Psalms 98:4 — Word Study
WLCהָרִ֣יעוּ לַֽ֭יהוָה כָּל־ הָאָ֑רֶץ פִּצְח֖וּ וְרַנְּנ֣וּ וְזַמֵּֽרוּ׃
BSAMake a joyful noiserûwaʻ [with triumphant shout, sounding with a loud voice] to the LORDYᵉhôvâh [Yehovah, The covenant Name of God] allkôl [everything, the whole] the earthʼerets [land, territory, or region] break forthpâtsach [in joyful sound, with music or singing] let your cry ring outrânan [shout of joy, loud noise] and sing praiseszâmar [make music, with praise and celebration, songs of joy, triumph]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| הָרִ֣יעוּ | shout for joy | Verb, Hiphil, imperative second person masculine plural |
| לַֽ֭יהוָה | to Yahweh | Preposition, noun proper |
| כָּל־ | O all | Noun common, masculine singular construct |
| הָאָ֑רֶץ | the earth | Particle, noun common feminine singular absolute |
| פִּצְח֖וּ | break forth | Verb, Qal, imperative second person masculine plural |
| וְרַנְּנ֣וּ | and sing for joy | Conjunction, verb piel imperative second person masculine plural |
| וְזַמֵּֽרוּ׃ | and make music | Conjunction, verb piel imperative second person masculine plural |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | Make a joyful noise to the LORD, all the earth; break forth—let your cry ring out, and sing praises! |
| KJV | Make a joyful noise unto the LORD, all the earth: make a loud noise, and rejoice, and sing praise. |
| ASV | Make a joyful noise unto Jehovah, all the earth: Break forth and sing for joy, yea, sing praises. |
| YLT | Shout to Jehovah, all the earth, Break forth, and cry aloud, and sing. |
| WEB | Make a joyful noise to Yahweh, all the earth! Burst out and sing for joy, yes, sing praises! |
| BBE | Let all the earth send out a glad cry to the Lord; sounding with a loud voice, and praising him with songs of joy. |
Where they part company is הָרִ֣יעוּ — see How Translations Differ.
The structure consists of a main command followed by several imperative phrases, emphasizing the call to joyful worship.
7 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
verbרוּעַ
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Psalms 98:4
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — A Call to Worshipgenerated
Psalm 98:4 is part of a psalm that celebrates God's salvation and faithfulness. The psalmist invites all the earth to respond with joy and music, emphasizing the universal nature of worship. This call to praise follows a declaration of God's love and faithfulness to Israel, reminding all nations of His mighty acts as seen in Psalm 98:3.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Psalm 47:1–5 | Clap your hands, all you peoples; shout unto God with a voice of triumph. |
| 2 | Psalm 66:1–4 | Make a joyful noise to God, all the earth! |
| 3 | Psalm 67:4 | Let the nations be glad and sing for joy, for You judge the peoples justly and lead the nations of the earth. Selah |
| 4 | Psalm 95:1 | Come, let us sing for joy to the LORD; let us shout to the Rock of our salvation! |
| 5 | Psalm 100:1 | Make a joyful noise to the LORD, all the earth. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 12 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — הָרִ֣יעוּ, ha.Ri.'ugenerated
The verb רוּעַ (rua`) means to shout or make a loud noise, often associated with joy or alarm. It is used here in the Hiphil form, indicating an imperative command to shout joyfully.
This word captures the essence of exuberant praise, calling for a loud expression of joy, similar to a battle cry or a celebration. The psalmist emphasizes that this joyful noise is directed to the LORD, inviting everyone to participate.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The main verb הָרִ֣יעוּ governs the entire verse, commanding the action of making a joyful noise. This is followed by a series of clauses that expand on how to express this joy.
The structure emphasizes the imperative nature of the command, with multiple verbs indicating different ways to praise the LORD: פִּצְח֖וּ (break forth), רַנְּנ֣וּ (sing for joy), and זַמֵּֽרוּ (make music).
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates הָרִ֣יעוּ as ἀλαλάχατε (G214), which carries a similar meaning of shouting or making a loud noise. This choice aligns with the joyful intent of the original Hebrew.
