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Psalms 65:8 — Word Study

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WLCוַיִּ֤ירְא֨וּ׀ יֹשְׁבֵ֣י קְ֭צָוֹת מֵאוֹתֹתֶ֑יךָ מ֤וֹצָֽאֵי־ בֹ֖קֶר וָעֶ֣רֶב תַּרְנִֽין׃

BSAto sootheshâbach roarshâʼôwn Westyâm roarshâʼôwn heapgal crowdhâmôwn peoplelᵉʼôm

Word
Listen & take awayPsalms 65
English ↓ Download MP3 The Berean Standard Bible chapter audio already hosted for the site's Bible section — verse 8 is in this chapter.
Hebrew ↓ Download MP3 The Masoretic text of this chapter, read aloud. Read by Abraham Shmuelof, courtesy of Audio Scriptures International. Chapter divisions by the Academy of Ancient Languages..
Say the word Each Hebrew word carries its transliteration (tar.Nin) — no per-word recordings of the Hebrew exist to link to.
Take it away
Psalms 65:8quick helps
In a sentenceThe psalmist expresses that distant inhabitants stand in awe of God's wonders, which bring joy at the dawn and sunset.
Who is speakingThe psalmist, reflecting on God's power and the reaction of those far away.
Where we areThe celebration of God's majesty in creation, particularly in the context of His wonders.
The hard wordיָרֵא
Take awayGod's wonders inspire both fear and joy among those who witness them.
8 commentators on this verse Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them › clause verbשָׁאוֹן The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
How rare are these words?in the Old Testament

Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.

Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.

Deep Study — Psalms 65:8

Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.

Context — The Majesty of God in Creationgenerated

7You stilled the roaring of the seas, the pounding of their waves, and the tumult of the nations.
8Those who live far away fear Your wonders; You make the dawn and sunset shout for joy.
9You attend to the earth and water it; with abundance You enrich it. The streams of God are full of water, for You prepare our grain by providing for the earth.
10You soak its furrows and level its ridges; You soften it with showers and bless its growth.

Psalms 65:8 reflects on how those who dwell in distant lands are filled with awe at God's miraculous works. The psalmist highlights the contrast between the fear of God’s power and the joy that follows the dawn and sunset, illustrating the beauty and majesty of creation. This theme resonates with other passages that celebrate God's sovereignty and the natural world, such as in Psalms 19:1.


Cross References

ReferenceText (BSB)
1Psalm 2:8Ask Me, and I will make the nations Your inheritance, the ends of the earth Your possession.
2Psalm 48:5–6They saw and were astounded; they fled in terror.
3Psalm 66:3Say to God, “How awesome are Your deeds! So great is Your power that Your enemies cower before You.
4Psalm 126:2Then our mouths were filled with laughter, our tongues with shouts of joy. Then it was said among the nations, “The LORD has done great things for them.”
5Psalm 135:9He sent signs and wonders into your midst, O Egypt, against Pharaoh and all his servants.

The Key Word יָרֵא, yare'generated

The verb יָרֵא (yare') captures a range of emotions, from fear to reverence. It indicates not just a feeling of being afraid but also an acknowledgment of God's power and majesty, suggesting a deep respect.

In this verse, it shows that the inhabitants far away recognize the divine wonders of God, leading to a sense of awe that is both fearful and respectful.


How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated

This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.


Sentence Structuregenerated

The finite verb יָרֵא governs the main clause, with a noun phrase as the subject and a prepositional phrase indicating the location. The second part of the verse introduces another verb תַּרְנִֽין that expresses an action related to the dawn and evening.

The structure emphasizes the relationship between the fear of God’s wonders and the joy expressed through the natural elements of dawn and sunset.


Septuagint Backgroundgenerated

The Septuagint translates יָרֵא as φοβηθῶσιν, which carries a similar meaning of fear but can also imply reverence. This choice reflects a broader understanding of the emotional response to God's wonders.

For תַּרְנִֽין, the LXX uses ἀγαλλιῶσιν, which emphasizes joy and celebration, suggesting a more exuberant expression of praise compared to the Hebrew.


In plain words — the whole versegenerated

Psalms 65:8 tells us that those who live far away recognize God's wonders and are filled with awe. They see the beauty of the dawn and sunset, which bring joy and celebration. This verse highlights the majesty of God in creation.


Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated

What does it mean to fear God's wonders?

To fear God's wonders means to stand in awe of His power and majesty, recognizing His ability to perform miraculous acts.

How do the dawn and sunset express joy?

The dawn and sunset symbolize the beauty of creation, and their description as shouting for joy reflects the joy that creation expresses in response to God's greatness.

Why do distant inhabitants fear God's wonders?

Distant inhabitants fear God's wonders because they recognize His power and sovereignty, which can inspire both reverence and awe.

What is the significance of the phrase 'shout for joy'?

