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Psalms 62:2 — Word Study

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WLCאַךְ־ ה֣וּא צ֭וּרִי וִֽישׁוּעָתִ֑י מִ֝שְׂגַּבִּ֗י לֹא־ אֶמּ֥וֹט רַבָּֽה׃

BSAaloneʼak [my sole refuge] and my salvationyᵉshûwʻâh [deliverance, victory]

Word
Listen & take awayPsalms 62
English ↓ Download MP3 The Berean Standard Bible chapter audio already hosted for the site's Bible section — verse 2 is in this chapter.
Hebrew ↓ Download MP3 The Masoretic text of this chapter, read aloud. Read by Abraham Shmuelof, courtesy of Audio Scriptures International. Chapter divisions by the Academy of Ancient Languages..
Say the word Each Hebrew word carries its transliteration (ra.Bah) — no per-word recordings of the Hebrew exist to link to.
Take it away
Psalms 62:2quick helps
In a sentenceThe psalmist declares that God is his only source of strength and security.
Who is speakingThe psalmist, expressing personal trust in God.
Where we areIn a reflective moment, affirming God's role as protector.
The hard wordצ֭וּרִי
Take awayGod is the unwavering foundation in times of trouble.
8 commentators on this verse Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them › clause verbH4131 The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
How rare are these words?in the Old Testament

Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.

Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.

Deep Study — Psalms 62:2

Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.

Context — Trust in God Alonegenerated

1In God alone my soul finds rest; my salvation comes from Him.
2He alone is my rock and my salvation. He is my fortress; I will never be shaken.
3How long will you threaten a man? Will all of you throw him down like a leaning wall or a tottering fence?
4They fully intend to cast him down from his lofty perch; they delight in lies; with their mouths they bless, but inwardly they curse. Selah

Psalm 62:2 emphasizes the psalmist's reliance on God as his sole source of strength and salvation. This declaration follows a statement of finding rest in God alone, establishing a theme of trust amid adversity. The psalmist contrasts his firm foundation in God with the instability of human threats, as seen in the surrounding verses that address the dangers he faces.


Cross References

ReferenceText (BSB)
1Psalm 62:6He alone is my rock and my salvation; He is my fortress; I will not be shaken.
2Psalm 18:2The LORD is my rock, my fortress, and my deliverer. My God is my rock, in whom I take refuge, my shield, and the horn of my salvation, my stronghold.
3Psalm 21:1O LORD, the king rejoices in Your strength. How greatly he exults in Your salvation!
4Psalm 27:1The LORD is my light and my salvation— whom shall I fear? The LORD is the stronghold of my life— whom shall I dread?
5Psalm 73:25–26Whom have I in heaven but You? And on earth I desire no one besides You.

The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 13 references, hung on the phrase they belong to


The Key Word צ֭וּרִי, Tzu.rigenerated

The word צ֭וּרִי (tzuri) is a noun meaning 'rock' and is used here to describe God as a strong and reliable foundation. It conveys the idea of stability and safety, often used in biblical poetry to illustrate God's protective nature.

The construction of the phrase indicates that God is not just a rock but the psalmist's personal rock, emphasizing a deep, individual relationship with the divine. This word, along with the context, underscores the theme of divine protection and security.


How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated

In this study, we reference the Berean Standard Bible (BSB) as the base for comparison.


Sentence Structuregenerated

The main clause of the verse is governed by the finite verb אֶמּ֥וֹט, I will be shaken, which is supported by noun phrases that describe the subject and predicate. The structure emphasizes the psalmist's confident assertion of God's role in his life.

The order of the Hebrew words places emphasis on the subject ה֣וּא (he) at the beginning, drawing attention to God as the central figure in the psalmist's declaration of faith and security.


Septuagint Backgroundgenerated

The Septuagint translates צ֭וּרִי as ὑποταγήσεται, which suggests a focus on submission or reliance. This choice may reflect an interpretive nuance, emphasizing the psalmist's dependence on God as a source of strength.

This rendering indicates a slightly different emphasis than the Hebrew, which directly presents God as a rock, while the Greek version implies a relational aspect of submission to that strength.


In plain words — the whole versegenerated

Psalm 62:2 expresses the psalmist's deep trust in God as his only source of strength and salvation. He declares that God is his rock and fortress, emphasizing that he will not be shaken or moved, even in difficult times.


Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated

What does the psalmist mean by calling God his rock?

The term 'rock' signifies stability and strength, indicating that the psalmist relies on God for protection and support.

Why does the psalmist emphasize 'alone' in this verse?

The emphasis on 'alone' highlights the psalmist's exclusive trust in God, contrasting it with the instability of human help.

What does it mean to not be shaken?

To not be shaken means to remain steadfast and secure, regardless of external pressures or threats.

How does this verse relate to the surrounding verses?

This verse sets the foundation for the psalmist's confidence in God, which is further explored in the following verses that address the challenges he faces.


Reflection Questionsgenerated

  1. In what areas of my life do I need to trust God as my rock and fortress?
  2. How can I cultivate a deeper reliance on God in times of trouble?
  3. What does it mean for me to find rest in God alone?
  4. How can I encourage others to see God as their source of strength?

The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it

Early Church Fathers, like Augustine of Hippo, referenced this verse to illustrate God's role as a source of strength and salvation.

Augustine of HippoExposition on Psalms 62 354–430
"For Himself is my God and my salvation, my taker up, I shall not be moved more" [Psalms 62:2].
Early Church Fathers on Psalms 62 →

Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse

Each of these wrote on Psalms 62:2 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.

John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

He only [is] my Rock and my salvation,.... The Rock on which the church is built, and every believer; and which was David's safety, shelter, and shade, and which made him easy in his present state;

Read John Gill on Psalms 62 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary

He only is my rock and my salvation; he is my defence; I shall not be greatly moved.

Read Robert Jamieson on Psalms 62 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy Bible

Though I may be shaken, yet I shall not be overthrown. Compare .

Read Matthew Poole on Psalms 62 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

Psalms 62:2 He only [is] my rock and my salvation; [he is] my defence; I shall not be greatly moved.Ver. 2. He only is my rock, &c.] See Psalms 18:2-3. I shall not be greatly moved] Non labascam multo lapsu (Vatabl.), for the Lord putteth under his hand. I shall not be moved greatly, or into the great abyss, Tehom Rabi bah (as Aben Ezra hath it), into hell (as other Rabbis sense it); I shall not be tempted above that I am able, as 1 Corinthians 10:13; persecuted I may be, but not relinquished; cast down, but not cast off, 2 Corinthians 4:9 : shaken, but for my better settlement at last.

Read John Trapp on Psalms 62 →
Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(2) Defence.—Properly, high tower, as so often. The metaphor is important here from the contrast with the tottering wall of next verse. Shall not be greatly moved . . .—i.e. (as in Psalms 37:24), shall not be made to totter or fall.

Read Charles John Ellicott on Psalms 62 →
AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible

Verse 2. I shall not be greatly moved.] Having God for my rock - strong fortified place, for my salvation - continual safety, and my defence - my elevated tower, which places me out of the reach of my enemies; I shall not be greatly moved - I may be shaken, but cannot be cast down.

Read AdamClarke on Psalms 62 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

2. The same titles my rock, my salvation, my high tower, are combined in Psalms 18:2. The title Rock is frequently used to symbolise the strength, faithfulness, and unchangeableness of Jehovah: here (cp. Psalms 61:7) with the special thought of an asylum in danger. I shall not be greatly moved] In other words, “though he may fall he shall not lie prostrate” (Psalms 37:24; cp. Proverbs 24:16).

Read Cambridge on Psalms 62 →
Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the Bible

He only is my rock ... - See the notes at Psalms 18:2. I shall not be greatly moved - The word greatly here, or much - “I shall not be much moved,” implies that he did not anticipate perfect security

Read Albert Barnes on Psalms 62 →

The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company

Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.

Modern formal

BSBBerean Standard Bible2020

He alone is my rock and my salvation. He is my fortress; I will never be shaken.

WEBWorld English Bible2000

He alone is my rock, my salvation, and my fortress. I will never be greatly shaken.

MSBMajority Standard Bible2022

He alone is my rock and my salvation. He is my fortress; I will never be shaken.

NETBNew English Translation2006

He alone is my protector and deliverer. He is my refuge; I will not be upended.

Tyndale line

KJVKing James Version1611

He only is my rock and my salvation; he is my defence; I shall not be greatly moved.