The Greek translation captures the essence of exuberant praise, reinforcing the call for all to participate in joyful worship.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Psalm 98:4 invites everyone on earth to make a joyful noise to the LORD. It encourages breaking forth in song and praise, celebrating God's love and faithfulness. This psalm emphasizes that all creation is called to worship and rejoice.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
Making a joyful noise means expressing happiness and praise loudly, often through shouting or singing.
The earth is invited to praise because God's love and faithfulness extend to all creation, and everyone is called to recognize and celebrate His greatness.
You can participate by singing, shouting, or playing music in worship, expressing your joy and gratitude to God.
Other scriptures like Psalm 100:1 and Psalm 47:1 also encourage joyful praise and worship.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What are some ways I can express my joy in worship?
- How does recognizing God's faithfulness inspire me to praise?
- In what situations have I felt compelled to make a joyful noise?
- How can I encourage others to join in joyful praise?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
The early Church Father Augustine of Hippo quotes this verse to emphasize the call to joyful worship, illustrating its significance in the Christian tradition.
Because they have seen, then, "Make a joyful noise unto the Lord, all you lands" [Psalms 98:4]. You already know what it is to make a joyful noise. Rejoice, and speak.Early Church Fathers on Psalms 98 →
Commentators on this verse — 7 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Psalms 98:4 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleMake a joyful noise unto the Lord, all the earth,.... That is, all the inhabitants of the earth, as the Targum, to whom the joyful sound of the Gospel comes; [See comments on Psalms 95:1], make a
Read John Gill on Psalms 98 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryMake a joyful noise unto the LORD, all the earth: make a loud noise, and rejoice, and sing praise. -How Yahweh is to be praised by all the earth-namely, with all means in men's power-vocal and instrumental music. Verse 4.
Read Robert Jamieson on Psalms 98 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleBecause you all do now partake of the same privileges with the Jews, join with them in worshipping and praising of God.
Read Matthew Poole on Psalms 98 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsPsalms 98:4 Make a joyful noise unto the LORD, all the earth: make a loud noise, and rejoice, and sing praise.Ver. 4. Make a joyful noise] Bless God for a Christ. The Argives, when delivered by the Romans from the tyranny of the Macedonians and Spartans, Quae gaudia, quae vociferationes fuerunt! quid fiorum in Consulem profuderunt! what great joys expressed they! what loud outcries made they! the very birds that flew over them fell on the ground, astonied with their noises (Plut. in Flamin.). The crier at the Nemean games was forced to pronounce the word liberty iterumque iterumque, again and again.
Read John Trapp on Psalms 98 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(4) Make a joyful noise.—Better, Break out into songs and music.
Read Charles John Ellicott on Psalms 98 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleMake a joyful noise unto the Lord - By singing; by instruments of music. See the notes at Psalms 95:1. All the earth - All lands. The event is of sufficient importance to be celebrated by all nations.
Read Albert Barnes on Psalms 98 →Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible4. Make a joyful noise unto the Lord—Shout to Jehovah. This call is made to all the earth, inasmuch as “the ends of the earth” had seen (Psalms 98:3) the salvation of God to his people.
Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Psalms 98 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
Make a joyful noise to the LORD, all the earth; break forth—let your cry ring out, and sing praises!
Make a joyful noise to Yahweh, all the earth! Burst out and sing for joy, yes, sing praises!
Make a joyful noise to the LORD, all the earth; break forth—let your cry ring out, and sing praises!
Shout out praises to the Lord, all the earth! Break out in a joyful shout and sing!
Tyndale line
Make a joyful noise unto the LORD, all the earth: make a loud noise, and rejoice, and sing praise.
Make a joyful noise unto Jehovah, all the earth: Break forth and sing for joy, yea, sing praises.
Make a joyful noise unto the LORD, all the earth: break forth and sing for joy, yea, sing praises.
Make a joyful noise to the LORD, all the earth: make a loud noise, and rejoice, and sing praise.
All the earth, sing ye loude vnto the Lord: crie out and reioyce, and sing prayses.
Strictly literal
Shout aloud unto Jehovah, all the earth; break forth and shout for joy, and sing psalms.
Shout to Jehovah, all the earth, Break forth, and cry aloud, and sing.
Shout to YHWH, all the earth, || Break forth, and cry aloud, and sing.
