3) to devour, consume (of fire)

1a4) to devour, slay (of sword)

1a5) to devour, consume, destroy (inanimate subjects - ie, pestilence, drought)

1a6) to devour (of oppression)

1b) (Niphal)

1b1) to be eaten (by men)

1b2) to be devoured, consumed (of fire)

1b3) to be wasted, destroyed (of flesh)

1c) (Pual)

1c1) to cause to eat, feed with

1c2) to cause to devour

1d) (Hiphil)

1d1) to feed

1d2) to cause to eat

1e) (Piel)

1e1) consume

Aramaic equivalent: a.khal (אֲכַל "to devour" H0399)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal-Perf-1cs — Verb · Qal · perfect first person common singular
HVqp1cs
I have come to garden my O sister my bride I have gathered myrrh my with spice my I have eaten honeycomb my with honey my I have drunk wine my with milk my eat O friends drink and become drunk O lovers
יַעְרִי֙ya'.Ri honeycomb my H3293 Noun common masculine singular construct · suffix
59× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word Yaar refers to a forest or a copse of bushes, and also to a honeycomb. It is associated with Kiriath-jearim, a place name in the Bible. This word is used to describe natural environments.
Amplified meaning
a sweet, golden treat
Tyndale gloss
Jaar
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

יַ֫עַר (ya'ar) refers to both a wood or forest and a honeycomb. The word is derived from a root suggesting thick vegetation. It encompasses meanings related to wooded areas and also has a specific reference to honeycomb, possibly due to its association with trees. Some entries connect it to specific locations or phrases in the Old Testament.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

יַ֫עַר n.m. wood, forest, thicket

base

יַ֫עַר n.[m.] honeycomb

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3293a יַ֫עַר wood, forest, thicket H3293b יַ֫עַר honeycomb

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3293 ya`ar yah'-ar

from an unused root probably meaning to thicken with verdure;

a copse of bushes; hence, a forest; hence, honey in the comb

(as hived in trees):--(honey-)comb, forest, wood.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

יַ֫עַר (ya.ar) — wood.

forest, wood, thicket, wooded height

Also means: ya.or (יָעוֹר "wood" H3264)

יַ֫עַר (ya.ar) — honeycomb.

honeycomb

יַ֫עַר (ya.ar) — Jaar.

honeycomb

Another name of qir.yat ye.a.rim (קִרְיַת יְעָרִים "Kiriath-jearim" H7157)

יַ֫עַר (ya.ar) — (Ephraim) Forest.

Combined with eph.ra.yim (אֶפְרַ֫יִם " of Ephraim" H0669K)

§ honeycomb

יַ֫עַר (ya.ar) — (House of) the Forest.

Combined with ba.yit (בַּ֫יִת "House" H1004J)

§ honeycomb

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-ms | Suff — Noun common masculine singular construct · suffix
HNcmsc/Sp1bs
I have come to garden my O sister my bride I have gathered myrrh my with spice my I have eaten honeycomb my with honey my I have drunk wine my with milk my eat O friends drink and become drunk O lovers
עִם־'im- with H5973 Preposition
1,052× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means with or together, like when God is with his people in Exodus 33:14-15. It's used to describe accompaniment or association, and can also mean against or beside. The word is used to convey a sense of relationship or proximity between people or things.
Tyndale gloss
with
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

עִם (im) is a preposition meaning 'with' and covers a range of relationships, including companionship, locality, and possession. It can imply actions done jointly, equality, or even opposition in contexts like combat. The related form מֵעִם (me.im) means 'from with' or 'beside.' The entries reflect various nuances but do not present significant disagreement.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

עִם prep. with

of fellowship and companionship

of aid

Of actions done jointly with another

If the common action be of the nature of a contest or combat, with in the sense of against

Of dealing with a person, or of the relation in which one stands with, or towards, another

Of a common lot together with the wicked

Of equality or resemblance generally aid

Of time, as long as

Of a locality, close to, beside

Of persons, עִם is spec.

