Psalms 104:8 — Word Study
WLCיַעֲל֣וּ הָ֭רִים יֵרְד֣וּ בְקָע֑וֹת אֶל־ מְ֝ק֗וֹם זֶ֤ה׀ יָסַ֬דְתָּ לָהֶֽם׃
BSAthe mountainshar [hills] roseʻâlâh▸ and the valleysbiqʻâh [low areas, plains] sankyârad▸ toʼêl the placemâqôwm [location, region] You assignedyâçad■ [founded, established]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| יַעֲל֣וּ | they went up | Verb, Qal, imperfect third person masculine plural |
| הָ֭רִים | mountains | Noun common, masculine plural absolute |
| יֵרְד֣וּ | they went down | Verb, Qal, imperfect third person masculine plural |
| בְקָע֑וֹת | valleys | Noun common, feminine plural absolute |
| אֶל־ | to | Preposition |
| מְ֝ק֗וֹם | [the] place | Noun common, masculine singular construct |
| זֶ֤ה׀ | which | Particle |
| יָסַ֬דְתָּ | you had established | Verb, Qal, perfect second person masculine singular |
| לָהֶֽם׃ | for them | Preposition, suffix |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | the mountains rose and the valleys sank to the place You assigned for them— |
| KJV | They go up by the mountains; they go down by the valleys unto the place which thou hast founded for them. |
| ASV | (The mountains rose, the valleys sank down) Unto the place which thou hadst founded for them. |
| YLT | They go up hills — they go down valleys, Unto a place Thou hast founded for them. |
| WEB | The mountains rose, the valleys sank down, to the place which you had assigned to them. |
| BBE | The mountains came up and the valleys went down into the place which you had made ready for them. |
Where they part company is יָסַדְתָּ — see How Translations Differ.
Two main actions, each with a corresponding verb phrase, leading to a description of the place established by God.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
verbעָלָה
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Psalms 104:8
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Order of Creationgenerated
Psalms 104:8 describes the majestic order of creation, where the mountains rise and the valleys sink according to God's design. This reflects the power and authority of God in establishing the natural world, emphasizing the harmony of creation as seen in the surrounding verses that speak of water and boundaries.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Genesis 8:5 | And the waters continued to recede until the tenth month, and on the first day of the tenth month the tops of the mountains became visible. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 1 reference, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — יָסַדְתָּ, ya.Sad.tagenerated
The verb יָסַד (yasad) means 'to establish' or 'to found,' indicating a sense of setting a foundation or creating something with purpose. It is derived from a root meaning to lay down, suggesting a deliberate act of creation.
In this verse, the parsing indicates it is a perfect form, showing that God has already completed the act of establishing the place for the mountains and valleys. This establishes a sense of permanence and authority in God's creative work.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The finite verbs יַעֲל֣וּ and יֵרְד֣וּ govern the verse, indicating actions of rising and sinking. The structure places emphasis on the contrast between the mountains rising and the valleys sinking.
The sentence is constructed with two main clauses, each describing the action of the mountains and valleys, followed by a prepositional phrase that indicates direction towards the place established by God.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates יַעֲל֣וּ as ἀναβαίνουσιν (they ascend) and יֵרְד֣וּ as καταβαίνουσιν (they descend), reflecting the same actions but with a different Greek emphasis on the directional movement.
The choice of ἐθεμελίωσας for יָסַדְתָּ suggests a strong focus on the foundational aspect of God's establishment, indicating a deliberate act of creation.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Psalms 104:8 describes how the mountains rise and the valleys sink to the place God has established for them. This shows God's power in creating the natural order and setting boundaries in the world.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
It signifies the elevation and prominence of the mountains as part of God's creation, indicating stability and strength.
The sinking of the valleys represents the lower areas of land, highlighting the contrast between high and low in God's design.
The place God assigned indicates His authority and intentionality in creation, establishing boundaries and order in the natural world.
This verse illustrates God's power by showing His ability to create and control the natural elements, establishing a harmonious order in creation.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- In what ways do I see God's hand in the natural order around me?