Shout joyfully unto the Lord, all the lands: break forth, and rejoice, and sing praises.
Shout for joy to Yahweh, all the earth; burst into song, sing for joy, and sing praises.
From the Latin
And the king’s honour loveth judgment. Thou hast prepared directions: thou hast done judgment and justice in Jacob.
Simplified
Everyone on earth, shout in triumph to the Lord; break out in joyful songs of praise!
Let all the earth send out a glad cry to the Lord; sounding with a loud voice, and praising him with songs of joy.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint agree closely, with all seven words matched in the Hebrew and Greek texts. The Dead Sea Scrolls show some restoration, but the core message remains consistent across these witnesses.
הָרִ֣יעוּ לַֽ֭יהוָה כָּל־ הָאָ֑רֶץ פִּצְח֖וּ וְרַנְּנ֣וּ וְזַמֵּֽרוּ׃
7 of the 7 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
[הריעו] [ליהוה] [כל] [הארץ] [פצחו] [ורננו] וזמרו
1 word on the leather — 6 supplied entire by an editor.
הריעו ליהוה [כל] [הארץ] [פצחו] [ורננו] [וזמרו]
1 word on the leather — 1 partly restored, 5 supplied entire by an editor.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Psalms 98:4
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
רוּעַ (ruwa`) is a Hebrew verb primarily meaning to shout or raise a sound. It encompasses a range of actions, including giving a blast with a horn, shouting in alarm or joy, and even signaling for battle. The word can also imply destruction in certain contexts. The entries highlight its use in various forms, such as Hiphil and Niphal.
[רוּעַ] vb. Hiph. 40 1. raise a shout. 2. give a blast with clarion or horn
Pō‛lal. a shout shall not be uttered
Hithpō‛l.
shout in triumph
shout for joy
base
H7321 [רוּעַ] Hiph. 1. raise a shout. 2. give a blast with clarion or horn
7321 ruwa` roo-ah'
a primitive root; to mar (especially by breaking);
figuratively, to split the ears (with sound), i.e. shout (for
alarm or joy):--blow an alarm, cry (alarm, aloud, out),
destroy, make a joyful noise, smart, shout (for joy), sound an
alarm, triumph.
רוּעַ (ru.a) — to shout.
1) to shout, raise a sound, cry out, give a blast
1a) (Hiphil)
1a1) to shout a war-cry or alarm of battle
1a2) to sound a signal for war or march
1a3) to shout in triumph (over enemies)
1a4) to shout in applause
1a5) to shout (with religious impulse)
1a6) to cry out in distress
1b) (Polal) to utter a shout
1c) (Hithpolel)
1c1) to shout in triumph
1c2) to shout for joy
2) (Niphal) destroyed
V-Hiphil-Impv-2mp — Verb · Hiphil · imperative second person masculine pluralHVhv2mp
joi (simchah; chara):
1. Terms:
The idea of joy is expressed in the Old Testament by a wealth of synonymous terms that cannot easily be differentiated. The commonest is simchah (1Sa 18:6, etc.), variously translated in English Versions of the Bible "joy," "gladness," "mirth"; from sameah, properly "to be bright," "to shine" (Pr 13:9, "The light of the righteous rejoiceth," literally, "is bright"), but generally used figuratively "to rejoice," "be glad" (Le 23:40 and very frequent).
Other nouns are masos and sason, both from sus, properly "to spring," "leap," hence, "exult," "rejoice"; rinnah, "shouting." "joy"; gil, from verb gil or gul, "to go in a circle," hence, "be excited" (dancing round for joy), "rejoice." In the New…
יְהֹוָה (ye.ho.vah) is the proper name of the God of Israel, often rendered as Jehovah or the Lord. It signifies the self-existent or eternal nature of God. The name is closely associated with the revelation to Moses in Exodus 3:12-15 and is used in conjunction with other terms to denote sacred places. Some scholars suggest it derives from a root meaning 'to bring into being.'