The phrase 'shout for joy' signifies a loud and joyful expression of praise, indicating that creation itself rejoices in the presence of God's wonders.


Reflection Questionsgenerated

  1. In what ways have I seen God's wonders in my own life?
  2. How can I cultivate a sense of awe and reverence for God in my daily experiences?
  3. What are some ways I can express joy for the beauty of creation?
  4. How does recognizing God's power impact my faith and worship?

The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it

Early church commentary on this verse reflects on the themes of fear and joy in relation to God's wonders, as seen in Augustine's writings.

Augustine of HippoExposition on Psalms 65 354–430
"The nations shall be troubled" [Psalms 65:8]. At first they shall be troubled: but those mountains prepared in the strength of Christ, are they troubled? Troubled is the sea,
Early Church Fathers on Psalms 65 →

Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse

Each of these wrote on Psalms 65:8 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.

John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

They also that dwell in the uttermost parts are afraid at thy tokens,.... The tokens of his wrath and displeasure at wicked men, seen in the punishments inflicted on them, which cause them to fear and tremble.

Read John Gill on Psalms 65 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary

By terrible things in righteousness wilt thou answer us, O God of our salvation; who art the confidence of all the ends of the earth, and of them that are afar off upon the sea: -The manifestations

Read Robert Jamieson on Psalms 65 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy Bible

The uttermost parts, to wit, of the earth, which is added to this word, . Thy tokens, or signs; either, 1. At the sun, and moon, and stars, which are called signs, . But these are not matter of terror, but of delight to men; and the commonness and constancy of their courses makes most men neither fear nor much regard them. Or, 2. At the great and terrible judgments which God inflicts upon wicked men, and particularly upon the enemies of his people. Or rather, 3. At those terrible thunders, and lightnings, and earthquakes, and comets, or other strange meteors or works of God in the air; for he is here speaking of the natural works of God. The outgoings of the morning and evening; by which he…

Read Matthew Poole on Psalms 65 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

Psalms 65:8 They also that dwell in the uttermost parts are afraid at thy tokens: thou makest the outgoings of the morning and evening to rejoice.Ver. 8. They also that dwell in the uttermost parts, &c.] And are, therefore, Duri, horridi, immanes, latrociniis dediti, omnium denique pessimi, not farther distant from the sun than from all humanity, except the Sun of righteousness shine upon them, as he hath done upon us here in England. Are afraid at thy tokens] Thy notable works, thine executions. Thou makest the outgoings of the morning, &c.] That is, the inhabitants of east and west, or the vicissitudes of day and night, whereby men are occasioned to praise and glorify God. See Jeremiah…

Read John Trapp on Psalms 65 →
Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(8) They also . . .—Or, So they.The outgoings . . .—A pregnant expression for the rising of the morning and setting of the evening sun. East and west. To rejoice.—Better, to sing for joy. The whole earth from one utmost bound to the other is vocal with praise of the Creator and Ruler of the universe. So the morning stars sang together at the creation (Job 38:7).

Read Charles John Ellicott on Psalms 65 →
AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible

Verse 8. Are afraid at thy tokens] Thunder and lightning, storms and tempests, eclipses and meteors, tornadoes and earthquakes, are proofs to all who dwell even in the remotest parts of the earth, that there is a Supreme Being who is wonderful and terrible in his acts. By these things an eternal power and Godhead become manifest even to the most barbarous. From this verse to the end of the Psalm there is a series of the finest poetic imagery in the world. The outgoings of the morning, &c.] The rising and setting sun, the morning and evening twilight, the invariable succession of day and night, are all ordained by thee, and contribute to the happiness and continuance of man and beast. Or…

Read AdamClarke on Psalms 65 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

8. They also &c.] Better, So that they who dwell in the ends of the earth are afraid at thy signs. These mighty works impress them with awe, as ‘signs’ of the irresistible power of God. the outgoings of the morning and evening] The term outgoings which strictly speaking is appropriate to the east only (Psalms 19:5 f.) is applied, by a kind of zeugma, to the west also. From the furthest east to the furthest west He makes earth with all its inhabitants to shout for joy (Psalms 5:11; Psalms 67:4). Awe gives place to triumph as they watch the downfall of their tyrants and welcome the establishment of God’s kingdom of peace (Psalms 46:9 f), and all nature sympathises with them.

Read Cambridge on Psalms 65 →
Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the Bible

They also that dwell in the utter-most parts - That is, Those who dwell in the remotest regions; far from civilized lands; far from those places where people are instructed as to the causes of the

Read Albert Barnes on Psalms 65 →

The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company

Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.

Modern formal

BSBBerean Standard Bible2020

Those who live far away fear Your wonders; You make the dawn and sunset shout for joy.

WEBWorld English Bible2000

They also who dwell in faraway places are afraid at your wonders. You call the morning’s dawn and the evening with songs of joy.