- How can I better appreciate the beauty of creation as a reflection of God's design?
- What does it mean for me to recognize the boundaries God has set in my life?
- How can I respond to God's authority in my life, just as creation responds to His commands?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Early church fathers, like Augustine of Hippo, referenced this verse to discuss the creative order established by God.
"The mountains ascend, and the plains go down, into the place which You have founded for them" [Psalms 104:8]. He is still speaking of waters.Early Church Fathers on Psalms 104 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Psalms 104:8 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleThey go up by the mountains, they go down by the valleys,.... The Targum is, "they ascend out of the deep to the mountains;'' that is, the waters, when they went off the earth at the divine orders,
Read John Gill on Psalms 104 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryThey go up by the mountains; they go down by the valleys unto the place which thou hast founded for them. They go up by the mountains; they go down by the valleys.
Read Robert Jamieson on Psalms 104 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleIn that first division of the waters from the earth, some part of them by God’ s command, contrary to their own nature, went upwards, and became springs in the mountains, and the greatest part went downwards to the channels made for them. Others, both ancient and later interpreters, read the words thus, The mountains ascend, the valleys descend; when the waters were separated, part of the earth went upward, and made the mountains; and part went downward, and made the valleys or low grounds. But our translation seems the best, as being most agreeable to the context, because he speaks of the waters both in the foregoing and following verses. Unto the place which thou hast founded for them…
Read Matthew Poole on Psalms 104 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsPsalms 104:8 They go up by the mountains; they go down by the valleys unto the place which thou hast founded for them.Ver. 8. They go up by the mountains] They run any way, in post haste, breaking through thick and thin, and nowhere resting, till embodied in the abyss, their elemental place and station. This is check to our dulness and disobedience. If a man had been present, saith one, when God thus commanded the seas to retreat from the earth, he might have seen both a terrible and a joyful spectacle.
Read John Trapp on Psalms 104 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(8) They go up.—This translation is grammatically possible, but is inconsistent with the preceding description. It is better therefore to take the clause parenthetically, and to make hills and valleys the subjects. Hills rise, valleys sink, an interesting anticipation of the disclosures of geology, which, though in a different sense, tells of the upheaval of mountains and depression of valleys. Two passages in Ovid have been adduced in illustration (Met. i. 43, 344). And Milton, no doubt with the psalm as well as Ovid in his mind, wrote “Immediately the mountains huge appear Emergent,” &c—Paradise Lost, book vii.
Read Charles John Ellicott on Psalms 104 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 8. They go up by the mountains; they go down by the valleys] Taking the words as they stand here, springs seem to be what are intended. But it is difficult to conceive how the water could ascend, through the fissures of mountains, to their tops, and then come down their sides so as to form rivulets to water the valleys. Most probably all the springs in mountains and hills are formed from waters which fall on their tops in the form of rain, or from clouds that, passing over them, are arrested, and precipitate their contents, which, sinking down, are stopped by some solid strata, till, forcing their way at some aperture at their sides, they form springs and fountains. Possibly, however…
Read AdamClarke on Psalms 104 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges8. (The mountains rise, the vales sink down,) Unto the place which thou hadst founded for them. The ‘rebuke’ of God is His command, uttered as it were with a voice of thunder (Psalms 18:15; Isaiah 50:2). It is best to follow the marg. of A.V. and R.V. in taking Psalms 104:8 a as a parenthesis, describing the result of this Divine command. Mountains and valleys appear (Genesis 1:9) as the waters retire to the place appointed for them. Cp. Ov. Metam. i. 344 f. “Flumina subsidunt, colles exire videntur, Surgit humus, crescunt loca, decrescentibus undis.” See also Milton, Par. Lost, vii. 285 ff. The rendering of the A.V. and R.V., which is also grammatically possible, appears to describe the…
Read Cambridge on Psalms 104 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleThey go up by the mountains ... - That is, when they were gathered together into seas.
Read Albert Barnes on Psalms 104 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
the mountains rose and the valleys sank to the place You assigned for them—
The mountains rose, the valleys sank down, to the place which you had assigned to them.
the mountains rose and the valleys sank to the place You assigned for them—
as the mountains rose up, and the valleys went down – to the place you appointed for them.