יהוה c. 6823 i.e. יַהְוֶה n.pr.dei Yahweh, the proper name of the God of Israel—(1. MT יְהֹוָה 6518 (Qr אֲדֹנָי), or יֱהֹוִה 305 (Qr אֱלֹהִים) 2. Many recent scholars explain יַהְוֶה as Hiph. of הוה (= היה) the one bringing into being, life-giver)
יהוה is not used by E in Gn, but is given Ex 3:12-15 as the name of the God who revealed Himself to Moses at Horeb
יהוה is used with אלהים and suffixes, especially in D
the phrase † אֲנִי יהוה is noteworthy
יהוה is also used with several predicates, to form sacred names of holy places of Yahweh
base
H3068 יהוה i.e. יַהְוֶה n. pr. dei Yahweh, the proper name of the God of Israel
3068 Yhovah yeh-ho-vaw'
from 1961; (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jehovah, Jewish
national name of God:--Jehovah, the Lord. Compare 3050, 3069.
see HEBREW for 01961
see HEBREW for 03050
see HEBREW for 03069
יְהֹוָה (ye.ho.vah) — LORD.
Jehovah = "the existing One"
1) the proper name of the one true God
1a) unpronounced except with the vowel pointings of a.do.na (אֲדֹנָי "Lord" H0136)
יְהֹוָה (ye.ho.vah) — The Lord.
Another name of ye.ru.sha.laim (יְרוּשָׁלִַ֫ם, יְרוּשְׁלֵם "Jerusalem" H3389)
יְהֹוָה (ye.ho.vah) — (Jerusalem of) the Lord.
Combined with ye.ru.sha.laim (יְרוּשָׁלִַ֫ם, יְרוּשְׁלֵם "Jerusalem" H3389)
Prep | N-proper — Preposition · noun properHR/Npt
כֹּל (kol) means 'all' or 'the whole.' It can refer to totality, including every person or thing, and is often used with a following genitive to specify what is included. The term can also denote a broader sense of everything in existence or all circumstances of life. The lexicons do not show significant disagreement on its meanings.
כֹּל once כּוֹל n.m. the whole, all
with foll. gen. (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, any or every
Absolutely:
without the art., all things, all
with the art. הַכֹּל
where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned
in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe, or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late)
base
H3605 כֹּל once כּוֹל the whole, all . with foll. gen. (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, any or every
. Absolutely: . without the art., all things, all
. with the art. הַכֹּל . where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned
. in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe, or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late)
3605 kol kole
or (Jer. 33:8) kowl {kole}; from 3634; properly, the whole;
hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a
plural sense):--(in) all (manner, (ye)), altogether, any
(manner), enough, every (one, place, thing), howsoever, as
many as, (no-)thing, ought, whatsoever, (the) whole,
whoso(-ever).
see HEBREW for 03634
כֹּל (kol) — all.
1) all, the whole
1a) all, the whole of
1b) any, each, every, anything
1c) totality, everything
Aramaic equivalent: kol (כֹּל "all" H3606)
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular constructHNcmsc
ol: Used in various combinations, and with different meanings.
(1) All along, "Weeping all along as he went" (Jer 41:6), i.e. throughout the whole way he went, feigning equal concern with the men from Shiloh, etc., for the destruction of the Temple, so as to put them off their guard.
(2) All in all, "That God may be all in all" (1Co 15:28, Greek: panta en pasin, "all things in all (persons and) things"). "The universe, with all it comprises, will wholly answer to God's will and reflect His mind" (Dummelow).
אֶ֫רֶץ (erets) is a feminine noun meaning 'earth' or 'land.' It encompasses various meanings, including the whole earth, specific territories like Canaan, and even inhabitants of the land. It can refer to soil, ground, or regions, and is used in phrases related to distance and the living. There is a note on the plural form אֲרָצוֹת, which mainly appears in later texts to denote multiple lands.