in the house or family or service of

In possession of

In the custody or care of

Beside = except

With = friendly with

Idiom. of a thought or purpose present with one

Metaph. together with = in spite of, notwithstanding

base

מֵעִם 72 from with or beside

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5973a עִם with . of fellowship and companionship

. Of a locality, close to, beside

. Of persons, עִם is spec. . in the house or family or service of

. In possession of

. In the custody or care of

. Beside = except

. With = friendly with

. Idiom. of a thought or purpose present with one

. Metaph. together with = in spite of, notwithstanding

H5973b מֵעִם from with, beside

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5973 `im eem

from 6004; adverb or preposition, with (i.e. in conjunction

with), in varied applications; specifically, equally with;

often with prepositional prefix (and then usually

unrepresented in English):--accompanying, against, and, as (X

long as), before, beside, by (reason of), for all, from

(among, between), in, like, more than, of, (un-)to,

with(-al).

see HEBREW for 06004

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

עִם (im) — with.

1) with

1a) with

1b) against

1c) toward

1d) as long as

מֵעִם (me.im) — from with.

1a) beside, except

1b) in spite of

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep — Preposition
HR
I have come to garden my O sister my bride I have gathered myrrh my with spice my I have eaten honeycomb my with honey my I have drunk wine my with milk my eat O friends drink and become drunk O lovers
דִּבְשִׁ֔יdiv.Shi honey my H1706 Noun common masculine singular construct · suffix
54× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the Bible, this word means honey, a sweet and valuable food. It was used to describe the Promised Land as a place of abundance and blessing, flowing with milk and honey. The word also appears in stories of bees and honey production.
Tyndale gloss
honey
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

דְּבַשׁ (dbash) means honey, derived from a root that suggests stickiness. It encompasses the substance itself and can also refer to syrup. The entries consistently identify it as honey without significant variation.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

דְּבַשׁ 64 n.m. honey

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1706 דְּבַשׁ honey

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1706 dbash deb-ash'

from an unused root meaning to be gummy; honey (from its

stickiness); by analogy, syrup:--honey((-comb)).

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

דְּבַשׁ (de.vash) — honey.

honey

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-ms | Suff — Noun common masculine singular construct · suffix
HNcmsc/Sp1bs
I have come to garden my O sister my bride I have gathered myrrh my with spice my I have eaten honeycomb my with honey my I have drunk wine my with milk my eat O friends drink and become drunk O lovers
שָׁתִ֥יתִיsha.Ti.ti I have drunk H8354 Verb · Qal · perfect first person common singular
217× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the Bible, this Hebrew word means to drink, and it's used in many ways, like drinking from a cup or feasting. It's also used to describe being drunk or taking part in a big celebration. We see it in stories like the Last Supper in Matthew 26:27.
Amplified meaning
consumed, feasted on
Tyndale gloss
to drink
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

שָׁתָה (shathah) means 'to drink' and can refer to both literal drinking and figurative uses, such as feasting or experiencing God's wrath. It is a primitive root that appears in various forms, including Qal and Niphal, indicating actions like drinking and being drunk. The lexicons note its connection to the Aramaic equivalent שְׁתָה (she.tah), but do not present significant disagreements.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

שָׁתָה 217 vb. drink

Qal 216

Niph. all which is (may be) drunk

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H8354 שָׁתָה drink

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

8354 shathah shaw-thaw'

a primitive root; to imbibe (literally or figuratively):--X

assuredly, banquet, X certainly, drink(-er, -ing), drunk

(X -ard), surely. (Prop. intensive of 8248.)

see HEBREW for 08248

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

שָׁתָה (sha.tah) — to drink.