ASVAmerican Standard Version1901

He only is my rock and my salvation: He is my high tower; I shall not be greatly moved.

RVARevised Version, American1894

He only is my rock and my salvation: he is my high tower; I shall not be greatly moved.

NWBWebster's Bible1833

He only is my rock and my salvation; he is my defense; I shall not be greatly moved.

GNVGeneva Bible1599

Yet he is my strength and my saluation, and my defence: therefore I shall not much be mooued.

Strictly literal

DBYDarby Translation1890

He only is my rock and my salvation; my high fortress: I shall not be greatly moved.

YLTYoung's Literal Translation1862

Only — He [is] my rock, and my salvation, My tower, I am not much moved.

LSVLiteral Standard Version2020

He alone [is] my rock, and my salvation, || My tower, I am not much moved.

ILTInterlinear Literal Translation2000

(62:3) Only he is my rock and my salvation; [he is] my defense: I shall not be greatly moved.

ULBUnlocked Literal Bible2017

He alone is my rock and my salvation; he is my high tower; I will not be greatly moved.

From the Latin

DRADouay-Rheims (Challoner)1899

O God, my God, to thee do I watch at break of day. For thee my soul hath thirsted; for thee my flesh, O how many ways!

Simplified

FBVFree Bible Version2020

He is the one who protects me and saves me; he keeps me safe so I will never be in danger.

BBEBible in Basic English1949

He only is my Rock and my salvation; he is my high tower; I will not be greatly moved.

Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.


The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank

This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.

clausenoun phrase · subjectאַךְonlyה֣וּאhenoun phrase · predicatenoun phraseצ֭וּרִrockי[is].myוִֽandnoun phraseישׁוּעָתִ֑salvationיmyclausenoun phrase · predicateמִ֝שְׂגַּבִּ֗refugeיmyclauseadverbialלֹאnotverbאֶמּ֥וֹטI.will.be.shakenadverbialרַבָּֽהmuch

Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.


The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran

The Masoretic Text presents the verse as אַךְ־ ה֣וּא צ֭וּרִי וִֽישׁוּעָתִ֑י מִ֝שְׂגַּבִּ֗י לֹא־ אֶמּ֥וֹט רַבָּֽה׃. The Septuagint aligns with the Hebrew in meaning, though it features different word order and articles, reflecting its own linguistic style.

Masoretic TextLeningrad Codex, c. AD 1008 — the text this page is built on

אַךְ־ ה֣וּא צ֭וּרִי וִֽישׁוּעָתִ֑י מִ֝שְׂגַּבִּ֗י לֹא־ אֶמּ֥וֹט רַבָּֽה׃

Septuagintthe Greek the translators chose, word by word
אַךְ־οὐξὶה֣וּאτῷצ֭וּרִיὑποταγήσεταιוִֽישׁוּעָתִ֑יπαρ’מִ֝שְׂגַּבִּ֗יαὐτοῦלֹא־μου

6 of the 8 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.

Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.


The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with

This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.

Psalms 62:2אַךְonlyonlyאַךְהוּאheheהוּאצוּר[is] rock m[is] rock myצוּריְשׁוּעָהand salvatiand salvation mיְשׁוּעָהמִשְׂגָּבrefuge myrefuge myמִשְׂגָּבלֹאnotnotלֹאמוֹטI will be sI will be shakeמוֹטרַבmuchmuchרַבצוּרto confineto confineצוּרשָׂגַבto exaltto exaltשָׂגַברָבַבto multiplto multiplyרָבַבאָכֵןsurelysurelyאָכֵןיָשַׁעto saveto saveיָשַׁעמַחְסוֹרneedneedמַחְסוֹרהֶ֫בֶלvanityvanityהֶ֫בֶלטָמֵאuncleanuncleanטָמֵאעֵתtimetimeעֵתעֹרֵבOrebOrebעֹרֵבבִּלְעֲדֵיbesidebesideבִּלְעֲדֵיגִּילto rejoiceto rejoiceגִּיליָהּLORDLORDיָהּדַּךְcrushedcrushedדַּךְמָנוֹסrefugerefugeמָנוֹסיָכֹלbe ablebe ableיָכֹלעוֹדstillstillעוֹדבַּלnotnotבַּל
meets it a little oftener than chancemeets it far oftener than chancebuilt from the same roottwo words of the verse share ita word of this versea related word

Lexicons — every word in Psalms 62:2

One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.

Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.

only he [is] rock my and salvation my refuge my not I will be shaken much
אַךְ־'akh- only H389 Adverb
161× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word is used to emphasize something, like saying 'surely' or 'certainly'. It can also be used to limit or restrict something, like saying 'only' or 'but'.
Amplified meaning
my sole refuge
Tyndale gloss
surely
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אַךְ (ak) is an adverb meaning 'surely' or 'indeed,' often used to emphasize what follows. It can also carry a restrictive sense, translating to 'only' or 'but.' The entries indicate its use in various contexts, but do not provide specific verse references.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אַךְ 159 adv. 1. surely. 2. with a restrictive force, emphasizing what follows

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H389 אַךְ 1. surely. 2. with a restrictive force, emphasizing what follows

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

389 'ak ak

akin to 403; a particle of affirmation, surely; hence (by

limitation) only:--also, in any wise, at least, but,

certainly, even, howbeit, nevertheless, notwithstanding, only,

save, surely, of a surety, truly, verily, + wherefore, yet

(but).

see HEBREW for 0403

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אַךְ (akh) — surely.

1) indeed, surely (emphatic)

2) howbeit, only, but, yet (restrictive)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
DirObjM — Adverb
HD
only he [is] rock my and salvation my refuge my not I will be shaken much
ה֣וּאhu' he H1931 Pronoun
1,879× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word is a pronoun meaning 'he', 'she', or 'it', used to refer to a person or thing. It is used in the Bible to emphasize a subject or make it clear who is being talked about.
Tyndale gloss
he/she/it
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

הוּא (hu) is a third-person singular pronoun meaning he, she, or it, used for emphasis or when no verb is present. It can also refer to oneself or serve as a demonstrative pronoun. The word has various nuances, including resuming the subject with emphasis or expressing it unobtrusively. It can indicate 'that' or 'those' when used with the definite article.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

הוּא m. הִיא f., pron. of the 3rd ps. sing. he, she, used also (in both genders) for the neuter it

an emph. he (she, it, they), sometimes equivalent to himself (herself, itself, themselves), or (esp. with the art.) that (those)

It resumes the subj. with emph.

Where, however, the pron. follows the pred., its position gives it the minimum of emphasis, and it expresses (or resumes) the subject as unobtrusively as possible

It anticipates (as it seems) the subject

As an emph. predicate, of God

In a neuter sense, that, it (of an action, occurrence, matte, etc.)

With the art.: so regularly when joined to a subst. defined itself by the art.

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1931 הוּא, הִיא he, she, used also (in both genders) for the neuter it . an emph. he (she, it, they), sometimes equivalent to himself (herself, itself, themselves), or (esp. with the art.) that (those)

. It resumes the subj. with emph.

. Where, however, the pron. follows the pred., its position gives it the minimum of emphasis, and it expresses (or resumes) the subject as unobtrusively as possible

. It anticipates (as it seems) the subject

. As an emph. predicate, of God

. In a neuter sense, that, it (of an action, occurrence, matte, etc.)

. With the art.: so regularly when joined to a subst. defined itself by the art.

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1931 huw' hoo

of which the feminine (beyond the Pentateuch) is hiyw {he}; a

primitive word, the third person pronoun singular, he (she or

it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also

(intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same;

sometimes (as demonstrative) this or that; occasionally

(instead of copula) as or are:--he, as for her, him(-self),

it, the same, she (herself), such, that (...it), these, they,

this, those, which (is), who.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

הוּא (hu) — he/she/it.

pron 3p s

1) he, she, it

1a) himself (with emphasis)

1b) resuming subj with emphasis

1c) (with minimum emphasis following predicate)

1d) (anticipating subj)

1e) (emphasising predicate)

1f) that, it (neuter) demons pron

2) that (with article)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HPp3ms — Pronoun
HPp3ms
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ha: The fifth letter of the Hebrew alphabet; transliterated in this Encyclopedia as "h." It came also to be used for the number 5. For name, etc., see ALPHABET.