Tyndale line
They go up by the mountains; they go down by the valleys unto the place which thou hast founded for them.
(The mountains rose, the valleys sank down) Unto the place which thou hadst founded for them.
They went up by the mountains, they went down by the valleys, unto the place which thou hadst founded for them.
They go up by the mountains; they go down by the valleys to the place which thou hast founded for them.
And the mountaines ascend, and the valleis descend to the place which thou hast established for them.
Strictly literal
The mountains rose, the valleys sank, unto the place which thou hadst founded for them; —
They go up hills — they go down valleys, Unto a place Thou hast founded for them.
They go up hills—they go down valleys, || To a place You have founded for them.
They ascended mountains; they went down valleys, unto the place which thou hadst founded for them.
The mountains rose, and the valleys spread out into the places that you had appointed for them.
From the Latin
He hath remembered his covenant for ever: the word which he commanded to a thousand generations.
Simplified
The mountains rose up and the valleys sank down to where you had determined.
The mountains came up and the valleys went down into the place which you had made ready for them.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text reads: "יַעֲל֣וּ הָ֭רִים יֵרְד֣וּ בְקָע֑וֹת אֶל־ מְ֝ק֗וֹם זֶ֤ה׀ יָסַ֬דְתָּ לָהֶֽם׃" The Septuagint aligns closely with the Masoretic Text, matching 8 of the 9 words, though the exact wording and order differ due to its Greek structure. The Dead Sea Scrolls, specifically 2Q14 and 4Q86, contain fragments that also reflect the Masoretic Text, with some words restored or supplied by editors, indicating agreement with the overall meaning but showing variations in specific word forms and order. Overall, the primary witnesses show a strong consistency in the core message of the verse, though minor differences exist in wording and structure.
יַעֲל֣וּ הָ֭רִים יֵרְד֣וּ בְקָע֑וֹת אֶל־ מְ֝ק֗וֹם זֶ֤ה׀ יָסַ֬דְתָּ לָהֶֽם׃
8 of the 9 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
[יעלו] [הרים] [ירדו] בקעות ולכול [מקום] [זה] [יסדת] [ל׳הם]
1 word on the leather — 1 partly restored, 7 supplied entire by an editor.
יעלו הרים ירדו בקעות [אל] מקום יסדתה ל׳הם
8 words of the verse are on this fragment — 3 partly restored, 1 supplied entire by an editor.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Psalms 104:8
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
The Hebrew word עָלָה (alah) means 'to ascend' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including going up, climbing, and rising in various contexts such as personal, natural, and spiritual. It can refer to actions involving people, animals, vegetation, and even thoughts, and includes nuances of being exalted or offering sacrifices. The word is built from a primitive root and appears in various grammatical forms, indicating different aspects of ascent or elevation.
עָלָה 890 vb. go up, ascend, climb
Qal
of persons, go up, ascend, in local relations
go up, in personal relations
of animals, go or come up
of vegetation, spring up, grow, shoot forth
of natural phenom., go up, rise
of inanimate things, instead of passive construction
of thoughts
come up before God, arrogance
go up, extend, of boundary
excel
Niph.
be brought up
be taken up
pass., be taken up, away
reflex., take oneself away from, get up from
reflex.: take oneself away
be exalted, of God
Hiph.
bring up persons
in personal relations
bring up animals
cause to ascend
mentally
offer a present; bring up tithe to
exalt
cause to ascend (in flame), offer sacrifice
Hoph.