אֶ֫רֶץ n. f. & (seld.) m. earth, land
earth, whole earth (opp. to a part)
earth, opp. to heaven, sky
earth = inhabitants of earth
land =
country, territory
district, region
trial territory
piece of ground
specif. land of Canaan, or Israel
= inhabitants of land
used even of Shᵉʼôl
ground, surface of ground
soil, as productive
אֶרֶץ in phrases
people of the land
in measurements of distance
the country of the plain, level or plain country
land of the living
end(s) of the earth
pl. אֲרָצוֹת is almost wholly late; it denotes lands, countries, often in contrast to Canaan, lands of the nations, etc.
base
H776 אֶ֫רֶץ n. f. & (seld.) m. earth, land . . earth, whole earth (opp. to a part)
. earth, opp. to heaven, sky
. earth = inhabitants of earth
. land = . country, territory
. district, region
. trial territory
. piece of ground
. specif. land of Canaan, or Israel
. = inhabitants of land
. used even of Shᵉʼôl
. . ground, surface of ground
. soil, as productive
. אֶרֶץ in phrases . people of the land
. in measurements of distance
. the country of the plain, level or plain country
. land of the living
. end(s) of the earth
. pl. אֲרָצוֹת is almost wholly late; it denotes lands, countries, often in contrast to Canaan, lands of the nations, etc.
776 'erets eh'-rets
from an unused root probably meaning to be firm; the earth
(at large, or partitively a land):--X common, country, earth,
field, ground, land, X natins, way, + wilderness, world.
אֶ֫רֶץ (e.rets) — land: country/planet.
: country/field
1) land, earth
1a) earth
1a1) whole earth (as opposed to a part)
1a2) earth (as opposed to heaven)
1a3) earth (inhabitants)
1b) land
1b1) country, territory
1b2) district, region
1b3) tribal territory
1b4) piece of ground
1b5) land of Canaan, Israel
1b6) inhabitants of land
1b7) Sheol, land without return, (under) world
1b8) city (-state)
1c) ground, surface of the earth
1c1) ground
1c2) soil
1d) (in phrases)
1d1) people of the land
1d2) space or distance of country (in measurements of distance)
1d3) level or plain country
1d4) land of the living
1d5) end(s) of the earth
1e) (almost wholly late in usage)
1e1) lands, countries
1e1a) often in contrast to Canaan
אֶ֫רֶץ (e.rets) — land: soil.
: soil
1) land, earth
1a) earth
1a1) whole earth (as opposed to a part)
1a2) earth (as opposed to heaven)
1a3) earth (inhabitants)
1b) land
1b1) country, territory
Art | N-cs — Particle · noun common feminine singular absoluteHTd/Ncfsa
urth ('adhamah, 'erets, 'aphar; ge, oikoumene):
In a hilly limestone country like Palestine, the small amount of iron oxide in the rocks tends to be oxidized, and thereby to give a prevailing reddish color to the soil. This is especially the case on relatively barren hills where there is little organic matter present to prevent reddening and give a more blackish tinge.
'Adhamah (compare 'adham, "a man," and Adam) is from 'adham, "to be red," and is used in the senses: "earth" (Ex 20:24), "land" (Ps 105:35), a "land" or country (Isa 14:2), "ground" (Ge 4:11), "the earth" (Ge 7:4).
Earth
(1.) In the sense of soil or ground, the translation of the word adamah’. In Gen. 9:20 “husbandman” is literally “man of the ground or earth.” Altars were to be built of earth (Ex. 20:24). Naaman asked for two mules’ burden of earth (2 Kings 5:17), under the superstitious notion that Jehovah, like the gods of the heathen, could be acceptably worshipped only on his own soil.
(2). As the rendering of ’erets, it means the whole world (Gen. 1:2); the land as opposed to the sea (1:10). Erets also denotes a country (21:32); a plot of ground (23:15); the ground on which a man stands (33:3); the inhabitants of the earth (6:1; 11:1); all the world except Israel (
The term is used in two widely-different senses: (1) for the material of which the earth’s surface is composed; (2) as the name of the planet on which man dwells. The Hebrew language discriminates between these two by the use of separate terms, adamah for the former, erets for the latter. Adamah is the earth in the sense of soil or ground, particularly as being susceptible of cultivation. (Genesis 2:7) Erets is applied in a more or less extended sense-- (1) to the whole world, (Genesis 1:1) (2) to land as opposed to sea, (Genesis 1:10) (3) to a country, (Genesis 21:32) (4) to a plot of ground, (Genesis 23:15) and (5) to…
In both Hebrew and Greek the same word is used to denote the earth as a whole, and a particular land. Only the context can enable us to decide in which of these senses it is to be taken in a given passage.