MSBMajority Standard Bible2022

Those who live far away fear Your wonders; You make the dawn and sunset shout for joy.

NETBNew English Translation2006

Even those living in the most remote areas are awestruck by your acts; you cause those living in the east and west to praise you.

Tyndale line

KJVKing James Version1611

They also that dwell in the uttermost parts are afraid at thy tokens: thou makest the outgoings of the morning and evening to rejoice.

ASVAmerican Standard Version1901

They also that dwell in the uttermost parts are afraid at thy tokens: Thou makest the outgoings of the morning and evening to rejoice.

RVARevised Version, American1894

They also that dwell in the uttermost parts are afraid at thy tokens: thou makest the outgoings of the morning and evening to rejoice.

NWBWebster's Bible1833

They also that dwell in the uttermost parts are afraid at thy tokens: thou makest the outgoings of the morning and evening to rejoice.

GNVGeneva Bible1599

They also, that dwell in the vttermost parts of the earth, shalbe afraide of thy signes: thou shalt make the East and the West to reioyce.

Strictly literal

DBYDarby Translation1890

And they that dwell in the uttermost parts are afraid at thy tokens; thou makest the outgoings of the morning and evening to rejoice.

YLTYoung's Literal Translation1862

And the inhabitants of the uttermost parts From Thy signs are afraid, The outgoings of morning and evening Thou causest to sing.

LSVLiteral Standard Version2020

And the inhabitants of the uttermost parts || Are afraid from Your signs, || You cause the outgoings of morning and evening to sing.

ILTInterlinear Literal Translation2000

(65:9) And they that dwell in the uttermost parts are afraid of thy wondrous signs: the outgoings of the morning and evening thou causest to rejoice.

ULBUnlocked Literal Bible2017

Those who live in the uttermost parts of the earth are afraid of the evidence of your deeds; you make the east and the west rejoice.

From the Latin

DRADouay-Rheims (Challoner)1899

O bless our God, ye Gentiles: and make the voice of his praise to be heard.

Simplified

FBVFree Bible Version2020

Everyone, even those in distant lands, are amazed by the wonderful things you do, from the east to the west they sing for joy.

BBEBible in Basic English1949

Those in the farthest parts of the earth have fear when they see your signs: the outgoings of the morning and evening are glad because of you.

Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.


The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank

This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.

וַandclauseverbיִּ֤ירְא֨וּthey.were.afraidnoun phrase · subjectיֹשְׁבֵ֣י[the].inhabitantsקְ֭צָוֺתof.[the].endsprepositional phrase · prepositionalמֵfromnoun phraseאוֹתֹתֶ֑יsignsךָyourclausenoun phrase · objectמ֤וֹצָֽאֵי[the].going(s).outnoun phraseבֹ֖קֶרof.morningוָandעֶ֣רֶבeveningverbתַּרְנִֽיןyou.make.shout.for.joy

Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.


The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran

The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint largely agree in their wording for Psalms 65:8, with five of the eight words matched. The Septuagint's word order and articles differ, but the core message remains consistent.

Masoretic TextLeningrad Codex, c. AD 1008 — the text this page is built on

וַיִּ֤ירְא֨וּ׀ יֹשְׁבֵ֣י קְ֭צָוֹת מֵאוֹתֹתֶ֑יךָ מ֤וֹצָֽאֵי־ בֹ֖קֶר וָעֶ֣רֶב תַּרְנִֽין׃

Septuagintthe Greek the translators chose, word by word
יֹשְׁבֵ֣יθαλάσσηςקְ֭צָוֹתἤξουςמֵאוֹתֹתֶ֑יךָαὐτῆςמ֤וֹצָֽאֵי־ταραξθήσονταιבֹ֖קֶרἔθνη

5 of the 8 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.

Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.


The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with

This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.

Psalms 65:8יָרֵאand they weand they were aיָרֵאיָשַׁב[the] inhab[the] inhabitanיָשַׁבקְצָת[the] ends[the] endsקְצָתאוֹתfrom signs from signs yourאוֹתמוֹצָא[the] going[the] going outמוֹצָאבֹּ֫קֶרmorningmorningבֹּ֫קֶרעֶ֫רֶבand eveningand eveningעֶ֫רֶברוּןyou make shyou make shout רוּןקָצָהto cut offto cut offקָצָהאוּתto consentto consentאוּתיָצָאto come outo come out: coיָצָאבָּקַרto enquireto enquireבָּקַרעָרַבto grow dato grow darkעָרַבחָתַתto to be dto to be dismayחָתַתאַלnotnotאַלבֶּ֫טַחsecuritysecurityבֶּ֫טַחכְּנַעֲנִיCanaanitesCanaanitessכְּנַעֲנִיאַרְבַּעfourfourאַרְבַּעבֵּיתplaceplaceבֵּיתמוֹפֵתwonderwonderמוֹפֵתבַּ֫יִןbetweenbetweenבַּ֫יִןמוֹבָאentranceentranceמוֹבָאצוּרָהdesigndesignצוּרָהשָׁכַםto riseto riseשָׁכַםעֶ֫רֶבeveningeveningעֶ֫רֶבטָמֵאto defileto defileטָמֵא
meets it a little oftener than chancemeets it far oftener than chancebuilt from the same roottwo words of the verse share ita word of this versea related word

Lexicons — every word in Psalms 65:8

One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.

Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.

and they were afraid [the] inhabitants of [the] ends from signs your [the] going out of morning and evening you make shout for joy
וַיִּ֤ירְא֨וּ׀vai.Yi.re.'U and they were afraid H3372 Verb · Qal · sequential imperfect third person masculine plural
315× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means to fear or revere, and is used to describe being afraid or standing in awe of something, like God's power. It appears in the Bible to convey a sense of respect or reverence. In the KJV, it's translated as 'affright' or 'reverence'.
Tyndale gloss
to fear
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

יָרֵא (yare') is a Hebrew verb meaning to fear or be afraid, encompassing a range of meanings from reverence and honor to causing terror. It appears in various forms, including Qal (to fear), Niphal (to be fearful), and Piel (to terrify). The entries highlight its moral and emotional dimensions, emphasizing awe and respect, particularly in relation to the divine.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

יָרֵא vb. fear

Qal

fear, be afraid

stand in awe of

fear, reverence, honour

Niph.

be fearful, dreadful

cause astonishment and awe

inspire reverence, godly fear, and awe

Piel. make afraid, terrify

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3372 יָרֵא fear .. fear, be afraid

. stand in awe of

. fear, reverence, honour

. . be fearful, dreadful

. cause astonishment and awe

. inspire reverence, godly fear, and awe

. make afraid, terrify

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3372 yare' yaw-ray'

a primitive root; to fear; morally, to revere; caus. to

frighten:--affright, be (make) afraid, dread(-ful), (put in)

fear(-ful, -fully, -ing), (be had in) reverence(-end), X see,

terrible (act, -ness, thing).

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

יָרֵא (ya.re) — to fear.

: frightening(DANGER)

1) to fear, revere, be afraid

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to fear, be afraid

1a2) to stand in awe of, be awed

1a3) to fear, reverence, honour, respect

1b) (Niphal)

1b1) to be fearful, be dreadful, be feared

1b2) to cause astonishment and awe, be held in awe

1b3) to inspire reverence or godly fear or awe

1c) (Piel) to make afraid, terrify

2) (TWOT) to shoot, pour

יָרֵא (ya.re) — to fear: revere.

: awesome(god)

1) to fear, revere, be afraid

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to fear, be afraid

1a2) to stand in awe of, be awed

1a3) to fear, reverence, honour, respect

1b) (Niphal)

1b1) to be fearful, be dreadful, be feared

1b2) to cause astonishment and awe, be held in awe

1b3) to inspire reverence or godly fear or awe

1c) (Piel) to make afraid, terrify

2) (TWOT) to shoot, pour

Also means: ya.re (יָרֵא ": frightening" H3372)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Hc/Vqw3mp — Verb · Qal · sequential imperfect third person masculine plural
Hc/Vqw3mp
and they were afraid [the] inhabitants of [the] ends from signs your [the] going out of morning and evening you make shout for joy
יֹשְׁבֵ֣יyo.she.Vei [the] inhabitants of H3427 Verb · Qal · participle (active) masculine plural common
1,079× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This verb means to sit or dwell, and can also mean to remain or abide. It's used in the Bible to describe people living in a place or staying with someone, like in the book of Genesis.
Tyndale gloss
to dwell
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

יָשַׁב (yashab) is a Hebrew verb meaning to sit, remain, or dwell. It encompasses a range of actions from simply sitting down to more complex ideas like establishing a home or causing a place to be inhabited. The entries indicate various forms, including Qal (to sit), Niphal (to be inhabited), and Hiphil (to cause to dwell). There is an Aramaic equivalent, יְתִב (ye.tiv), meaning 'to dwell'.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

יָשַׁב 1090 vb. sit, remain, dwell

Qal

sit

sit, sit down

sit down

sit = be set (as a jewel)

remain, stay, tarry

with special emphasis of qualifying phr.

dwell, have one’s abode

of a land or city, sit, abide, seated in its place, fig. for be inhabited

Niph. be inhabited, of land

Pi. and they shall set their encampments in thee

Hiph.

cause to sit

cause to abide

cause to dwell

cause cities to be inhabited

marry (prop. give a dwelling to)

Hoph. and ye be made to dwell alone in the midst of the land

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3427 יָשַׁב sit, remain, dwell

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3427 yashab yaw-shab'

a primitive root; properly, to sit down (specifically as

judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to dwell, to

remain; causatively, to settle, to marry:--(make to)

abide(-ing), continue, (cause to, make to) dwell(-ing), ease

self, endure, establish, X fail, habitation, haunt, (make to)

inhabit(-ant), make to keep (house), lurking, X marry(-ing),

(bring again to) place, remain, return, seat, set(- tle),

(down-)sit(-down, still, -ting down, -ting (place) -uate),

take, tarry.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

יָשַׁב (ya.shav) — to dwell.