be carried away
be taken up into, inserted in
be offered
Hithp. lift oneself
base
H5927 עָלָה go up, ascend, climb .. of persons, go up, ascend, in local relations
. go up, in personal relations
. of animals, go or come up
. of vegetation, spring up, grow, shoot forth
. of natural phenom., go up, rise
. of inanimate things, instead of passive construction
. of thoughts
. come up before God, arrogance
. go up, extend, of boundary
. excel
. . . be brought up
. be taken up
. . pass., be taken up, away
. reflex., take oneself away from, get up from
. reflex.: take oneself away
. be exalted, of God
. . bring up persons
. in personal relations
. bring up animals
. cause to ascend
. mentally
. offer a present; bring up tithe to
. exalt
. cause to ascend (in flame), offer sacrifice
. . be carried away
. be taken up into, inserted in
. be offered
. lift oneself
5927 `alah aw-law'
a primitive root; to ascend, intransitively (be high) or
actively (mount); used in a great variety of senses, primary
and secondary, literal and figurative (as follow):--arise
(up), (cause to) ascend up, at once, break (the day) (up),
bring (up), (cause to) burn, carry up, cast up, + shew, climb
(up), (cause to, make to) come (up), cut off, dawn, depart,
exalt, excel, fall, fetch up, get up, (make to) go (away, up);
grow (over) increase, lay, leap, levy, lift (self) up, light,
(make) up, X mention, mount up, offer, make to pay, + perfect,
prefer, put (on), raise, recover, restore, (make to) rise
(up), scale, set (up), shoot forth (up), (begin to) spring
(up), stir up, take away (up), work.
עָלָה (a.lah) — to ascend: rise.
: rise/go
1) to go up, ascend, climb
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to go up, ascend
1a2) to meet, visit, follow, depart, withdraw, retreat
1a3) to go up, come up (of animals)
1a4) to spring up, grow, shoot forth (of vegetation)
1a5) to go up, go up over, rise (of natural phenomenon)
1a6) to come up (before God)
1a7) to go up, go up over, extend (of boundary)
1a8) to excel, be superior to
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to be taken up, be brought up, be taken away
1b2) to take oneself away
1b3) to be exalted
1c) (Hiphil)
1c1) to bring up, cause to ascend or climb, cause to go up
1c2) to bring up, bring against, take away
1c3) to bring up, draw up, train
1c4) to cause to ascend
1c5) to rouse, stir up (mentally)
1c6) to offer, bring up (of gifts)
1c7) to exalt
1c8) to cause to ascend, offer
1d) (Hophal)
1d1) to be carried away, be led up
1d2) to be taken up into, be inserted in
1d3) to be offered
V-Qal-Imperf-3mp — Verb · Qal · imperfect third person masculine pluralHVqi3mp
הַר (har) means 'mountain' or 'hill,' and can refer to a range of hills or hill-country. It is derived from a root that suggests elevation and can be used figuratively. The entries consistently highlight its geographical connotations without significant disagreement.
הַר 568 n.m. mountain, hill, hill-country
mountain, hill
hill-country, mountain-region
base
H2022 הַר mountain, hill, hill-country
2022 har har
a shortened form of 2042; a mountain or range of hills
(sometimes used figuratively):--hill (country), mount(-ain), X
promotion.
see HEBREW for 02042
הַר (har) — mountain: mount.
: mount/hill
hill, mountain, hill country, mount
הַר (har) — mountain: hill country.
: hill_country
hill, mountain, hill country, mount
A sub-meaning of har (הַר ": mount" H2022)
N-mp — Noun common · masculine plural absoluteHNcmpa
Are among the most sublime and impressive of the Creator’s works on earth, and from the noblest and most enduring monuments of great events. Most of the mountains of Scripture thus stand as witnesses for God—every view of their lofty summits, and every recurrence to them in thought reminding us of the sacred facts and truths connected with them. Thus Mount Ararat is a standing memorial of the deluge of man’s sin, God’s justice, and God’s mercy. Mount Sinai asserts the terrors of the divine law. Mount Carmel summons us, like the prophet Elijah of old, not to "halt between two opinions;" but if Jehovah is God, to love and serve him. The mount of the Transfiguration still shines with the glory of the truths there taught, and Mounts Ebal and Gerizim still echo the curses and the blessings once so solemnly pronounced from them. So Mount Hor, Nebo, Lebanon, and Gilboa have been signalized by…
- The elevated parts of the earth
Ge 7:19,20
- GOD
. Formed
. Set fast
. Gives strength to
. Weighs, in a balance
. Waters, from his chambers
The Hebrew word יָרַד (yarad) means to come or go down, covering various contexts such as descending from mountains, going to battle, or sinking in water. It can also refer to divine manifestations descending or being prostrated. The word has different forms including Qal, Hiphil, and Hophal, which indicate various nuances of bringing down or being brought down.