1) to drink

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to drink

1a1a) of drinking cup of God's wrath, of slaughter, of wicked deeds (fig)

1a2) to feast

1b) (Niphal) to be drunk

Aramaic equivalent: she.tah (שְׁתָה "to drink" H8355)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal-Perf-1cs — Verb · Qal · perfect first person common singular
HVqp1cs
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
Easton's Bible Dictionary

Drunk

The first case of intoxication on record is that of Noah (Gen. 9:21). The sin of drunkenness is frequently and strongly condemned (Rom. 13:13; 1 Cor. 6:9, 10; Eph. 5:18; 1 Thess. 5:7, 8). The sin of drinking to excess seems to have been not uncommon among the Israelites.

The word is used figuratively, when men are spoken of as being drunk with sorrow, and with the wine of God’s wrath (Isa. 63:6; Jer. 51:57; Ezek. 23:33). To “add drunkenness to thirst” (

I have come to garden my O sister my bride I have gathered myrrh my with spice my I have eaten honeycomb my with honey my I have drunk wine my with milk my eat O friends drink and become drunk O lovers
יֵינִ֖יyei.Ni wine my H3196 Noun common masculine singular construct · suffix
141× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for wine, 'yayin', refers to fermented wine and its effects, including intoxication. It is often mentioned in the Bible in the context of banquets and feasts, such as in the book of Esther.
Amplified meaning
fermented, intoxicating
Tyndale gloss
wine
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

יַ֫יִן (yayin) means 'wine' and is associated with fermentation and intoxication. It appears in various contexts, including banqueting. The word is derived from an unused root that suggests the idea of effervescence.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

יַ֫יִן 141 n.m. wine

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3196 יַ֫יִן wine

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3196 yayin yah'-yin

from an unused root meaning to effervesce; wine (as

fermented); by implication, intoxication:--banqueting, wine,

wine(-bibber).

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

יַ֫יִן (ya.yin) — wine.

wine

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-ms | Suff — Noun common masculine singular construct · suffix
HNcmsc/Sp1bs
I have come to garden my O sister my bride I have gathered myrrh my with spice my I have eaten honeycomb my with honey my I have drunk wine my with milk my eat O friends drink and become drunk O lovers
עִם־'im- with H5973 Preposition
1,052× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means with or together, like when God is with his people in Exodus 33:14-15. It's used to describe accompaniment or association, and can also mean against or beside. The word is used to convey a sense of relationship or proximity between people or things.
Tyndale gloss
with
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

עִם (im) is a preposition meaning 'with' and covers a range of relationships, including companionship, locality, and possession. It can imply actions done jointly, equality, or even opposition in contexts like combat. The related form מֵעִם (me.im) means 'from with' or 'beside.' The entries reflect various nuances but do not present significant disagreement.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

עִם prep. with

of fellowship and companionship

of aid

Of actions done jointly with another

If the common action be of the nature of a contest or combat, with in the sense of against

Of dealing with a person, or of the relation in which one stands with, or towards, another

Of a common lot together with the wicked

Of equality or resemblance generally aid

Of time, as long as

Of a locality, close to, beside

Of persons, עִם is spec.

in the house or family or service of

In possession of

In the custody or care of

Beside = except

With = friendly with

Idiom. of a thought or purpose present with one

Metaph. together with = in spite of, notwithstanding

base

מֵעִם 72 from with or beside

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5973a עִם with . of fellowship and companionship

. Of a locality, close to, beside

. Of persons, עִם is spec. . in the house or family or service of

. In possession of

. In the custody or care of

. Beside = except

. With = friendly with

. Idiom. of a thought or purpose present with one

. Metaph. together with = in spite of, notwithstanding

H5973b מֵעִם from with, beside

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5973 `im eem

from 6004; adverb or preposition, with (i.e. in conjunction

with), in varied applications; specifically, equally with;

often with prepositional prefix (and then usually

unrepresented in English):--accompanying, against, and, as (X

long as), before, beside, by (reason of), for all, from

(among, between), in, like, more than, of, (un-)to,

with(-al).

see HEBREW for 06004

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

עִם (im) — with.

1) with

1a) with

1b) against

1c) toward

1d) as long as

מֵעִם (me.im) — from with.