1) to dwell, remain, sit, abide

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to sit, sit down

1a2) to be set

1a3) to remain, stay

1a4) to dwell, have one's abode

1b) (Niphal) to be inhabited

1c) (Piel) to set, place

1d) (Hiphil)

1d1) to cause to sit

1d2) to cause to abide, set

1d3) to cause to dwell

1d4) to cause (cities) to be inhabited

1d5) to marry (give an dwelling to)

1e) (Hophal)

1e1) to be inhabited

1e2) to make to dwell

Aramaic equivalent: ye.tiv (יְתִב "to dwell" H3488)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HVqrmpc — Verb · Qal · participle (active) masculine plural common
HVqrmpc
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ov:

(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.

English usagewhat the translators’ English meant
Webster's Dictionary (1828), Webster's Unabridged (1913), Webster's Dictionary (1806)

OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]

1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.

I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.

For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.

It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.

Lamentations 3:1.

The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.

Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.

That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.

Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…

and they were afraid [the] inhabitants of [the] ends from signs your [the] going out of morning and evening you make shout for joy
קְ֭צָוֹתKe.tza.vot [the] ends H7117 Noun common · feminine plural absolute
7× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word means the end of something, like a boundary or a limit. It can also refer to a part or portion of something. In the Bible, it is used to describe the end of things.
Tyndale gloss
end
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

קְצָת (qtsath) refers to an 'end' or 'part,' derived from a root meaning to terminate. It can denote literal ends, such as corners or edges, and is used in various contexts, including time. The term also implies a portion of something, as noted in the entries.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

קְצָת n.f. end

end, of corners of grating; ends of earth

(some) from the ends of, some of

at the end of a certain time

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H7117 קְצָת

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

7117 qtsath kets-awth'

from 7096; a termination (literally or figuratively); also

(by implication) a portion; adverbially (with prepositional

prefix) after:--end, part, X some.

see HEBREW for 07096

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

קְצָת (qe.tsat) — end.

1) end, part

1a) end

1a1) of corners, of earth

1b) from the end of

1c) at the end of

Aramaic equivalent: qe.tsat (קְצָת "end" H7118)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HNcfpa — Noun common · feminine plural absolute
HNcfpa
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
and they were afraid [the] inhabitants of [the] ends from signs your [the] going out of morning and evening you make shout for joy
מֵאוֹתֹתֶ֑יךָme.'o.to.Tei.kha from signs your H226 Preposition · noun common feminine plural construct · suffix
80× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
A miraculous sign or wonder, like a beacon or monument. In the Bible, it appears in books like Genesis and Isaiah. It means a signal or token of God's power.
Tyndale gloss
sign: miraculous
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אוֹת (owth) means 'sign' and encompasses a range of meanings including a token, miracle, or omen. It can refer to distinguishing marks, banners, and memorials, as well as signs of divine presence or prophetic promises. The term is used in contexts related to covenants and changes in weather. Notably, it appears in Exodus 4:8.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אוֹת n.m. 79 Ex 4:8 (f. Jos 24:17) sign

sign, pledge, token

signs, omens promised by prophets as pledges of certain predicted events

sign, symbol of prophets

signs, miracles, as pledges or attestations of divine presence & interposition

signs, memorials

sign, pledge of covenant

ensigns, standards

signs, tokens of changes of weather & times

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H226 אוֹת sign . sign, pledge, token

. signs, omens promised by prophets as pledges of certain predicted events

. sign, symbol of prophets

. signs, miracles, as pledges or attestations of divine presence & interposition

. signs, memorials

. sign, pledge of covenant

. ensigns, standards

. signs, tokens of changes of weather & times

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

226 'owth oth

probably from 225 (in the sense of appearing); a signal

(literally or figuratively), as a flag, beacon, monument,

omen, prodigy, evidence, etc.:--mark, miracle, (en-)sign,

token.

see HEBREW for 0225

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אוֹת (ot) — sign: miraculous.

: miraculous

1) sign, signal

1a) a distinguishing mark

1b) banner

1c) remembrance

1d) miraculous sign

1e) omen

1f) warning

2) token, ensign, standard, miracle, proof

אוֹת (ot) — sign: indicator.