The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
only he [is] rock my and salvation my refuge my not I will be shaken much
צ֭וּרִיTzu.ri [is] rock my H6697 Noun common masculine singular construct · suffix
78× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
A rock or boulder, often used to describe God as a refuge, like in Psalm 18:2.
Tyndale gloss
rock
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

צוּר (tsur) means rock or cliff, often referring to a sharp rock or boulder. It can also signify a refuge or an edge, and is used in various contexts, including references to God as a rock. The word is built from the root associated with strong, compressed formations, and it appears in different forms, such as in the phrase 'rock of God.'

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

צוּר n.m. rock, cliff

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H6697 צוּר rock, cliff

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

6697 tsuwr tsoor

or tsur {tsoor}; from 6696; properly, a cliff (or sharp rock,

as compressed); generally, a rock or boulder; figuratively, a

refuge; also an edge (as precipitous):--edge, X (mighty) God

(one), rock, X sharp, stone, X strength, X strong. See also

1049.

see HEBREW for 06696

see HEBREW for 01049

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

צוּר (tsur) — Rocks (of Goats).

Combined with ya.el (יָעֵל "Wildgoats'" H3277)

This name means rock, cliff

צוּר (tsur) — rock.

1) rock, cliff

1a) rocky wall, cliff

1b) rock (with flat surface)

1c) block of stone, boulder

1d) rock (specific)

1e) rock (of God)

1f) rock (of heathen gods) n pr dei

1g) Rock

Aramaic equivalent: tur (טוּר "mountain" H2906)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HNcmsc/Sp1bs — Noun common masculine singular construct · suffix
HNcmsc/Sp1bs
only he [is] rock my and salvation my refuge my not I will be shaken much
וִֽישׁוּעָתִ֑יvi.shu.'a.Ti and salvation my H3444 Conjunction · noun common feminine singular construct · suffix
78× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Salvation means being saved or delivered from something, like trouble or danger, and can also mean victory or prosperity, as seen in the Bible's promises of God's deliverance.
Amplified meaning
deliverance, victory
Tyndale gloss
salvation
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

יְשׁוּעָה (yeshu'ah) refers to concepts of salvation, deliverance, and welfare, often with a spiritual dimension. It is derived from a root meaning to save and encompasses ideas of victory and prosperity. The term is used in contexts related to divine aid and protection, emphasizing both physical and spiritual deliverance.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

יְשׁוּעָה n.f. salvation

welfare, prosperity

deliverance

salvation by God, primarily from external evils, but often with added spiritual idea

victory

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3444 יְשׁוּעָה salvation . welfare, prosperity

. deliverance

. salvation by God, primarily from external evils, but often with added spiritual idea

. victory

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3444 yshuw`ah yesh-oo'-aw

feminine passive participle of 3467; something saved, i.e.

(abstractly) deliverance; hence, aid, victory,

prosperity:--deliverance, health, help(-ing), salvation, save,

saving (health), welfare.

see HEBREW for 03467

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

יְשׁוּעָה (ye.shu.ah) — salvation.

1) salvation, deliverance

1a) welfare, prosperity

1b) deliverance

1c) salvation (by God)

1d) victory

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-fs | Suff — Conjunction · noun common feminine singular construct · suffix
HC/Ncfsc/Sp1bs
only he [is] rock my and salvation my refuge my not I will be shaken much
מִ֝שְׂגַּבִּ֗יmis.ga.Bi refuge my H4869 Noun common masculine singular construct · suffix
17× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Misgab refers to a high place or tower that provides defense and refuge, like a fortress. It is also the name of a place in Moab, mentioned in Jeremiah 48:1. The KJV translates it as Misgab.
Tyndale gloss
high refuge
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

מִשְׂגָּב (misgab) refers to a secure height or retreat, often understood as a refuge or stronghold. It can denote a lofty or inaccessible place, and is specifically mentioned as a location in Moab in Jeremiah 48:1. The term emphasizes both physical elevation and the concept of safety.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

מִשְׂגָּב n.[m.] secure height, retreat

base

מִשְׂגָּב perh. n.pr.loc. in Moab;—Je 48:1

ref

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H4869a מִשְׂגָּב secure height, retreat H4869b מִשְׂגָּב in Moab

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

4869 misgab mis-gawb'

from 7682; properly, a cliff (or other lofty or inaccessible

place); abstractly, altitude; figuratively, a refuge:--

defence, high fort (tower), refuge, Misgab, a place in

Moab:--Misgab.

see HEBREW for 07682

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

מִשְׂגָּב (mis.gav) — high refuge.