Thus in Mt 27:45 we might, so far as the original word is concerned, render either "there was darkness over all the land," or over all the earth. The expression "all the earth" is sometimes used hyperbolically for a large portion of it, Ezr 1:2. The word is used of the whole world, etc. In a moral sense, earthly is opposed to what is heavenly, spiritual and holy, Joh 3:31 1Co 15:47 Col 3:2
פָּצַח (patsach) is a Hebrew verb meaning to break out or burst forth, often associated with joyful sounds. It can refer to breaking forth in joy or making a loud noise, and in a different form, it can mean to break bones in pieces. The entries highlight its use in contexts of exuberance and physical breaking.
פָּצַח vb. cause to break or burst forth, break forth with
Qal they have broken forth with joyous shout
Pi. break bones in pieces
base
H6476 פָּצַח cause to break or burst forth, break forth with
6476 patsach paw-tsakh'
a primitive root; to break out (in joyful sound):--break
(forth, forth into joy), make a loud noise.
פָּצַח (pa.tsach) — to break out.
1) to cause to break or burst forth, break forth with, break out
1a) (Qal) to break out, break forthwith
1b) (Piel) to break up
V-Qal-Impv-2mp — Verb · Qal · imperative second person masculine pluralHVqv2mp
forth: "Forth," adverb (from "for"), signifies movement
(1) forward,
(2) out of,
(3) beyond a certain boundary.
In a few instances in the Old Testament it is the translation of the preposition `al, properly "above," "upon" (2Ki 11:15; 2Ch 23:14; Am 7:17 the King James Version), and of chuts, "without" (Ge 39:13; Jud 19:25). "Forth" is often used as an expletive of various verbs, as "break (forth)," "bring (forth)," "call (forth)," etc. In the Gospel of John it is the translation of exo, "without," as "Lazarus, come forth" (11:43; so 15:6; 19:4 the King James Version…
רוּן (run) primarily means to overcome, while רָנַן (ranan) refers to giving a ringing cry, often in joy or distress. The entries indicate a range of uses, including shouting for joy, singing, and calling out in exhortation. Notably, the word can also imply causing others to rejoice or sing.
[רוּן] vb. overcome;—Hithpō‛. ψ 78:65
ref
[רָנַן] vb. give a ringing cry
Qal
in joy, exultation
in distress
cry aloud, in summons, exhortation (of wisdom)
Pi. give a ringing cry, in joy, exultation
Pu. no ringing cry shall be given
Hiph. cause to ring out for joy
base
H7442a רוּן overcome H7442b רָנַן give a ringing cry .. in joy, exultation
. in distress
. cry aloud, in summons, exhortation (of wisdom)
. give a ringing cry, in joy, exultation
. no ringing cry shall be given
. cause to ring out for joy
7442 ranan raw-nan'
a primitive root; properly, to creak (or emit a stridulous
sound), i.e. to shout (usually for joy):--aloud for joy, cry
out, be joyful (greatly, make to) rejoice, (cause to) shout
(for joy), (cause to) sing (aloud, for joy, out), triumph.
רוּן (run) — to overcome.
1) to overcome
1a) (Hithpolel) to be overcome
רָנַן (ra.nan) — to sing.
1) to cry out, shout for joy, give a ringing cry
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to give a ringing cry (in joy, exaltation, distress)
1a2) to cry aloud (in summons, exhortation of wisdom)
1b) (Piel) to give a ringing cry (in joy, exultation, praise
1c) (Pual) ringing cry, singing out (passive)
1d) (Hiphil) to cause to ring or sing out (for joy)
1e) (Hithpolel) rejoicing (participle)
Also means: ran.nen (רַנֵּן "to sing" H7444)
Conj | V-Piel-Impv-2mp — Conjunction · verb piel imperative second person masculine pluralHC/Vpv2mp
joi (simchah; chara):
1. Terms:
The idea of joy is expressed in the Old Testament by a wealth of synonymous terms that cannot easily be differentiated. The commonest is simchah (1Sa 18:6, etc.), variously translated in English Versions of the Bible "joy," "gladness," "mirth"; from sameah, properly "to be bright," "to shine" (Pr 13:9, "The light of the righteous rejoiceth," literally, "is bright"), but generally used figuratively "to rejoice," "be glad" (Le 23:40 and very frequent).