: 2_indicator

1) sign, signal

1a) a distinguishing mark

1b) banner

1c) remembrance

1d) miraculous sign

1e) omen

1f) warning

2) token, ensign, standard, miracle, proof

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HR/Ncfpc/Sp2ms — Preposition · noun common feminine plural construct · suffix
HR/Ncfpc/Sp2ms
and they were afraid [the] inhabitants of [the] ends from signs your [the] going out of morning and evening you make shout for joy
מ֤וֹצָֽאֵי־Mo.tza.'ei- [the] going out of H4161 Noun common · masculine plural construct
27× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Exit refers to a way out or a place of departure, like a gate or a door. In 1 Samuel 17:52, it describes the Israelites' escape route from the Philistines. This term can also mean the rising of the sun or the source of a river.
Tyndale gloss
exit
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

מוֹצָא (mowtsa') refers to a place or act of going forth, encompassing meanings like exit, source, or spring. It can denote various concepts such as the rising of the sun, exportation, and even a mine. The entries highlight its use in contexts related to movement and production, but do not indicate any significant disagreement among lexicons.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

מוֹצָא n.m. place or act of going forth, issue, export, source, spring

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H4161 מוֹצָא place or act of going forth, issue, export, source, spring

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

4161 mowtsa' mo-tsaw'

or motsai {mo-tsaw'}; from 3318; a going forth, i.e. (the

act) an egress, or (the place) an exit; hence, a source or

product; specifically, dawn, the rising of the sun (the East),

exportation, utterance, a gate, a fountain, a mine, a meadow

(as producing grass):--brought out, bud, that which came

out, east, going forth, goings out, that which (thing that) is

gone out, outgoing, proceeded out, spring, vein,

(water-)course (springs).

see HEBREW for 03318

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

מוֹצָא (mo.tsa) — exit.

1) act or place of going out or forth, issue, export, source, spring

1a) a going forth

1a1) rising (sun), going forth of a command

1a2) goings forth, those going forth

1a3) way out, exit

1b) that which goes forth

1b1) utterance

1b2) export

1c) place of going forth

1c1) source or spring (of water)

1c2) place of departure

1c3) east (of sun)

1c4) mine (of silver)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HNcmpc — Noun common · masculine plural construct
HNcmpc
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ov:

(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.

English usagewhat the translators’ English meant
Webster's Dictionary (1828), Webster's Unabridged (1913), Webster's Dictionary (1806)

OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]

1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.

I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.

For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.

It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.

Lamentations 3:1.

The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.

Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.

That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.

Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…

and they were afraid [the] inhabitants of [the] ends from signs your [the] going out of morning and evening you make shout for joy
בֹ֖קֶרVo.ker morning H1242 Noun common · masculine singular absolute
214× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The break of day or morning, a time of new beginnings, as in the morning sacrifices in Exodus 29:39 or the resurrection of Jesus on the first day of the week in John 20:1.
Tyndale gloss
morning
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

בֹּ֫קֶר (boqer) means 'morning' and is derived from the root word for 'dawn.' It encompasses the time of day when light begins to appear, marking the end of night and the start of a new day. The term can also refer to the next day or morning after a specific point in time. It is associated with brightness and joy following periods of distress.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

בֹּ֫קֶר 214 n.m. morning

morning (of point of time, time at which, never during which, Eng. morning = forenoon

morrow, next day

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1242 בֹּ֫קֶר morning . morning (of point of time, time at which, never during which, Eng. morning = forenoon

. morrow, next day

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1242 boqer bo'-ker

from 1239; properly, dawn (as the break of day); generally,

morning:--(+) day, early, morning, morrow.

see HEBREW for 01239

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

בֹּ֫קֶר (bo.qer) — morning.

1) morning, break of day

1a) morning

1a1) of end of night

1a2) of coming of daylight

1a3) of coming of sunrise

1a4) of beginning of day

1a5) of bright joy after night of distress (fig.)

1b) morrow, next day, next morning

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HNcmsa — Noun common · masculine singular absolute
HNcmsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

mor'-ning: There are several Hebrew and Greek words which are rendered "morning," the most common in Hebrew being boqer, which occurs 180 times. It properly means "the breaking forth of the light," "the dawn," as in Ge 19:27; Jud 19:8,25,27. Another word with the same meaning is shachar (Ge 19:15; Ne 4:21; Isa 58:8). mishchar ("womb of the morning," Ps 110:3) is a poetical term derived from. the same root. See HIND OF THE MORNING. noghah, naghha' (Da 6:19 (Hebrew 20)), mean "brightness." hashkem, comes from…

Torrey's New Topical Textbook

- The second part of the day at the creation

Ge 1:5,8,13,19,23,31

- The first part of the natural day

Mr 16:2

- Ordained by God

Job 38:12

- Began with first dawn

Jos 6:15; Ps 119:147

- Continued until noon

1Ki 18:26; Ne 8:3

- First dawning of, called the eyelids of the morning

Job 3:9; 41:18

- The outgoings of, made to rejoice

Ps 65:8

- THE JEWS

. Generally rose early in

and they were afraid [the] inhabitants of [the] ends from signs your [the] going out of morning and evening you make shout for joy
וָעֶ֣רֶבva.'E.rev and evening H6153 Conjunction · noun common masculine singular absolute
134× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the Bible, this Hebrew word means evening or sunset, like when God created daylight and darkness in Genesis. It refers to the time of day, often marking the end of a workday. This word is used in many verses, including Exodus and Psalms.
Tyndale gloss
evening
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