1) high place, refuge, secure height, retreat

1a) stronghold

1b) refuge (of God)

מִשְׂגָּב (mis.gav) — Misgab.

Word sometimes translated as a name, only mentioned at Jer.48.1

§ Misgab = "height"

a place in Moab

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HNcmsc/Sp1bs — Noun common masculine singular construct · suffix
HNcmsc/Sp1bs
only he [is] rock my and salvation my refuge my not I will be shaken much
לֹא־lo'- not H3808 Particle
5,170× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for not or no is used to indicate absence or negation, as when God says no to the Israelites' requests, or when they disobey His commands.
Tyndale gloss
not
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

לֹא (lo') is a Hebrew word meaning 'not' or 'no.' It serves as a simple negation and can imply absence or prohibition. The word can also be used in various contexts, often combined with other particles for emphasis or clarification. Its Aramaic equivalent is לָא (la), which also means 'not.'

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

לֹא or לוֹא adv. not

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3808 לֹא or לוֹא not

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3808 lo' lo

or lowi {lo}; or loh (Deut. 3:11) {lo}; a primitive particle;

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often

used with other particles (as follows):--X before, + or else,

ere, + except, ig(-norant), much, less, nay, neither, never,

no((-ne), -r, (-thing)), (X as though...,(can-), for) not (out

of), of nought, otherwise, out of, + surely, + as truly as, +

of a truth, + verily, for want, + whether, without.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

לֹא (lo) — not.

1) not, no

1a) not (with verb-absolute prohibition)

1b) not (with modifier-negation)

1c) nothing (subst)

1d) without (with particle)

1e) before (of time)

Aramaic equivalent: la (לָא "not" H3809)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HTn — Particle
HTn
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
only he [is] rock my and salvation my refuge my not I will be shaken much
אֶמּ֥וֹט'e.Mot I will be shaken H4131 Verb · Niphal · imperfect first person common singular
38× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means to shake or waver, like something that's unstable. It appears in books like Psalms and Proverbs, to describe things that are falling apart or unstable. The KJV translates it as 'be carried' or 'fall'.
Tyndale gloss
to shake
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

מוֹט (mot) is a Hebrew verb meaning to totter, shake, or slip. It has various forms, including Qal (to totter), Niphal (to be shaken), Hiphil (to dislodge), and Hithpael (to be greatly shaken). The entries indicate a range of meanings related to instability and movement, but do not specify any particular Old Testament verses.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[מוֹט] vb. totter, shake, slip

Qal totter, slip

Niph. be shaken, moved, overthrown

Hiph. dislodge, let fall, drop

Hithpo‛l. be greatly shaken

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H4131 [מוֹט] totter, shake, slip

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

4131 mowt mote

a primitive root; to waver; by implication , to slip, shake,

fall:--be carried, cast, be out of course, be fallen in

decay, X exceedingly, fall(-ing down), be (re-)moved, be

ready, shake, slide, slip.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

מוֹט (mot) — to shake.

1) to totter, shake, slip

1a) (Qal) to totter, shake, slip

1b) (Niphal) to be shaken, be moved, be overthrown

1c) (Hiphil) to dislodge, let fall, drop

1d) (Hithpael) to be greatly shaken

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HVNi1cs — Verb · Niphal · imperfect first person common singular
HVNi1cs
only he [is] rock my and salvation my refuge my not I will be shaken much
רַבָּֽה׃ra.Bah much H7227
454× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means a chief or captain, someone in charge. It is used in 2 Samuel 23:19 to describe a great and powerful man. The idea is one of leadership and authority.
Tyndale gloss
many
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

רַב (rav) means much, many, or great, often used in contrast to מְעַט (me'at). It can describe abundance in quantity or rank and is also used as a noun for chief or captain. The word conveys a range of meanings from numerous to exceedingly, and it can function as both an adjective and a noun.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

רַב 429 adj. much, many, great

(oft. opp. מְעַט)

much: of substances

esp. of collectives, numerous

pl. many

רַב as subst. coll. pers.

cstr. = abounding in

מִן comp. = more numerous than

רַב = abundant, enough

as adv. much, exceedingly

less oft. great

base

רַב 49 n.m. chief

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H7227a רַב much, many, great . (oft. opp. מְעַט) . . much: of substances

. esp. of collectives, numerous

. pl. many

. רַב as subst. coll. pers.