יָרַד 380 vb. come or go down, descend
Qal 306
come or go down
go down (usu. from mountain or hill-country into plain), to battle
go down to (acc.) threshing-floor
go down (abs.) from Palestine to Egypt
from Jerusalem
from altar
go down
= sink, in water
go down to She’ôl
fig. going down (dissolving) in tears
= be prostrated
of divine manifestations: descend
of inanimate things
Hiph.
cause to come or go down
bring down
send down rain = cause to flow down
= lay prostrate to (acc.) threshing-floor
bring down to She’ôl
take down (from cart)
let down
Hoph.
be brought down
be taken down
base
H3381 יָרַד come or go down, descend .. . come or go down
. go down (usu. from mountain or hill-country into plain), to battle
. go down to (acc.) threshing-floor
. go down (abs.) from Palestine to Egypt
. from Jerusalem
. from altar
. go down
. = sink, in water
. go down to She’ôl
. fig. going down (dissolving) in tears
. = be prostrated
. of divine manifestations: descend
. of inanimate things
. . cause to come or go down . bring down
. send down rain = cause to flow down
. = lay prostrate to (acc.) threshing-floor
. bring down to She’ôl
. take down (from cart)
. let down
. . be brought down
. be taken down
3381 yarad yaw-rad'
a primitive root; to descend (literally, to go downwards; or
conventionally to a lower region, as the shore, a boundary,
the enemy, etc.; or figuratively, to fall); causatively, to
bring down (in all the above applications); -X abundantly,
bring down, carry down, cast down, (cause to) come(-ing) down,
fall (down), get down, go(-ing) down(-ward), hang down, X
indeed, let down, light (down), put down (off), (cause to,
let) run down, sink, subdue, take down.
יָרַד (ya.rad) — to go down.
1) to go down, descend, decline, march down, sink down
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to go or come down
1a2) to sink
1a3) to be prostrated
1a4) to come down (of revelation)
1b) (Hiphil)
1b1) to bring down
1b2) to send down
1b3) to take down
1b4) to lay prostrate
1b5) to let down
1c) (Hophal)
1c1) to be brought down
1c2) to be taken down
V-Qal-Imperf-3mp — Verb · Qal · imperfect third person masculine pluralHVqi3mp
בִּקְעָה (biq'ah) refers to a valley or plain, specifically a wide, level area between mountains. It is derived from a root meaning 'to split.' The term is associated with various valleys, including those in Jericho and Lebanon. The Aramaic equivalent is בִּקְעָא (biq.a), meaning 'plain.'
בִּקְעָה n.f. valley (cleft), plain
valley
plain
base
H1237 בִּקְעָה valley (cleft), plain
1237 biq`ah bik-aw'
from 1234; properly, a split, i.e. a wide level valley
between mountains:--plain, valley.
see HEBREW for 01234
בִּקְעָה (biq.ah) — Valley (of Jericho).
This name means plain, level valley
Another name of kik.kar (כִּכָּר "Plain" H3603G)
בִּקְעָה (biq.ah) — (Mizpah) Valley.
This name means plain, level valley
Combined with mits.pah (מִצְפָּה "Mizpah" H4709I)
בִּקְעָה (biq.ah) — (Lebanon) Valley.
This name means plain, level valley
Combined with le.va.non (לְבָנוֹן " of Lebanon" H3844I)
בִּקְעָה (biq.ah) — (Aven) Valley.
This name means plain, level valley
Combined with a.ven (אָ֫וֶן " of Aven" H0206)
בִּקְעָה (biq.ah) — valley.