עֶ֫רֶב (ereb) refers to the time of day known as evening or dusk, originally associated with sunset. It can also denote night, particularly in poetic contexts. The phrase 'between two evenings' suggests a time frame between sunset and darkness.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

עֶ֫רֶב 131 n.[m.] (sun)set, evening

evening, orig. sunset

du. in phrase between two evenings, i.e. prob. between sunset and dark

(late poet.) = night

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H6153 עֶ֫רֶב (sun)set, evening . . evening, orig. sunset

. du. in phrase between two evenings, i.e. prob. between sunset and dark

. (late poet.) = night

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

6153 `ereb eh'-reb

from 6150; dusk:--+ day, even(-ing, tide), night.

see HEBREW for 06150

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

עֶ֫רֶב (e.rev) — evening.

1) evening, night, sunset

1a) evening, sunset

1b) night

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HC/Ncmsa — Conjunction · noun common masculine singular absolute
HC/Ncmsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
Easton's Bible Dictionary

Evening

The period following sunset with which the Jewish day began (Gen. 1:5; Mark 13:35). The Hebrews reckoned two evenings of each day, as appears from Ex. 16:12: 30:8; 12:6 (marg.); Lev. 23:5 (marg. R.V., “between the two evenings”). The “first evening” was that period when the sun was verging towards setting, and the “second evening” the moment of actual sunset. The word “evenings” in Jer. 5:6 should be “deserts” (marg. R.V.).

American Tract Society Bible Dictionary

The Hebrews reckoned two evenings in each day; as in the phrase, "between the two evenings," Ex 12:6 Nu 9:3 28:4. In this interval the Passover was to be killed, and the daily evening sacrifice offered, Ex 29:39-41, Hebrew. According to the Carites, this time between the evenings is the interval from sunset to complete darkness, that is, the evening is the interval from sunset to complete darkness, that is, the evening twilight. Compare De 16:6. According to the Pharisees and the rabbins, the first evening began when the sun inclined to descend more rapidly, that is, at the ninth hour; while the second or real evening commenced at sunset. See DAY.

and they were afraid [the] inhabitants of [the] ends from signs your [the] going out of morning and evening you make shout for joy
תַּרְנִֽין׃tar.Nin you make shout for joy H7442 Verb · Hiphil · imperfect second person masculine singular
54× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew verb means to sing or shout for joy, often used to express praise or triumph, as seen in Psalm 98:4 where believers are called to shout for joy to the Lord. It can also mean to cry aloud in distress or to summon others. This word is used to describe a loud, vocal expression of emotion.
Tyndale gloss
to overcome
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

רוּן (run) primarily means to overcome, while רָנַן (ranan) refers to giving a ringing cry, often in joy or distress. The entries indicate a range of uses, including shouting for joy, singing, and calling out in exhortation. Notably, the word can also imply causing others to rejoice or sing.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[רוּן] vb. overcome;—Hithpō‛. ψ 78:65

ref

[רָנַן] vb. give a ringing cry

Qal

in joy, exultation

in distress

cry aloud, in summons, exhortation (of wisdom)

Pi. give a ringing cry, in joy, exultation

Pu. no ringing cry shall be given

Hiph. cause to ring out for joy

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H7442a רוּן overcome H7442b רָנַן give a ringing cry .. in joy, exultation

. in distress

. cry aloud, in summons, exhortation (of wisdom)

. give a ringing cry, in joy, exultation

. no ringing cry shall be given

. cause to ring out for joy

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

7442 ranan raw-nan'

a primitive root; properly, to creak (or emit a stridulous

sound), i.e. to shout (usually for joy):--aloud for joy, cry

out, be joyful (greatly, make to) rejoice, (cause to) shout

(for joy), (cause to) sing (aloud, for joy, out), triumph.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

רוּן (run) — to overcome.

1) to overcome

1a) (Hithpolel) to be overcome

רָנַן (ra.nan) — to sing.