. cstr. = abounding in

. + מִן comp. = more numerous than

. רַב = abundant, enough

. as adv. much, exceedingly

. less oft. great

H7227b רַב chief

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

7227 rab rab

by contracted from 7231; abundant (in quantity, size, age,

number, rank, quality):--(in) abound(-undance, -ant, -antly),

captain, elder, enough, exceedingly, full, great(-ly, man,

one), increase, long (enough, (time)), (do, have) many(-ifold,

things, a time), ((ship-))master, mighty, more, (too, very)

much, multiply(-tude), officer, often(-times), plenteous,

populous, prince, process (of time), suffice(-lent).

see HEBREW for 07231

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

רַב (rav) — many.

adj

1) much, many, great

1a) much

1b) many

1c) abounding in

1d) more numerous than

1e) abundant, enough

1f) great

1g) strong

1h) greater than

adv

1i) much, exceedingly

רַב (rav) — chief.

captain, chief

Aramaic equivalent: rav.re.van (רַבְרְבָן "noble" H7261)

רַב (rav) — (Sidon) the Great.

Combined with tsi.don (צִידוֹן "Sidon" H6721H)

§ captain, chief

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HAafsa
HAafsa
Sources on this page. Lexicons and dictionaries imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate Liddell-Scott-Jones, Robinson and Packard, Webster and Cawdrey. Thayer’s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (Harper, 1889 — Grimm’s Wilke’s Clavis Novi Testamenti, translated, revised and enlarged by Joseph Henry Thayer) is public domain and is set here from the Internet Archive page scan greekenglishlex00grim; it is uncorrected OCR, marked as such on the entry itself, and the Strong’s numbers — which Thayer’s own edition does not carry — were matched by lemma against the other modules on this page. Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament (Macmillan, 1880) and Moulton and Milligan’s Vocabulary of the Greek Testament (Hodder & Stoughton, 1930, which entered the United States public domain on 1 January 2026) are set from Internet Archive page scans synonymsofnewtes00treniala and vocabularyofgree00mouluoft, and are likewise uncorrected OCR matched to Strong’s numbers by lemma. Trench treats a group of words at once, so the same essay stands on the page of each word it compares. The Mounce Concise Greek-English Dictionary is © 1993 and is used here by permission for non-commercial use, www.teknia.com/greek-dictionary. The full Liddell-Scott-Jones and the Hebrew word data (TAHOT) come from STEPBible.org, CC BY 4.0. Brown-Driver-Briggs is the OpenScriptures digitisation, public domain. Syntax analysis is the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (biblicalhumanities.org); the concordance and morphology are built from the tagged Nestle 1904 text. Septuagint occurrences use the Open Scriptures Septuagint lemma index, derived from CCAT (University of Pennsylvania) and the Rahlfs 1935 dataset by Eliran Wong, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — used here on a non-commercial ministry site. Greek of Josephus and Barnabas from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA 4.0. Commentaries and the Ante-Nicene Fathers are public-domain texts hosted on this site. Everyday Greek from the Duke Databank of Documentary Papyri, CC BY 3.0, with dates and provenance from the Heidelberger Gesamtverzeichnis. Philo and the Apostolic Fathers from Open Greek and Latin (First1KGreek), CC BY-SA 4.0. The apparatus and the fifth Greek column are the SBL Greek New Testament, © 2010 SBL and Logos Bible Software, CC BY 4.0. The Latin is the Clementine Vulgate (public domain); the Syriac New Testament is the ETCBC edition (MIT licence). The Hebrew behind the Greek is computed here from the Septuagint index and TAHOT, not taken from any aligned edition. The translation spread and the per-word edition marks come from the Translators Amalgamated Greek NT (STEPBible, CC BY 4.0); clause roles from the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (CC BY-SA 4.0); place identifications and their confidence from OpenBible.info Bible Geocoding (CC BY 4.0), with map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Gospel parallels are computed here from shared uncommon vocabulary, not taken from any printed harmony. Cross references are the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge and the subject headings are Nave’s Topical Bible, both public domain. Works under Creative Commons licences are used unchanged apart from markup removal.

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