1) valley
2) plain, level valley
Aramaic equivalent: biq.a (בִּקְעָא "plain" H1236)
N-fp — Noun common · feminine plural absoluteHNcfpa
The Hebrew word אֶל (el) is primarily a preposition indicating motion towards or direction to a person or place. It can also imply entering a limit, presence at a location, or a hostile direction (against). Additionally, it may express concepts such as concerning, in addition to, or according to. The entries highlight its versatility in both physical and metaphorical contexts.
אֶל (nearly always followed by Makkeph),
prep. denoting motion to or direction towards (whether physical or mental).of motion to or unto a person or place
Where the limit is actually entered, into
Of direction towards anything
Where the motion or direction implied appears from the context to be of a hostile character, אֶל = against
Unto sometimes acquires from the context the sense of in addition to
Metaph. in regard to, concerning, on account of
Of rule or standard according to (rare)
Expressing presence at a spot, against, at, by, not merely after verbs implying motion
Prefixed to other preps. it combines with them the idea of motion or direction to
base
H413 אֶל (nearly always followed by Makkeph), . of motion to or unto a person or place
. Where the limit is actually entered, into
. Of direction towards anything
. Where the motion or direction implied appears from the context to be of a hostile character, אֶל = against
. Unto sometimes acquires from the context the sense of in addition to
. Metaph. in regard to, concerning, on account of
. Of rule or standard according to (rare)
. Expressing presence at a spot, against, at, by, not merely after verbs implying motion
. Prefixed to other preps. it combines with them the idea of motion or direction to
413 'el ale
(but only used in the shortened constructive form sel {el});
a primitive particle; properly, denoting motion towards, but
occasionally used of a quiescent position, i.e. near, with or
among; often in general, to:--about, according to ,after,
against, among, as for, at, because(-fore, -side), both...and,
by, concerning, for, from, X hath, in(- to), near, (out) of,
over, through, to(-ward), under, unto, upon, whether,
with(-in).
אֶל (el) — to(wards).
1) to, toward, unto (of motion)
2) into (limit is actually entered)
2a) in among
3) toward (of direction, not necessarily physical motion)
4) against (motion or direction of a hostile character)
5) in addition to, to
6) concerning, in regard to, in reference to, on account of
7) according to (rule or standard)
8) at, by, against (of one's presence)
9) in between, in within, to within, unto (idea of motion to)
Prep — PrepositionHR
מָקוֹם (maqom) means 'place' and encompasses a variety of contexts, including a standing place, station, or post. It can refer to human abodes, localities, regions, and even figurative conditions of body or mind. The term is derived from a root meaning 'standing' and is used broadly in the Old Testament.
מָקוֹם, מָקֹם 399 n.m. standing-place, place
standing-place
station, where soldiers are placed
post, office
place where a thing belongs
esp.
place of human abode
of י׳’s abode
place
in gen. place, locality, spot
space, room
space, distance, between
region, quarter, direction
peculiar uses
base
H4725 מָקוֹם, מָקֹם standing-place, place . . standing-place
. station, where soldiers are placed
. post, office
. . place where a thing belongs
. esp. . place of human abode
. of י׳’s abode
. place
. in gen. place, locality, spot
. . space, room
. space, distance, between
. region, quarter, direction
. peculiar uses
4725 maqowm maw-kome'
or maqom {maw-kome'}; also (feminine) mqowmah {mek-o-mah'};
or mqomah {mek-o-mah'}; from 6965; properly, a standing, i.e.
a spot; but used widely of a locality (general or specific);
also (figuratively) of a condition (of body or
mind):--country, X home, X open, place, room, space, X
whither(-soever).
see HEBREW for 06965
מָקוֹם (ma.qom) — place.
1) standing place, place
1a) standing place, station, post, office
1b) place, place of human abode
1c) city, land, region
1d) place, locality, spot
1e) space, room, distance
1f) region, quarter, direction
1g) give place to, instead of
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular constructHNcmsc
plas: Normally for maqom, Old Testament, and topos, New Testament, but in the King James Version "place" represents a great number of Hebrew and Greek words, often used with no difference in force (e.g. 2Ch 35:10,15). the Revised Version (British and American) has made few changes, but occasionally has attempted to specialize the meaning (Ge 40:13; Job 37:8; Ac 8:32; Jas 3:11, etc.).