1) to cry out, shout for joy, give a ringing cry

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to give a ringing cry (in joy, exaltation, distress)

1a2) to cry aloud (in summons, exhortation of wisdom)

1b) (Piel) to give a ringing cry (in joy, exultation, praise

1c) (Pual) ringing cry, singing out (passive)

1d) (Hiphil) to cause to ring or sing out (for joy)

1e) (Hithpolel) rejoicing (participle)

Also means: ran.nen (רַנֵּן "to sing" H7444)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HVhi2ms — Verb · Hiphil · imperfect second person masculine singular
HVhi2ms
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

joi (simchah; chara):

1. Terms:

The idea of joy is expressed in the Old Testament by a wealth of synonymous terms that cannot easily be differentiated. The commonest is simchah (1Sa 18:6, etc.), variously translated in English Versions of the Bible "joy," "gladness," "mirth"; from sameah, properly "to be bright," "to shine" (Pr 13:9, "The light of the righteous rejoiceth," literally, "is bright"), but generally used figuratively "to rejoice," "be glad" (Le 23:40 and very frequent).

Other nouns are masos and sason, both from sus, properly "to spring," "leap," hence, "exult," "rejoice"; rinnah, "shouting." "joy"; gil, from verb gil or gul, "to go in a circle," hence, "be excited" (dancing round for joy), "rejoice." In the New…

Nave's Topical Bible

→ Attributed to God De 28:63; 30:9; Jer 32:41

→ In heaven Lu 15:10-32

→ UNCLASSIFIED SCRIPTURES RELATING TO De 12:18; 1Sa 2:1; 1Ch 16:27; 2Ch 7:10; Ezr 6:22; Ne 8:10,12; 12:43; Job 8:21; 22:21,26; 33:26; Ps 2:11; 4:7; 5:11; 9:2,14; 13:5; 14:7; 16:5,6,8,9,11; 17:15; 19:8; 20:5; 21:1,6; 28:7…

Torrey's New Topical Textbook

- God gives

Ec 2:26; Ps 4:7

- Christ appointed to give

Isa 61:3

- Is a fruit of the Spirit

Ga 5:22

- The gospel, good tidings of

Lu 2:10,11

- God's word affords

Ne 8:12; Jer 15:16

- The gospel to be received with

1Th 1:6

- Promised to saints

Ps 132:16; Isa 35:10; 55:12; 56:7

- Prepared for saints

Ps 97:11

Sources on this page. Lexicons and dictionaries imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate Liddell-Scott-Jones, Robinson and Packard, Webster and Cawdrey. Thayer’s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (Harper, 1889 — Grimm’s Wilke’s Clavis Novi Testamenti, translated, revised and enlarged by Joseph Henry Thayer) is public domain and is set here from the Internet Archive page scan greekenglishlex00grim; it is uncorrected OCR, marked as such on the entry itself, and the Strong’s numbers — which Thayer’s own edition does not carry — were matched by lemma against the other modules on this page. Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament (Macmillan, 1880) and Moulton and Milligan’s Vocabulary of the Greek Testament (Hodder & Stoughton, 1930, which entered the United States public domain on 1 January 2026) are set from Internet Archive page scans synonymsofnewtes00treniala and vocabularyofgree00mouluoft, and are likewise uncorrected OCR matched to Strong’s numbers by lemma. Trench treats a group of words at once, so the same essay stands on the page of each word it compares. The Mounce Concise Greek-English Dictionary is © 1993 and is used here by permission for non-commercial use, www.teknia.com/greek-dictionary. The full Liddell-Scott-Jones and the Hebrew word data (TAHOT) come from STEPBible.org, CC BY 4.0. Brown-Driver-Briggs is the OpenScriptures digitisation, public domain. Syntax analysis is the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (biblicalhumanities.org); the concordance and morphology are built from the tagged Nestle 1904 text. Septuagint occurrences use the Open Scriptures Septuagint lemma index, derived from CCAT (University of Pennsylvania) and the Rahlfs 1935 dataset by Eliran Wong, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — used here on a non-commercial ministry site. Greek of Josephus and Barnabas from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA 4.0. Commentaries and the Ante-Nicene Fathers are public-domain texts hosted on this site. Everyday Greek from the Duke Databank of Documentary Papyri, CC BY 3.0, with dates and provenance from the Heidelberger Gesamtverzeichnis. Philo and the Apostolic Fathers from Open Greek and Latin (First1KGreek), CC BY-SA 4.0. The apparatus and the fifth Greek column are the SBL Greek New Testament, © 2010 SBL and Logos Bible Software, CC BY 4.0. The Latin is the Clementine Vulgate (public domain); the Syriac New Testament is the ETCBC edition (MIT licence). The Hebrew behind the Greek is computed here from the Septuagint index and TAHOT, not taken from any aligned edition. The translation spread and the per-word edition marks come from the Translators Amalgamated Greek NT (STEPBible, CC BY 4.0); clause roles from the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (CC BY-SA 4.0); place identifications and their confidence from OpenBible.info Bible Geocoding (CC BY 4.0), with map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Gospel parallels are computed here from shared uncommon vocabulary, not taken from any printed harmony. Cross references are the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge and the subject headings are Nave’s Topical Bible, both public domain. Works under Creative Commons licences are used unchanged apart from markup removal.

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