1a) beside, except

1b) in spite of

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep — Preposition
HR
I have come to garden my O sister my bride I have gathered myrrh my with spice my I have eaten honeycomb my with honey my I have drunk wine my with milk my eat O friends drink and become drunk O lovers
חֲלָבִ֑יcha.la.Vi milk my H2461 Noun common masculine singular construct · suffix
44× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Chalab means milk, symbolizing richness and abundance. In the Bible, it can refer to the richness of cattle or the abundance of the land. This term is also used to describe white or pale things, like milk or cheese.
Tyndale gloss
milk
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

חָלָב (chalab) means milk and is associated with richness, as seen in cattle. It can refer to various forms of milk, including sour milk and cheese, and metaphorically to abundance. The entries do not present any significant disagreement.

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H2461 חָלָב milk

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

2461 chalab khaw-lawb'

from the same as 2459; milk (as the richness of kine):--+

cheese, milk, sucking.

see HEBREW for 02459

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

חָלָב (cha.lav) — milk.

1) milk, sour milk, cheese

1a) milk

1b) abundance of the land (metaph.)

1c) white (as milk)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-ms | Suff — Noun common masculine singular construct · suffix
HNcmsc/Sp1bs
I have come to garden my O sister my bride I have gathered myrrh my with spice my I have eaten honeycomb my with honey my I have drunk wine my with milk my eat O friends drink and become drunk O lovers
אִכְל֣וּ'ikh.Lu eat H398 Verb · Qal · imperative second person masculine plural
810× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word means to eat or devour, and it's used in many stories, including when Jesus fed the 5000 with fish and bread in the book of Matthew. It's about taking in nourishment and being satisfied.
Tyndale gloss
to eat
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אָכַל (akal) means 'to eat' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including literal consumption by humans and animals, as well as figurative uses like devouring by fire or destruction. It can describe actions such as feeding or causing to eat, and it also appears in contexts of oppression and destruction. The verb has various forms, indicating different subjects and nuances.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אָכַל 806 vb. eat

Qal

eat, human subject

of beasts, birds, etc., eat, devour

fig. of fire, devour, consume

of sword, devour, slay

in genl., devour, consume, destroy

fig. of oppression, devour the poor

Niph.

be eaten by man

be devoured by fire, consumed

be wasted, destroyed, of flesh

Pu. be consumed

Hiph.

cause to eat, feed with

cause to devoure, obj. sword

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H398 אָכַל eat .. eat, human subject

. of beasts, birds, etc., eat, devour

. fig. of fire, devour, consume

. of sword, devour, slay

. in genl., devour, consume, destroy

. fig. of oppression, devour the poor

. . be eaten by man

. be devoured by fire, consumed

. be wasted, destroyed, of flesh

. be consumed

. . cause to eat, feed with

. cause to devoure, obj. sword

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

398 'akal aw-kal'

a primitive root; to eat (literally or figuratively):--X at

all, burn up, consume, devour(-er, up), dine, eat(-er, up),

feed (with), food, X freely, X in...wise(-deed, plenty), (lay)

meat, X quite.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אָכַל (a.khal) — to eat.

1) to eat, devour, burn up, feed

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to eat (human subject)

1a2) to eat, devour (of beasts and birds)

1a3) to devour, consume (of fire)

1a4) to devour, slay (of sword)

1a5) to devour, consume, destroy (inanimate subjects - ie, pestilence, drought)

1a6) to devour (of oppression)

1b) (Niphal)

1b1) to be eaten (by men)

1b2) to be devoured, consumed (of fire)

1b3) to be wasted, destroyed (of flesh)

1c) (Pual)

1c1) to cause to eat, feed with

1c2) to cause to devour

1d) (Hiphil)

1d1) to feed

1d2) to cause to eat

1e) (Piel)