זֶה (zeh) is a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'this' or 'here.' It can stand alone, be used appositively, or function as a predicate. The word can also attach enclitically to interrogative pronouns, adding emphasis and directness. In poetry, it may serve as a relative pronoun, though this usage is rare.
זֶה demonstr.pron. and adv.; fem. זֹאת, once זֹאתָה; this, here
standing alone
In appos. to subst.
More oft. as pred.
It is attached enclitically, almost as an adv., to certain words, esp. interrog. pronouns, to impart, in a manner often not reproducible in Engl. idiom, directness and force, bringing the question or statement made into close relation with the speaker.
In poetry, as a relative pron. (rare)
With prefixes (in special senses)
base
H2088 זֶה demonstr. pron. and adv.; fem. זֹאת, once זֹאתָה; this, here . standing alone
. In appos. to subst.
. More oft. as pred.
. It is attached enclitically, almost as an adv., to certain words, esp. interrog. pronouns, to impart, in a manner often not reproducible in Engl. idiom, directness and force, bringing the question or statement made into close relation with the speaker.
. In poetry, as a relative pron. (rare)
. With prefixes (in special senses)
2088 zeh zeh
a primitive word; the masculine demonstrative pronoun, this
or that:--he, X hence, X here, it(-self), X now, X of him, the
one...the other, X than the other, (X out of) the (self) same,
such (a one) that, these, this (hath, man), on this side...on
that side, X thus, very, which. Compare 2063, 2090, 2097,
2098.
see HEBREW for 02063
see HEBREW for 02090
see HEBREW for 02097
see HEBREW for 02098
זֶה (zeh) — this.
1) this, this one, here, which, this...that, the one...the other, another, such
1a) (alone)
1a1) this one
1a2) this...that, the one...the other, another
1b) (appos to subst)
1b1) this
1c) (as predicate)
1c1) this, such
1d) (enclitically)
1d1) then
1d2) who, whom
1d3) how now, what now
1d4) what now
1d5) wherefore now
1d6) behold here
1d7) just now
1d8) now, now already
1e) (poetry)
1e1) wherein, which, those who
1f) (with prefixes)
1f1) in this (place) here, then
1f2) on these conditions, herewith, thus provided, by, through this, for this cause, in this matter
1f3) thus and thus
1f4) as follows, things such as these, accordingly, to that effect, in like manner, thus and thus
1f5) from here, hence, on one side...on the other side
1f6) on this account
1f7) in spite of this, which, whence, how
HTm — ParticleHTm
יָסַד (yacad) means to establish or found, with nuances of fixing and laying a foundation. It can refer to both literal and figurative settings, such as appointing or consulting. The verb appears in various forms, including Qal (to found), Niphal (to be founded), and Piel (to establish). The entries do not indicate any significant disagreement among lexicons.
יָסַד vb. establish, found, fix
Qal found, establish
Niph.
fix or seat themselves close together, sit in conclave
be founded
Pi.
found
establish
Pu. be founded, be laid, of a foundation
Hoph. be founded
base
H3245 יָסַד establish, found, fix
3245 yacad yaw-sad'
a primitive root; to set (literally or figuratively);
intensively, to found; reflexively, to sit down together, i.e.
settle, consult:--appoint, take counsel, establish, (lay the,
lay for a) found(-ation), instruct, lay, ordain, set, X sure.
יָסַד (ya.sad) — to found.
1) to found, fix, establish, lay foundation
1a) (Qal) to found, establish, begin
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to fix or seat themselves close together, sit in conclave
1b2) to be founded
1c) (Piel)
1c1) to found
1c2) to establish, appoint, ordain
1d) (Pual) to be founded, be laid
1e) (Hophal) to be founded
V-Qal-Perf-2ms — Verb · Qal · perfect second person masculine singularHVqp2ms
הֶם (hem) — them.
Personal object pronoun - suffix for propositions and verbs without an object: 3rd person masculine plural
HR/Sp3mp — Preposition · suffixHR/Sp3mp