Other nouns are masos and sason, both from sus, properly "to spring," "leap," hence, "exult," "rejoice"; rinnah, "shouting." "joy"; gil, from verb gil or gul, "to go in a circle," hence, "be excited" (dancing round for joy), "rejoice." In the New…
זָמַר (zamar) is a Hebrew verb meaning to sing or make music, particularly in praise of God. It is derived from a root that suggests touching the strings of a musical instrument. The word covers actions like singing, playing instruments, and celebrating through music. The Piel form specifically emphasizes making music in worship.
[זמר] vb. only Pi. make music in praise of God
base
H2167 זמר only Pi. make music in praise of God
2167 zamar zaw-mar'
a primitive root (perhaps ident. with 2168 through the idea
of striking with the fingers); properly, to touch the strings
or parts of a musical instrument, i.e. play upon it; to make
music, accompanied by the voice; hence to celebrate in song
and music:--give praise, sing forth praises, psalms.
see HEBREW for 02168
זָמַר (za.mar) — to sing.
1) to sing, sing praise, make music
1a) (Piel)
1a1) to make music, sing
1a2) to play a musical instrument
Aramaic equivalent: ze.mar (זְמָר "music" H2170)
Conj | V-Piel-Impv-2mp — Conjunction · verb piel imperative second person masculine pluralHC/Vpv2mp
mu'-zik:
I. IMPORTANCE
1. The Sole Art Cultivated
2. A Wide Vocabulary of Musical Terms
3. Place in Social and Personal Life
4. Universal Language of Emotions
5. Use in Divine Service
6. Part at Religious Reformations
II. THEORY OF MUSIC
1. Dearth of Technical Information
2. Not Necessarily Unimpressive
III. MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS
1. Strings
2. Winds
3. Percussion Instruments
LITERATURE
I. Importance.
That the Hebrews were in ancient times, as they are at the present day, devoted to the study and practice of music is obvious to every reader of the Old Testament. The references to it are numerous, and are frequently of such a nature as to emphasize its importance. They occur not only in the Psalter, where we might expect them, but in the Historical Books and the Prophets, in narratives and in declamations of the loftiest meaning and most intense seriousness. And the conclusion drawn from a cursory glance is…
Music
Jubal was the inventor of musical instruments (Gen. 4:21). The Hebrews were much given to the cultivation of music. Their whole history and literature afford abundant evidence of this. After the Deluge, the first mention of music is in the account of Laban’s interview with Jacob (Gen. 31:27). After their triumphal passage of the Red Sea, Moses and the children of Israel sang their song of deliverance (Ex. 15).
But the period of Samuel, David, and Solomon was the golden age of Hebrew music, as it was of Hebrew poetry. Music was now for the first time systematically cultivated. It was an essential part of training in the schools of the prophets (1 Sam. 10:5; 19:19-24; 2…
The most ancient music. --The inventor of musical instruments, like the first poet and the first forger of metals, was a Cainite. We learn from (Genesis 4:21) that Jubal the son of Lamech was "the father of all such as handle the harp and organ," that is, of all players upon stringed and wind instruments. The first mentioned of music in the times after the deluge is in the narrative of Laban’s interview with Jacob, (Genesis 32:27) so that, whatever way it was preserved, the practice of music existed in the upland country of Syria, and of the three possible kinds of musical instruments two were known and employed to accompany the song. The three kinds are alluded to in (Job 21:12) On the banks of the Red Sea Moses and the…
The ancient Hebrews had a great taste for music, which they used in their religious services, in their public and private rejoicing, at their weddings and feasts, and even in their mourning. We have in Scripture canticles of joy, of thanksgiving, of praise, of mourning; also mournful elegies or songs, as those of David on the death of Saul and Abner, and the Lamentations of Jeremiah on the destruction of Jerusalem; so, too, songs of victory, triumph, and gratulation, as that which Moses sung after passing the Red Sea, that of Deborah and Barak, and others. The people of God went up to Jerusalem thrice a year, cheered on their way with songs of joy, Ps 84:12 Isa 30:29. The book of Psalms comprises a wonderful variety of inspired pieces for music, and is an inexhaustible treasure…