1e1) consume

Aramaic equivalent: a.khal (אֲכַל "to devour" H0399)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal-Impv-2mp — Verb · Qal · imperative second person masculine plural
HVqv2mp
I have come to garden my O sister my bride I have gathered myrrh my with spice my I have eaten honeycomb my with honey my I have drunk wine my with milk my eat O friends drink and become drunk O lovers
רֵעִ֔יםre.'Im O friends H7453 Noun common · masculine plural absolute
188× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
A neighbor or friend is what this word means, describing someone close to you. It can also refer to a companion, fellow citizen, or another person, and is often translated as brother or friend.
Amplified meaning
companions, loved ones
Tyndale gloss
neighbor
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

רֵעַ (rea`) refers to a friend, companion, or fellow, emphasizing close associations such as brotherhood or intimacy. It can also denote a neighbor or another person in a broader sense. The word is derived from a root meaning 'to associate.'

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

רֵעַ 187 n.m. friend, companion, fellow

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H7453 רֵעַ friend, companion, fellow

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

7453 rea` ray'-ah

or reya2 {ray'-ah}; from 7462; an associate (more or less

close):--brother, companion, fellow, friend, husband, lover,

neighbour, X (an-)other.

see HEBREW for 0reya2

see HEBREW for 07462

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

רֵעַ (re.a) — neighbor.

1) friend, companion, fellow, another person

1a) friend, intimate

1b) fellow, fellow-citizen, another person (weaker sense)

1c) other, another (reciprocal phrase)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-mp — Noun common · masculine plural absolute
HNcmpa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
Nave's Topical Bible

→ Jesus calls his disciples by this term Joh 15:14,15

→ FALSE FRIENDS

Instances of

Pharaoh's butler was false to Joseph Ge 40:23

Delilah was false to Samson Jud 16:1-20

The Ephraimite's wife Jud 19:1,2

David was false to Joab 1Ki 2:5,6

David was false to Uriah 2Sa 11

Ahithophel was false to David 2Sa 15:12

David's friends were false to David Ps 35:11-16; 41:9; 55:12-14,20,21; 88:8,18

Judas Iscariot Mt 26:48,49

I have come to garden my O sister my bride I have gathered myrrh my with spice my I have eaten honeycomb my with honey my I have drunk wine my with milk my eat O friends drink and become drunk O lovers
שְׁת֥וּshe.Tu drink H8354 Verb · Qal · imperative second person masculine plural
217× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the Bible, this Hebrew word means to drink, and it's used in many ways, like drinking from a cup or feasting. It's also used to describe being drunk or taking part in a big celebration. We see it in stories like the Last Supper in Matthew 26:27.
Amplified meaning
feast, be merry
Tyndale gloss
to drink
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

שָׁתָה (shathah) means 'to drink' and can refer to both literal drinking and figurative uses, such as feasting or experiencing God's wrath. It is a primitive root that appears in various forms, including Qal and Niphal, indicating actions like drinking and being drunk. The lexicons note its connection to the Aramaic equivalent שְׁתָה (she.tah), but do not present significant disagreements.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

שָׁתָה 217 vb. drink

Qal 216

Niph. all which is (may be) drunk

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H8354 שָׁתָה drink

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

8354 shathah shaw-thaw'

a primitive root; to imbibe (literally or figuratively):--X

assuredly, banquet, X certainly, drink(-er, -ing), drunk

(X -ard), surely. (Prop. intensive of 8248.)

see HEBREW for 08248

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

שָׁתָה (sha.tah) — to drink.

1) to drink

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to drink

1a1a) of drinking cup of God's wrath, of slaughter, of wicked deeds (fig)

1a2) to feast

1b) (Niphal) to be drunk

Aramaic equivalent: she.tah (שְׁתָה "to drink" H8355)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal-Impv-2mp — Verb · Qal · imperative second person masculine plural
HVqv2mp
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

See FOOD; DRINK, STRONG.

Easton's Bible Dictionary

Drink

The drinks of the Hebrews were water, wine, “strong drink,” and vinegar. Their drinking vessels were the cup, goblet or “basin,” the “cruse” or pitcher, and the saucer.

To drink water by measure (Ezek. 4:11), and to buy water to drink (Lam. 5:4), denote great scarcity. To drink blood means to be satiated with slaughter.

The Jews carefully strained their drinks through a sieve, through fear of violating the law of Lev. 11:20, 23, 41, 42. (See Matt. 23:24. “Strain at” should be “strain out.”)

Nave's Topical Bible

→ INTOXICATING

See ABSTINENCE, TOTAL

→ See DRUNKARD

→ See DRUNKENNESS

→ See WINE

I have come to garden my O sister my bride I have gathered myrrh my with spice my I have eaten honeycomb my with honey my I have drunk wine my with milk my eat O friends drink and become drunk O lovers
וְשִׁכְר֖וּve.shikh.Ru and become drunk H7937 Conjunction · verb qal imperative second person masculine plural
19× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
To become drunk or intoxicated, as warned against in Proverbs 23:20. This word describes the state of being under the influence. It is used in various forms, including making someone drunk or being merry.
Amplified meaning
be filled, indulge, abundantly, without restraint
Tyndale gloss
be drunk
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

שָׁכַר (shakar) is a Hebrew verb meaning to be or become drunk. It covers various forms, including making oneself or others drunk, and can also imply causing someone to be helpless. The entries indicate its use in different grammatical forms, such as Qal, Piel, Hiphil, and Hithpael, but do not provide specific verse references.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[שָׁכַר] vb. be, or become, drunk, drunken

Qal become drunken

Pi. make drunken

Hiph. id.: i.e. make princes helpless

Hithp. how long wilt thou make thyself drunken [a drunken spectacle]?

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H7937 שָׁכַר be, or become, drunk, drunken .become drunken

. make drunken

. id.: i.e. make princes helpless

. how long wilt thou make thyself drunken [a drunken spectacle]?

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

7937 shakar shaw-kar'

a primitive root; to become tipsy; in a qualified sense, to

satiate with a stimulating drink or (figuratively)

influence:--(be filled with) drink (abundantly), (be, make)

drunk(-en), be merry. (Superlative of 8248.)

see HEBREW for 08248

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

שָׁכַר (sha.khar) — be drunk.

1) to be or become drunk or drunken, be intoxicated

1a) (Qal) to become drunken

1b)(Piel) to make drunken, cause to be drunk

1c) (Hiphil) to cause to be drunk

1d) (Hithpael) to make oneself drunk

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | V-Qal-Impv-2mp — Conjunction · verb qal imperative second person masculine plural
HC/Vqv2mp
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
Easton's Bible Dictionary

Drunk

The first case of intoxication on record is that of Noah (Gen. 9:21). The sin of drunkenness is frequently and strongly condemned (Rom. 13:13; 1 Cor. 6:9, 10; Eph. 5:18; 1 Thess. 5:7, 8). The sin of drinking to excess seems to have been not uncommon among the Israelites.

The word is used figuratively, when men are spoken of as being drunk with sorrow, and with the wine of God’s wrath (Isa. 63:6; Jer. 51:57; Ezek. 23:33). To “add drunkenness to thirst” (

I have come to garden my O sister my bride I have gathered myrrh my with spice my I have eaten honeycomb my with honey my I have drunk wine my with milk my eat O friends drink and become drunk O lovers
דּוֹדִֽים׃ סdo.Dim O lovers H1730 Noun common · masculine plural absolute
61× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word means 'beloved' or 'love', implying a strong affection, and can also refer to an uncle or close relative.
Amplified meaning
loved ones, dear ones
Tyndale gloss
beloved
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

דּוֹד (dod) means 'beloved' and can refer to love in a general sense, as well as specifically to an uncle. It is derived from a root meaning 'to boil,' figuratively relating to love. The entries consistently emphasize its meanings related to affection and familial ties.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

דּוֹד n.m. beloved, love (pl.), uncle

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1730 דּוֹד beloved, love (pl.), uncle

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1730 dowd dode

or (shortened) dod {dode}; from an unused root meaning

properly, to boil, i.e. (figuratively) to love; by

implication, a love- token, lover, friend; specifically an

uncle:--(well-)beloved, father's brother, love, uncle.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

דּוֹד (dod) — beloved.

: beloved

1) beloved, love, uncle

1a) loved one, beloved

1b) uncle

1c) love (pl. abstract)

דּוֹד (dod) — beloved: love.

: love

1) beloved, love, uncle

1a) loved one, beloved

1b) uncle

1c) love (pl. abstract)

דּוֹד (dod) — beloved: male relative.

: male_relative

1) beloved, love, uncle

1a) loved one, beloved

1b) uncle

1c) love (pl. abstract)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-mp — Noun common · masculine plural absolute
HNcmpa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
Nave's Topical Bible

→ INSTANCES OF

Isaac for Rebekah Ge 24:67

Jacob for Rachel Ge 29:20,30

Shechem for Dinah Ge 34:3,12

Boaz for Ruth Ru 2; 3; 4

Sources on this page. Lexicons and dictionaries imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate Liddell-Scott-Jones, Robinson and Packard, Webster and Cawdrey. Thayer’s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (Harper, 1889 — Grimm’s Wilke’s Clavis Novi Testamenti, translated, revised and enlarged by Joseph Henry Thayer) is public domain and is set here from the Internet Archive page scan greekenglishlex00grim; it is uncorrected OCR, marked as such on the entry itself, and the Strong’s numbers — which Thayer’s own edition does not carry — were matched by lemma against the other modules on this page. Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament (Macmillan, 1880) and Moulton and Milligan’s Vocabulary of the Greek Testament (Hodder & Stoughton, 1930, which entered the United States public domain on 1 January 2026) are set from Internet Archive page scans synonymsofnewtes00treniala and vocabularyofgree00mouluoft, and are likewise uncorrected OCR matched to Strong’s numbers by lemma. Trench treats a group of words at once, so the same essay stands on the page of each word it compares. The Mounce Concise Greek-English Dictionary is © 1993 and is used here by permission for non-commercial use, www.teknia.com/greek-dictionary. The full Liddell-Scott-Jones and the Hebrew word data (TAHOT) come from STEPBible.org, CC BY 4.0. Brown-Driver-Briggs is the OpenScriptures digitisation, public domain. Syntax analysis is the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (biblicalhumanities.org); the concordance and morphology are built from the tagged Nestle 1904 text. Septuagint occurrences use the Open Scriptures Septuagint lemma index, derived from CCAT (University of Pennsylvania) and the Rahlfs 1935 dataset by Eliran Wong, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — used here on a non-commercial ministry site. Greek of Josephus and Barnabas from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA 4.0. Commentaries and the Ante-Nicene Fathers are public-domain texts hosted on this site. Everyday Greek from the Duke Databank of Documentary Papyri, CC BY 3.0, with dates and provenance from the Heidelberger Gesamtverzeichnis. Philo and the Apostolic Fathers from Open Greek and Latin (First1KGreek), CC BY-SA 4.0. The apparatus and the fifth Greek column are the SBL Greek New Testament, © 2010 SBL and Logos Bible Software, CC BY 4.0. The Latin is the Clementine Vulgate (public domain); the Syriac New Testament is the ETCBC edition (MIT licence). The Hebrew behind the Greek is computed here from the Septuagint index and TAHOT, not taken from any aligned edition. The translation spread and the per-word edition marks come from the Translators Amalgamated Greek NT (STEPBible, CC BY 4.0); clause roles from the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (CC BY-SA 4.0); place identifications and their confidence from OpenBible.info Bible Geocoding (CC BY 4.0), with map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Gospel parallels are computed here from shared uncommon vocabulary, not taken from any printed harmony. Cross references are the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge and the subject headings are Nave’s Topical Bible, both public domain. Works under Creative Commons licences are used unchanged apart from markup removal.

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